A.

DATA PERENCANAAN
Jenis Kuda-Kuda : Prat
Jenis Kayu : Keruing
Berat Jenis : 850 kg/m³
Alat Sambung : Baut
Penutup Atap : Genteng
Berat Penutup Atap : 50 kg/m²
Berat Plafond & Penggantung : 18 kg/m²
Sudut Kemiringan Atap : 45 ⁰
Bentang : 12 m
Tekanan Angin : 30 kgf/m
Jarak Antar Kuda-Kuda : 2m
σlt : 144.5 kg/cm²
σtr// = σtk// : 127.5 kg/cm²
σtk ^ : 34 kg/cm²

B. PERHITUNGAN PANJANG BATANG

Bentang = 12 m

H1 = H2 = H3 = H4 = 3m
V1 = V3 = 3m
V2 = 6m
A1 = A2 = A3 = A4 = 4.24264069 m
D1 = D2 = 6.70820393 m
Total Panjang Kayu = 54.3869706 m

C. PERHITUNGAN DIMENSI GORDING

Data Perhitungan Gording
Jumlah Gording = 5
Kemiringan = 45 ⁰
Jarak Gording = 4.24264069 m
= 424.264069 cm
Jenis Kayu = Keruing
Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
Dimesi = 10 / 12 cm
 Jarak Antar Kuda-Kuda = 2m

Beban Mati
Berat Gording = Dimesi x Berat Jenis
= 10.2 kg/m
Berat Penutup Atap = Jarak Gording x Berat Penutup Atap
= 212.132034 kg/m
Faktor Keamanan (10%) = 10% x q total
= 22.2332034 kg/m
Beban Terfaktor (qm) = 244.565238 kg/m
qx = qm sin α
= 172.933738 kg/m
qy = qm cos α
= 172.933738 kg/m
Mxi = 1/8 qx L²
= 86.466869 kgm
Myi = 1/8 qx L²
= 86.466869 kgm

Beban Hidup
Berat Pekerja = 100 kg
P = 100 kg
Px = Hp sin α
= 70.7106781 kg
Py = Hp cos α
= 70.7106781 kg
Mpx = 1/4 Hx L
= 35.3553391 kgm
Mpy = 1/4 Hx L
= 35.3553391 kg

Beban Angin
Koef. Tekan = 0.02 α - 0.4
= 0.5
Koef. Hisap = -0.4
Beban Angin Tekaqat = Jarak Gording x Tekanan Angin x Koef. Tekan
 = 63.6396103 kgm
Beban Angin Hisa qah = Jenis Kayu x Tekanan Angin x Koef. Hisap
= -50.911688 kgm
Mat = 1/8 qat L²
= 31.8198052 kgm
Mah = 1/8 qah L²
= -25.455844 kgm

Beban Kombinasi ( Beban Tetap )

Mx = 1.2 Mxi + 1.6 Mpx
= 160.328785 kgm
My = 1.2 Myi + 1.6 Mpy
= 160.328785 kgm
Beban Kombinasi ( Beban Sementara )
Beban Hujan = 0.5 kg/m²
qh = Beban Hujan x Jarak Gording
= 2.12132034 kg/m
qhx = qh sin α
= 1.5 kg
qhy = qh cos α
= 1.5 kg
Mhx = 1/8 qhx L²
= 0.75 kgm
Mhy = 1/8 qhy L²
= 0.75 kgm

Mx (Tk) = Mat + Mhx

= 32.5698052 kgm
Mx (Hs) = Mah + Mhx
= -24.705844 kgm
My = 0.75 kgm

Penentuan Beban Kombinasi

Beban kombinasi diambil yang terbesar
Mx = 160.328785 kgm
= 16032.8785 kgcm
 Mx = 160.328785 kgm
= 16032.8785 kgcm
Kontrol tegangan
σlt = 144.5 kg/cm²
𝑀�/𝜔�+𝑀𝑦/𝜔𝑦
<
σlt
133.6073 < 144.5 AMAN

Kontrol Lendutan
Fijin = 1/200 L
= 0.01
E kayu = ### kg/cm²
Ix = 1/12 b h³
= 1440 cm⁴
Iy = 1/12 b³ h
= 1000 cm⁴

Fx [(5 𝑞_� 𝑙^4)/(384 𝐸 𝐼�)] + [( �_� 𝑙^3)/(48 � ��)]

=

= 0.00500387 + 0.0006547285
= 0.0056586
Fy [(5 𝑞_𝑦 𝑙^4)/(384 𝐸 𝐼𝑦)] + [( �_𝑦 𝑙^3)/(48 � �𝑦)]
=

= 0.00720557 + 0.000942809
= 0.00814838
F total =√( 〖��〗 ^2+ 〖�𝑦〗 ^2 )
= 0.00992048

F total < F ijin

0.00992 < 0.01 AMAN

Maka dimensi gording 10/12 aman digunakan

Koef. Tekan
Koef. Hisap
D. PEMBEBANAN KUDA-KUDA

Dengan Dimensi Kuda-Kuda = 10 / 12 cm

Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
Penutup Atap = Genteng
Berat Penutup Atap = 50 kg/m²
Berat Plafond & Penggantung = 18 kg/m²
Sudut Kemiringan Atap = 45 ⁰
Bentang = 12 m
Tekanan Angin = 30 kgf/m
Jarak Antar Kuda-Kuda = 2m

Beban Mati

No Jenis Beban Volume Sat

1 Penutup Atap 1697.05627 kg
2 Gording 102 kg
3 Konstruksi Kuda-Kuda (10/12) 554.7471 kg
4 Berat Alat Sambung ( 10 % Konstruksi ) 55.47471 kg
5 Plafond & Penggantung 432 kg
Q dl (TOTAL) 2841.27809 kg
Q dl terfaktor ( 10% ) 3125.40589 kg

Beban Hidup

No Jenis Beban Volume Sat

1 Beban Pekerja 500 kg
LL (TOTAL) 500 kg

Beban Kombinasi
Q total = 1.2 DL + 1.6 LL
= 4550.48707 kg

Beban di Setiap Titik Gording

P1 = P5 = 1/2 P
 P1 + P2 + P3 + P4 + P5 = 4P
P= 1137.62177 kg
P1 = P5 = 568.810884 kg

Beban Angin
W = 509.116882 kg
Koef. Angin Tekan = 0.02 α - 0.4
= 0.5
Koef. Angin Hisap = -0.4
Wtk = 254.558441 kg
Whs = -203.64675 kg

Ptk2 = 127.279221 kg
Ptk2 horisontal = Ptk2 sin α
= 90 kg
Ptk2 vertikal = Ptk2 cos α
= 90 kg
Ptk1 = Ptk3 = 63.6396103 kg
Ptk1 horisontal = Ptk1 sin α
= 45 kg
Ptk1 vertikal = Ptk1 cos α
= 45 kg
Phs2 = -101.82338 kg
Phs2 horisontal = Ptk2 sin α
= 72 kg
Phs2 vertikal = Ptk2 cos α
= -72 kg
Phs1 = Phs3 = -50.911688 kg
Phs1 horisontal = Ptk1 sin α
= 36 kg
Phs 1 vertikal = Ptk1 cos α
= -36 kg
Reaksi Tumpuan
Akibat Beban Kombinasi
Rav = 2275.24354 kg
Rbv = 2275.24354 kg
Akibat Beban Angin
Rav = 18 kg
Rbv = 18 kg
Rbh = 324 kg
E. GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BEBAN SENDIRI DAN BEBAN HIDUP

No Batang �_𝑮𝒂𝒎𝒃𝒂� Besar Gaya Batang Jenis

1 A1 -2.4133 cm -2413.3 kg Tekan
2 A2 -2.4133 cm -2413.3 kg Tekan
3 A3 -2.4133 cm -2413.3 kg Tekan
4 A4 -2.4133 cm -2413.3 kg Tekan
5 H1 1.7064 cm 1706.4 kg Tarik
6 H2 1.1376 cm 1137.6 kg Tarik
7 H3 1.1376 cm 1137.6 kg Tarik
8 H4 1.7064 cm 1706.4 kg Tarik
9 V1 -1.1376 cm -1137.6 kg Tekan
10 V2 0 cm 0 kg
11 V3 -1.1376 cm -1137.6 kg Tekan
12 D1 1.2719 cm 1271.9 kg Tarik
13 D2 1.2719 cm 1271.9 kg Tarik

F. GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BEBAN ANGIN

No Batang �_𝑮𝒂𝒎𝒃𝒂� Besar Gaya Batang Jenis

1 A1 0.3818 cm 3.818 kg Tarik
2 A2 -0.891 cm -8.91 kg Tekan
3 A3 0.2546 cm 2.546 kg Tarik
4 A4 -0.6737 cm -6.737 kg Tekan
5 H1 -0.72 cm -7.2 kg Tekan
6 H2 -1.62 cm -16.2 kg Tekan
7 H3 -1.62 cm -16.2 kg Tekan
8 H4 -2.34 cm -23.4 kg Tekan
9 V1 -1.8 cm -18 kg Tekan
10 V2 0 cm 0 kg
11 V3 -1.8 cm -18 kg Tekan
12 D1 2.018 cm 20.18 kg Tarik
13 D2 -1.61 cm -16.1 kg Tekan

G. GAYA BATANG AKIBAT BEBAN KOMBINASI

 Besar Gaya
No Batang Jenis
Batang
1 A1 -2409.48 kg Tekan
2 A2 -2422.21 kg Tekan
3 A3 -2410.75 kg Tekan
4 A4 -2420.04 kg Tekan
5 H1 1699.2 kg Tarik
6 H2 1121.4 kg Tarik
7 H3 1121.4 kg Tarik
8 H4 1683 kg Tarik
9 V1 -1155.6 kg Tekan
10 V2 0 kg
11 V3 -1155.6 kg Tekan
12 D1 1292.08 kg Tarik
13 D2 1255.8 kg Tarik

Gaya tekan maks. Batang A = -2422.21 kg

Gaya tarik maks. Batang H = 1699.2 kg
Gaya tekan maks. Batang V = -1155.6 kg
Gaya tarik maks. Batang D = 1292.08 kg

H. PENDIMENSIAN KUDA-KUDA
Batang H (Tampang 1) - Tarik
Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
Faktor Perlemahan (FP) = 0.2 (Sambungan Baut)
σ
tr// = 127.5 kg/cm²
σ
tk//r = σ
tk// . β . γ
= 127.5 kg/cm²
P = 1699.2 kg
Fnt �/(𝜎_𝑡𝑟 )
=

= 13.327058824 cm²
Fbr �𝑛𝑡/��
=

= 16.658823529 cm²
Diambil
 b = 10 cm
h = 12 cm
bh > Fbr
120 > 16.659 AMAN
Maka dimensi 10/12 aman digunakan

Batang V (Tampang 1) - Tekan

Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
σtk// = 127.5 kg/cm²
σtk//r = σ tk// . β . γ
= 127.5 kg/cm²
P = -1155.6 kg
Ltk = L
= 3m

Imin = 40 Ptk Ltk²

1/12 b h³ = 40 Ptk Ltk²
Diambil h = 1.6 b
1/12 b (2b)³ = 40 Ptk Ltk²
0.341333333333333 b⁴ = 416016 cm⁴
b = 9.5916 cm
= 10 cm
Mencari nilai h
√((1⁄12 𝑏ℎ^3)/�𝑏𝑟)
I min =

= 0.28868 b
= 2.88675 cm

λ =
𝐿𝑡�/(𝐼 𝑚𝑖𝑛)

= 103.9230
Dari Daftar III PPKI 1961, dengan interpolasi didapat
ω = 3.2746
σ tk//
=
�𝜔/(𝑏 ℎ)
 h ≥ 3.094 cm

Dengan Diambil h = 1.6 b

h = 16 cm

h yang dipakai mendekati 1.6 b = 12 cm

Kontrol
�𝜔/(𝑏 ℎ)
< σtk//ijin
31.53453 < 127.5 AMAN
Maka dimensi 10/12 aman digunakan

Batang A (Tampang 2) - Tekan

Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
Tampang = 2
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
σ
tk// = 127.5 kg/cm²
σ
tk//r = σ tk// . β . γ
= 127.5 kg/cm²
P = -2422.21 kg
Ltk = L
= 4.24264 m
a = 10 cm
b = 5 cm

dicoba h = cm ###
ix = 0.289 h
= 3.468 cm
It (teoritis) = 2 .1/12. b. h³ + 2. h. b. a²
= 13440.00 cm⁴
Ig = 1/12 (2 b) h³
= 1440.00 cm⁴
Iy = 1/4 (It + 3 Ig)
= 4440.00 cm⁴
√(𝐼𝑦/�𝑏𝑟)
iy
=
 =

= 6.08276 cm

λ =
𝐿/(𝐼 𝑚𝑖𝑛)

= 69.7486 cm
Dari Daftar III PPKI 1961, dengan interpolasi didapat
ω = 1.8700

Kontrol
�𝜔/�𝑏𝑟
< σtk//ijin
37.74611 < 127.5 AMAN
Maka dimensi 5/12 aman digunakan

Batang D (Tampang 2) - Tarik

Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
Tampang = 2
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
Faktor Perlemahan (FP) = 0.2 (Sambungan Baut)
σtr// = 127.5 kg/cm²
σtr//r = σ
tk// . β . γ
= 127.5 kg/cm²
P = 1292.08 kg
Fnt �/(𝜎_𝑡𝑟 )
=

= 10.133960784 cm²
Fbr �𝑛𝑡/��
=

= 12.66745098 cm²
Diambil
b = 5 cm
h = 12 cm
2bh > Fbr
120 > 12.667 AMAN
Maka dimensi 5/12 aman digunakan
I. SAMBUNGAN PADA BATANG
Panjang Batang
H Batang Tunggal
A Batang Ganda
D Batang Ganda
V2 Batang Tunggal
V1,3 Batang Tunggal
= 3m (tidak dibutuhkan sambungan)
= 4.24264069 m (dibutuhkan sambungan)
= 6.70820393 m (dibutuhkan sambungan)
= 6m (dibutuhkan sambungan)
= 3m (tidak dibutuhkan sambungan)

Dimensi Batang
H = 10 / 12
A = 5 / 12 x 2
D = 5 / 12 x 2
V = 10 / 12

Sambungan pada Batang A

Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = -2422.21 kg
Dimensi Kayu = 2 x 5 / 12
Sambungan = 10 / 12 (tengah)
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 0⁰

P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)

= 1984.375 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1984.375 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 1209.675 kg
digunakan P = 1209.675 kg
 n �/�
=

= 2.00236427
= 4 buah

Sambungan pada Batang D

Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = 1292.08 kg
Dimensi Kayu = 2 x 5 / 12
Sambungan = 10 / 12 (tengah)
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 0⁰

P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)

= 1984.375 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1984.375 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 1209.675 kg
digunakan P = 1209.675 kg

n �/�
=

= 1.0681216
= 2 buah

Sambungan pada Batang V2

Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
 β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = 0 kg
Dimensi Kayu = 10 / 12 (tengah)
Sambungan = 2 x 4 / 12
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 0⁰

P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)

= 1984.375 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1587.5 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 1209.675 kg
digunakan P = 1209.675 kg

n �/�
=

= 0
= 1 buah

J. SAMBUNGAN PADA TITIK BUHUL

Titik Buhul a & e
(A& H)
Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = -2422.21 kg
Dimensi Kayu = 2 x 5 / 12
Sambungan = 10 / 12 (tengah)
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 45 ⁰
 P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1142.47599 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1142.47599 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 910.295712 kg
digunakan P = 910.295712 kg

n �/�
=

= 2.66090455
= 4 buah

Titik Buhul f & h

( V1 & A )
Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = -2422.21 cm
Dimensi Kayu = 2 x 5 / 12
Sambungan = 10 x 12 (tengah)
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 45 ⁰

P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)

= 1142.47599 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1142.47599 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 910.295712 kg
digunakan P = 910.295712 kg
 n �/�
=

= 2.66090455
= 4 buah

Titik Buhul b & d

(V&D)
Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = 1292.08 kg
Dimensi Kayu = 2 x 5 / 12
Sambungan = 10 / 12 (tengah)
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 27 ⁰

P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)

= 1443.84256 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1443.84256 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 1017.46166 kg
digunakan P = 1017.46166 kg

n �/�
=

= 1.26990534
= 2 buah

(D&H)
Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
 = 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = 1292.08 kg
Dimensi Kayu = 2 x 5/ 12
Sambungan = 10 / 12 (tengah)
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 63 ⁰

P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)

= 923.520357 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 923.520357 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 832.435089 kg
digunakan P = 832.435089 kg

n �/�
=

= 1.55216907
= 2 buah

Titik Buhul g
(A & V2)
Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = -2422.21 kg
Dimensi Kayu = 2x 5/ 12
Sambungan = 10 / 12 (tengah)
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 45 ⁰
 P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1142.47599 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1142.47599 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 910.295712 kg
P = 910.295712 kg

n �/�
=

= 2.66090455
= 3 buah

(D & V2)
Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = 1292.08 kg
Dimensi Kayu = 2x 5/ 12
Sambungan = 10 / 12 (tengah)
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 27 ⁰

P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)

= 1443.84256 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 1443.84256 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 1017.46166 kg
P = 1017.46166 kg
 n �/�
=

= 1.26990534
= 2 buah

Titik Buhul c
(V & H)
Berat Jenis = 850 kg/m³
= 0.85 kg/cm³ (Kelas Kuat 1)
β = 1 (Pembebanan Tetap)
γ = 1 (Konstruksi Terlindung)
S = 1699.2 kg
Dimensi Kayu = 10 / 12 (tengah)
Sambungan = 2x 4/ 12
baut f = 5 / 8"
a = 90 ⁰

P = 125 m d (1-0.6 sin a)

= 793.75 kg
P = 250 l d (1-0.6 sin a)
= 635 kg
P = 480 d² (1-0.35 sin a)
= 786.28875 kg
P = 635 kg

n �/�
=

= 2.67590551
= 4 buah
 5/ 8= 1.5875
1d 1.5875 0.79375
2d 3.175
3d 4.7625 2.38125
4d 6.35
5d 7.9375
6d 9.525
7d 11.1125
8d 12.7
9d 14.2875
10 d 15.875
11 d 17.4625
12 d 19.05
13 d 20.6375
14 d 22.225
15 d 23.8125
16 d 25.4
17 d 26.9875
18 d 28.575
19 d 30.1625