The following mitigation is set out to address specific deficiencies identified in current

waste management practice at Tarbela Dam.

To minimise the effects of using the landfill areas at Topi and Ghazi, as part
of the development of its operational waste management plan WAPDA should
consider the potential to develop an international standard landfill site within
its property/ TDP site and dispose all non-recyclable waste there according to
international best practice.
WAPDA should review existing practices for the treatment and disposal of
sanitary and sewerage effluents and identify and implement a solution in
accordance with GIIP. This may require the development of new or
rehabilitation of existing waste water treatment plants on site in accordance
with GIIP.
If it is necessary to use Gas Insulated Switchgear, ensure management
procedures are in place for installing, maintaining and operating the GIS and
that the procedures are in line with GIIP.
Medical wastes will be stored and transported as follows:
Colour coded medical waste containers will be used. These will be punctureproof
(usually made of metal or high-density plastic) and fitted with covers
Bags and containers for infectious waste will be marked with the
international infectious substance symbol
Wastes will be stored in a waste management area
Wastes will be transported to a medical facility with a licence for waste
incineration
Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority 7-60
7.7.14 Summary of Mitigation
A summary of the mitigation and enhancements measures identified earlier in the Section
is provided below.
Table 7.37: Mitigation and enhancement measures for materials use and waste
arisings
Type of Measure Impacts Mitigated or Enhanced Detail
Embedded
mitigation –
mitigation which is
built-in to the
Project during the
design and
procurement
process
Use of potentially finite and / or scarce
resources
Ineffective spoil / excavated material
handling, storage and disposal causing
contamination of environment or
sedimentation of water resources
Utilise the principles of the waste
management hierarchy
Reuse of spoil for backfilling involved in
penstock and LLO. Spoil will also be
reused as fill material to level the
proposed switchyard location
Mitigation of
significant effects
Contamination of environments
(particularly surface water in plunge
pools, groundwater and the ground)
due to leakage and spillage of wastes
associated with poor waste handling
and storage arrangements
Fugitive emissions, such as dust,
associated with the handling and
storage of some waste streams
The use of landfill, which is a finite
resource
Detail material storage, handling and use
procedures.
Implement waste management plans for
construction and operation, according to
national and international legislation and
GIIP
Reuse and recycle materials wherever
possible
Follow dust management procedures
identified in Section 8.3.
Mitigation of nonsignificant
effects
Visual amenity impacts associated
with poor storage of waste
Increased waste miles from
transporting waste materials from the
Project site
Detail material storage, handling and use
procedures in ESMP
Implement waste management plans for
construction and operation, according to
national and international legislation and
GIIP
Reuse and recycle materials wherever
possible
Follow dust management procedures
Enhancement
measures
The use of finite landfill resource
Increased ‘waste miles’ from
transporting waste materials from the
Project site
Identify opportunities for the Project to
help and strengthen regional and/or local
community capacity in waste
management, especially with regard to
recycling (eg use of community-based
recycling organisations within the site
proximity, if any)
7.7.15 Residual Impacts
Residual effects are those that remain significant after mitigation has been implemented.
The mitigation measures identified above will ensure that the vast majority of waste
generated as a result of the Project will be managed according to environmental best
practice and the risk to the environment is significantly reduced.
On consideration of the expected impacts and proposed mitigation and management
measures the only residual impact expected to remain is the use of finite landfill resource
where waste re-use or recovery is not feasible. The creation and use of landfill as a
disposal option for some waste streams is expected to persist throughout the life of the
Pakistan Water and Power Development Authority 7-61
Project with notable peaks expected during the construction (and decommissioning)
phases.
7.7.16 Proposed Monitoring
Monitoring of waste mitigation measures will be conducted for the duration of the
construction phase. The Project team will set out a materials usage and waste
management monitoring program to address all activities that have been identified to
have potentially significant impacts on the environment during construction and
operation.
Procedures for monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation proposed in the ESMP will be
incorporated within the detailed SWMP and the SWMP procedure during construction
and operation respectively. Monitoring will be sufficient to provide representative data
for the parameter being monitored, and will be conducted by trained individuals
following monitoring and record-keeping procedures. Monitoring data will be analyzed
and reviewed at regular intervals and compared with the operating standards so that any
necessary corrective actions can be taken.
7.7.17 Statement of Significance
Volumes of waste generated during the construction phase of the Project are expected to
be high and will require careful management to ensure adverse impacts are not realized.
However, good site waste management practices are well understood and provided the
mitigation set out in this Section is implemented it has been assessed that the only
significant impact remaining will be in relation to the use of landfill facilities which are a
finite resource.
7.8 Ecology