CHAPTER - I

1
1.1 INTRODUCTION:

Due to rapid industrialization, industrial workers are exposed to

several types of hazards and accidents. Every year lakhs of workers are injured due to
mechanical, chemical, electrical and radiation hazards and it leads to partial or total
disablement. So in recent years, greater attention is given to safety due to pressure from
government, trade unions, labour laws and awareness of employers.

The efficiency of workers depends to a great extends on the

environment in which the work. Work environment consists of all the factors, which act and
react on the body and mind of an employee. The primary aim is to create an environment,
which ensures the greatest ease of work and removes all causes of worries.

Successful occupational safety practice requires the collaboration and

participation of both employers and workers safety programmes, and involves the
consideration of issues relating to occupational medicine, industrial hygiene, toxicology,
education, engineering safety, ergonomics, psychology, etc.

Work plays a central role in people's lives, since most workers spend
at least eight hours a day in the workplace, whether it is on a plantation, in an office, factory,
etc. Therefore, work environments should be safe. Unfortunately some employers assume
little responsibility for the protection of workers' safety. In fact, some employers do not even
know that they have the moral and often legal responsibility to protect workers.

2
1.2OBJECTIVES:

1. To Recognize and Understand the Importance of Workplace Hazards

2. To Identify Common Workplace Hazards
3. To Understand How to Reduce Risk
4. To Know How to React in an Emergency
5. To Know their Safety-Related Rights and Responsibilities at Work
6. To study the awareness of the workers about safety in the work place.
7. To find the occurrence of accidents happened at work place.
8. To identify the role of management in implementing safety.
9. To find out satisfaction level of the respondents towards safety measure.
10. To give suggestions to improve the safety in the organization.

3
.

1.3AREA OF STUDY:

The area of study is in the field of HUMAN RESOURCE With special reference to

workers safety measures in SRI SARVARAYA SUGARS LTD

1.4 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY:

Research Methodology is a study of systematically solving the problem. The

research design of this study considering its objectives was exploratory as well as descriptive
in nature.

SOURCES OF DATA:

PRIMARY DATA: The primary data has been obtained from the selected workers & senior
executive of Sri Sarvaraya Sugars Limited through circulation of the structured non-disguised
questionnaire.

SECONDARY DATA: The secondary data has been obtained from published as well as
unpublished literature on the topic and from Books, Journals, News Papers, Research
Articles, Thesis, Websites, and Magazines etc.

SAMPLING:

SAMPLE SIZE: Appropriate number of sample size (i.e. 60) was put to use for the purpose
of collecting primary data from the selected workers of the Sri Sarvaraya Sugars Limited.

SAMPLING METHOD: Non-probability sampling design based on convenient sampling

method has been used for this research study.

4
TOOLS USED FOR ANALYSIS:

Instrument: Structured Questionnaire.

DATA ANALYSIS TECHNIQUES:

The data tool is percentage method, Percentage analysis is used to compare between

Two or more series data. Percentage is used to describe relations. It can also be used to

Compare the relative terms, the distribution of two or more series of data.

NO OF RESPONDENTS
PERCENTAGE OF RESPONDENTS = X 100
TOTAL NO OF RESPONDENTS

DIAGRAMS AND CHARTS:

For representing the values of the data, the study uses both bar and pie diagrams. Pie

Diagram is a circle divided into a number of sectors to represent the values of data. It is

Useful to know how the given data is distributed. Bar diagram is the most common type

Of diagram used in practice. Bar line whose width is shown merely for attention. To

Supplement the study various charts were used.

CHARTS USED:

a) Bar chart.

b) Pie chart.

5
1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY:

 The sample size selected by the researcher is limited.

 The time factor in collecting the responses as in conducting the
research study would be limited.
 The respondents were unable or unwilling to give response.
 The study is purely based on the data collected through questionnaire
which may be inadequate to measure the true opinion.

1.6 CHAPTERIZATION:

CHAPTER-1:

 Introduction about the Project Title,

 Objectives of the Study,
 Area of the Study,
 Research Methodology,
 Limitations of the Study and
 Chapterisation.

CHAPTER-2 : Theoretical Outlook.

CHAPTER-3 : Company Profile.

CHAPTER-4 : Analysis and its Interpretations.

CHAPTER-5 : Findings from the data, Suggestions and Conclusion.

REFERENCES : Bibliography (books and websites).

ANNEXURE : Questionnaire.

6
CHAPTER - II
THEORETICAL
OUTLOOK

7
 THEORETICAL OUTLOOK

2.1 DEFINITION OF “SAFETY OF WORKERS”:

Safety of workers refers to the provision of a safe environment, safe equipment

and safe procedures in the workplace in order to ensure workers' health and safety. Safety in
the workplace means having an environment free from injury and hazards. Proper processes
and procedures will allow workers to work without worrying about the safety. While
organizations certainly have a moral obligation to ensure the safety of workers, an unsafe
workplace can also have serious legal and financial consequences for workers.

Safety of workers may also be known as worker safety or occupational health and safety.

2.2 WHAT IS SAFETY?

Safety refers to the absence of accidents. Safety, in simple terms, means freedom
from the occurrence or risk of injury or loss. An accident, then is an unplanned and
uncontrolled event in which an action or reaction of an object, a substance, a person, or a
radiation results in personal injury. Safety is a concept that includes all measures and
practices taken to preserve the life, health, and bodily integrity of individuals.

2.3 TYPES OF ACCIDENTS:

Accidents are of different types. They may be classified as major and minor
ones, depending upon the severity of the injury. An accident which ends in a death, or which
results in a prolonged disability to the injured is a major one. A scratch or a cut which does
not seriously disable him/her is a minor accident, but an accident nevertheless. A mere
incision or a deep scratch, say, on the leg or the shoulder, may or may not immediately
disable the worker, but he or she may develop disability later. Again, a wound which may
disable one worker may not disable another who receives a similar injury.

An accident may be internal or external. If a worker falls, or an object falls on

him or her, it is possible he or she may show no external signs of injury, but he or she may
have fractured a bone or strained a muscle or nerve- which is an internal injury. A worker
may be disabled by an injury for hour, half a day, a day, a week, a month, or a few months. If

8
he or she recovers from such a disability, his or her disability is temporary. If the injury is
such that he or she will never recover fully, his or her disability is permanent.

2.4 NEED FOR SAFETY:

(1) Cost Saving:

Two types of costs are incurred by the management when an accident occurs.
There are the direct costs, in the form of compensation payable to the dependents of the
victim if the accident is fatal, and medical expenses incurred in treating the patient if the
accident is non-fatal. The management, however, is not liable to meet the direct costs if the
victim is insured under the ESI scheme. When the victim is uninsured, compensation and
medical expenses are the responsibility of the management.

More serious than the direct costs are the indirect or hidden costs which the
management cannot avoid. In fact, the indirect costs are three to four times higher than the
direct costs. Hidden costs include loss on account of down-time of operators, slowed-up
production rate of other workers, materials spoiled and labour for cleaning and damages to
equipment.

(2) Increased Productivity:

Safety plants are efficient plants. To a large extent, safety promotes

productivity. Employees in safe plants can devote more time to improving the quality and
quantity of their output and spend less time worrying about their safety and well-being.

(3) Moral:

Safety is important on human grounds too. Managers must undertake accident

prevention measures to minimize the pain and suffering the injured worker and his/her family
is often exposed to as a result of the accident. An employee is a worker in the factory and the
bread-winner for his/her family. The happiness of his/her family depends upon the health and
well-being of the worker.

9
(4)Legal:

There are legal reasons for undertaking safety measures. There are laws covering
occupational health & safety, and penalties for non-compliance have become quite severe.
The responsibility extends to the safety and health of the surrounding community, too.

2.5 SAFETY AT WORKPLACE:

According to Cole (2002), employer has a common law duty to provide a safe
place of work for his or her employees and is liable at common law for accidents encounter
by his or her employees in the course of their employment. The duties (regarding health and
safety) which employer owes his or her employees basically include the following:

 The provision of a safe place of employment.

 The provision of safe means of access to work.
 The provision of safe systems of working.
 The provision of adequate equipment, materials and clothing to enable employees
to carry out their work safely.
 The provision of competent co-workers.
 A duty of care to ensure that employees are not subjected to any unreasonable
risks in the workplace.

2.6 IDENTIFYING HAZARDS IN THE WORKPLACE:

Some occupational diseases have been recognized for many years, and affect
workers in different ways depending on the nature of the hazard, the route of exposure, the
dose, etc. Some well-known occupational diseases include :

a) Asbestosis (caused by asbestos, which is common in insulation, automobile

brake linings, etc.)
b) Silicosis (caused by silica, which is common in mining, sandblasting, etc.)
c) Lead poisoning (caused by lead, which is common in battery plants, paint
factories, etc.)

10
 d) Noise-induced hearing loss (caused by noise, which is common in many
workplaces, including airports, and workplaces where noisy machines, such
as presses or drills, etc.)

2.7 THEORIES OF SAFETY:

The ABC theory of safety.

A – Attitudes:

Employee behavior is arguably one of the greatest determinants in

workplace safety, especially as employees interact amid a host of varying safety issues. The
human behavior thus plays a huge role to a task performed by an employee. The task can
have a negative and a positive impact on connected to the person doing the specified task.

Your work attitude not only affects how well you do your job, but it also
affects how safe you are when doing it. Positive people usually perform better in the
workplace because they maintain an open mind and consider the outcome of their behavior.
Negative people, on the other hand, complain about everything, including having to practice
safety. The person with the negative work attitude is less likely to care about the quality of
the job she is doing or how she does it. A negative work attitude can lead to unsafe work
habits and accidents.

B – Behavior:

Behavior in the workplace is all about emotions such as aggression,

happiness, or depression.

Negative workplace behavior, such as workplace bullying, is an important

work‐related psychosocial hazard with the potential to contribute to employee ill health. Two
major health issues can be noted; poor mental and cardiovascular health.

11
C – Conditions:
The condition to follow or consequences are what happen after the behavior
– reward or punishment. Past conditions become influencers to future behavior. Most people
do not want to suffer the "consequences" of their behavior. When people understand and
believe in the potential conditions, behavior starts to change. The motivating conditions are
different for people. The impact an injury has on them personally or their family is important.
For others, losing their job, or having a consequence directly impact their social life is more
important and can lead to behavior change. The point is, we are all motivated differently. So
understanding the motivations for safety in our people becomes important for long-term
behavior change.

The domino theory of safety:

The Heinrich Domino Theory is based on the sequence of events that leads to an
incident.

 The potential injury only occurs as a result of an injury (Final Domino).

 An accident only happens as result of personal or mechanical hazard.
 Hazards only occur as result of people faults.
 Faults of people are inherited, born bred and educated.
 Thus by removal of an optical domino caused the effect not to happen. This is done
by training the staff and to make them aware of danger in the workplace.

2.8 SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:

A health and safety management system (HSMS) is a systematic approach

put in place by an employer to minimize the risk of injury and illness. It involves identifying,
assessing, and controlling risks to workers in all workplace operations. An effective HSMS is
a key component of any business; its scope and complexity will vary according to the type of
workplace and the nature of its operations.

12
For both development and implementation of an HSMS to be successful, effective, and
efficient, it needs to be based on a formal structure of defined elements. A successful HSMS
includes but is not limited to the following seven elements:
1. Management involvement and commitment.
2. Hazard identification and assessment.
3. Hazard control.
4. Training.
5. Emergency response.
6. Incident reporting and investigation.
7. Communications.

13
 CHAPTER - III

COMPANY PROFILE

14
 SRI SARVARAYA SUGARS LTD

CAMPANY PROFILE:

Sri Sarvaraya Sugars Limited was incorporated on 14th September 1956 as a

Public Limited Company, under the Companies Act, 1956 and a Certificate of
Commencement was issued on 20th March 1957 from Registrar of Companies, Madras.

It is classified as Non-govt Company and is registered at Registrar of

Companies, Chennai. Its authorized share capital is Rs. 100,000,000 and its paid up capital is
Rs. 10,160,000. It is inolved in Growing of crops; market gardening; horticulture.

Sri Sarvaraya Sugars Limited's Annual General Meeting (AGM) was last held
on 26 September 2018 and as per records from Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA), its
balance sheet was last filed on 31 March 2018.

KEY MANAGEMENT:

The Company is managed by a Managing Director, assisted by two joint

Managing Directors and three Executive Directors, under the guidance, control and
supervision of the Board of Directors. The Company is also well staffed with competent
technical, administrative and financial personnel.

PRODUCTS:
SUGAR:

A Sugar Plant was set up in the year 1956 at Chelluru, East Godavari District,
and Andhra Pradesh with an initial capacity of 800 TGD. The Sugar Unit went into
production during 1959-60 sugar seasons. The capacity has since been increased in stages to
5,000 TCD. Sugar is marketed mainly to the soft drinks beverage industry and to other
consumers in various parts of the country.

The current grades of sugar manufactured by the company:

S – 30 : Sugar having crystal size of 600 microns known as Small (S) grade sugar
and the colour of sugar is around 55 ICUMSA.

15
 M – 30 : Sugar having crystal size of 1100 microns known as Medium (M) grade
sugar and the colour of sugar is around 75 ICUMSA.

DISTILLERY:

In 1964 the company had set up its first distillery unit adjacent to its sugar
factory with an installed capacity of 13,500 bulk litres per day (BL).

RECTIFIED SPIRIT (RS):

Rectified Spirit is derived from fermentation and distillation process of sugar

cane molasses with Multi-Pressure Distillation and it contains 95% alcohol (Min).

EXTRA NEUTRAL ALCOHOL (ENA):

Extra Neutral Alcohol is derived from Rectified spirit, which in turn is derived
from fermentation and distillation process of sugar cane molasses and it contains 96% (Min)
pure alcohol concentration.
ETHANOL:

Ethanol is derived from Rectified spirit, which in turn is derived from

fermentation and distillation process of sugar cane molasses and it contains 99.8 % (Min.)
alcohol concentration using Molecular-sieve dehydration technology.
POWER:

The company has an installed power generation capacity of 17.65 MW of

which 12.65 MW was installed and commissioned in the year 2008.

ORGANIC PRODUCTS:

The company manufactures Organic Manure under the brand name "Bhoo
Shakthi". It is a scientific mixture of best quality press mud based organic manure (by
product of sugar industry manufactured in large scale by "aerobic solid state fermentation"
technique) with other plant growth enhancing products.

 Improves soil organic matter

16
  Improves water holding capacity of soil

 Helps in reduction of alkalinity & salinity of soils

 Helps in enduring drought conditions

 Promotes healthy plant growth by its composite nutrient availability leading to

higher yields

 Enhances plant photosynthesis & growth

 Improves shelf life of fruits, vegetables & flowers

 Provides a balanced root / shoot development and uniform fruit maturity

BEVERAGES:

Bottling Division (Coca Cola):

The bottling division is a franchise bottler of The Coca - Cola Company

since 1993. This division has four plants at Vemagiri, Kesavaram, Gopalapuram and
Khammam. These plants have the capacity to bottle aerated and non aerated drinks of the
Coca - Cola product range. It also has facilities to bottle in glass and PET bottles. The
franchise area covers three districts viz., East Godavari, West Godavari and Khammam. The
company has one of the largest bottling capacities in South India.

The bottling division has bagged numerous awards in the past including the
"Best Bottler of the Year Award" and "International Brand Bottler" of the year. It has also
received the Gold award for excellence in Quality and Sales. These awards are a testimony to
the company's commitment to quality and excellence in all spheres of activity.

Mineral Water Division:

This division bottles "KINLEY" brand of mineral water. The plant is located
at Sathupally in Khammam District. This project was successfully commissioned and
commercial operations started from May 2001.

17
PACKAGED DRINKING WATER:

Kinley Water & Soda Water:

This division bottles "KINLEY" brand of mineral water. This plant is located
at Sathupally, Khammam District and bottles the “KINLEY” brand of mineral water and soda
water. This project was successfully commissioned and commercial operations were started
from May 2001.

MOTIVE:

 Provision of access to basic necessities such as clean drinking water and sanitation to
the underprivileged.
 Maintain environmental and ecological balance.
 Support education for the underprivileged.
 Support rural infrastructure development.

CONTACT:

CONTACT Sri Sarvaraya Sugars Limited,

ADDRESS: no: 12, Ethiraj Salai,
Egmore, Chennai,
Tamil Nadu
India
Pin : 600 008

EMAIL ID: chennai@srisarvarayasugars.in

PHONE NO: 044 2827 6182

18
 CHAPTER - IV
DATA ANALYSIS &
INTERPRETATIONS

19
 TABLE4.1: Table showing age of respondents

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

No: Respondents
A Below 25 10 17

B 26 – 30 18 30

C 31 – 35 22 36

D 36 – 40 4 7

E Above 40 6 10

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE4.1: Chart showing Age of respondents

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
Below 25 26 - 30 31 - 35 36 - 40 Above 40

Interpretation : The chart depicts that : 17% respondents tend to age below 25, 30%
respondents tend to age between 26-30, 36% respondents tend to age between 31-35, 07%
respondents tend to age between 36-40 and; 10% respondents tend to age above 40. Majority
of the respondents tend to age between 31-35.

20
 TABLE 4.2: Table showing the Experience (in years) of the respondents.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

No: Respondents
A Below 5 05 08

B 6 – 10 12 20

C 11 – 15 22 37

D 16 – 20 18 30

E Above 20 03 05

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE4.2: Chart showing the Experience (in years) of the respondents.

40

35

30

25

20

15

10

0
Below 5 06-10 11 - 15 16 - 20 Above 20

Interpretation: From the above table, 8% of the respondents have work experience of
below 5 years, 20% of the respondents have work experience of 6-10 years, and 37% of the
respondents have work experience of 11-15 years, 30% respondents have work experience of
16-20 years, and 5% respondents have work experience of above 20 years.

Majority of the employees in the organization have a work experience of 11-15 years.

21
 TABLE 4.3: Table showing the awareness of health and safety.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

No: Respondents
A YES 48 80

B NO 12 20

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE4.3: Chart showing the awareness of health and safety in the

company.

NO
20%

YES
80%

Interpretation: In the survey, 80% of the respondents are aware of the health and safety
measures but 20% of the respondents respond that they are not aware of the health and safety
measures adopted in the company.

22
TABLE 4.4: Table showing the effective arrangements for communicating
Health and Safety matters.

Sr. Range No. Of Percentage

No: Respondents
A YES 24 40

B NO 36 60

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE4.4: Chart showing the effective arrangements for communicating

Health and Safety matters.

YES
40%

NO
60%

Interpretation: In the survey, only 40% of the respondents say that they have effective
arrangements for communicating health and safety matters but nearly 60% of the respondents
say’s that they have no effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters
in the company.

23
 TABLE 4.5: Table showing the medical facility provided in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

No: Respondents
A YES 48 80

B NO 12 20

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE4.5: Chart showing the medical facility provided in the company.

NO
20%

YES
80%

Interpretation: In the survey, 80% of the respondents say that the company is providing
medical facilities to the workers but 20% of the respondents respond the company is not
providing any medical facilities to the workers.

24
 TABLE 4.6: Table showing the Respondents attended Health and Safety
Training in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A YES 42 70
B NO 18 30
TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.6: Chart showing the Respondents attended Health and Safety
Training in the company.

NO
30%

YES
70%

Interpretation: In the survey, 70% of the respondents respond that they attended the
health and safety training programme conducted in the company but 30% of the respondents
says that they are not attended any health and safety training programme conducted in the
company.

25
TABLE 4.7: Table showing the frequency of Training Offered.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A Once in 5 year 14 23

B Once in 3 year 36 60

C Yearly once 10 17

D Monthly - 00

E Rarely - 00

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.7: Chart showing the frequency of Training Offered in the

company.

Monthly Rarely
0% 0%

Yearly once
17%
Once in 5 years
23%

Once in 3 years
60%

Interpretation: In the survey, 23% of the respondents say that the training is offered once
in 5 years and 60% of the respondents respond that the training is offered once in 3 years and
the remaining 17% of the respondents says that the training is offered yearly once. No
respondents say that the training is offered monthly or rarely.

26
 TABLE 4.8: Table showing the proper Drinking Water Facility in the
company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A Always 10 17

B Sometimes 32 53

C Often 12 20

D Rarely 06 10

E Not at all - 00

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.8: Chart showing the proper Drinking Water Facility in the
company.

Not at all
0%

Rarely
10% Always
17%

Often
20%

Sometimes
53%

Interpretation: In the survey, 17% of the respondents say that always they have proper
drinking water and 53% of the respondents respond that sometimes they have proper drinking
water and 20% respondents says often they have proper drinking water and 10% of the
respondents says rarely they have proper drinking water facility inside the work place.

27
 TABLE 4.9: Table showing the Stress towards Work.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A Always 08 13

B Sometimes 16 27

C Often 32 53

D Rarely 04 07

E Not at all - 00

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.9: Chart showing the Stress towards Work in the company.

Not at all
0%

Rarely
Always
7%
13%

Sometimes
27%
Often
53%

Interpretation : In the survey, 13% of the respondents say that always they have stress
and 27% of the respondents respond that sometimes they have stress and 53% of the
respondents says often they have stress and only 7% respondents says rarely they have stress
towards work.

28
 TABLE 4.10: Table showing the awareness about first aid activities and
contents of the first aid kit in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A Strongly agree 46 77

B Agree 14 23

C Neutral - -

D Disagree - -

E Strongly disagree - -

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.10: Chart showing the awareness about first aid activities and
contents of the first aid kit in the company.
Disagree
Neutral 0% Strongly disagree
0% 0%

Agree
23%

Strongly agree
77%

Interpretation : In the survey,77% of the respondents strongly agrees that they are aware
about the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit but 23% respondents simply
agrees that they are aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit. No
respondents say that they are not aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first
aid kit.

29
 TABLE 4.11: Table showing the effective disciplinary procedures
implementation.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A Strongly agree 36 60
B Agree 24 40
C Neutral - -
D Disagree - -
E Strongly disagree - -
TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.11: Chart showing the effective disciplinary procedures

implementation in the company.
Disagree
0% Strongly disagree
Neutral
0% 0%

Agree
40%

Strongly agree
60%

Interpretation: In the survey, 60% of the respondents strongly agrees that the company
implements effective disciplinary procedures but 40% respondents simply agrees that the
company implements effective disciplinary procedures to maintain health and safety in the
organization. No respondents say that the company is not implementing effective disciplinary
procedures.

30
 TABLE 4.12: Table showing the working temperature is reasonable to
work in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A Strongly agree 17 28
B Agree 43 72
C Neutral - -
D Disagree - -
E Strongly disagree - -
TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.12: Chart showing the working temperature is reasonable to

work in the company.
Disagree
0%
Strongly disagree
Neutral 0%
0%

Strongly agree
28%

Agree
72%

Interpretation: In the survey, 28% of the respondents strongly agree that the working
temperature is reasonable to work but 72% respondents simply agree that the working
temperature is reasonable to work. No respondents say that the working temperature is not
reasonable to work.

31
 TABLE 4.13: Table showing the enough space to work in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A Strongly agree 13 22
B Agree 28 46
C Neutral 19 32
D Disagree - -
E Strongly disagree - -
TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.13: Chart showing the enough space to work in the company.

Disagree Strongly disagree

0% 0%

Strongly agree
Neutral 22%
32%

Agree
46%

Interpretation: In the survey, 22% of the respondents strongly agree that they have
enough space to work but 46% respondents simply agree that they have enough space to
work and 32% of the respondents say that they have no idea about the overcrowding. No
respondents say that they are not having enough space to work.

32
 TABLE 4.14: Table showing the Rest rooms are cleaned and maintained
properly.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A Strongly agree 14 23
B Agree 36 60
C Neutral 10 17
D Disagree - -
E Strongly disagree - -
TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.14: Chart showing the Rest rooms are cleaned and maintained
properly in the company.

Disagree Strongly disagree

0% 0%

Neutral Strongly agree

17% 23%

Agree
60%

Interpretation: In the survey, 23% of the respondents strongly agree that the latrines and
urinals are cleaned and maintained properly but 60% respondents simply agree that the
latrines and urinals are cleaned and maintained properly and 17% of the respondents say that
they have no idea about the maintenance of latrines and urinals. No respondents say that the
latrines and urinals are not cleaned and maintained properly.

33
 TABLE 4.15 : Table showing the environment is safe to work in the
company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A Strongly agree 33 55
B Agree 14 23
C Neutral 13 22
D Disagree - -
E Strongly disagree - -
TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.15: Chart showing the environment is safe to work in the

company.

Strongly disagree Disagree

0% 0%

Neutral
22%

Strongly agree
55%
Agree
23%

Interpretation: In the survey, 55% of the respondents strongly agree that their
environment is safe to work but 23% respondents simply agree that their environment is safe
to work and 22% of the respondents say that they have no idea about their environment is
safe to work. No respondents say that their environment is not safe to work.

34
 TABLE 4.16: Table showing the enough Training given to workers before
handling the Machines in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A Strongly agree 42 70

B Agree 12 20

C Neutral 06 10

D Disagree - -

E Strongly disagree - -

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.16: Chart showing the training given to workers before handling
the Machines in the company.

Disagree
Strongly disagree
0%
0%

Neutral
10%

Agree
20%

Strongly agree
70%

Interpretation: In the survey, 70% of the respondents strongly agree that enough training
is given to the workers but 20% respondents simply agree that enough training is given to the
workers and 10% of the respondents say that they have no idea about enough the training
given to the workers. No respondents say that enough training is not given to the workers
before handling machines.

35
 TABLE 4.17: Table showing the health checkup for workers provided by
the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A Yearly - -
B Half yearly 11 18
C Quarterly 45 75
D Monthly 04 07
E Rarely - -

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4,17: Chart showing the health checkup for workers provided by
the company.

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Yearly Half yearly Quarterly Monthly Rarely

Interpretation: In the survey, 18% of the respondents say that the company provides
health check-up half yearly and 75% of the respondents respond that the company provides
health check-up quarterly and 7% respondents says that the company provides health check-
up monthly. No respondents say that the health check-up was provided yearly or rarely.

36
 TABLE 4.18: Table showing the machines maintained properly in the
company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A Always 04 07

B Sometimes 21 35

C Often 28 46

D Rarely 07 12

E Not at all - -

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.18: Chart showing the machines maintained properly in the

company.

Not at all
0%

Always
Rarely
7%
12%

Sometimes
35%
Often
46%

Interpretation : In the survey, 7% respondents say that always they are maintaining the
machines properly and 35% of the respondents respond that sometimes they are maintaining
the machines properly and 46% respondents says often they are maintaining the machines
properly and 12% of the respondents says rarely they are maintaining the machines properly.

37
 TABLE 4.19: Table showing the Accidents Happened in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A Always 04 07

B Sometimes 17 28

C Often 29 48

D Rarely 10 17

E Not at all - -

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.19: Chart showing the Accidents Happened in the company.

Not at all
0%

Always
Rarely 7%
17%

Sometimes
28%

Often
48%

Interpretation : In the survey, 7% respondents say that always the accidents are happened
and 28% of the respondents respond that sometimes the accidents are happened and 48%
respondents says often the accidents are happened and 17% of the respondents says rarely the
accidents are happened.

38
TABLE 4.20: Table showing the ranking Accidents by their Occurrence in
the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A Fallen from height 02 03

B Finger injuries 22 37

C Electric shocks 32 53

D Fire accidents 04 07

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.20: Chart showing the ranking Accidents by their Occurrence in

the company.

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Fallen from height Finger injuries Electric shocks Fire accidents

Interpretation : In the survey, 3% of the respondents ranked fallen from height are
occurred and 37% of the respondents ranked finger injuries are occurred but 53% of the
respondents ranked electric shocks are happened and 7% of the respondents ranked fire
accidents are happened.

39
TABLE 4.21 : Table showing the company providing safety requirements.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A YES 52 87

B NO 08 13

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.21: Chart showing the company providing safety requirements.

NO
13%

YES
87%

Interpretation: In the survey, 87% of the respondents say that the company is providing
safety requirements for work and 13% of the respondents only respond that the company is
not providing any safety requirements for work.

40
TABLE 4.22: Table showing the safety committee formed in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A YES 17 28

B NO 43 72

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.22: Chart showing the safety committee formed in the company.

YES
28%

NO
72%

Interpretation: In the survey, 28% of the respondents respond that the safety committee
is formed in the company but 72% of the respondents say that the safety committee is not
formed in the company.

41
 TABLE 4.23: Table showing the safety inspections held in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:
A Yearly 03 05
B Monthly 48 80
C Weekly 09 15
D Daily - -
E Rarely - -

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.23: Chart showing the safety inspections held in the company.

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
Yearly Monthly Weekly Daily Rarely

Interpretation: In the survey, 5% of the respondents say that the safety inspections are
held yearly once and 80% of the respondents respond that the safety inspections are held
monthly once and 15% respondents says that the safety inspections are held weekly once. No
respondents say that the safety inspections are held daily or rarely in the company.

42
 TABLE 4.24: Table showing the satisfactory level of workers towards
health and safety measures in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A Very much satisfied - -

B Satisfied 52 87

C Neutral 08 13

D Dissatisfied - -

E Highly dissatisfied - -

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.24: Chart showing the satisfactory level of workers towards

health and safety measures.

Highly dissatisfied Dissatisfied Very much satisfied

0% 0% 0%

Neutral
13%

Satisfied
87%

Interpretation: In the survey, 87% of the respondents say that they are simply satisfied
with the health and safety measures adopted in the company and 13% of the respondents say
that they have no idea about the satisfaction level from health and safety measures. No
respondents are very much satisfied and dissatisfied with the health and safety measures
adopted in the company.

43
 TABLE 4.25: Table showing the role of management in implementing
health and safety in the company.

Sr. Range No. of Percentage

Respondents
No:

A Excellent - -

B Best 11 18

C Better 33 55

D Good 16 27

E Poor - -

TOTAL 60 100

TABLE 4.25: Chart showing the role of management in implementing

health and safety in the company.
Poor Excellent
0% 0%

Best
Good 18%
27%

Better
55%

Interpretation: In the survey, 18% of the respondents say that the role of management in
implementing health and safety is best and 55% of the respondents say that the role of
management is better and 27% of the respondents respond that the role of management in
implementing health and safety is good. No respondents say that the role of management in
implementing health and safety is excellent or poor.

44
CHAPTER - V
FINDINGS,
SUGGESTIONS &
CONCLUSIONS

45
5.1 FINDINGS:

 Only 20% of the respondents respond that they are not aware of the health
and safety measures and 80% of the respondents are aware of the health and
safety measures.
 60% of the respondents say that they have no effective arrangements for
communicating health and safety matters; only 40% agrees that they have
effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters.
 Majority of the respondents are told that company is providing medical
facility to the workers.
 70% of the respondents respond that they attended the health and safety
training programme but 30% of the respondents says that they are not
attended any health and safety training programme conducted in the
company.
 Most of the respondents respond that sometimes they have proper drinking
water and some of the respondents says often they have proper drinking
water and very few of the respondents say that always they have proper
drinking water.
 77% of the respondents strongly agree that they are aware about the first aid
activities and contents of the first aid kit and 23% of the respondents simply
agree that they are aware about the first aid activities and contents of the first
aid kit.
 Majority of the respondents strongly agree that the company implements
effective disciplinary procedures and few of the respondents simply agree
that the company implements effective disciplinary procedures.
 55% of the respondents strongly agree that their environment is safe to work
and 23%% of the respondents simply agree that their environment is safe to
work and 22% of the respondents say that they have no idea about the safe
working environment.
 Majority of the respondents says often they are maintaining the machines
properly and some of the respondents respond that sometimes they are
maintaining the machines properly and only very few of the respondents
says rarely they are maintaining the machines properly.

46
  48% of the respondents say often the accidents are happened and 17% of the
respondents say rarely the accidents are happened and 28% of the
respondents respond that sometimes the accidents are happened and only 7%
of the respondents say that always the accidents are happened.
 87% of the respondents say that they are simply satisfied with the health
and safety measures and 13% of the respondents say that they have no idea
about the satisfaction level from health and safety measures.
 55% of the respondents say that the role of management is better and 18%
of the respondents say that the role of management is best and 27% of the
respondents respond that the role of management in implementing health
and safety is good.

5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS/ SUGGESTIONS:

 The company has to create the awareness for the workers regarding health
and safety.
 They have to provide effective arrangements to the workers for
communicating their health and safety matters.
 It is better to provide frequent health and safety training, at least once I n a
year.
 The company has to provide enough drinking water facility available at all
the time.
 The management has to take necessary steps to reduce the stress level of the
workers.
 Orientation programmes can be conducted to make the workers to feel that
their work environment is safe to work.
 The maintenance department has to maintain the machines properly to
reduce lead-time.
 Proper training has to be given to the workers to avoid frequent accidents.
 Meditation practices can be given to avoid electric shocks, finger injuries
etc. due to lack of concentration.
 Safety committee has to be formed to monitor the health and safety issues.

47
  The company has to conduct the regular inspections to ensure higher level
of safety in the workplace.
 Cordial relationship has to be maintained between the management and the
workers to implement the health and safety policies and measures in a
smooth manner.

5.3 CONCLUSION:

It is revealed from the study that, the health and safety measures adopted in
Sri Sarvaraya Sugars Limited are provided to the workers according to the provisions of the
factories Act. It reveals that the awareness of the workers about health and safety in the
workplace is inadequate. Also repeated accidents like electric shocks, finger injuries are
occurred in the workplace. Suitable ideas were suggested to avoid those accidents and to
improve the health and safety measures. The role of management in implementing health and
safety in the organization is very effective. Most of the workers were satisfied with the
health and safety measures adopted in the company. If the company implements effective
disciplinary procedures; it will help the company to go with their policies and also to
maintain health and safety in the organization.

48
BIBLIOGRAPHY:

 Arun Monappa (1994); Industrial Relation (8th Edition)

 K Aswathappa (2014); Human Resource Management (7th Edition); Mc Graw
Hill Education.
 Armstrong, M. (2004); Handbook of Human Resources Management Practice
(9th Edition) London: Kogan Page.
 P. Subba Rao (2008); Essentials of Human Resource Management and
Industrial Relations (3rd Edition); Himalaya Publishing House.
 Emmanuel I. Akpan (2011); Effective Safety & Health Management Policy
for Improved Performance of Organization in Africa: International Journal of
Business & Management, Volume 6, No. 3, pp. 159-165.
 D.M. Yakubu & I. M. Bakri (2013); Evaluation of Safety & Health
Performance on construction sites: Journal of Management & Sustainability,
Volume 3, No. 2, pp. 100-109.
 Noor Aina Amrirah, Wan Izatul Asma, Shaladdin Muda & Aziz Amiri
(2013); Operationalisation of Safety culture to foster safety & health in the
Malaysian Manufacturing Industries: Asian Social Science, Volume 9, No. 7,
pp. 283-289.
 Collins Badu Agyemang, Joseph Gerald Nyanyofio & Gerald Dapaah Gyamfi
(2014); Job Stress, sector of work & shift work pattern as correlates of worker
health & safety: A study of Manufacturing company in Ghana: International
Journal of Business & Management, Volume 9, No. 7, pp. 59-69.
 Fariba Kiani (2014); preventing injuries in workers: the role of management
practices in decreasing injuries reporting: International Journal of Health
policy & Management, pp. 171-177.
 Joseph M Putti (1980); the management of securing and maintaining the
workforce, S Chand & Co Ltd. Ram Nagar, New Delhi.

49
 QUESTIONNAIRE:

1) Name (Optional):
2) Age:
(a) Below 25
(b) 26-30
(c) 31-35
(d) 36-40
(e) Above 40
3) Experience (in years):
(a) Below 5
(b) 6-10
(c) 11-15
(d) 16-20
(e) Above 20
4) Are you aware of the health and safety measures adopted in the company?
(a) Yes
(b) No
5) Do you have effective arrangements for communicating health and safety matters?
(a) Yes
(b) No
6) Does the company provide medical facility to the workers?
(a) Yes
(b) No
7) Have you attended any health and safety training in your company?
(a) Yes
(b) No
8) How frequent training is offered in the company?
(a) Once in 5 year
(b) Once in 3 year
(c) Yearly once

50
 (d) Monthly
(e) Rarely
9) Do you have proper drinking water facility inside your work place?
(a) Always
(b) Sometimes
(c) Often
(d) Rarely
(e) Not at all
10) Do you have any stress towards work?
(a) Always
(b) Sometimes
(c) Often
(d) Rarely
(e) Not at all
11) Do you know the first aid activities and contents of the first aid kit?
(a) Strongly Agree
(b) Agree
(c) Neutral
(d) Disagree
(e) Strongly Disagree
12) The company implements effective disciplinary procedure to maintain health and
safety?
(a) Strongly Agree
(b) Agree
(c) Neutral
(d) Disagree
(e) Strongly Disagree
13) The working temperature is reasonable to work?
(a) Strongly Agree
(b) Agree
(c) Neutral

51
 (d) Disagree
(e) Strongly Disagree
14) Do you have enough space to work?
(a) Strongly Agree
(b) Agree
(c) Neutral
(d) Disagree
(e) Strongly Disagree
15) The Rest rooms are cleaned and maintained properly?
(a) Strongly Agree
(b) Agree
(c) Neutral
(d) Disagree
(e) Strongly Disagree
16) Do you think that your environment is safe to work?
(a) Strongly Agree
(b) Agree
(c) Neutral
(d) Disagree
(e) Strongly Disagree
17) Is enough training given to the workers before handling the machines?
(a) Strongly Agree
(b) Agree
(c) Neutral
(d) Disagree
(e) Strongly Disagree
18) How often the company provide health checkup for workers?
(a) Yearly
(b) Half yearly
(c) Quarterly
(d) Monthly
(e) Rarely

52
19) Are the machines maintained properly?
(a) Always
(b) Sometimes
(c) Often
(d) Rarely
(e) Not at all
20) How often the accidents happen?
(a) Always
(b) Sometimes
(c) Often
(d) Rarely
(e) Not at all
21) Rank the accidents by their occurrence in the company?
(a) Fallen from height
(b) Finger injuries
(c) Electric shocks
(d) Fire accidents
22) Are they providing the safety requirements for work?
(a) Yes
(b) No
23) Whether safety committee formed in the company?
(a) Yes
(b) No
24) How often the safety inspections are held in your company?
(a) Yearly
(b) Monthly
(c) Weekly
(d) Daily
(e) Rarely
25) Satisfactory level of the health and safety measures taken in the company?
(a) Very much satisfied
(b) Satisfied

53
 (c) Neutral
(d) Dissatisfied
(e) Highly dissatisfied
26) The role of management in implementing health and safety?
(a) Excellent
(b) Best
(c) Better
(d) Good
(e) poor

54