Muscle Tables

PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Auricular branch of
Anterior part of Posterior auricular
Temporal fascia, posterior auricular
medial and temporal Elevates and draws
Auricularis anterior epicranial artery, parietal External ear
surface of branches of ear forward
aponeurosis branch of superficial
helix of ear facial nerve
temporal artery
Auricular branch of
Lower part of Posterior auricular
posterior auricular
Base of mastoid cranial and temporal Retracts and
Auricularis posterior artery, parietal External ear
process surface of branches of elevates ear
branch of superficial
auricle facial nerve
temporal artery
Auricular branch of
Upper part of Posterior auricular
Temporal fascia, posterior auricular
medial and temporal Retracts and
Auricularis superior epicranial artery, parietal External ear
surface of branches of elevates ear
aponeurosis branch of superficial
auricle facial nerve
temporal artery
Posterior portion of
alveolar process
of maxilla and Compresses cheeks,
Muscular branches of
mandible opposite expels air
Buccal branches facial artery, buccal
Buccinator sockets of molar Angle of mouth between lips, Facial expression
of facial nerve branch of maxillary
teeth, anterior aids in
artery
border of mastication
pterygomandibular
raphe
Parasympathetic Constricts ciliary
fibers via body and lens
Ciliary Corneoscleral junction Ciliary body Ophthalmic artery Intrinsic eye
short ciliary rounds up
nerves (CN III) (accommodation)
Draws eyebrows
Zygomatic and downward and Zygomatic and anterior
Skin of medial
Medial part of temporal medially, branches of
Corrugator supercilii half of Facial expression
supra-orbital margin branches of produces superficial temporal
eyebrow
facial nerve wrinkles in artery
frowning
Inferior border of
External branch of
thyroid Lengthens and
superior Superior and inferior
Cricothyroid Anterior cricoid cartilage cartilage and tenses vocal Laryngeal
laryngeal thyroid arteries
its inferior ligaments
nerve
horn
Angle of mouth Mandibular and
Continuous with
into buccal Depresses angle of Inferior labial branch of
Depressor anguli oris platysma on oblique Facial expression
orbicularis branches of mouth facial artery
line of mandible
and skin facial nerve
Skin to lower lip,
Lateral surface of
mingling with
mandible between Mandibular and
orbicularis Depresses lower lip
Depressor labii symphysis and buccal Inferior labial branch of
oris, medial and draws it Facial expression
inferioris mental foramen branches of facial artery
fibers joining lateralward
deep to depressor facial nerve
those of
anguli oris
opposite side
Zygomatic and
Septum and Narrows nostril,
buccal Superior labial branch of
Depressor septi nasi Incisive fossa of maxilla posterior part draws septum Facial expression
branches of facial artery
of ala of nose downward
facial nerve
Anterior belly: branches
Raises hyoid bone of submental artery
Anterior belly: digastric Anterior belly:
fossa of mandible nerve to and base of
Intermediate
mylohyoid tongue, steadies Posterior belly: muscular
tendon
Digastric hyoid bone, branches of Suprahyoid
Posterior belly: mastoid attached to
opens mouth by posterior auricular
notch of temporal body of hyoid Posterior belly: lowering artery, muscular
bone facial nerve mandible branches of
occipital artery
Blends with Sympathetic
Dilator pupillae Radial fibers in iris sphincter fibers from Dilates pupil Ophthalmic artery Intrinsic eye
pupillae fibers SCG
Skin of frontal
Epicranial aponeurosis Temporal Wrinkles forehead Frontal branch of
Frontal belly of region,
at level of coronal branches of skin, raises superficial temporal Facial expression
occipitofrontalis epicranial
suture facial nerve eyebrows artery
aponeurosis
Variations in spinal nerve contributions to the innervation of muscles, their arterial supply, their attachments, and their actions are common themes in human
anatomy. Therefore, expect differences between texts and realize that anatomical variation is normal.

Table 1-1 Muscle Tables

 Muscle Tables 1
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Sublingual and
Mental spine of Dorsum of tongue, Hypoglossal nerve Depresses and
Genioglossus submental Extrinsic tongue
mandible hyoid bone (CN XII) protrudes tongue
arteries
Inferior genial tubercle Branch of C1
Anterior surface of Elevates hyoid bone
on back of through Sublingual branch
Geniohyoid body of hyoid and depresses Suprahyoid
symphysis of hypoglossal of lingual artery
bone mandible
mandible nerve (CN XII)
Sublingual and
Body and greater horn Lateral and inferior Hypoglossal nerve Depresses and
Hyoglossus submental Extrinsic tongue
of hyoid bone aspect of tongue (CN XII) retracts tongue
arteries
Deep lingual branch
Under surface of tongue
Shortens tongue, of lingual
Inferior longitudinal between Tip of tongue blending Hypoglossal nerve
turns tip and artery, Intrinsic tongue
muscle of tongue genioglossus and with styloglossus (CN XII)
sides downward branches from
hyoglossus
facial artery
Oculomotor nerve
Anterior floor of orbit Abducts, elevates,
Lateral sclera deep to (CN III),
Inferior oblique lateral to and laterally Ophthalmic artery Extra-ocular
lateral rectus inferior
nasolacrimal canal rotates eyeball
division
Ascending
pharyngeal
Oblique line of thyroid Vagus nerve via Constricts wall of
Inferior pharyngeal Median raphe of artery, Circular
cartilage and cricoid pharyngeal pharynx during
constrictor pharynx branches of pharyngeal
cartilage plexus swallowing
superior thyroid
artery
Inferior aspect of Oculomotor nerve
Depresses, adducts,
eyeball, posterior (CN III),
Inferior rectus Common tendinous ring and laterally Ophthalmic artery Extra-ocular
to corneoscleral inferior
rotates eyeball
junction division
Recurrent Superior and
Lateral crico- Muscular process of
Arch of cricoid cartilage laryngeal Adducts vocal folds inferior thyroid Laryngeal
arytenoid arytenoid cartilage
nerve arteries
Bilaterally: protrude
Superior head:
Mandibular nerve mandible
infratemporal
surface of greater Pterygoid fovea, (CN V3),
Muscular branches
wing of sphenoid capsule of muscular Unilaterally and
Lateral pterygoid of maxillary Mastication
temporomandibular branches alternately: artery
joint, articular disc from anterior produces
Inferior head: lateral division side-to-side
pterygoid plate
grinding
Lateral aspect of
eyeball, posterior Abducent nerve
Lateral rectus Common tendinous ring Abducts eyeball Ophthalmic artery Extra-ocular
to corneoscleral (CN VI)
junction
Canine fossa of maxilla
immediately below Angle of mouth; fibers
Zygomatic and
infra-orbital foramen intermingle with Superior labial
buccal Elevates angle of
Levator anguli oris and under cover of orbicularis oris, branch of facial Facial expression
branches of mouth
zygomatic head of depressor anguli artery
facial nerve
levator labii oris, zygomaticus
superioris
Angular head: into
greater alar
cartilage, skin of
Angular head:
Angular head: upper nose, lateral upper
elevates upper
part of frontal lip
lip and dilates
process of maxilla
nostril
Infra-orbital head: Superior labial
Zygomatic and
Levator labii Infra-orbital head: orbit into muscular branch and
buccal Infra-orbital head:
superioris above infra-orbital substance of angular Facial expression
branches of raises angle of
alaeque nasi foramen upper lip between branches of
facial nerve mouth
angular head and facial artery
Zygomatic head: malar caninus
Zygomatic head:
surface of
elevates upper
zygomatic bone Zygomatic head: into
lip laterally
skin of nasolabial
groove and upper
lip

Muscle Tables Table 1-2

 Muscle Tables
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Zygomatic and Superior labial artery
Levator labii Maxilla above buccal Elevates upper lip, and angular
Skin of upper lip Facial expression
superioris infra-orbital foramen branches of dilates nares branches of facial
facial nerve artery
Oculomotor nerve
Lesser wing of
Levator palpebrae Superior tarsal (CN III), Extra-ocular;
sphenoid, anterior Raises upper eyelid Ophthalmic artery
superioris plate superior eyelid
to optic canal
division
Ascending palatine
artery branch of
Vagus nerve via Elevates soft palate
Temporal bone (petrous Palatine facial artery,
Levator veli palatini pharyngeal during Palatal
portion) aponeurosis descending palatine
plexus swallowing
artery branch of
maxillary artery
Ascending cervical
branch of inferior
Ventral rami of Flexes and assists in
Anterior tubercles of Inferior surface of thyroid artery,
cervical rotating cervical
Longus capitis transverse basilar part of ascending Prevertebral
nerves vertebrae and
processes of C3–C6 occipital bone pharyngeal artery,
(C1–C4) head
muscular branches
of vertebral artery
Vertical portion:
into C2–C4
vertebrae
Vertical portion: C5–T3
vertebrae Inferior oblique Bilaterally: flex and
portion on assist in rotating Prevertebral branches of
Inferior oblique portion: anterior cervical
Ventral primary ascending
T1–T3 vertebrae tubercles of vertebrae and
rami of pharyngeal artery,
transverse head
Longus colli cervical muscular branches Prevertebral
Superior oblique processes
nerves of ascending
portion: anterior of C5–C6
(C2–C8) Unilaterally: flexes cervical and
tubercles of vertebrae
vertebral column vertebral arteries
transverse laterally
processes of C3–C5 Superior oblique
vertebrae portion:
tubercle of
anterior arch
of atlas
Ramus of Mandibular nerve Elevates and Transverse facial artery;
mandible, (CN V3), via protrudes masseteric branch
Masseter Zygomatic arch Mastication
coronoid masseteric mandible; deep of maxillary and
process nerve fibers retrude it facial arteries
Bilaterally: protrude
Medial surface of and elevate
Medial surface of lateral ramus and mandible
Mandibular nerve
plate of pterygoid, angle of
(V3), nerve to Facial and maxillary
Medial pterygoid pyramidal process mandible Unilaterally and Mastication
medial arteries
of palatine bone, inferior to alternately:
pterygoid
maxillary tuberosity mandibular produces
foramen side-to-side
movements
Medial aspect of
Oculomotor nerve
eyeball,
(CN III),
Medial rectus Common tendinous ring posterior to Adducts eyeball Ophthalmic artery Extra-ocular
inferior
corneoscleral
division
junction
Mandibular
Incisive fossa of Raises and protrudes Inferior labial branch of
Mentalis Skin of chin branch of Facial expression
mandible lower lip facial artery
facial nerve
Ascending pharyngeal
artery, ascending
Vagus nerve via Constricts wall of palatine and
Middle pharyngeal Stylohyoid ligament and Median raphe of Circular
pharyngeal pharynx during tonsillar branches of
constrictor horns of hyoid bone pharynx pharyngeal
plexus swallowing facial artery, dorsal
lingual branches of
lingual artery
Nerve to Elevates hyoid bone,
Sublingual branch of
Median raphe and mylohyoid base of tongue,
Mylohyoid line of lingual artery,
Mylohyoid body of hyoid nerve (branch floor of mouth; Suprahyoid
mandible submental branch
bone of trigeminal depresses
of facial artery
nerve) mandible

Table 1-3 Muscle Tables

 Muscle Tables 1
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Draws ala of nose
Canine eminence above Zygomatic and Superior labial, septal,
Aponeurosis on toward septum,
and lateral to buccal and lateral nasal
Nasalis nasal compresses Facial expression
incisive fossa of branches of branches of facial
cartilages nostrils; alar part
maxilla facial nerve artery
opens nostrils
Occipital branch of
Skin of occipital
Occipital belly Lateral 2/3 of superior Posterior auricular posterior auricular
region, Moves scalp
(occipitalis) of nuchal line and branches of artery, descending Facial expression
epicranial backward
epicranius mastoid process facial nerve branch of occipital
aponeurosis
artery
Inferior belly: from upper
border of scapula
Inferior belly: to
and suprascapular
intermediate Hyoid branch of lingual
ligament, ending in
tendon Steadies hyoid bone artery,
tendon under
Omohyoid sternocleidomastoid Ansa cervicalis and depresses sternocleidomastoid Infrahyoid
muscle Superior belly: to hyoid branch of superior
body of hyoid thyroid artery
bone
Superior belly: from this
tendon
Skin around orbit,
Medial orbital margin, palpebral
Facial nerve (CN Facial and superficial
Orbicularis oculi palpebral ligament, ligament, Closes eyelids Facial expression
VII) temporal arteries
lacrimal bone upper and
lower eyelids
Zygomatic,
buccal, and Compression, Inferior and superior
Maxilla above incisor
Orbicularis oris Skin around lips mandibular contraction, and labial branches of Facial expression
teeth
branches of protrusion of lips facial artery
facial nerve
Ascending pharyngeal
Vagus nerve via Elevates posterior arteries, palatine
Palatine aponeurosis of Lateral aspect of
Palatoglossus pharyngeal tongue, branches of facial Palatal
soft palate tongue
plexus depresses palate and maxillary
arteries
Tenses soft palate;
Ascending palatine
pulls walls of
artery branch of
Hard palate, superior Vagus nerve via pharynx
Lateral pharyngeal facial artery, Longitudinal
Palatopharyngeus palatine pharyngeal superiorly,
wall descending palatine pharyngeal
aponeurosis plexus anteriorly, and
artery branch of
medially during
maxillary artery
swallowing
Submental and
Skin below clavicle, Mandible, oral
Platysma Facial nerve Tenses skin of neck suprascapular Facial expression
upper thorax muscles
arteries
Posterior surface of Muscular process Recurrent
Posterior crico- Superior and inferior
lamina of cricoid of arytenoid laryngeal Abducts vocal folds Laryngeal
arytenoid thyroid arteries
cartilage cartilage nerve
Draws down medial
Fascia covering lower angle of
Temporal and
parts of nasal bone Skin between and eyebrows, Angular and lateral nasal
zygomatic
Procerus and upper part of above produces branches of facial Facial expression
branches of
lateral nasal eyebrow transverse artery
facial nerve
cartilage wrinkles over
bridge of nose
Base of occipital Ventral rami of Muscular branches of
Rectus capitis bone in front cervical vertebral artery,
Lateral mass of atlas Flexes head Prevertebral
anterior of foramen nerves ascending
magnum (C1–C2) pharyngeal artery
Muscular branches of
Inferior surface of Ventral rami of
Upper surface of vertebral artery,
Rectus capitis jugular cervical Flexes head laterally
transverse process occipital artery, Prevertebral
lateralis process of nerves to same side
of atlas ascending
occipital bone (C1–C2)
pharyngeal artery
Zygomatic and
Fascia over masseter
Skin at angle of buccal Retracts angle of Superior labial branch of
Risorius superficial to Facial expression
mouth branches of mouth facial artery
platysma
facial nerve
Elevates pharynx and
Pharyngotympanic Side of Vagus nerve via Pharyngeal branch of
larynx during Longitudinal
Salpingopharyngeus (auditory, pharyngeal pharyngeal ascending
swallowing and pharyngeal
eustachian) tube wall plexus pharyngeal artery
speaking

Muscle Tables Table 1-4

 Muscle Tables
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Anterior tubercles of Anterior rami of
transverse Scalene tubercle on cervical Elevates 1st rib, Ascending cervical branch
Scalene (anterior) Prevertebral
processes of 1st rib nerves bends neck of inferior thyroid artery
C3–C6 (C5–C8)
Posterior tubercles of Upper surface of 1st Anterior rami
Muscular branches of
transverse rib (behind of cervical Elevates 1st rib,
Scalene (medius) ascending cervical Prevertebral
processes of subclavian nerves bends neck
artery
C2–C7 groove) (C3–C7)
Muscular branches of
Outer surface of 2nd ascending cervical
Posterior tubercles of Anterior rami of
rib (behind division of inferior
transverse lower four Elevates 2nd rib,
Scalene (posterior) attachment of thyroid artery, Prevertebral
processes of cervical bends neck
serratus superficial branch of
C4–C6 nerves
anterior) transverse cervical
artery
Circular smooth Parasympathetic
muscle of iris Blends with dilator fibers via
Sphincter pupillae Constricts pupil Ophthalmic artery Intrinsic eye
that passes pupillae fibers oculomotor
around pupil nerve (CN III)
Pulls stapes
posteriorly to Posterior auricular, anterior
Pyramidal eminence
Stapedius Stapes Facial nerve lessen oscillation tympanic, and middle Middle ear
of temporal bone
of tympanic meningeal arteries
membrane
Sternal head: anterior Sternocleidomastoid branch
surface of Lateral surface of Bilaterally: flex head, of superior thyroid and
manubrium mastoid raise thorax occipital arteries,
process; lateral Accessory nerve muscular branch of
Sternocleidomastoid Neck
Clavicular head: half of superior (CN XI) Unilaterally: turns suprascapular artery,
upper surface of nuchal line of face toward occipital branch of
medial 1/3 of occipital bone opposite side posterior auricular
clavicle artery

Posterior surface of
Sternocleidomastoid and
manubrium Depresses larynx
Medial part of lower hyoid branches of
sterni, posterior and hyoid bone,
Sternohyoid border of body Ansa cervicalis superior thyroid artery, Infrahyoid
sternoclavicular steadies hyoid
of hyoid bone hyoid branch of lingual
ligament, medial bone
artery
end of clavicle
Posterior surface of
manubrium sterni
below and deep Oblique line on Depresses larynx
Cricothyroid branch of
Sternothyroid to origin of lamina of Ansa cervicalis and thyroid Infrahyoid
superior thyroid artery
sternohyoid, thyroid cartilage cartilage
edge of first
costal cartilage
Styloid process and Lateral and inferior Retracts tongue and
Hypoglossal
Styloglossus stylohyoid aspect of draws it up for Sublingual artery Extrinsic tongue
nerve (CN XII)
ligament tongue swallowing
Muscular branches of facial
Body of hyoid bone Elevates hyoid bone
Posterior border of artery, muscular
Stylohyoid at junction with Facial nerve and base of Suprahyoid
styloid process branches of occipital
greater horn tongue
artery
Ascending pharyngeal
Elevates pharynx
artery, ascending
and larynx
Medial aspect of Glossopharyngeal palatine and tonsillar Longitudinal
Stylopharyngeus Pharyngeal wall during
styloid process nerve (CN IX) branches of facial pharyngeal
swallowing and
artery, dorsal branches
speaking
of lingual artery
Upper border of 1st Inferior surface of Anchors and
Nerve to Clavicular branch of
Subclavius rib and its middle third of depresses Neck
subclavius thoraco-acromial artery
cartilage clavicle clavicle
Superior longitudinal Tip of tongue; unites Shortens tongue, Deep lingual branch of
Submucous fibers at Hypoglossal
muscle of with muscle of turns tip and lingual artery, branches Intrinsic tongue
back of tongue nerve (CN XII)
tongue opposite side sides upward from facial artery
Passes through
Body of sphenoid trochlea,
(above optic attaches to Abducts, depresses,
Trochlear nerve
Superior oblique foramen), medial superior sclera and medially Ophthalmic artery Extra-ocular
(CN IV)
to origin of between rotates eyeball
superior rectus superior and
lateral recti

Table 1-5 Muscle Tables

 Muscle Tables 1
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Ascending pharyngeal
artery, ascending
Hamulus,
Vagus nerve via Constricts wall of palatine and
Superior pharyngeal pterygomandibular Median raphe of Circular
pharyngeal pharynx during tonsillar branches of
constrictor raphe, mylohyoid pharynx pharyngeal
plexus swallowing facial artery, dorsal
line of mandible
branches of lingual
artery
Superior aspect of
eyeball, Oculomotor nerve
Elevates, adducts, and
posterior to (CN III),
Superior rectus Common tendinous ring medially rotates Ophthalmic artery Extra-ocular
the superior
eyeball
corneoscleral division
junction
Superficial temporal and
Mandibular nerve
Floor of temporal fossa, Coronoid process Elevates mandible; maxillary arteries,
(CN V3),deep
Temporalis deep temporal and ramus of posterior fibers middle, anterior, Mastication
temporal
fascia mandible retrude mandible and posterior deep
nerves
temporal arteries
Cartilage of Mandibular Tenses tympanic Superior tympanic
pharyngotympanic branch of membrane by branch of middle
Tensor tympani Handle of malleus Middle ear
(auditory, trigeminal drawing it meningeal division
eustachian) tube nerve (CN V3) medially of maxillary artery
Scaphoid fossa of Tenses soft palate,
Ascending palatine
medial pterygoid opens
artery branch of
plate, spine of pharyngotympanic
Palatine facial artery,
Tensor veli palatini sphenoid, Mandibular nerve (auditory, Palatal
aponeurosis descending palatine
pharyngotympanic eustachian) tube
artery branch of
(auditory, during swallowing
maxillary artery
eustachian) tube and yawning
Shortens and relaxes
Muscular process Recurrent
Posterior aspect of vocal cords, Superior and inferior
Thyro-arytenoid of arytenoid laryngeal Laryngeal
thyroid cartilage sphincter of thyroid arteries
cartilage nerve
vestibule
Thyrohyoid
Lower border of Depresses larynx and
branch of C1 Hyoid branch of
Oblique line on lamina body and hyoid bone,
Thyrohyoid nerve via superior thyroid Infrahyoid
of thyroid cartilage greater horn elevates thyroid
hypoglossal artery
of hyoid bone cartilage
nerve (CN XII)
Closes
Transverse and Opposite Recurrent
intercartilaginous Superior and inferior
oblique Arytenoid cartilage arytenoid laryngeal Laryngeal
portion of rima thyroid arteries
arytenoid cartilage nerve
glottides
Deep lingual branch of
Median fibrous septum Dorsum and sides Hypoglossal nerve Narrows and lingual artery,
Transverse (tongue) Intrinsic tongue
of tongue of tongue (CN XII) elongates tongue branches from facial
artery
Ascending palatine
artery branch of
Vagus nerve via
Nasal spine, palatine Shortens, elevates, facial artery,
Uvular muscle Mucosa of uvula pharyngeal Palatal
aponeurosis and retracts uvula descending palatine
plexus
artery branch of
maxillary artery
Fibers extend
Deep lingual branch of
Mucous membrane on from
Hypoglossal nerve Flattens and broadens lingual artery,
Vertical (tongue) dorsum of forepart dorsum to Intrinsic tongue
(CN XII) tongue branches from facial
of tongue undersurface
artery
of tongue
Tenses anterior vocal
Recurrent
Vocal process of ligament, relaxes Superior and inferior
Vocalis Vocal ligament laryngeal Laryngeal
arytenoid cartilage posterior vocal thyroid arteries
nerve
ligament
Zygomatic and
Draws angle of mouth
buccal Superior labial branch of Facial
Zygomaticus major Zygomatic arch Angle of mouth backward and
branches of facial artery expression
upward
facial nerve
Zygomatic and
Angle of mouth, buccal Superior labial branch of Facial
Zygomaticus minor Zygomatic arch Elevates upper lip
upper lip branches of facial artery expression
facial nerve

Muscle Tables Table 1-6

 Muscle Tables 2
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Iliocostalis: angles of
lower ribs, cervical
transverse
processes Cervical portions: occipital,
Posterior sacrum, deep cervical, and
iliac crest, vertebral arteries
Longissimus: between
sacrospinous
tubercles and angles
ligament, Extends and
of ribs, transverse Thoracic portions: dorsal
supraspinous laterally bends
processes of Dorsal rami of branches of posterior
Erector spinae ligament, vertebral Sacrospinalis
thoracic and cervical each region intercostal, subcostal,
spinous column and
vertebrae, mastoid and lumbar arteries
processes of head
process
lower lumbar
and sacral Sacral portions: dorsal
vertebrae Spinalis: spinous branches of lateral
processes of upper sacral arteries
thoracic and
midcervical
vertebrae
Cervical portions: occipital,
deep cervical, and
vertebral arteries
Interspinales
Aid in extension of Thoracic portions: dorsal
(cervical, Adjacent spinous Dorsal rami of
Spinous process vertebral branches of posterior Segmental
thoracic, process spinal nerves
column intercostal arteries
lumbar)
Lumbar portions: dorsal
branches of lumbar
arteries
Cervical portions: occipital,
deep cervical, and
vertebral arteries
Extend between
Intertransversarii Extend between adjacent Assist in lateral Thoracic portions: dorsal
adjacent
(cervical, transverse Dorsal rami of flexion of branches of posterior
transverse Segmental
thoracic, processes of spinal nerves vertebral intercostal, subcostal,
processes of
lumbar) vertebrae column and lumbar arteries
vertebrae
Lumbar portions: dorsal
branches of lateral
lumbar arteries
Spinous processes Thoracodorsal artery, dorsal
of T7–L5, Extends, adducts, perforating branches of
thoracolumbar Humerus (intertubercular Thoracodorsal and medially 9th, 10th, and 11th
Latissimus dorsi Superficial back
fascia, iliac sulcus) nerve rotates posterior intercostal,
crest, and last humerus subcostal, and first
three ribs three lumbar arteries
Ventral rami of Elevates scapula
Posterior tubercles Dorsal scapular artery,
Medial border of scapula C3–C4 and medially,
of transverse transverse cervical
Levator scapulae from superior angle dorsal inferiorly Superficial back
processes of artery, ascending
to spine scapular rotates glenoid
C1–C4 cervical artery
nerve cavity
Cervical portions: occipital,
deep cervical, and
vertebral arteries
Sacrum, ilium,
transverse
Spinous processes of Thoracic portions: dorsal
processes of
vertebrae above, Dorsal rami of branches of posterior
Multifidus T1–T12, and Stabilizes spine Transversospinalis
spanning two to four each region intercostal, subcostal,
articular
segments and lumbar arteries
processes of
C4–C7
Sacral portions: dorsal
branches of lateral
sacral arteries
Rotates atlas to Vertebral artery, descending
Obliquus capitis Transverse process of Suboccipital
Spine of axis turn face to branch of occipital Suboccipital
inferior atlas nerve
same side artery
Transverse Extends and Vertebral artery, descending
Obliquus capitis Suboccipital
process of Occipital bone bends head branch of occipital Suboccipital
superior nerve
atlas laterally artery
Rectus capitis Extends and Vertebral artery, descending
Suboccipital
posterior Spine of axis Inferior nuchal line rotates head branch of occipital Suboccipital
nerve
major to same side artery
Variations in spinal nerve contributions to the innervation of muscles, their arterial supply, their attachments, and their actions are common themes in human
anatomy. Therefore, expect differences between texts and realize that anatomical variation is normal.

Muscle Tables Table 2-1

 Muscle Tables
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Tubercle of Vertebral artery,
Rectus capitis Median inferior
posterior arch Suboccipital nerve Extends head descending branch of Suboccipital
posterior minor nuchal line
of atlas occipital artery
Dorsal scapular artery OR
Fixes scapula to deep branch of
Medial border of thoracic wall transverse cervical
Spinous processes
scapula below and retracts artery, dorsal
Rhomboid major of T2–T5 Dorsal scapular nerve Superficial back
base of spine of and rotates it perforating branches
vertebrae
scapula to depress of the upper five
glenoid cavity or six posterior
intercostal arteries
Dorsal scapular artery OR
Fixes scapula to deep branch of
Ligamentum
thoracic wall transverse cervical
nuchae, Medial border of
and retracts artery, dorsal
Rhomboid minor spines of C7 scapula at spine Dorsal scapular nerve Superficial back
and rotates it perforating branches
and T1 of scapula
to depress of the upper five or
vertebrae
glenoid cavity six posterior
intercostal arteries
Transverse Lamina and
processes of transverse
Stabilizes, extends,
cervical, process of spine Dorsal rami of spinal Dorsal branches of
Rotatores and rotates Transversospinalis
thoracic, and above, spanning nerves segmental arteries
spine
lumbar one or two
regions segments
Cervical portions:
Extends head, occipital, deep
neck, and cervical, and vertebral
Transverse Spinous processes arteries
Dorsal rami of spinal thorax and
Semispinalis processes of of cervical and Transversospinalis
nerves rotates them
C4–T12 thoracic regions
to opposite Thoracic portions: dorsal
side branches of posterior
intercostal arteries
Serratus posterior Spinous processes Inferior aspect of Ventral rami of lower Posterior intercostal
Depresses ribs Intermediate back
inferior of T11–L2 ribs 9–12 thoracic nerves arteries
Ligamentum
nuchae,
Serratus posterior Superior aspect of Ventral rami of upper Posterior intercostal
spinous Elevates ribs Intermediate back
superior ribs 2–4 thoracic nerves arteries
processes of
C7–T3
Bilaterally: extend
head
Mastoid process of
Nuchal ligament,
temporal bone, Descending branch of
spinous Dorsal rami of middle Unilaterally:
Splenius capitis lateral third of occipital artery, deep Spinotransverse
process of cervical nerves laterally bends
superior nuchal cervical artery
C7–T3 (flexes) and
line
rotates face to
same side
Bilaterally: extend
neck

Transverse Unilaterally: Descending branch of

Spinous process Dorsal rami of lower
Splenius cervicis processes laterally bends occipital artery, deep Spinotransverse
of T3–T6 cervical nerves
(C1–C3) (flexes) and cervical artery
rotates neck
toward same
side
Superior nuchal
line, external
occipital Elevates, retracts,
Lateral third of Transverse cervical artery,
protuberance, and rotates
clavicle, Accessory nerve dorsal perforating
Trapezius nuchal scapula; lower Superficial back
acromion, spine (CN XI) branches of posterior
ligament, fibers depress
of scapula intercostal arteries
spinous scapula
processes of
C7–T12

Table 2-2 Muscle Tables

 Muscle Table 3
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Draws central
Xiphoid process, Pericardiacophrenic,
tendon down
lower six costal Converge into musculophrenic, Posterior
Diaphragm Phrenic nerve and forward
cartilages, central tendon superior and inferior abdominal wall
during
L1–L3 vertebrae phrenic arteries
inspiration
Posterior intercostal arteries,
Supports intercostal collateral branches of
spaces in posterior intercostal
Upper border of rib
External inspiration and arteries, costocervical
Lower border of ribs below rib of Intercostal nerves Thoracic wall
intercostal expiration, trunk, anterior
origin
elevates ribs in intercostal branches of
inspiration internal thoracic artery,
musculophrenic artery
Muscular branches of
anterior intercostal
arteries, muscular
branches of posterior
Upper border of rib
Innermost intercostal arteries,
Lower border of ribs below rib of Intercostal nerves Elevates ribs Thoracic wall
intercostal intercostal branches of
origin
internal thoracic and
musculophrenic arteries,
costocervical trunk
branches
Muscular branches of
Prevents pushing anterior intercostal
out or drawing arteries, muscular
Costal cartilage and
in of intercostal branches of posterior
edge of costal
Internal spaces in intercostal arteries,
Lower border of ribs groove of rib Intercostal nerves Thoracic wall
intercostal inspiration and intercostal branches of
above rib of
expiration, internal thoracic and
origin
lowers ribs in musculophrenic arteries,
forced expiration costocervical trunk
branches
Subjacent ribs
Transverse Dorsal ramus of
Levator between
processes of C7 lower thoracic Elevates ribs Posterior intercostal arteries Thoracic wall
costarum tubercle and
and T1–T11 nerves
angle
Sternal half of
clavicle, sternum
to 7th rib, Lateral lip of Pectoral branch of
Medial and lateral Flexes and adducts
cartilages of intertubercular thoraco-acromial artery, Pectoral/axilla
Pectoralis major pectoral arm, rotates arm
true ribs, sulcus of perforating branches of region
nerves medially
aponeurosis of humerus internal thoracic artery
external oblique
muscle
Lowers lateral angle Pectoral branch of
Outer surface of
Coracoid process of Medial pectoral of scapula and thoraco-acromial and Pectoral/axilla
Pectoralis minor upper margin of
scapula nerve protracts intercostal lateral region
ribs 3–5
scapula thoracic arteries
Protracts scapula
Costal surface of
Lateral surfaces of Long thoracic and holds it Pectoral/axilla
Serratus anterior medial border of Lateral thoracic artery
upper 8–9 ribs nerve against thoracic region
scapula
wall
Serratus Ventral rami of
Spinous processes Inferior aspect of
posterior lower thoracic Depresses ribs Posterior intercostal arteries Superficial back
of T11–L2 ribs 9–12
inferior nerves
Ligamentum nuchae,
Serratus Ventral rami of
spinous Superior aspect of
posterior upper thoracic Elevates ribs Posterior intercostal arteries Superficial back
processes of ribs 2–4
superior nerves
C7–T3
Internal surface of Superior borders of
Posterior intercostal artery,
Subcostal lower ribs near 2nd or 3rd rib Intercostal nerves Depresses ribs Thoracic wall
musculophrenic artery
their angles below
Internal surface of
Transversus Posterior surface of Depresses ribs and Anterior intercostal arteries,
costal cartilages Intercostal nerves Thoracic wall
thoracis lower sternum costal cartilages internal thoracic artery
2–6

Variations in spinal nerve contributions to the innervation of muscles, their arterial supply, their attachments, and their actions are common themes in human
anatomy. Therefore, expect differences between texts and realize that anatomical variation is normal.

Muscle Table Table 3-1

 Muscle Table 4
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY MUSCLE GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Draws central Pericardiacophrenic,
Xiphoid process,
tendon down musculophrenic,
lower six costal Converges into Posterior abdominal
Diaphragm Phrenic nerve and forward superior and
cartilages, central tendon wall
during inferior phrenic
L1–L3 vertebrae
inspiration arteries
Compresses and
Linea alba, pubic supports
Ventral rami of six Superior and inferior
External surfaces of tubercle, abdominal
External oblique inferior thoracic epigastric Abdominal wall
ribs 5–12 anterior half of viscera, flexes
nerves arteries
iliac crest and rotates
trunk
Superior 2/3 iliac Lesser trochanter of
Flexes hip and
fossa, ala of femur and shaft
stabilizes hip Iliac branches of Posterior abdominal
Iliacus sacrum, anterior inferior to it, and Femoral nerve
joint; acts with iliolumbar artery wall
sacro-iliac to psoas major
psoas major
ligaments tendon
Compresses and
Thoracolumbar
Inferior borders of Ventral rami of six supports Superior and inferior
fascia, anterior
ribs 10–12, linea inferior thoracic abdominal epigastric and
Internal oblique 2/3 of iliac crest, Abdominal wall
alba, pubis via and first lumbar viscera, flexes deep circumflex
lateral half of
conjoint tendon nerves and rotates iliac arteries
inguinal ligament
trunk
Acting superiorly
Transverse with iliacus,
processes of flexes hip;
lumbar acting inferiorly,
vertebrae, sides flexes vertebral
Ventral rami of first
of bodies of Lesser trochanter of column laterally; Lumbar branches of Posterior abdominal
Psoas major four lumbar
T12–L5 femur used to balance iliolumbar artery wall
nerves
vertebrae, trunk in sitting
intervening position; acting
intervertebral inferiorly with
discs iliacus, flexes
trunk
Vertebral margins of
T12–L1
Pectineal line,
vertebrae, Ventral rami of first Flexes pelvis on Lumbar branch of Posterior abdominal
Psoas minor iliopectineal
corresponding lumbar nerve vertebral column iliolumbar artery wall
eminence
intervertebral
disc
Body of pubis,
anterior to Inferior epigastric
Pyramidalis Linea alba Iliohypogastric nerve Tenses linea alba Abdominal wall
rectus artery
abdominis
Medial half of inferior
Extends and laterally
border of 12th
Iliolumbar ligament, Ventral rami of T12 flexes vertebral
Quadratus rib, tips of Posterior abdominal
internal lip of and first four column, fixes Iliolumbar artery
lumborum lumbar wall
iliac crest lumbar nerves 12th rib during
transverse
inspiration
processes
Flexes trunk,
Xiphoid process, Ventral rami of six Superior and interior
Pubic symphysis, compresses
Rectus abdominis costal cartilages inferior thoracic epigastric Abdominal wall
pubic crest abdominal
5–7 nerves arteries
viscera
Internal surfaces of
costal cartilages Linea alba with
7–12, aponeurosis of Ventral rami of six Compresses and Deep circumflex iliac
Transversus thoracolumbar internal oblique, inferior thoracic supports and inferior
abdominis fascia, iliac pubic crest, and and first lumbar abdominal epigastric Abdominal wall
crest, lateral pecten pubis via nerves viscera arteries
third of inguinal conjoint tendon
ligament

Variations in spinal nerve contributions to the innervation of muscles, their arterial supply, their attachments, and their actions are common themes in human
anatomy. Therefore, expect differences between texts and realize that anatomical variation is normal.

Muscle Table Table 4-1

 Muscle Tables
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Male: compresses
bulb of penis,
forces blood
into body of
Male: perineal penis during
membrane, erection,
corpus removes urine
cavernosum, from urethra and
Male: median raphe,
bulb of penis semen during
bulb of penis, Deep branch of Internal pudendal
ejaculation
perineal body perineal nerve artery and its
Bulbospongiosus Female: dorsum of Perineal
from pudendal branch (perineal
clitoris, inferior nerve Female: constricts artery)
Female: perineal
fascia of vaginal orifice,
body
urogenital assists in
diaphragm, bulb expressing
of vestibule, secretions of
pubic arch greater
vestibular gland,
forces blood
into body of
clitoris
Ischial spine, Supports pelvic
Coccygeus Inferior sacrum, Ventral rami of lower
sacrospinous viscera, draws Inferior gluteal artery Pelvic floor
(ischiococcygeus) coccyx sacral nerves
ligament coccyx forward
Perineal branch of
Compressor urethrae Anterior aspect of Perineal branches of
Ischiopubic ramus Sphincter of urethra internal Perineal
(female only) urethra pudendal nerve
pudendal artery
Lower edge of
Genital branch of Cremasteric branch
internal oblique Pubic tubercle, crest
Cremaster genitofemoral Retracts testicle of inferior Spermatic cord
and middle of of pubis
nerve epigastric artery
inguinal ligament
Male: medial
tendinous raphe
Inner surface of and perineal Stabilizes perineal Perineal branch of
Deep transverse body Perineal branches of
inferior ischial body, supports internal Perineal
perineal pudendal nerve
rami prostate/vagina pudendal artery
Female: sides of
vagina
Deeper fibers
surround anal
canal, attach Perineal and inferior
Tip of coccyx, Inferior rectal and
External anal posteriorly to rectal branches
anococcygeal Closes anal orifice transverse Perineal
sphincter coccyx and of pudendal
ligament perineal artery
anteriorly to nerve
central point of
perineum
Superior 2/3 of iliac Lesser trochanter of Flexes thigh at hips
fossa, ala of femur and shaft and stabilizes
Iliac branches of
Iliacus sacrum, anterior inferior to it, to Femoral nerve hip joint, acts Anterior thigh
iliolumbar artery
sacro-iliac psoas major with psoas
ligaments tendon major
Inferior internal
Deep branch of Forces blood into Internal pudendal
surface of
Crus of penis or perineal nerve body of penis artery and its
Ischiocavernosus ischiopubic Perineal
clitoris from pudendal and clitoris branch (perineal
ramus, ischial
nerve during erection artery)
tuberosity
Perineal body, Inferior gluteal
Body of pubis, coccyx, artery, internal
tendinous arch anococcygeal Ventral rami of lower Supports pelvic pudendal artery
Levator ani of obturator raphe, walls of sacral nerves, viscera, raises and its branches Pelvic floor
fascia, ischial prostate or perineal nerve pelvic floor (inferior rectal
spine vagina, rectum, and perineal
anal canal arteries)
Pelvic surface of
Medial surface of Laterally rotates
obturator Internal pudendal
greater Nerve to obturator extended thigh,
Obturator internus membrane and and obturator Gluteal region
trochanter of internus abducts flexed
surrounding arteries
femur thigh at hip
bone
Variations in spinal nerve contributions to the innervation of muscles, their arterial supply, their attachments, and their actions are common themes in human
anatomy. Therefore, expect differences between texts and realize that anatomical variation is normal.

Table 5-1 Muscle Tables

 Muscle Tables 5
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Anterior surface of
Superior border of Laterally rotates Superior and inferior
sacral segments
greater Ventral rami of L5, extended thigh, gluteal arteries,
Piriformis 2–4, Gluteal region
trochanter of S1, S2 abducts flexed internal
sacrotuberous
femur thigh at hip pudendal artery
ligament
Lower part of pubic
symphysis, Loops around
Nerve to levator ani
Puborectalis superior fascia rectum; no distal Pelvic floor
muscle
of urogenital attachment
diaphragm
External fibers from
junction of Male: median raphe
inferior pubic in front and Compresses urethra
and ischial rami behind urethra at end of
and adjacent Perineal branch of
Perineal branches of micturition; in
Sphincter urethrae fascia; internal internal Perineal
Female: encloses pudendal nerve female also
fibers pass pudendal artery
urethra, attaches compresses the
medially to
to sides of distal vagina
surround
membranous vagina
urethra
Sphincter
urethrovaginalis Passes forward and
(female only) Perineal branches of Sphincter of urethra Perineal branch of
Perineal body anterior around Perineal
pudendal nerve and vagina pudendal artery
urethra

Perineal branch of
Superficial transverse Ischial rami and Central tendon Perineal branches of Stabilizes central
internal Perineal
perineal tuberosities (perineal body) pudendal nerve tendon
pudendal artery

Muscle Tables Table 5-2

 Muscle Tables 6
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Medial side of base
Pisiform bone and
Abductor digiti of proximal Ulnar nerve (deep Deep palmar branch
tendon of flexor Abducts little finger Hand
minimi phalanx of little branch) of ulnar artery
carpi ulnaris
finger (5th digit)
Flexor retinaculum, Lateral side of base
Median nerve Superficial palmar
Abductor pollicis tubercles of of proximal
(recurrent Abducts thumb branch of radial Hand
brevis scaphoid and phalanx of
branch) artery
trapezium thumb
Posterior surface of
Radial nerve Abducts and extends Posterior
Abductor pollicis ulna, radius, and Base of 1st Posterior
(posterior thumb at interosseous
longus interosseous metacarpal forearm
interosseous) carpometacarpal joint artery
membrane
Oblique head: bases
of 2nd and 3rd
metacarpals and
capitate and Medial side of base
adjacent bones of proximal Ulnar nerve (deep
Adductor pollicis Adducts thumb Deep palmar arch Hand
phalanx of branch)
Transverse head: thumb
anterior surface
of 3rd
metacarpal
Posterior surface Lateral surface of Assists triceps in
of lateral olecranon and extending elbow,
Anconeus Radial nerve (C5–T1) Deep brachial artery Arm
epicondyle of posterior abducts ulna in
humerus proximal ulna pronation
Long head:
supraglenoid
tubercle of Radial tuberosity,
scapula fascia of Muscular branches
Musculocutaneous Flexes and supinates
Biceps brachii forearm via of brachial Arm
nerve (C5,C6) forearm at elbow
Short head: tip of bicipital artery
coracoid aponeurosis
process of
scapula
Radial recurrent
Distal half of anterior Coronoid process Musculocutaneous
artery, muscular
Brachialis surface of and tuberosity nerve and radial Flexes forearm at elbow Arm
branches of
humerus of ulna nerve (C7)
brachial artery
Proximal 2/3 of
lateral Weak flexion of forearm
Lateral side of distal Radial recurrent Posterior
Brachioradialis supracondylar Radial nerve when forearm is
end of radius artery forearm
ridge of midpronated
humerus
Tip of coracoid Middle third of Muscular branches
Musculocutaneous Flexes and adducts arm
Coracobrachialis process of medial surface of brachial Arm
nerve at shoulder
scapula of humerus artery
Clavicular part: flexes and
medially rotates arm
Posterior circumflex
Lateral third of
Acromial part: abducts humeral
anterior clavicle,
Deltoid tuberosity of arm beyond initial 15 artery, deltoid
Deltoid lateral acromion, Axillary nerve Shoulder
humerus degrees done by branch of
inferior edge of
supraspinatus thoraco-acromial
spine of scapula
artery
Spinal part: extends and
laterally rotates arm
Abduct digits from axial
Base of proximal
line of hand (3rd
Adjacent sides of phalanges,
Dorsal interosseous Ulnar nerve (deep digit); flex digits at
two metacarpal extensor Deep palmar arch Hand
muscles branch) metacarpophalangeal
bones expansion of
joint and extend
digits 2–4
interphalangeal joints
Dorsal base of 3rd
Extensor carpi Lateral epicondyle of metacarpal and Radial nerve (deep Extends and abducts Radial artery, radial Posterior
radialis brevis humerus slip to 2nd branch) hand at wrist recurrent artery forearm
metacarpal
Distal third of lateral Dorsal base of 2nd
Extensor carpi supracondylar metacarpal and Extends and abducts Radial artery, radial Posterior
Radial nerve
radialis longus ridge of slip to 3rd hand at wrist recurrent artery forearm
humerus metacarpal

Variations in spinal nerve contributions to the innervation of muscles, their arterial supply, their attachments, and their actions are common themes in human
anatomy. Therefore, expect differences between texts and realize that anatomical variation is normal.

Muscle Tables Table 6-1

 Muscle Tables
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Lateral epicondyle of
Radial nerve Posterior
Extensor carpi humerus and Dorsal base of 5th Extends and adducts Posterior
(posterior interosseous
ulnaris posterior border metacarpal hand at wrist forearm
interosseous) artery
of ulna
Radial nerve Posterior
Extensor digiti Lateral epicondyle of Extensor expansion Posterior
(posterior Extends 5th digit interosseous
minimi humerus of 5th digit forearm
interosseous) artery
Extensor expansions Radial nerve Extends medial four Posterior
Lateral epicondyle of Posterior
Extensor digitorum of medial four (posterior digits, assists in wrist interosseous
humerus forearm
digits interosseous) extension artery
Posterior surface of
Radial nerve Extends 2nd digit and Posterior
ulna and Extensor expansion Posterior
Extensor indicis (posterior helps extend hand at interosseous
interosseous of 2nd digit forearm
interosseous) wrist artery
membrane
Posterior surface of Dorsal base of
Radial nerve Extends proximal phalanx Posterior
Extensor pollicis radius and proximal Posterior
(posterior of thumb at interosseous
brevis interosseous phalanx of forearm
interosseous) carpometacarpal joint artery
membrane thumb
Posterior surface of Extends distal phalanx
middle third of Dorsal base of distal Radial nerve of thumb at Posterior
Extensor pollicis Posterior
ulna, phalanx of (posterior interphalangeal and interosseous
longus forearm
interosseous thumb interosseous) metacarpophalangeal artery
membrane joints
Medial epicondyle of Base of 2nd Flexes and abducts hand Anterior
Flexor carpi radialis Median nerve Radial artery
humerus metacarpal at wrist forearm
Humeral head:
medial
epicondyle of
humerus Pisiform bone, hook
of hamate, base Flexes and adducts hand Posterior ulnar Anterior
Flexor carpi ulnaris Ulnar nerve
of 5th at wrist recurrent artery forearm
Ulnar head: metacarpal
olecranon and
posterior border
of ulna
Medial side of base
Flexor retinaculum
Flexor digiti minimi of proximal Ulnar nerve (deep Flexes proximal phalanx Deep palmar branch
and hook of Hand
brevis phalanx of little branch) of little finger of ulnar artery
hamate bone
finger
Medial and anterior Medial part: ulnar
surface of Palmar base of nerve Flexes distal phalanges Anterior interosseous
Flexor digitorum proximal 3/4 of distal phalanges of medial four digits, artery, muscular Anterior
profundus ulna and of medial four assists with flexion of branches of forearm
interosseous digits Lateral part: median hand at wrist ulnar artery
membrane nerve

Humero-ulnar head:
medial
epicondyle of
humerus and Bodies of middle Flexes middle and
Flexor digitorum coronoid phalanges of proximal phalanges Ulnar and radial Anterior
process of ulna Median nerve
superficialis medial four of medial four digits, arteries forearm
digits flexes hand at wrist
Radial head:
superior half of
anterior radius
Lateral side of base
Flexor retinaculum Median nerve Superficial palmar
of proximal Flexes proximal phalanx
Flexor pollicis brevis and tubercle of (recurrent branch of radial Hand
phalanx of of thumb
trapezium branch) artery
thumb
Anterior surface of
Palmar base of Median nerve
radius and Flexes phalanges of Anterior interosseous Anterior
Flexor pollicis longus distal phalanx of (anterior
interosseous thumb artery forearm
thumb interosseous)
membrane
Infraspinous fossa of Middle facet of
Lateral rotation of arm
Infraspinatus scapula and greater tubercle Suprascapular nerve Suprascapular artery Shoulder
(with teres minor)
deep fascia of humerus

Table 6-2 Muscle Tables

 Muscle Tables 6
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Thoracodorsal
artery, dorsal
Spinous processes perforating
of T7–L5 branches of 9th,
Intertubercular Extends, adducts, and
vertebrae, 10th, and 11th
Latissimus dorsi sulcus of Thoracodorsal nerve medially rotates Shoulder
thoracolumbar posterior
humerus humerus at shoulder
fascia, iliac intercostal,
crest, last 3 ribs subcostal, and
first three
lumbar arteries
Dorsal scapular
Posterior tubercles Medial border of artery,
Ventral rami of C3– Elevates scapula
of transverse scapula from transverse
Levator scapulae C4 and dorsal medially, inferiorly Superficial back
processes of superior angle cervical artery,
scapular nerve rotates glenoid cavity
C1–C4 to spine ascending
cervical artery
Extend digits at
Lateral two tendons Lateral sides of
interphalangeal
Lumbrical, first and of flexor extensor Median nerve (digital Superficial and deep
joints, flex Hand
second digitorum expansion of branches) palmar arches
metacarpophalangeal
profundus digits 2 and 3
joints
Extend digits at
Medial three Lateral sides of
interphalangeal
Lumbrical, third and tendons of extensor Ulnar nerve (deep Superficial and deep
joints, flex Hand
fourth flexor digitorum expansion of branch) palmar arches
metacarpophalangeal
profundus digits 4 and 5
joints
Flexor retinaculum Draws 5th metacarpal
Opponens digiti Palmar surface of Ulnar nerve (deep Deep palmar branch
and hook of anteriorly and rotates Hand
minimi 5th metacarpal branch) of ulnar artery
hamate bone it to face thumb
Flexor retinaculum Median nerve Draws 1st metacarpal Superficial palmar
Lateral side of 1st
Opponens pollicis and tubercle of (recurrent forward and rotates it branch of radial Hand
metacarpal
trapezium branch) medially artery
Bases of proximal Adducts digits toward
phalanx and axial line of hand (3rd
Palmar interosseous Sides of metacarpals extensor Ulnar nerve (deep digit); flexes digits at
Deep palmar arch Hand
muscles 2, 4, and 5 expansion of branch) metacarpophalngeal
digits 2, 4, and joint and extends
5 interphalangeal joints
Palmar aponeurosis Superficial palmar
Skin of medial Deepens hollow of hand, Superficial palmar
Palmaris brevis and flexor branch of ulnar Hand
border of palm assists grip arch
retinaculum nerve
Distal half of flexor
Flexes hand at wrist and
Medial epicondyle of retinaculum Posterior ulnar Anterior
Palmaris longus Median nerve tenses palmar
humerus and palmar recurrent artery forearm
aponeurosis
aponeurosis
Sternal half of
Pectoral branch
clavicle, sternum
of thoraco-
to 7th rib, Lateral lip of
acromial artery,
cartilages of true intertubercular Medial and lateral Flexes and adducts arm, Pectoral region/
Pectoralis major perforating
ribs, sulcus of pectoral nerves rotates arm medially axilla
branches of
aponeurosis of humerus
internal thoracic
external oblique
artery
muscle
Pectoral branch of
Outer surface of Lowers lateral angle of thoraco-acromial
Coracoid process of Medial pectoral Pectoral region/
Pectoralis minor upper margin of scapula and and intercostal
scapula nerve axilla
ribs 3–5 protracts scapula lateral thoracic
arteries
Median nerve
Distal fourth of Distal fourth of Anterior interosseous Anterior
Pronator quadratus (anterior Pronates forearm
anterior ulna anterior radius artery forearm
interosseous)
Two heads: medial
epicondyle of Pronates forearm and
Midway along lateral Anterior ulnar Anterior
Pronator teres humerus and Median nerve assists with elbow
surface of radius recurrent artery forearm
coronoid flexion
process of ulna

Muscle Tables Table 6-3

 Muscle Tables
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Dorsal scapular OR
deep branch of
transverse
cervical artery,
Medial border of Fixes scapula to thoracic
Spinous processes dorsal
scapula below Dorsal scapular wall and retracts and
Rhomboid major of T2–T5 perforating Superficial back
base of spine of nerve rotates it to depress
vertebrae branches of the
scapula glenoid cavity
upper five or six
posterior
intercostal
arteries artery
Dorsal scapular
artery OR deep
branch of
transverse
Ligamentum nuchae, Fixes scapula to thoracic cervical artery,
Medial border of
spines of C7 Dorsal scapular wall and retracts and dorsal
Rhomboid minor scapula at spine Superficial back
and T1 nerve rotates it to depress perforating
of scapula
vertebrae glenoid cavity branches of the
upper five or six
posterior
intercostal
arteries
Costal surface of Protracts and rotates
Lateral surfaces of Lateral thoracic
Serratus anterior medial border of Long thoracic nerve scapula and holds it Shoulder
upper 8–9 ribs artery
scapula against thoracic wall
Upper border of 1st Inferior surface of Clavicular branch
Anchors and depresses
Subclavius rib and its middle third of Nerve to subclavius of thoraco- Shoulder
clavicle
cartilage clavicle acromial artery
Medially rotates arm at
Upper and lower shoulder and Subscapular artery,
Lesser tubercle of
Subscapularis Subscapular fossa subscapular adducts it, helps hold lateral thoracic Shoulder
humerus
nerves humeral head in artery
glenoid cavity
Lateral, posterior,
Lateral epicondyle Radial recurrent
and anterior
of humerus, Radial nerve (deep artery, posterior Posterior
Supinator surfaces of Supinates forearm
supinator crest branch) interosseous forearm
proximal third of
of ulna arteries
radius
Supraspinous fossa Superior facet of Initiates arm abduction,
Supraspinatus of scapula and greater tubercle Suprascapular nerve acts with rotator cuff Suprascapular artery Shoulder
deep fascia of humerus muscles
Medial lip of
Posterior surface of
intertubercular Lower subscapular Adducts and medially Circumflex scapular
Teres major inferior angle of Shoulder
sulcus of nerve rotates arm artery
scapula
humerus
Upper 2/3 of
Inferior facet of
posterior surface Circumflex scapular
Teres minor greater tubercle Axillary nerve Laterally rotates arm Shoulder
of lateral border artery
of humerus
of scapula
Superior nuchal line,
Transverse cervical
external
artery, dorsal
occipital Lateral third of Elevates, retracts, and
perforating
protuberance, clavicle, Accessory nerve rotates scapula;
Trapezius branches of Superficial back
nuchal ligament, acromion, and (cranial nerve XI) lower fibers depress
posterior
spinous spine of scapula scapula
intercostal
processes of
arteries
C7–T12
Long head:
infraglenoid
tubercle of
scapula Extends forearm at
elbow; long head
Lateral head: upper Posterior surface of stabilizes head of
Branch of profunda
Triceps brachii half of posterior olecranon Radial nerve abducted humerus Arm
brachii artery
humerus process of ulna and extends and
adducts arm at
Medial head: distal shoulder
2/3 of medial
and posterior
humerus

Table 6-4 Muscle Tables

 Muscle Tables 7
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Medial and lateral
Medial-lateral plantar
tubercles of
Lateral side of base artery, plantar
tuberosity of
Abductor digiti of proximal Lateral plantar Abducts and flexes 5th metatarsal and
calcaneus, plantar Foot
minimi phalanx of 5th nerve digit plantar digital
aponeurosis, and
digit arteries to 5th
intermuscular
digit
septum
Medial tubercle of
Medial side of base Medial plantar and
tuberosity of
of proximal Medial plantar Abducts and flexes 1st 1st plantar
Abductor hallucis calcaneus, flexor Foot
phalanx of 1st nerve digit metatarsal
retinaculum, and
digit arteries
plantar aponeurosis
Profunda femoris,
Pectineal line and medial
Body and inferior pubic proximal part of Adducts thigh at hip, circumflex
Adductor brevis Obturator nerve Medial thigh
ramus linea aspera of weak hip flexor femoral, and
femur obturator
arteries
Oblique head: bases of
2nd through 4th Tendons of both Medial and lateral
metatarsals heads lateral plantar arteries
Deep branch of Adducts 1st digit,
to side of base and plantar
Adductor hallucis lateral plantar maintains transverse Foot
Transverse head: of proximal arch, plantar
nerve arch of foot
ligaments of phalanx of 1st metatarsal
metatarsophalangeal digit arteries
joints of digits 3-5
Profunda femoris
Obturator nerve
Body of pubis inferior to Middle third of linea and medial
Adductor longus (anterior Adducts thigh at hip Medial thigh
pubic crest aspera of femur circumflex
division)
femoral arteries
Gluteal tuberosity,
linea aspera, Adductor part:
medial obturator
Inferior pubic ramus, Adductor part: adducts
supracondylar nerve Femoral, profunda
ramus of ischium and flexes thigh
line femoris, and
Adductor magnus Medial thigh
Hamstring part: obturator
Hamstring part: sciatic Hamstring part: extends
Hamstring part: sciatic nerve arteries
nerve (tibial division) thigh
adductor (tibial
tubercle of division)
femur
Pulls suprapatellar bursa
Distal femur on anterior
Articularis genus Suprapatellar bursa Femoral nerve superiorly with Femoral artery Anterior thigh
surface
extension of knee
Long head:
sciatic nerve
Long head: ischial (tibial Perforating branches
tuberosity division) of profunda
(L5–S2) Flexes and laterally femoris, inferior
Lateral side of head
Biceps femoris Short head: Linea aspera rotates leg, extends gluteal, and Posterior thigh
of fibula
and lateral Short head: thigh at hip medial
supracondylar line of sciatic nerve circumflex
femur (common femoral arteries
fibular
division)
1st: medial side of
proximal
phalanx of 2nd Abduct 2nd through 4th Arcuate artery,
Adjacent sides of 1st toes, flex dorsal and
Dorsal interossei digit Lateral plantar
through 5th metatarsophalangeal plantar Foot
(four muscles) nerve
metatarsals joints, and extend metatarsal
2nd through 4th:
phalanges arteries
lateral sides of
digits 2–4
First tendon into
dorsal surface of
base of proximal Aids the extensor
Superolateral surface of phalanx of great digitorum longus in
Extensor digitorum Dorsalis pedis,
calcaneus, lateral toe; other 3 extending of 4
brevis and Deep fibular lateral tarsal,
talocalcaneal tendons into medial digits at the Anterior thigh
extensor nerve arcuate, and
ligament, cruciate lateral sides of metatarsophalangeal
hallucis brevis fibular arteries
crural ligament tendons of and interphalangeal
extensor joints
digitorum longus
to digits 2-4
Variations in spinal nerve contributions to the innervation of muscles, their arterial supply, their attachments, and their actions are common themes in human
anatomy. Therefore, expect differences between texts and realize that anatomical variation is normal.

Muscle Tables Table 7-1

 Muscle Tables
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Lateral condyle of tibia,
Extends lateral four
proximal 3/4 of Middle and distal
Extensor digitorum digits and
anterior surface of phalanges of Deep fibular nerve Anterior tibial artery Anterior leg
longus dorsiflexes foot
interosseous lateral four digits
at ankle
membrane and fibula
Middle part of anterior Dorsal aspect of
Extends great toe,
Extensor hallucis surface of fibula and base of distal
Deep fibular nerve dorsiflexes foot Anterior tibial artery Anterior leg
longus interosseous phalanx of great
at ankle
membrane toe
Dorsal surface of Everts foot and
Fibularis peroneus Distal 2/3 of lateral surface tuberosity on Superficial fibular weakly Anterior tibial and
Lateral leg
brevis of fibula lateral side of nerve plantarflexes fibular arteries
5th metatarsal foot at ankle
Plantar base of 1st Everts foot and
Fibularis peroneus Head and proximal 2/3 of metatarsal and Superficial fibular weakly Anterior tibial and
Lateral leg
longus lateral fibula medial nerve plantarflexes fibular arteries
cuneiform foot at ankle
Distal third of anterior Dorsiflexes foot at
Fibularis peroneus surface of fibula and Dorsum of base of ankle and aids
Deep fibular nerve Anterior tibial artery Anterior leg
tertius interosseous 5th metatarsal in eversion of
membrane foot
Lateral plantar
Lateral base of
Superficial branch of Flexes proximal artery, plantar
Flexor digiti minimi proximal
Base of 5th metatarsal lateral plantar phalanx of 5th digital artery to Foot
brevis phalanx of 5th
nerve digit 5th digit,
digit
arcuate artery
Medial and lateral
Medial tubercle of plantar arteries
tuberosity of Both sides of middle and plantar
Flexor digitorum Flexes 2nd through
calcaneus, plantar phalanges of Medial plantar nerve arch, plantar Foot
brevis 5th digits
aponeurosis, and lateral four digits metatarsal and
intermuscular septum plantar digital
arteries
Flexes lateral four
digits and
Plantar bases of
Medial part of posterior plantarflexes
Flexor digitorum distal phalanges
tibia inferior to soleal Tibial nerve foot at ankle; Posterior tibial artery Posterior leg
longus of lateral four
line supports
digits
longitudinal
arches of foot
Both sides of base Medial plantar
Flexes proximal
Flexor hallucis Plantar surfaces of cuboid of proximal artery, first
Medial plantar nerve phalanx of 1st Foot
brevis and lateral cuneiform phalanx of 1st plantar
digit
digit metatarsal artery
Flexes all joints of
Distal 2/3 of posterior
Base of distal great toe,
Flexor hallucis fibula and
phalanx of great Tibial nerve weakly Fibular artery Posterior leg
longus interosseous
toe (hallux) plantarflexes
membrane
foot at ankle
Lateral head: lateral aspect
of lateral condyle of Plantarflexes foot at
femur Posterior aspect of ankle joint,
Popliteal and
calcaneus via assists in flexion
Gastrocnemius Tibial nerve posterior tibial Posterior leg
calcaneal of knee joint,
Medial head: popliteal arteries
tendon raises heel
surface above medial during walking
condyle of femur
Most fibers end in
iliotibial tract
Ilium posterior to posterior that inserts into Inferior gluteal
Extends flexed thigh,
gluteal line, dorsal lateral condyle arteries mainly,
assists in lateral
Gluteus maximus surface of sacrum and of tibia; some Inferior gluteal nerve and superior Gluteal region
rotation, and
coccyx, sacrotuberous fibers insert into gluteal arteries
abducts thigh
ligament gluteal occasionally
tuberosity of
femur

Table 7-2 Muscle Tables

 Muscle Tables 7
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Abducts and medially
Lateral surface of ilium Lateral surface of
rotates thigh at hips;
between anterior greater Superior gluteal Superior gluteal
Gluteus medius steadies pelvis on Gluteal region
and posterior gluteal trochanter of nerve artery
leg when opposite
lines femur
leg is raised
Abducts and medially
Lateral surface of ilium Anterior surface Main trunk and deep
rotates thigh at hips;
between anterior of greater Superior gluteal branch of
Gluteus minimus steadies pelvis on Gluteal region
and inferior gluteal trochanter of nerve superior gluteal
leg when opposite
lines femur artery
leg is raised
Profunda femoris
Superior part of
Body and inferior ramus Adducts thigh, flexes and artery, medial
Gracilis medial surface Obturator nerve Medial thigh
of pubis medially rotates leg circumflex
of tibia
femoral artery
Lesser trochanter of
Superior 2/3 of iliac Flexes thigh at hips and
femur and shaft
fossa, iliac crest, ala stabilizes hip joint, Iliac branches of
Iliacus (Iliopsoas) inferior to it, to Femoral nerve Anterior thigh
of sacrum, anterior acts with psoas iliolumbar artery
psoas major
sacro-iliac ligaments major
tendon
Medial surface of
Laterally rotates
greater Nerve to quadratus Medial circumflex
Inferior gamellus Ischial tuberosity extended thigh at the Gluteal region
trochanter of femoris femoral artery
hip
femur
Medial one: medial Flexes proximal
Medial side of plantar nerve Lateral plantar artery
phalanges at MTP
Tendons of flexor dorsal digital and plantar
Lumbricals joint, extends Foot
digitorum longus expansions of metatarsal
Lateral three: lateral phalanges at PIP
lateral 4 digits arteries
plantar nerve and DIP joints

Margins of obturator Laterally rotates thigh, Medial circumflex

Obturator Trochanteric fossa
foramen, obturator Obturator nerve stabilizes head of femoral artery, Medial thigh
externus of femur
membrane femur in acetabulum obturator artery
Pelvic surface of Medial surface of Laterally rotates
Internal pudendal
Obturator obturator membrane greater Nerve to obturator extended thigh,
and obturator Gluteal region
internus and surrounding trochanter of internus abducts flexed thigh
arteries
bone femur at hip
Femoral nerve and Medial circumflex
Pectineal line of Adducts and flexes thigh
Pectineus Superior ramus of pubis sometimes femoral artery, Medial thigh
femur at hip
obturator nerve obturator artery
Anterior surface of sacral Superior border of Laterally rotates Superior and inferior
segments 2–4, greater Ventral rami of L5, extended thigh, gluteal arteries,
Piriformis Gluteal region
sacrotuberous trochanter of S1, S2 abducts flexed thigh internal
ligament femur at hip pudendal artery
Medial sides of Lateral plantar artery
Adduct digits (2–4)
Plantar bases of and plantar
Bases and medial sides and flex
interossei proximal arch, plantar
of 3rd through 5th Lateral plantar nerve metatarsophalangeal Foot
(three phalanges of metatarsal and
metatarsals joint and extend
muscles) 3rd through 5th plantar digital
phalanges
digits arteries
Inferior end of lateral Posterior aspect of
supracondylar line of calcaneus via Weakly assists
Plantaris Tibial nerve Popliteal artery Posterior leg
femur and oblique calcaneal gastrocnemius
popliteal ligament tendon
Lateral aspect of lateral Posterior tibia Weakly flexes knee and Inferior medial and
Popliteus condyle of femur, superior to Tibial nerve (L4–S1) unlocks it by rotating lateral genicular Posterior leg
lateral meniscus soleal line femur on fixed tibia arteries
Acting superiorly with
iliacus, flexes hip;
Transverse processes of acting inferiorly,
lumbar vertebrae, flexes vertebral
Psoas major sides of bodies of Lesser trochanter of Ventral rami of first column laterally; Lumbar branches of
Anterior thigh
(Iliopsoas) T12–L5 vertebrae, femur lumbar nerve used to balance iliolumbar artery
intervening trunk in sitting
intervertebral discs position; acting
inferiorly with iliacus,
flexes trunk
Quadrate tubercle
Quadratus Lateral margin of ischial on Nerve to quadratus Laterally rotates thigh at Medial circumflex
Gluteal region
femoris tuberosity intertrochanteric femoris hip femoral artery
crest of femur

Muscle Tables Table 7-3

 Muscle Tables
PROXIMAL DISTAL
MUSCLE
MUSCLE ATTACHMENT ATTACHMENT INNERVATION MAIN ACTIONS BLOOD SUPPLY
GROUP
(ORIGIN) (INSERTION)
Corrects for oblique
Medial and lateral
Posterolateral edge pull of flexor
Medial and lateral sides of plantar arteries
of flexor digitorum longus
Quadratus plantae plantar surface of Lateral plantar nerve and deep Foot
digitorum longus tendon, thus
calcaneus plantar arterial
tendon assists in flexion
arch
of toes
Base of patella and Profunda femoris
Anterior inferior iliac spine Extends leg at knee
Rectus femoris to tibial and lateral
and ilium superior to Femoral nerve joint and flexes Anterior thigh
(quadriceps) tuberosity via circumflex
acetabulum thigh at hip joint
patellar ligament femoral arteries
Abducts, laterally
Anterior superior iliac Superior part of
rotates, and
Sartorius spine and superior medial surface Femoral nerve Femoral artery Anterior thigh
flexes thigh;
part of notch below it of tibia
flexes knee joint
Perforating branch
of profunda
Posterior part of
Sciatic nerve (tibial Flexes leg, extends femoris and
Semimembranosus Ischial tuberosity medial condyle Posterior thigh
division) thigh medial
of tibia
circumflex
femoral arteries
Perforating branch
of profunda
Superior part of
Sciatic nerve (tibial Flexes leg, extends femoris and
Semitendinosus Ischial tuberosity medial surface Posterior thigh
division) thigh medial
of tibia
circumflex
femoral arteries
Posterior aspect of head
Posterior aspect of
of fibula, proximal 1/4 Plantarflexes foot at Popliteal, posterior
calcaneus via
Soleus of posterior surface of Tibial nerve ankle, stabilizes tibial, and fibular Posterior leg
calcaneal
fibula, soleal line of leg over foot arteries
tendon
tibia
Medial surface of Inferior gluteal and
Laterally rotates
Outer surface of ischial greater Nerve to obturator internal
Superior gemellus extended thigh Gluteal region
spine trochanter of internus pudendal
at the hip
femur arteries
Abducts, medially
Iliotibial tract that rotates, and Ascending branch
Anterior superior iliac
Tensor fasciae attaches to Superior gluteal flexes thigh at of lateral
spine and anterior part Gluteal region
latae lateral condyle nerve hip; helps to circumflex
of iliac crest
of tibia keep knee femoral artery
extended
Medial plantar
Lateral condyle, proximal surfaces of
Dorsiflexes foot at
half of lateral tibia, medial
Tibialis anterior Deep fibular nerve ankle and Anterior tibial artery Anterior leg
interosseous cuneiform and
inverts foot
membrane base of 1st
metatarsal
Tuberosity of
navicular bone,
Posterior tibia below soleal
all cuneiforms, Plantarflexes foot at
line, interosseous
Tibialis posterior cuboid, and Tibial nerve ankle and Fibular artery Posterior leg
membrane, proximal
bases of 2nd inverts foot
half of posterior fibula
through 4th
metatarsals
Base of patella and Lateral circumflex
Anterior and lateral
Vastus intermedius to tibial Extends leg at knee femoral and
surfaces of body of Femoral nerve Anterior thigh
(quadriceps) tuberosity via joint profunda
femur
patellar ligament femoris arteries
Base of patella and Lateral circumflex
Greater trochanter, lateral
Vastus lateralis to tibial Extends leg at knee femoral and
lip of linea aspera of Femoral nerve Anterior thigh
(quadriceps) tuberosity via joint profunda
femur
patellar ligament femoris arteries
Base of patella and
Intertrochanteric line, Femoral and
Vastus medialis to tibial Extends leg at knee
medial lip of linea Femoral nerve profunda Anterior thigh
(quadriceps) tuberosity via joint
aspera of femur femoris arteries
patellar ligament

Table 7-4 Muscle Tables