Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mechanical June 4
Double Parking
System
By
2012 Double Parking System for:
Khalid Alhosani Mechanical Engineering Design
Mubarak Alsuwaidi MECH N450
Dr. Yw Chan
Tariq Aljanahi
Waleed Alyafaie ggc@windowslive.com
Sager Almasabi
Mechanical Double Parking System 2012
`
1 Contents
2 Abstract ................................................................................................................................................. 5
3 Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 5
4 Project management design ................................................................................................................. 6
4.1 Business Model ............................................................................................................................. 6
4.2 Operation Model........................................................................................................................... 6
4.3 Scope of statement ....................................................................................................................... 7
4.4 Project Objective:.......................................................................................................................... 7
4.5 Deliverables................................................................................................................................... 7
4.6 Milestones..................................................................................................................................... 7
4.7 Technical requirements ................................................................................................................ 7
4.8 Limits and exclusions .................................................................................................................... 8
4.9 Customer review ........................................................................................................................... 8
4.10 Priority Matrix ............................................................................................................................... 9
4.11 Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 9
4.12 Time-constrain ............................................................................................................................ 10
4.13 Scope-enhance ............................................................................................................................ 10
4.14 Cost-accept ................................................................................................................................. 10
4.15 Stakeholders register .................................................................................................................. 11
4.16 Work breakdown structure......................................................................................................... 12
4.17 WBS Dictionary ........................................................................................................................... 13
4.18 Time Estimation Technique ........................................................................................................ 16
4.19 Resource requirements............................................................................................................... 19
4.19.1 People ................................................................................................................................. 19
4.19.2 Nonperson resources .......................................................................................................... 20
4.20 Communication plan ................................................................................................................... 22
4.21 Change Management .................................................................................................................. 23
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4.21.1 Process ................................................................................................................................ 23
4.22 Risk management........................................................................................................................ 24
2 Abstract
Due to the increase in the number of vehicles on the road, traffic problems are bound
to exist. This is due to the fact that the current transportation infrastructure and car park facility
developed are unable to cope with the influx of vehicles on the road. To alleviate the
aforementioned problems, the smart card parking system has been developed. With the
implementation of the parking system, patrons can easily locate and secure a vacant parking
space at any car park deemed convenient to them. Here in UAE and especially inside Abudhai
city a significant growth in many life sector lead highly expansion in population as a result of
that, a raped increase in cars number that used. The thought of alternative method for car parking
is caused by that exciting parking area provided is not enough to handle that growth in cars
number.
3 Introduction
The number of cars on roads is increasing continuously and rapidly from the recent years;
unfortunately most parking spaces did not increase as the cars did ending up with endless
parking problems. As mechanical engineering students, we hope that our contribution finds
acceptance in solving this problem that is really complicated in our country.
Automated Car Parking is a method of automatically parking and retrieving cars that
typically use a system of pallets and lifts. The intention is to compact more cars in the same
space, reduce the space needed to park the same number of cars. Automated car parks can be
situated above or below ground or a combination of both.
As the system removes the need for driveways and ramps, the floor area and the volume
of the parking station itself can be more efficiently used .Automated parking systems can be
designed to fit above or below ground, allowing for flexible usage of land space; this means the
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footprint can be reduced to one-third of the land required by conventional car parking solutions.
Cost effective on a number of fronts, Automated parking systems are about making the best use
of available space above and below ground. With less environment impact and time impact,
MECH N450 Dr. Yw Chan | HCT, Abu Dhabi
Mechanical Double Parking System 2012
reduced opportunities for theft and vandalism and real cost benefits, automatic parking is the
new watchword in urban planning .There is an overwhelming need for these systems because of
increasing traffic. These systems can be integrated with in consumer based electronic devices.
The individual components are installed inside this structure for its operation.
In our project, we have given a finished project design about double parking system. We
have been asked to build this project. We don’t really know whether the project will success or
not. We have tried to build it but it wasn’t work because the platform wasn’t straight what it
moves. In this case, we have designed new double parking system that has better mechanical
movement and more safety. It also ensures smooth movement and straight platform movement.
With this system, we are sure that it will increase the capacity of parking areas inside Abu Dhabi.
Abu Dhabi has idea to increase the parking areas by making a building that has only
parking for cars. This is good idea. However, the costs of making building are very expensive. It
need a lot of time to return the budget. The ministry of transportation has significant interest on
solutions to the car parking problems. They will study the project after it finish and will decide
whether it is acceptable and useful in Abu Dhabi.
The double parking system is only useful in open areas. That’s because on building, it will
take more height which takes more space so it’s not very useful. The double parking system will
not be operated by the drivers. Therefore, there will be trained parking service supervisor to
operate and park the cars to ensure more safety because we can’t rely on customers.
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4.5 Deliverables
1. Main frame
2. Platform
3. Control system
4. Integration
5. Documentation
4.6 Milestones
4.7
Technical requirements
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1. The scale design with in 1:10.
2. The car weight should be uniformly disturbance on the plate form.
1. The model car should have height, length and width of 30 cm, 50 cm and 25 cm
respectively.
2. Maximum weight that parking system can withstand is 5 kg.
3. The model design should be made so that it can be fixed without changing existence
floor.
4. Parking system should be only in open area.
5. Upper cars should be parallel to the floor service
6. It shouldn’t make pollution
7. It must not touch the ground or change anything of it.
Constrain
Enhance
Accept
4.11 Summary
One of the courses requires us to build a mechanical parking system. The number of the cars
is increasing in Abu Dhabi and this will make the roads busy and not so many parking areas are
available. As mechanical engineering students, we are seeking to solve this kind of problem in
our country. The main objective of this project is to redesign and build a mechanical parking
system to get rid of the problem in Abu Dhabi. The idea is about having a system that lift a car
above another car. It’s like two cars above each other. As you can see from (table 1), we will
analysis from project management prospect.
4.12 Time-constrain
As this project is one of my courses requirements, we as a group must finish it on week 15,
otherwise we can’t success this course and we can’t graduate. We even only have two hours
weekly just to build the project. Two hours are not enough to build a serious project. Therefore,
we decided to work in our free time. The project is not real big project, it’s only prototype.
However, it needs a lot of work such as welding which will take long time.
4.13 Scope-enhance
As I said above, we will redesign the project. Our teacher gave us a completed mechanical
parking system design that has been made 3 years ago by HCT students and he told us to build
it. However, not any documents design can be built. We are not sure that this design will work.
We can only be sure when we build it and check whether it works or not. We have decided to
build a toy-type, even smaller than prototype just to check the performance. It appeared that
this project should have a lot of editing and it should be enhanced and redesigned. The given
design wasn’t successful so we redesigned completely.
4.14 Cost-accept
The frame of the project is consisting of normal materials and it doesn’t have a lot of pieces.
The only parts that will costs are the motors that will lift the car to up and move the car down
to the ground. Beside, most the materials we need are in the mechanical workshop in higher
college of technology as well as the final project will be small as a prototype not the actual one.
In short, the project itself will not cost a lot of money so it doesn’t need strong budget. 10
Dr. Yiu Chan Supervisor Mechanical Supervising External Weekly Meeting Successful Influencer
Engineering Building
Department
Mohammed Assistant Mechanical Supporter Internal Daily Meetings Good Supporter
Ameen workshop Measurement
Faisal Assistant Mechanical Supporter Internal Daily Meetings Good Welding Supporter
workshop
Khalid Team Mechanical Fabrication, Internal Daily Meetings To solve lack of Influencer
Alhosani Leader Engineering Driving gears parking inside
assemble Abu Dhabi city
Mubarak Team Mechanical Building the internal Daily Meetings Good Influencer
Alsuwaidi Member Engineering frame Designing
Tariq janahi Team Mechanical Design Internal Daily Meetings The project Influencer
Member Engineering Calculation won’t success
Sager Team Mechanical Selection and Internal Daily Meetings It will provide Influencer
Almusabi Member Engineering Sizing us good
experience
Waleed Team Mechanical Building the Internal Daily Meetings Good quality Influencer
Alyafaie Member Engineering frame project
Table 2, stakeholders register that shows all the people who are involved in the project and their information
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12
Level Tasks
1 Mechanical Car Parking System
2 Select project Design details Build and Testing Report and
design fabrication presentation
3 Analyze design AutoCAD Build Frame Operation Prepare
structure drawings testing report hard
copy
4 Selecting frame Design Build platform Adjustment Power point
model calculation and correction presentation
5 Parking Driving gears Solo test
dimension selection
6 Structure Monitoring and Test with load
drawing control
7 Force analyses
8 Material
selection
Table 4, further information of the network
Select the main concept of the project and method to be use to operate project. By seeing the
excising car parking project, we have to select suitable method for the project.
1.4. Testing: 14
Test the performance of the system’s operation.
15
1.3.5- Painting : 4 20
1.4. Testing: 8 45
Cost Estimate
Table 6, it shows the cost estimate for all the project parts.
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After we have indentified the activities involved in the double parking system, we need
to determine the sequence of these activities and the possible resources that needed to
accomplish our project. There are a lot of resources such as people, material and other supplies.
4.18.1 People
WBS Activity Skills Name of Skills level Deliverable Effort Start End Cost
needed person days date date
1.2.1 Soft copy Auto Cad Sager Intermediate Project 8 Feb 2 Mar 5 $150
of drawing drawing
The (table 7) goes beyond simply matching activities and skills. It also contains columns for the
names of the people who will execute an activity, their skills level, the deliverable that they are
expected to produce, the date on which they can start and finish, and their cost.
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- AutoCad software
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21
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The process of making the first design was failed. As I said before, the platform wasn’t
straight whenever it moves. Therefore, we moved to another design and modified it in better
way. After that, we found that the movement is smooth and the platform was leveled.
1. Increase the working times hours because we need to start again new design.
2. Buy new material for the new design.
3. Draw new AutoCad design for the new idea.
4. The budget has been increased after the change because a lot of pieces have been added to the
project.
1-Getting the
list
4- Risk 2-Assign
Suavity likelihood
matrix and impact
3-Risk
response
matrix
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25
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5
4 Time not long
enough
3 Concept of Fabricated System
project not parts not fit in unable to
applicable place handle load
Likelihood
2 Defect on one
of moving
part while
operating
1 Short circuit Late delivery
During for parts +
operation Shortage in
men power
Score 1 2 3 4 5
Impact
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Factor Description
Product Factors
Accessibility That ability of authorized users to access parking system
whenever and wherever they need access.
Correctness The extent to which parking system satisfies its
specifications and fulfils the user’s objectives.
Efficiency The extent to which parking system performs its intended
function with a minimum consumption of computing
resources.
Expandability The ease with which parking system can be modified to add
functionality. Also the ability of the system to process
increasing volumes of data without noticeable fluctuations in
performance.
Integrity The extent to which parking system safeguards against
unauthorized access to or modification of software or data.
Interoperability The ability of parking system to exchange information with
double parking system and to mutually use the information
that has been exchanged.
Maintainability The extent to which the parking system components can be
maintained over their expected useful life.
Portability The extent to which parking system can be transferred to
new operating environments, hardware platforms and
operating systems.
Presentability The extent to which the aesthetic (visual and artistic)
qualities of parking system present the desired image.
Profitability The ability of parking system to positively impact the
productivity and profitability of ministry of transportation, or
HCT, or double parking system.
Reliability The ability of parking system to perform a required function
under stated conditions for a stated period of time.
Reusability The extent to which modules of code can be used in multiple
applications.
Usability The extent to which the functional components delivered by
parking system are understandable and applicable by the
end-users.
Process Factors
Financial The extent to which parking system meets its financial
Performance targets.
Timeliness The extent to which parking system is delivered in a
timeframe which meets parking system’s requirements.
Resource The extent to which the optimal resources are assigned to
Effectiveness parking system to ensure quality, on-time delivery.
Future Business The extent to which Ministry of Transportation is likely to
Potential provide a positive reference to other potential customers
Table 15, quality management plan
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Requirements A R R C C I
Gathering
Coding Design A R C I I
Coding Input A R C I
Software A R C I I
Testing
Network A C R I I
Preparation
Implementation A C R C C C
Conduct A R C C
Training
Key:
R – Responsible for completing the work.
A – Accountable for ensuring task completion/sign off.
C – Consulted before any decisions are made.
I – Informed of when an action/decision has been made.
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Stacker System.
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6 Project phases
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Phase 1 • Initiating
• Planning
phase 2
• Execution
phase 3
• Closing
phase 5
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Phase 4 - Controlling
Phase 5 - Closing
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7 Conceptual Design
7.1 Design Requirement
Space gained can be used for green space and open areas to meet LEED
standards
The Car parking System offers security for both individual and car
The design of a system gives users premium valet service without the valet
Automatic parking reduces CO2 emissions and other pollutants and greenhouse
gases
Flexible design allows the automated parking garage to fit into any
neighborhood or project
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8 Embodiment design
Primary
sub-system
Steel Motors
structure
Cable and
pulley Cable and
Lifting arms pulley
Upper
platform
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Rollers
bearings
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9 Calculations
Pulley calculation
With a single pulley, the pulley must be able to move so that mechanical advantage can be increased. Furthermore, the
pulley is turned upside-down.
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Figure 7, shows side view calculation of the torque that connected to the
platform.
Ideal
pulley
Weight of
car
Motor
pulley
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First case
We have Ɵ = 10, y = 50 N since we suppose the weight of the car is 5 kg multiply by 10.
Second case:
Third case:
Fourth case:
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Fifth case:
This done by
formula: cos Ɵ =
First case:
Second case:
50
We have Ɵ = 45o, x = 50 N
Fourth case:
Fifth case:
We have Ɵ = 90o, x = 0 N
Now, we need to calculate f(y) for all five cases. ( (x) is the case number and f(y) is the force act on the
motor pulley).
We have H1 = 388.9 N
Second case:
Third case:
We have H3= 50 N
Fourth case:
Fifth case:
We have H5 = 0
We have the diameter of the pulley which is 0.022 m. We also have the formula :
T = F(y) . D
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T4= F(y4) . D = 28.9 X 0.022 = 0.64 N.m
Figure 10
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Yellow arm
= 1.29 m2
Red arm
Platform
A = length X width
Frame
A = Length x width
For calculating the mass, we used the electric balance where we weighed the arms, platform,
motor, and the plat form individually then added it up to form the whole mass.
Note: (yellow arm means the rear arms and the red arms means the front arms with semi-
circular).
Mass Area Quantity
Kg m2
Yellow arm 0.38 1.29 2
Red arm 0.39 1.71 2
Platform 0.41 24.5 1
Motor 1.4 - 1
Frame 4.27 23.6 1
Prototype 6.85
Table 25, it shows the aread and the mass of parts of the frame
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Bow path
Straight line path
Bow path:
the main aim is to produce an bow with an angle of 60 °, and this can be made by dividing a a
circle into four parts, and then choose a a quarter, then divide the quarter into to angles, one is of
30° and the other is of 60°.
60 °
30
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The bow path determined the path direction toward the ground, where the angle (60 °)
determined the inclination of track which will decrease the speed of the platform when
descending. This process was chosen from the safety aspect because with gravity, the falling
motion will increase.
60 ° Falling motion
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50 cm 62 cm
The structure of the car park system is design with certain requirements to withstand weight of
the car on a plat form, the main purpose of the car park system is to save parking spaces by
lifting one car above the other with sharing the same car park slot. So we the FEA (finite element
analysis) are introduced. The finite element method is a good choice for solving partial
differential equations over complicated domains (like cars and oil pipelines), when the domain
changes (as during a solid state reaction with a moving boundary), when the desired precision
varies over the entire domain, or when the solution lacks smoothness.
ANSYS is used because it offers a comprehensive range of engineering simulation solution sets
providing access to virtually any field of engineering simulation that a design process requires,
and by this it will assess the design from a set of calculations regarding the movement, and
materials.
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Alloy 1018 is the most commonly available of the cold-rolled steels. It is generally available in
round rod, square bar, and rectangle bar. It has a good combination of all of the typical traits of
steel - strength, some ductility, and comparative ease of machining. Chemically, it is very similar
to A36 Hot Rolled steel, but the cold rolling process creates a better surface finish and better
properties.
Our conditions are to have a safety factor of 3 and a high tensile strength of 440 MPA, so the
platform will carry three times the weight of the car.
We selected mild steel for our frame because it is has a low price while can be used in many
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applications. This kind of steel contains 0.18%, therefore it’s neither brittle nor ductile. It is
cheap and malleable. The surface hardness can be increased by carburizing(is a heat treatment
Its often used when large amount of steel are needed, for example as structural steel. The density
of mild steel is 7,861.093 Kg/m3 , the tensile strength is a maximum of 500 Mpa and the young’s
modulus is 210,000 MPA.
Note: these dimensions are selected without considering the frame thickness.
11 Motor selection
In our design, we have one motor for the movement process, such as it is responsible for the
upward and downward movement by pulleys and cables. Where the tension in the cable must be
kept constant to ensure stability of the car on the platform.
= 6.85 x 9.81
=67.2 N
= 4.278 (calculated)
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Power Torque (T) = Torque (N.m) x angular speed (rad/s)
= 4.278
To prevent scratch and direct contact with the ground we installed rubber stands under the platform as
displayed in the following figure.
Rubber stands
The diameter for the circular rubber base or stand is d= 8cm and the thickness is 1cm. this
product is easy to find if ordered from small shops that manufacture rubber.
Our winch system is using a polyethylene fishing line as connecting rope for the weight lift up
during ascending and descending process. This cable is passing through many pulleys in which
the main purpose of them is to change and re dispute the force direction and also guiding the
cable that is connecting the winch drum and upper platform.
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The previous figure shows that the car system has three pulleys. The cable is connected to the
motor winch assembly and extends along the pulleys. The motor will move the line in a clock
wise and counter clock wise motion, the clock wise motion will move the platform downward
where the counter clock wise direction wise direction will move the platform upward.
As you can see from figure 11, we extracted our design from
the mideavil castle gate and developed it to do more
applications such as carrying object, the same principle apply
in our project but with more accessories and modifications like
the motor, different material selections.
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Basically the cable sizing was determined on the safety factor which was chosen to be
three, and because we designed a frame that can withstand 50kg, it was appropriate to choose a
cable that can carry up to 150 kg, so due to such requirements we chose the HARUNA
SEAMASTER HARD LEADER, This leader material has been developed, through its special
hardening, for the roughest fishing in deep sea, ledges, coral and mussel reefs. It sticks stiffly out
from the main line and holds the hook in the correct position. With such a high breaking strain
(180 kg at just 1.60 mm diameter), even a Halibut of 150 kg would not be a problem. Haruna
Seamaster Hard Leader is even successfully used in professional fishing and valued for its
transparency.
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Most braided lines have very low stretch of between 1% and 8% allowing unique and
direct control and contact to your bait. Just for predator fishing with modern methods, such as
drop shot fishing, a well braided line is without doubt the best line to use. An important issue to
consider however that is a low-stretch-line means a much higher load on the unit, because each
strike goes directly through the rod and reel. It means that with braided lines it is particularly
important to correctly set the reel brake. Our tip: Because of its low stretch, a braided fishing line
is not always the appropriate choice for every angling method. Every ordinary fishing reel now
has a spare spool, so we recommend filling one spool with a braid and the other one with a
monofilament, so that you are perfectly prepared for every situation.
Attributes:
• Ideal also for professional sea fishing
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As you can see from (figure 15), that shows the mechanical movement of the Aluminum
platform. Platform is placed and fit on the frame with bases that makes space between the
platform and the frame. The platform is attached with two arms of steel. The red arm which is
front from car prospect, is cut from the middle as a semi circle that is used to house the pulley.
The rear yellow arm is another is also attached for more operation control. The length of both
arms and the place of the holding determine safe operation that makes the platform move
smoothly and goes down without touching the frame or the below car. Under the platform, there
is piece of steel that is attached to both yellow arms which hole and platform and make it more
stabilized. On the front side of the project, There are 2 pulleys that is attached with a DC motor.
What drive the pulley is the cable that is attached from pulley to both rear and front arms passing
the tensioner. The purpose of the tensioner is to not make the cable loose which provide safe
movement. After the tensioner, the cables goes all the way to the small pulley on the back of the
frame that is help to pull the platform and move it. Under the platform, spring limiter is attached
to provide the possible needed spring movement. To complete the movement of pushing and
pulling the platform with safe operation, there is also another small pulleys on front side of the 64
frame that you can see it in ( figure 15) on the highest part of the frame.
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13 References
http://www.eaglesteel.com/download/techdocs/Carbon_Steel_Grades.pdf
http://www.ockert.net/download/climax_gb_2011_2012.pdf
http://www.climax-fishingline.de/EN/haruna_seamaster.html
http://www.technologystudent.com/gears1/pulley8.htm
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