Inversions and Emphatic Structures 4

SO (si) este urmat de Verb Auxiliar, care trebuie sa fie la acelasi timp cu verbul
din
propozitia principala, si Subiect:
S + P + SO + Aux + S
I love her and so do you. (Eu o iubesc si la fel si tu.)
They have left early and so has she. (Ei au plecat devreme si la fel si ea.)
He hated me and so did his parents. (El ma ura si la fel si parintii lui.)
!!!!! Atentie: daca dupa SO nu avem inversiune ci avem S + P atunci se
schimba sensul
si inseamna ca esti de acord cu ceea ce s-a spus.
You are sitting on my hat. (Stai pe palaria mea.)
So am I. (Si eu la fel.) (daca facem inversiune, spunem ca si noi facemi acelasi
lucru)
So I am. (Asa este, ai dreptate) (daca nu facem inversiune, inseamna ca suntem de
acord
cu ceea ce s-a spus)
In expresiile cu either si neither ordinea in propozitie este urmatoarea:
S + P + AND + NEITHER + AUX Positive + S (si nici ...)
They didn’t like him and neither did I. (Ei nu il placeau pe el si nici eu.)
S + P + AND + S + AUX NEG. + EITHER (si nici ...)
They didn’t like him and I didn’t either. (Ei nu il placeau pe el si nici eu.)
!! Atentie: Verbul Auxiliar, trebuie sa fie la acelasi timp cu verbul din propozitia
principala.
In Conditionale inversiunea se face inlocuind IF cu SHOULD la tipul I si WERE
la tipul II si III. Tipul III mai poate inlocui IF cu HAD.
Type 1. IF + S + SHOULD + VB. INF. ... => SHOULD + S + Vb. INF. ...
If I should meet him, I will tell him the news. (Daca se intampla sa il
intalnesc, ii voi spune vestile.) =>
Should I meet him, I will tell him the news. (Daca se intampla sa il intalnesc, ii voi
spune
vestile.)
Type 2. IF + S + PAST SIMPLE + ... => WERE + S + LONG INFINITIVE + ...
If I saw her there, I would be surprised. (Daca as vedea-o aici, as fi surprins.)
If I were to see her there, I would be surprised. (PAST SIMPLE se transforma in
WERE + Long Inf.)
Were I to see her there, I would be surprised.
Tipul 3 de conditionala face inversiunea in doua feluri:
Type 3. IF + S + PAST PERFECT + ... => HAD + S + Vb. III/ -ED + ...
If I had seen him, I would have talked with him. (Daca l-as fi vazut, as fi vorbit cu
el.)
Had I seen him, I would have talked with him.
If + S + PAST PERFECT + ... => WERE + S + PERFECT INFINITIVE (to have + Vb.
III/
-ed) + ...
If I had seen him, I would have talked with him. (Daca l-as fi vazut, as fi vorbit cu
el.)
If I were to have seen him, I would have talked with him. (Past Perfect se
transforma
in WERE + TO HAVE + Vb. III/ -ED)
Were I to have seen him, I would have talked with him.
In limba engleza ordinea cuvintelor in propozitie este fixa si nu se poate
schimba. De
aceea atunci cand se produce o schimbare de topica in propozitie, aceasta
suna diferit acest lucru fiind folosit pentru accentuarea pe idee.
Daca incepem propozitia cu un adverb de loc urmat de predicat si subiect
(lucru numit
fronting in limba engleza) atunci se accentueaza pe idee:
S + P + Adv. de loc => Adv. de loc + P + S
Three policemen came into the room. (Trei politisti au intrat in camera.) => Into
the room
came three policemen. (In camera au intrat trei politisti.)
Adverbele se pot folosi pentru accentuare in felul urmator:
Adverbele: in/ out/ up/ down/ round/ over/ back/ forward/ away sunt urmate de
Pronume
+ Predicat
e.g. Away you go! (Du-te!/ Pleaca!)
Off you go! (Du-te!/ Pleaca!)
In he came. (Inauntru a intrat!)
He got tired of the misery in his town, /soa way he went to find a better future. (El s-a
saturat
de nefericirea din orasul lui asa ca dus a fost sa gaseasca un viitor mai bun.)
Adverbele: in/ out/ up/ down/ round/ over/ back/ forward/ away sunt urmate de
Predicat +
Substantiv
e.g. Away went the dog! (Dus a fost cainele!)
In came Tim. (Inauntru a intrat Tim!)
Down fell the apples. (Jos au cazut merele!)