Professional Documents
Culture Documents
I. Brief Description
With its high levels of educational achievement and attainment, Finland is regarded
as one of the world’s most literate societies. More than 98% attend pre-school classes; 99
% complete compulsory basic education; and 94 % of those who start the academic
strand of upper secondary school graduate. Completion rates in vocational upper
secondary school also reach close to 90%(Statistics Finland, 2010; Välijärvi & Sahlberg,
2008).
The current thinking in Finland is that the potential of each pupil should be
maximised. Therefore, educational guidance is seen as essential. Guidance and
counselling aims to support, help and guide pupils and students so that they can all
perform as well as possible in their studies and be able to make correct and appropriate
decisions concerning their education and careers.
Guidance and counselling is seen as the work of all education personnel. Thus,
teachers are required to treat the children and young people as individuals and help them
to proceed according to their own capabilities. Learners should also experience success
and joy of learning. Today all pupils and students have the right to educational support.
This support can be remedial instruction or support for the pupil’s special needs.
• The main objective of Finnish education policy is to offer all citizens equal
opportunities to receive education, regardless of age, domicile, financial
situation, sex or mother tongue. Education is considered to be one of the
fundamental rights of all citizens.
The core subjects taught to learners in the basic education syllabus are the mother
tongue and literature (Finnish or Swedish), the other official language, one foreign
language, environmental studies, health education, religion or ethics, history, social
studies, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology, geography, physical education, music,
art and crafts, and home economics. Guidance counselling must also be provided for
students.
The Basic Education Act (628/1998) and Basic Education Decree (852/1998) and the
Government Decree on the General National Objectives and Distribution of Les-son
Hours in Basic Education (1435/2001) govern basic education. These regulations
stipulate such matters as the core subjects taught to all pupils, and the distribution of
teaching hours between various subjects.
VI. Compare the curriculum with the Philippine basic education curriculum.
References:
Books;
Cf. Bilbao,et.al., Curriculum Development. Lorimar: QC. 2008
PDF;
Aho, E., Pitkänen, K. & Sahlberg, P. (2006). Policy development and reform principles
of basic and secondary education in Finland since 1968. Washington, DC: World
Bank.
Websites;
Statistics Finland (2010). Education. Retrieved September 4, 2010 from
http://www.stat.fi/til/kou_en.html.
www.studyinfinland.fi/destination_finland/education_system/secondary_education