Proposal For Dish Transport Mechanism1

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DISHES TRANSPORT
MECHANISM
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING THESIS-PHASE 1
Submitted By
Bikila Debela (EMER/0009/06)
Mahdi Mohammed (EMER/0023/06)
Submitted To
Inst. Daniel A.
College of Engineering
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Advisors
Inst .Daniel A.
M.sc. Awel A.
Inst. Engdasew G.
MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY

February 20, 2018
Bale, Robe
Ethiopia
DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DISH TRANSPOT MECHANISM PROPOSAL February 20, 2018
EXCUTIVE SUMMARY
Here work is done by converting rotary motion into reciprocating motion by means of a
single slider crank mechanism. The main motive behind this project is to replace human
efforts by fully mechanical, highly efficient, having low initial and maintenance cost conveyer
systems. These mechanical dishes transport systems are mainly focused towards the large
scale cafeterias, hotels and other businesses. Conventional conveyer systems consist of belts,
large input/output motors etc. which increases the initial cost as well as maintenance cost.
This project is solely based on four bar mechanism and with use of a simple small motor
rotary motion is converted to reciprocating motion. This project will surely reduce the efforts
for large scale cafeterias.
In this project we apply the path generation synthesis and coupler curve synthesis and study
to fabricate our model which is an eight link transporter mechanism. The final model will be
constructed by modeling in CAD software solid edge that will eliminate the errors. In actual
fabrication process the model will be refined as the final fitments are done by tools and
processes like welding, drilling, fitting, grinding. The model then undergoes trial run and is
examined for the prescribed motion characteristics.
MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXCUTIVE SUMMARY.......................................................................................................................... ii
ACRONOMIES ................................................................................................................................... vii
CHAPTER ONE ..................................................................................................................................... 1
1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... 1
1.1. Background of the Project ...................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Statement of problems........................................................................................................... 1
1.3. Stakeholders and Beneficiary ................................................................................................. 1
1.4. Justification............................................................................................................................. 2
1.5. Goal ....................................................................................................................................... 2
1.6. General objectives .................................................................................................................. 2
1.7. Specific Objectives .................................................................................................................. 2
1.8. Aim.......................................................................................................................................... 3
1.9. Purpose ................................................................................................................................... 3
1.12. Expected Outcome ............................................................................................................. 3
1.13. Significances ....................................................................................................................... 4
1.14.1. Advantages ......................................................................................................................... 4
2. LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................... 5
2.1. Linkage Mechanism ................................................................................................................ 5
2.2. Simple Planar Linkages ........................................................................................................... 5
2.3. Crank-rocker mechanism for box transport mechanism........................................................ 7
2.4. Functions of Linkages ............................................................................................................. 8
2.5. Four Link Mechanisms ............................................................................................................ 8
2.5.1. Definitions...................................................................................................................... 9
2.6. Transmission Angle................................................................................................................. 9
CHAPTER THREE................................................................................................................................ 11
3. METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................ 11
CHAPTER FOUR ................................................................................................................................. 13
4.1. Ethical Consideration............................................................................................................ 13
4.2. Environmental Consideration ............................................................................................... 13
4.3. Gender Consideration .......................................................................................................... 13
CHAPTER FIVE ................................................................................................................................... 17
MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING iii

5. WORK PLAN .............................................................................................................................. 17

CHAPTER FIVE ................................................................................................................................... 18
6. BUDGET .................................................................................................................................... 18
7. REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................. 24
MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING iv

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Table 1 work plan format ........................................................................................................ 17
Table 2 Budget break down for the study ............................................................................... 18
MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING v

TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1 design concept for dish transport mechanism ............................................................ 3

Figure 2 Functions of four basic planar linkage mechanisms................................................... 6
Figure 3 Crank-Rocker Mechanism .......................................................................................... 7
Figure 4 Four bar linkage .......................................................................................................... 9
Figure 5 Transmission angle ................................................................................................... 10
Figure 6 Flows chart diagram ................................................................................................. 11
MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING vi

ACRONOMIES
CAD- Computer Aided Design
DOF- Degree of Freedom
MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING vii

CHAPTER ONE
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1. Background of the Project
The dish transfer or displacement system has a simple mechanism, operated using the
kinematics links and a motor. The four bar mechanism with the help of rotary motion is
converted to reciprocating motion.
The need for small scale mechanical dish transport systems are mainly focused towards the
large scale cafeterias, hotels and other businesses. Our design and fabrication for the
“DISHES TRANSPORT MECHANISM” is dedicated to the small scale cafeterias for
where conventional conveyor belt systems are not accessible or simply who do not need such
a large scale systems such as in-house shifting line. The advantage of our design is the stop
and go motion which provides a time delay for each box. Time delay actually allows the
attendant to perform alterations with washing the dish if there is a need to do so.
Conventional systems are not equipped with this stop and go motion unless they are
programmed to stop at a designated stop which again increases the cost.
1.2. Statement of problems
In Madda Walabu University there are two cafeterias. The cafeteria has many drawbacks. For
example in presenting the washed dishes, there has been many man powers to supply the
dishes for students/users that the loss of cost for the man power happened. In addition to this
when the dishes are finished on the shelf, the students/users allowed to wait for it.
Consequentely, they consume their time until it is prepared for use. So, this leads the
students/users too busy and disordered while they enter the cafeteria one by one and stand
there by the increased numbers. In recognition of this need, this project intends to design and
fabricate a made in Madda Walabu University.
1.3. Stakeholders and Beneficiary

The project is directly interested to the small scale cafeterias for where conventional
conveyor belt systems are not accessible or simply who do not need such a large scale
systems such as in-house shifting line such as cafeterias, hotels, industries and etc.
The project is being targeting to cover the problems of transporting the users dishes at Madda
Walabu University
MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 1

It needs the participations of the beneficiaries for the project planning, development and
implementation.
1.4. Justification
The dishes transporting mechanism system plays a major role in Madda Walabu
University Cafeteria, the process of transporting or shifting from one place to another
is being maintained by human efforts only. So we just successfully want to alter this
with a dishes transporting mechanism using the kinematics links and a motor. We use
basic mechanical knowledge and design capabilities to make it possible. Thus this
project work will be useful in our University. Since the number of the students (users)
is increasing year by year, the University has to solve the problem starting from this
time.
1.5. Goal
The aim of this project is to design and fabricate the dish transport mechanism, which
can make easier to convey dishes from one section to the other whenever the users are
needed it.
1.6. General objectives
The main objective of this project is to design and fabricate a dishes transport
mechanism for Madda Walabu University cafeteria which can move washed dishes
from the place to users.
1.7. Specific Objectives
 To design analysis of the mechanism
 To fabricate the dishes transport mechanism
 To make the prototype
 To understand project planning and execution
 To understand the fabrication techniques in a mechanical workshop
 To understand the usage of various mechanical machine tools and also measuring
tools
 To determine the overall cost
 Finally, to documentation of the project

1.8. Aim
In a cafeteria, a Shifting line in order to obtain the required dishes for food carrying
purpose and to achieve a minimum amount of idle time.
1.9. Purpose
The purpose of this project to decrease the human powers working in Madda Walabu
University Cafeteria by using Dishes Transport Mechanism system.
1.10. Conceptual Design
 This is mainly used for transporting (moving/shifting) boxes automatically.
 It is driven through a DC motor and is powered through the main battery supply.
Figure 1 design concept for dish transport mechanism
1.11. Working Principle

To change circulatory motion or cycling motion of the DC motor into translator motion with the help
of levers and linkages through metal connecting rods.
1.12. Expected Outcome

 Minimized cost expenditure for human power that is made for pushing manual fork
lift in transporting every dishes in the cafeteria house.
 Minimized wastage of time due to each users should wait for a dishes.
 Minimized risk of life standard and property.

1.13. Significances
This project is used to transport dishes from the washed place to the user’s terminals in
Madda Walabu University; because it is portable and to reduce problem come by man power
and clean work place.
1.14. Application
 Can use this mechanism in medical production fields.
 It also can be used in bottle filling process.
 Can use this mechanism in cool drinks production.
1.14.1. Advantages
 Lubricants not required.
 Simple to construct.
 Low speed motor is sufficient
 Easy maintenance.
 Less skilled operator is sufficient.
 Noise of operation is reduced

CHAPTER TWO
2. LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1. Linkage Mechanism
A linkage is a mechanism formed by connecting two or more levers together. Linkages can
be designed to change the direction of a force or make two or more objects move at the same
time. Many different fasteners are used to connect linkages together yet allow them to move
freely such as pins, end-threaded bolts with nuts, and loosely fitted rivets. There are two
general classes of linkages: simple planar linkages and more complex specialized linkages;
both are capable of performing tasks such as describing straight lines or curves and executing
motions at differing speeds.
2.2. Simple Planar Linkages

Four different simple planar linkages shown in Fig. 1 are identified by function:
• Reverse-motion linkage, Fig. 1a, can make objects or force move in opposite directions;
this can be done by using the input link as a lever. If the fixed pivot is equidistant from the
moving pivots, output link movement will equal input link movement, but it will act in the
opposite direction. However, if the fixed pivot is not centered, output link movement will not
equal input link movement. By selecting the position of the fixed pivot, the linkage can be
designed to produce specific mechanical advantages. This linkage can also be rotated through
360°.

• Push-pull linkage, Fig. 2b, can make the objects or force move in the same direction; the
output link moves in the same direction as the input link. Technically classed as a four-bar
linkage, it can be rotated through 360° without changing its function.
Figure 2 Functions of four basic planar linkage mechanisms

• Parallel-motion linkage, Fig. 1c, can make objects or forces move in the same direction,
but at a set distance apart. The moving and fixed pivots on the opposing links in the
parallelogram must be equidistant for this linkage to work correctly. Technically classed as a
four-bar linkage, this linkage can also be rotated through 360° without changing its function.
Pantographs that obtain power for electric trains from overhead cables are based on parallel-
motion linkage. Drawing pantographs that permit original drawings to be manually copied
without tracing or photocopying are also adaptations of this linkage; in its simplest form it
can also keep tool trays in a horizontal position when the toolbox covers are opened.
• Bell-crank linkage, Fig. 1d, can change the direction of objects or force by 90°. This
linkage rang doorbells before electric clappers were invented. More recently this mechanism
has been adapted for bicycle brakes. This was done by pinning two bell cranks bent 90° in
opposite directions together to form tongs. By squeezing the two handlebar levers linked to
the input ends of each crank, the output ends will move together. Rubber blocks on the output
ends of each crank press against the wheel rim, stopping the bicycle. If the pins which form a

fixed pivot are at the midpoints of the cranks, link movement will be equal. However, if
those distances vary, mechanical advantage can be gained.
2.3. Crank-rocker mechanism for box transport mechanism

The four bar linkage is the simplest and often times, the most useful mechanism. As we
mentioned before, a mechanism composed of rigid bodies and lower pairs is called a linkage.
In planar mechanisms, there are only two kinds of lower pairs: Revolute pairs and prismatic
pairs.
The simplest closed-loop linkage is the four bar linkage which has four members, three
moving links, one fixed link and four pin joints. A linkage that has at least one fixed link is a
mechanism.
Figure 3 Crank-Rocker Mechanism

This mechanism has four moving links. Two of the links are pinned to the frame which is not
shown in this picture. In Sim Design, links can be nailed to the background thereby making
them into the frame.
How many DOF does this mechanism have? If we want it to have just one, we can impose
one constraint on the linkage and it will have a definite motion. The four bar linkage is the
simplest and the most useful mechanism.
Reminder: A mechanism is composed of rigid bodies and lower pairs called linkages. In
planar mechanisms there are only two kinds of lower pairs: turning pairs and prismatic pairs.

2.4. Functions of Linkages

The function of a link mechanism is to produce rotating, oscillating, or reciprocating motion
from the rotation of a crank or vice versa. Stated more specifically linkages may be used to
convert:
 Continuous rotation into continuous rotation, with a constant or variable angular

velocity ratio.
 Continuous rotation into oscillation or reciprocation (or the reverse), with a constant
or variable velocity ratio.
 Oscillation into oscillation, or reciprocation into reciprocation, with a constant or
variable velocity ratio.
Linkages have many different functions, which can be classified according on the primary
goal of the mechanism:
 Function generation: the relative motion between the links connected to the frame,
 Path generation: the path of a tracer point, or
 Motion generation: the motion of the coupler link.
2.5. Four Link Mechanisms

One of the simplest examples of a constrained linkage is the four-link mechanism. A variety
of useful mechanisms can be formed from a four-link mechanism through slight variations,
such as changing the character of the pairs, proportions of links, etc. Furthermore, many
complex link mechanisms are combinations of two or more such mechanisms. The majority
of four-link mechanisms fall into one of the following two classes:
 The four-bar linkage mechanism, and
 The slider-crank mechanism.

2.5.1. Definitions
In the range of planar mechanisms, the simplest groups of lower pair mechanisms are four
bar linkages. A four bar linkage comprises four bar-shaped links and four turning pairs as
shown in figure 3.
Figure 4 Four bar linkage

The link opposite the frame is called the coupler link, and the links which are hinged to the
frame are called side links. A link which is free to rotate through 360 degree with respect to a
second link will be said to revolve relative to the second link (not necessarily a frame). If it is
possible for all four bars to become simultaneously aligned, such a state is called a change
point.
Some important concepts in link mechanisms are:
 Crank: A side link which revolves relative to the frame is called a crank.
 Rocker: Any link which does not revolve is called a rocker.
 Crank-rocker mechanism: In a four bar linkage, if the shorter side link
revolves and the other one rocks (i.e., oscillates), it is called a crank-rocker
mechanism.
 Double-crank mechanism: In a four bar linkage, if both of the side links
revolve, it is called a double-crank mechanism.
 Double-rocker mechanism: In a four bar linkage, if both of the side links
rock, it is called a double-rocker mechanism.
2.6. Transmission Angle
In Figure 4, if AB is the input link, the force applied to the output link, CD, is transmitted
through the coupler link BC. (That is, pushing on the link CD imposes a force on the link AB,
which is transmitted through the link BC.) For sufficiently slow motions (negligible inertia

forces), the force in the coupler link is pure tension or compression (negligible bending
action) and is directed along BC. For a given force in the coupler link, the torque transmitted
to the output bar (about point D) is maximum when the angle between coupler bar BC and
output bar CD is /2. Therefore, angle BCD is called transmission angle.
Figure 5 Transmission angle
When the transmission angle deviates significantly from /2, the torque on the output bar
decreases and may not be sufficient to overcome the friction in the system. For this reason,
the deviation angle =| /2- | should not be too great. In practice, there is no definite upper
limit for , because the existence of the inertia forces may eliminate the undesirable force
relationships that are present under static conditions.

CHAPTER THREE
3. METHODOLOGY
Methodology to design and fabricate dishes transport mechanism:
Figure 6 Flows chart diagram
The flow chart starts with the introduction. Here, the introduction is first plan to start the
project. The supervisor request for understanding of the project and make the design about
the project title. We make project synopsis, objective, and scope of work, problem statement
and planning. Once the introduction is done, the supervisor request for the understanding of
the project. Thus, literature review on the title is done thoroughly covering all the aspect of
the project. The medium for this project are via internet and books. Essential information
related to the project is gathered for referencing. In conceptualization, few designs are done
using the sketching which is then saved to be reviewed. Sketch a multi view concepts
suitable for the project with an assembly and understanding. The sketching is first step for
designer used of the time.

The designs and concepts are than reviewed and recalculated to fit the best dimensions and
performance of recycle dishes transport mechanism. After four design sketched, design
consideration have been made and one design have been chosen. The selected design
sketched is then transfer to solid modelling and drawing using CAD Software application.
Software is used because it gives a better dimension of dishes transport mechanism compared
to manual draw and is much easier to use. However, the drawing using software is just a
guideline to be followed to improve the design and fabrication of dishes transport
mechanism. After draw is done, the project proceeds to next step that is fabrication process.
The finished drawing and sketching is used as a reference by following the measurement and
the type of material needed.
The fabrication process that involved is cutting, drilling, welding and others. After every
process was finished, the parts are check to make sure that the output of the process obeys the
product requirement. If all the parts had been processed, the parts are joined together to
produce dish transport mechanism. Then after come to the analysis processes. After all parts
had been joined together and analysis, the last phase of process that is result and discussion.
In result and discussion, the draft report and the entire related article are gathered and hand
over to the supervisor for error checking. For the conclusion, the finish product will be
compare with the report to make sure that there is no mistake on both project and report.
After the product and report had been approved by the supervisor, the report is rearranged
and prints out to submit at supervisor, the project coordinator and Department of Mechanical
Engineering. In this stage, the final presentation was also being prepared and waited to be
present.

CHAPTER FOUR
4. CONSIDERATION
4.1. Ethical Consideration
Ethics is a branch of philosophy that defines morality and determines the meaning and rational
justification of the right way to live, correct values as well as correct ways of treating others. Work
ethics is being personally accountable and responsible for work that someone does. It involves
attitude, behavior, communication and interaction with others. It is also being respecting and
accepting ideas from others. Work ethics is a value based on hard work and diligence. It is also a
belief in the moral benefit of work and its ability to enhance character. A work ethic may include
being reliable, having initiative, or pursuing new skills.
 So the project does not have the effect on the ethics of the social, psychological
wellbeing of the peoples, community.
4.2. Environmental Consideration
 The project is free from the environmental effects air pollution, water pollution and so
on since the operation is done by electric power.
4.3. Gender Consideration
Gender describes the sexual diversity or difference of men and women in the project.
 The project does not differentiate men and female for operation since it is electrically
automated switch operation after design
3.2MATERIAL SELECTION
In general selection of pipe materials is based on the following
1) Strength of pipe, as measured by the capacity to with stand internal and external pressure.
2) Durability in the face of cracking, erosion, corrosion and disintegration.
3) Safety
4) Easy or difficult in handling and transportation.
5) Availability of related resources.
6) Costs.
7) Environmental issues related to corrosion inhibition and other chemical treatments.

8) Evaluation of failure probabilities, failure modes, criticalities and consequences.

Attention shall be paid to any adverse effects material selection may have on human health,
environment, safety and material assets.
9) Weight reduction
10) System availability requirements
11) Operating conditions
3.2.1SELECTION OF PIPE MATERIAL

According to the above the above criteria this project will choose Fiber Reinforced Plastics
for water pipes . Because
 FRP have properties and capabilities that metals lack and they usually cost less than
their metals counterparts: austenitic stainless steels, high nickel content alloys, or
titanium.
 FRP is one-fourth the density of steel
 FRP is easy to repair and does not necessitate arc welding in hazardous areas
 The dielectric properties of FRP means that it can be used safely where electrical
conductivity cannot be tolerated
 The anisotropic nature of FRP (different physical properties in different directions)
enables the engineer to align the fiber reinforcement with the principal strain field,
thus making the equipment stronger and lighter than a corresponding steel fabrication.
 The applications of composites are not limited to fiber reinforced plastics, either
 Its corrosion resistance
3.2.2Selection of motor
From the fluid power which is the motor power is specified
AC induction motor -60 watt single phase

 Can be used with speed controller

 Cw or ccw selectable by wiring or additional switch
 230-240 VAC 50Hz single phase- 0.52Amp max
 60 watt continuous output power
 RPM maximum 1350- Rpm minimum :90 (with speed controller )
 Enclosed motor body –external cooling fan
 Quite operation
 Shaft Ø12mmx37mm with 4mm removable key
 Face mounting center- radial:52mm@90 degree (73.54mm tangential square ) with
4xØ7mm holes
 Weight 2.8kg
 Over all dimension excluding shaft –L135can be used with optional mounting bracket
And the motor selection is depends on the fluid power and other effect like friction on pipes
and due to elevation
Fig. 3.1 simple motor
The speed of the motor is between the range of 90-1350rpm

Then take the average in order to calculate Inertia force due to reciprocating masses,
1000rpm

3.2.3SELECTION IF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL

i. Module type ……………………………………….. 2v/30wp
ii. Max-power…………………………………………..30wp
iii. Cell type……………………………………………….. ploy/mono crystalline silicon
cell1
iv. Cell number……………………………………………36 cell
v. Max-system voltage…………………………………..1000v
vi. Power tolerance………………………………………….. ±3%
vii. Surface max-load capacity……………………………….60m/s
viii. Weight………………………………………………………3.9kg
ix. Glass dimension……………………………………………455mmx670mmx3.3mm
3.2.4 SELECTION OF BATTERY

i. Classification……………………………………………………manganese dioxide
lithium primary battery
ii. Battery system…………………………………………………..coin type
iii. Battery type…………………………………………………….CR2430
iv. Nominal voltage………………………………………………….220v
v. Weight……………………………………………………………..4.5kg
vi. Usable temperature range………………………………….-20c0 to 170c0
vii. Storage temperature range………………………… …….0c0 to 50c0

CHAPTER FIVE
5. WORK PLAN
A work plan is a work schedule that estimates how long each task will take. This can be
discussed in details on the table below
Table 1 work plan format
N Activity Time frame works in months

o March April June

No
1 Collecting the materials
2 Fabricating and buying of components
 Steel Frame
 Linkages
 Dc Adaptor
 Dc motor
 Bolt and Nut
 Bearings
3 Process for fabrication
 Welding
 Steel Cutting
 Drilling
4 Assembling the Components
CHAPTER FIVE
6. BUDGET
A budget may include items such as the cost of parts design of the frames, linkages, software
and other related parameters.
Table 2 Budget break down for the study
No. Component Quantity Unit price

(in birr)
1 Electric motors 1 1100

2 Linkages and steel frames 1 1500
3 Bearings 2 2500
4 Bolt and Nut 6 1000
Total cost 7100
CHAPTER FOUR
4.1Cost break down (cost estimation)
4.1.1FOR CHLORINE TANK
Chlorine contact tank is selected from the standards after knowing of its carrying capacity.
Materiel type …………….FRP fiber glass septic tank for chlorine contact tank
Carrying capacity = A x L = 0.13m3 (area A = 0.0865m2 and length L 1.5m)
Place of origin …….china
Brand name ………success tank
Model number ……..0.2m3
Working life time …….25 year
Color……………….. ….white
Thickness ……………….5mm
Cost ……………………….$16 or 368 birr

4.1.2For piston
Materiel type ………… Transparent cast acrylic sheet of Plexiglas
Diameter of outer…………………….0.126m
Diameter of inner …………………..0.116m
Thickness……………………….0.005m
Area……………………0.000314m2
Volume ……………..0.0002512m3
Density ……………. 1.9g/cm3 = 1190kg/m3
Density= mass/volume
Mass = density x volume
= 1190kg/m3 x 0.000314m3
= 0.4kg
Price = 2.3/kg
Cost = $1 or 23 birr
4.1.3FOR SHAFT
Materiel type ………………..cast iron 40 C
Diameter ……………………..40mm
Area ………πD2/4
= 1256mm2
Volume = area x length

= 1256mm2 x 350mm
= 4396600mm3
Density ……………7.87g/cm3
Density= mass/volume
Mass = 0.4396 x10-3m3 x 7.87kg/m3
= 3.4kg
Price = $1.33 per kg
Cost = $5 or 115birr
4.1.4FOR ROD
Materiel type ………………..cast iron 40 C
Diameter ……………………..60mm
Area = πr2
= 3.14 x 900mm2
= 2826mm2
Volume = area x length
= 2826mm2 x 359mm
= 988100mm3
Price of cast iron = $1.33
Mass = 0.2kg
Cost = $0.3 or 7birr

4.1.5FOR SPUR GEAR (TWO SPUR GEAR)

Materiel type……………………………..cast iron 40 C
Diameter …………………………………… 40mm
Density …………………………………. 7.87g/cm3
Volume = πD2x t /4
= 0.0000012m3
Mass = 0.1kg x 2
= 0.2kg
Price = $1.33per kg
4.1.6BEVEL GEAR
Diameter …………………………………… 30mm
Density …………………………………. 7.87g/cm3
Thickness = 5mm
Volume = πD2x t /4
= 3.5 x 103m3
= 0.28kg
Price = $1.33per kg

4.2FOR WHEEL
Diameter ……………………………….50mm
Thickness………………………..5mm
Volume = πD2x t /4
= 9817.5mm3Density ………………………………….7.87g/cm3Mass = mass x volume
= 0.1kg
No Name Material Length (L) Width (W) in Area (A) in Heig Volume Density Co
type or thickness m m2 ht (V) in (D) in st
(t) in m (H) m3 kg/m3 in
in m bir
r
1 Piston FRP 0.2m/0.005m Do=0.126m/di 0.00314 0.00025 1190 23
plastic/pelx =0.116m 12
iglass
2 Gear (spur Cast iron T=5mm D=0.04 0.00024 0.00000
and bevel 40c 12 17
gear)
3 Rod Cast D=0.006 0.0028 - 0.00098 7.87*10 8
3
iron40c 81
4 Shaft Cast iron D=40mm 0.01256 4.0043 0.01256 115
5 Chlorine FRP plastic 1.5m/0.005 - 0.0865m2 1.5m 0.13m3 - 368

tank
6 Wheel Cast iron
3
7 Joint 30
8 Piston Transparent
cast acrylic 23
sheet
9 manufacturi 300
ng 0
- Tot
al=
360
0
Table6of Cost estimation sheet
 Note the total cost of the machine is 3600birr but as gathered information from the
providers the cost of the machine is 13317birr
7. REFERENCES
1. http://www.mekanizmalar.com/transport01.html
2. http://projectseminars.org/report-box-transport-mechanism-project-report-in-pdf
3. http://seminarprojects.com/s/box-transport-mechanism
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tDLof06nBjU

5. “A Review on Kinematic and Dynamic Analysis of Mechanism” by Shrikant R. Patel,

D. S. Patel, B. D. Patel Research Scholar, Associate Professor, Assistant Professor
6. “Dynamic modeling and identification of a slider-crank mechanism” by Jih-Lian Haa,
Rong-Fong Fungb, Kun-Yung Chenb , Shao-Chien Hsienb
7. “Kinematics and kinetic analysis of the slider-crank mechanism in otto linear four
cylinder Z24 engine” Mohammad Ranjbarkohan, Mansour Rasekh , Abdol Hamid
Hoseini , Kamran Kheiralipour and Mohammad Reza Asadi
8. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crank_(mechanism)
9. A Text Book of Automobile Engineering by R. K. Rajput
10. A Text Book of Theory of Machines by R. S. Khurmi, J.K. Gupta
11. CONCLUSION
The box transporting mechanism system plays a major role in Madda Walabu University Cafeteria,
the process of transporting or shifting from one place to another is being maintained by human
efforts only. So we just successfully want to alter this with a box transporting mechanism using the
kinematics links and a motor. We use basic mechanical knowledge and design capabilities to make it
possible. Thus this project work will be useful in all Cafeterias. For practical application its height,
weight are suitable for dishes transportation. But with time and with few modifications as the
prototype will demand in future, it’s efficiency and capabilities could be enhanced.

Proposal For Dish Transport Mechanism1

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Proposal For Dish Transport Mechanism1

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DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF DISHES TRANSPORT

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ii

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING iii

5. WORK PLAN .............................................................................................................................. 17

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING iv

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING v

Figure 1 design concept for dish transport mechanism ............................................................ 3

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING vi

DOF- Degree of Freedom

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING vii

1.3. Stakeholders and Beneficiary

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 1

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2

Figure 1 design concept for dish transport mechanism

1.11. Working Principle

1.12. Expected Outcome

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 3

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 4

2.2. Simple Planar Linkages

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 5

Figure 2 Functions of four basic planar linkage mechanisms

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 6

2.3. Crank-rocker mechanism for box transport mechanism

Figure 3 Crank-Rocker Mechanism

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 7

2.4. Functions of Linkages

 Continuous rotation into continuous rotation, with a constant or variable angular

 Path generation: the path of a tracer point, or

 Motion generation: the motion of the coupler link.

2.5. Four Link Mechanisms

 The four-bar linkage mechanism, and

 The slider-crank mechanism.

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 8

Figure 4 Four bar linkage

Some important concepts in link mechanisms are:

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 9

Figure 5 Transmission angle

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 10

Figure 6 Flows chart diagram

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 11

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 12

2) Durability in the face of cracking, erosion, corrosion and disintegration.

4) Easy or difficult in handling and transportation.

5) Availability of related resources.

7) Environmental issues related to corrosion inhibition and other chemical treatments.

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 13

8) Evaluation of failure probabilities, failure modes, criticalities and consequences.

10) System availability requirements

11) Operating conditions

3.2.1SELECTION OF PIPE MATERIAL

AC induction motor -60 watt single phase

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 14

 Can be used with speed controller

Fig. 3.1 simple motor

The speed of the motor is between the range of 90-1350rpm

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 15

3.2.3SELECTION IF PHOTOVOLTAIC CELL

3.2.4 SELECTION OF BATTERY

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 16

Table 1 work plan format

N Activity Time frame works in months

MADDA WALABU UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 17