The Historical

Foundation
&
The Sociological
Foundation
 (Pre-Spanish Period) Education
•No formal schools
•Learning began at home
•Oral, practical, hands on
The objective was basically to promote reverence
for, and adoration of Bathala, respect for laws,
customs, and authorities represented by parents and
elders.
Education During the Spanish Regime (300
Years)
•Friars –as teachers
• goal is to spread Christianity.
• Education was privileged only to Spanish students.
• 19th century – public education for the natives.
• Educational decree of 1863 – required the establishment
of one primary school for girls and one for boys in each
major town of the country.
• Spanish Language – medium of instruction in all schools.
 American Occupation (50 Yrs)
American teachers infused their students the spirit of
democracy and progress as well as fair play.
•January 1901 – Taft Commission Act. No. 74
• Act no. 74 – established the Philippine Public School System.
• Volunteer American Soldiers as teachers
•Educational Act of 1901- Separation of Church and State in
education.
•Encourage Filipino in the field of teaching.
•Outstanding Filipino scholars were sent to US to train as
teachers.
 Philippine Commonwealth

•All schools should develop moral character, personal

discipline, civic conscience and vocational efficiency.

•Promote effective participation of the citizens in the

processes of a democratic society.
 Japanese Regime
Basic principles of Japanese Education
1. Realization of NEW ORDER and promote friendly relations
between Japan and the Philippines to the farthest extent
2. Foster a new Filipino culture based
3. Endeavor to elevate the morals of people, giving up over
emphasis of materialism
4. Diffusion of the Japanese language in the Philippines
5. Promotion of VOCATIONAL course
6. To inspire people with the spirit of love and labor
 After World War II
In 1947, by the virtue of Executive Order No. 94, the
Department of Instruction was changed to "Department of
Education." During this period, the regulation and
supervision of public and private schools belonged to the
Bureau of Public and Private Schools.
 Education after 1940
• The objective of the Philippine Education was to established
“integrated, nationalistic, and democracy- inspired educational
system” included the ff.
1. Inculcate moral and spiritual values inspired by an abiding
faith in God
2. To develop an enlighten, patriotic, useful and upright
citizenry in a democratic society
3. Conservation of the national resources
4. Perpetuation of our desirable values
5. Promote the science, arts and letters
 Education after 1940
• The objective of the Philippine Education was to established
“integrated, nationalistic, and democracy- inspired educational
system” included the ff.
1. Inculcate moral and spiritual values inspired by an abiding
faith in God
2. To develop an enlighten, patriotic, useful and upright
citizenry in a democratic society
3. Conservation of the national resources
4. Perpetuation of our desirable values
5. Promote the science, arts and letters
 Martial Law period
The Department of Education became the Department of
Education and Culture in 1972, the Ministry of Education and
Culture in 1978, and with the Education Act of 1982, the Ministry
of Education, Culture, and Sports.
• A bilingual education scheme was established in 1974,
requiring Filipino and English to be used in schools.
• Science and math subjects as well as English language and
literature classes were taught in English while the rest were
taught in Filipino.
 From 1986 to the present
• (EDCOM), Congress passed Republic Act 7722 and Republic Act 7796 in
1994, creating the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) and the
Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA). The
institute governing basic education was thus renamed in 2001 as the
Department of Education (DepEd).
• The quality of public school education is generally considered to have
declined since the post-war years, mainly due to insufficient funds.
• Private schools are able to offer better facilities and education, but are
also much more expensive. There is a wide variety of private schools,
including all-boys’ and all-girls’ schools, religious schools, non-sectarian
schools, Chinese schools, special schools, and international schools. Due to
economic difficulties, there has been a recent increase in the popularity of
home schooling and open universities in the Philippines.
Enhance Basic Education Act of 2013 (K to 12)
PRO’S OF K to 12 CON’S OF K to 12
•At par with international •See’s as a burden for
12 year basic education average Filipino family.
•Pursue protective •It does not address the
employment, basic problems of
entrepreneurship and education(classrooms,
higher educational studies chairs, books etc)
•Graduates is expected to
be equipped with 21st
century skills
Enhance Basic Education Act of 2013 (K to 12)
Learn-centered, inclusive and developmentally
appropriate
•Relevant responsive and Research based.
•Culture sensitive
•Contextualized and global
•Use of pedagogical approaches that are constructivist,
inquiry based, reflective collaborative and integrative.
•Adhere the principle of MOTHER TOUGUEBASED
MULTILINGUAL EDUCATION(MTB-MLE)
Enhance Basic Education Act of 2013 (K to 12)
ACADEMIC TRACK
Academic track includes the following strands:
•Business,Accountancy,Management (BAM)

•Humanities and Social Sciences(HUMSS)

•Science, technology, engineering,mathematics (STEM)

•General Academic Strand (GAS)

 The Sociological Foundation

- refers to issues from society that have an influence on

curriculum.
There are many aspects of the society that need consideration
in curriculum making. These include:
•Changes occurring in societal structures;
•Transmission of culture;
•social problems as issues for Curriculum and
•Economics issues.
Education and Society
 Schoolsexist
within, not apart
from, social
context
 Schoolsemerges
within society
 SOCIOLOGICAL BASIS
AIMS OF EDUCATION
 Development of social feelings and qualities
 Development of a socially efficient individual
 Improvement of vocational efficiency
 Use of leisure time and development of healthy recreational pursuits
 Transmission of social heritage
 Diffusion of more and more knowledge
 Development of constructive and creative outlook of the individual
 Education for social service, social efficiency, emotional integration,
national unity and patriotism
CURRICULUM
 Based on conditions, problems and needs of society
 An agent for transmission of basic values of culture
 Prepare the child for global/world society
 Flexible and changeable for the effective realization
of socially
determined objectives
 Lead to the development of genuine ‘we feeling’ i.e.
of a group
having a spirit of social interaction
METHODS OF TEACHING

Enable child to acquire skills and knowledge

needed
Develop a capacity for social adjustment
Develop problem solving and constructive
thinking
Socialized techniques; project and group
methods
 ROLE OF THE TEACHER
Destiny of the nation is shaped in classrooms by the teachers
 Be exposed to the concept of freedom, dignity of the
individual,
rights and duties so as to transmit the same to the younger
generation
 Expected to possess right attitude of social behavior
 Remain above casteism, regionalism
THE SCHOOL
Reflect and epitomize the larger
society outside its walls
DISCIPLINE
 Balance, purify and simplify the
activities of the society in its
environment
Should come through
participation in group activities
and social service activities
 CONCLUSION
 Education takes place in society
 Education is essentially a social process
 Social environment educates the child education has a social
role to play
 Education is a lifelong process
 Education is not only schooling
 Education is formal, non-formal and informal
 Education must be social in nature and develop democratic
skills and
values in students
Reference
 https://www.slideshare.net/mjlabog/historical-f
oundations-of-philippine-education
 https://www.slideshare.net/marinelademesa/soc
iological-foundation?qid=196bc4ec-cc00-4f81-b65f
-817a7d328db0&v=&b=&from_search=1