Application of Dalandan Peels as Natural Fertilizer to the Germination of Mongo

(Vigna Radiata) Seeds

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement in Research Ia

Researchers:
Seth Patrick R. Bacani
Marc Razel M. Bulan
Axel Jhon C. Sacdal
Orlando Khit B. Tarun

Grade VIII-Chrome

Regional Science High School for Region 02

Camp Samal, Arcon, Tumauini, Isabela

Jean Jarlo M. Zipagan

Research Teacher

S.Y. 2016-2017
 ABSTRACT
Dalandan Peels has been found to be colonized by Limonene and Linalool that

play an important role in plant because it helps the plants keep safe from scavengers.

Dalandan peels has phosphorus, calcium and cooper content which plays a role as a

good source for biofertilizer.

Fertilizer are used to provide additional nutrition to plants. A type of bacteria

from dalandan peels was found which can be source of natural fertilizer. This

Dalandan peels is usually fdound in the garbage so it can be useful to our

environment.

The dalandan peels were dried for 2 days . After its application, the results

showed that the mean height of treatment 1 have bigger development than the mean

height of Treatment 2 and 3. For the number of leaves of the treatments, T1 gained the

highest mean score of 2.67 which showed a significant difference in term of height in the

control treatment

The researchers recommend that future researchers would use other test crops

i.e. rice or corn to further test the effectiveness of dalandan peels as biofertilizer.

ii
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The researchers would like to express their heartfelt gratitude to the persons written

below who helped them to make their study triumphant:

To their research adviser Ma’am Jean Jarlo M. Zipagan for her full support patience

guidance and encouragement to finish their study.

To their parents who gave their financial and moral support without any hesitations.

Above all, the Almighty God, For his Guidance, blessings and for keeping the

researchers in the right way to complete the study.

The Researchers

iii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE…………………………………………………………………........................i

ABSTRACT ..............................................................................................................................ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................... iii
TABLE OF CONTENT.......................................................................................................... iv
CHAPTER I ............................................................................................................................. 1
A. Background of the study..................................................................................................... 1
B. Statement of the Problem ................................................................................................... 1
C. Statement of the Hypothesis ............................................................................................... 2
D. Significance of the Study .................................................................................................... 2
E. Scope and Limitation .......................................................................................................... 2
F. Definition of terms ............................................................................................................... 2
CHAPTER II ............................................................................................................................ 4
CHAPTER III .......................................................................................................................... 7
A. Research Design .................................................................................................................. 7
B. Research Environment ....................................................................................................... 7
C. Materials and Equipment ................................................................................................... 7
D. Procedure ............................................................................................................................. 8
E. Statistical Tools.................................................................................................................... 9
F. Flow Chart ........................................................................................................................... 9
CHAPTER IV......................................................................................................................... 10
CHAPTER V .......................................................................................................................... 11
A. Summary ............................................................................................................................ 11
B. Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 11
C. Recommendation ............................................................................................................... 12
BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................................. 12
APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................ 14
DOCUMENTATION ............................................................................................................. 17

iv
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background of the study

Why throw dalandan peels if it can be used as fertilizer? Dalandan peels add nutrients

and nitrogen to the soil as they decompose. Limonene and Linalool are the good content of

dalandan peels that make it good fertilizer because limonene is use for insect repellent. It is also

good for growth of plant because putting dalandan peels in compost may actually be helpful to

keeping scavengers out of your compost pile.

These are particularly effective for use as fertilizer. They not quickly dry if you bury

them. You can dry and grid peels to use as much or apply them directly to planting areas.

Dalandan peels are chemical free that makes it harmless to the environment and to the users.

Conducting this experiment will result to cheaper products and will lesser the waste material that

found in the environment.

The aim of the study is to produce a natural fertilizer that is less harmful to plant.

B. Statement of the Problem

This study aims to introduce an alternative organic fertilizer out of dalandan peels

Specifically it aims, to answer the following questions:

1. How will the application of the dalandan peels affect the growth of mongo seeds in

term of:

a. Height of mongo

1
C. Statement of the Hypothesis

Alternative Hypothesis

Ha: There is a significant difference in the effectiveness of dalandan peels as natural

fertilizer with the commercialize fertilizer in terms of:
1. height
Null Hypothesis

Ho: There is a significant difference in the effectiveness of dalandan peels as natural fertilizer

with the commercialize fertilizer in terms of:

1. height

D. Significance of the Study

This study was conducted to produce a substitute to commercialized fertilizers in

increasing crop production through the application of dalandan peels. The study contributed

to the identification of better fertilizer substitute through comparison of the growth of mongo

seeds in different treatments prepared.

E. Scope and Limitation

The research study was limited in the used of mongo seeds as test plant. Observations

on the presence and amount in soil were not achieved.

The study was conducted at the researchers’ residence.

F. Definition of terms

Natural Fertilizers- refers to the improved fertile land using natural waste hence the

term natural fertilizers and natural wastes do not contain any chemical which are detrimental

to the living soil.

2
Mongo- refer to crops as beans. It also refers to to the test plant applied with dalandan peels.

Dalandan- refers to the fruits that will be tested as natural fertilizer to mongo. It is

course, erect, perennial, usually more or less tufted fruit.

3
 CHAPTER II

Review of Related Literature

According to Julie Christensen, gardeners use fertilizers to provide additional nutrition to

plants. Plants may not receive everything they need for healthy growth from the soil.

Fertilizers can improve yields in a vegetable garden or increase flowering in an ornamental

garden.. Fertilizers can mean larger yields in a vegetable garden.

Nitrogen-rich fertilizer is particularly useful for greening lawns. Use nitrogen-rich

fertilizer on your lawn. http://www.ehow.com/facts_5950225_uses-fertilizers.html (By Julie

Christensen)

Dalandan peels is one of the soil improvement factors on plant growth.

Limonene and Linalool are the good content of dalandan peels that make it good fertilizer

because limonene is use for insect repellent. It is also good for growth of plant because

putting dalandan peels (citrus peel) in compost may actually be helpful to keeping

scavengers out of your compost pile.

Dalandan peels contain essential oils yields varied during ripening from 0.46 to

2.70%, where mandarin was found to be the richest. Forty volatile compounds were

identified. Limonene (67.90–90.95%) and 1,8-cineole (tr-14.72%) were the most represented

compounds in bitter orange oil while limonene (37.63–69.71%), β-pinene (0.63–31.49%), γ-

terpinene (0.04–9.96%), and p-cymene (0.23–9.84%) were the highest ones in lemon. In the

case of mandarin, the predominant compounds were limonene (51.81–69.00%), 1,8-cineole

(0.01–26.43%), and γ-terpinene (2.53–14.06%). However, results showed that orange peel oil

was dominated mainly by

limonene (81.52–86.43%) during ripening.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3353483/ (Soumaya Bourgou, * Fatma

Zohra Rahali, Iness Ourghemmi, and Moufida Saïdani Tounsi)

4
 Nutrients found in dalandan peels is calcium, copper, magnesium, nitrogen and

etc.

Using dalandan peels in the compost pile might be the first idea that comes to mind.

Composting is the use of decomposed organic materials to replenish nutrients in the garden.

The process combines the benefits of natural fertilizer with the benefits of minimizing waste

materials. Two key ingredient types are needed to make balanced compost, including brown

materials, such as dry leaves and straw -- materials that add carbon to the mix. Green

materials, such as grass clippings and weeds, add nitrogen to the mix. Dalandan peels are

“green” ingredients that add nitrogen to the compost pile. As an added bonus, dalandan also

offer high concentrations of amounts of calcium, copper, magnesium.

http://homeguides.sfgate.com/ orange-peels-garden-31257.html

In years past, some people recommended that citrus peels (orange peels, lemon peels,

lime peels, etc.) should not be composted. The reasons given were always unclear and ranged

from citrus peels in compost would kill off friendly worms and bugs to the fact that

composting citrus peels was simply too much of a pain. We are glad to report that this is

absolutely false. Not only can you put citrus peelings in a compost pile, they are good for

your compost too.

Heather Rhoades added that citrus peelings have gotten a bad rap in composting due

in part to the fact that it can take a long time for the peels to break down. You can speed up

how fast citrus in compost breaks down by cutting up the peels into small pieces. The other

half of why citrus peels in compost was once frowned on had to do with the fact that several

chemicals in citrus peels are used in organic pesticides. While they are effective as pesticides,

these chemical oils break down rapidly and will evaporate long before you place your

compost on your garden. Composted citrus peels pose no threat to the friendly insects that

5
may visit your garden. Putting citrus peels in compost may actually be helpful to keeping

scavengers out of your compost pile.

Citrus peels often have a strong smell that many scavenger animals dislike. This smell

can work to your advantage to keep common compost pests away from your compost pile.

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/composting/ingredients/citrus-peels-compost.htm

A Study on the Effects of Citrus Fruits as Fertilizers Using Photosynthetic Testing, Growth

Rate and Leaf Area Ratio of Hedera Helix hypothesized that the orange peel extract would be

the best fertilizer for plants because studies have shown that the juice of Citrus Fruits is much

more acidic than their peels (Spiegel-Roy and Goldschmidt, 1996), and we suspected that the

grapefruit extracts from both the peel and the fruit would be too acidic for the plants

(Sinclair, 1972). Furthermore, studies have shown that orange peels contain potassium, which

is necessary for plants to grow (James et al, 2004).

(https://msu.edu/course/lb/145/luckie/inquiriesS2005/streamI/Eagles/eagles.html)By

Zimin Zhao

Dalandan peels, a citrus plant could play its effective role as biofertilizer on the

growth of mongo. By basing on the above study, it has shown that citrus peels are better than

its fruits because of its acidic content. The researchers therefore see it as an advantage

because the study was mainly focused on the use of citrus peels. And since orange peels has

potassium content, it evidently supports the fact the citrus plants like dalandan peels contain

the exact mineral needed by plants

6
 CHAPTER III

Methodology

A. Research Design

Table 1. Randomized Complete Block Design of the study.

Replications
Treatments R1 R2 R3
T1 dalandan peels
(50g) T1 R1 T1 R2 T1 R3

T2 dalandan peels
(100g) T2 R1 T2 R2 T2 R3

T3 Commercialized
T3 R1 T3 R2 T3 R3

The Randomized Complete Block Design was used in the study T1 contained
dalandan peels with (50g), T2 contained (100g), T3 contained the commercialized variable.

B. Research Environment
This study was conducted in researcher’s backyard

C. Materials and Equipment

Weighting Scale- used to measure the weight of dalandan peels

Gloves- used to protect hands

Mortar and Pestle- used to grind the dalandan peels

Mongo- use as the plant

Shovel- use to dig the soil

7
D. Procedure

D1. Gathering of Materials

The materials were collected in the Tumauini Public Market

D2. Weighing of Dalandan Peels

The dalandan peels were weighed using the weighing scale. The experimental

treatments have varied weight of dalandan peels such that

T1= 50g of DP

T2= 100g of DP

D3. Setting the Planting Area

Before planting the test plant, the pots were first prepared. There were two pots in the

study, Pot1 contained the treatment 1 with three replicates, Pot 2 contained treatments 2 with

a replicates also;

D4. Applying of Dalandan Peels

The dalandan peels were applied to the soil before planting the seeds. The amount of

dalandan peels were based on the formulation of the treatments.

D5. Planting of Seeds

After the preparation of pot, the certified seeds were put in the soil and were watered

to germinate.

The plants were watered daily with same amount of water. The insects were

eliminated through land picking.

D6. Testing the Product

The height of mongo was measured from the base of the stem to the teap of the

longest leaf weekly. The product was compared to the mongo seeds with commercialized

fertilizers

8
E. Statistical Tools

Frequency count mean were used as statistical tool of the study.

F. Flow Chart

Gathering of Materials

Weighing of Dalandan
Peels

Setting the Planting

Area

Applying of Dalandan
Peels

Planting of Seeds

Gathering of Data

9
 CHAPTER IV

Results and Discussion

After the application of dalandan peels, the height of mongo were gathered every

week .

Graph1.1 Mean Height of Mongo Plant

Heights of Mongo Plant in T1 T2 T3

14
12.7
11.7
12

9.4 9.7
10
R1
8
6.4 R2
6 4.97 5 5.23 R3
4.3 Mean
3.8
4
2.5 2.7
2

0
T1 T2 T3
TREATMENTS

Referring from the graph above, Treatment 1 evidently showed a hike in its mean

height. It shows an increase of 9.4 cm which makes it comparable to other treatments.

Meanwhile, Treatment 2 got the lowest increase of height which is 4.97 cm.

The data mean that the experiment treatment and control treatment have a comparable

height.

10
 CHAPTER V

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

A. Summary
The dalandan peels were collected to the Tumauini Public Market at Tumauini, Isabela.

The dalandan gathered were place in the container in 2 days. Treatment 1 contained

50 grams of daladan peels, Treatment 2 contained 100 grams of dalandan peels and

Treatment 3 is controlled with commercialized fertilizer.

The result shows an increase of 9.4 cm which makes it comparable to other

treatments.

Meanwhile, Treatment 2 got the lowest increase of height which is 4.97 cm.

The data mean that the experiment treatment and control treatment have a comparable
height.

B. Conclusion

Based on findings, the researchers concluded the treated mongo seeds with the 50

grams dalandan peels can be compared to the 100 grams of dalandan peels and

commercialized fertilizer and showed highly significant difference in term of height among

the treatment means.

Dalandan peels therefore can utilize as an alternative source of fertilizer. It is widely

distributed and available in the fields and therefore can be a cheap source as compared to th

highly expensive commercial fertilizers. Aside for being inexpensive, they are environment-

friendly and therefore highly recommended.

The researchers conclude the ff:

Treatment 1 showed a significant difference in terms of the height of mongo. While

the control treatment fell shortly with Treatment 1’s height increase. This means that

dalandan peels can be an effective organic fertilizer to the growth of plants.

11
C. Recommendation
The researchers recommend that the future researchers would use other test crops i.e.

rice or corn seeds to further test the affectivity of dalandan peels as natural fertilizer.

Furthermore, the researchers recommend to conduct cost analysis on the processing of talahib

roots as biofertilizer.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Internet

12
Christensen J. (1988). Uses of Fertilizer. Retrieved from, http://www.ehow.com/facts

950225_uses-fertilizers.html

Bourgou R. (2012). Amount of Limonene and Linalool in Dalandan Peels. Retrived from

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3353483/

Unknown, Dalandan Peels in garden, Retrieve from http://homeguides.sfgate.com/ orange-

peels-garden-31257.html

Heather R, Citrus Peels In Compost, Retrieve from

https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/composting/ingredients/citrus-peels-compost.htm

Zimin Zhao, Citrus Fruit Peels for fertilizer, Retrieve from

https://msu.edu/course/lb/145/luckie/ inquiriesS2005/streamI/Eagles/eagles.html

13
APPENDICES

14
 APPENDICES
List of Tables

Table 1 Research Design of the study

Replications
Treatments R1 R2 R3
T1 dalandan peels T1 R1 T1 R2 T1 R3
(50g)
T2 dalandan peels T2 R1 T2 R2 T2 R3
(100g)

T3 Control T3 R1 T3 R2 T3 R3

15
Table 2.1 Height of Mongo in T1, T2, T3
Replications Mean
Treatments R1 R2 R3

T1 dalandan peels 12.7cm 11.7cm 3.8cm 9.4cm

(50g)

T2 dalandan peels 2.5cm 2.7cm 9.7cm 4.97cm

(100g)

T3 Control 6.4cm 5cm 4.3cm 5.23cm

16
DOCUMENTATION

17
 DOCUMENTATION

Use to label the Plant Use to measure the Plant

Used to grind the Dalandan Used to measure the weight

Peels of dalandan peels

18
Dalandan Peels is used Mongo seeds is use as
as Fertilizer the plant

Pot is where the plant

The plot where the plant
planted
place

19
 T1 T2 T3

The Plant After 1 Week

`

T1 T3
T2

The Plant After 3 Week

\

T2
T1 T3
The Plant After
20 5 Weeks