Potential of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus costaricencis) Extract as an Alternative

Cloth Dye

By:

Azarcon, Jason V.

Barrientos, Ma. Reygin B.

Buyo, Margareth M,

Fayo, Von Yzmael O.

Fernan, Nashly Khalye D.

Ilanga, Keisha Luz D.

Nobelata, Cle Wai L.

Surriga, Gelene Zina B.

January 2020
 ABSTRACT

Cloth dye is one of the main pigments on textile materials such as fibers, yarns,

and fabrics. Cloth dye are mainly composed acrylic fibers are dyed with basic dyes

while acid dyes and polyester yarn is dyed with disperse dyes

This study aims to determine the potential of dragon fruit (Hylocereus

costaricencis) as a cloth dye after putting the water with dragon fruit extract as

cloth dye.

There were three (3) samples done in three replicates. For sample A, 300ml pure

extract of dragon fruit cloth dye; sample B 225ml pure extract dragon fruit cloth

dye mixed with 25ml distilled water; and for sample C 150ml pure extract of

dragon fruit cloth dye mixed with 50ml distilled water.

 CHAPTER I

Background of the study

Imagine the world without any color. We all know when we imagine the world

without colors the image of black and white movies comes up to our mind where

everything seems to be dull and lifeless. Just like that, a world without colorful

clothes seems dull and lifeless as well. If we check our history, then we will find

that the first recorded mention of fabric dyes dated back to 2600 BC. In the historic

period, the dyes were made by mixing natural pigments with water and oil to color

the clothes. These same dyes are used to paint on the walls of the caves. Nowadays,

90% of the clothes are dyed synthetically and naturally. Using chemical dying has

lots of disadvantages such as environment degradation and several skin problems to

workers if not handled carefully. That’s why most of the people are going green and

using organic dye instead of chemical dyes. A dye is a colored substance that has

an affinity for the substrate to which it is being applied. Dyes are applied in an

aqueous solution and may require a mordant to improve the fastness of the dye on

the fiber. Natural dyes can be defined as those colors which are extracted from a

combination of vegetable, mineral and insect sources. They are simply dyed

substances extracted from natural sources. This distinguishes dyes from pigments
which do not chemically bind to the material they color. The dye is generally

applied in an aqueous solution, and may require a mordant to improve the fastness

of the dye on the fiber. Textile dyes can also cause allergies such as contact

dermatitis and respiratory diseases, allergic reaction in eyes, skin irritation, and

irritation to mucous membrane and the upper respiratory tract. These diseases are

most prevalent in the workers who are dyeing the clothes as they are around the

chemicals all day. Organic Dyes and Pigments is a leading colorant solution

provider offering a broad range of high-quality dyes, pigments and specialty

chemicals used in a diverse base of industries including textiles, coatings,

agricultural products and construction materials. Natural dyes are dyes which are

derived from plants, dried bodies of insects or minerals, mostly they are extracted

from several parts of natural plants like roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits

etc. Earlier synthetic dyes which were produced on a large scale got replaced by

natural dyes for commercial textile production enabled by the revolution of

industries. The above article demonstrates the extraction, evolution, fastness

properties, advantages and disadvantages of natural dyes.  This feature of natural

dyes makes it more appealing to the consumer. Apart from these natural dyes are

biodegradable and don’t cause any pollution when you dispose of them.  This

feature of natural dyes makes it more appealing to the consumer. Apart from these

natural dyes are biodegradable and don’t cause any pollution when you dispose of
them. The main benefit of using natural dye is that they are cheap, readily available

and less time-consuming application. In addition to that, they are safe to use and are

eco-friendly as well. If you want a soft hue or soothing shade then natural dye can

help you to achieve that. Organic dyes are unique and have a special place in

clothes market. Most natural dyes are known as antioxidants. Natural dyes have a

higher observation rate that leaving lower residues making it much more

environment friendly. Unlike synthetic dyes, fabric organic dye doesn’t contain

heavy metals that makes one of the best eco-friendly dyes in the market.

Dragon fruit peel is one of the potential natural pigment source. Almost 30-35% of

the peel fruit is often simply thrown away as trash. Dragon fruit peel provides

natural red color produced by pigment called anthocyanin which can be used as a

subtituent from synthetic dyes to natural dyes. This research was objected to find

the optimum conditions for anthocyanin extraction of dragon fruit peel. The use of

dyes currently more in particular in the field of research. Staining is done to clarify

the cross-section of tissue and tissue sections can be distinguished. Transparent

plant tissue that are difficult to distinguish the parts will be easily observed with

color application. Exploration of alternative utilization of natural dyes are

inexpensive and have a high affinity for components of cells and tissues is
essential, so the use of leather dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) as a natural

alternative dyes are expected to produce natural coloring alternatives to replace the

usual coloring. It is also to develop waste treatment that skin is dragon fruit

(Hylocereus polyrhizus) from being wasted.

Statement of the Problem and Hypothesis

General Objective

1. Generally, this study aims to determine if the Potential of dragon Fruit

(Hylocereus costaricencis) extract as an alternative cloth dye?

2. Is there a significant difference in the Potential of dragon Fruit (Hylocereus

costaricencis) extract as an alternative cloth dye?

Hypothesis

1. Dragon fruit (Hylocereus costaricencis) peel can be an alternative cloth

dye.

2. There is no significant difference in dragon fruit (Hylocereus

costaricencis) peel as an alternative cloth dye.

Conceptual Framework

Independent Variable Dependent Variable

Dragon Fruit Extract

Alternative cloth
Distilled Water
dye.
Cloth
 Definition of Terms

Dragon Fruit – It serves as the main ingredients in our study to make the

alternative cloth dye.

White Cloth - It serves as the material where we can test our finish product.

Cloth dye - It serves as the main topic in our study.

 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter presents a brief review of literature and studies, both local and

foreign, that is related to this study. The literature and studies cited in this chapter

tackle the different concept, understanding, and ideas, generalization or

conclusions and different development related to study of the enrollment from the

past up to the present and which serves as the researchers guide in developing the

project. This research is a qualitative descriptive study aimed to analyze the quality

of the red dragon fruit extract. Those that were also included in this chapter helps

in familiarizing information that are relevant and similar to the present study.

Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus costaricencis)

Bhat Narendra (2012) presents a comparative study of natural dyes and direct dyes

in terms of eco-friendliness and their various color-fastness properties. It also

reveals that natural dyes can be used safely as they contain metals and
formaldehyde within the Okotex limits and do not contain amines. The fastness

properties of natural dyes are found to be satisfactory.

According to Anam et al. (2016), the use of dyes currently more in particular in the

field of research. Staining is done to clarify the cross-section of tissue and tissue

sections can be distinguished. Transparent plant tissues that are difficult to

distinguish the parts will be easily observed with color application. Exploration of

alternative utilization of natural dyes are inexpensive and have a high affinity for

components of cells and tissues is essential, so the use of leather dragon fruit

(Hylocereus polyrhizus) as a natural alternative dyes are expected to produce

natural coloring alternatives to replace the usual coloring. It is also to develop

waste treatment that skin is dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) from being

wasted.

Patil et al. (2019) said that, from past few years due to eco-friendly nature of

people, the use of natural dyes has increased several folds. Natural dyes can be

obtained from the pigments that contained from various parts of plants like leaves,

fruit and rind of the plant. The use of natural colorants in textile is attributed to the
increased awareness about environmental contamination created by intermediates

and harmful chemicals which are used in synthetic dyeing process. The

natural colorants are non-carcinogenic, easily biodegradable and non-toxic for

living organism. Considering energy saving and environmental safety, natural dyes

have attracted the attention of researchers and industrialists to be used in textiles

and other allied industries. Moreover, plants based natural dyes also exhibit

antimicrobial, antioxidant, which make these ideal to be used in the textile and

other related industries. A lot of techniques are being used to improve dyeing

behavior of natural dyes and modification of fabric either by improving extraction

process or by enhancing dye uptake activity of fabric to get good shades and

fastness properties. Normally, pitaya peels are discarded as garbage while

processing. The flesh and peel is a potential source of color for food dye and

colorant. Dragon fruit peel consists of betacyanin pigment (0.15 %) and pectin

(10.8 %) was high in the peel.

The study of Indonesian researchers, Sudarmi et al. (2015), tells that natural dyes

can be obtained from the pigments that contained from leaves, fruit, and rind of the

plants. Dragon fruit peel is one of the potential natural pigment source. Almost 30-
35% of the peel fruit is often simply thrown away as trash. Dragon fruit peel

provides natural red color produced by pigment called anthocyanin which can be

used as a substituent from synthetic dyes to natural dyes. This research was

objected to find the optimum conditions for anthocyanin extraction of dragon fruit

peel. Simple extraction was carried out by using 80% ethanol solvent with variable

ratio of the amount of material

 CHAPTER III

Methodology

Tools and Materials

Materials

1. Dragon Fruit

2. Distilled Water

3. White cloth

Tools

1. Strainer

2. Spoon

3. Knife

4. Gloves

5. Laboratory Gown

6. Mask
 7. Container

8. Blender

9. Beaker

10. Measuring Scale

General Procedure

Gathering of materials.

Prepare the materials.

Peel the dragon fruits and slice into cubes.

Put the dragon fruit, peel and the distilled water inside the blender
Blend until smoothens.

Pour the mixture in a container

Put the cloth on a container where the mixture is placed. Soak the

mixture for 1 minutes. Remove the cloth from the mixture. Let it dry
 And wash it with the detergent and rinse. These are the results

Treatment A Treatment B Treatment C

A- 100% pure dragon fruit extract/ink

B- 75% pure dragon fruit and 25ml of water

C- 50% pure dragon fruit and 25ml of water

 Chapter IV

Discussions and Recommendation

Discussions

This section discusses the applicability of dragon fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus)

extract as the substitute in dyeing cloth. Data of the successful product is presented

below:

Number of successfulness

Treatment A 3 out of 3 cloth that dyed in full pigment.

Treatment B 2 out of 3 cloth that dyed in medium

pigment.
Treatment C 0 out of 3 cloth that dyed.

This table is the bases of the hue and better applications of dragon fruit extract on

the cloth that the researchers presented.

The dyed cloth turned out as the result of the experiment, have the pigments that

the researchers expected. While soaking the cloth in the dragon fruit dye, the

pigments that can be seen was a very good pigment. But then after washing it, the

dragon fruit dye faded and most of the dragon fruit dye on the cloth transferred to

the water makes the water red. Drying the cloth makes the researchers see the final

result. Sample A faded but still have the pigment oh the dragon fruit dye as well as
the Sample B, while the sample C, it has the pigments but not as dark as the

Sample A and B.

Chapter V

Conclusion

Therefore the researchers conclude that Dragon Fruit works as an alternative cloth

dye. Even though that dragon fruit dye is a natural substance dye it won’t last long

as the commercial dye. The only advantage of the dragon fruit dye that it hasn’t

any harmful chemicals and other additives that can ruin the cloth. Dragon Fruit dye

can be a alternative cloth dye but it is not a best cloth dye. Based on the data

presented above we can see that it works but not that much because when you

wash the cloth the dye fades. Although it doesn’t work much it is much safer that

commercialized dye, since its organic it doesn’t or irritate the skin.

 Recommendations

The researchers recommended to the future researchers that use other

chemicals that can stay the consistency of the dye. Choosing the dragon fruit

there is two kinds of it, the red and white dragon fruit. Always remember

that the red one was the researchers recommend to use because the red

dragon fruit meat have the pink to purple stain while the white dragon fruit

haven’t color on it. We recommend to use this dye if you want to use natural

ingredients or if you are allergic to chemicals.

References