A seed tells a farmer’s story

NOTES

Plants that are grown in large quantities to provide food and other useful substances are
called crops. The practice of growing plants in large scale for food and other purposes is
called agriculture.

 All crops require water, air, sunlight and fertile soil to grow properly. They are grown in
different areas and in different seasons. If same crop is grown every year at the particular
place, the soil loses its fertility as the crops use up the same nutrients every year.

 In India, crops that are grown in summer season are called Kharif crops.
Examples are rice, jowar, bajra, jute, hemp, maize, soyabean, and groundnuts.
Different fruits and vegetables are also grown in summer season.
Fruits such as mango, watermelon, and muskmelon and Vegetables like brinjal, tomato,
onion, and pumpkin are the examples of Kharif crop

 Crops that are grown in winter are called Rabi crops.

Examples are wheat, barley, oats and gram, linseed, mustard.
Fruits such as Apple, oranges and pomegranate and Vegetables like Cabbage, turnip, radish,
peas and carrots are the examples of Rabi crop.

 Harvest Festivals-

When the crop is ready and harvested, everyone celebrate together which is called Harvest
Festival.

 Some Harvest Festivals are-

Harela(In Uttarakhand),
Lohri and Baisakhi (In Punjab),
Bihu( In Assam),
Onam(In Kerala),
Pongal(In Tamil Nadu)

 Names of some spices in Hindi and English -

English Name Hindi Name

1. Turmeric Haldi
2. Black Pepper Kali Mirch
3. Red Chilli Lal Mirch
4. Fenugreek Methi
5. Cardamom Elaichi
6. Mustard Sarson
7. Saffron Kesar
8. Fennel Saunf
9. Cumin Jeera
10. Sesame Til
11.Asafoetida Heeng