GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

Programme Bachelor of Technology Branch/ Electrical Engineering
Spec.
Semester VII Version 1.0.0.0
Effective from Academic 2017-18 Effective for the batch Admitted July 2017
Year in
Subject code 2EE 702 Subject Name Power system protection & switchgear
Teaching scheme Examination scheme (Marks)
(Per Lecture(DT) Practical(Lab.) Total CE SEE Total
week)
L TU P TW
Credit 3 0 1 0 4 Theory 40 60 100
Hours 3 0 2 0 5 Practical 30 20 50
Pre-requisites:
-
Learning Outcome:
On successful completion of the subject, students should be able to
 Understand importance of protection of system and personnel.
 Identify main components, types and features of protection scheme.
 Understand the fundamentals of different protective devices.
 Acquire skill to design specific protection schemes of require for each part of a power system.
 Apply conventional and new generation relays for protection.

Theory syllabus
Unit Content Hrs
Switchgears:
1 Introduction to switchgear, Essential features, Switchgear equipments, Switchgear 03
accommodation, Short circuit, Faults in a power system.
Protective Devices:
Fuse, Characteristics of fuse Elements and materials, Important terms, Types of fuses,
Current carrying capacity of fuse element, Difference between isolator and circuit
breaker, Circuit Breakers, Arc phenomenon and arc extinction, Methods of arc
2 extinction, Arc voltage, Restriking voltage, Recovery voltage, Classification of CB, 08
Types of oil circuit breaker, Types of air blast circuit breaker,SF6 circuit breaker,
Vacuum circuit breakers, HVDC circuit breaker, Interruption of small inductive current
and capacitive current, Switchgear components, Problems of circuit interruption,
Resistance switching, Circuit breaker ratings, Testing of CB.
Different Relays, its Characteristics and Application:
Introduction, Requirements of protective relaying, Basic relays, Relay timing, Pick-up
current, Current setting, P.S.M., T.S.M., Calculation of relay operating time, Induction
3 08
type over current and directional power relay, Distance or Impedance relays, Time-
distance impedance relays, Differential relays, Current differential relays, Voltage
balance differential relay, Translay System, Types of protection.
Current Based Relaying Scheme For Transmission Line:
Over current protection, Instantaneous over current relay, Definite time over current
4 relay, Inverse definite minimum time overcurrent relay, Application of over current 07
relay, Setting rules for phase and ground relays, Scheme used in practice, Directional
protection.
Pilot Relaying:
Distance Protection: Fault distance measurement, Stepped distance characteristics,
5 08
Reach of distance relay, Selection of measuring unit, Current and Voltage connections,
Problems and remedies.
 Transmission Line: Pilot protection system, Types of pilot communications, Carrier
current protection, Blocking and unblocking carrier aided distance scheme, Transfer
tripping carrier aided distance scheme.
Apparatus Protection Scheme:
Alternator protection, Differential protection, Balanced earth fault protection, Stator
6 inter-turn protection, Protective systems for transformers, Buchholz relay, Earth fault 07
or leakage protection, Circulating current scheme for transformer protection, Different
bus-bar protection scheme.
Digital Protection:
7 Digital relay, Merits and demerits, Block diagram, Digital over current relay, Digital 04
earth fault relay, Digital protection of transformer.
Practical content
Practicals, assignments and tutorials are based on above syllabus.
Text Books
1 V.K. Mehta and Rohit Mehta, “Principle of Power System”, S. Chand.
2 Badri Ram and D.N.Vishwakarma, “Power System Protection and Switchgear”,
TMHpublishing company.
Reference Books
1 Bhavesh Bhalja, R. P. Maheshwari and N. G. Chothani, “Protection and Switchgear”, Oxford
University Press, New Delhi, 1st edition, 2011.
2 B. Ravindranath and M. Chander, “Power System Protection and Switchgear”, New age
International.
3 Sunil S Rao, “Switchgear and Protection”, Khanna Publishers.
4 Bhuvnesh Oza, Nirmalkumar Nair, Rashesh Mehta and Vijay Makwana,” Power System
Protection And Switchgear”, Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited
5 Y. G. Paithankar, “Fundamentals of Power System Protection”, PHI Publication.