DJJ2073 - THERMODYNAMICS

PRACTICAL TASK : 4
TITLE : SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
DURATION : 2 HOURS
PAGE : 1 0F 4

1.0 Experiment outcomes

At the end of the lab session students should be able:

1.1 To explain the basic Steam Plant.
1.2 To discuss the Steam Plant system efficiency using Carnot and Rankine cycle.

2.0 Theory

A Steam Plant is a power plant in which the prime mover is steam driven. Water is heated, turns into
steam and spins a steam turbine which drives an electrical generator. After it passes through the turbine,
the steam is condensed in a condenser and recycled to where it was heated; this is known as a Rankine
cycle. The greatest variation in the design of thermal power stations is due to the different fuel sources

3.0 Apparatus/Equipments

3.1 Boiler

4.0 Safety Precautions

4.1 Wear suitable attire when in the lab.

4.2 Be careful when handling the hot water.
4.3 Always obey to the Lecturer/Lab Assistant instructions.

5.0 Procedures

5.1 Sketch the schematic diagram of a basic Steam Plant.

5.2 Briefly explain the processes in the basic Steam Plant.

5.3 Sketch the T-s diagram of Carnot and Rankine Cycle.

5.4 Fill in the data in the table 1.

5.5 Calculate the cycle efficiency and specific steam consumption based on the data in the table by
neglecting the work required by the feed pump.
 DJJ2073 - THERMODYNAMICS

PRACTICAL TASK : 4
TITLE : SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
DURATION : 2 HOURS
PAGE : 2 0F 4

6.0 Result

Symbol Unit Carnot Cycle Rankine Cycle

Boiler pressure Pboiler bar 42 42

Condenser pressure Pcondenser bar 0.05 0.05

Boiler Steam temperature T1 °C 500

Enthalpy at 1 h1 kJ/kg

Enthalpy at 2 h2 kJ/kg
Enthalpy at 3 h3 kJ/kg
Enthalpy at 4 h4 kJ/kg

Entropy at 1 s1 kJ/kgK

Entropy at 2 s2 kJ/kgK

Entropy at 3 s3 kJ/kgK

Entropy at 4 s4 kJ/kgK

Table 1

7.0 Discussion

SCEMATIC DIAGRAM FOR BASIC STEAM PLANT :

 DJJ2073 - THERMODYNAMICS

PRACTICAL TASK : 4
TITLE : SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
DURATION : 2 HOURS
PAGE : 3 0F 4

BASIC STEAM PLANT PROCESS :

Process 1-2:

Process 2-3:

Process 3-4:

Process 4-1:

T-S DIAGRAM
CARNOT CYCLE RANKINE CYCLE

Parameter Unit CARNOT CYCLE RANKINE CYCLE

Cycle efficiency %
Specific steam
kg/kWh
consumption
 DJJ2073 - THERMODYNAMICS

PRACTICAL TASK : 4
TITLE : SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
DURATION : 2 HOURS
PAGE : 4 0F 4

8.0 Conclusion and Recommendation

Make a conclusion based on your results and observations. Your conclusion should be related to your
practical and theoretical understanding on the related topic.

9.0 References

Yunus A. Cengel, Michael A. Boles (1998) Thermodynamics : An Engineering Approach. McGraw Hill.

Prepared by: Verified by:

(Course Coordinator) (DDA/HoD/HoP/Course Head/Lecturer)

Date: Date: