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Asthi Sharir

Presentation · August 2018

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Gaurav Soni
North Eastern institute of Ayurveda & Homoeopathy, Shillong
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 Asthi Sharir

Dr Gaurav Soni
Lecturer
Rachana Sharir
North Eastern Institute of Ayurveda and
Homoeopathy
Shillong- Meghalaya
It is a hard substance which remains left even after most
part of body has been decayed.

अस्यते इतत अस्स्थ| नऩु.( अस्यते – अस ् धातु में क ् थन

प्रत्यय ऱग र अस्स्थ शब्द बन है )|
According to Susruta it is substance which remains even
after else very part like flesh, muscles etc. are shattered
even after burying the body after death. It remains as last
identity of person even after demise.

तस्मास्चिरविनष्टे षु त्िङमाांसेषु शरीररणाम ् | अस्थीतन न

विनश्यस्तत साराण्येतातन दे हहनाम ् |(Su.Sh.5/22)
According to Shabdastomkara- it is part of body which
remains till long period even after death of body. “Hada”
is synonym of Asthi.
अस्यते अस ्- क थन ्
According to “Halayush kosa”, it is substance of body
which remains till last and is in whole body.
मासाभ्यततरस्थे हाड इतत|
अस्यते, क्षऺप्यते यत ् अस्स्थ | (हऱायध
ु ् ोष)
Asthi is hard and stable Dhatu which gives support to
Mamsa, Peshi and Snayu .
स्स्थर हिनअबऱम्बन धातु: शरीरस्य यत्र प्रततिधयतते
माांस ऩश्येयतता स्नायिश्ि || pratyaksa sariram by
gananath sen part1 chapter 3 page 14||
Synonyms-
Following synonyms are used for Asthi
• Keekasa = hard, firm.
• Kulyam = a bone.
• Kapala = the skull, cranium, skull bone.
• Astri = not feminine, masculine.
• Medojam = which is produced from meda.
Asthi Dhatu

Dhatus are the tissue-humoral systems of the body.

They are always formed in a fixed sequence.
In different permutations and combinations the Dhatus
form various physical organs of the body according to
the genetically coded information’s.
 It is one among the Sapta Dhatus which are present in
the Sharira.
 Form of Dhatu which is present inside the Mamsa
Dhatu is known as Asthi.
Panchabhautika Constitution

Though every substance is made of all five

Mahabhutas (Akasha, Vayu, Agni, Jala and Prithivi), but
Asthi has predominance of Prithivi and Vayu
Mahabhuta.
As we have seen that Asthi has predominance of
Prithvi and Vayu Mahabhuta, Asthi Dhatu thus
comprises qualities of these two dominantly.
As per qualities of Prithvi Mahabhuta, Asthi is strong
and heavy and as per qualities of Vayu Mahabhuta,
Asthi is dry and rough.
Thus, both these Mahabhuta give characteristic
qualities like strongness, roughness, dryness and
hardness .
Asthi Karmas
The Asthi Karmas are as follows
• Deha Dharana.
• Majja Pushti.
• Asthi supports the Mamsa, Sira and
Snayu .

Asthi Upadhatu
The Upadhatu of Asthi is Danta (teeth’s.)
Asthi Mala
During the formation of any Dhatu it will produce
their own Mala. Similarly Asthi also has Mala, as per
different texts.
S.No Asthi mala Ch.S. Su.S. B.P.
1 Kesha + - -
2 Loma + - +
3 Nakha - + +
4 Roma - + -
Asthi Sankhya
S.no Text books Numbers

1. Charaka Samhita 360

2. Sushruta Samhita 300

3. Astanga Hrudaya 360

4. Astanga Sangraha 360

5. Bhavaprakasha 300

6. Kashyapa Samhita 360

7. Bhela Samhita 360

ASTHI AND THEIR SANKHYA ACCORDING TO CHARAKA
S.No Asthi Number
1 Danta 32
2 Dantaulukhala 32
3 Nakha 20
4 Anguli 60
5 Salaka 20
6 Salaka-Asdhisthana 4
7 Parsni 2
8 Gulpha 4
9 Manika 4
10 Aratni 4
11 Jangha 4
12 Janukapal 2
13 Kapalika 2
14 Uru-Nalaka 2
15 Bahu-Nalaka 2
16 Amsa-Phalaka 2
17 Aksaka 2
18 Sroni-Phalaka 2
19 Bhag-Asthi 1
20 Prsthagat-Asthi 45
21 Uras 14
22 Parsvaka 24
23 Sthalaka 24
24 Arbuda 24
25 Griva 15
26 Jatru 1
27 Talusaka 2
28 Hanv-Asthi 1
29 Hanu-Mula-Bandhana 2
30 Nasika-Gandakuta-Lalata 1
31 Sankha 2
32 Sirah-Kapala 4
Total 360
Asthi and their Sankhya according to Susruta
S.No Asthi Number
1 Anguli 60
2 Tala 20
3 Kurca 20
4 Gulpha
5 Parsni 4
6 Jangha 8
7 Janu 4
8 Uru 4
9 Sroni 5
10 Parsva 72
11 Prstha 30
12 Uras 8
13 Aksaka/Amsaphalka 2
14 Griva 9
15 Kantha-nadi 4
16 Hanu 2
17 Danta 32
18 Nasa 3
19 Talu 1
20 Ganda 2
21 Karna 2
22 Sankha 2
23 Siras 6
Total 300
The distributions of Asthi in the Shadanga of Sharira
are as follows.

According to Sushruta Samhita .

• Shaakha : 140
• Shroni, Parshva, Prushtha, Uras: 117
• Greevordhva : 63

According to Ashtanga Sangraha .

• Shaakha :140
• Madhya Sharira:120
• Urdhva Sharira: 100
Asthi Bhedas (Types)
Depending upon size, shape, position of Asthi in the
body total Asthi is divided into five types. These are
tabulated below-
S.no Types S.S A.S A.H. B.P
1 Kapala + + + +
2 Ruchaka + + + +
3 Taruna + + + +
4 Valaya + + + +
5 Nalaka + + + +
The meaning of particular type-

Kapala-Asthi - These are flat in nature. Literally it means bone

which covers and protects the brain .
Valaya-Asthi - These are round in shape or particularly hemi
circle in shape.
Taruna-Asthi - These are soft in nature . Literally it means
which have either not fully developed i.e. ossified. Also the bones
of child have come under same scenario.
Nalika-Asthi - These are long like tubes and hollow from
within. They are reed shaped.
Ruchaka-Asthi - The bones which are different from all and are
utilized to chew food and enjoy the taste. These are for taste
sensation .
The locations of each type -
1) Kapala- Asthi’s present in the Janu, Nitamba, Amsa, Ganda,
Talu, Shankha, Vankshana and Madhyashira are known as Kapala Asthi.
2) Valaya- Asthi in Pani, Pada, Uru, Parshva and Prustha are
Valayasthi . Some commentator’s don’t agree with it as they count some
other bones in this category as Pada, Hasta, Griva and Prishsta .
3) Taruna- Asthi’s present in the Ghrana, Karna, Greeva and
Akshikuta are called as TarunAsthi . Bhoja also added Kantha in list.
4) Nalaka- Asthi’s which are left from above description is listed in
this type . Commentators like Dalhana and Bhoja have specified some of
bones like Hasta Anguli, Pada Anguli, Pada Tala, Kurcha , Bahu Asthi,
Jangha Asthi etc in examples of this type. Typically bones of
extremities are Nalaka- Asthi
5) Ruchaka- The Dashanas are known as RuchakAsthi. These
are 28 or 32 in all. So, here Ruchaka i.e. Danta (teeth) are also regarded
as Asthi along with various other stiff parts.
 Thank you

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