Name _ Mg Khant Shein Thaw

Roll No – IV Arch 4

Architectural Materials And Constructions

Stone pattern

Two main methods are used for stone walls: ashlar, where quarried stone is sawn to a
particular size and the blocks fit closely together, and rubble, where stones are used as they
are, or roughly shaped and laid with wide joints. The advantages of using stone in building
construction are-

1. Durable, Strong, Weather Resistant. No construction material is as durable, strong, or

weather resistant as stone.

2. Long Lasting. Because of its strength, durability, and ability to weather . Weather stone
lasts for a long time.

3. Aesthetic Appeal.

Various Types Of Stone Pattern

Ashlar Stone Pattern

Form is a random stone imprint that can be incorporated with columns and rounded bull nose
accent to produce a unique look in a poured concrete wall. The finished product is produced
with all-aluminum components that can be reused for more than 1000 pours. Because the
stone imprint is stamped into the forms, there is no need for liners. Also the system, with a
weight of about 31/2 lbs./sq. ft., is easy to hand set. Typical applications include barrier
fences and retaining walls.

In classical architecture, ashlar wall surfaces were often contrasted with rustication.

The term is frequently used to describe the dressed stone work of prehistoric Greece and
Crete, although the dressed blocks are usually much larger than modern ashlar.

In modern European masonry the blocks are generally about 35 centimetres (14 in) in height.
When shorter than 30 centimetres (12 in), they are usually called small ashlar.

The pattern depends partly on the type of stone and partly on the training and preference of
the stonemason.

Stone Wall Construction

Rubble stone pattern

Rubble masonry, also known as rubblework, is the use of undressed, rough stone, generally
for the construction of walls.

The most basic form of rubble masonry is dry-stone rubble walls which are very common in
rural locations and popular with landscapers looking for a traditional aesthetic. The rough, un
hewn stones are piled on top of one another without mortar, and are often laid in irregular
horizontal courses.

Alternatively, the stones can be bound with cement or lime mortar, although in this case, a
greater degree of stone selection may be required to avoid excessively wide mortar joints.
Stones can be bonded by laying longer ones both along the face and oriented lengthwise
across the depth of the wall. Selected stones are laid to form roughly square angles at quoins
and around openings.

Polygonal rubble walling is where stones are split-faced and roughly dressed to suit a specific
pattern or design. Random rubble walls involve stones of varying sizes and joint widths with
small wedge-shaped fillets bedded into the mortar between them.

Rubble masonry can also be used as the outer surface of a wall, particularly common in
medieval cathedrals and historic buildings, and as a core infill between external and internal
wall faces.
References

http://teara.govt.nz/en/diagram/8066/rubble-construction

http://www.designingbuildings.co.uk/wiki/Rubble masonry

http://www.google.com

http://www.wiki.com