The large mass of peasantry was badly affected by a sharp fall in agricultural prices.

NCERT SOLUTIONS RD SHARMA CLASS 12 CLASS 11 CLASS 10 CLASS 9

Question 17.
‘In my state
CBSE the mother
SAMPLE PAPERSis the most important
LAKHMIR SINGH citizen.’ Discuss this statement made by Hitler.
Answer:
(a) Though Hitler said that in my state the mother is the most important citizen, it was not true.
(b) All mothers were not treated equally. Women who bore racially desirable children were awarded, while
those who bore racially undesirable children were punished.
(c) Women who bore ‘desirable’ children were entitled to privileges and rewards. They were given special
treatment in hospitals and concessions in shops and on theatre tickets and railway fares.

Nazims and The Rise of Hitler Class 9 Extra Questions Long

Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What steps were taken by Adolf Hitler for the destruction of democracy ?
Answer:
The following steps were taken by Hitler for the destruction of democracy :

A mysterious fire that broke out in the German Parliament building in February, 1933 indefinitely
suspended civic rights. It is said that the fire was broken out by Hitler’s supporters, while Hitler blamed
his political enemies for it. The Fire Decree of 28 February, 1933 indefinitely suspended civic rights
such as freedom of expression, speech, press and assembly that had been guaranteed by the Weimar
Constitution.
After that Adolf Hitler turned on his enemy, i.e., the Communists of Germany, most ‘ of the
communists were quickly packed off to the newly established concentration camps.
The repression of the Communists was severe. Their membership was in thousands. They were,
however, only one among the 52 types of victims persecuted by the Nazis across the country.
On 3rd March, 1933, the famous Enabling Act was passed. This Act established dictatorship in
Germany. It gave Adolf Hitler all political and administrative powers to sideline German Parliament
and rule by decree.

Question 2.
What were the main effects of Nazi rule on Germany ?
Answer:
The victory of Nazism produced far reaching effects on Germany :

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 Hitler tried to pull his country out of the Economic Crisis that had befallen on Germany as a result of
NCERT SOLUTIONS RD SHARMA CLASS 12 CLASS 11 CLASS 10 CLASS 9
her defeat in the First World War.
Different types of industries were set up to provide work to the workmen. Trade was encouraged with
theSAMPLE
CBSE same aim in mind.
PAPERS LAKHMIR SINGH
Hitler inspired to make Germany a powerful country and enhanced his military power in all possible
ways.
All political parties except the Nazi Party were banned. And, then a Reign of Terror was let loose in
Germany. Assassinations of anti-Nazi leaders took place on a large scale.
The Communist Parties were also banned.
Trade unions were suppressed.

Question 3.
What did Hitler do to overcome the economic crisis that badly hit the German economy ?
Answer:
After establishing his dictatorship in Germany,he took major steps towards the economic reconstruction.
Hitler assigned the responsibility of economic recovery to the economist Hjalmar Schacht who aimed at full
production and full employment through a state-funded work-creation programme.

In foreign policy also, Hitler acquired quick successes. He pulled out of the League of Nations in 1933,
reoccupied the Rhineland in 1936, and integrated Austria and Germany in 1938 under the slogan, One
people, One empire, and One leader.

He then went on to wrest German speaking Sudentenland from Czechoslovakia and gobbled up the entire
country. In all of this he had the unspoken support of England, which had considered the Versailles verdict
too harsh. These quick successes at home and abroad seemed to reverse the destiny of the country.

Hitler chose war as the way out of the approaching economic crisis. Resources were to be accumulated
through expansion of territory. In September 1939, Germany invaded Poland. This started a war with France
and England. In September 1940, a Tripartite Pact was signed between Germany, Italy and Japan,
strengthening Hitler’s claim to , international power.

Hitler now moved to achieve his long-term aim of conquering Eastern Europe. He wanted to ensure food
supplies and living space for Germans. He attacked the Soviet Union in June 1941. In this historic blunder
Hitler exposed the German western front to British aerial bombing and the eastern front to the powerful
Soviet armies.

Question 4. Chat with us on WhatsApp

Why is Nazism considered a calamity not only for Germany but for the entire Europe ?
Answer:
NCERT SOLUTIONS RD SHARMA CLASS 12 CLASS 11 CLASS 10 CLASS 9
Nazi ideology specified that there was racial hierarchy and no equality between people.
(a) The blond, blue-eyed Nordic German Aryans were at the top, while the Jews were located somewhere on
theCBSE
lowest rung ofPAPERS
SAMPLE the ladder. LAKHMIR SINGH
(b) The number of people killed by Nazi Germany was 6 million Jews, 200,000 Gypsies, 1 million Polish
civilians, 70,000 Germans.
(c) Nazism glorified the use of force and brutality. It ridiculed internationalism, peace and democracy.
(d) Nazi Germany became the most dreaded criminal state. Hitler chose war as the way out of approaching
the economic crisis.
(e) Germany invaded Poland. This started a war with France and England in September 1940.

Question 5.
Explain the impact of the First World War on European society and polity.
Answer:
The First World War left a deep imprint on European society and polity. It had a devastating impact on the
entire continent.
(a) In society, soldiers were ranked higher than civilians. Trench life of the soldiers was glorified by the
media. The media glorified trench life.
(b) Politicians and publicists laid great stress on the need for men to be aggressive and masculine.
(c) Aggressive war propaganda and national honour occupied centre stage in the public sphere.
(d) Popular support grew for conservative dictatorships that had recently come into being.
(e) Democracy as a young and fragile idea could not survive the instabilities of interwar Europe.

Nazims and The Rise of Hitler Class 9 NCERT Extra Questions

Question 1.
Trace the events that led to the birth of the Weimar Republic.
Answer:
In the 20th century Germany was a powerful Empire. During the First World War Germany took up the cause
of Austria against the Allies. Many countries joined the war hoping to gain something, without realizing the
fact that the war would prolong and drain Europe of its resources. Though Germany made initial gains by
occupying France and Belgium, the Allies became stronger when the US joined them in 1917 and defeated
Germany and the Central Powers.

The defeat of Germany resulted in the abdication of the German Emperor. This gave an opportunity for the
parliamentary parties to bring in a change, in German politics. A democratic constitution with a federal
structure was formed by the National Assembly, which met at Weimar and the Weimar Republic came into
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existence.
Question 2.
NCERT SOLUTIONS RD SHARMA CLASS 12 CLASS 11 CLASS 10 CLASS 9
What was the out come of the Versailles treaty?
Answer:
At the
CBSEend of the PAPERS
SAMPLE First World War, in which
LAKHMIR Germany lost, a peace treaty was signed at Versailles with the
SINGH
Allies. The Versailles treaty was harsh and humiliating, for the Germans. Germany lost its
Over seas colonies
One tenth of its population
13% of its territories
75% of its iron and
26% of its coal to France, Poland, Denmark and Lithuania.
The Allied powers demilitarized Germany to weaken its power.
The War Guild Clause held Germany responsible for the war and damages the Allied countries suffered.
Germany was forced to pay a compensation of £ 6 billion.
The Allied armies occupied the resource- rich Rhineland.

Question 3.
What was the impact of the war on the European Society and politics?
Answer:
The impact of the war on the European Society was devastating. It affected the economic, social and
political fibre of Europe.

The soldiers were placed above the civilians.

Politicians and publicists emphasized on the need for men to be aggressive, strong and masculine.
Trench life was glorified by the media though in actual practice the soldiers led a miserable life in the
trench with rats feeding on the corpses and faced poisonous gas.
Though war and national honour was brought to the fore front, people were in support of the
conservative dictatorship.
Due to the instabilities of war, European democracy could not survive, as it was a new idea.

Question4.
Write a short note on the Spartacist League.
Answer:
Germany had to pay war reparation after its defeat in the First World War. But Germany refused to pay the
reparation and France occupied Ruhr to claim Germany’s coal. In retaliation Germany printed paper
currency recklessly. As a result, the value of German mark collapsed and prices of goods soared.

In December 1923, 1 US dollar was equal to 98,860,000 marks. People had to carry a cart
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with us of currency
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to buy a loaf of bread. This crisis is known as hyperinflation.
Question 5.
NCERT SOLUTIONS RD SHARMA CLASS 12 CLASS 11 CLASS 10 CLASS 9
What brought about the Great Economic Depression?
Answer:
There
CBSEwas some PAPERS
SAMPLE financial stability between
LAKHMIR 1924 and 1928. Short term loans from the USA helped
SINGH
industrial recovery in Germany. In 1929, when the Wall Street Exchange crushed, the US withdrew all the
loans. People rushed in to sell their shares as they thought that the prices would go down drastically. It was
said that on the 24th October alone about 13 million shares were sold. This brought about the Great
Economic Depression.

The national income of the US fell by nearly 50% between 1929 and 1932. The factories were shut down,
exports fell, farmers were affected badly and the speculators withdrew their money from the market. All
these affected not only the US but the entire world.

Question 6.
How did the Great Economic Depression affect Germany?
Answer:
As in the USA and the rest of the world, the Great Economic Depression had adverse effect on Germany and
its people. The industrial production came down to less than 40% compared to 1929.
Workers either lost their jobs or were paid less.
About 6 million people were left without any employment.
As jobs disappeared the youth took to criminal activities.
Total despair, a deep anxiety and fear became common place in people.
The saving of salaried people and the pensioners began to diminish when the value of money went down.
Small businessmen, self employed and the retailers were ruined.
Big business was not possible.
The sharp fall in agricultural prices affected the peasants to a great extent.
Women were in deep despair as they could not feed their children properly.

Question 7.
What were the powers that were given to the Police Forces in the Nazi State?
Answer:
The newly organised Police Forces , in the Nazi State, were given so much powers that people could be
detained in Gestapo torture chambers, they could be rounded up and sent to concentration camps, or be
deported or arrested without any legal procedure. The police force could function with such unwieldy
authority that the Nazi state was known as the most dreaded criminal state.

Question 8. Chat with us on WhatsApp

What were Hitler’s Foreign Policies?
Answer:
NCERT SOLUTIONS RD SHARMA CLASS 12 CLASS 11 CLASS 10 CLASS 9
Hitler’s Foreign Policies were a great success. He pulled out of the League of Nations in 1933. He
reoccupied the Rhineland , which was confiscated by the French ,in 1936. In 1938 Hitler integrated Austria
andCBSE
Germany under
SAMPLE the slogan,LAKHMIR
PAPERS One people,
SINGHOne empire, and One leader.

He then captured the German-speaking Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia, and soon gobbled up the entire
country.
In all of his foreign activities Hitler had the unspoken support of England, which had considered the
Versailles verdict too harsh. These quick successes Hitler had at home and abroad reversed the destiny of
the country.

Question 9.
What was the historic blunder Hitler committed in 1941?
Answer:
In June 1941, Hitler attacked the Soviet Union. The German western front was exposed to British aerial
bombing and the eastern front was crushed by the powerful Soviet Red Army at Stalingrad. Thus the Soviet
established its leadership over entire Eastern Europe for the next 50 years. This was the historical blunder
committed by Hitler.

Question 10.
What was the reaction of the common people to Nazism?
Answer:
The common people reacted positively to Nazism. They saw the world through Nazi eyes and spoke their
mind in the Nazi language. The common man felt anger and hatred when he saw the Jews. They marked
the houses of the Jews and reported about suspicious neighbours.
They believed that Nazism would bring prosperity and general well-being.
A large majority of Germans were passive onlookers and were scared to differ or protest.

Question 11.
What were the terms given by the Nazis when they wanted to convey the words ’kill’ or ‘murder in their
official communications ?
Answer:
The Nazis used the words ‘special treatment or final Solution’ to convey mass killing of the Jews. The words
, ‘selection or disinfection’ was used for the elimination of the disabled and to deport people to the Gas
Chambers the Nazis used the word ‘evacuation’.
Gas Chambers were called ‘disinfection areas’. These chambers looked like a bath rooms with fake
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Question 12.
NCERT SOLUTIONS RD SHARMA CLASS 12 CLASS 11 CLASS 10 CLASS 9
How were women treated in Nazi Germany?
Answer:
Women
CBSE in the Nazi
SAMPLE Germany were
PAPERS treated
LAKHMIR as important citizens. Motherhood was glorified, but not all
SINGH
mothers were not treated equally. The women who bore desirable children were awarded. They were given
favoured treatment in hospitals and concessions in theatres and shops. Those who bore undesirable
children were condemned and punished severely.

Honour Crosses were given to women who produced more children. Women with 4 children were given a
Bronze cross, women with 5 were given a Silver cross , while women who bore 8 children and more were
given a Gold cross.
Aryan women who deviated from the given code of conduct were severely punished

Question 13.
What was expected of the youth in Nazi Germany?
Answer:
All the young men above the age of 18 years were expected to serve in the armed forces and enter one of
the Nazi organisations.
At the tender age of 10 they had to join ‘Jungvolk’ – Nazi youth groups for children below 14 years of age.
At 14 years of age they enrolled in the Nazi Youth Organisation called ‘Hitler Youth’.

The German youth were educated in the spirit of National Socialism by these youth organisations. They
were taught to worship war, glorify aggression and violence , condemn democracy , hate Jews,
communists, gypsies and all those who were called ‘undesirable’.

Question 14.
Why did the Nazis hate the Jews?
Answer:
Traditionally the Jews were considered as the killers of Jesus Christ. It was this traditional hostility and the
fact that were basically money lenders charging excessive interest that made the Nazis hate the Jews.

Question 15.
Why did the German Mark collapse?
Answer:
Germany had to pay war reparation after its defeat in the First World War. But Germany refused to pay the
reparation and France occupied Ruhr to claim Germany’s coal. In retaliation Germany printed paper
currency recklessly. As a result, the value of German mark collapsed and prices ofChat
goods
with soared.
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