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Q10. It can be unzipped by RNA polymerase and make corresponding RNA

that maybe translated proteins required by the cell. This is important

to keep the integrity of the DNA as the basis of heredity but at the

same time produce the products that are encoded in the genes.

Q11. RNA brings the information from the DNA, which is in the nucleus, and

brings it to the cytoplasm and serves as a template for protein synthesis.

Q12. The messenger RNA carries the information of the gene in the DNA

through the DNA-dependent RNA synthesis or transcription. In

eukaryotes, the mRNA moves from the nucleus to the cytoplasm,

where the information is translated into proteins with the help of

ribosomes.
• Assess the learners’ understanding by reviewing the steps of the

transcription process.

The following events will help the learners understand the process of

transcription:

• Step 1. RNA polymerase enzyme binds and opens the DNA

molecule that will be transcribed.

• Step 2. As the DNA molecule opens, the RNA polymerase slides

along the DNA strand and links free RNA nucleotides that pair with

the nitrogenous bases of the complementary DNA strand. Hence, if

the sequence of bases on the DNA strand were CCG TTA CAT, the

sequence of bases on the RNA strand would be GGC AAU GUA.

• Step 3. When the process of base-pairing is completed, the RNA

molecule breaks away as the DNA strands rejoin. The RNA leaves

the nucleus and goes to the cytoplasm. Figure 6 shows the

transcription process.

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