Concepts and Principles of NSTP Extension Management Program

and Community Immersion

The Implementation of Republic Act No. 9163 otherwise

known as National Service Training Program (NSTP) Act of 2001
aims to enhance civic consciousness and defense preparedness in
the youth by developing the ethics of service and patriotism while
undergoing training in any of its three (3) program components
namely: (1)Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC); (2) Literacy
Training Service(LTS); and (3) Civic Welfare Training Service(CWTS).
Furthermore, the approval of this act affirmed the commitment of
the government to promote civic consciousness among the youth
and develop their physical, moral, spiritual, intellectual and social
well-being.

1. “Reserve Officers Training Corps (ROTC)” is a program

institutionalized under Section 38 and 39 of Republic Act
No. 7077 designed to provide military training to tertiary
level students in order to motivate, train, organize and
mobilize them for national defense preparedness.

2. “Literacy Training Service (LTS)” is a program designed to

train students to become teachers of literacy and
numeracy skills to school children, out of school youth,
and other segments of society in need of their service.

3. Civic Welfare Training Service (CWTS) refers to programs

or activities contributory to the general welfare and the
betterment of life for the members of the community or
the enhancement of its facilities, especially those devoted
to improving health, education, environment,
entrepreneurship, safety, recreation and morals of the
citizenry.
Areas of Concern in Community Development as Identified in LTS-
CWTS Programs

1.Health and Sanitation – This is an community development

program provided by extension workers and volunteers on
health sanitation , hygiene and nutrition such as Health
Education Awareness Campaign for communicable and non-
communicable diseases, Basic Life Support ( CPR), Nutrition
Education, Sanitation Health Education Program and other
health related services.

2. Training and Education – It is a capacity building program

through the improvement of the knowledge, skills and attitudes of
the stakeholders in the community. It encourages the extension
workers and volunteers to train adult citizens, the disabled and
out-of-school youth the areas of concern identified in the
community development.

3.Environment and Sustainable Development – The conservation,

preservation and protection of the environment such as
cleaning and greening of parks and places of public interest. (
Tree Planting, Waste Management Program, Forest
Protection, and Aqua-Culture Development)

4.Entrepreneurship and Livelihood Programs – The micro-

enterprise development program through capability building
program in skills training and technology transfer, training in
enterprise development and management .( Agri-business
,Aqua-culture, Livestock Raising)

5. Safety and Disaster Preparedness- This includes extension

activities and information drive along law enforcement and
safety such asFire Prevention Control, Human Rights
Education, Anti-Drug Education and Barangay Security
Management and Disaster Preparedness.
6.Sports and Recreation - The promotion of sports programs to
foster self-discipline, teamwork, and excellence for the
development of healthy and alert citizenry .It also includes
training in sports clinic, sports officiating and to initiate
amateur sports competition.

7.. Moral and Spiritual Development – The extension training of

the Stakeholders in Values Education Program including : the
promotion of patriotism and nationalism; respect of human
rights; appreciation of the roles of the heroes in the historical
development of the country; teach the rights and duties of
citizenship; strengthen ethical and spiritual values; develop
moral character and personal discipline.
Community Development Goals:

If the project development and management must be

participatory, it must be viewed in the context of the lives,
experiences and aspirations of the people, especially the poor. It
must not be divorced from the overall process of community
organizing and development directed towards the building of self-
reliant communities where the people are continuously building
their capabilities and promoting their empowerment. To be really
people-centered and participatory, project development and
management must help in the pursuit of the following overall
community development goals:

1. Raising Productivity Levels

Undoubtedly, levels of production must be raised. But this
should correspond appropriately to the needs of the community.
What we mean to say is that the people in the community should
be the ones decisive as to what is beneficial or good to them based
on their own study and evaluation of their situation and potentials.
It is good that development starts from where the people are and
what they already have. In this way, the development that can be
generated, say, in increasing productivity, would really be
participated and people oriented.

2. Broadening the Sharing of Development’s Blessings

Since development must primarily benefit the poor, the
distribution of its rewards must be broadened and reach out to
them. It is often said that the poor will ultimately benefit from the
blessing of development, yet this is far from being true. And so we
must first have balanced view about development.

3.Democratization of Projects and Social Services

Since the poor have the least opportunity to develop their
livelihood, they should be given the utmost priority in projects and
social services. It is said that those who have less in life should
have more in law. In this regard, it would be best to look into the
present service delivery system in our communities.
4.Creating More Jobs Opportunities and Means of Livelihood
With the increasing ranks of the unemployed and
underemployed it is but imperative that development projects
should always take into account the need to create more jobs and
means of livelihood.

5. Developing the People’s Potentials for Them to Take the

Leading Role in Development
People’s participation in development is still quite insignificant
today. Necessarily, their participation in planning and management
of development projects has to be enlivened and invigorated. The
people should have an active and decisive involvement, from the
initial analysis of their own conditions to the actual
implementation of their projects.
 The Process of Participatory Project Development Management
for People’s Empowerment (Angelito Manalili,1990)

SOCIAL PROJECT PROJECT

ANALYSIS IDENTIFICATION FEASIBILITY
STUDIES

COMMUNITY PROJECT
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
ORGANIZING SELECTION
TOWARDS BUILDING SELF-RELIANT AND APPROVAL
COMMUNITIES

PROJECT PROJECT PREPARATIONS

MONITORING IMPLEMENTATION FOR PROJECT
AND AND IMPLEMENTATION
EVALUATION MANAGEMENT
Steps and Activities in Participatory Project Development and
Management

1. Community Organizing
If the project development and management is geared
towards promoting capability building, empowerment and self-
reliance, it is but imperative that the process starts with organizing
the community. This should be the case because people’s
participation in the planning and management of development
projects can never be strong and decisive if they are not
organized, if they are not united.

2.Social Analysis
In planning and management of development projects, social
analysis of a community is specifically focused on the problems,
needs and potentials of the people which will help them in the
systematic identification of potential projects which can help solve
their problems and meet their needs.

3.Project identification
Project identification gains meaning as the people discover
potential projects which can help change oppressive conditions in
their community and respond sensitively to their problems and
needs.

4. Feasibility Study Preparation

There are numerous projects which can possibly help solve
the people’s problems and meet their needs. But in doing studies
on development projects, we want to be critical in their decision-
making as to what projects would be implemented.
a) Which of these projects can fulfill our needs?
b) Which of these are not quite new to us since they are already
part of our experiences?
c) Which among these are we are capable of implementing even
without outside assistance so that we can start from where we
are and on what we already have?
d) Which of these projects need outside support, a proposal and
a thorough going follow-up?
5.Project Selection and Approval
At this stage in the process of planning and management of
development projects, we want the people to decide : These are
the projects that can fulfill our needs. These are the projects that
we want to implement.” Once the people have already selected
and approved the projects which they will implement, we want
them to prepare a proposal and plan for implementing the project.

6. Project Implementation
In implementing the project, we want to see the people
taking the lead role. At this stage in the process of planning and
managing development projects, the actual participation of the
people shall be fully harnessed in meeting their objectives.

7.Project Management and Sustenance.

Once completed, the must be continually managed and
sustained. The project must serve as an avenue for the people’s
continuing capability building, self –reliance and empowerment.

8. Project Monitoring and Evaluation

In this activity, we want the people to monitor and evaluate
their project. we want the people to monitor and evaluate their
project. We want them to ask themselves: “ What’s happening
with our project? Are we achieving our aims?” What have we done
to pursue our objectives? Have we deviated from these objectives?
Why? What are the reasons?” Monitoring and evaluation are done
so that people can periodically discuss and act timely enough on
whatever problems they may encounter in the project’s
implementation and management.
Qualities of an Effective and Productive Extension/ Community
Worker
( Labuguen, 2004)
COMMITMENT - One must be responsible in fulfilling one
engagement and
promises for a certain cause.

OPTIMISTIC - One looks at the brightest side of things and does

for the best.
MALLEABLE - One must be flexible, pliant in the sphere of
community
organization and development.
MODEL/MOTIVITY - One must be an example or role model to
people
POWER
UNDERSTANDING – Situation or condition of others
NEGOTIABLE - One must have the willingness to compromise and
openness
to negotiation, agreement and transaction.
INNOVATIVE - Full of new ideas, methods approaches and willing
to change
for the better.
TACTICAL - One must exhibit maneuvering strategies,
management tactics to
gain and meet objectives, ability to persuade and links
with other
agencies in order to maintain contact at high level,
convinces
others to help and work together.
YOUTHFUL – One must be keen, zestful, vigorous and active in
keepingpeople
in the community.

WILLINGNESS – One must have the zeal, enthusiasm and goodwill

and geniality
to help others.
OBEDIENT – One must be loyal , law abiding and respectful at
one’s command
governing body and its policies.
RESCUING HAND – One must be responsible to help others or
reach out clients
to help make their lives better.
KINDNESS – A worker must have good intention, considerate and
sympathetic
to her desires to serve others. He/she must be kind
hearted
person.
ENERGETIC – One must be full of energy, vigor and strength to
work with
people and the organization he/she represents.
RESOURCEFUL - He/she must be capable of seeking means to
meet the
objectives of programs for the community.
SENSE OF VISION - Try our new ideas and is ready to meet
challenges. Can
express confidence of his own ability to
complete difficult
tasks as part of challenges in life.

EXTENSION CREED

Go to the people
Live with the people
Learn from them Plan with them
Work with them.
Start with what they know
Build on what they have
Teach by showing, learn by doing
Not by showcase but a pattern
Not odds and ends but a system
Not piecemeal but integrated approach
Not to conform but transform
Not relief but release.
REFERENCES:

Chauhan, Anita M., et al. NSTP: Resourcebook on Community

Organizing and
Extension. Philippine Association of Extension Program
Implementors, Inc.,
2003
Labuguen, Florida C ., The Community Worker : The Key Person for
the
Success of Community Programs for Nation Building. A paper
presented
during the National Seminar-Workshop on Extension
Management, TUP,
Manila, September 1-3, 2004
Manalili, Angelito G. , Participatory Project Development and
Management.
Kapatiran-Kaunlaran Foundation Inc.,1990
Manalili, Angelito G. , Community Organizing for People’s
Empowerment.
Kapatiran-Kaunlaran Foundation Inc.,1990