A

Seminar Report on
“THERMAL POWER PLANT ”
For the partial fulfillment of the
Bachelor of Technology in MECHANICAL ENGG.

Submitted By
MUKESH KUMAR
(B.Tech. Final Year)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Anand International College of Engineering
RAJASTHAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
 EXAMINER’S CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. mukesh kumar Student of final Year B.Tech.
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 2013-14 was examined in the seminar
work entitled “THERMAL POWER PLANT” at anand international
college of Engineering .

(Internal Examiner) (External Examiner)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Anand international college of engineering
RAJASTHAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the seminar entitled “THERMAL

POWER PLANT” has been successfully completed by
Mr. MUKESH KUMAR in partial fulfillment of Degree of
Bachelor of Technology in Mechanical branch of
RAJASTHAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY during the
academic year 2013-14 under the guidance of
undersigned.

H.O.D GUIDED BY
(MECH. DEPTT.) ANUP DUBAY

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Anand international college of engineering
RAJASTHAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY
 ACKNOWLEDGMENT

I am thankful to Mr. ANUP DUBAY (GUIDE) Mechanical

Engineering, for giving me full guidance and supports during
the course of research on the topic.

I wish to express my profound sense of gratitude to all the

faculty members of MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Branch for
their delightful guidance and constant encouragement
throughout the process, they have always been a great
inspirational motivator for me.

I take this as my opportunity to express my whole hearted

thanks to all other persons involved in the process who made
it possible to achieve the completion of summer report with
success.

DATE MUKESH KUMAR

2-04-2014 B.TECH. Final Year
Mechanical Engg.
 CONTENTS
 1 INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW
 2 EFFICIENCY
 3 ELECTRICITY COST
 4 TYPICAL COAL THERMAL POWER STATION
 5 BOILER AND STEAM CYCLE
o 5.1 FEED WATER HEATING AND DEAERATION
o 5.2 BOILER OPERATION
o 5.3 BOILER FURNACE AND STEAM DRUM
o 5.4 SUPERHEATER
o 5.5 STEAM CONDENSING
o 5.6 REHEATER
o 5.7 AIR PATH
 7 STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR
 8 STACK GAS PATH AND CLEANUP
o 8.1 FLY ASH COLLECTION
o 8.2 BOTTOM ASH COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL
 9 AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
o 9.1 BOILER MAKE-UP WATER TREATMENT PLANT AND
STORAGE
o 9.2 FUEL PREPARATION SYSTEM
o 9.3 BARRING GEAR
o 9.4 OIL SYSTEM
o 9.5 GENERATOR COOLING
o 9.6 GENERATOR HIGH-VOLTAGE SYSTEM
o 9.7 MONITORING AND ALARM SYSTEM
o 9.8 BATTERY-SUPPLIED EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND
COMMUNICATION
 10 TRANSPORT OF COAL FUEL TO SITE AND TO STORAGE
 11 LOCATION OF POWER PLANTS IN INDIA
 12 POWER PLANTS IN RAJASTHAN
12.1 KOTA THERMAL POWER PLANT
12.2 SURATGARH SUPER THERMAL POWER STATION
12.3GIRAL LIGNITE THERMAL POWER PROJECT
12.4CHHABRA THERMAL POWER STATION
12.5KALISINDH THERMAL POWER PROJECT
12.6RAMGARH GAS THERMAL POWER STATION
12.7DHOLPUR COMBINED CYCLE POWER STATION

 REFERENCES
INTRODUCTORY OVERVIEW
A station thermal power is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is
heated, turns into steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After
it passes through the turbine, the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it
was heated; this is known as a Rankine cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal
power stations is due to the different fossil fuel resources generally used to heat the water.
Some prefer to use the term energy center because such facilities convert forms of heat
energy into electrical energy. Certain thermal power plants also are designed to produce heat
energy for industrial purposes of district heating, or desalination of water, in addition to
generating electrical power. Globally, fossil fueled thermal power plants produce a large part
of man-made CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, and efforts to reduce these are varied and
widespread.

Almost all coal, nuclear, geothermal, solar thermal electric, and waste incineration plants, as
well as many natural gas power plants are thermal. Natural gas is frequently combusted in gas
turbines as well as boilers. The waste heat from a gas turbine can be used to raise steam, in a
combined cycle plant that improves overall efficiency. Power plants burning coal, fuel oil, or
natural gas are often called fossil-fuel power plants. Some biomass-fueled thermal power
plants have appeared also. Non-nuclear thermal power plants, particularly fossil-fueled
plants, which do not use co-generation are sometimes referred to as conventional power
plants.

Commercial electric utility power stations are usually constructed on a large scale and
designed for continuous operation. Electric power plants typically use three-phase electrical
generators to produce alternating current (AC) electric power at a frequency of 50 Hz or 60
Hz. Large companies or institutions may have their own power plants to supply heating or
electricity to their facilities, especially if steam is created anyway for other purposes. Steam-
driven power plants have been used in various large ships, but are now usually used in large
naval ships. Shipboard power plants usually directly couple the turbine to the ship's
propellers through gearboxes. Power plants in such ships also provide steam to smaller
turbines driving electric generators to supply electricity. Shipboard steam power plants can be
either fossil fuel or nuclear. Nuclear marine propulsion is, with few exceptions, used only in
naval vessels. There have been perhaps about a dozen turbo-electric ships in which a steam-
driven turbine drives an electric generator which powers an electric motor for propulsion.

Combined heat and power plants (CH&P plants), often called co-generation plants, produce
both electric power and heat for process heat or space heating. Steam and hot water lose
energy when piped over substantial distance, so carrying heat energy by steam or hot water is
often only worthwhile within a local area, such as a ship, industrial plant, or district heating
of nearby buildings.
EFFICIENCY

A Rankine cycle with a two-stage steam turbine and a single feed water heater.

The energy efficiency of a conventional thermal power station, considered salable energy
produced as a percent of the heating value of the fuel consumed, is typically 33% to 48% As
with all heat engines, their efficiency is limited, and governed by the laws of
thermodynamics. By comparison, most hydropower stations in the United States are about 90
percent efficient in converting the energy of falling water into electricity.

The energy of a thermal not utilized in power production must leave the plant in the form of
heat to the environment. This waste heat can go through a condenser and be disposed of with
cooling water or in cooling towers. If the waste heat is instead utilized for district heating, it
is called co-generation. An important class of thermal power station are associated with
desalination facilities; these are typically found in desert countries with large supplies of
natural gas and in these plants, freshwater production and electricity are equally important co-
products.

The Carnot efficiency dictates that higher efficiencies can be attained by increasing the
temperature of the steam. Sub-critical fossil fuel power plants can achieve 36–40%
efficiency. Super critical designs have efficiencies in the low to mid 40% range, with new
"ultra critical" designs using pressures of 4400 psi (30.3 MPa) and multiple stage reheat
reaching about 48% efficiency. Above the critical point for water of 705 °F (374 °C) and
3212 psi (22.06 MPa), there is no phase transition from water to steam, but only a gradual
decrease in density.

Currently most of the nuclear power plants must operate below the temperatures and
pressures that coal-fired plants do, since the pressurized vessel is very large and contains the
entire bundle of nuclear fuel rods. The size of the reactor limits the pressure that can be
reached. This, in turn, limits their thermodynamic efficiency to 30–32%. Some advanced
reactor designs being studied, such as the very high temperature reactor, advanced gas-cooled
reactor and supercritical water reactor, would operate at temperatures and pressures similar to
current coal plants, producing comparable thermodynamic efficiency.

ELECTRICITY COST
The direct cost of electric energy produced by a thermal power station is the result of cost of
fuel, capital cost for the plant, operator labour, maintenance, and such factors as ash handling
and disposal. Indirect, social or environmental costs such as the economic value of
environmental impacts, or environmental and health effects of the complete fuel cycle and
plant decommissioning, are not usually assigned to generation costs for thermal stations in
utility practice, but may form part of an environmental impact assessment.

TYPICAL COAL THERMAL POWER STATION

 Typical diagram of a coal-fired thermal power station
1. Cooling tower 10. Steam Control valve 19. Superheater
11. High pressure steam 20. Forced draught (draft)
2. Cooling water pump
turbine fan
3. transmission line (3-phase) 12. Deaerator 21. Reheater
4. Step-up transformer (3-phase) 13. Feedwater heater 22. Combustion air intake

5. Electrical generator (3-phase) 14. Coal conveyor 23. Economiser

6. Low pressure steam turbine 15. Coal hopper 24. Air preheater
7. Condensate pump 16. Coal pulverizer 25. Precipitator
26. Induced draught (draft)
8. Surface condenser 17. Boiler steam drum
fan
9. Intermediate pressure steam
18. Bottom ash hopper 27. Flue gas stack
turbine

For units over about 200 MW capacity, redundancy of key components is provided by
installing duplicates of the forced and induced draft fans, air preheaters, and fly ash
collectors. On some units of about 60 MW, two boilers per unit may instead be provided.

BOILER AND STEAM CYCLE

In the nuclear plant field, steam generator refers to a specific type of large heat exchanger
used in a pressurized water reactor (PWR) to thermally connect the primary (reactor plant)
and secondary (steam plant) systems, which generates steam. In a nuclear reactor called a
boiling water reactor (BWR), water is boiled to generate steam directly in the reactor itself
and there are no units called steam generators.

In some industrial settings, there can also be steam-producing heat exchangers called heat
recovery steam generators (HRSG) which utilize heat from some industrial process. The
steam generating boiler has to produce steam at the high purity, pressure and temperature
required for the steam turbine that drives the electrical generator.

Geothermal plants need no boiler since they use naturally occurring steam sources. Heat
exchangers may be used where the geothermal steam is very corrosive or contains excessive
suspended solids.

A fossil fuel steam generator includes an economizer, a steam drum, and the furnace with its
steam generating tubes and superheater coils. Necessary safety valves are located at suitable
points to avoid excessive boiler pressure. The air and flue gas path equipment include: forced
draft (FD) fan, air preheater (AP), boiler furnace, induced draft (ID) fan, fly ash collectors
(electrostatic precipitator or baghouse) and the flue gas stack.
FEED WATER HEATING AND DEAERATION
The boiler feedwater used in the steam boiler is a means of transferring heat energy from the
burning fuel to the mechanical energy of the spinning steam turbine. The total feed water
consists of recirculated condensate water and purified makeup water. Because the metallic
materials it contacts are subject to corrosion at high temperatures and pressures, the makeup
water is highly purified before use. A system of water softeners and ion exchange
demineralizers produces water so pure that it coincidentally becomes an electrical insulator,
with conductivity in the range of 0.3–1.0 microsiemens per centimeter. The makeup water in
a 500 MWe plant amounts to perhaps 120 US gallons per minute (7.6 L/s) to replace water
drawn off from the boiler drums for water purity management, and to also offset the small
losses from steam leaks in the system.

The feed water cycle begins with condensate water being pumped out of the condenser after
traveling through the steam turbines. The condensate flow rate at full load in a 500 MW plant
is about 6,000 US gallons per minute (400 L/s).

Diagram of boiler feed water deaerator (with vertical, domed aeration section and horizontal
water storage section).

The water is pressurized in two stages, and flows through a series of six or seven intermediate
feed water heaters, heated up at each point with steam extracted from an appropriate duct on
the turbines and gaining temperature at each stage. Typically, in the middle of this series of
feedwater heaters, and before the second stage of pressurization, the condensate plus the
makeup water flows through a deaerator that removes dissolved air from the water, further
purifying and reducing its corrosiveness. The water may be dosed following this point with
hydrazine, a chemical that removes the remaining oxygen in the water to below 5 parts per
billion (ppb). It is also dosed with pH control agents such as ammonia or morpholine to keep
the residual acidity low and thus non-corrosive.
BOILER OPERATION
The boiler is a rectangular furnace about 50 feet (15 m) on a side and 130 feet (40 m) tall. Its
walls are made of a web of high pressure steel tubes about 2.3 inches (58 mm) in diameter.

Pulverized coal is air-blown into the furnace through burners located at the four corners, or
along one wall, or two opposite walls, and it is ignited to rapidly burn, forming a large
fireball at the center. The thermal radiation of the fireball heats the water that circulates
through the boiler tubes near the boiler perimeter. The water circulation rate in the boiler is
three to four times the throughput. As the water in the boiler circulates it absorbs heat and
changes into steam. It is separated from the water inside a drum at the top of the furnace. The
saturated steam is introduced into superheat pendant tubes that hang in the hottest part of the
combustion gases as they exit the furnace. Here the steam is superheated to 1,000 °F (540 °C)
to prepare it for the turbine.

Plants designed for lignite (brown coal) are increasingly used in locations as varied as
Germany, Victoria, Australia and North Dakota. Lignite is a much younger form of coal than
black coal. It has a lower energy density than black coal and requires a much larger furnace
for equivalent heat output. Such coals may contain up to 70% water and ash, yielding lower
furnace temperatures and requiring larger induced-draft fans. The firing systems also differ
from black coal and typically draw hot gas from the furnace-exit level and mix it with the
incoming coal in fan-type mills that inject the pulverized coal and hot gas mixture into the
boiler.

Plants that use gas turbines to heat the water for conversion into steam use boilers known as
heat recovery steam generators (HRSG). The exhaust heat from the gas turbines is used to
make superheated steam that is then used in a conventional water-steam generation cycle, as
described in gas turbine combined-cycle plants section below.

BOILER FURNACE AND STEAM DRUM

The water enters the boiler through a section in the convection pass called the economizer.
From the economizer it passes to the steam drum and from there it goes through downcomers
to inlet headers at the bottom of the water walls. From these headers the water rises through
the water walls of the furnace where some of it is turned into steam and the mixture of water
and steam then re-enters the steam drum. This process may be driven purely by natural
circulation (because the water is the denser than the water/steam mixture in the water walls)
or assisted by pumps. In the steam drum, the water is returned to the down comers and the
steam is passed through a series of steam separators and dryers that remove water droplets
from the steam. The dry steam then flows into the superheater coils.

The boiler furnace auxiliary equipment includes coal feed nozzles and igniter guns, soot
blowers, water lancing and observation ports (in the furnace walls) for observation of the
furnace interior. Furnace explosions due to any accumulation of combustible gases after a
trip-out are avoided by flushing out such gases from the combustion zone before igniting the
coal. The steam drum (as well as the super heater coils and headers) have air vents and drains
needed for initial start up.
SUPERHEATER
Fossil fuel power plants often have a superheater section in the steam generating furnace. The
steam passes through drying equipment inside the steam drum on to the superheater, a set of
tubes in the furnace. Here the steam picks up more energy from hot flue gases outside the
tubing and its temperature is now superheated above the saturation temperature. The
superheated steam is then piped through the main steam lines to the valves before the high
pressure turbine.

Nuclear-powered steam plants do not have such sections but produce steam at essentially
saturated conditions. Experimental nuclear plants were equipped with fossil-fired super
heaters in an attempt to improve overall plant operating cost.

STEAM CONDENSING
The condenser condenses the steam from the exhaust of the turbine into liquid to allow it to
be pumped. If the condenser can be made cooler, the pressure of the exhaust steam is reduced
and efficiency of the cycle increases.

Diagram of a typical water-cooled surface condenser.

The surface condenser is a shell and tube heat exchanger in which cooling water is circulated
through the tubes. The exhaust steam from the low pressure turbine enters the shell where it is
cooled and converted to condensate (water) by flowing over the tubes as shown in the adjacent
diagram. Such condensers use steam ejectors or rotary motor-driven exhausters for
continuous removal of air and gases from the steam side to maintain vacuum.

For best efficiency, the temperature in the condenser must be kept as low as practical in order
to achieve the lowest possible pressure in the condensing steam. Since the condenser
temperature can almost always be kept significantly below 100 °C where the vapor pressure
of water is much less than atmospheric pressure, the condenser generally works under
vacuum. Thus leaks of non-condensible air into the closed loop must be prevented.
Typically the cooling water causes the steam to condense at a temperature of about 35 °C
(95 °F) and that creates an absolute pressure in the condenser of about 2–7 kPa (0.59–
2.07 inHg), i.e. a vacuum of about −95 kPa (−28 inHg) relative to atmospheric pressure. The
large decrease in volume that occurs when water vapor condenses to liquid creates the low
vacuum that helps pull steam through and increase the efficiency of the turbines.

The limiting factor is the temperature of the cooling water and that, in turn, is limited by the
prevailing average climatic conditions at the power plant's location (it may be possible to
lower the temperature beyond the turbine limits during winter, causing excessive
condensation in the turbine). Plants operating in hot climates may have to reduce output if
their source of condenser cooling water becomes warmer; unfortunately this usually
coincides with periods of high electrical demand for air conditioning.

The condenser generally uses either circulating cooling water from a cooling tower to reject
waste heat to the atmosphere, or once-through water from a river, lake or ocean.

A Marley mechanical induced draft cooling tower

The heat absorbed by the circulating cooling water in the condenser tubes must also be
removed to maintain the ability of the water to cool as it circulates. This is done by pumping
the warm water from the condenser through either natural draft, forced draft or induced draft
cooling towers (as seen in the image to the right) that reduce the temperature of the water by
evaporation, by about 11 to 17 °C (20 to 30 °F)—expelling waste heat to the atmosphere. The
circulation flow rate of the cooling water in a 500 MW unit is about 14.2 m³/s (500 ft³/s or
225,000 US gal/min) at full load.

The condenser tubes are made of brass or stainless steel to resist corrosion from either side.
Nevertheless they may become internally fouled during operation by bacteria or algae in the
cooling water or by mineral scaling, all of which inhibit heat transfer and reduce
thermodynamic efficiency. Many plants include an automatic cleaning system that circulates
sponge rubber balls through the tubes to scrub them clean without the need to take the system
off-line.]

The cooling water used to condense the steam in the condenser returns to its source without
having been changed other than having been warmed. If the water returns to a local water
body (rather than a circulating cooling tower), it is tempered with cool 'raw' water to prevent
thermal shock when discharged into that body of water.

Another form of condensing system is the air-cooled condenser. The process is similar to that
of a radiator and fan. Exhaust heat from the low pressure section of a steam turbine runs
through the condensing tubes, the tubes are usually finned and ambient air is pushed through
the fins with the help of a large fan. The steam condenses to water to be reused in the water-
steam cycle. Air-cooled condensers typically operate at a higher temperature than water-
cooled versions. While saving water, the efficiency of the cycle is reduced (resulting in more
carbon dioxide per megawatt of electricity).

From the bottom of the condenser, powerful condensate pumps recycle the condensed steam
(water) back to the water/steam cycle.

REHEATER
Power plant furnaces may have a reheater section containing tubes heated by hot flue gases
outside the tubes. Exhaust steam from the high pressure turbine is passed through these
heated tubes to collect more energy before driving the intermediate and then low pressure
turbines.

AIR PATH
External fans are provided to give sufficient air for combustion. The Primary air fan takes air
from the atmosphere and, first warming it in the air preheater for better combustion, injects it
via the air nozzles on the furnace wall.

The induced draft fan assists the FD fan by drawing out combustible gases from the furnace,
maintaining a slightly negative pressure in the furnace to avoid backfiring through any
closing.

STEAM TURBINE GENERATOR

The turbine generator consists of a series of steam turbines interconnected to each other and a
generator on a common shaft. There is a high pressure turbine at one end, followed by an
intermediate pressure turbine, two low pressure turbines, and the generator. As steam moves
through the system and loses pressure and thermal energy it expands in volume, requiring
increasing diameter and longer blades at each succeeding stage to extract the remaining
energy. The entire rotating mass may be over 200 metric tons and 100 feet (30 m) long. It is
so heavy that it must be kept turning slowly even when shut down (at 3 rpm) so that the shaft
will not bow even slightly and become unbalanced. This is so important that it is one of only
five functions of blackout emergency power batteries on site. Other functions are emergency
lighting, communication, station alarms and turbogenerator lube oil.

Superheated steam from the boiler is delivered through 14–16-inch (360–410 mm) diameter
piping to the high pressure turbine where it falls in pressure to 600 psi (4.1 MPa) and to
600 °F (320 °C) in temperature through the stage. It exits via 24–26-inch (610–660 mm)
diameter cold reheat lines and passes back into the boiler where the steam is reheated in
special reheat pendant tubes back to 1,000 °F (540 °C). The hot reheat steam is conducted to
the intermediate pressure turbine where it falls in both temperature and pressure and exits
directly to the long-bladed low pressure turbines and finally exits to the condenser.

The generator, 30 feet (9 m) long and 12 feet (3.7 m) in diameter, contains a stationary stator
and a spinning rotor, each containing miles of heavy copper conductor—no permanent
magnets here. In operation it generates up to 21,000 amperes at 24,000 volts AC (504 MWe)
as it spins at either 3,000 or 3,600 rpm, synchronized to the power grid. The rotor spins in a
sealed chamber cooled with hydrogen gas, selected because it has the highest known heat
transfer coefficient of any gas and for its low viscosity which reduces windage losses. This
system requires special handling during startup, with air in the chamber first displaced by
carbon dioxide before filling with hydrogen. This ensures that the highly explosive
hydrogen–oxygen environment is not created.

The power grid frequency is 60 Hz across North America and 50 Hz in Europe, Oceania,
Asia (Korea and parts of Japan are notable exceptions) and parts of Africa. The desired
frequency affects the design of large turbines, since they are highly optimized for one
particular speed.

The electricity flows to a distribution yard where transformers increase the voltage for
transmission to its destination.

The steam turbine-driven generators have auxiliary systems enabling them to work
satisfactorily and safely. The steam turbine generator being rotating equipment generally has
a heavy, large diameter shaft. The shaft therefore requires not only supports but also has to be
kept in position while running. To minimize the frictional resistance to the rotation, the shaft
has a number of bearings. The bearing shells, in which the shaft rotates, are lined with a low
friction material like Babbitt metal. Oil lubrication is provided to further reduce the friction
between shaft and bearing surface and to limit the heat generated.

STACK GAS PATH AND CLEANUP

As the combustion flue gas exits the boiler it is routed through a rotating flat basket of metal
mesh which picks up heat and returns it to incoming fresh air as the basket rotates, This is
called the air preheater. The gas exiting the boiler is laden with fly ash, which are tiny
spherical ash particles. The flue gas contains nitrogen along with combustion products carbon
dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides. The fly ash is removed by fabric bag filters or
electrostatic precipitators. Once removed, the fly ash byproduct can sometimes be used in the
manufacturing of concrete. This cleaning up of flue gases, however, only occurs in plants that
are fitted with the appropriate technology. Still, the majority of coal-fired power plants in the
world do not have these facilities. Legislation in Europe has been efficient to reduce flue gas
pollution. Japan has been using flue gas cleaning technology for over 30 years and the US has
been doing the same for over 25 years. China is now beginning to grapple with the pollution
caused by coal-fired power plants.

Where required by law, the sulfur and nitrogen oxide pollutants are removed by stack gas
scrubbers which use a pulverized limestone or other alkaline wet slurry to remove those
pollutants from the exit stack gas. Other devices use catalysts to remove Nitrous Oxide
compounds from the flue gas stream. The gas travelling up the flue gas stack may by this
time have dropped to about 50 °C (120 °F). A typical flue gas stack may be 150–180 metres
(490–590 ft) tall to disperse the remaining flue gas components in the atmosphere. The tallest
flue gas stack in the world is 419.7 metres (1,377 ft) tall at the GRES-2 power plant in
Ekibastuz, Kazakhstan.

In the United States and a number of other countries, atmospheric dispersion modeling
studies are required to determine the flue gas stack height needed to comply with the local air
pollution regulations. The United States also requires the height of a flue gas stack to comply
with what is known as the "Good Engineering Practice (GEP)" stack height. In the case of
existing flue gas stacks that exceed the GEP stack height, any air pollution dispersion
modeling studies for such stacks must use the GEP stack height rather than the actual stack
height.

FLY ASH COLLECTION

Fly ash is captured and removed from the flue gas by electrostatic precipitators or fabric bag
filters (or sometimes both) located at the outlet of the furnace and before the induced draft
fan. The fly ash is periodically removed from the collection hoppers below the precipitators
or bag filters. Generally, the fly ash is pneumatically transported to storage silos for
subsequent transport by trucks or railroad cars .

BOTTOM ASH COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL

At the bottom of the furnace, there is a hopper for collection of bottom ash. This hopper is
always filled with water to quench the ash and clinkers falling down from the furnace. Some
arrangement is included to crush the clinkers and for conveying the crushed clinkers and
bottom ash to a storage site. Ash extractor is used to discharge ash from Municipal solid
waste–fired boilers.
AUXILIARY SYSTEMS

BOILER MAKE-UP WATER TREATMENT PLANT AND

STORAGE
Since there is continuous withdrawal of steam and continuous return of condensate to the
boiler, losses due to blowdown and leakages have to be made up to maintain a desired water
level in the boiler steam drum. For this, continuous make-up water is added to the boiler
water system. Impurities in the raw water input to the plant generally consist of calcium and
magnesium salts which impart hardness to the water. Hardness in the make-up water to the
boiler will form deposits on the tube water surfaces which will lead to overheating and failure
of the tubes. Thus, the salts have to be removed from the water, and that is done by a water
demineralising treatment plant (DM). A DM plant generally consists of cation, anion, and
mixed bed exchangers. Any ions in the final water from this process consist essentially of
hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions, which recombine to form pure water. Very pure DM water
becomes highly corrosive once it absorbs oxygen from the atmosphere because of its very
high affinity for oxygen.

The capacity of the DM plant is dictated by the type and quantity of salts in the raw water
input. However, some storage is essential as the DM plant may be down for maintenance. For
this purpose, a storage tank is installed from which DM water is continuously withdrawn for
boiler make-up. The storage tank for DM water is made from materials not affected by
corrosive water, such as PVC. The piping and valves are generally of stainless steel.
Sometimes, a steam blanketing arrangement or stainless steel doughnut float is provided on
top of the water in the tank to avoid contact with air. DM water make-up is generally added at
the steam space of the surface condenser (i.e., the vacuum side). This arrangement not only
sprays the water but also DM water gets deaerated, with the dissolved gases being removed
by a de-aerator through an ejector attached to the condenser.

FUEL PREPARATION SYSTEM

In coal-fired power stations, the raw feed coal from the coal storage area is first crushed into
small pieces and then conveyed to the coal feed hoppers at the boilers. The coal is next
pulverized into a very fine powder. The pulverizers may be ball mills, rotating drum grinders,
or other types of grinders.
Some power stations burn fuel oil rather than coal. The oil must kept warm (above its pour
point) in the fuel oil storage tanks to prevent the oil from congealing and becoming
unpumpable. The oil is usually heated to about 100 °C before being pumped through the
furnace fuel oil spray nozzles.

Boilers in some power stations use processed natural gas as their main fuel. Other power
stations may use processed natural gas as auxiliary fuel in the event that their main fuel
supply (coal or oil) is interrupted. In such cases, separate gas burners are provided on the
boiler furnaces.

BARRING GEAR
Barring gear (or "turning gear") is the mechanism provided to rotate the turbine generator
shaft at a very low speed after unit stoppages. Once the unit is "tripped" (i.e., the steam inlet
valve is closed), the turbine coasts down towards standstill. When it stops completely, there is
a tendency for the turbine shaft to deflect or bend if allowed to remain in one position too
long. This is because the heat inside the turbine casing tends to concentrate in the top half of
the casing, making the top half portion of the shaft hotter than the bottom half. The shaft
therefore could warp or bend by millionths of inches.

This small shaft deflection, only detectable by eccentricity meters, would be enough to cause
damaging vibrations to the entire steam turbine generator unit when it is restarted. The shaft
is therefore automatically turned at low speed (about one percent rated speed) by the barring
gear until it has cooled sufficiently to permit a complete stop.

OIL SYSTEM
An auxiliary oil system pump is used to supply oil at the start-up of the steam turbine
generator. It supplies the hydraulic oil system required for steam turbine's main inlet steam
stop valve, the governing control valves, the bearing and seal oil systems, the relevant
hydraulic relays and other mechanisms.

At a preset speed of the turbine during start-ups, a pump driven by the turbine main shaft
takes over the functions of the auxiliary system.

GENERATOR COOLING
While small generators may be cooled by air drawn through filters at the inlet, larger units
generally require special cooling arrangements. Hydrogen gas cooling, in an oil-sealed
casing, is used because it has the highest known heat transfer coefficient of any gas and for its
low viscosity which reduces windage losses. This system requires special handling during
start-up, with air in the generator enclosure first displaced by carbon dioxide before filling
with hydrogen. This ensures that the highly flammable hydrogen does not mix with oxygen in
the air.

The hydrogen pressure inside the casing is maintained slightly higher than atmospheric
pressure to avoid outside air ingress. The hydrogen must be sealed against outward leakage
where the shaft emerges from the casing. Seal oil is used to prevent the hydrogen gas leakage
to atmosphere.

The generator also uses water cooling. Since the generator coils are at a potential of about 22
kV, an insulating barrier such as Teflon is used to interconnect the water line and the
generator high-voltage windings. Demineralized water of low conductivity is used.

GENERATOR HIGH-VOLTAGE SYSTEM

The generator voltage for modern utility-connected generators ranges from 11 kV in smaller
units to 22 kV in larger units. The generator high-voltage leads are normally large aluminium
channels because of their high current as compared to the cables used in smaller machines.
They are enclosed in well-grounded aluminium bus ducts and are supported on suitable
insulators. The generator high-voltage leads are connected to step-up transformers for
connecting to a high-voltage electrical substation (usually in the range of 115 kV to 765 kV)
for further transmission by the local power grid.

The necessary protection and metering devices are included for the high-voltage leads. Thus,
the steam turbine generator and the transformer form one unit. Smaller units may share a
common generator step-up transformer with individual circuit breakers to connect the
generators to a common bus.

MONITORING AND ALARM SYSTEM

Most of the power plant operational controls are automatic. However, at times, manual
intervention may be required. Thus, the plant is provided with monitors and alarm systems
that alert the plant operators when certain operating parameters are seriously deviating from
their normal range.

BATTERY-SUPPLIED EMERGENCY LIGHTING AND

COMMUNICATION
A central battery system consisting of lead acid cell units is provided to supply emergency
electric power, when needed, to essential items such as the power plant's control systems,
communication systems, turbine lube oil pumps, and emergency lighting. This is essential for
a safe, damage-free shutdown of the units in an emergency situation.

TRANSPORT OF COAL FUEL TO SITE AND TO STORAGE

Main article: Fossil fuel power plant

Most thermal stations use coal as the main fuel. Raw coal is transported from coal mines to a
power station site by trucks, barges, bulk cargo ships or railway cars. Generally, when
shipped by railways, the coal cars are sent as a full train of cars. The coal received at site may
be of different sizes. The railway cars are unloaded at site by rotary dumpers or side tilt
dumpers to tip over onto conveyor belts below. The coal is generally conveyed to crushers
which crush the coal to about 3⁄4 inch (19 mm) size. The crushed coal is then sent by belt
conveyors to a storage pile. Normally, the crushed coal is compacted by bulldozers, as
compacting of highly volatile coal avoids spontaneous ignition.

The crushed coal is conveyed from the storage pile to silos or hoppers at the boilers by
another belt conveyor system.

LOCATION OF POWER PLANTS IN INDIA

Thermal power is the "largest" source of power in India. There are different types of Thermal
power plants based on the fuel used to generate the steam such as coal, gas, Diesel etc. About
75% of electricity consumed in India are generated by thermal power plants.

More than 51% of India's commercial energy demand is met through the country's vast coal
reserves. Public sector undertaking NTPC and several other state level power generating
companies are engaged in operating coal based Thermal Power Plants. Apart from NTPC and
other state level operators, some private companies are also operating the power plants. Here
is some list of currently operating coal based thermal power plants in India. As on July 31,
2010, and as per the Central Electricity Authority the total installed capacity of Coal or

Nuclear power is the fourth-largest source of electricity in India after thermal, hydro and
wind power. As of 2010, India had 19 nuclear power reactors in operation generating 4,560
MW while 4 other are under construction and are expected to generate an additional 2,720
MW.

Nineteen nuclear power reactors operated at six sites by the Nuclear Power Corporation of
India produce 4,560.00 MW, 2.9% of total installed base.
 Installe
d
Opera Locat Reactor
Power station District State Region
tor ion (MW)units
capacity
(MW)

Narora Atomic NPCI Naror Buland Uttar Norther

220 x 2 440
PowerStation L a shahr Pradesh n

Rajasthan (100 x 1,
NPCI Rawa Chittor Norther
AtomicPowerSta Rajasthan 200 x 1, 1180
L tbhata garh n
tion 220 x 4)

Tarapur
NPCI Tarap Maharasht 160 x 2,
AtomicPowerSta Thane Western 1,400
L ur ra 540 x 2
tion

Kakrapar
NPCI Kakra
Atomic Power Surat Gujarat Western 220 x 2 440
L par
Station

Kudankulam Kuda
NPCI Tirunel Souther
Nuclear Power nkula Tamilnadu 1000 x 2 -
L veli n
Plant m

Madras Atomic BHAV Kalpa Kanche Souther

Tamilnadu 500 x 1 -
Power Station INI kkam epuram n

Uttara
Kaiga Nuclear NPCI Souther
Kaiga Kannad Karnataka 220 x 4 660
Power Plant L n
a

Madras Atomic NPCI Kalpa Kanche Tamil Souther

220 x 2 440
Power Station L kkam epuram Nadu n

Total 6 19 4,560

Thermal Power

Thermal power is the largest source of power in India.There are different types of Thermal
power plants based on the fuel used to generate the steam such as coal, gas, Diesel etc. About
75% of electricity consumed in india are generated by Thermal power plants.
Coal or Lignite Based
More than 50% of india’s commercial energy demand is met through the country’s vast coal
reserves. Public sector undertaking National Thermal Power Corporation and several other
state level power generating companies are engaged in operating coal based Thermal Power
Plants.Apart from NTPC and other state level operators, some private companies are also
operating the power plants. Here is some list of currently operating Coal based Thermal
power plants in India. As on July 31, 2010, and as per the Central Electricity Authority the
total installed capacity of Coal or Lignite based power plants in india are 87093.38 MW.

Unit Installed
Re
Power wise Capacit
Operator Location District State gio
station Capacit y
n
y (MW)

Rajghat Nor
Power IPGCL Delhi Delhi NCT Delhi ther 2 x 67.5 135.00
Station n

Deenba
ndhu
Chhotu Nor
Yamunan Yamunana
Ram HPGCL Haryana ther 2 x 300 600.00
agar gar
Thermal n
Power
Station

Panipat
Nor
Thermal
HPGCL Assan Panipat Haryana ther 4 x 110 440.00
Power
n
Station I

Panipat Nor
Thermal 2 x 210,
HPGCL Assan Panipat Haryana ther 920.00
Power 2 x 250
n
Station
 II

Faridab
ad Nor
Thermal HPGCL Faridabad Faridabad Haryana ther 1 x 55 55.00
Power n
Station

Rajiv
Gandhi Nor
Thermal HPGCL Khedar Hisar Haryana ther 1 x 600 600.00
Power n
Station

Guru Nor
Nanak PSPCL Bathinda Bathinda Punjab ther 4 x 110 440.00
dev TP n

Guru Nor
Lehra 2 x 210,
Hargobi PSPCL Bathinda Punjab ther 920.00
Mohabbat 2 x 250
nd TP n

Guru
Gobind
Singh Nor
Super PSPCL Ghanauli Rupnagar Punjab ther 6 x 210 1260.00
Thermal n
Power
Plant

Suratgar
h Super Sri Nor
Thermal RVUNL Suratgarh Ganganag Rajasthan ther 6 x 250 1500.00
Power ar n
Plant

Kota
Super Nor
Rajastha 2 x 110, 3 x
Thermal RVUNL Kota Kota ther 1240.00
n 210, 2 x 195
Power n
Plant
Giral Nor
Lignite Rajastha
Power
RVUNL Thumbli Barmer ther 2 x 125 250.00
n
Plant n
Chhabra
Nor
Therma Mothipur Rajastha
RVUNL Baran ther 2 x 250 500.00
Power a n
n
lant

Orba X40,
Nor
Thermal UPRVUN Uttar
Obra Sonebhadra ther 3 x 94, 5 x 200 1,322.00
Power L Pradesh
n
Station

Nor
Anpara UPRVUN Uttar 3 x 210, 2 x
Anpara Sonebhadra ther 1630.00
Thermal L Pradesh 500
n

Panki
Thermal UPRVUN Uttar
Panki Kanpur Northern 2 x 105 210.00
Power L Pradesh
Station

Parichh
a
UPRVUN Uttar 2 x 110,
Thermal Parichha Jhansi Northern 640.00
L Pradesh 2 x 210
Power
Station

Hardua
ganj 1 x 55, 1
UPRVUN Harduaga Uttar
Thermal Aligarh Northern x 60, 1 x 220.00
L nj Pradesh
Power 105
Station

Badarpu
r
NCT 3 x 95, 2
Thermal NTPC Badarpur New Delhi Northern 705.00
Delhi x 210
power
plant

Singrauli
Super
Shaktinag Uttar 5 x 200,
Thermal NTPC Sonebhadra Northern 2000.00
Power ar Pradesh 2 x 500
Station

Barsingsar Lignite Power Plan t NLC Barsingsar Bikaner Rajasthan Northern 1 x 125 125.00
Rihand
Thermal Rihand Uttar
NTPC Sonebhadra Northern 4 x 500 2000.00
Power Nagar Pradesh
Station

Nationa
l
Capital Vidyutna Gautam Uttar 4 x 210,
NTPC Northern 1820.00
Thermal gar Budh Nagar Pradesh 2 x 490
Power
Plant

Feroj
Gandhi
Unchah Uttar Northern
ar NTPC Unchahar Raebareli 5 x 210 1050.00
Pradesh
Thermal

Tanda
Thermal Vidyutna Ambedkar Uttar
NTPC Northern 4 x 110 440.00
Power gar Nagar Pradesh
Plant

Raj
west
Lignite JSW Barmer Barmer Rajasthan Northern 1 x 135 135.00
Power
Plant

VS
Lignite
KSK Gurha Bikaner Rajasthan Northern 1 x 125 125.00
Power
Plant

Rosa
Thermal
Shahjahanpu Uttar
Power Reliance Rosa Northern 2 x 300 600.00
r Pradesh
Plant
Stage I
 Northern

Ukai
Thermal 200, 1
GSECL Ukai dam Tapi Gujarat Western 850
Power x 210
Station

Gandhin
agar 2x
Gandhinaga Gandhinag
Thermal GSECL Gujarat Western 120, 3 870
r ar
Power x 210
Station

Wanakb
ori
Thermal GSECL Wanakbori Kheda Gujarat Western 7 x 210 1470
Power
Station

Sikka
Thermal
GSECL Jamnagar Jamnagar Gujarat Western 2 x 120 240
Power
Station

Dhuvara
n
Thermal GSECL Khambhat Anand Gujarat Western 2 x 110 220
Power
Station

Kutch
Thermal 2 x 70,
GSECL Panandhro Kutch Gujarat Western 290
Power 2 x 75
Station

Surat
Thermal
GIPCL Nani Naroli Surat Gujarat Western 4 x 125 500
Power
Station

Akrimot
a
Thermal GMDC Chher Nani Kutch Gujarat Western 2 x 125 250
Power
Station
Satpura 5x
Thermal Madhya 37.5, 1
MPPGCL Sarni Betul Western 1017.5
Power Pradesh x 200,
Station 3 x 210

Sanjay
Gandhi 4x
Madhya
Thermal MPPGCL Birsinghpur Umaria Western 210, 1 1340
Pradesh
Power x 500
Station

Amarka
ntak 2x
Madhya
Thermal MPPGCL Chachai Anuppur Western 120, 1 450
Pradesh
Power x 210
Station

Korba
East
Chattisg 4 x 50,
Thermal CSPGCL Korba Western 440
arh 2 x 120
Power
Plant

Dr
Shyama
Prasad
Mukharj Chattisg
CSPGCL Korba Western 2 x 250 500
ee arh
Thermal
Power
Plant

Korba
West
Hasdeo Chattisg
CSPGCL Korba Western 4 x 210 840
Thermal arh
Power
Plant

Koradi 4x
Thermal MAHAG Maharas 105, 1
Koradi Nagpur Western 1040
Power ENCO tra x 200,
Station 2 x 210
Nashik
2x
Thermal MAHAG Maharas
Nashik Nashik Western 125, 3 880
Power ENCO tra
x 210
Station

Bhusaw
al
MAHAG Maharas 1 x 50,
Thermal Deepnagar Jalgaon Western 470
ENCO tra 2 x 210
Power
Station

Paras
Thermal MAHAG Maharas 1 x 55,
Vidyutnagar Akola Western 555
Power ENCO tra 2 x 250
Station

Parli 2 x 20,
Thermal MAHAG Parli- Maharas 3x
Beed Western 1170
Power ENCO Vaijnath tra 210, 2
Station x 250

Kaparkh
eda
MAHAG Maharas
Thermal Kaparkheda Nagpur Western 4 x 210 840
ENCO tra
Power
Station

Chandra
pur
4x
Super MAHAG Maharas
Chandrapur Chandrapur Western 210, 3 2340
Thermal ENCO tra
x 500
Power
Station

Vindhya
chal
6x
Super Vidhya Madhya
NTPC Sidhi Western 210, 4 3260
Thermal Nagar Pradesh
x 500
Power
Station

Korba 3x
Super Chattisg
NTPC Jamani Palli Korba Western 200, 3 2100
Thermal arh
x 500
Power
 Plant

Sipat
Thermal Chattisg
NTPC Sipat Bilaspur Western 2 x 500 1000
Power arh
Plant

Bhilai
Expansi
NTPC- Chattisg
on Bhilai Durg Western 2 x 250 500
SAIL(JV) arh
Power
Plant

Sabarma
1 x 60,
ti
Ahamadaba 1x
Thermal Torrent Gujarat Western 400
d 120, 2
Power
x 110
Station

Mundra
Thermal
Adani Mundra Kutch Gujarat Western 2 x 330 660
Power
Station

Jindal
Megha Chattisg
jindal Tamnar Raigarh Western 4 x 250 1000
Power arh
Plant

Lanco
Amarka
Chattisg
ntak Lanco Pathadi Korba Western 2 x 300 600
arh
Power
Plant

Tromba
1x
y
Maharas 150, 2
Thermal Tata Trombay Mumbai Western 1400
tra x 500,
Power
1 x 250
Station

Dahanu
Thermal Maharas
Reliance Dahanu Thane Western 2 x 250 500
Power tra
Station
 Wardha
Warora Maharas
KSK Warora Chandrapur Western 1 x 135 135
Power tra
Station

Gas or Liquid Fuel Based

As on July 31, 2010, and as per the Central Electricity Authority the total installed capacity of
Gas based power plants in india is 17,353.85 MW. This accounts for 10% of the total
installed capacity.GAIL is the main source of fuel for most of these plants. Here is some list
of presently operating plants.

Power Operator Location District State Sector Unit Install

station wise ed
Capacity Capac
ity
(MW)

IPGCL IPGCL New Delhi NCT Delhi State 9 x 30 270.00

Gas
Turbine
Power
Station

Pragati PPCL New Delhi NCT Delhi State 2x 330.40

Gas 104.6, 1
Power x 121.2
Station

Pampore J&K Govt Pampore Pulwama Jammu & State 3 x 25 75.00

Gas Kashmir
Turbine
Station I

Pampore J&K Govt Pampore Pulwama Jammu & State 4 x 25 100.00

Gas Kashmir
Turbine
Station II

Ramgarh RVUNL Ramgarh Rajasthan State 1 x 3, 1 x 113.80

Gas 35.5, 1 x
Thermal 37.5, 1 x
Power 37.8
Station

Dholpur RVUNL Purani Dholpur Rajasthan State 3 x 110 330.00

Combined Chaoni
Cycle
Power
Station

Anta NTPC Anta Baran Rajasthan Central 3 x 88, 1 413.00

Thermal x 149
Power
Station

Auraiya NTPC Dibiyapu Auraiya Uttar Central 4 x 110, 652.00

Thermal r Pradesh 2 x 106
Power
Station

Faridabad NTPC Mujedi Faridabad Haryana Central 2 x 143, 430.00

Thermal 1 x 144
Power
Plant

National NTPC Vidyutna Gautam Uttar Central 4 x 131, 817.00

Capital gar Budh Nagar Pradesh 2 x 146.5
TPP

Northern

Dhuvaran GSECL Khambha Anand Gujarat State 1x 106.62

Gas t 67.85, 1
Based x 38.77
CCPP-I

Dhuvaran GSECL Khambha Anand Gujarat State 1x 112.45

Gas t 72.51, 1
Based x 39.94
CCPP-II

Utran Gas GSECL Utran Surat Gujarat State 3 x 30, 1 363.00

Based x 45, 1 x
CCPP 228

Vadodara GIPCL Vadodara Vadodara Gujarat State 3 x 32, 1 145.00

Gas x 49
Based
CCPP-I

Vadodara GIPCL Vadodara Vadodara Gujarat State 1 x 111, 165.00

Gas 1 x 54
Based
CCPP-II

Uran Gas Mahagenco Bokadvir Raigarh Maharastra State 4 x 60, 4 912.00

Turbine a x 108, 2
Power x 120
Station

Kawas NTPC Adityana Surat Gujarat Central 4 x 106, 645.00

TPS gar 2 x 110.5

Jhanor- NTPC Urjanaga Bharuch Gujarat Central 3 x 131, 648.00

Gandhar r 1 x 255
TPS

Goa Gas RSPCL Zuarinag Goa Goa Private 1 x 32, 1 48.00

Power ar x 16
Station

Vatva Torrent Vatva Ahamadabad Gujarat Private 2 x 32.5, 100.00

Combined 1 x 35
Cycle
Power
Plant

SUGEN Torrent Akhakho Surat Gujarat Private 3 x 382.5 1147.5

Combined l 0
Cycle
Power
Plant

Essar Essar Hazira Surat Gujarat Private 3 x 110, 515.00

Combined 1 x 185
Cycle
Power
Plant

GSEG GSEG Hazira Surat Gujarat Private 3 x 52 156.00

Combined
Cycle
Power
Plant

GPEC GPEC Paguthan Bharuch Gujarat Private 3 x 135, 655.00

Combined 1 x 250
Cycle
Power
Plant

Trombay Tata Trombay Mumbai Maharastra Private 1 x 120, 180.00

Gas 1 x 60
Power
Station

Diesel Based
As on July 31, 2010, and as per the Central Electricity Authority the total installed capacity of
Diesel based power plants in india is 1,199.75 MW.[4]. Normally the diesel based power
plants are either operated from remote locations or operated to cater peak load demands. Here
is some list of presently operating plants.

Power Operator Location State Reactor Installed Under

station (MW)units Capacity construction
(MW) (MW)

Ambala Haryana Haryana Northern 1 x 2.18, 3.92

Diesel Power Govt 1 x 0.34,
Station 1 x .4, 1
x1

Keylong HP Govt Himachal Northern 1 x 0.13 0.13

Diesel Power Pradesh
Station

Bemina J&K Jammu & Northern 1x5 5.00

Diesel Power Govt Kashmir
Station

Kamah Diesel J&K Jammu & Northern 1 x 0.06 0.06

Power Station Govt Kashmir

Leh Diesel J&K Jammu & Northern 1 x 2.18 2.18

Power Station Govt Kashmir

Upper Sindh J&K Jammu & Northern 1 x 1.7 1.70

Diesel Power Govt Kashmir
Station

Northern 6 8 12.99

Yelahanka KPCL Yelahanka Karnataka Southern 6 x 21.32 127.92

Diesel Power
Station

Brahmapuram KSEB Brahmapuram Kerala Southern 5 x 21.32 106.60

Diesel Power
Station

Kozhikode KSEB Kozhikode Kerala Southern 8 x 16.00 128.00

Diesel Power
Station

Southern 3 19 362.52

Gangtok Sikkim Gangtok Sikkim Eastern 4.00

Diesel Power Govt
Station

Ranipool Sikkim Ranipool Sikkim Southern 1.00

Diesel Power Govt
Station

Eastern 2 5.00

Suryachakra SPCL A&N Andaman Islands 20

Diesel Power &
Station Nicobar

Islands 1 20.00

Total 12 27 400.51
POWER PLANTS IN RAJASTHAN
1 KOTA THERMAL POWER PLANT
kota Super Thermal Power Station is the first coal based Electricity Generating Power Plant
in Rajasthan. At present the total installed capacity of KSTPS is 1240MW.

Kota Super Thermal Power Station is located on the left bank of river Chambal in
Rajasthan’s principal industrial city Kota. Infrastructural facilities like adequate water
availability in Kota Barrage throughout the year.

SANCTION OF SCHEMES (STAGE-I to V)

Kota Super Thermal Power Station is located on the left bank of river Chambal in
Rajasthan’s principal industrial city Kota. Infrastructural facilities like adequate water
availability in Kota Barrage throughout the year.

Stage Unit No. Capacity(MW) Synchronising Date Cost(Rs.Crore)

I 1 110 17.1.1983 143

2 110 13.7.1983

II 3 210 25.9.1988 480

4 210 1.5.1989

III 5 210 26.3.1994 480

IV 6 195 31.7.2003 635

V 7 195 30.5 2009 880

(1) Location KOTA(RAJASTHAN)

(2) Installed Capacity 1240MW

(3) Land Details

(a) Plant Area 204 Hectare

(b) Ash Dump Area 423 Hectare

(4) Cooling Water

Source Of Cooling
(a) Kota Barrage (Chambal River)
Water

Method Of
(b)
Cooling:

i) Unit # 1 to 5 Once through Cooling System(Open Cycle)-1180 Cusecs

Re-circulating through Cooling Tower - 18 Cusecs (Including

i) Unit # 6 to 7 Consumptive use)

(5) Coal

(a) Type Bituminous Coal

(b) Linked Coal Mines SECL (Korea-Rewa & Korba) & NCL (Singrauli)

Average Ash
(c) 28-32%
Content

(6) Fuel Oil

(a) Type Furnace Oil / HSD

Available Storage
(b) HSD - 3100 KL & FO - 18600 KL
Capacity
 (7) Steam Generator M/s. BHEL make

(8) Turbo Generator M/s. BHEL make

Coal Handling
(9)
Plant

Stock Yard
(a) 5,00,000 MT
Capacity

(b) Wagon Tipplers 5 Nos.

(c) Coal Crushers 10 Nos

(d) Conveyor System 1.595 Kms

Transmission Power evacuation through 9 Nos. 220 KV outgoing feeders.

(10)
Lines Further 2 Nos. of new 220 KV feeders are under construction

RECORDS OF EXCELLENCE :
Kota Super Thermal Power Station is reckoned as one of the best, efficient and prestigious
power station of the country. KSTPS has established a record of excellence and has earned
meritorious productivity awards from the Ministry of Power, Govt. of India during 1984,
1987, 1989, 1991 and every year since 1992-93 onwards.

KSTPS has earned golden shield award from Union Ministry of Power for Consistent
outstanding performance during 2000-01 to 2003-04. The Golden Shield was presented by
Hon’ble President of India Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam on 24.8.04.

KSTPS has achieved the distinction of about 100% fly ash utilization during the year 2010-
11. An all time high generation level of 9891 MU at an annual PLF of 91.06% was achieved
during 2010-11. The achievements made by KTPS during 2010-11 are as under:-

record achievements : 2010-11

total station generation _ 9891 mu(highest since commissioning)

plant load factor _ 91.06 %

station availability _ 94.23 %

no. of forced outages _ 6 nos.(lowest since commissioning)

 sp. oil consumption _ 0.24 ml/kwh(lowest since commissioning)

sp. oil consumption _ 0.76 ml/kwh(lowest since commissioning)

dry fly ash utilisation _ 99.40%(highest since commissioning)

boiler tube leakage unit _ nil (during yr. 2010-11)

continuous run 210 mw unit # 4 _ 100 days (dt. 16.02.10 to 26.05.10)

station generation (in a day) _ 30.895 mu(highest in a day on 13.03.11)

Special Achievements current year 2010-11

Continuous No. of No of
Capicity From To
run Hrs days

13.18 hrs 01:58 hrs

Unit-2 110MW 3205 134
dt26.01.11 dt.09.6.11

03:19 hrs
Unit-6 195MW 17:05 hrs dt30.1.11 2578 107
dt18.05.11

07:18 hrs dt
Unit-4 210MW Contd. 2849 119(+)
17.2.11

Further, it is worthwhile to mention that KTPS managed efficient unloading of coal rakes
within the duration as prescribed by the Railways and there by achieved unloading of about
155 coal rakes without any demurrage charges since 19th April 2010. Though KTPS Units 1
to 4 are very old (110 MW Unit No. 1 & 2 being 27 years old & 210 MW Units No. 3 & 4
being 21 years old), the station performance is consistently well above the National average
as depicted in the operational parameters for last 5 years as under:-

SPCFC. OIL AUX. AVAIL. FLY ASH

YEA GEN(M PLF(%
CONSUMP.(ml/kw CONSUMP( FACTO UTILIZATIO
R U) )
h) %) R (%) N (%)

2005-
8294 90.60 0.48 9.27 91.51 79.45
2006

2006-
8163 89.17 0.57 9.36 89.86 88.51
2007
 2007-
8395 91.46 0.50 9.37 94.27 98.12
2008

2008-
8674 94.76 0.43 9.37 95.34 99.14
2009

2009-
8584 89.65 0.70 9.54 90.41
2010

2010-
9891 91.06 0.52 9.67 94.23 97.31
2011

2011- 10084.77
92.59 0.47 9.59 93.95 97.31
2012 6

ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE :
 adequate measures have been taken at ktps to control pollution and comply to the norms
laid by environment protection act. 1986. being a power station, located in the heart of kota
city, continuous efforts are made to ensure atmospheric emission of suspended particulate
matter within the prescribed limits.

 180 meter high stacks have been provided to release flue gases into the atmosphere at an
approx. velocity of 25 m/sec. so as to disperse the emitted particulate matter over a wide
spread area.

 the on-line stack spm monitoring system of codel Germany has been installed as per
requirement of central pollution control board.

 microprocessor based intelligent controllers to optimize the esp of 99.82% efficiency have
been provided. esps of 110 mw units # 1 & 2 were augmented under r&m scheme with
installation of 7 additional field to enhance efficiency upto 99.82%. dummy fields provided
in esp of 210 mw units # 3 & 4 were also filled in with installation of 7th field as such the
efficiency has increased up to 99.84%.

 adequate water spraying arrangements have been provided at coal unloading, transfer and
conveying system to arrest and restrict fugitive emission. the system is now further upgraded
with latest technology.

 development of green belt, about 3 lakhs plants of various species have already been
planted in kstps and ash dyke. the survival rate of plants is watched periodically.

*existing green cover area within plant - 90 hect.

*existing green cover area within ash dyke - 100 hect.
 regular monitoring of stack emission, ambient air quality and trade effluent is carried out.

 all the drains in the esp area and boiler area have been diverted to dedicated tanks and the
effluent collected is utilized for transportation of bottom ash disposal of the various units.

ASH UTILIZATION
FLY ASH :
In compliance to Govt. of India Gazette Notification issued on 14th Sept. 1999 for making
available ash free of cost ,KSTPS has achieved 100% Dry Fly ash utilization. KSTPS signed
agreements for dedicated generating units allocations including Construction & Operation of
complete dry fly ash evacuation system from each unit in two phases i.e. from ESP to
Intermediate Silo and Intermediate Silo to Main Supply Silo near KSTPS boundary with
following cement manufacturing companies -

• Unit # 1&2 - M/s. Associated Cement Co. Ltd.

• Unit # 3 - M/s. Birla Cement Works Ltd.

• Unit # 4 - M/s. Grasim Industries Ltd.

• Unit # 5 - M/s. Grasim Industries Ltd

• Unit # 6 - M/s. Shree Cement Ltd.

• Unit # 7(50% each) - M/s. Grasim Industries & M/s. Shree Cement Ltd.

POND ASH :
Concerted efforts have been made towards utilization of disposed fly & bottom ash
accumulated in KSTPS ash dykes. The ash is provided free of cost and has been utilized by
various small entrepreneurs i.e. Brick-kiln industries, small fly ash product industries,
Cement manufacturing Industries and for land filling by National Highway Authority of
India in construction of NH-12 and NH-76.

2 SURATGARH SUPER THERMAL POWER STATION

 suratgarh thermal power station is the first super thermal plant of rajasthan.
 it has installed capacity of 1500 mw, which is highest in the state.
LOCATION

suratgarh super thermal power station is located 27 km from suratgarh -15 km from suratgarh
to biradhwal on nh15,then 12km in east from nh15.it is having extreme hot & cold climate
and temperature varies between -1 to 50 ˚c

SANCTION OF SCHEMES (STAGE-I to V)

Stage Unit No. Capacity(MW) Cost(Rs.Crore)

I I & II 2x250 2300

II III & IV 2X250 2057
III V 1X250 753
IV VI 1X250 1117
TOTAL 6227

COMMISSIONING TARGETS AND ACHIEVEMENTS

DATE
DATE OF
ZERO ACTUAL OF
UNITS TARGET COMMERCIAL Remarks
DATE DATE COAL
OPERATION
FIRING
UNIT- MAR- 10-MAY- 04-OCT-
Jun-91 01-FEB-1999
1 1997 1998 1998
COMMISSIONED 6
UNIT- 28-MAR- 07-JUN-
Jun-91 SEP-2000 01-OCT-2000 MONTH AHEAD OF
2 2000 2000
SCHEDULE
COMMISSIONED 6
UNIT- 23- MAR- 29-OCT- 08-DEC-
15-JAN-2002 MONTH AHEAD OF
3 Jun-99 2002 2001 2001
SCHEDULE
 COMMISSIONED 6
UNIT- 23- 25-MAR- 17-JUN-
SEP-2002 31-JUL-2002 MONTH AHEAD OF
4 Jun-99 2002 2002
SCHEDULE
COMMISSIONED IN
UNIT- 1-Feb- 30-JUN- 30-JUN-
JUN-2003 19-AUG-2003 RECORD TIME OF
5 01 2003 2003
29 MONTH
24-
UNIT- 15- OCT- 31-MAR-
AUG- 30-DEC-2009 -
6 Jun-06 2008 2009
2009

ACHIEVEMENTS

IT HAS ACHIEVED MANY MILESTONES SINCE COMMISSIONING OF ITS 1ST

UNIT DESPITE BEING LOCATED AT PLACE WHERE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS ARE
VERY ADVERSE.

2.Fly Ash Utilisation

sstps has achieved almost 100% fly ash utilization in 2010-11. working more efficiently
auxiliary power consumption has been reduced from 9.16% in 2009-10 to 9.12% in 2010-11.
we have also managed to reduce demurrage hours for unloading of coal rakes by remarkable
81% in 2010-11 from 2009-10. in 2009-10 number of demurrage hours were 3787 while for
2010-11 it has been reduced to just 708 hours.
3.Mini-Micro Hydel Plant

for financial year 2010-11 there is an increase of 206 % in total generation by mini/micro
hydroelectric plants (under sstps) from last year 2009-10. generation for 2010-11 is 67.89
lakh units while generation for 2009-10 was 22.18 lakh units.
4.CSR

under corporate social responsibility , bus facility has been started from sstps township to
nearby villages ,enabling village children to have quality education in kendriya vidyalaya and
dav school situated in sstps township

PERFORMANCE INDICES AT A GLANCE

 Total % Sp. Oil Sp. Coal Station Heat
PLF Fly Ash
Year Generation Aux. Cons. Cons. Rate
(%) Utilisation
(MU) Cons. (ml/Kwh) (Kg/Kwh) (Kcal/Kwh)
2001-
4112.540 85.04 9.31 1.56 0.607 2505 0.97
2002
2002-
7145.676 88.94 9.18 1.07 0.614 2576 2.34
2003
2003-
8186.633 80.74 9.37 0.98 0.607 2429 12.62
2004
2004-
9362.319 85.50 9.30 0.83 0.635 2444 16.16
2005
2005-
9951.223 90.88 9.15 0.64 0.613 2478 40.37
2006
2006-
10205.589 93.20 9.16 0.53 0.624 2469 63.26
2007
2007-
10222.515 93.10 9.12 0.59 0.634 2491 81.55
2008
2008-
9740.606 88.96 9.19 0.77 0.669 2499 87.50
2009
2009-
9192.409 79.94 9.16 1.02 0.669 2476 88.74
2010
2010-
9409.777 71.61 9.12 1.340 0.665 2493 96.53
2011
2011-
9735.59 81.61 8.79 0.85 0.65 2502 91.38
2012
2012-
10570.321 80.44 9.05 1.06
2013

STATION PERFORMANCE
HIGHLIGHTS & ACHIEVEMENTS (2010-11)
ENVIRONMENTAL MEASURES
1. 100 % ash utilization has been achieved in 2010-11 resulting in considerable reduction in
raw water consumption required for disposal of ash.

2. disposal of fly ash is ensured through closed containers only

3. green belt development is being done as per action plan to achieve 33% cover.
energy conservation measures
switching of cooling tower fans & reduction of raw water consumption through utilization of
waste water for fly ash preparation and green belt development.
strengthening of power evacuation system
commissioning of 400 kv stps-bikaner & 220 kv stps- bhadra feeders.
deployment of cisf
deployemnt of cisf for ensuring safety & security of the power station in line with the
directives of security agencies.
concrete road at rayanwali village
construction of cement concrete road at rayanwali village taken up by cement companies on
the behest of sstps authorities.
awards by g.o.i.
year generation award
meritorious productivity - shield
1999-2000
& 3.74 lacs
meritorious productivity gold
shield awarded by hon'ble
2000-2005
president of india dr. a. p. j. abdul
kalam on 24-aug-2004
shield awarded by hon'ble prime
2005-2006 minister of india dr. manmohan
singh on 21-3-2007

expansion plans
super critical units 7& 8
(1) proposed capicity 2x660 mw
(2) location suratgarh(rajasthan)
(3) total plant area 446 hectares
(4) project cost rs. 7920 crores
primary fuel: coal
(5) fuel
secondary fuel : hsd / hfo
(6) fuel requirement 6.5 mtpa
(7) source of water : indra gandhi canal project
(8) water allocation 60 cusecs
2.21 mtpa on 34% ash
(9) ash generated
content coal
 south west of plant about
(10) ash pond location
3.0 km away
(already existing) land size : 576 hectares
(11) stack twin flue stack (275 metre)
nearest railway
(12) biradhwal
station

highlights :-
1. administrative and financial approval accorded on 02-03-2009.

2. land acquisition completed

3. resolution of compensation related issues

4. water allocation has been made.

4 GIRAL LIGNITE THERMAL POWER PROJECT

SALIENT FEATURES
1.Plant capacity 2 X 125MW
2.Location Village: Thumbli At Giral,43 Km from Barmer.
Dates of Project Approval/Allocation
3
:
U#1 U#2
(i) Confirmation of Lignite supply 30.01.02 31.12.04
(ii) Administrative approval 04.10.02 11.04.05
(iii) Financial approval 07.07.03 11.04.05
(iv) Appointment of consultant 16.07.03 14.10.05
(v) Laying of foundation stone 19.07.03 -
Allocation of water from Indira Gandhi
(vi) 04.09.03 04.09.03
canal

4.Statutory no objection clearances :

U#1 U#2
(i) Defence Clearance 07.05.03 31.10.05
(ii) Stack Height Clearance 07.08.03 12.04.05
(iii) Environment Clearance (MOE&F) 23.11.04 05.01.06
 (i) Lignite 6000 MT per day. ii) Lime 1500 MT per
day.
5.Fuel
* Indira Gandhi canal at Mohangarh through 600
6.Water
mm & 165 km longpipeline.
* Canal Water made available at site on 8.07.06.
7.Land Cost 661.25 Bighas : Rs.41.08 Lacs
8.Project cost
Unit-I 764 Crores
Unit-II 750 Crores
9.Schedule of Commissioning Unit#1 Commissioned on 28.02.07.
Unit#2 Commissioned on 26.12.08
Unit#1 COD on 18.10.11
Unit#2 COD on 12.03.11

Performance Indices at a Glance GLPL,Barmer.Unit-I

2006-
Parameter 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
07
Generation
1.24 1800.01 4170.55 3133.61 2889.22 2619.17
(LU)
 Plant Load
0.011 16.38 38.09 28.62 26.39 22.24 23.92
Factor (%)
Running Hours 9:43:00 2433:50:00 5860:52:00 4580:14:00 4168:39:00
Availability
0.11 27.78 66.90 52.28 47.58
Factor (%)

Performance Indices at a Glance GLPL,Barmer.Unit-II

Parameter 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13
Generation (LU) 442.51 3518.06 3076.59 2914.10 2099.81
Plant Load Factor (%) 15.36 32.13 28.10 26.54 19.18
Running Hours 714:21:00 4508:34:00 4531:06:00
Availability Factor
31.03 48.49 51.17
(%)

5CHHABRA THERMAL POWER STATION

* Chhabra Thermal Power Station is the coal based Electricity Generating Power Plant of
Rajasthan.

location

Chhabra Thermal Power Station is located at 22km from Chhabra, near village Chowki
Motipura, Tehsil Chhabra, Distt. Baran (Rajasthan).

sanction of schemes (stage-i to v)

Unit
Phase Capacity(MW) Cost(Rs.Crore)
No.
I I & II 2x250 2820
II III & IV 2X250 2991

operational parameters
Year Gen(MU) PLF(%) SPCFC OIL AUX.
 CONSUMPTION CONSUMPTION
2009-2010 246.92 22.61 -- --
2010-2011 1227.28 56.04 8.37 9.78
2011-2012 1998.74 70.50 3.15 11.60
2012-2013(Upto
2598.86 64.88 2.213 10.75
Feb.13)

Project Highlights:
(1) Planned capacity 2320MW
(2) Location Near village Chowki Motipura, Tehsil Chhabra, Baran District
Gently sloping 400M – 390M
Extent of Area : About 1100 acres
Site Elevation : 400M above MS(Highest Flood level 385M)
(3) Site Features Uninhabited Site
No major township or industries in the vicinity
Well connected to State Highway – 51
Well connected to West Central Railway line (Bina-Kota
Coal from South Eastern/Northern Coal fields (Near Korba)
Calorific value : 3500K Cal/kg)
(4) Primary Fuel
Coal requirement : 2.5MTPY for 500MW
5.0MTPY for 1000MW
Source : (i) From nearby Parvati River
(5) Water (ii) From nearby Bethali Dam
Water Requirement : 70,000 Cu.m/day (15.5MGD)
(6) Power Eqation 400kV/220kV Switchyard with Interconnecting Transformers
Liquid effluent: Zero discharge concept will be adopted.
Complete effluent water will be treated re-used.
Emission levels (Particulars, SO X, NO X): will be maintained
well within the statutory stipulations. 250M tall common
Environmental chimney for 2 units.
(7)
Issues
Thermal Pollution: Nil
Noise Pollution levels: Will be maintained well within the
statutory stipulations
Solid Waste management: 100% utilisation of fly ash for
 commercial utilization.
super critical units 5 & 6
(1) proposed capicity 2x660 mw
near village chowki motipura, tehsil chhabra, baran
(2) location
district
(3) total plant area 709 hectares
(4) project cost rs. 7920 crores
primary fuel: coal
(5) fuel
secondary fuel : hsd / hfo
(6) fuel requirement 6.5 mtpa
(7) source of water : lashi, parwan irrigation project
(8) water allocation 1570 mcft
(9) stack twin flue stack (275meter)
nearest railway
(10) chowki motipura
station

gas based units

(1) proposed capicity 3x110 mw
near village chowki motipura, tehsil chhabra, baran
(2) location
district
(3) total plant area 67 acres
(4) project cost rs. 1320 crores
(5) fuel primary fuel: liquefied natural gas
(6) fuel requirement 1.70 mmscmd
(7) source of water : parwan dam
(8) water allocation 10 cusec (315 mcft)
(9) stack 70 meter
nearest railway
(10) chowki motipura
station

HIGHLIGHTS :-
1. Administrative & Financial approved accorded on 02.03.2009.

2. Land Acquisition completed.

3. Water allocation has been made.

4. MOEF Clearance awaited.

6 KALISINDH THERMAL POWER PROJECT
The site of Kalisindh Thermal Power Project is located in Nimoda, Undal, Motipura,
Singharia and Devri villages of Tehsil Jhalarapatan, Distt. Jhalawar. The proposed capacity
of coal based Thermal Power Project is 1200 MW. The project site is about 12 km from
Jhalawar (Distt. Head quarter ) and NH-12 .It is 2km from state highway No.19 and 8 km
from proposed RamganjMandi - Bhopal broad gauge rail line.

The site selection committee of Central Electricity Authority has visited the
Nimoda and its adjoining villages of Jhalawar Distt. and site was found techno-economical
feasible for setting up of a Power Project. The Govt. of Raj. have included that project in 11
th five year plan. The estimated revised cost of the project is Rs.7723 Crores. M/s. TCE
Bangalore has been appointed as the technical consultant for the project. The state irrigation
department has alloted 1200 mcft water for the project from proposed Kalisindh dam. The
origin of the Kalisindh river is from northern slop of Vindya Mountains. The river enters
from MP to Rajasthan near village Binda. After flowing 145 km in Rajasthan, the Kalisindh
river merges in Chambal river near Nanera village of Distt.Kota. Its catchment area is about
7944 sq.km in Jhalawar & Kota Distt. The existing Dam is located at Bhawarasa village,
primarily for P.H.E.D. purpose is being uplifted for providing a storage of 1200mcft water
for this power project.

The GOR has allotted 842 bigha Government land and acquired 1388 bigha private khatedari
land for the thermal project .Phase-1 will be constructed on 1400 bigha land only..
EPC contract has been awarded to M/s. BGR Energy System Chennai on
dt.09.07.2008. Total project cost is Rs.7723Crores (Revised).

Ministry of Coal, Govt. of India has allotted ‘Paras east and Kanta basin
‘coal blocks to RVUN in Chhatisgarh state. The RVUN has formed new company under
joined venture with M/s. Adani Enterprises for mining of coal blocks and new company
started the work. Annual coal requirement for the project is 56 Lacs TPA.

Progress Status as on 31.05.13

Unit#I
Commissioning activities for Rolling and Synchronization of this 600 MW commenced from
April’2013, Steam Blowing, Turbine Box-up, Barring Gear etc. have been achieved till date.
The Rolling and Synchronization was completed on dt.30 May 2013 on oil. The erection
work of Coal Mills, Coal Handling System, Ash Handling System is in progress, the unit is
scheduled to synchronized on designated fuel i.e. Coal prior to 31st July 2013.

The Rail Linking between serving station i.e. Jhalawar City to KaTPP Plant is also in
progress for receiving of coal by rail, expected to be completed in the mid of July’2013.

The water supply for the 2x600 MW Kalisindh Super Thermal Power Project is from
proposed Kalisindh Dam near village Bhanwarasi. This dam is being constructed by Water
Resources Department, GoR. The cost of the dam is being born by RRVUNL, the
construction of dam is in full swing and expected completion of dam is June’2014. However
the contingency arrangement have been made by raising the height of existing anicut situated
near the Kalisindh Dam.The mechanical work of Water Conductor System i.e. Construction
of Intake Well, Erection of Pumps, Laying of Pipeline from Kalisindh Intake Well (situated
at Kalisindh Dam Site) to KaTPP plant have been completed.

Unit#II
The erection work of Boiler for this unit have been completed. The erection work of Turbine,
Generator and its auxiliaries is in advanced stage. The Turbine Box-Up, Oil Flushing, Steam
Blowing and Turbine Barring Gear is scheduled to be completed by 31.08.2013. The Rolling
and Synchronization of the unit is scheduled on 30.11.2013 on coal.
Salient Features
Project Kalisindh Super Thermal Power Project Jhalawar
Capacity 1200 MW(2x600 MW)
Village-Undel, Motipura, Nimoda, Singhania & Deveri of
Project Site
Tehsil Jhalarapatan, Distt. Jhalawar
The project site is about 12 km from NH-12, 2km from state
Project Location highway and 8 km from proposed RamganjMandi - Bhopal
broad gauge rail line.
Land Area
Water source and quantity
Fuel Source
Quantity of Fuel (at 80% PLF)
Electro Static Precipitator
Stack Height
Estimated revised Cost
Synchronization Date
2230 Bigha/564 Hq. (1400 bigha/350 Hq. in I stage)
Dam on Kalisindh river. 3400 CuM/ Hrs.
Main Fuel- Coal from captive coal blocks (Paras east and
kanta Basin in Chhatisgarh state)
Secondary Fuel- FO/HSD.
Coal-56 Lacs TPA
FO/HSD-13000-14000 KL/A
99.98 % Capacity
275 Mtr.
Rs.7723 Crores
Unit-I August 2013 achieved
Unit-II November 2013

SI As per L-2 Actual As per L-2

Activity Anticipated Actual Anticipated
NO. Sch(Unit#1) Date Sch.(Unit#2)
Boiler Civil
01 30.12.08 24.01.09 11.03.09 23.03.09 -
Works Start
Boiler Erection
02 14.09.09 23.10.09 02.12.09 26.03.10 -
Start
Boiler Drum
03 01.03.10 19.05.10 20.05.10 14.08.10 -
Lifting
Boiler Hyd. Test
04 07.12.10 08.04.11 24.01.11 15.12.11 -
(non-Drainable)
05 Boiler Light Up 12.03.11 30.12.12 07.06.11 - 31.08.13
06 SBO 19.05.11 26.03.13 10.08.11 - 30.09.13
Condenser
07 03.04.10 27.11.10 24.06.10 25.08.11 -
Erection Start
TG Erection
08 23.06.10 20.12.10 31.08.10 25.08.11 -
Start
TG Box Up
19 31.03.11 31.01.13 10.06.11 - 28.08.13
(Final)
11 TG Oil Flushing 17.05.11 25.01.13 27.07.11 - 25.08.13
Turbine on
11 27.05.11 03.02.13 06.08.11 - 31.08.13
Barring Gear)
Synchronization
12 14.06.11 30.05.13 05.09.11 - 30.09.13
(on Oil)
13 Coal Firing 19.07.11 - 31.07.13 10.10.11 - 30.11.13
14 Full Load 07.10.11 - 30.09.13 06.01.12 - 31.12.13
7 Ramgarh Gas Thermal Power Station
• Ramgarh gas thermal power station is the first gas thermal power plant of Rajaisthan.(On
dated 13-11-1994)
LOCATION

Ramgarh gas thermal power plant station is situated near village Ramgarh and 60 kms away
from Jaisalmer. It is the installed capacity of 223.5 MW.
Cost
Capacity Synchronising
Stage Unit No. (Rs.
(MW) Date
Crore)
I *1(Gas Turbine) 3MW* 19 ----
I 1(Gas Turbine) 35.5 180 12.01.1996
II 2(Gas Turbine) 37.5 07.08.2002
300
3(Steam Turbine) 37.5 25.04.2003
III 4(Gas Turbine) 110 640 30.03.2013

Operational Performance of Plant

2004- 2005- 2006- 2007- 2008- 2009- 2010- 2011- 2012-
Particulars
05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13
Gross
3611.3 4356.2 4041.4 4141.1 3486.7 3539.4 3028.8 5367.9 4979.0
Generation
92 09 40 53 82 4 5 4 6
(LU)
Plant Load
37.30% 45.00% 41.75% 42.78% 36.00% 36.57% 31.29% 55.30% 51.44%
Factor (%)
Aux.Power
311.66 268.17 333.11 279.02 161.45
Consumption 241.28 551.61 95.796 90.245
2 9 6 9 2
(LU)
Gas
219671 238364 240482 248875 209782 213635 183481 297151 273012
Consumption(
057 647 508 773 021 298 825 090 213
SCM)
EXPANSION
GAS THERMAL POWER STATION STAGE III
Proposed
1. 160MW
capacity
2. Location Ramgarh
3. Total plant area 796 bigha,17 biswa
4. Project cost 640 crores
5. Fuel GAS and HSD
6. Source of water Indra Gandhi canal
7. Fuel required 9.5 lac. SCM per day
8 Water allocation 10.8 cusecs
The gas and steam unit are schedule to be syncronised on respect Jan. 2012 & May 2012
respectively
At present a combined gas cycle power unit of 160MW under stage III is under construction.

7 DHOLPUR COMBINED CYCLE POWER STATION

The Installed Capacity of Dholpur Combined Power Station is 330MW.

Unit
Capacity(MW) Cost(Rs.Crore) Synchronising Date
No
1 GT 110 29.03.2007
2 GT 110 16.06.2007
1100
3 ST 110 27.12.2007
Location
Dholpur Combined Power Station is located in Dholpur City in eastier part of Rajasthan State
and is situated above 7Km from District HeadQuarter.

Environmental Profile
Based on Gas This Project is Compatively safe in view of environment & water pollution.70
Meter high stack has been provided to release fuel gases into the atmosphere so as to disperse
the emitted matter over a wide spread area.
Highlights
Area 143 Bigha
Water Requirement 20 Cuses from Chambal River
Fuel Requirement 1.5 MM SC MD gas
Fuel Supplier ONGC
Fuel Transporter GAIL

Operational Performance of Plant

2007- 2011-
Particulars 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2012-13
08 12
214.9 2254.1 11624.3091
Gross Generation (MU) 2288.78 2424.74 1994.83
0 4 8
Plant Load Factor 87.53 79.17 83.88 69.01 77.76 40.21
Aux.Power
- 2.61 2.49 2.84 2.73
Consumption(%)
Gas
17598464.35 18324175.3 1512476.1
Consumption(MMBTU -
4 5 2
)

References
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