Eda0Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of San Pablo
CrecenciaDrusila Lopez Senior High School

“ACCEPTABILITY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF BIGNAY COOKIES”

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements in Practical Research II

The Researchers:

Rueda, Imie Rose C.

Dayan, Renalyn

Flores, Mar

Alamag, Carol

Gallego, Kharlo

Refresca, Roseann
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to send their deepest and sincerest gratitude to the
people who helped and supported them that made their research a complete success.

Almighty God,for giving them the strength, resiliency and wisdom that enabled
them to do this research and for giving them the serenity in the midst of the problems that
they faced during the writing of this research.

Parents of the Researchers, they dedicate this research for it is they who gave
every ounce of their support and encouragement to the researchers, whether their support
is financial or emotional.

Mr. Romel Soriano Ladislao, their Practical Research teacher, for guiding,
assisting and answering all their questions regarding to their research paper, for being
more than a teacher and for being more than understanding.

Mr. Denward R. Pacia, their principal II for S.Y. 2019, for giving them
permission to conduct a survey to the students on a said school.

Subject Teachers of the Researchers,who never fail to encourage the

researchers and assist them and give them their perception and share their experiences.
They who never failed to understand them and extend the deadlines of their requirements
so that the researchers may be able to catch up and cope.

Grade 11 and 12 Students – H.E. Cookery, their respondents, for giving their
full cooperation to the researchers and answered the questionnaire given by the
researchers to them.

- i-
 ABSTRACT

This study is entitled “Acceptability and Development of Bignay Cookies” is conducted

to determine if the product is accepted in terms of its taste, aroma, texture, appearance

and cost in CrecenciaDrusila Lopez Senior High School. The study was conducted by

Grade 11 and 12 students from Home Economics – Cookery in the said school.

The academic performance of students is widely influential and is a big factor for

what will happen in a particular country. Because the students is an important part of any

educational institution, his/her academic performance will have a macro effect on the

social and economic change and development of a country. This triggered the researchers

to conduct the study.

The following factors are examined in the study: A. Taste/Aroma, B. Texture, C.

Appearance/Packaging, D. Safety/Cost. The quantitative approach and descriptive type of

research was used with the respondents being 30 in Grade 11 and 12 Home Economics –

Cookery students. The instruments used was survey questionnaire made by the

researchers themselves.

Results shows that Bignay Cookies accepted in terms of taste and aroma with

recorded mean of 6.3, texture with 6.1, appearance/packaging with 6.1 and for the

safety/cost with highest mean of 6.4.

- ii -
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………………i

Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………...ii

Chapter I: Background of the Study

Introduction……………………………………………………………………..1

Background of the Study………………………………………………………..3

Theoretical Framework…………………………………………………………4

Research Paradigm……………………………………………………………..5

Statement of the Problem………………………………………………………6

Scope and Delimitation…………………………………………………..…….9

Significance of the Study………………………………………………………

Definition of Terms…………………………………………………………….

Chapter II:

Review of Related Literature and Study……………..…………………………..12

Chapter III: Research Methodology

Research Design……………………………………………………………..15

Respondents of the Study……………………………………………………16

Role of the Researchers………………………..…………………………….16

Research Instrument………………………………………………………….16

Data Gathering……………………………………………………………..…17

Statistical Treatment…………………………………………………………18

Chapter IV: Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of data …………….….20

Chapter V: Summary of the Findings

Summary of the Findings………………………………………………………...27

Conclusions………………………………………………………………………29

Recommendation……………………………………………………...…………30

Bibliography……………………………………………………………………………32

Appendices

Appendices A……………………………………………………………………34

Appendices B……………………………………………………………………35

Appendices C……………………………………………………………………38

Appendices D……………………………………………………………………39

Appendices E……………………………………………………………………40

Curriculum Vitae
 Chapter 1: Background of the Study

1.1 Introduction

Bignay (Antidesma bunius Spreng ) When corner referred to this member of the

Euphorbiaceace as a "shady ,rather gloomy tree " he could not have been viewing it in

fruit, a spectacle that has always aroused enthusiasm. The colorful bignay,

AntidesmabuniusSpreng, is called bignay in the Philippines; buni or berunai in Malaysia;

wooni or hooniin Indonesia; ma maoluang in Thailand; kho lien tuin in Laos; Choi moi in

Vietnam, moi- kin and chunka by the Aborigines in Queensland, among English names

are Chinese Laurel, currant tree niggers cord and salamander tree. The tree may be

shrubby, 10 to 26 ft (3-8m)high, or may reach up to 50 or even 100ft (15-30m). It has

wide spreading branches forming a dense crown. The evergreen alternate leaves are

oblongs, pointed, 4 to 9 in (10-22.5 cm) long 2 to 3 in (5-7.5 cm) wide, dark green glossy,

leathery, with very short petioles. The tiny, odorous, reddish male and female in terminal

racemes 3 to 8 in (7.5 - 20cm) long. P. J Wester mentions a "very distinct and superior

variety as reliably reported from the Mountain Province Philippines.Antidesma is a

species of fruit tree in the Phyllanthaceae.

It is native to Southeast Asia and northern Australia. Its common Philippine name

and other names include bignay, bugnay or bignai, Chinese-laurel, Herbert River-

cherry, Queensland-cherry, salamander-tree, wild cherry and currant tree. This is a

variable plant which may be short and shrubby or tall and erect, approaching 30 metres in

height. It has large oval shaped leathery evergreen leaves up to about 20 cm long and

- 1-
seven wide. They are attached to the twigs of the tree with short petioles, creating a dense

canopy.The species is dioecious, with male and female flowers growing on separate trees.

The flowers have a strong, somewhat unpleasant scent. The staminate flowers are

arranged in small bunches and the pistillate flowers grow on long racemes which will

become the long strands of fruit. The fruits are spherical and just under a centimetre wide,

hanging singly or paired in long, heavy bunches. They are white when immature and

gradually turn red, then black.

Each bunch of fruits ripens unevenly, so the fruits in a bunch are all different

colors. The skin of the fruit has red juice, while the white pulp has colorless juice. The

fruit contains a light-colored seed. The fruit has a sour taste similar to that of

the cranberry when immature, and a tart but sweet taste when ripe. This tree is cultivated

across its native range and the fruits are most often used for making wine and tea and is

also used to make jams and jellies. It is often grown as a backyard fruit tree in Java.

Bignay fruit is helpful to lower cholesterol, weight loss and maintain healthy

heart. Fruits are used to make Bignay tea. Made from the bark of the tree, an ideal drink

for weight loss.It is also used for preparing jams, vines, syrups and other foods due to its

nourishing and reinvigorating flavor. Bignay fruit contains provitamin A, vitamin C,

vitamin E, Vitamin B1, iron, minerals, fiber, potassium and phosphorus. This small and

round fruit is well known for its health benefits. As it is gooseberry sized with reddish

hued, it is also called Queensland cherry. Leaves as well as its fruits possess numerous

health benefits. The tea prepared from bark is useful for weight loss. Intake of one liter of

Bignay tea provides health benefits such as healthier heart, weight loss and lower

cholesterol levels.

- 2-
 This indigenous Bignay tree (Antidesmabunuis) has fruits which is similar to

cranberries when unripe and Acai berries when fully rippened. The old folks use the

fruits, bark, leaver and male flowers to regulate blood sugar, enhance immune system and

virility. Besides it is exotic and flavorsome characteristics, these Bignay trees together

with indigenous crops and trees have started the once denuded and marginal lands and

brought back biodiversity of the plants, birds, animals, and soil organisms in the area.

Background of the Study

Antidesma bunius (Bignay) spreng is more popularly known in the Philippines as

“bignay”. The plant is a small, smooth, dioecious tree, 4 to 10 m high. Leaves are shiny,

oblong, 8 to 20 cm long. The fruit is fleshy, ovoid in shape transforming its color from

green to pale yellow then red to blackish color as it ripens. The edible fruit is about 8 mm

long with only one seed and grow in clusters like grapes (S. Banerjee, 2013). Health is

really wealth but having a problem in health especially to the children and it cannot be

avoided.Many of the children nowadays have many problems to health because they are

much prone to diseases and many parents do not know what to do especially to the first

timers in having a child in the family so they always seeking for helps to their families,

friends and relatives when they do not have power to consult to the doctors. They

(parents) cannot control their children to what they going to eat and many of them

(children) having a tooth decay, being obese, having UTI (Urinary Tract Infection) and

many parents thinking for better solutions. But in that case, the researchers try to create a

new food innovation of cookies made out of Bignay fruit extract and dough mixture of

cookies because the researchers observe that children loves to eat sweets such as cookies.

- 3-
The Bignay cookies may help the parents to lessen their problems on what their children

will going to eat.

1.2. Theoretical Framework

Input Process Output

Ingredients:
 2 C All Purpose Flour
 ½ C Brown Sugar
 ½ C Sugar
 ½ C Butter
 ½ t Baking Soda
 1 pc Egg
 1 t Vanilla
 ½ t salt
 2 t Bignay Extract
Cream the butter with Bignay Cookies
sugar. Mix until smooth. Add the
egg 1 at a time, put the vanilla
 Helps to heal the
and bignay extract. Mix and set
snake bites
aside. In a separate bowl, mix
flour, baking soda and salt.
 Helps to treated
Combine the dry and liquid Urinary Tract
ingredients. Pre-heat the oven in Infection
295 ℃ . Place the dough in  Helps to lose weight
baking sheet in a circle form.  Anti-oxidants
Bake until the cookies is cook
and brown in color.

Feedback

 Delicious
 Make it more smaller
 Has a good appearance

Research Paradigm

Figure 1 shows the research paradigm of the theoretical framework used by the

researchers in order to arrive in a conclusion regarding this study. The researchers

- 4-
analysed the data collected from the selected Grade 11-12 Home Economics Cookery

students in CrecenciaDrusila Lopez Senior High School.

Figure 1: Conceptual Paradigm of the Study

1.3. Statement of the Problem

This study aims to answer the following questions;

1. What is the profile of the respondents? They are grouped according to;

- 5-
 1.1. Age

1.2. Gender

1.3. Monthly Family Income

2. How will “Bignay Cookies” be compared from existing commercialized cookies?

3. What are the benefits of “Bignay Cookies”?

1.4. Scope and De Limitation

This research focuses itself to the study of the development of “Bignay Cookies”

in CresenciaDrusila Lopez Senior High School in School Year 2019-2020 in terms of

acceptable factors: (Aroma, Appearance, Taste, Texture). This study was conducted in

CresenciaDrusila Lopez Senior High School. It focused on HE-11 Cookery students

because they are related in cooking. This study is however limited to He-11 Cookery

students. Therefore, the problems and needs of other specialization were not explored.

Data gathered for this study were collected over a period of one semester and

though the researchers sought to assemble all facts and materials for this study, it is

highly improbable that a complete and thorough study could be made at available time

and resources.

- 6-
 This study involved 40 respondents in CresenciaDrusila Lopez Senior High

School (CDLSHS) as samples. They were given the chance to try and taste the “Bignay

Cookies”. They were tasked to answer a questionnaire after tasting the “Bignay Cookies”.

Then, feedbacks were solicited and collected.

1.5. Significance of the Study

The researcher expecting that this study about bignay and the new food

innovation “Bignya Cookies” will help others in terms of;

To the Obese Individuals:

It helps those obese individuals because the new food innovation “Bignay

Cookies” can help to lose weight. And from thesome commercialized cookies has

contains chocolates and much sugar that may other be easily to be fat. The “Bignay

Cookies” lessen the added sugar. It will helps also to the obese individuals because

bignay helps to make the metabolism fast that may help them to lose weight.

To the unemployed person:

It helps those unemployed persons to still have an everyday income even though

they do not have permanent work. By this new food innovation “Bignay Cookies” will

help them by cooking and selling it to other individuals persons.

To the malnourished children:

- 7-
 Many children in the Philippines did not eating fruits because mostly they wanted

sweet foods like chocolate, cookies and junkfoods that is not healthy in body and bignay

is not familiar to them that is why the researchers choose bignay as the main ingredient of

cookies because it will help the children to eat bignay fruit because the bignay has many

benefits.

To the Children:

Many childrenloves to eat fruits but some of them did not know what is bignay

that is why the researchers choose bignay to combine to cookies as main flavor because

bignay fruit has a source of Phytochemicals. Phytochemicals is one that is responsible for

protecting the body from getting certain diseases.

- 8-
Defenition of Terms

Acceptability – the quality of being accepted; the quality of being tolerated or allowed.

Amino acid –substances containing nitrogen and hydrogen and which are found in

protein and occur naturally in the body.

Anti-oxidants – substances that may protect your cells against the effects of free radicals

– molecules produced when body breaks down food or is exposed to tobacco smoke and

radiation, free radical may play a role in heat disease, cancer and other disease.

Anti-carcinogen – a substance that counteracts the effects of a carcinogen or inhibits the

development of cancer.

Anti-mutagen – are the agents that interfere with the mutagenicity of a substance.

Bignay – is known as a species of fruit tree with Antidesmabunuis as its latin name. This

fruit originally comes from Southeast Asia and Northern Australia. The taste of this fruit

is sour just like cranberries.

Bignay Cookies- It is a healthierversion of other commercializedcookies;A mixture of

bignay extract and dough mixture of cookies.

Calcium – essential for healthy bones and is also important for muscle contraction, heat

contraction act and normal blood clothing.

- 9-
Colon Condition –inflammation of the colon. Inflammatory towel disease or infections

are the most common causes.

Constipation – a condition in which there is difficulty in emptying bowelsusually

associated with hardened feces.

Development – the process of developing or being developed.

Fiber – vital importance to digestion; it helps the body move food through the digestive

tract, reduces serum cholesterol and contribute to disease protection.

Flavonoid – any of a large class of plant pigment8s having a structure based on or similar

to that a flavone.

Gastrointestinal – is a group system within human and other animal which takes in food,

digests it to exact and absorb energy and nutrients and expels the remaining waste as

feces.

Immune System –the body’s defense against infections organisms and other invaders.

Iron – necessary for the transport of oxygen and for oxidation by cells.

Phyllanthaceae – a family of flowering plants in the eudicot order malpighiales.

- 10 -
Sexually Transmitted Diseases – are infections that are possed from one person to

another through sexual contract.

Spurges – is a large family of flowering plants. In common English, they are sometimes

called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family.

Syphilis – a really common sexually transmitted diseases. Syphilis is spread through

vaginal, anal and oral sex.

- 11 -
 CHAPTER 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDY

Bignay as a cure for UTI

“The effect of anti-desmabunis extract to a person with uninary tract infection”

Every year, many people suffer to the serious health problem “uninary tract

infection” Infection to the uninary tract is the second experience by many in boby women

are the most prone to the UTI cause many of them did not yet well what are the factors of

having UTI are not that common as to women but it can be match serious when occurs.

The research study of investigatory project PR of the student shows that they can

produce are a herbal medicine that may help to cure made of Bignay fruits for urinary

tract infection.That they can produce a particular remedy with who are limited financial

cause and limited for there time. This particular remedy are made of natural extract of

Bignay (Antidesmabunuis) fruits. The extract of Bignay fruit as a cytotoxic properties,

which can help that individuals who have uninary tract infection and other intestinal

problems.(https://free.facebook.com/story.php?

storyfbid.9127036316SPid=7670556769746368iefict.)

According to the study of botany, bignay is a small, smooth, dioecious tree, 4 to

10 meters high, leaves are shiny, oblong, 8 to 20 centimeters long, pointed at the tip,

rounded or pointed at the base. Spikes are axillary or terminal, simple and usually 5 to 15

cm long. Flowers are small and green. Male flower are about 1.5 millimeters in diameter,

- 12 -
borne on spikes, while the female flower grow out on racemes. Fruit is fleshy, red, acid,

edible, ovoid and about 8 millimeters long single-seeded and born in grapelike pendant

clusters (often paired), wrinkled when dry, the seed becoming somewhat compressed.

The plant is very similar to binayuyo (Antidesma Ghacsembilla) differing in the general

outline of the lives which is broadly elliptic or obovate and being more rounded on both

ends. The dorsal surface is be set with soft hairs. The corolla lobes of the male

(staminate) flower is 5-parted. It is also reported in Sri Lanka, India, Eastern Himalaya,

Burma, Indo-china, China, Thailand, Indonesia and Australia.

Antidesma bunius (Linn) Spreng is more popularly known in the Philippines as

“bignay”. The plant is a small, smooth, dioecious tree, 4 to 10 m high. Leaves are shiny,

oblong, 8 to 20 cm long. The fruit is fleshy, ovoid in shape transforming its color from

green to pale yellow then red to blackish color as it ripens. The edible fruit is about 8 mm

long with only one seed and grow in clusters like grapes. A. bunius is widespread in the

Philippines but is also claimed to be common in the wild (from the lower Himalayas in

India, Ceylon and southeast Asia and northern Australia), grown in Indonesia, and

cultivated in Malaya. The entire plant is of medicinal value acting as anti-dysenteric, anti-

oxidative, anticancer and anti-diabetic and gives sudorific effects. The fruit is highly

edible and nutrient –rich and is prepared either as a healthy juice drink or cooked with

fish and other foods. Phytochemical analysis of the different species of Antidesma has

confirmed presence of varying amounts of phenolic acids, flavonoids of catechin,

procyanidins B1 and B2 and anthocyanins. A. bunius grown in northeast Thailand have

shown that all cultivars contain three major flavonoids namely catechin, procyanidin B1

and procyanidin B2. The very presence of these phytochemicals as plants‟ natural

- 13 -
defense motivated the researchers to look into the possibility of finding a strong pesticide

property in A. bunius fruit. Bignay has been known for its medicinal value and as a

proven healthy food / drink supplement. Scientific studies have been done to substantiate

such claims. However, this study believes that as far as researches on its fruits‟ pesticide

property is concern, only very few if not none, so far has been done thereby making this

endeavor a first of its kind. Findings of this study hope to be significant and contribute

viable solutions to the growing agricultural problem on beetle infestation all over the

world (Journal of Asian Scientific Research, 2014, 4(7): 320-327)

According to Micor, J.R.L. et.al., the bignay leaves and fruits of bignay

[Antidesma Bunuis (L.) Spreng] are extracted with methanol. Methanolic crude extract is

tested for its biological activity using the lethality assay and the brine shrimp hatchability.

The results of the extracted and the higher activity were observed in fruit extract. Its

LC50 was comparable to the positive control of used. Bignay is possible to contains

compounds with potential cytotoxic activity. The bignay is a kind of tree that invasive

shrub species and abundant that may found in the Philippines. Bignay has wide-spreading

branches forming a dense of crown, evergreen, also alternate leaves that are oblong,

pointed and round looks like small grapes and pendent clusters (often paired). The leaves

of the bignay often used flavorings when combining to other vegetables while the fruit of

the bignay is processed to make a jam and jelly ant, the juices or extract of the bignay is

fermented into wine and brandy. Recently, bignay was used to helps to treated different

kinds of illnesses ranging from colds to cancer. And due to the process of absence of

studies regarding the biological activity of bignay, this study was done to assess of

bignay’s leaves and fruits against brine shrimp (Artemia Salina L.)

- 14 -
 CHAPTER 3

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This chapter describes the research design, the participants, the procedures and

the methods of analyzing the data.

3.1. Research Design

This study will employ the descriptive-evaluative method of research. The

descriptive research method refers to the method used to describe the population. Jackson

(2009) emphasized that in utilizing a descriptive-survey method research, the participants

answer questions administered through interview or questionnaires. The purpose of using

descriptive research method is to acquire accurate, factual, systematic data that can

provide an actual picture of the data set for review. The descriptive part of the study

specifically will deal with describing and analyzing the data gathered by giving proper

interpretation so that findings and conclusions are to be derived at. On the other hand,

Hale (2015) defined quantitative method treat the value of the results through giving

verbal interpretations. In this study, the quantitative part will treat the value of the

quantitative results gathered through the survey questionnaires.

- 15 -
3.2. Respondents of the Study

The respondents of the study is randomly selected in 850 students in Crecencia

Drusila Lopez Senior High School and only 30 students are selected in 11-12 Home

Economics students that has knowledge which is related in this research in order for them

answer the questions needed.

3.3. Role of the Respondents

The researcherswere the main instruments of the study. The researchers sought

theapproval first from Mr. Romel S. Ladislao (Research Coordinator) and to Mr.

Denward R. Pacia (Principal II) of Crecencia Drusila Lopez Senior High School before

they gather the data for the study.

This study was conducted to prove if the Bignay Cookies is acceptable and

applicable as a healthier version of commercialized cookies.

3.4. Research Instrument

A questionnaire is a research instrument consisting of a series of questions for the

purpose of gathering information from respondents. Data can be collected relatively

quickly because the researchers would not need to be present when the questionnaire

were completed.

- 16 -
 The survey questionnaire is used as an instrument in gathering data. It is series of

a well-planned, written question related to a particular topic which will be distributed

personally to the individual concern. This questionnaire is composed of the two major

part which are the demographic profile of the respondents and the assessments of

questionnaire on determining the quality and efficacy of “Bignay Cookies”.

The likert scale, which falls under our definition of a survey scale is a 5 or 7point

scale that ranges from one extreme to another, like “extremely likely” to “not at all

likely”. Typically, they include a moderate or neutral midpoint.

Bignay cookies gives a lot of nutrition to our body because in this new food

innovation’s one of the ingredients of cookies is bignay fruits and there so many health

benefits found in bignay fruits. It is good for colon, liver and immune system. Natural

source of antioxidants and keeps your blood pressure levels under control. By that, the

product “Bignay Cookies” is healthy for the body.

3.5. Data Gathering Procedure

As a step, the researchers thought first the research problem that they should

conduct a study. The researchers should conduct a study. The researchers find a related

literature and studies that can support their research and asked for assistance to their

Practical Research adviser.

- 17 -
 The researchers wrote a letter to the school principal in order for them to be

informed and give approval to the researchers to conduct the study and distribute

questionnaire.

3.6. Statistical Treatment

The data gathered from the questionnaires were tallied, tabulated and subjectedto

statistical treatment to build analysis and understanding of the data gathered.

The following statistical tools were used in the study:

Mean refers to the average that is used to describe the central tendency of the

data in question. It is determined by adding all the data points in a population and

dividing the total by the number of points. The mean formula is:

Mean - ∑x

------------

Where:

∑ - summation

x – answer of the respondents

N – total number of respondents

Percentage was used in describing the respondent’s profile such as age,

gender, and strand. The percentage formula is:

- 18 -
P=f

------- X 100

Where:

P= percentage

f = frequency

N = total number of sample

- 19 -
 CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter covers the presentation, analysis and interpretation of data gathered

from the research questions formulated in the study.

Profile of the Respondents

Table 4.1. Distribution of respondents according to gender

Gender Frequency (f) Percentage ( )

Male 15 50
Female 15 50
Total 30 100
Table 4.1. shows that 50 of the respondents is male and the other 50 of the

respondents is female.

Table 4.2. Distribution of respondents according to age.

Age Frequency (f) Percentage ( )

16 3 10
17 13 43.33

18 9 30
19 - 4 20 - 13.33
20 & above 1 3.33
TOTAL 30 100
Table 4.2. shows that 10% of the respondents has the age of 16, 43.33% of the

respondents has the age of 17, 30% of the respondents has the age of 18, 13.33% of the
respondents has the age of 19 and the 3.33% of the respondents has the age of 20 and

above.

Response of the Respondents

Table 4.3. Distribution of the respondents according to taste/aroma.

Taste/Aroma SA A SoA N So D SD Total Mea Ran VI

D n k
1. Bignay Cookies 1 1 S
tastes good.. 19 2 0 1 0 0 0 30 6.5 A
2. Bignay Cookies 15 12 2 0 0
smells good.. 1 0 30 6.4 2 A

3. Bignay’s 30 A
Cookies 14 12 3 1 0 0 0 6.3 3
blended well
with the
cookies.
4. Bignay is suited 0 0 0 30 6.3 A
to make a 12 15 2 1 4
cookies.
5. You can taste 9 19 1 1 - 021 - 0 0 30 6.2 A
the bignay 5
extract in the
cookies.
Ave.
6.3 A
S.D.
0.14
Strongly Agree(SA), Agree(A), Somewhat Agree(SoA), Neutral(N), Somewhat Disagree(SoD), Disagree(D), Strongly Disagree(SD)

Table 4.3. shows the distribution of taste and aroma. In verbal interpretation of all

questions has the one strongly agree and the rest of four is agree. The total mean is 6.3

which has the verbal interpretation of agree.

 Taste and aroma is a sensation obtained from a substance in the mouth that is

typically produced by the stimulation of the sense of taste combined with those of

touch and smell. Taste is the special sense that perceives and distinguishes the sweet,

sour, bitter, or salty quality of a dissolved substance and is mediated by taste buds on

the tongue. While the aroma is a distinctive, pervasive, and usually pleasant or savory

smell.

- 22 -
Table 4.4. Distribution of the respondents according to the texture.

Texture SA A SoA N So D SD Total Mea Ran VI

D n k
1. Bignay Cookies 1
has good 14 2 4 0 0 0 0 30 6.3 1 A
texture.
2. Bignay and 1
cookies has a 2 15 3 0 0 0 0 30 6.3 3 A
good
combination for
cookies.
3. Bignay cookies 30 A
has a good 10 15 4 1 0 0 0 6.1 4
colors.
4. Bignay cookies 0 0 0 30 6.3 A
has a fine 13 15 1 1 2
texture.
5. Bignay cookies 12 10 0 0 0 30 A
has a crunchy 5 3 5.6 5
texture.

Ave.
6.1 A
S.D.
0.29

Strongly Agree(SA), Agree(A), Somewhat Agree(SoA), Neutral(N), Somewhat Disagree(SoD), Disagree(D), Strongly Disagree(SD)
 Table 4.4. shows that in all questions has five agree verbal interpretation answered

by the respondents. The total mean of the questions about texture is 6.1.
- 23 -

Texture is defined as those properties of a food that are sensed by touch in the

mouth and with the hands. We use many words to describes texture in foods—foods can

be soft or hard, mushy or crunchy, or smooth or lumpy. Texture is important to the

enjoyment and acceptability of foods.

Table 4.5. Distribution of the respondents according to Appearance/Packaging.

Appearance/Packaging SA A SoA N So D SD Total Mea Ran VI

D n k
1. Bignay Cookies
looks attractive. 6 17 7 0 0 0 0 30 6.0 3 A
2. Bignay Cookies 1
looks delicious. 0 16 2 1 1 0 0 30 6.1 4 A

3. Bignay Cookies is 30 A
neatly packaged. 1 19 8 2 0 0 0 5.6 5
4. Bignay Cookies is 0 0 0 30 6.4 A
soft to bite. 14 13 3 0 1
5. Bignay Cookies 0 0 0 30 6.2 A
looks clean. 11 16 2 1 2
Ave.
6.1 A
S.D.
0.29
Strongly Agree(SA), Agree(A), Somewhat Agree(SoA), Neutral(N), Somewhat Disagree(SoD), Disagree(D), Strongly Disagree(SD)

- get
In table 4.5. shows that all questions 24 the
- same verbal interpretation which is

agree. By that, the total mean of the questions distribution is 6.1 which equivalent to

agree.
 Packaging is the wrapping material around a consumer item that serves to contain,

identify, describe, protect, display, promote and otherwise make the product marketable

and keep it clean. It is also refers to all those activities related to designing, evaluating

and producing the container for a product. Simply, the box-like container, wherein the

product is stored to protect it from any physical damage and at the same time attracting

the customer through its appeal is called as packaging.

Table 4.6. Distribution of the respondents according to the Safety/Cost.

Safety/Cost SA A SoA N So D SD Total Mea Ran VI

D n k
1. Bignay cookies is S
safe to eat. 21 7 2 0 0 0 0 30 6.6 1 A
2. Bignay Cookies is 1
affordable for the 6 8 5 0 1 0 0 30 6.3 5 A
price of five pesos
per piece.
3. Bignay Cookies is A
sellable to market. 14 15 1 0 0 0 0 30 6.4 3
4. Bignay can be a 0 0 0 0 6.5 2
healthy substitute to 14 16 0 30 S
other A
commercialized
cookies.
5. Bignay Cookies is 0 0 0 30 6.4 4
good for diabetic 13 17 0 0 S
person. A
- 25 - Ave.
6.4 A
S.D.
0.13
Strongly Agree(SA), Agree(A), Somewhat Agree(SoA), Neutral(N), Somewhat Disagree(SoD), Disagree(D), Strongly Disagree(SD)

Table 4.6 shows that there is verbal interpretation that is strongly agree total in

questions 1, 4 and 5 and the rest numbers get agree verbal interpretation in other

questions. The total of the mean is 6.4 and has the standard deviation of 0.13.
 Safety is the condition of being protected from or unlikely to cause danger, risk,

or injury to protect against failure, breakage, or accident while the cost is the amount

or equivalent paid or charged for something.

- 26 -
 CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF THE FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter descries the summary of the findings, conclusions and the
recommendation of the study.

Summary of the findings

Taste/Aroma

1. Bignay cookies taste good. =SA

2. Bignay cookies smells good. = SA

3. Bignay`s taste blended well with the cookies =A

4. Bignay is suited to make cookies. =A

5. You can taste the bignay extract in the cookies. =A

Over all =A

Texture

1. Bignay cookies has good texture =A

- 27 -
 2. Bignay and cookies has a good combination for cookies =A

3. Bignay cookies has a good color =A

4. Bignay cookies has fine texture =A

5. Bignay cookies has a crunchy texture =A

Over all =A

Appearance\Packaging

1. Bignay cookies look attractive. =A

2. Bignay cookies look delicious. =A

3. Bignay cookies is neatly packaged. =A

4. Bignay cookies is soft to bite. =A

5. Bignay cookies looks clean. =A

Over all =A

- 28
 SAFETY/COST

1. Bignay cookies is safe to eat. =SA

2. Bignay cookies is affordable for the price of 5 pesos for per piece. =A

3. Bignay cookies is sellable to market. =A

4. Bignay can be a healthy substitute to other commercializes cookies. =SA

5. Bignay cookies is a good for diabetic person. =SA

Over all =A

Conclusion

Base from the result of this study, it can be concluded:

1. The Bignay cookies is approved and accepted by the respondents in terms of aroma

and taste, nutritional value, appearance and packaging and lastly its cost.

2. The respondent also agreed that the Bignay cookies is a healthier version of the

commercial cookies.

- 29
3. The bignay cookies is a nutritious snack that can be enjoyed by all ages,even those

persons who suffers from diabetes and hypertension because of its bignay cookies

ingredients that improve its nutritional value.

Recommendation

The researchers further recommend the following:

1. To the future researchers they can accomplish more farther and wide study about

innovating Bignay cookies not just only as an additional ingredients of Bignay but

also on the other form of food

2. To Crecencia Drusila Lopez Senior High School (CDLSHS) the Bignay cookies is

recommended to be sold at the children because it can promote good health while

enjoying on dew of their favorite snack

3. To the community patronize foods that can help our body.The Bignay cookies is one

example of these foods it is important to eat healthy and nutrious foods even snack

without so much guilt

4. To the local government, they can establish programs that promote healthy living

particularly to those people suffer having big body and make them aware that bignay

cookie can lose weight and help them achieve good health
- 30
5. To the parents, since they are the ones who are prone to have diabetes and being fat

and they must know what food is suitedfor them. Also they must maintain a healthy

lifestyle to avoid disease like this

- 31 -
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

 https://free.facebook.com/story.php?
storyfbid.9127036316SPid=7670556769746368iefict
 S. Banerjee, "Bignay," Retrieved July 2013 from

http://www.onlyfoods.net/bignay-antidesmabunius.html, 2013
 J. Morton, "Bignay. In: Fruits of warm climates," Julia F. Morton, Miami, FL., pp.

210–212, 1987.
 T. K. Lim, Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants fruits vol. 4. ISBN

9400740530, 9789400740532. New York: Springer, 2012.

 L. Butkhup and S. Samappito, "Analysis on flavanoids contents in mao luang

fruits of fifteen cultivars (Antidesma bunius), grown in Northeast Thailand," Pak J

Biol Sci., vol. 1, 11(7), pp. 996- 1002, 2008

 Micor, Jose Rene L. et.al. , 2005 Boilogical Activity of Bignay[Antidesma Bunuis

(L.) Spreng ] Crude Extract in Artemia Salina. Journal of Medical Science 5: 195-

198.

- 32 -
APPENDICES

- 33 -
 APPENDICES A

APPROVAL SHEET

Crecencia Drusila Lopez Senior High School

DLMP Compound Brgy. San Roque Purok 4, San Pablo City ,Laguna

September 2019

To: Mr. Denward R. Pacia

Principal II

Dear sir,

Greetings of peace and prosperity!

We a group of researchers from Grade12 - FBS/BPP is conducting a research about

“Acceptability and Development of Bignay Cookies”. We would like to ask your
permission to allow us to administer to survey questionnaire to randomly selected
students in Home Economics Strand. We are hoping for your positive approval.

Thank you and God Bless.

Respectfully yours,

Imie Rose C. Rueda

Renalyn Dayan Mar Flores Kharlo Gallego

Carol Alamag Roseann Refresca

Noted by: Romel S. Ladislao Approved by: Mr. Denward R. Pacia

Research Coordinator Principal II

- 34 -
 APPENDICES B

Questionnaire

Dear Respondents,

You have chosen to be a part of our study entitled “Acceptability and

Development of Bignay Cookies”. The researchers are hoping for your positive
cooperation. Rest assured that your identity and opinions will be kept private.

Sign if you agree

Part I: Demographic Profile

Name: (Optional)

1.1. Age:

1.2. Gender: Male Female

1.3. Occupation:

Mother:
Father:

1.4. Monthly Income:

Mother:
Father:

Part II: Instruction: Check your level of agreement to the following statements.

7 = Strongly Agree (SA), 6 = Agree (A), 5 = Somewhat Agree (SOA), 4 = Neutral (N), 3
= Somewhat Disagree (SOD), 2 = Disagree (D), 1 = Strongly Disagree (SD)

- 35 -
 Taste/Aroma SA A SOA N SOD D SD

1. Bignay Cookies tastes good.

2. Bignay Cookies smells good.

3. Bignay’s taste blended well with the

cookies.
4. Bignay is suited to make a cookies.

5. You can taste the bignay extract in the

cookies.

Texture SA A SOA N SOD D SD

1. Bignay Cookies has a good texture.

2. Bignay and cookies has a good combination

for cookies.

3. Bignay Cookies has good colors.

4. Bignay Cookies has a fine texture.

5. Bignay Cookies has a crunchy texture.

Appearance / Packaging SA A SOA N SOD D SD

- 36 -
1. Bignay Cookies looks attractive

2. Bignay Cookies looks delicious.

3. Bignay Cookies is neatly packaged.

4. Bignay Cookies is soft to bite.

5. Bignay Cookies looks clean.

Safety / Cost SA A SOA N SOD D SD

1. Bignay Cookies is safe to eat.

2. Bignay Cookies is affordable for the

price of five (5) pesos per piece.

3. Bignay Cookies is sellable to market.

4. Bignay Cookies can be a healthy

substitute to other commercialized
cookies.
5. Bignay Cookies is good for diabetic
person.

Thank You! 

APPENDICES C

List of the Respondents

- 37 -
11 – Cookery 1

1. Valle, Aaron Chester Paña 1. Cornista, Princess Jhasmin

2. Mallari, John Lawrence
Castillo
3. Espallardo, Johnell Carl Rivera
2. Cupo, SylfynAlcaria
4. Viñas, Arjay Lara
3. Ramos, John Bernard Mostero
5. Agnote, Jamaica Malabanan
4. Kalaw, Danica San Jose
6. Niem,John Mark Barcicanosa
5. Padura, Justin Angel Sangga
7. Guttierez, Jan Arvin
6. Rosales, Kyle Gwyneth Balaguer
8. Munda, Dhalen Joy Obaña
7. Alcantara, Magus Emmanuel
9. Caparaz, AnnarainFrancheska
8. Carro, John Paolo
10. Molina, John Lloyd Garcia
9. Alamag, Carol Abril

12 – Food & Beverage Services

11 – Cookery 2
1. Malapad, Nikko Austria
2. Roxas, Kyla Mae Cornista
1. Cadelino, Euan Gabriel Reyes 3. Adano, EsjayMaque
2. Borbe, Trishia Mae Briz 4. Gapangada, April Laine Celerio
3. Santelices, RussellePolinag 5. Briz, Jamayca Fabian
4. Kaligayan, Armee Mayor 6. Faner, Kyle
5. Salaver, Phoeve Ann Baguna
6. Balcita, Accilass DecerreyDimaculangan
7. Esperacion, Gean Ramos 7. Castillo, ItielRoallos
8. Catubay, Jonathan Esperas 8. Franca, Ma. Hannah Danica
9. Alcantara, Carl Deuna Bartolome
10. Listana, Rhea Mae Guia 9. Delos Reyes, Sherry Mae Dausin
11. Bajon, Tim Hodie Azucena
12. Glorioso, Kyla Capunpon

12 – Bread & Pastry Production

- 38 -
 APPENDICES D
Process of Baking the Product

Finish Product
- 39 -
 APPENDICES E
Giving questionnaire

- 40 -
CURRICULUM
VITAE
 Home Address: Blk 6 Lot 1, Brgy. Sto. Niño, Nurpha Subdivision, San Pablo

City, Laguna
Contact Number: +639090665015
E-mail Address: imierose.rueda08@gmail.com

I. Personal Data
Name: Imie Rose C. Rueda
Age: 17 years old
Gender: Female
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic

II. Educational Background

Elementary School: San Pablo City Central Elementary School
Junior High School: San Pablo City National High School
Senior High School: Crecencia Drusila Lopez Senior High School

Home Address: Blk 1 Lot 16, Sta. Monica lynville, San Pablo City, Laguna
Contact Number:
E-mail Address: kharlogallego200@gmail.com

I. Personal Data
Name: Kharlo V. Gallego
Age: 21 years old
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic
 II. Educational Background
Elementary School:
Junior High School:
Senior High School: Crecencia Drusila Lopez Senior High School

Home Address: Brgy. Atisan, san Pablo City, Laguna

Contact Number:+639263710622
E-mail Address: dayanrenalyn@gmail.com

I. Personal Data
Name: Renalyn B. Dayan
Age: 17 years old
Gender: Female
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic

I. Educational Background
Elementary School: Atisan Elementary School
Junior High School: Santisimo Rosario National High School
Senior High School: CrecenciaDrusila Lopez Senior High School

Home Address: Brgy. Sta. Monica, San Pablo City, Laguna

Contact Number:+639678523592
E-mail Address:

I. Personal Data
Name: Roseann Refresca
Age: 20 years old
Gender: Female
Civil Status: Single
 Citizenship: Filipino
Religion:Christian

II. Educational Background

Elementary School: Sta. Monica Elementary School
Junior High School: San Pablo City National High School
Senior High School: CrecenciaDrusila Lopez senior High School

Home Address:Brgy. II-B Aglipay, San Pablo City, Laguna

Contact Number:+639291177598
E-mail Address:

I. Personal Data
Name: Carol A. Alamag
Age: 20 years old
Gender: Female
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion:Catholic

II. Educational Background

Elementary School: Ambray Elementary School
Junior High School: San Pablo City National High School
Senior High School: CrecenciaDrusila Lopez Senior High School
 Home Address: Brgy Bautista S.P.C
Contact Number: 09124091001
E-mail Address: *****

II. Personal Data

Name: Mar P Flores
Age: 19
Gender: Male
Civil Status: Single
Citizenship: Filipino
Religion: Catholic

III. Educational Background

Elementary School: San Jaoqiun Elementary school
Junior High School: San Bartolome National High School
Senior High School: CrecenciaDrusila Lopez Senior High School