IEEE Guide For Static Var Compensator Field Tests IEEE1303-2011 PDF

IEEE Guide for Static Var

Compensator Field Tests
IEEE Std 90003™-2008
IEEE Std 90003™-2008
IEEE Power & Energy Society
Sponsored by the
Substations Committee
IEEE
3 Park Avenue IEEE Std 1303™-2011
(Revision of
New York, NY 10016-5997
IEEE Std 1303-1994)
USA
26 August 2011
Authorized licensed use limited to: SWANSEA UNIVERSITY. Downloaded on July 11,2018 at 10:05:22 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.

IEEE Std 1303TM-2011
(Revision of
IEEE Std 1303-1994)

Sponsor
Substations Committee
of the
IEEE Power & Energy Society
Approved 16 June 2011

IEEE-SA Standards Board
Approved 17 October 2012

American National Standards Institute
Abstract: General guidelines and criteria for the field testing of static var compensators (SVCs),
before they are placed in-service, for the purpose of verifying their specified performance are
described. The major elements of a commissioning program are identified so that the user can
formulate a specific plan that is most suited for his or her own SVC.
Keywords: IEEE 1303, mvar, static var compensator, SVC, var, field tests
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Introduction
This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 1303-2011, IEEE Guide for Static Var Compensator Field Tests.
This guide was prepared by a Task Force of Working Group I4, Static Var Compensators, of the Power
Electronic Stations Subcommittee of the Substations Committee of the IEEE Power & Energy Society.
The Guide was originally published in 1994. Modification of this guide began in 2005 with the purpose of
updating SVC field testing guidelines for prospective or first-time users of static var compensator (SVC)
systems in line with current practice.
Notice to users
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iv
Copyright © 2011 IEEE. All rights reserved.
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Patents
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v
Participants
At the time this Guide was submitted to the IEEE-SA Standards Board for approval, the Task Force of
Working Group I4, Static Var Compensators had the following membership:
Chris Horwill, Chair
Hubert Bilodeau Peter Lips Dan Sullivan

Terry Fix Wayne Litzenberger Ed Thomas
Mikael Halonen Ben Mehraban Björn Thorvaldsson
Anthony Ho David Monkhouse Austin Tingley
Michael Hulse Mansour Pourcyrous Duane Torgerson
Yuri Kershonsky Mark Reynolds Heinz Tyll
Janet Kowalski Jeff Selman Gene Wolf
Lauri Latipaa Philip Smitherman Peter Zhao
The following members of the balloting committee voted on this Guide. Balloters may have voted for
approval, disapproval, or abstention.
William J. Ackerman David Harris Anne-Marie Sahazizian

Ali Al Awazi Gary Heuston Bartien Sayogo
Thomas Barnes Christopher Horwill Dennis Schlender
Hubert Bilodeau R. Jackson Gil Shultz
Chris Brooks Yuri Khersonsky Jerry Smith
Terry Chapman James Kinney John Spare
Arvind K. Chaudhary J. Koepfinger Gary Stoedter
Gary Donner Jim Kulchisky K. Stump
Gearóid ó hEidhin Chung-Yiu Lam Heinz Tyll
Gary Engmann Jerry Murphy Eric Udren
David Giegel Michael S. Newman John Vergis
Jalal Gohari Donald Platts Kenneth White
Edwin Goodwin Oleg Roizman James Wilson
Randall Groves Jian Yu
When the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this Guide on 16 June 2011, it had the following
membership:
Richard H. Hulett, Chair

John Kulick, Vice Chair
Robert M. Grow, Past Chair
Judith Gorman, Secretary
Masayuki Ariyoshi Jim Hughes Gary Robinson

William Bartley Joseph L. Koepfinger* Jon Walter Rosdahl
Ted Burse David J. Law Sam Sciacca
Clint Chaplin Thomas Lee Mike Seavey
Wael Diab Hung Ling Curtis Siller
Jean-Philippe Faure Oleg Logvinov Phil Winston
Alexander Gelman Ted Olsen Howard L. Wolfman
Paul Houzé Don Wright
*Member Emeritus
vi
Also included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons:
Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative

Richard DeBlasio, DOE Representative
Michael Janezic, NIST Representative
Don Messina
IEEE Standards Program Manager, Document Development
Erin Spiewak
IEEE Standards Program Manager, Technical Program Development
vii
Contents
1. Overview .................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Purpose ................................................................................................................................................ 2
2. Normative references.................................................................................................................................. 2
3. Definitions and Acronyms.......................................................................................................................... 3

3.1 Definitions ........................................................................................................................................... 3
3.2 Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................ 4
4. Preparation of a field test program ............................................................................................................. 5

4.1 Test program phases ............................................................................................................................ 5
4.2 Inspection and test plans (ITPs)........................................................................................................... 5
5. Implementation of a field test program ...................................................................................................... 8

5.1 Equipment tests.................................................................................................................................... 8
5.2 Subsystem test ................................................................................................................................... 12
5.3 System commissioning tests .............................................................................................................. 16
5.4 Acceptance tests ................................................................................................................................ 26
Annex A (informative) Bibliography ........................................................................................................... 31
Annex B (normative) Coordination of valve and valve firing circuits ......................................................... 33
Annex C (informative) Staged fault tests ..................................................................................................... 38

C.1 Typical staged fault method.............................................................................................................. 38
Annex D (informative) Simulated fault tests................................................................................................ 39
viii
IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to ensure safety, security, health, or
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http://standards.ieee.org/IPR/disclaimers.html.
1. Overview
1.1 Scope
This document is a guide for field testing and commissioning of static var compensators (SVCs). As such,
the document establishes general guidelines and criteria for field testing to verify the specified performance
of SVC systems. Many clauses will be useful for compensator systems using gate turn-off (GTO) thyristor
technology (static compensator [STATCOM]) or other semiconductor devices such as insulated gate
commutated transistor (IGCT).
This guide does not
a) Cover factory and simulator tests of SVC system components (but it assumes that such tests have
been performed beforehand).
b) Discuss the division of responsibility between user and supplier, since this division is usually
defined in the contract between buyer and supplier. Most often, however, the practice is for the
equipment, subsystem, and commissioning tests to be performed by the supplier, and the
acceptance tests to be performed by the buyer or user.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
IEEE Guide for Static Var Compensator Field Tests
1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this guide is to help users of SVCs carry out a field test program prior to placing an SVC
into service. The major elements of a commissioning program are identified so that users can formulate a
specific plan that is suited to their own SVC. Such a test program should cover the following:
a) Equipment tests within the SVC system

b) Tests of the various subsystems that comprise the SVC system
c) Commissioning tests for the complete SVC system
d) Acceptance testing of the complete SVC system
It should be recognized that there are many ways in which a particular SVC may be commissioned, and
also that it is not the purpose of this guide to endorse a specific procedure to the exclusion of other
methods.
Depending on the purpose of the SVC design (transmission type or smaller size used for other purposes)
some tests may not be required. In particular, some control system tests may be included in the factory
tests. Also, acceptance tests may be integrated into any of the categories listed above.
2. Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document (i.e., they must
be understood and used, so each referenced document is cited in text and its relationship to this document is
explained). For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies.
IEEE Std 519TM, IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electric Power
Systems (ANSI). 1, 2
IEEE Std 693TM, IEEE Recommended Practices for Seismic Design of Substations (ANSI).
IEEE Std 1031TM, IEEE Guide for the Functional Specification of Transmission Static VAR Compensators
(ANSI).
IEEE Std C37.20.3TM, IEEE Standard for Metal-Enclosed Interrupter Switchgear (ANSI).
1
IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854,
USA (http://standards.ieee.org/).
2
The IEEE standards or products referred to in Annex A are trademarks owned by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Incorporated.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
3. Definitions and Acronyms
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. The IEEE Standards
Dictionary: Glossary of Terms & Definitions should be consulted for terms not defined in this clause. 3
acceptance tests: Live tests of the complete system to demonstrate as far as possible that the installation
meets the customer’s specification.
as-built drawings: A complete set of drawings which, in addition to the original drawings, includes all
drawings that accurately record changes made to the equipment or subsystem to indicate the final
installation and commissioning.
commissioning tests: Tests of correct function of the complete system with all equipment connected and
live.
databack or checkback: A system for monitoring and reporting the health of thyristors and their gate
electronics.
degraded operation: Use of the system with part of the equipment outof service.
derated operation: Use of equipment or a system at a more restricted performance level than that for
which the equipment or system was originally designed. Derated operation is usually implemented either to
forestall failures or as a result of system component failure. See also: degraded operation.
digital fault recorder: A device which records voltage and current waveforms as well as status of relay
contacts, and stores recordings of the waveforms when triggered by the change of state of any of the digital
or analogue signals. Part of the stored record is prior to the triggering device operation.
digital transient recorder: A device similar to a digital fault recorder.
energization test: Any test requiring that system voltage be applied to the equipment.
equipment tests: Tests carried out on individual items of equipment before connection to other items of
equipment. This forms part of pre-commissioning tests.
field test program: A set of documentation describing the installation and its tests which culminate in
handover to the customer.
inspection and test plan: A summary of prerequisites, system configurations, step-by-step procedures, and
evaluation criteria of the tests in one place for permanent record.
interface test: A test to check interaction among equipment through permanent interconnections.
IT product: The inductive influence expressed in terms of the product of its root-mean-square magnitude
(I), in amperes, multiplied by its telephone influence factor (TIF). (Source: IEEE Std 519-1992.)
mechanically switched capacitor: A capacitor which is switched into or out of service by a circuit breaker
or circuit switcher on a regular basis to control the bus voltage at the point of connection.
point of common coupling (PCC): The connection point between the SVC and the power system at which
performance requirements are defined.
pre-commissioning tests: tests comprising equipment tests and subsystem tests.
real time digital simulator: A digitally based simulator, which can simulate the SVC and the system in
detail and can be used for system simulations or for functional tests of the control system.
sequence of events recorder: a device which records events signaled by a change of state of a digital
signal and adds a time stamp to each record.
3
The IEEE Standards Dictionary: Glossary of Terms & Definitions is available at http://shop.ieee.org/.
3
IEEE Std 1303-2011
subsystem: An interconnected, interrelated group of equipment intended to serve a single basic purpose
within a larger installation or facility.
subsystem tests: tests of a group of interconnected equipment, following on from equipment tests. These
tests form part of pre-commissioning tests.
test coordinator: A person typically responsible for organizing and scheduling tests; deciding how, when,
and where the system and its components will be tested; and determining the test equipment that is needed.
thyristor-controlled reactor: A series connection thyristor controller, typically connected between two
halves of a reactor, that forms one leg of the connected circuit. The thyristor controller consists of
antiparallel phase angle controlled thyristors for vernier control of the reactor susceptance (current).
thyristor-switched capacitor: A series connection of a thyristor switch, typically connected between a
capacitor bank and a current limiting reactor, that forms one leg of the connected circuit. The thyristor
switch consists of antiparallel thyristors that are blocked or fired for full conduction (on/off control).
thyristor-switched reactor: A series connection of a thyristor switch, typically connected between two
halves of a reactor, that forms one leg of the connected circuit. The thyristor switch consists of antiparallel
thyristors that are blocked or fired for full conduction (on/off control).
transient network analyzer: An analog or digital test circuit representing a scaled-down version of the
pertinent power circuit components, used mainly for control response and performance testing.
transient fault recorder: A device, similar to a digital fault recorder or digital transient recorder, for
recording transient quantities.
trial operation: A period during which the equipment or system is placed under service conditions and is
also monitored for stable, smooth, and reliable performance.
trigger pulse converter: A device in the control system that converts the control signal to a signal that can
be transmitted to the thyristor valve.
valve base electronics: Electronic circuitry that directs gate pulses into the thyristor valve.
valve electronics: Electronic circuitry associated with the thyristors and mounted at thyristor level
potential.
3.2 Acronyms
DFR digital fault recorder

DTR digital transient recorder
ITP inspection and test plan
MSC mechanically switched capacitor
RTDS real time digital simulator
SER sequence of events recorder
TCR thyristor-controlled reactor
TFR transient fault recorder
TNA transient network analyzer
TPC trigger pulse converter
TSC thyristor-switched capacitor
TSR thyristor-switched reactor
VBE valve base electronics
VE valve electronics
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
4. Preparation of a field test program

The purpose of this clause is to describe how a comprehensive field test program can be applied to SVC
systems.
In general, every SVC has been designed and installed for a specific reason and purpose. This reasoning
and purpose should be clearly defined for the test program and understood by the participants.
A specific set of inspection and test plans (ITPs) should be prepared for each SVC project. In the field,
these ITPs will demonstrate that the specific purposes of that SVC are being met in accordance with the
performance specifications.
4.1 Test program phases
A comprehensive field test program includes the following major phases:
a) Overall test planning and organization, including the definition and line of authority for performing
the tests.
b) Survey of documents and data, including contract, system study, factory test review, drawings,
user’s manual availability, and definition of ac system requirements or limitations.
c) Preparation of ITPs for equipment, subsystem, commissioning, and acceptance tests of the SVC
system.
d) Review and approval of, or concurrence with, test program by user.
e) Preparation of schedule, including coordination of installation/test schedule and coordination with
system operation.
f) Dissemination and approval of field test results.
g) Dissemination of information, including as-built drawings.
Only phase c), the preparation of ITPs for SVC pre-commissioning, commissioning, and acceptance tests,
is discussed in this guide.
4.2 Inspection and test plans (ITPs)
It is suggested that a format be adopted that breaks down the overall test program into a series of single
purpose ITPs.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
4.2.1 Contents of the ITP
The ITP should contain at least the following information:
a) Descriptive title and test number. The title should convey the purpose of the test, equipment, and
subsystem or system being tested.
b) Person (by title) responsible for directing the test and the person with whom the performance of the
test is to be coordinated.
c) List of preceding tests that should have been completed before this test can be attempted.
d) Estimate of time required to complete the test.
e) System configuration prior to the test. This could be in the form of a single-line diagram at the
beginning of the test, a table of switch or breaker positions, or other format that describes the
pretest configuration.
f) Step-by-step description of the test execution, along with the expected results of each step
including reactive power swings.
g) Description of the expected final results.
h) Summary of the records required to document successful completion of the test.
i) Identification and description of relevant reference information, such as industry standards,
particular requirements from the specifications, or potential impact on the utility.
j) Test equipment used, including type, serial number, calibration, etc.
k) Test sheets with measured data (suitable for future fault diagnosis).
A sample ITP is provided in Figure 1. This ITP is for example purposes only, and should be modified to fit
the circumstances of the specific project and organization.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
Figure 1 —Sample inspection and test plan
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
4.2.2 Field test categories covered by the ITP
The field testing of an SVC project should consist of a series of tests documented by individual ITPs,
beginning with inspection, installation checks, and mechanical tests of the equipment and progressing
through electrical and functional test of equipment, subsystems, and the complete SVC system in
accordance with approved drawings, instructions, and user’s manual.
In general, ITPs should be created to cover the following field test categories:
a) Equipment tests
b) Sub-system tests
c) Commissioning tests
d) Acceptance tests
The details of the tests in each category are given in Clause 5 below.
5. Implementation of a field test program

Field testing is divided into the following groups:
a) Equipment tests relating to individual items

b) Subsystem tests, where groups of items are operated together to provide a test
c) Commissioning tests
d) Acceptance tests
All tests of the program should be performed in sequence, progressing to a higher level of tests only after
the lower level tests have been completed successfully.
The tests described in 5.1 and 5.2 are known also as pre-commissioning tests, comprising all possible tests
without main circuit energization, but with ac or dc control power available for use if required.
5.1 Equipment tests
This subclause covers pre-commissioning tests for equipment items. The results of these tests should be
reviewed and compared with manufacturer’s data, specifications, and previous test results where relevant.
It is assumed that for each item of equipment, a manufacturer’s checklist of inspection is available and has
been completed satisfactorily after installation and prior to the start of these equipment tests. This checklist
should include, for example, the following:
a) Inspection of equipment upon arrival to site

b) Installation checks (including, but not limited to, proving that all fastenings are tight, connections
are correct to the power circuit diagram, ground connections are correct, and insulators are clean
and undamaged)
c) Mechanical tests and adjustments
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.1.1 General
Contract specifications or existing standards apply to field tests of the following equipment: transformers,
disconnecting and grounding switches, circuit breakers, instrument transformers, arresters, capacitors,
reactors, resistors, auxiliary supplies, wall bushings, insulators, busbar, protection relays and instruments,
cables (power and control), and HVAC (heating, ventilating, and air conditioning) equipment. The fire
protection and detection system should be verified to be in an operational state. Specific recommendations
for these items of equipment are not provided. The following clauses contain minimum recommendations
for tests on equipment items peculiar to an SVC.
5.1.2 Thyristor valve
5.1.2.1 Installation checks
a) Check that the valve modules and interconnections are installed correctly to the layout drawings.
5.1.2.2 Power supply to valve electronics
a) Check the power supply (voltage and current) at the valve electronic units.
b) Check the corresponding output.
c) Check the alarm signals on loss of power.
5.1.2.3 Fiber optic
a) Measure the attenuation of each fiber from valve base electronics (VBE) to gate unit, and reverse,
where applicable, and output light levels.
b) Check the correct connection per drawings.
5.1.2.4 Coolant circuit
a) Check the coolant circuit connections against drawings.

b) Verify the leak detection and alarm signals.
5.1.2.5 Contact resistance
a) Confirm spring compression securing thyristors to assure contact resistances between thyristor and
heat sink.
b) Measure resistance between each interconnecting busbar on the valve, or confirm bolt torque values
of busbar connections.
5.1.2.6 Grading network impedance
a) Measure each total thyristor level resistance (R) and capacitance (C), or check for continuity of the
RC damping and grading circuits.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.1.2.7 Auxiliary connections
a) Check all auxiliary connections on the valve for tightness.
5.1.3 Valve cooling equipment (skid or package)
5.1.3.1 Installation verification
Valve cooling systems are normally premounted, functionally tested in the factory, and interconnected at
the site. The completeness and correctness of the overall system installation at the site should be verified
visually with the aid of checklists, diagrams, drawings, and instructions. The checking process should
include the immediate environment of the cooling system (such as mounting bolts, pipework supports),
clearances (to allow for vibration, thermal expansion, exhaust air, etc.), openings, automatic shutters,
walking and maintenance space, warning and instruction signs, lighting, leak-water collection, floors, and
others.
The completeness and quality of the cooling medium and supplies in each coolant circuit (such as water,
filters, deionizing resin, and chemicals), as well as replacement and spare quantities, should be verified.
The tests described below require all the auxiliary supplies to be connected. A temporary pipe loop should
be fitted to bypass the thyristor valves, if not already part of the installation, in order to prevent solid matter
from entering the valve coolant circuits during the flushing process.
For water cooling systems, instructions regarding the water quality (pH number, conductivity, etc.) of the
first fill should be followed. This process should include running the flushing operation in bypass (i.e.,
without thyristor valves) over several hours, including all branches, heat exchangers, deionizers, etc.;
turning pumps on and off repeatedly; and operating valves repeatedly, until no more particles accumulate in
the filters.
5.1.3.2 Cooling power supplies
a) Record the power supply input voltage of each supply.

b) Observe the alarm signal on loss of input voltage.
5.1.3.3 Cooling auxiliary equipment
a) Verify action and position of all automatically operated valves, louvers, doors, etc.
b) Verify backup, standby, and spare equipment.
5.1.3.4 Pumps and fans
a) Verify rotation direction.

b) Verify start-up.
c) Verify start-up of backup pump on loss of supply to running pump.
d) Record starting and running motor current.
e) Verify overload trip time of all motors by artificial single-phasing of all three-phase motors.
f) Check noise and vibration.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.1.3.5 Deionizer
a) Check the conductivity measurement of the coolant to see that it drops below alarm level when
coolant is circulated.
5.1.3.6 Measurement
a) Verify conductivity meters.

b) Observe pressure and temperature meters and check calibrations as recommended by the
manufacturer.
5.1.3.7 Flow meters
a) Verify correct installation of flow meters.

b) Verify proper operation of flow meters.
5.1.3.8 Pressure test
a) Pressure test the system and check for leaks in piping, welds, and connections.
5.1.4 Control equipment
5.1.4.1 Power supplies
a) Record power supply input voltage and check to ensure that the subunit supply indication is
healthy.
b) Observe that changeover on loss of input voltage causes no voltage dip in control equipment.
c) Observe correct alarm signal on loss of power supply.
d) Confirm that controls perform at highest and lowest specified voltages.
5.1.4.2 Interconnecting cabling
a) Check that all the interconnecting cabling to other equipment is correctly connected in accordance
with drawings and diagrams.
5.1.4.3 Control settings
a) Verify that proper controller software version has been installed.

b) Verify that the correct status and alarm signals (e.g., primary and secondary voltages, loss of
supply, circuit breakers or disconnecting switches open, thyristor redundancy used) are sent to the
monitoring system.
c) Check to see that all settings correspond to values listed in design documents.
d) Check to see that monitoring signals show correct values or correctly indicate alarms in response to
injected signals.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.1.5 Grounding transformer (if used)
a) Verify phase connections.

b) Verify oil levels and pressures.
c) If secondary or tertiary winding of transformer are used for the auxiliary power, apply the full set of
normal transformer tests.
5.1.6 Grounding capacitor (if used)
a) Measure capacitance by suitable meter, or measure impedance at nominal frequency and some
other reference frequency and derive capacitance.
b) List and compare measured capacitance to nameplate.
5.2 Subsystem test
5.2.1 General
This section covers pre-commissioning tests on subsystems. Subsystems should be identified and
subsystem tests designed in such a way that all components, connections, and interfaces are included with
related software installed and operating. Subsystem tests involve ac/dc control circuit energization,
interface, and operational and performance tests that are executed after equipment tests have been
successfully performed. Sufficient overlap of testing should exist at all interfaces with other subsystems.
5.2.2 Thyristor valve system
The subsystem covered under this clause includes the complete valve structures, connected indoor
buswork, wall bushings, instrument transformers, cooling ducts and pipes, firing and monitoring signal
transmission systems, and trigger pulse converters (TPC) or valve base electronics (VBE) and valve
electronics (VE) for any one three-phase thyristor-switched capacitor (TSC), thyristor-switched reactor
(TSR), or thyristor-controlled reactor (TCR).
All individual equipment tests and installation checks described in 5.1 shall be completed successfully.
Pertinent documentation (drawing lists, drawings, manuals, test plans, checklists, software listings,
functional block diagrams, etc.) should be available and used.
5.2.2.1 Interface testing
Verify all equipment interconnections progressively from terminal to terminal, according to the pertinent
drawings. A suitable method is provided in IEEE Std C37.20.3. 4
4
Information on references can be found in Clause 2.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
CAUTION
Where sensitive electronic devices are connected to terminals, electrical circuit testers should be used with
caution. Include, as applicable, verification of mechanic, magnetic, fiber optic, hydraulic, and pneumatic
interconnections. Verify electric clearances and interfaces with other contractor-supplied and owner-
supplied subsystems.
The use of checklists and suitable markings on system schematic diagrams is a convenient method of
record keeping.
5.2.2.2 Coordination of valve and valve firing circuits
A separate TPC or VBE unit for converting control signals to suitable signals that can be transmitted to the
thyristor valves is often located next to each three-phase valve unit. This TPC or VBE should be included
in this subsystem.
a) Firing pulse phase correlation check: The control and protection equipment subsystem testing (see
5.2.4), including the TPC or VBE, should be completed for this test. The purpose of this test is to
assure the proper timing of the valve firing signals for each phase and current polarity. The
boundaries of this test should overlap the valve equipment tests and the control subsystem tests
(i.e., the peripheral signal measuring points should be chosen accordingly). Details of the test can
differ greatly from manufacturer to manufacturer. The following basic procedure is described
further in Annex B.
Magnetic or optical pulses arriving at the thyristors for all phases and current polarities should be
compared to the related control signals with appropriate instrumentation. The test can be expanded
to include the control system by using valve terminal ac voltage signals as applied to the control.
Opto-electric converters may be used as appropriate.
b) Monitoring (check-back) pulse test: This test should verify the integrity and proper correlation of
any thyristor and thyristor electronics status monitoring scheme (to the extent to which this is
possible without voltage across the thyristor).
5.2.3 Valve cooling system
The thyristor valve cooling subsystem includes the entire cooling circuit outside the valves (i.e., pipes,
ducts, pumps, heat exchangers, filters, purifiers, controls, meters, valves, flaps, and gauges). The interface
on the valve side consists of flanges or air duct connections. The valve internal portion of the cooling
system should be included in at least some of the tests.
Different types of valve cooling exist. For example:
a) Single or double circuit water cooling with dry or evaporative water/air heat exchanger or
b) Water/water heat exchanger
c) Closed-loop or open-loop air cooling with or without intermediate water circuit
d) Other media and combinations
The test plan for the thyristor valve cooling subsystem depends on the type of system under test. The plan
should lean heavily on the supplier’s documentation and instructions. Only general guidelines are included
here.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.2.3.1 Installation verification
After installation verification of the cooling equipment (see 5.1.3.1) has been performed, and flushing in
bypass operation shows no particle accumulation, the bypass (if used) is removed, the thyristor valves are
connected to the cooling circuit, and in the case of liquid cooling, filled with coolant of recommended
mixture content (e.g., glycol and water, if used). A first check for leaks is done under static pressure only.
A static overpressure test is to be coordinated with the manufacturer and stated in the ITP. Installation
verification of the cooling system power supply, as well as cooling system control and protection
equipment, should follow. This should include protective relay settings, sensors, instrument readings, and
alarms. The leak water detection system, atmospheric pressure relays, room thermostats, and other related
systems should be verified for proper functionality.
5.2.3.2 Cold test run
After successful completion of all checks, the valve cooling system is started according to the supplier’s
instructions. With liquid cooling systems, the pumps are turned on and operated for several hours to
remove all residual air from pipes, heat sinks, resistors, etc. For air cooling, the same idea applies. Fans,
ducts, flaps, heat exchangers, and components are submitted to a test run. Electric currents, auxiliary power
consumption, coolant flow and pressure, conductivity, temperatures, noise, and other parameters of
importance are measured and recorded according to the ITP. All possible faults are simulated in order to
test the related sensors, alarms, and trips. In this way, the correct alarm and trip levels, as well as the proper
reaction of the control and protection system, are verified.
With liquid cooling, thorough checking for leaks is required and should be repeated during heat-run tests.
Since the valves are not energized during these tests, no thermal tests can be performed at this time. A list
of thermal tests to be completed during commissioning or acceptance tests should be maintained.
Transfer to standby units (from one power supply to another, from one pump to the other, from cooler to
cooler, fan to fan, and control to control) should be tested as applicable. The transfer or loss of auxiliary
power should either alarm or trip-off the unit, respectively.
5.2.4 Control system
SVC control equipment in this context includes open-loop and closed-loop control. Testing by transient
network analyzer (TNA), real time digital simulator, or other suitable methods, is assumed to be performed
in the manufacturer’s test facility. Field tests of the control equipment will emphasize interface checks and
tests of settings to verify that no transport damage has occurred. These tests include the following:
a) Instrument transformer interface testing

b) System alarm and control interface testing
c) TPC, VBE, and VE interface testing
d) Cooling system interface testing
e) Owner’s SCADA interface testing
5.2.4.1 Instrument transformer interface testing
All instrument transformers are to be checked for proper ratio and phasing, especially with respect to the
SVC controls. One method is to excite the secondaries of these transformers directly from the instrument
transformer terminals with the appropriate test equipment. The corresponding signals are then checked
inside the control cubicle(s). This verifies the cable and terminal connections. The following instrument
transformers are typically included in the above procedure:
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
a) Primary voltage transformer (VT)

b) Primary current transformer (CT)
c) Secondary ground reference transformer with VTs
d) VTs for shunt capacitor banks
e) CTs in valve branches
f) Bushing CTs
WARNING
If a VT is energized from the low-voltage secondary side, safety procedures shall be observed on the
high-voltage side.
5.2.4.2 System control interface testing
If the design is such that the system control sends and receives signals to and from the SVC control, then
the related interfaces, as well as the interfaces between the open-loop and closed-loop control portions,
shall be tested by injecting and measuring signals as appropriate. This procedure should include signal
connections to substation components such as circuit breakers and switches.
5.2.4.3 TPC or VBE and VE interface testing
It is necessary (although not always easy) to test all firing signal paths, possibly including individual
thyristor locations. Some of this testing is included in 5.2.2. Synchronized firing pulses should be released
by the control system or generated by auxiliary test equipment (to overcome interlocking mechanisms).
5.2.5 Capacitor/filter bank
There are two basic types of harmonic filters:
a) Sharply tuned, band-pass filters

b) Very broadly tuned, high-pass filters
Each filter type is composed of capacitors, reactors, and in some cases, resistors. In general, the procedure
for testing the filter types is the same, except for the tuning requirement of the tuned filter.
Test the protection and alarm functioning. One method is to perform primary and secondary injection tests.
If the filters are the tuned type
a) Measure capacitance and inductance of each phase component.

b) Plot the impedance vs. frequency characteristics.
c) Check the initial tuning using a frequency generator and oscilloscope, or digital multimeter
(DMM), to find the resonant point. For this measurement, the filter should be disconnected from
the system by opening the relevant disconnectors or removing busbars.
d) If necessary, tune the filter to designated value if reactor taps are available.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
For broadly tuned filters, the factory-certified test data for capacitors, reactors, and resistors can be used to
confirm the tuning of the filters.
5.3 System commissioning tests
Upon successful completion of the equipment and subsystem tests, the SVC system can be declared “ready
for commissioning tests.”
Commissioning tests are those tests performed at the job site to verify the performance of the SVC as
specified.
Test procedures should contain safety, communication, authorization, and energization instructions to be
followed by the system operating center. These procedures should accomplish the following:
a) Establish the system test coordinator’s role, authority, and obligations.

b) Contain emergency procedures and tagging requirements.
c) Contain instructions consistent with the purchaser’s practice.
It is advisable to prepare switching instructions with associated switching diagrams for each test showing
the SVC system single-line diagram. This is normally prepared by the purchaser. All controllable switching
devices should be specifically marked in the desired open or closed position for the given test. These steps
will enhance communication with the purchaser’s system operators.
System commissioning tests can be divided into
a) Energization tests
b) Operational and performance tests
c) Trial operation
5.3.1 Energization tests
Major phases of energization tests include
a) Pre-energization checks
b) Low-voltage energization tests (optional)
c) Initial energization tests
d) Operational start-up tests
5.3.1.1 Pre-energization checks
A final inspection and visual check should be made to assure that all ground switches are open, safety
grounds are removed, and removable bus links are reinstalled. Appropriate checks should be made to assure
that all previously disabled interlocks and permissive circuits are reactivated. All safety rules should be
reemphasized prior to energization.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
Prior to energization, a specific inspection concentrating on system grounding should be performed. This
inspection will ensure that all equipment grounds, grounding transformers, and system grounds are installed
and connected in accordance with construction drawings.
5.3.1.2 Low-voltage energization tests (optional)
Prior to energizing the SVC at full system voltage it may be advantageous to carry out a low-voltage
energization. At this low level of voltage, any installation or prior testing errors can be safely detected with
minimum risk of damaging the equipment. SVC control, synchronization, and controller stability can be
verified at a safer, scaled-down voltage. However, low-voltage energization tests involve considerable
effort and some temporary modification or disconnection of the circuit, and it should be evaluated, on a
case-to-case basis, as to whether or not this extra effort is justifiable. The details of the test modifications
should be discussed between the supplier and the purchaser before deciding to proceed with the test.
Consideration should be given to the following points.
a) Method of defeating valve firing interlocks

b) Method of disabling protection and databack
c) Requirements for disconnection of main circuit connections
d) Voltage and current requirements for power supply
e) Requirement for voltage signal levels
This test will assure that the overall phase relation of the power circuit, firing pulse circuit, proper
monitoring, and fault annunciation for all thyristors and thyristor electronic circuits is correct. Generally,
this test is the most comprehensive check of the entire system prior to full-voltage energization.
Differential relay protection polarity also can be checked during this test. The scaled-down voltage
operation of the SVC will allow for vital control function checks without undue risk to the system.
It is important to treat this test as a full-voltage test from the point of view of safety procedures and final
trip testing. Systematic detailed trip testing should have been performed prior to this. All necessary safety
procedures shall be observed the same as with full-voltage energization.
As much of the SVC installation should be energized as is possible (in a practical sense). If possible, a
medium voltage should be applied to the SVC transformer primary. Alternatively, a low voltage can be
applied to the SVC bus.
WARNING
If the SVC transformer is energized from the low-voltage side, safety procedures shall be observed on the
high-voltage side.
Some parts of the SVC will require adjustments to operate in the low-voltage environment (i.e.,
synchronizing VT outputs may have to be stepped-up using auxiliary VTs). If this is not possible, the VTs
can be substituted with three-phase variable ac voltages in phase with the VT outputs. Voltage measuring
units on TSCs may need to be shunted to increase their sensitivities. Thyristor valves will require some
thyristors to be shunted to obtain a sufficient minimum voltage per thyristor. These shunts should be rotated
during the test to ensure that all thyristors are energized and controlled.
For the purpose of this test, the current rating of the test supply can be calculated as in Eq. (1):
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
Itest Q maxu Vmax

(V nominal ) 2
(1)
where
Q max is the larger of the following:
Q max , maximum inductive output of the SVC at V nominal

L
Q max , maximum capacitive output of the SVC at V nominal

C
V test , test voltage applied by the power supply
V nominal , nominal rated voltage of the SVC
During this test, as many functions of the SVC as possible should be tested. TCR, TSC, and filter currents,
as well as their unbalance currents, should be measured and extrapolated to full-voltage level.
5.3.1.3 Initial energization test
In preparation for initial energization tests, arrangements should be made with system operators to assure
that the ac network can absorb or generate the desired Mvars. The ac network configuration may need to be
changed to accommodate anticipated Mvar swings. As a last resort, testing may need to be limited to the
allowable levels, which may be lower than rated.
The first high-voltage energization may be performed in steps not necessarily in agreement with the normal
operating start-up sequence. The steps could be as follows:
a) Energize the power transformer with no load.

b) Energize the bus with all load-side disconnect switches open.
c) Energize the harmonic filters.
Typically, the lowest order filter should be energized first to avoid resonant overvoltages. If the system
conditions allow it, ultimately energize all filters simultaneously. During filter energization, bus voltage
changes should be monitored to obtain an indication of the relative strength (short circuit capacity) of the ac
system.
Care should be taken to avoid or minimize ferroresonance between the filters and the transformer when
opening the circuit breaker. Consideration should be given to modifying the test sequence if this is likely.
To isolate potential problem areas, each branch of the SVC system should be energized by adding a new
branch one at a time. As each branch has current passed through it for the first time, all the associated
protection circuits should be checked to ensure that the voltages and currents are as expected in each part of
the circuit. Additional capacitor unbalance protection tests may be carried out if required according to
5.3.2.9 below. Consideration may be given to soaking the transformer at no load for a period recommended
by the supplier as soon as its protection has been shown to be stable, following the initial filter
energization.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
The system operator should be informed of possible malfunctioning that could produce Mvar swings equal
to the TCR or TSC ratings.
Initial energization tests should be performed according to the supplier’s recommendations which may
include the sequence of energization of filters and other branches.
The TCR or TSR branch should be energized in manual mode, without issuing firing pulses (i.e., blocked,
to verify the integrity and voltage withstand capability of thyristors). Depending on the valve design, the
absence of firing pulses can be assured by different methods. In some valve designs, it may be adequate to
simply leave the branch blocked, whereas for other designs, the complete disabling of valve firing may be
required (e.g., by disconnecting the firing pulses but leaving the monitoring connections, or by disabling
the firing pulse generator).
The TCR should then be de-blocked and operated at a range of current levels from minimum to maximum
available current as system conditions and rating of other SVC plant allow. The system may have to be
adjusted to allow rated current to be passed through the TCR. As for the filters, the currents and voltages in
the protection circuits should be checked as soon as current is passed through the TCR.
The TSC branch can be energized in a similar manner. The TSC will be de-blocked at full current. To
ensure that the rating of the SVC is not exceeded, this test may have to be delayed until the TCR is
operating in automatic mode and is capable of limiting the Mvar output automatically.
The symmetry of the power circuit phases will be determined by measuring the SVC bus voltages and the
phase currents in each branch. Measured voltage and current values can be used to calculate actual
impedances.
If phase balancing circuits are used in the TCR branches, they should be adjusted to ensure that currents in
each of the three phases are equal.
For the TCR, the impedance will vary for different thyristor firing angles. For the TSC, TSR, and harmonic
filters, the branch impedance values will be nearly constant.
Differences in impedance measured among phases in the same branch will indicate that there can be
irregularities in inductance or capacitance values. For the TCR, the difference in phase impedance values
also can be an indication of thyristor firing angle asymmetry.
5.3.1.4 Operational start-up tests
All manual and automatic start-up and shutdown sequences should be tested separately on each of the SVC
branches. This may include a check that it is impossible to start the SVC if disconnects are not in the
correct position. This will demonstrate the controllability and the de-block and block capabilities of the
thyristor valves in each branch.
The emergency stop function should be tested early in the test sequence to verify correct operation.
5.3.2 Operational and performance tests
To gain flexibility for testing performance across the total operating range, system adjustment or variation
of the timing of the tests may be necessary under the control of the system operators. As noted above, the
Mvar output for each test should be stated in the test plan.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.3.2.1 SVC continuous operating range
The test of continuous operating range should verify that the SVC is capable of operating up to its specified
limits in the continuous operating mode, from maximum Mvar capacitive to maximum Mvar inductive.
The actual reactive power, Q actual (Mvar), output from the SVC system at nominal voltage can be
determined by direct measurements at the specified measurement point through use of the formula in Eq.
(2):
2
§ Vnom ·
Qactual Qmeasured u ¨ ¸ (2)
© Vmeasured ¹
where
V nom is the nominal voltage

V measured is the measured voltage
5.3.2.2 Verification of the SVC voltage characteristics
If the SVC installation is intended to control the system voltage, the slope characteristic of the SVC should
be verified by measurements and calculations. In the voltage control operating mode, the reactive power
output of the SVC should be adjusted by means of altering V ref , such that the SVC just obtains maximum
inductive output. The overall slope of the voltage characteristic for maximum inductive output should be
taken to be as in Eq. (3).
ªVmeasured Vref º
%Vslope « » u 100
¬ Vref ¼ (3)
Similarly the overall slope of the voltage characteristic for maximum capacitive output should be taken to
be as in Eq. (4).
ª Vref Vmeasured º
%Vslope « » u 100
«¬ Vref »¼ (4)
where
%V slope is the percentage slope
V measured is the measured bus voltage in per-unit (p.u.) of base voltage at the point of common
coupling (PCC)
V ref is the reference voltage in p.u. of base voltage
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
The slope of the SVC is the voltage change in % over the rated controlled current range of the SVC system
(see Figure 2).
Figure 2 —Slope of static var compensator system

In each case, the overall slope is expressed as a percentage voltage change per base MVA. The value of
% V slope should be adjusted between the values specified in the contract document.
The characteristic of the SVC is measured by adjusting the reference voltage, V ref in steps and recording
V ref , V measured , and SVC current at each step. The characteristic is drawn by plotting (V measured – V ref ) against
SVC current. The slope of the line is converted to percent, using the definitions above and compared with
the specified slope.
To judge the error between the specified slope and the actual slope, the specified slope should be
superimposed on the measured characteristic. Two additional lines, one on either side of the specified slope
should also be plotted. These two lines should be left and right of the specified slope by an agreed amount
and the plotted points should all lie within the band. This takes account of a current error for a given
voltage.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.3.2.3 Verification of load characteristics
The setting of the SVC (V ref or Mvar demand) should be varied over its entire range to verify its output at
the point of connection, in particular over the switching point of TSC or TSR branches. Recordings of
system voltages, SVC (transformer primary) currents, and the Mvar control signal should be used to verify
the output of the SVC, including branch switching. The output of the SVC should be within the specified
parameters.
5.3.2.4 Dynamic system tests
To verify the SVC system dynamic characteristics, steps in the reference values should be applied to test
the response of the SVC. For installations that are intended for voltage control, step changes in V ref should
be applied. For this test, the slope that is intended to be applied to the SVC in service should be used,
although tests at other slope settings can be carried out. If possible, records should be kept of SVC response
to the lowest system short circuit levels. In particular, the SVC should not become unstable during
minimum short circuit level conditions while maintaining good response during maximum short circuit
level conditions.
Depending on application, other tests may be performed. For example
a) For installations that are intended to respond to active and reactive power demands, a step change
in Q ref should be applied. Step inputs to Q ref should be made to obtain records of SVC response to
varying disturbances.
b) If the load to be compensated consists of fast changing dc loads, consideration should be given to
applying a sinusoidal input to Q ref of equivalent frequencies and magnitudes of the expected sub-
harmonic currents caused by the load. The SVC should provide stable and adequate compensation
as specified. It is worth noting that the ac network might be able to absorb the full capacitive-to full
inductive-and back Mvar swing (typically within 1 sec) better than it can absorb it in incremental
steps.
5.3.2.5 Special control function tests
All specified special control functions should be tested. The following control functions are given as
examples.
a) Tests of any special switching or sequencing operation (such as capacitor or reactor bank switching
b) Correction of unbalanced voltages
c) Automatic gain control
d) Power oscillation damping
e) Current, voltage, or Mvar limiting
f) TCR dc current reduction
g) Constant Mvar or susceptance control
h) Subsynchronous oscillation damping
i) Automatic re-configuration and reclosing following a fault within the SVC
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.3.2.6 Tests of redundancy
All redundant systems should be tested. To verify transfer times and disturbance-free operation, transfer
operations shall be performed under energized, in-service conditions.
Power circuit transfer and, if provided, cooling and auxiliary system transfer shall be evaluated and
compared to specified reliability requirements.
Testing, by simulated failure of redundant systems, should be performed at this time to ensure that double
contingencies result in an orderly shutdown or emergency stop.
5.3.2.7 Degraded operation
Degraded operating modes should be tested with SVC branch or harmonic filters taken out-of-service. The
reduced Mvar capabilities should be recorded and evaluated.
Interlocking for various out-of-service conditions should be verified.
5.3.2.8 Measurements of harmonics and distortion
Individual and total harmonic distortion factors should be obtained or calculated from actual voltage and
current harmonic measurements. Individual harmonic distortion, total harmonic distortion (THD),
telephone influence factor (TIF), and IT product factors should include all harmonics specified in IEEE Std
1031.
Harmonic and distortion measurements should be made at the PCC under the following conditions:
a) SVC system off. Under typical ac system operating conditions, these measurements will give the
background or reference values.
b) SVC system on. Under the above typical conditions, measurements should be made at several TCR
operating levels producing the highest single harmonic and highest THD.
During these tests, harmonic filter current magnitudes will indicate the effectiveness of filters and whether
loading is within design values.
The measurements made above should be compared with the limits contained in the purchaser’s
specification.
5.3.2.9 Capacitor unbalance protection tests
For all types of capacitors, secondary injection to the unbalance relay can be used to create an unbalance
current corresponding to calculations. Verification of alarm and trip condition is directly possible.
For capacitor banks with external fuses, the unbalance protection steps can be tested by simulating
capacitor fuse blowing with opening fuse links or terminal post connections. Alarm levels and subsequent
trip conditions should be verified and relay currents should be monitored to confirm calculations of relay
settings.
Where capacitors with internal fuses are used, the function of unbalance protection steps can be tested, if
requested by the purchaser, by introducing special test units into the bank to create unbalance. The
requirement for such special test units should be stated in the purchaser’s specification.
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.3.2.10 Measurements of noise and interference
To verify compliance with the specification requirement, other tests, such as measurements of the
following, can be performed (with and without the SVC in-service). These tests could be carried out during
the heat run.
a) Audible noise (AN)

b) Radio frequency interference from all sources (RFI)
c) Television interference (TVI)
d) Power line carrier (PLC)
e) Telephone line carrier (TLC)
f) Magnetic field strength
5.3.2.11 Heat run test
This test is performed to verify the loading conditions of the system components and to identify potential
hot-spots, either in the equipment or the connecting buswork.
The SVC should be adjusted manually to the point where maximum losses of the system are encountered.
Cooling system, individual equipment, and ambient temperatures should be recorded along with associated
electrical quantities over the period of the heat run. The test should continue until temperature equilibrium
is reached and maintained in the equipment and cooling system. Readings should be corrected for
maximum ambient temperature as indicated in the user’s specifications.
Particular attention should be given to the effectiveness of the valve cooling system. Maximum SVC losses
should be generated; redundant units should remain turned off (as applicable); equilibrium should be
achieved and maintained; and coolant input and output temperatures, pressures, and flow rates should be
monitored. The heat run should be verified with each of the redundant cooling components substituted one
at a time.
These tests should cover dynamic heat run tests to verify short time overload capabilities during cooling
system component failures.
The heat run tests should be repeated under derated conditions and load. This may include, for example,
tests at the maximum load allowed without spray water for an SVC with evaporative cooler.
Since maximum losses of the different components do not necessarily occur at the same working point, the
heat run should be repeated for maximum stress in the various components.
Careful infrared scanning of the equipment, buswork, ground connections, and fences can provide useful
information for potential hot-spots that may reveal loose connections or inductive heating. Signs of visible
or excessive audible corona should be looked for during the test. Currents in ground conductors should be
measured during the test.
5.3.2.12 SVC loss determination
The SVC losses are typically in the range of 0.5–0.75% of the total Mvar output. Total losses are best
determined by calculations using data from factory test reports and direct measurements in the field, where
such measurements are practical (such as auxiliary, cooling system, and building services).
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IEEE Std 1303-2011
Loss should be determined at various operating points, including normal, zero Mvar, maximum capacitive,
and maximum inductive output at the PCC and for all specified operating points for loss evaluation. All
equipment required to be in-service at the particular operating point should be included in the calculations.
The equipment losses listed below, as applicable, should be part of the loss determination at various load
levels. The loss determination for items a) through e) is based on factory measurements and additional
calculations considering harmonics and ambient conditions. The loss determination for items f) through h)
can be determined in the field by direct measurement at the auxiliary distribution breakers or at the
equipment terminals. To verify guaranteed losses, calculations may be required to derive the losses
incurred at the specified ambient temperature from those measured in the field at the actual ambient.
a) Power transformer
1) No load losses
2) Load loss
3) Harmonic losses (if specified by the purchaser)
b) TCR/TSR branches
1) Thyristor valve losses
2) Reactor losses
c) TSC branches
1) Thyristor valve losses
2) Capacitor losses
3) Reactor losses
d) Mechanically switched (MS) capacitors or reactors
1) Capacitor or reactor losses
2) Resistor losses (if any)
e) Harmonic filters
1) Reactor losses, including harmonic losses (if specified by the purchaser)
2) Capacitor losses, including harmonic losses (if specified by the purchaser)
3) Resistor losses, including harmonic losses (if specified by the purchaser)
f) Cooling system
1) Pump power consumption
2) Fan power consumption
3) Cooling medium treatment power consumption
g) Control system
1) Control power
h) Auxiliary system
1) Building services power consumption
2) Auxiliary transformer losses
3) Grounding transformer losses
25
IEEE Std 1303-2011
5.3.3 Trial operation
A period of time designated as “trial operation” may form part of the overall commissioning test program.
Trial operation should be carried out once it is considered that the SVC can be safely left unattended on the
system. The accepted running time is usually 5 to 10 days, with the SVC system functioning as intended in
the design and performance specifications, and without intentional disconnection from the ac network. Any
interruption should be analyzed.
5.4 Acceptance tests
Acceptance tests are those tests that the user reserves the right to re-perform or verify after the supplier
performs the commissioning tests and submits the test reports. Those commissioning tests that are to the
satisfaction of the purchaser do not have to be repeated. Acceptance tests should not commence until all
commissioning tests at the site are completed and test reports are submitted to the satisfaction of the user.
The acceptance test program may need to be modified based on the results of the commissioning tests and
interim test reports. New tests may need to be added or certain tests re-performed to address problems
brought out during commissioning.
Acceptance tests may include the following categories of tests:
a) Static (steady state) tests

b) Dynamic tests
c) Control tests
d) Staged fault tests
5.4.1 Static (steady state) tests
Acceptance tests of SVC systems are based on the preceding tests, witnessed and documented, as
applicable. The final adjustment, trimming, and debugging should have taken place during commissioning
tests.
During the acceptance period, a formal demonstration of the working system will be made. Operation
should be performed (typically by user’s personnel and with the supplier’s supervision) according to the
following suggested program.
5.4.1.1 Test of control functioning
a) Control sequences
1) Start/stop
2) Manual
3) Automatic
b) Emergency stop
c) Protection initiated stop
1) Isolation
2) Restart
26
IEEE Std 1303-2011
d) Control mode selection

1) Constant Mvar output
2) Constant system voltage
3) Float (zero Mvar output)
e) Transfer of operation
1) Local/remote
2) Manual/automatic
f) Control range capability sequences. In each control mode, demonstrate possible control over the
entire operating range by testing the following:
1) SVC Mvar capability (local/remote)
2) Voltage reference adjustment capability (local/remote)
3) Slope adjustment capability (local/remote)
4) Slope linearity
5) Current limiting action
g) Demonstration of control modes:
1) Set reference Q and verify constant Mvar output
2) Set reference voltage and verify constant system voltage
3) Maintain zero Mvar output
5.4.1.2 Load tests
Verify compensator operation at rated load in both rated capacitive and inductive loads (subject to system
limitations).
a) Verify system parameters, such as voltage, current, and Mvar at PCC

b) Verify SVC performance values
1) Losses (SVC efficiency)
2) Harmonic filter performance factors, such as individual and total harmonic distortion and TIF
3) Audible noise (indoor/outdoor)
4) Interference levels (optional)
5) Temperature rise
5.4.1.3 Redundancy test
Verify the functioning of redundant circuits. In each case, the functioning of signaling circuit, monitoring,
blocking, and disconnecting sequences should be demonstrated clearly following the loss of various
redundant systems.
a) Verify disturbance-free operation of SVC with the following:

1) Simulated single-thyristor failure
2) Simulated capacitor unit failure
b) Verify disturbance-free operation of SVC upon transfer to redundant circuit
27
IEEE Std 1303-2011
1) Transfer of valve cooling system to standby unit

2) Transfer of auxiliary ac/dc services
3) Transfer to uninterruptable power supply (UPS) operation (if furnished)
c) Verify derated operation or orderly shutdown
1) Multiple thyristor failure
2) Multiple capacitor failure
3) Loss of any one SVC branch
4) Double failure of auxiliary system
5) Unavailability of redundant circuit when called upon
5.4.1.4 Test of protection schemes
Protection scheme tests can be performed by simulating faults to verify the effectiveness of protection at
various points in the SVC system. However, it is advisable to limit the number of breaker tripping to one
from each of the following typical groups of protection:
a) Power circuit fault simulation

1) Trip main breaker
2) Verify relay redundancy
3) Verify breaker failure protection
4) Valve fault
5) High-voltage bus fault
6) Power transformer fault
7) SVC bus fault
8) SVC branch fault (per branch)
9) Harmonic filter fault
10) Capacitor bank fault
11) Reactor fault
b) Control system failure simulation
1) The method of simulation should be worked out with the manufacturer.
c) Valve failure simulation
1) Simulated single-thyristor failure
2) Simulated multiple-thyristor failure
d) Cooling system failure
1) Multiple cooling system component failure
e) Auxiliary power system failure
1) Multiple auxiliary power system failure
2) DC control power failure
3) UPS failure during transfer
28
IEEE Std 1303-2011
f) Support system failure

1) Monitoring system fault
2) Alarm system fault
3) Fault recording system failure
4) Sequence of events recorder failure
5.4.2 Dynamic tests
To verify the behavior of the SVC, system disturbances should be applied. These disturbances will try to
displace the operating point within the normal control range of regulation without excursions outside the
limits, but exercising both TSC and TCR. Response time of the SVC should be monitored.
The following actual operating conditions can provide valuable test data for system performance:
a) Transmission line(s) switched into and out of service, energization of nearby capacitor banks, or
loading of transformer bank.
b) Placing SVC into service, taking SVC out of service.
c) System response when SVC is operated across the whole range by step change of reference point
(V ref , Q ref ) subject to system limitation.
d) In order to assess transient and possible resonance phenomena, current waveforms in each filter
branch and voltage waveforms across each filter branch element should be recorded during the
following SVC operating conditions:
1) Normal SVC start-up and shutdown sequences, at least three consecutive occasions.
2) Normal load switching sequences should be performed at least three times.
3) Sample measurements made across the normal operating range.
It is recommended that measurements of the above switching events be made with high-resolution (kHz
range) recorders that can trace the actual transients. These records can be used to determine the magnitude
of dynamic voltages and currents that are seen by the filter elements. The records should be kept as
reference for future measurements to verify that filter effectiveness and system operating conditions have
not changed.
5.4.3 Control tests
Special control functions specified in the contract, such as capacitor bank switching, special regulator
functions, automatic testing of standby equipment, etc., should be demonstrated under realistic operating
conditions.
5.4.4 Staged fault tests
Actual staged fault tests should be implemented only after a thorough study of their effects on the ac
system. Staged faults should be completely under utility (user) management.
Before carrying out staged fault tests, a number of factors should be taken into consideration.
a) The reasons and necessity for the test, e.g., what results can be gathered that cannot be gathered in
another way. Other ways of recording the performance of the SVC during faults may be by the use
29
IEEE Std 1303-2011
of modern digital fault recorders (DFR) can be set to trigger and record the response of the SVC
during any fault, thus reducing the necessity for the test. Can a simulated fault, as described in 5.4.5
be carried out instead? Is it necessary to check the performance of the SVC during faults on the
system, because the system model used for simulation during control performance tests differs from
the real system because of modeling limitations?
b) The extent of the tests, e.g., the performance of the SVC, should be checked for the worst fault,
which is rare, as well as less severe faults and faults within the SVC. Fault severity is usually
dependent on the location of the fault, the most severe being the ones applied on the bus to which
the SVC is connected. Less severe faults will be applied on a transmission line at some distance
from the substation where the SVC is installed, or at a lower voltage bus in the substation.
Knowing the expected voltage drop at the SVC bus, the fault location can be calculated or
established with a short circuit analysis program.
As they occur more often on a transmission network, single-line-to-ground faults should be
preferred. Also their asymmetry will likely exercise more functions of the SVC control and
protection systems.
c) The effect of the tests on other users, including members of the public. This includes the effect on
other users if the result of the test is unexpected and causes damage to other equipment. Agreement
to carry out the tests should be reached with other users before the tests take place.
d) Timing of the tests, including time of day when least disruption to other users will be caused, time
when system conditions are as required.
e) Ensure that protection settings are correct.
f) Because of the method of performing the test, the undervoltage duration is short. Is there an aspect
of the performance of the SVC and its auxiliary systems during long duration faults that cannot be
tested?
g) The expense of preparing and carrying out the test.
To gain the maximum amount of useful data, exact procedures should be prepared and carried out with
extreme precision of measurement sequence and duration. Personnel and equipment safety shall be
maintained at all times. Special backup protection may be considered for added ac system security.
NOTE 5 —Due to ac system configuration or loading condition, it may not be possible to perform these tests
during the period of commissioning.
The description of a typical test method appears in Annex C.
5.4.5 Simulated fault tests
A test can be designed as an alternative to staged fault tests by simulating a system fault or an overvoltage
condition at the input of the voltage measuring unit and the synchronizing unit. A typical setup as described
in Annex D can be used to provide a controlled voltage sag or swell at the input of the SVC control. A
similar setup could be applied to each phase.
5
Notes in text, tables, and figures of a standard are given for information only and do not contain requirements needed to implement
this standard.
30
IEEE Std 1303-2011
Annex A
(informative)
Bibliography
Bibliographical references are resources that provide additional or helpful material but do not need to be
understood or used to implement this guide. Reference to these resources is made for informational use
only.
[B1] Ball, W. C., and Poarch, C. K., “Telephone influence factor (TIF) and its measurement,” AIEE
Transactions, vol. 79, part 1, pp. 659–664, Jan. 1961.
[B2] CCITT, “Directives concerning the protection of telecommunication lines against harmful effects
from electric lines,” International Telegraph and Telephone Consultative Committee (CCITT),
International Communication Union, Geneva, 1963. 6
[B3] Choi, S. S., et al., “Performance testing of a long distance radial static var compensated transmission
system and validation of simulation results, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 1509–
1517, Nov. 1988. 7
[B4] Christoforidis, G. P., and Meliopoulos, A. P. S., “Effects of modeling on the accuracy of harmonic
analysis,” IEEE Power Engineering Society 1990 Winter Meeting, paper no. 90 WM 047-1 PWRD,
Atlanta, GA, Feb. 1990.
[B5] Dixon, R. A., et al., “The design requirements and site testing of a 40 Mvar thyristor controlled static
compensator for the 330 kV transmission system in Zambia,” IEE Conference, London, pp. 33–37, 1981.
[B6] EEI, “The telephone influence factor of supply system voltages and currents,” Supplement to
Engineering Report No. 33, Joint Committee on Development and Research, Edison Electric Institute and
Bell Telephone System, EEI Publication 60–68, Sept. 1960.
[B7] Feimer, G. E., et al., “Trans Alta Utilities SVC commissioning tests at Langdon Alberta,” CEA
Toronto, Mar. 1986.
[B8] Gole, A. M., and Sood, V. K., “A static compensator model for use with electromagnetic transients
simulation programs,” IEEE Power Engineering Society 1990 Winter Meeting, paper no. 90 WM 078-6
PWRD, Atlanta, GA, Feb. 1990.
[B9] Gutman, R., Keane, J. J., Rahman, M. Ea., and Veraas, O., “Application and operation of a static var
system on a power system—American electric power experience, part II: equipment design and
installation,” IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. PAS-104, no. 7, pp. 1875–1880,
July 1985.
[B10] Gyugyi, L., et al., “Principles and application of static thyristor controlled shunt compensator,” IEEE
Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. PAS-97, pp. 1935–1945, Sept./Oct. 1978.
[B11] Hauge, O., et al., The 360 MVar Static Compensator in Hasle, Norway, CIGRE Report 31-10, 1984
session, CIGRE.
[B12] Hingorani, N. G. and Gyugyi L., Understanding FACTS: Concepts and Technology of Flexible AC
Transmission Systems, Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2000.
[B13] IEEE Std 18TM, IEEE Standard for Shunt Power Capacitors (ANSI).
6
CCITT publications are available from the International Telecommunications Union, Sales Section, Place des Nations, CH-1211,
Genève 20, Switzerland/Suisse (http://www.itu.int/). They are also available in the United States from the U.S. Department of
Commerce, Technology Administration, National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA 22161, USA.
7
IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854,
USA (http://standards.ieee.org/).
31
IEEE Std 1303-2011
[B14] IEEE Std 80TM, IEEE Guide for Safety in AC Substation Grounding (ANSI).
[B15] IEEE Std 857-1996TM, IEEE Recommended Practice for Test Procedures for High-Voltage Direct-
Current Thyristor Valves (ANSI).
[B16] IEEE C2-2007TM, National Electrical Safety Code, 2006.
[B17] IEEE Std C57.21TM, IEEE Standard Requirements, Terminology, and Test Code for Shunt Reactors
Rated Over 500 kVA.
[B18] IEEE, “Application of static var systems for system dynamic performance,” IEEE Publication
87TH0187-5-PWR, 1987.
[B19] IEEE, “Reactive power: basics, problems and solutions,” IEEE Publication 87EH 0262-6-PWR,
1987.
[B20] IEEE, “Static var compensators: planning, operating and maintenance experience,” IEEE Publication
90TH 0320-2-PWR, 1990.
[B21] IEC 60700-1, Thyristor valves for high voltage direct current (HVDC) power transmission—Part 1:
Electrical testing.
[B22] IEC 61954, Power electronics for electrical transmission and distribution systems—Testing of
thyristor valves for static VAR compensators.
[B23] Karady, G. G., “Continuous regulation of capacitive reactive power,” IEEE paper no. 91, SM 505-8
PWRD, IEEE Power Engineering Society 1991 Summer Meeting, San Diego, CA, 1991.
[B24] Mathur, R. M. (ed.), Static Compensators for Reactive Power Control, Canadian Electrical
Association, Committee on Static Compensation Engineering and Operating Division, Winnipeg: Cantext
Publications, 1984.
[B25] Mathur, R. M., and Varma, R. K., Static Controllers for Electrical Transmission Systems, New
York, NY: IEEE/Wiley, 2001.
[B26] Mathur, R. M.., and Varma, R. K, Thyristor-Based FACTS Controllers for Electrical Transmission
Systems, New York, NY: IEEE/Wiley, 2002.
[B27] Miller, T. J. E., Reactive Power Control in Electrical Systems, New York, NY: John Wiley and
Sons, 1982.
[B28] Rostamkolai, N., Piwko, R. J., Larsen, E. V., Fisher, D. A., Mobarak, M. A., and Poitras, A. E.,
“Subsynchronous torsional interactions with static var compensators—concepts and practical implications,”
IEEE Power Engineering Society 1989 Summer Meeting, paper no. 89 SM 663-6 PWRS, Long Beach, CA,
July, 1989.
[B29] van der Sluis, L., and Janssen, A. L. J., “Clearing faults near shunt capacitor banks,” IEEE Power
Engineering Society 1990 Winter Meeting, paper no. 90 WM 188-3 PWRD, Atlanta, GA, Feb. 1990.
[B30] Xu, W., Marti, J. R., and Dommel, H. W., “Harmonic analysis of systems with static compensators,”
IEEE Power Engineering Society 1990 Winter Meeting, paper no. 90 WM 099-2 PWRS, Atlanta, GA, Feb.
1990.
32
IEEE Std 1303-2011
Annex B
(normative)
Coordination of valve and valve firing circuits
The phase relationship between valve (LV) side and primary (HV) side is checked during transformer
factory testing and, in case of single phase transformers, during transformer commissioning at site. The
phase coordination between synchronizing voltage and valve phases is checked during the simulator tests
together with the VBE. The routing of the firing pulse control and VBE is depicted from a coordination
diagram. At valve commissioning, each connection of fiber optic cable (identified by labels) to the VBE
can be checked once more if a low-voltage firing test is not carried out (see 5.3.1.2).
Any of the three methods shown below can be used to test ETT valves or LTT valves. The choice of
method should be agreed between the supplier and purchaser.
a) Check of firing pulses for ETT valves or LTT valves.

b) Alternative 1—Testing without firing pulse to gate electronics.
This test (Figure B.1) shows the phase relationship between the voltage across the valve and the fire pulse.
Oscilloscope
r al
rte tric
Voltage probe Voltage probe
ve ec
on l
C a l /E
ic
pt
O
+ =
Gate Firing fiber
U 1 2
- Electronics Databack fiber
Figure B.1—Test circuit alternative 1 for fire pulse check
The check is to be performed by applying low voltage (approximately 100 to 400 V) to the thyristor level,
but without passing current through the valve. The low-voltage source shall be in phase with the inputs to
the controls, noting any phase change between the timing voltage and the valve voltage in the real circuit.
The test is done by disconnecting the trigger pulse to one thyristor pair in each phase of the valve, by
removing the firing fiber to the gate electronics and connecting them to the optical/electrical converter.
Check all thyristor pairs in the valve in the same way. Check that the phase relation between the voltage
and the trigger pulse is according to Figure B.2 on the next page.
33
IEEE Std 1303-2011
CAUTION
Be aware that the valve is energized with a few hundred volts, when handling the oscilloscope, use all
appropriate precautions, such as the use of an insulating transformer on the oscilloscope supply and the
treatment of the chassis of the scope as live when test leads are connected to the valve.
ATTENTION
When testing LTT valves, wear laser protection glasses in the thyristor valve room, for protection from
laser light sent from VBE.
U 90º
Zt
Firing
pulses
Zt
Thyristor
1 2 1 2
No.
TCR/TSR
U 90º
Zt
Firing
pulses
Zt
Thyristor
2 1 2 1
No.
TSC
Figure B.2—Phase relationship between the voltage across the valve and the fire pulse
34
IEEE Std 1303-2011
c) Alternative 2—Testing with firing pulse to gate electronics.
This test (Figure B.3) shows the phase relationship between the valve voltage and the fire pulse and
demonstrates that the valve level fires correctly. In addition, the test demonstrates that the databack
(checkback) system is functioning correctly.
Alternative 2 to be used if the valve controls have been excluded in the control system acceptance tests or if
modifications has been done to the design of the gate electronics or if problems with misfiring are
experienced after SVC energization.
Oscilloscope
Current probe
Voltage probe
+
Gate Firing fiber
U 1 2
- Electronics Databack fiber
Gate Firing fiber

Electronics Databack fiber
Figure B.3—Test circuit alternative 2 for fire pulse check
NOTE—One gate lead must be disconnected if thyristor valve is electrically connected.
The check is to be performed by applying low voltage (approximately 100 to 400 V) to the thyristor level,
and passing current through the valve. The low-voltage source shall be in phase with the inputs to the
controls.
To be able to trigger thyristors with low voltage it is necessary to jumper all other thyristor pairs so that
voltage is applied across one pair in each phase. More then one pair can be tested at a time if the test
voltage is high enough to give more then 100 V on each pair.
The test is done by disconnecting the trigger pulse to one thyristor pair in each phase of the valve, by
removing the firing fiber to the gate electronics.
Check all thyristor pairs in the valve in the same way. Check that the phase relation between the voltage
and the trigger pulse is according to Figure B.1.
The impedance is used to limit the current in case of conducting thyristor.
35
IEEE Std 1303-2011
CAUTION
Be aware that the valve is energized with a few hundred volts. When handling the oscilloscope, use all
appropriate precautions, such as the use of an insulating transformer on the oscilloscope supply and the
treatment of the chassis of the scope as live when test leads are connected to the valve.
If this test is used to check the firing of an LTT valve, the current probe should be connected in the supply
circuit to the valve.
ATTENTION
When testing LTT valves, wear laser protection glasses in the thyristor valve room, for protection from
laser light sent from VBE.
d) Alternative 3—Testing of thyristor firing
Testing the signal line (firing pulses) from VBE light emitters to the thyristors in the valve (includes pre-
installed fiber optics to each thyristor)
Pre-conditions:
All fiber optics between VBE and valve are connected.

VBE active
Activation of VBE test mode:
Thyristor cooling is in on position, water flow through thyristors and snubber resistance
Connect a dc voltage source to an antiparallel thyristor pair according to drawing below. The light bulb is
used to limit the current in case of thyristor conduction and to check the correct thyristor firing. Include
voltage and current measurement devices as shown in Figure B.4.
ATTENTION
Wear laser protection glasses in the thyristor valve room, for protection from laser light sent from VBE.
Put the VBE into position to generate a 50 μs laser pulse sequence (or firing pulse) which is sent to all
thyristors of valve in phase L1-L2 (L2-L3, L3-L1).
If the thyristor firing is correct:
The electrical circuit via the bulb is closed and the bulb will light up. Due to the dc voltage the bulb
remains on.
The current flow is approximately 0.15 A (based on equipment shown in Figure B.4).
The thyristor monitoring in the VBE shows the thyristor alarm messages “No databack (checkback)
signal” of all thyristors which are not connected to the dc voltage.
Change the polarity at the thyristor pair, and repeat the test for the antiparallel thyristor as well.
Repeat the test for all thyristor pairs and all thyristor valves.
36
IEEE Std 1303-2011
Banana
plug on
heat sinks
+
Bulb
Uac=230 V
P = 60 W
+ -
DC
Voltage source U
DC Injection: - Antiparallel +
V=200 Vdc thyristors
I Banana
Measured current: plug on
0 mA heat sinks
Figure B.4— Test circuit alternative 3 for fire pulse check
37
IEEE Std 1303-2011
Annex C
(informative)
Staged fault tests
C.1 Typical staged fault method
A typical test consists of fixing a target to the bus or overhead conductor to be faulted under an outage,
making the system live, and then firing a device trailing resistance wire from the ground or another bus at
the target. The fault current flows through the resistance wire until the wire burns out and the current is
extinguished.
If faults are to be staged at several locations, several targets can be fixed at these locations prior to the tests.
The equipment used for firing the wire at the target can then be moved quickly from one fault location to
the next until the tests are complete. The wire and the device used to create the fault will be destroyed
during each test, so sufficient devices are required for the tests envisaged. A program of tests should be
produced prior to the tests and it should be agreed with all parties within the utility who may be affected by
the tests. In particular, the system control center should agree with the program and the timing of the tests.
The device would typically comprise a weight of known mass which can be fired by a compressed gas
launcher. The weight is attached to one end of the coil of resistance wire of the correct length, and the other
end of the wire is connected to a suitable ground conductor, or, if a phase-to-phase fault is being staged, the
wire is attached to the other bus. To determine the gas pressure to be used for the launch, the operator
would refer to a curve of projectile weight versus height of conductor.
To protect the safety of the test personnel, the device must be capable of being fired from a remote point
such as the trailer where the tests are being coordinated. A radio operated or fiber trigger may be suitable,
especially if a phase-to-phase fault is being staged and the launch equipment is at high voltage.
As an alternative, a fuse wire attached to a pendulum can be used. The pendulum is released to come in
contact with the live conductor. Fuse wire application emulates the most common faults which are caused
by lightning. Shortly after fault initiation, the wire will vaporize allowing normal reclosing of the circuit
after fault clearing and a deionization time.
Either of the above methods will simulate the effect of lightning.
To create a short circuit fault, a bolted conductor is installed between the phase conductor and the ground at
the fault location. The fault is then applied and cleared by the line breaker at the substation. The breaker
can be closed by the operator letting the normal protection act to re-open the breaker. Alternatively the
complete close-open operation of the breaker could be generated by a sequencer allowing controlling the
instant (point-on-wave) of application of the fault and its duration; this approach would most likely need
temporary modifications to the protection. Instead of applying the fault with the line circuit breaker, a
portable circuit breaker or a high-speed ground switch could be temporarily installed for that duty at the
fault location.
38
IEEE Std 1303-2011
Annex D
(informative)
Simulated fault tests
A test can be designed as an alternative to staged fault tests by simulating a system fault or an overvoltage
condition at the input of the voltage measuring unit and the synchronizing unit. A typical setup as described
in Figure D.1 can be used to provide a controlled voltage sag or swell at the input of the SVC control. A
similar setup could be applied to each phase.
Figure D.1—Typical simulation set-up
The main objective of this test is to observe the proper dynamic behavior of the control system and the
corresponding variation in valve current. The undervoltage and overvoltage strategies can be verified. Care
should be taken since the system voltage at the primary and the secondary of the coupling transformer and
the valve voltage will not correspond to the sag or swell as seen by the control system but will be rather a
function of the total controlled susceptance of the compensator. The VT secondary fuse or circuit breaker
failure protection logic or other alarms related to undervoltage logic should be disabled depending on the
voltage level where the simulated fault is applied.
39

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IEEE Guide for Static Var

IEEE Power & Energy Society

IEEE Guide for Static Var

Approved 16 June 2011

Approved 17 October 2012

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

Copyright © 2011 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.

PDF: ISBN 978-0-7381-6685-8 STD97127

Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board

Laws and regulations

Updating of IEEE documents

Chris Horwill, Chair

Hubert Bilodeau Peter Lips Dan Sullivan

William J. Ackerman David Harris Anne-Marie Sahazizian

Richard H. Hulett, Chair

Masayuki Ariyoshi Jim Hughes Gary Robinson

Satish K. Aggarwal, NRC Representative

3. Definitions and Acronyms.......................................................................................................................... 3

4. Preparation of a field test program ............................................................................................................. 5

5. Implementation of a field test program ...................................................................................................... 8

Annex A (informative) Bibliography ........................................................................................................... 31

Annex B (normative) Coordination of valve and valve firing circuits ......................................................... 33

Annex C (informative) Staged fault tests ..................................................................................................... 38

Annex D (informative) Simulated fault tests................................................................................................ 39

This guide does not

a) Equipment tests within the SVC system

3. Definitions and Acronyms

DFR digital fault recorder

4. Preparation of a field test program

4.1 Test program phases

A comprehensive field test program includes the following major phases:

4.2 Inspection and test plans (ITPs)

4.2.1 Contents of the ITP

The ITP should contain at least the following information:

Figure 1 —Sample inspection and test plan

4.2.2 Field test categories covered by the ITP

5. Implementation of a field test program

a) Equipment tests relating to individual items

5.1 Equipment tests

a) Inspection of equipment upon arrival to site

5.1.2 Thyristor valve

5.1.2.1 Installation checks

5.1.2.2 Power supply to valve electronics

5.1.2.3 Fiber optic

5.1.2.4 Coolant circuit

a) Check the coolant circuit connections against drawings.

5.1.2.5 Contact resistance

5.1.2.6 Grading network impedance

5.1.2.7 Auxiliary connections

a) Check all auxiliary connections on the valve for tightness.

5.1.3 Valve cooling equipment (skid or package)

5.1.3.1 Installation verification

5.1.3.2 Cooling power supplies

a) Record the power supply input voltage of each supply.

5.1.3.3 Cooling auxiliary equipment

5.1.3.4 Pumps and fans

a) Verify rotation direction.

a) Verify conductivity meters.

5.1.3.7 Flow meters

a) Verify correct installation of flow meters.

5.1.3.8 Pressure test

5.1.4 Control equipment

5.1.4.1 Power supplies