Research in Environmental Pollution: A

Review

Introduction:

Pollution is the introduction by man into the environment of substances or

energy liable to cause hazards to human health, harm to living resources and ecological

systems. It is mostly caused by human impact on the environment which causes global

warming, environmental degradation, mass extinction, biodiversity loss and climate

chnange. Our survival on Earth depends on three basic resources – water, air and soil,

nature’s three valuable gifts to mankind. These valuable gifts have been depleted as

pollution continues to worsen.

Types of Pollution:

Air pollution is one of the most dangerous forms of pollution A biological,

chemical and physical alteration of the air occurs when smoke, dust, and any harmful

gases enter into the atmosphere. Burning of fossil fuels, agriculture related activities,

mining operations and exhaust from industries and factories entail air pollution. People

release a huge amount of chemical substances in the air everyday. The effect of

pollution are alarming. It causes global warming, acid rains, respiratory and heart

problems, and eutrophication. A lot of wildlife species are forced to change their habitat

in order to survive.
 Soil pollution occurs when the presence of pollutants, contaminants, and toxic

chemicals in the soil is in high concentration that has negative effects on wildlife, plants,

humans, and ground water. Industrial activity, waste disposal, agricultural activities, acid

rain are the main causes of soil pollution. This type of contamination influence health on

humans, affect the growth of plants, decreases soil fertility, and changes the soil

structure.

Water pollution is able to lead our world on a path of destruction. Water is one

of the greatest natural resources of the whole humanity. Nothing will be able to live

without water. The key causes of h water pollution are: industrial waste, oil leakage,

mining activities, sewage and waste water, burning of fossil fuels, animal waste and

chemical pesticides and fertilizers. There is lesser water available for drinking, cooking,

irrigating crops, and washing.

Noise pollution takes place when noise and unpleasant sounds causes

temporary disruption in the natural balance. It is usually caused by industrialization,

social events, poor urban planning, transportation, and construction activities. Noise

pollution leads to hearing problems, health issues, cardiovascular issues, sleeping

disorders, and trouble communicating. Moreover, it affects wildlife a lot. It is very

important to understand noise pollution in order to lower it’s impact on the environment.

Solution to pollution problems:

 We should make sustainable transportation choices. We should take advantage

of public transportation, walk or ride bikes whenever possible, consolidate our

trips.
  It is very important to make sustainable food choices. Choose local food

whenever possible; buy organically grown vegetables and fruits or grow your

own.

 People should conserve energy. Turn off electronics and lights when you are not

in the room. Consider what small changes can lead to big energy savings. Use

energy efficient devices.

 It is essential to understand the concept of Reduce, Reuse and Recycle. Try to

buy used items whenever possible. Choose products with minimal packaging.

Buy reusable items. Remember that everything you purchase can be recycled.

 Conserve water as much as possible. Dispose of toxic waste properly. Do not

use pesticides. Use natural, environmentally friendly chemicals for your everyday

chores.

 Avoid the habit of single use plastic. Use environmentally materials whenever

possible.

 Keep track of your carbon footprints and reduce them as much as possible.

Conclusion:

Environmental pollution is one of the biggest problem caused by human

activities that we should overcome to see a tomorrow and guarantee our children a

beautiful surroundings and healthy life. There are many environmental concerns all

around the world to be addressed. We should always remember that pollution affects us

all so in order to mitigate pollution, we must first change our behavior. Educate
ourselves about the effects of it and spread awareness of what to do and what must not

do. Encourage people to stop pollution, and tell them everything you know about this

problem. People should know about the consequences of environmental pollution in

order to prevent the worst from happening. Let us protect our home, Earth so that life

continues. Famous quotes that will inspire people to do this: “Be the change that you

wish to see in the world”-Mahatma Gandhi, “Never doubt that a small group of

thoughtful, committed citizens can change the world., Indeed, it is the only thing that

ever has”-Margaret Mead, “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use

to change the world”-Nelson Mandela and “Yesterday I was clever, so I wanted to

change the world. Today I am wise, so I am changing myself”-Rumi.

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 Dwivedi. A.K. and Sashi(2007). Species erosion, the shrinking biodiversity- An

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 Dwivedi, A.K.(@008). An express issue, down to eath, 16(22):4-6