OUR

GOVERNMENT
DURING SPANISH
TIMES
The Spanish Colonization of the Philippines

Prepared by: Mr. Julius O. De Leon, M.A.S.E.A.S.

Program Head, Political Science Program
OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

Aims of Spanish Colonization

1.To propagate Christianity
2.To acquire material wealth
3.To achieve political glory

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Political
Changes Our islands were grouped together into one
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country named Filipinas in honor of King

Philip II of Spain.
introduced
by Spain
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Our tribes were united into one people under

one government, one flag, and one God.
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A centralized government was created, with

Manila as the capital city.
OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

Political Status of our Country under Spain

• The Philippines was a crown colony, for she
belongs to the Spanish Crown.
• From 1565 to 1821, our country was considered a
part of the Viceroyalty of Mexico.
• From 1821 to 1898, our country was directly
governed by Spain.

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 OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

The Spanish Governor-General

• Governadór-Generál
Powers of the
• Chief Executive of the Philippines during the Governor-General:
Spanish Period 1.Executive
2.Administrative
• He was appointed by the King, who could also 3.Legislative
4.Judicial
remove him from office 5.Diplomatic
• Official Residence – Malacañan Palace 6.Military
(private property and owned by the government because of 7.Ecclesiastical
earthquake)

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 OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

Checks to Governatorial Powers

• Royal Audiencia – this was the Supreme Court of the Philippines during the
Spanish Period (highest)
• Residencia – special court conducted by the incoming governor-general to
investigate the conduct of the outgoing governor-general
• Visitador – a royal investigator who was sent by the King to the colony to
see if the colonial officials were behaving well

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 OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

Spanish Laws extended to the Philippines

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Leyes de Indias
• collection of royal decrees by the Monarchs of Spain for the
government of the Colonies including the Philippines.
(kautusan ng hari ng Espanya)

Las Siete Partidas

• The Seven Parts; compilation of ancient Spanish laws.

(tribute, paytax)

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 OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

LaIcon
Novisima Recopilacion
• The New Compilation; new compilation of Spanish laws.
Las Leyes de Toro
• a set of laws dealing on last wills and testaments.

Penal Code
• laws on crimes and their penalties. (criminal offenses)

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 OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

Civil
Icon Code

• laws pertaining to property, persons, adoption, and human

relations.
Code of Commerce
• laws on partnerships, corporations, and business transactions.
Mining Law
• laws regarding mining and mining rights.

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OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

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Mortgage Law
• laws regulating the mortgage of property.

Copyright Law
• laws pertaining to the protection of authors, composers, and
artists so that their works may not be copied or pirated by
unscrupulous persons.

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 OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES
Our
Spanish
Heritage
Catholicism
Spain’s Greatest Legacy; The
Filipinos owe a lasting debt of
Image or icon gratitude for making the
Philippines the only Christian
nation in Asia. The Spanish
priests destroyed the pagan idols
and practices of the early
Filipinos.
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Hospitals and Orphanages
Hospital of San Juan de Dios and
Image or icon San Lazaro Hospital two of the
oldest existing hospitals in Asia.
Orphans and homeless children
did not wander around. Hospicio
de San Jose (1810) and St.
Vincent de Paul (1885).
Diet and Dress
• foods introduced by Spain were
beef, mutton, sausages, ham, and
sardines, including European
Image or icon
wines and spirits.
• Men – western coat and trousers;
• Women – saya (skirt) and camisa
(blouse).
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 OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

Our Filipino Women in

Spanish Times

Spanish Image or icon

women in society were
improved.

Heritage
Family life New Calendar and Spanish
Names for Filipinos
the family is the
Gov. Gen. Narciso
Image or icon
unit of society. Image or icon
Claveria.
the Family life was
improved.

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 OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

Our Literature ( Based on Religion

Spanish
• Pasión – poetic story about the life
Image
Imageor
oricon
icon and sufferings of Christ;
Father Gaspar Aquino de
Belen; 1704

Heritage • Awit – heroic poems

• Corrido – religious, legendary poems
e.g. Don Juan Tenioso,
Bernardo Carpio, Ibong
Printing, Books, and Newspapers
Adarna, La India
• Dominican Friars – 1593 Elegante, El Negrito
• Doctrina Christiana – 1595; first Amante
book printed in the Philippines. Image
Imageor
oricon
icon • Francisco Balagtas – “Prince of
• Tomas Pinpin – Prince of Filipino Tagalog Poets”;
Printers Florante at Laura, and
• Del Superiór Govierno – 1811 Orosman at Zafira.
newspaper

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 OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

Our Music
Our music was enriched by

Spanish Image or icon Spain. Our musical

instruments, songs, and
dances were Westernized. Las

Heritage
Piñas Bamboo Organ (1818)
built by Father Diego Cerra.

Theater Houses and Villages

• .
Image or icon • Cenaculo – religious play
about the life and sufferings of
ChristMoro-moro – an
adventurous play featuring
fights between Christians and
Muslims.
Pajo de Campana or within
hearing of the tintinnabulation* of
Image or icon the church. Bahay na Bato
architecture.
*tintinnabulation – the ringing of
bells

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OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES
BloodSpanish
• Peninsulares – originally
came from Spain to live and
Image or icon
work in the Philippines.
• Insulares – Spaniards who
had been born and bred in the
Philippines.
Art
• Damian Domingo – Father
of Filipino Painters
Image or icon • Juan Luna – Spolarium
• Felix Resurreción Hidalgo
– Virgenes Cristianas
Expuestas al Populacho
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Science
• Anacleto V. Del Rosario – Prince of
Philippine Chemists. Leon Ma.
Image or icon
Guerrero, Jose Rizal
• The Observatory of Manila –
founded in 1865; Father Federico
Faura (Padre Faura); the Crowning
Glory of Philippine Science
Fiestas and Amusements
Spaniards introduced fiestas and
religious occasions, such as
Image or icon Santacruzan and Flores De
Mayo. Amusements such as
cock-fighting (sabong), Manila
Lottery, and horse-racing.
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OUR GOVERNMENT DURING SPANISH TIMES

THANK
YOU!
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