Philippine Women’s University

Taft Avenue, Manila

Jose Abad Santos Memorial School
Senior High School Department

“Connections, Relationships and

Networks”

Submitted by: 12-Galileo

Manzano, Ma. Angelica Joy D.
Sabado, Yvonne Lei C.
Solis, Sabrina N.
Torres, Kathryn

Submitted to:
T. Hanna Sarip
 Philippine Women’s University
Taft Avenue, Manila
Jose Abad Santos Memorial School
Senior High School Department

Objectives

 To define and properly explain the meaning of connection, relationships and networks
 To show the significance of connections, relationships and networks in understanding
social networks
 To indicate the significance of understanding networks in everyday life
 To relate how connections, relationship and networks help and apply to the lives of
HUMSS Students.

Ice Breaker

Connection Web

Allotted Time: 5 – 10 minutes

Instructions: The presenters will provide a ball of yarn and give it to the president of the class.
The presenters will ask questions and the president of the class must answer that question by
passing a string of yarn to the person whom she thinks is the answer to the question. The person
who receives the piece of yarn must now answer the next question and past a string of yarn to
another person that best fits the question and so on until all the questions are answered.

Explanation: The whole student of Galileo will be the nodes. The president of the class will be
the ego. To those people who has a yarn connecting to each other will be the alters. The yarn
symbolizes the connection between nodes.

Discussion

Networks

Zeev Maoz (2011, 7 and38 – 39) in Networks of Nations, defines networks as a set
of units like nerves, species, individuals, institutions or states, and a rule that determines the
“magnitude, and/or direction of ties” that exist between any two social entities or nodes. A
network shows the relations that exist between nodes. In most cases, the same nodes can be
simultaneously related to multiple networks with each network defined by a particular set of
rules. A set of networks that is made up of the same set of nodes is known as a hypernetwork or a
multiplex.
 Philippine Women’s University
Taft Avenue, Manila
Jose Abad Santos Memorial School
Senior High School Department

Networks can be classified into two types.

1. Relational networks – or one – mode networks are characterized by rules that determine
the presence, direction, and extent of a relationship between any two units. Example of
relational units includes neighborhood, friendship, alliance, or trade networks.

2. Affiliation networks – refer to networks in which the rule determines an affiliation of a

unit with an event, organization or group. Examples of affiliation networks include
membership in a professional organization, national membership in international
organizations, or the distribution of the different provincial population based on their
religion or ethnic affiliations.

Terminologies

In understanding networks, it’s imperative to understand the connections among

social units including the effects or outcomes associated with these connections. The “social
units” referred to in this context are called actors. Actors are defined as “discrete individual or
collective units.” The use of the term actor does not mean that they perform a particular action.
The term actor in this context connotes “a social unit that is playing a role in a larger social
system.” In social network analysis, actors are also called as nodes or vertices. An Ego network
is made up of focal actor or node called ego and the nodes to whom the ego is directly connected
or linked. These social units whom the ego is connected are called alters.

An ego network states the ties that exist between the alters. This is known as a first
– order egonet. On the other hand, a second order egonet shows the relation between alters and
other nodes in the network. It contains more complicated web of ties made up of both direct and
indirect connections.

Ice Breaker

Flag Quiz with a Twist

Allotted Time: 5 minutes – 10 minutes

Instructions: The presenters will show the different flags of those countries that are members of
the ASEAN. The students will guess the name of that country whose flag is being shown. Before
a student is able to speak, a ball of yarn will be passed around while singing a nursery rhyme or
song chosen. When the song stops, whoever’s holding the ball of yarn will be given a chance to
answer. If he is unable to answer, then he may ask a friend to help him. However, if he got the
correct answer, he will receive a prize.

Explanation: The 10 countries are the members of the ASEAN. The presenters will have a brief
history about the ASEAN on how it came about.

Discussion
 Philippine Women’s University
Taft Avenue, Manila
Jose Abad Santos Memorial School
Senior High School Department

Below is an example of a first-order egonet of ASEAN. In the diagram, the direct ties of ASEAN
are shown.
A first-order egonet of ASEAN’s ties with other countries

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) forms direct ties with its ten members.

Question: Can you name the countries in which ASEAN has direct ties with? (3 volunteers)

The following example shows a second-order egonet which contains a more

complicated web of ties made up of both direct and indirect connections. Philippines has direct
ties with ASEAN, APEC and EU. But Philippine’s ties with Australia is indirect and is made
through Philippine’s connection with APEC which has a direct tie with Australia.

A second-order egonet of Country X’s ties with other countries

 Philippine Women’s University
Taft Avenue, Manila
Jose Abad Santos Memorial School
Senior High School Department

Question: Can you name the other indirect ties of the Philippines using the diagram? (3
volunteers)

Connections
Connection refers to the tie that link actors to one another. It illustrates what links
unit A to unit B. The range of connections or ties that link any two actors is wide – ranging.
Examples of connections that can be used to show ties among actors include:

1. Behavioral interactions – (e.g. based on who are chatting with each other)
2. Physical connections – (e.g. seated together during class or during break time)
3. Association or affiliation – (e.g. taking the same subjects or belonging to the same group
for a particular class project)
4. Evaluation of one person by another person – (e.g. whom one considers as a friend)
5. Formal relations – (e.g. who has authority over whom)

Connections between social units establish a tie or link between two actors or social
units. Connection between two actors forms a dyad. Dyad is the basic unit of social networks
which is made up of a pair of actors. With these, one is able to form one relationship.
Examples:
1. A student who wishes to form friendship ties with another student
2. A store manager consults with his assistant manager
3. The Philippines wants to form an alliance with another country in the Southeast Asian
region (e.g. Cambodia)

When three actors are involved, it is called a triad. It also forms three relationships.
Examples:
1. A student who wishes to form friendship ties with two other students
2. A store manager consults with his assistant manager and store supervisor
3. The Philippines wants to form an alliance with two other countries in the Southeast Asian
region. (e.g. Cambodia, Vietnam)

A group of four forms six relationships while a group of five forms ten relationships.

Example (four actors are involved):

1. The allies of World War II are United Kingdom, United States, Soviet Union and China

Example (five actors are involved):

1. North Korea trades with other communist countries like China, Vietnam, Cuba and Laos

Relationships
In understanding connections, it is important to collect information on multiple ties
in order to understand the depth of connections or the lack thereof among social units or actors.
The collection of ties among the actors in a group is called relationship. In social network
 Philippine Women’s University
Taft Avenue, Manila
Jose Abad Santos Memorial School
Senior High School Department

analysis, relationship refers to “a collection of ties of a specific kind measured on pairs of actors”
from a particular group of social entities. (Carolan, 2014, 6). A single group of actors can have
different forms of relationships.

"No people can live to itself alone," said that pernicious globalist Dwight
Eisenhower in his second inaugural address. "The economic need of all nations — in mutual
dependence — makes isolation an impossibility; not even America's prosperity could long
survive if other nations did not also prosper. No nation can longer be a fortress, lone and strong
and safe. And any people, seeking such shelter for themselves, can now build only their own
prison." A good example is North Korea. Despite being the most isolated country in the world
still trades with fellow communists only. For example China being a communist country, is said
to be the most important trading partner of North Korea as it provides them main source of food
and energy.

One way in order to make good relationship with other countries is through a
bilateral economic communication. For example, from import and export activities wherein
countries barter their own goods and services with other country’s good and services. As a result,
it will make a new relationship with other countries and create an additional income for
development. Another way in making a good relationship is committing to help each other while
one has a problem in many sectoral areas. For example, Philippines needs to collaborate with its
allies the United States and Japan now that it faces China's aggressive claims over disputed
territories in the South China Sea or else we will be belittled by bigger forces. Overall, the field
of international relations is becoming more and more relevant in society today. Effective
communication between countries is a key for making beneficial relationships and ensuring a
safer world as a result.

Graphs

A visual representation can be used to understand networks. According to

Dictionary.com, a graph is defined as a diagram representing a system of connections or
interrelations among two or more things by a number of distinctive dots, lines, bars, etc. A graph
or digraph is a “visual representation of a social network, where actors are represented as nodes
or vertices and the ties (connections) are represented as lines (Prell, 2012,9). The lines in the
digraph represents the ties or connections while the arrowhead show the direction of the
connections.
 Philippine Women’s University
Taft Avenue, Manila
Jose Abad Santos Memorial School
Senior High School Department

Activity

Scavenger Hunt

Allotted Time: 10 minutes

Instructions: Break the group into three teams (by friends). Give the list of goofy tasks to each
team, along with a deadline by which they must complete all tasks. Whoever completes the most
tasks the quickest, wins. If not, whoever completed most of the task within the given time, wins.

Objective: Boosts relationship between schoolmates and friends.

Integration

As a HUMSS student, what is the importance of attaining such information and

how do you find this information helpful?
Synthesis / Conclusion

Joy’s Conclusion
It is said that “no man is an island.” Everyone has their own relationship either with
their friends, family members, etc. Everyday we form connections with every person we
encounter. Nowadays, social media makes it easier to keep in touch with our existing
relationships at the same time, making new contacts. A strong network is important for it leads us
to various opportunities (e.g. easier to find jobs).

In a wider perspective, connections, relationships and networks are also important

when it comes to making ties with other countries and organizations worldwide in order for us to
have better relationship between countries and achieve globalization. Through globalization, we
are able to exchange products and services which will benefit each country’s economy. With
these, cultural exchange will be possible so that every person will have an idea about a country’s
culture which will lead to international friendship and goodwill. Through various readings, I
realized that even the isolated country – North Korea needs ties in order for them to develop their
economy and to prosper. Through ties with other countries we would have allies to defend us. We
connect and form relationships with other countries for improvements and to achieve a common
goal and to achieve peace between nations.

As a HUMSS student, or future psychologists, social workers, educators, diplomats,

etc. Knowing this information is vital so that we would become much more understanding and
know how to deal with those whom we connect to and maintain a good relationship with others.

Yvonne’s Conclusion
 Philippine Women’s University
Taft Avenue, Manila
Jose Abad Santos Memorial School
Senior High School Department

In my conclusion we need to know the importance of Connection, Relationship, and

Network and the significance of it in our everyday life because it will help us to understand how
does a group makes decision and looking at the outcome of it.

It also includes to the word interaction which does mean it does need to have a two
or more persons to communicate with.

Sabrina’s Conclusion
Network refer to the set of interconnected units some of these include individuals,
groups and institution, these may be actors, ego, alters and social units. Social units are
composed of actors which ries and comments with each other to form connections. If connection
become depth and there is collection of ties between actors inside a network, relationships exist.
In this context, Network may be Community Members, Church Members and Barangay senior
citizen members and vice versa, individuals in these networks are called actors. The links
between them makes connections, their membership to each network became connections. I
therefore conclude, that network is made up of different connections and relationship. This
network came from two root word net and work which means links and ties are done through
actions.

Kathryn’s Conclusion
For me this is really informative because in today’s generation we are just one click
away in everything we do, this is just back of everything the inventors do before they share it to
the world and have people use it.

Social network help us connect with other people even though they are far away, but
sometimes social network can do harm on a human so it’s important to know few things.

References

Dela Cruz, R., Dela Cruz, R. (2016). Trends, Networks, and Critical Thinking in the 21st Century.
Phoenix Publishing House

Candor, A. (2011). Social Groups. Retrieved from https://www.slideshare.net/natsu214/social-

groups-9207094

N, A. (n.d.). Graph. Retrieved from https://www.dictionary.com/browse/graph

N, A. (n.d.). Social Nework https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/social%20network

Ott, A. (2014). Basics of Social Network Analysis. Retrieved from

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PT99WF1VEws
Krebs, V. (n.d.). Social Network Analysis: An Introduction. Retrieved from
http://www.orgnet.com/sna.html
 Philippine Women’s University
Taft Avenue, Manila
Jose Abad Santos Memorial School
Senior High School Department

Gerson, M. ( 5 June 2017). No Nation Can Long Stand Alone. Retrieved from
https://www.adn.com/opinions/national-opinions/2017/06/05/no-nation-can-long-stand-alone/
Markovic, M. (10 July 2015). The Importance of International Relations Field Today. Retrieved
from https://www.munplanet.com/articles/international-relations/the-importance-of-
international-relations-field-today
N.A. (28 June 2013). Gazmin: PH can't stand alone, needs allies. Retrieved from
https://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/06/28/13/gazmin-ph-cant-stand-alone-needs-allies
Hansen, B. (10 August 2017). 12 Awesome Team Building Games Your Team Won't Hate.
Retrieved from https://www.wrike.com/blog/team-building-games/