Bermuda Grass (Cynodon Dactylon) Tea

A Research Paper

Presented to the Faculty of the Science and Technology Department

Urdaneta City National High School

In Partial Fulfiment of the Requirements in Research II

By:

Princess Grace Bernal

Jan Kyrah dela Cruz

Partrisha Ann Lagnayo

Eliesha Mae Salvador

IV – Avogadro

S.Y 2012 – 2013

Approval Sheet

This research paper hereto attached, entitle “Bermuda Grass Tea for Diabetics” prepared and submitted
by Pricess Grace E. Bernal, Jan Kyrah E. Dela Cruz, Patrisha Ann V. Lagnayo and Eliesha Mae S. Salvador,
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject Research II, has been approved for the oral
defence.

Lourdes M. Medrano

Adviser

Perlita A. Briones

Member

Rodolfo T. Fabro

Member

Larina G. Taborda

Chairman

Larina G. Taborda

HT III-Science

Antonio C. Rafanan

Pricipal
Acknowledgement

This research paper is made possible through the help and support from everyone, including: parents,
teachers, family, friends, and in essence, all the sentient beings. Especially, please allow the researchers
to dedicate the acknowledgement of the gratitude toward the following significant advisors and
contributors:

First and foremost, the researchers would like to thank Ms. Nimfa Medrano for her most support and
encouragement. She kindly read this research paper and offered invaluable detailed advices.

And to the panelists namely: Mrs. Larina Taborda, Mr. Rodolfo Fabro, and Mrs. Perlita Briones for their
valuable advices to improve this research to advance in the research project.

Also for IV-Avogadro in openly and honestly expressed their opinions after savouring the researchers
study.

Finally, the researchers sincerely thank to the parents, family, and friends, who provide the advice and
financial support. The product of this research paper would not be possible without all of them.
Dedication

This research paper is lovingly dedicated to Almighty God for guiding to finish this research paper and to
our respective parents who have been our constant source of inspiration. They have given us the drive
and discipline to tackle any task with enthusiasm and determination. Without their love and support of
this project would not have been made possible.
Abstract

This study aimed to make tea from the leaves of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) and to know what
kind of tea preparation is more effective to lower the blood sugar. It also determined the sugar content,
taste and aroma of the tea.

The preparation for the tea involved drying, powdering, heating/boiling and packing. A cup of fresh
Bermuda grass leaves is soaked in a 250ml of hot water for 5 minutes (it is now the Sample A). The 75g
of Bermuda grass leaves is dried using the oven, then powdered using a grinder, packed in a tea bag and
soaked it in a 250ml of hot water (Sample B).

The sample was the brought to the Department of Science And Technology for the sugar content
analysis. Based in the result of the sugar content analysis, the Bermuda Grass Tea contains 1.30 while
the commercial tea (Lipton Brisk Lemon) has 2.75, so the tea out of Bermuda grass has lower sugar
content.

Two samples are now experimented on 2 Guinea Pigs to determine the blood sugar lowering of the
study. E(experiment)A and EB drank 3.25ml of dextrose which increased the blood sugar to 370mg/dl
both, then drank 3.25ml of each sample of the study (EA[111mg/dl]=Sample A, EB[305mg/dl]=Sample B)
the results shows that Sample A is very effective to lower blood sugar.
Table on Contents

Title Page i

Approval Sheet ii

Acknowledgement iii

Dedication iv

Abstract v

Table of Contents vi

Chapter

1. Introduction

Statement of the Problem 2

Hypothesis 2

Scope and Limitations 2

Significance of the Study 3

Definition of Terms 3

Conceptual Framework 4

2. Review of Related Literature 5

3. Research Methodology

Instrument Used 12

Materials and Methods 12

Procedures/Preparations 12

Collections and Treatment of Data 14

Statistical Treatment of Data 14

4. Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data 15

5. Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations 19

References
Appendices

A. Result of Sugar-content Analysis 22

B. Letter on Consolidation 23

C. Questionnaire 25

D. Pictures 25

Curriculum Vitae
Chapter 1

Introduction

Background of the Study

Bermuda grass, scientifically known as Cynodon dactylon is considered a lawn grass favourite due to its
texture and colour. This perennial grass grows in tropical places like Philippines and found extensively on
lawns, golf courses, sports field, parks and pastures.

Cynodon dactylon is said to be have a versatile characteristics because it does not only contribute
beauty to the environment but also contributes health benefits due to its medicinal properties.

The University of Allahabad in India reported that Bermuda grass extract contains serum glucose-
lowering which has a hypoglycaemic and anti-diabetic effect. The efficacy of cynodon dactylon may
provide a therapeutic avenue against diabetes and diabetes-related complications in the future.

The ability of this grass to cure and prevent diseases made the researchers realize the importance of its
versatility. Because of this, they came up with an idea in a unique way in order to appreciate and make
people enjoy the health benefits it gives.

The researchers were challenged to make a tea out of Bermuda grass and test if the tea out of Bermuda
grass can lower the sugar level of a diabetic person.

Statement of the Problem

This study aimed to make tea out of Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon)

Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions.

1. Is there a significant difference between the tea out of free Bermuda grass and tea out of dried
Bermuda grass in terms of taste and aroma?

2. What is the sugar content of the tea out of Bermuda grass and the commercial tea?

3. What is the level of acceptability of the tea out of Bermuda grass in terms of taste and aroma?

4. Can the tea out of Bermuda grass lowers the sugar level of a person suffering from diabetes?

Hypothesis

1. There is significant difference between the sugar content of tea out of Bermuda grass and commercial
tea.

2. There is no significant differences between the tea out of Bermuda grass and commercial tea in terms
of taste and aroma.

Scope and Limitations

This study aimed to make a unique way in order to appreciate and enjoy the maximum effect of health
benefits of Cynodon dactylon to diabetics by making Bermuda tea compared to commercial tea.

Significance of the Study

This study is significantly focused on diabetic persons who would be benefited from a unique way of
appreciating and enjoying the maximum effect of health benefits from making tea out of Bermuda grass.

It is also beneficial to people who are health maintenance conscious.

For the community, they can use Bermuda grass tea for business purposes.

Definition of terms

Cynodon dactylon – it is the scientific name of Bermuda grass which is known for its good texture.
Mostly seen in a golf course and front lawn.

Serum Glucose – it is the amount of sugar present in the blood.

Tea – a hot drink made by infusing the dried, crushed leaves of the tea plant in boiling water.

Traditional Method – a process of making tea by pouring hot water to the crushed leaves of the tea
plant.

Modern Method – a process of making tea by drying and grinding the leaves of the tea plant and then
packed in a tea bag.

Aroma – the quality of principle of plants or other substances which constitutes their fragrance.

Taste – to perceive the flavor of something by taking into the mouth or touching with the tongue.

Level of Acceptability – having such satisfactory without inequalities.

Conceptual Framework

Inputs Process Output

Bermuda grass Disinfecting Drying, Powdering, Packaging Bermuda grass tea

Chapter 2

Review Of Related Literature

The review of related literature focuses on the health benefits given by the Bermuda grass (Cynodon
Dactylon) extract/powder to be an ingredient for tea its preparation, which can help mostly the
diabetics to attain cure and health by making our local produce. Facts were gathered from books and
internet as reference in order to get information for the study.

Bermuda Grass

Cynodon Dactylon (L.) Pers. (family- Poaceae), which is commonly known as Bermuda grass, is
traditionally used for diabetes, kidney problems, urinary disease, gastrointestinal disorder constipation
and abnormal pain. (Kirtikar st al., 1980)

A valuable pasture and excellent fodder grass, staying green during hot weather. It can grow in very
diverse condition of soil and moisture, withstanding drought well and also tending to eliminate other
plants. Provides more and better grazing for horses and cattle than any other grass; also used for hay
and ensilage. The rhizomes are given to horses. It is also valuable for soil conservation due to its long
runner that root at the nodes. It is difficult to eradicate and can become a serious weed in cultivated
land. In many areas it is used for lawn and turf. (Seedland, Inc., 1999-2012)

Bermuda grass is a creeping grass, and will creeps along the ground and root where ever a node touches
the ground, forming an dense mat. It also reproduce from roots under the ground. It has a deep root
system, and in drought situations the root system can grow 47 to 59 inches (120-150 cm) deep. Most of
the root mass lies 24 inches (60 cm) under the surface.

Its blades are gray-green color and are short, usually 1 to 4 inches (3-10 cm) long with rough edges. The
erect system can grow 0.3 to 1.3 feet (0.1-0.4 m) tall. The stems are slightly flattened, and an
inflorescent purple in color. (Harland, 1976)m

In folk medicine Bermuda grass is reported to be alterative, anacbolic, antiseptic, aperient, astringent,
cyanogenetic, demulcent, depurative, diuretic, emollient, sudorific, and vulnerary. It is a folk remedy for
anasarca, calculus, cancer, carbuncles, convulsions, cough, cramps, cystitis, diarrhea, dropsy, dysentery,
epilepsy, headache, haemorrhage, hypertension, hysteria, insanity, kidneys, laxative, measles, rubella,
snakebite, sores, stones, tumors, urogenital disorder, warts and wounds (Duke and Wain, 1981). It is
reported to be photosensitizing in animals, to cause contact dermatitis (Lewis and Elvin Lewis, 1977),
and hayfever (Degener, 1957-1963).

According to Unani 1991, bitter, laxative, tonic, aphrodisiac, emetic, emmenagogue, expectorant. C.
dactylon has been studied at the University of Allahabad in India, and is reported to have serum glucose-
lowering and antidiabetic effects, antimicrobial and antiviral properties, and has been suggested for
treatment of urinary tract infections, prostatitis, syphilis, and dysentery. Additional research is being
conducted on C. dactylon involving its glycemic potential, which is involved in the treatment of
diabetes. In laboratory rats treated with the ethanolic extract of defatted C. dactylon to become an
alternative to current diabetes medications. This grass is given significant importance in Hinduism due to
its medicinal values and dedicated especially to Lord Ganesha, and is Used in traditional cultures for
toothache and ameobiasis (dysentery).

Diabetes

Diabetes, often referred to by doctors as diabetes mellitus, describe a group of metabolic diseases in
which the person has high blood glucose (blood sugar), either because insulin production is inadequate,
or because the body’s cells do not respond properly insulin, or both. Patients with high blood sugar will
typically experience polyuria (frequent urination), they will become increasingly thirsty (polydipsia) and
hungry (polyphagia).

There are three types of diabetics:

The body does not produce insulin. Some people may refer to this type as insulin dependent diabetes,
juvenile diabetes, or early-onset diabetes. People usually develop type 1 diabetes before their 40th year,
often in early adulthood or teenage years.

Type 1 diabetes

It is nowhere near as common as type 2 diabetes. Approximately 10% of all diabetes cases are type 1.
Patients with type 1 diabetes will need to take insulin injections for the rest of their life. They must also
ensure proper blood-glucose levels by carrying out regular blood tests and following a special diet
(Brewer, 2012)

Type 2 diabetes

The body does not produce enough insulin for proper function, or the cells in the body do not react to
insulin (insulin resistance). Approximately 90% of all cases of diabetes worldwide are of this type. Some
people may be able to control their type 2 diabetes symptoms by losing weight, following a healthy diet,
doing plenty of exercise, and monitoring their blood glucose levels. However type 2 diabetes is typically
a progressive disease – it is gradually gets worse – and the patient will probably end up have to take
insulin, usually in tablet form.

Overweight and obese people have a much higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes compared to those
with a healthy body weight. People with lot of visceral fat, also known as central obesity, belly fat, or
abnormal obesity, are especially at risk. Being overweight/obese causes the body to release chemicals
that can destabilize the body’s cardiovascular and metabolic systems.

The risk of developing type 2 diabetes is also greater as we get older. Experts are not completely sure
why, but say that as we age we tend to put on weight and become less physically active. Those with a
close relative who had type 2 diabetes, people of Middle Eastern, African, or South Asian descent also
have a higher risk of developing the disease. Men whose testosterone levels are low have been found
to have risk of developing type 2 diabetes (Dr. Mclnnes, 2012)
Gestational diabetes

This type affects females during pregnancy. Some women have very high levels of glucose in their blood,
and their bodies are unable to produce enough insulin to transport all of the glucose into their cells,
resulting in progressively rising levels of glucose. Diagnosis of gestational diabetes is made during
pregnancy. The majority of gestational diabetes patients can control their diabetes with exercise and
diet. Between 10% to 20% of them will need to take some kind of blood-glucose controlling medications.
Undiagnosed or uncontrolled gestational diabetes can raise the of complications during childbirth. The
baby may be bigger than he/she should be. Scientists from the National Institutes of Health and Harvard
University found that women whose diets before becoming pregnant were high in animal fat and
cholesterol had a higher risk of gestational diabetes (Zhang, M.D, 2012)

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is set of related diseases in which the body cannot regulate the amount of sugar
(Specifically, glucose) in the blood. The blood delivers glucose to provide the body with energy to
perform all of a person’s daily activities. The liver converts the food a person eats into glucose. The
glucose is then released by several hormones, primarily insulin. Insulin is produced by the pancreas, a
small organ between the stomach and liver. The pancreas also makes other important enzymes released
directly into the gut that helps digest food. Insulin allows glucose to move out of the blood into cells
throughout the body where it is used for fuel. People with diabetes either do not produce enough
insulin (type 1 diabetes) or cannot use insulin properly (type 2 diabetes), or both (which occurs with
several forms of diabetes).

In diabetes, glucose in the blood cannot move efficiently into cells, so blood glucose levels remain high,
This not only starves all the cells that need the glucose for fuel, but also harms certain organs and
tissues exposed to high glucose levels (Willis, 1675).

Many diabetes have found in beneficial to eat smaller, more frequent meals, rather than two or three
big meals most people consume daily. Researchers have found that multiple frequent feedings tend to
keep blood cholesterol levels lower, for the diabetic and non-diabetic alike. Vitamins and Minerals
Generally a well-balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals is one of the most important factors in the
control of diabetes and prevention of diabetic complications. One reason for stressing the need for
proper levels of nutrients is the excessive urination experimented by the diabetic. Normally the body
reabsorbs glucose and other water soluble nutrients. When glucose rises to levels above 160-170mg/dl,
as it does quite frequently in even well controlled diabetic patients, is acts as an osmotic diuretic. This
process overwhelms the kidney’s ability to reabsorb glucose and other water-soluble nutrients, thus the
increased urination, and substantial losses of nutrients such as vitamins B-1, B-6, and B-12 and the
minerals magnesium, zinc, and chromium pass out along with the urine. Consequently diabetes and its
complications are as much a result of nutritional wasting as of elevated blood sugar ( Dr. McNair,1978).

Tea

Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring boiling hot water over cured leaves of the
Camellia sinensis plant. The term also refer to the plant itself. After water, tea is the most widely
consumed beverage in the world. It has a cooling, slightly bitter, astringent flavor which many people
enjoy.

Consumptions of tea (especially green) is beneficial to health and longevity given its antioxidant,
flavanols, flavonoids, polyphenols, and catechins content. Tea catechins have known anti-inflammatory
and neuroprotective activities, help to regulate food intake, and have an affinity for cannabinoid
receptors, which may suppress pain, nausea, and provide calming effects.

Consumptions of green tea is associated with a lower risk of diseases that cause functional disability
such as “stroke, cognitive impairment, and oseteoporosis” in the elderly. Tea, any infusion, decoction,
solution, or extract to be used as a beverage or medicinally. (The New International Webster’s
Comprehensive Dictionary p.1286)

Lipton Lemon Tea

Lipton Lemon tea is natural source of powerful antioxidants. These cleanse the stomach and increasing
evidence shows that antioxidants from an important part of a healthy diet. Lemon has been known for
its therapeutic properties for generations. It is also root of many home remedies and is normally used to
help the stomach (because it has a cleansing effect). Lipton Lemon Tea has a excellent irresistible ttse
and aroma producing a perfect taste every time. Try it and you will be hooked. It tastes nice and is good
for you. Lipton tea provides with flavonoid antioxidant. Antioxidants are thought to help keep our body
healthy by preventing every day wear and tear by free radicals. Lipton tea is a natural source of powerful
antioxidants. These cleanse the stomach and increasing evidence shows that antioxidants from an
important part of a healthy diet (Thomas Lipton, 1850).
Chapter 3

Research Methodology

Research Method

This study used experimental method of research because the researchers applied the experiment
methods in making Bermuda tea and its effectiveness.

Instrument Used

The researchers used scale and questionnaire as the instruments.

Materials and Methods

The researchers used the following materials:

In making Bermuda tea:

Bermuda grass, hydrogen peroxide, water, grinder, cheese cloth, measuring spoon and cup, and oven.

In testing the effectiveness of the Bermuda Tea:

OneTouch SelectSimple Blood sugar tester kit, syringe, nail cutter, 5% Dextrose in lactated ringer’s,
guinea pigs, and Bermuda Tea sample A and B.

Procedures/Preparations

A.) Preparing the Tea out of Bermuda grass (Traditional Method)

First of all, the Bermuda grass leaves should be soaked with water containing a measured amount of
hydrogen peroxide, after soaking it for 5 minutes, it should be again washed with water only. Bring your
250 ml water to a boil. Don’t put the Bermuda in the water while you are heating it up, measure 1 cup of
Bermuda grass. After boiling, pour the water into the Bermuda, cover and wait for 4-5 minutes. And it
will ready to serve.

B.) Preparing the Tea out of Bermuda grass (Modern Method)

The Bermuda grass leaves should be soaked with water containing a measured amount of hydrogen
peroxide, after soaking it for 5 minutes; it should be again washed with water only. After washing the
Bermuda grass place it in the oven tray and set aside. Set the oven over at 190 degrees Celsius and wait
for the oven to become hot then place the tray with the fresh Bermuda grass. Wait again for at least 10
– 15 minutes. The Bermuda grass should be brittle so that it will be easier to grind using the coffee
grinder. After grinding the Bermuda grass, measure 75 g (1/2 tablespoon) and place in a tea bag.

C.) Procedures on the experimental for the effectiveness of the Bermuda grass tea in 2 Guinea Pigs.

Two guinea pigs are prepared for the experiment. By cutting its nail can make it easily bleed to attain its
blood and tested with blood sugar tester. As the attained normal blood sugar of 124 mg/dl, both the
guinea pigs drank 3.25ml of dextrose to increase their blood sugar by 370 mg/dl. The first guinea pig, EA
(Experiment A), drank a 3.25ml of Sample A tea which is the fresh Bermuda grass, then the second
guinea pig, EB, drank a 3.25ml of Sample B tea which is the dried Bermuda grass. After 12 hours of
waiting, both of the guinea pigs are again got their blood sugar tested. EA’s blood sugar is 111 mg/dl,
and EB’s blood sugar is 305 mg/dl.

Collective and Treatment of Data

Gathering of data started on October 04, 2012. Each respondent receive ten (10)ml fresh Bermuda grass
tea and ten (10)ml dried Bermuda grass tea.

A.) The two sample

Sample A – Fresh Bermuda grass tea

Sample B – Dried Bermuda grass tea

B.) Tasting and Rating of two sample of Bermuda grass tea.

There were twenty respondent used in the study. After tasting the samples, researchers let the
respondent to rate each tea.

To determine the level of acceptability of the fresh and dried Bermuda grass tea in terms of taste and
aroma.

Scale Numerical rating Descriptive Rating

5 4.20-5.00 Strongly Acceptable

4 3.50-4.19 Acceptable

3 2.61-3.49 Moderately Acceptable

2 1.81-2.60 Not Acceptable

1 1.00-1.80 Strongly Not Acceptable

Statistical Treatment of Data

The researchers used the statistical tool; t-test. The researchers made two samples of Bermuda Tea.
Chapter 4

Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data

This chapter considers the interpretation of data. The way to organize this chapter is in the relation of
the hypothesis and the problem.

Presentation of data

Table 1 shows the total sugar content of Bermuda grass Tea through Total Sugar. Lane-Eynon Constant
Volumetric Method (Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 18th edition. 2005. Method
923.09).

Table 1.

Sample code Sample description Test Result

1055-C Bermuda grass tea Total Sugar, 1.30

(250ml) place in % w/w

White container

With orange cap.

Table 1 shows that Bermuda Grass tea contains a total sugar of 1.30, then it has a lower sugar content
compared to a commercial tea (Lipton Brisk lemon) which has 2.75.

Level of acceptability of the Bermuda grass Tea

Table 2. Summary of the respondents’ rating on the Fresh Bermuda grass Tea (Sample A) as regards to
the given criteria.

Variables Weighted Mean Descriptive Interpretation

1. Taste

a.) It has an earthly taste. 3.85 Acceptable

2. Aroma.

b.) It is fragrant . 2.85 Moderately Acceptable

Table 2 reveals that the aroma of fresh Bermuda grass tea (Sample A) was moderately acceptable to the
respondents as shown by the weighted mean of 2.85 because of its appealing scent while in terms of
taste the tea was acceptable to the respondent as it shown by the weighted mean of 3.85 for it’s not
suitable for the respondents taste.
Table 3. Summary of respondents’ rating on the dried Bermuda grass tea (Sample B) regards to the given
criteria.

Variables Weighted Mean Descriptive Interpretation

1. Taste

a.) It has an earthly taste. 3.30 Moderately Acceptable

2. Aroma

b.) It is fragrant. 3.00 Moderately Acceptable

Table 3 shows that the dried Bermuda grass tea was moderately acceptable according to the
respondents in terms of taste and aroma because of its not every amiable for the respondents taste.
The weighted means 3.30 and 3.00 respectively.

Table 4. Summary of t-Test between the fresh Bermuda grass tea and the dried Bermuda grass tea.

Variable Weighted Mean Difference t-Value

1. Taste A B

a.) It has an earthly taste. 3.85 3.30 11 1.81

2. Aroma

b.) It is fragrant. 2.85 3.00 -14 -3.05

A – Fresh Bermuda grass tea B – Dried Bermuda grass tea

Tabulated t-value = 2.093 at 0.05 level of significant

Table 4 shows that in terms of aroma and taste the computed t-value is 3.05 and 1.81 respectively which
are all lower than the critical value of 2.093. This means that there is no significant difference between
the fresh and the dried Bermuda grass tea in terms of its taste and aroma. The null hypothesis is
accepted. The respondent are in favor in fresh Bermuda grass tea (sample A) as shown by the table.

Table 5. Summary of the experimentation to the effectiveness of the Bermuda grass tea in 2 guinea Pigs.
Normal Blood Sugar After Drinking Dextrose After Drinking Bermuda grass tea Difference

Sample (3.25ml) (3.25ml)

A (fresh) Sample 124 mg/dl 370 mg/dl 111 mg/dl 259 mg/dl

B (dried) 124 mg/dl 370 mg/dl 305 mg/dl 65 mg/dl

Table 5 shows that the fresh Bermuda grass tea (Sample A) is more effective than the dried Bermuda
grass tea (Sample B) for the Sample A lowered the blood sugar dramatically.
Chapter 5

Summary of Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations

This chapter contains the important points of the entire study.

Summary of Findings

This study was conducted to determine the acceptability of the Bermuda grass Tea in terms of taste and
aroma, also to determine the effectiveness in lowering the blood sugar.

Collect three hundred (300) grams of Bermuda grass leaves. Wash with hydrogen peroxide and water.
After washing separate two hundred (200) grams (1 cup) to be soaked in a two hundred-fifty (250 ml) of
hot water for 4-5 minutes. Dry the remaining Bermuda grass leaves using the oven one hundred-ninety
(190) degree Celsius for fifteen (15) minutes. Grind the dried Bermuda grass leaves measure seventy-
five (75) grams of grinded Bermuda grass leaves and place inside the tea bag. Sew the top edge of the
tea bag. Store in labeled air-tight container.

Based on the result on Dost-Car, the sugar content of the Bermuda grass Tea is 1.30% by weight.

Conclusion

Based on the findings the researchers are therefore concluded that;

1. There is a significant difference between the tea out of fresh and dried Bermuda grass in terms on
taste and aroma.

2. The sugar content of the Bermuda grass tea is 1.30% by weight while the commercial tea (Lipton Brisk
Lemon) is 2.75.

3. The level of acceptability of the Bermuda grass tea in terms of taste is 3.85 and it is acceptable. Also in
terms on aroma is 2.85 and it is moderately acceptable.

4. The tea made of fresh Bermuda grass is much more effective in lowering the blood sugar than the
dried Bermuda grass.

Recommendations

Based upon the conclusions the following are here by recommended:

1. It is more recommended to use the fresh Bermuda tea in lowering the blood sugar of an individual.

2.Bermuda grass tea could be mixed with milk or honey for more delicious remedy.
References

Books:

(Kk Kirtikar & BD Basu.Indian Medicinal Plants, Lalit Mohan Publication, India 1980. P. 2650)

The New International Webster’s Comprehensive Dictionary p. 1286

Links:

(http://www.bermudagrass.com)

(http://www.blueplanetbiomes.org/bermuda_grass.htm)

(http://www.heart.purdue.edu/newcrop/duke_energy/Cynodon_dactylon.html)

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynodon_dactylon)

(http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/diabetes/#UBtvT6CmHog)

(http://www.emedicinehealth.com/diabetes/article_em.htm)

(http://chinese-school.netfirms.com/Chinese-medicine-diabetes-nutritions.html)

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea)

(http://www.indianteacompany.co.uk/lcn_230810/lemon.php)

(http://www.energyfield.com/sugar-in-drinks)
Appendix A

Result of Sugar-content Analysis

Republic of the Philippines

Department of Science and Technology

Regional Office No. Cordillera Administrative Region

Regional Standards and Testing Labarotory

Report of Analysis

Agency TSR No. : 2012-1055-C

Date Submitted : September 19, 2012

Date Analyzed : October 3 – 4, 2012

Date Reported : October 5, 2012

Submitted by : Customer name : Jan Kyrah Estralla Deal Cruz

Company : Urdaneta City National High School

Address : High School, san Vicente West, Urdaneta City