NURSING THEORIST PERSON
Lydia Hall 16 years of age or older and past
the acute stage of chronic illness
Dorothea Orem Have a need and resources for
self-care
Evelyn Adam Sick or well; have physical,social
emotional, & spiritual factors
Madeleine Leininger Capable of being concerned
about the needs, well-being, &
survival of other
Margaret Watson With mind, body, and soul
Rosemarie Rizzo Parse Open being who is more than &
different from the sum of its parts
Hildegard Peplau An organism that lives in an
unstable equilibrium
Joyce Travelbee Unique, irreplaceable individual
who is in continuous process of
becoming, evolving, & changing.
Ida jean Orlando Individual with felt need
Ernestine Weindenbach Individual who is receiving help
of somekind
Joan Sisca Nurse, patient, doctors and other
medical practitioner
Dorothy Johnson A behavioral system
Sister Callista Roy A adaptive system
Imogene King Existing in an open system as a
spiritual being and rational
thinker
Betty Neuman A client system
Myra Levine Holistic being who is sentient,
thinking, future-oriented and
past-aware.
Martha Rogers An open system
HEALTH
State of self-awareness
Capable of doing everything
(structurally &functionally)
Achievement of independence
State of well-being that is
culturally defined
Unity & harmony w/in the mind,
body and soul
Open process of being and
becoming
Forward movement of
personality & other ongoing
human processes
Subjective (self-appraisal)
Objective (measured by physical
examinations)
Relieved Felt need
Health related concerns in the
nurse patient situation
Non-verbal communication or
symbols
State of equilibrium
State of Adaptation (integrity)
Achievement of maximum
potential for daily living. (ability to
perceive, think, feel, etc.)
Wellness of all parts of the client
are in harmony or balance
To function in a reasonably
manner, ability to return to self.
Manifestation of pattern and are
considered to denote behaviors
that are high value. (culture)
ENVIRONMENT
Conducive to self-development
Conditioning factors (physical,
chemical & biological)
Anything that affects the
individual
Culture of an individual
Lived experiences of an
individual
Everything in the person and his
or her experiences (inseparable)
Existing forces outside the
organism & in context of culture
Human conditions and life
experiences (suffering, hope,
pain and illness)
Immediate environment
May produce obstacle w/c
results to felt need
Interpersonal interactions
Internal and external
environment
Internal and external stimuli
Internal and external background
for human interactions
All internal, external, and created
factors
internal (physiologic) & external
environment (perceptual,
operational, and conceptual).
Irreducible and pandimensional
energy field. Can create change
NURSING
Participates in the care, core,
cure aspects of the patient
Gives specialized assistance to
PWD (Nursing system)
Unique function: to assist the
patient to gain independence
Kind of care that respect and
consider the patient’s culture
(Culturally congruent care)
10 Carative Factors
Abstract body of knowledge to
serve people
Educative instrument that aims
to promote forward movement of
personality (Therapeutic)
Interpersonal process to prevent
or cope with experiences and to
find meaning.
Deliberative Action
Not only acts, but she thinks &
feel as well.
Care of the patient based on
symbolic interactions
External regulatory force action
upon the patient’s behavior
Support & promote adaptation
An act wherein the nurse
interacts and communicates with
the client.
Concerned will all stressors,
even potential.
Actively support the patient’s
adaptive efforts to achieve the
best possible environmental fit
Promote symphonic interactions
between human and
environmental field