Privacy

Privacy is defined as the freedom from unauthorized intrusion. Also called as one’s right to privacy, it
refers to the concept that one’s personal information is protected from public scrutiny. Social media has
become the spotlight the world uses to take a peak into everyone’s private lives. Even more concerning
is the fact that ourselves beam in on our own personal lives. Our penchant for oversharing details of our
lives online poses serious security concerns.

Obscenity and Pornography

Obscenity and pornography although related, are not the same. Pornography is the term used to refer to
any material that uses the elements of nudity to cause sexual arousal among the audience. A
pornographic material is considered obscene when it crosses a line to a point that may be offensive. The
concept of what’s obscene and what’s not in pornographic content may be vague or subjective. This is
because what might be obscene in one sector of society can be totally acceptable in another.

Copyright

Copyright in its literal sense means the right to copy. The owner of copyright has the exclusive right to
reproduce, distribute, perform, display, licence, and to prepare derivative works based on the
copyrighted work. This protection is for “original works of authorship”. It applies to intellectual
properties like images (graphic designs, photos, drawings etc.), write works (books, manuscripts,
publications etc.), audio content (music and any other sound recordings), and performance arts (play,
movies, shows, and etc).

Basic Ethical Orientation

Basic ethical orientation refers to the ethical perception of an individual. It is the reasoning behind his or
her moral judgments and ethical practices. The following are the types of basic ethical orientation.

Divine Command Theories

· Being good is equivalent to doing whatever the Bible—or the Qur’an or some other sacred text or
source of revelation—tells one what to do.

· “What is right” equals “What God tells me to do”.

The Ethics of Conscience

· Conscience dictates what is right or wrong

· Often has a religious source

· Maybe founded on a notion of human nature

· Is often negative in character, telling people what is not right

Ethical Egoism

· Says the only person to look out for is oneself

The Ethics of Duty

· Begins with conviction that ethics is about doing what is right, about doing one’s duty

· Duty may be determined by reason, professional role, and social role.

The Ethics of Respect

· Human interactions should be governed by rules of respect.

Virtue Ethics
· Seeks to develop individual character

· Assumes good persons will make good decisions

· Developed by Plato and Aristotle

· The Spiritual Exercises

· Provides a way of integrating all the theories.