Cálculo de La Expansión Del Forro Del Casco

SHELL EXPANSION 2011
SHEEL EXSPANSION (Mix Framing System)

According to Rules BKI 2006 / Rule VOL II
Calculation of Shell Expansion
A. Principal Dimension of Ship
Type : CONTAINER SHIP
Lpp : 167,74 m
B : 27,50 m
H : 14,30 m
T : 9,70 m
Cb : 0,78
Vd : 19,10 kNot
Dwt : 23219,10 ton
B. Load Calculation :
1. Weather Load Deck (BKI Vol, II 2006 Sec. 4 Chap.B.1.1)
Deck of weather is all of deck which free deck except upper deck which not effective
whereas the position in behind at 0,15L from collusion bulkhead.
Load deck of weather is calculated by the formula: :
20T
Pd  P0   CD
(10  Z  T )  H
Where :
Pd = Weather load deck
300  L 300  167,74
C0 = 10,75   1,5 = 10,75    1,5 = 9,23
100 100
CL = 1 for L > 90 m
f = 1,0 for shell plate and weather deck
f = 0.5 , for frame, web frame,stringer dan grillage
CRW = 1,0 for unlimited
P0 = 2,1 x (Cb + 0,7) x C0 x CL x f x CRW (Sec.4 Chap. A.2.2)
P0 = 2,1 x (0,78 + 0,7) x 9,23 x 1 x 1 x 1 = 28,69 kN/m2
Z =2/3 H = 14,30 m Vertical Distance from centre load to baseline
1
DWI NURYANTO 21090110141048
x x
CD1= 1,2 – for 0 ≤ < 0,2 in the after area of ship (A)
L L
CD1= 1,2 – 0,1 = 1,1
x
CD2 =1,0 for 0,2 ≤ < 0,7 in the middle area of ship (M)
L
c x x
CD3 = 1,0 + { x ( - 0,7)} for 0,7 ≤ ≤ 1,0 in the fore area of ship (F)
3 L L
15,16
CD3 = 1,0 + { x (0,85 -0,7)}  c = 0,15 x L – 10
3
Lmin = 100 m Lmax = 200 m
CD3 = 1,76  c = (0,15 x 167,74) – 10 = 15,16
a) Load deck area 0≤x/L≤0,2 (poop of ship ) is

20T
Pd1 = P0   CD g
(10  Z  T )  H
20  9,70
Pd1 = 28,69   1,1
(10  9,53  9,70 )  14 ,30
Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2

b) Load deck area 0,2≤x/L≤0,7 (midship ) is :
20T
Pd 2  P0   CD
(10  Z  T )  H
20  9,70
Pd2 = 28,69   1,0
(10  9,53  9,70 )  14 ,30
Pd2 = 39,59 kN/m2

c) Load deck area 0,7≤x/L≤1,0 (bow of ship) is :
20T
Pd 3  P0   CD
(10  Z  T )  H
20  9,70
Pd3 = 28,69   1,76
(10  9,53  9,70 )  14 ,30
Pd3 = 69,56 kN/m2
2
2. Load Side of Ship ( BKI Vol II 2006 Sec.4 Chap.B.2.1.1)
1. Load Side of ship under water line (Waterline)

PS  10 (T  Z )  P0  C f  (1  TZ ) 1/3 T
Where: Z
Ps = Load side of ship
P0 = 28,69 kN/m2
1 1
Z= x T = x 9,70 = 3,23 m Vertical Distance from centre load to baseline
3 3
5 x x
Cf1 = 1,0 + { x (0,2 – )} for 0≤ < 0,2 in after area of ship
Cb L L
5
Cf 1 = 1,0 + { x (0,2 – 0.1 )}
0,78
Cf1 = 1.64
x
Cf2 = 1,0 for 0,2≤ < 0,7 in the middle area of ship
L
20 x x
Cf3 = 1,0 + { x ( – 0,7)2} for 0,7 ≤ ≤1,0 in the fore area of ship
Cb L L
20
Cf3 = 1,0 + { x ( 0,85 – 0,7)2} = Cf3 = 1,6
0,78
1) Load side of ship in area 0≤x/L≤0,2 (poop)
Ps1 = 10 (T  Z )  P0  C f 1  (1  TZ )
Ps1 = 10(9,70  3,23)  28,69  1,64  1 

3,23 

 9,70 
Ps1 = 127,41 kN/m2

2) Load side of ship in area 0,2≤x/L≤0,7 (middle)
Ps2 = 10 (T  Z )  P0  C f 2  (1  TZ )
Ps2 = 10(9,70  3,23)  28,69  1  1 

3,23 

 9,70 
Ps2 = 102,94 kN/m2
3
3) Load side of ship in area 0,7≤x/L≤1,0 (bow)

Ps3 = 10 (T  Z )  P0  C f 3  (1  TZ )
Ps3 = 10(9,70  3,23)  28,69  1,6  1 

3,23 

 9,70 
Ps3 = 125,88 kN/m2
2. Load side of ship in the above of water load (water line)

C f  20
PS  P0 
10  Z  T
Where :
Ps = Load Side of Ship
P0 = 28,69 kN/m2
1
Z=T+ (H – T) Z ½ (H – T)
2
1
Z = 9,70 + (14,30 – 9,70) T H
2
Z = 12 m
1) Load side of ship to area 0≤x/L≤0,2 (poop)
C f 1  20
Ps1 = P0 
10  Z  T
1,64  20
Ps1 = 28,69 
10  12  9,70
Ps1 = 76,50 kN/m2
2) Load side of ship to area 0,2≤x/L≤0,7 (middle)
C f 1  20
Ps2 = P0 
10  Z  T
1  20
Ps2 = 28,69 
10  12  9,70
Ps2 = 46,65 kN/m2
4
3) Load side of ship to area 0,7≤x/L≤1,0 (bow)

C f 1  20
Ps3 = P0 
10  Z  T
1,6  20
Ps3 = 28,69 
10  3,23  9,70
Ps3 = 74,63 kN/m2
3. Load side for upper deck building

C f  20
PS  P0 
10  Z  T
Where :
Ps = Load deck of weather
P0 = 28,69 kN/m2
Z Vertical Distance from centre load to baseline
Load side deck
Load deck
Load side
above
waterline
Load Inner Base Load side

under
waterline
Load Base
5
1 1
 Z1 = H+ h = 14,30+ ( x 2,3) = 15,45
2 2
3 3
 Z2 = H+ h = 14,30+ ( x 2,3) = 17,75
2 2
5 5
 Z3 = H+ h = 14,30+ ( x 2,3) = 20,05
2 2
7 7
 Z4 = H+ h = 14,30+ ( x 2,3) = 22,35
2 2
 Z5=Z4+h=22,35 + 2,3 = 24,65
1) Load for Poop Deck

C f 1  20
Ps1 = P0 
10  Z1  T
1,64  20
Ps1= 28,69 
10  15,45  9,70
Ps1 =30,77 kN/m2
2) Load for Boat Deck

C f 1  20
Ps2 = P0 
10  Z 2  T
1,64  20
Ps2= 28,69 
10  17 ,75  9,70
Ps2 = 30,50 kN/m2
3) Load for Navigation Deck

C f 1  20
Ps3 = P0 
10  Z 3  T
1,64  20
Ps3= 28,69 
10  20 ,05  9,70
Ps3 = 30,30 kN/m2
6
4) Load for Bridge

C f 1  20
Ps4 = P0 
10  Z 4  T
1,64  20
Ps4= 28,69 
10  22 ,35  9,70
Ps4 = 30,14 kN/m2
5) Load for Forecastle Deck

C f 3  20
Ps5 = P0 
10  Z 5  T
1,6  20
Ps5 = 28,69 
10  24 ,65  9,70
Ps5 = 30,01 kN/m2
4. Load base of Ship (Sec. 4 Chap.B.3)

Pb = 10  T  P0  C f (kN / m 2 )
Where :
Pb = Load base of Ship
P0 = 28,69 kN/m2
x
a) Load Base on after area 0 ≤ ≤ 0,2
L
Pb1  10  T  P0  C f 1
Pb1 = 10 x 9,70 + 28,69 x 1,64

Pb1 = 144,04 kN/m2
x
b) Load Base on fore area 0,8 ≤ ≤ 1,0
L
Pb3  10  T  P0  C f 3
Pb3 = 10 x 9,70 + 28,69 x 1,6

Pb3 = 142,90 kN/m2
7
c) Load Base on 0,8L midship

Pb2 = 10  T  P0  C f
Pb2 = 10 x 9,70 + 28,69 x 1,0

Pb2 = 125,69 kN/m2
5. Load deck of upper building and Home deck ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.4 Chap.B.5.1)
a) Load deck of upper building and Home deck

PD A  PD  n (kN / m 2 )
Where:
PD = Load deck of weather
PD = Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2
Z H 1
n=1– Z= xT
10 3
3,23  14,30 1
n=1– Z= x 9,70
10 3
n = 2,11 Z = 3,23
nmin = 0,5
PD A  PD  n
PDA = 43,55 x 2,11
PDA = 91,90 kN/m2
b) For poop deck

PD A  PD  n (kN / m 2 )
Where :
PD = Load Deck of Weather
PD = Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2
8
Z H 1
n=1– Z=H+ h
10 2
15,45  14,30 1
n=1– Z = 14,30 + ( x 2,3) , h = high of upper
10 2
building
n = 0,88 Z = 15,45 m
nmin = 0,5
PD A  PD  n
PDA = 43,55 x 0,88
PDA = 38,32 kN/m2
c) For boat deck

PD A  PD  n (kN / m 2 )
Where :
PD = Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2
Z H 1
n=1– Z=H+1 2,3
10 2
17,75  14,30 1
n=1– Z = 14,30 + 1 x 2,3 ;h = high of upper
10 2
building
n = 0,66 Z = 17,75 m
nmin = 0,5
PD A  PD  n
PDA = 43,55 X 0,66
PDA = 28,74 kN/m2
d) Load deck in navigation deck
PD A  PD  n (kN / m 2 )
Where :
PD = Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2
9
Z H 1
n=1– Z=H+ 2 h
10 2
20,05  14,30 1
n=1– Z = 14,30 + 2 x 2,3 ;h = high of upper
10 2
building
n = 0,43 Z =20,05 m
nmin = 0,5
PD A  PD  n
PDA = 43,55 X 0,5
PDA = 21,78 kN/m2
e) Load deck in Bridge

PD A  PD  n (kN / m 2 )
Where :
PD = Pd1 = 43,5465 kN/m2
Z H 1
n=1– Z=H+ 3 h
10 2
22,35  14,30 1
n=1– Z = 14,30 + 3 x 2,3 ; h = high of upper
10 2
building
n = 0,20 ; nmin = 0,5 Z = 22,35 m
PD A  PD  n
PDA = 43,55 X 0,5
PDA = 21,78 kN/m2
f) Load deck in forecastle deck
PD A  PD  n (kN / m 2 )
Where :
n = 1,0
PD = Pd3 = 69,56 kN/m2
10
PD A  PD  n
PDA = 69,56 X 1
PDA = 69,56 kN/m2
6. Calculation thick of deck strength plate and sheel plate (on side, base, bilge and
keel)
Data that we needed :
a0 = distance of normal frame
a0 = 2,5L + 410mm
a0 = 2,5(167,74) + 410 = 829,35
a0 = 0,829 m  0,825 m  a0 not allowed high from 0,825 m
k = 1,0 material factor for ordinary steels
tk = 1,5 load corrosion factor
nf = 0,83 for longitudinal frame system
nf = 1,0 for transverse frame system
a) Thick of strength deck plate (BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.7 Chap.A.7.1)

t E  1,21 a  Pd  k  t k (mm)
Where :
tmin = (5,5 + 0,02L)
tmin = (5,5 + (0,02 x 167,74))
tmin = 8,85 mm ≈ 9 m
1) Thick of strength deck plate in 0,1L area from AP (after area)

t E1  1,21 a  Pd1  k  t k
tE1 = 1,21 x 0,6 x 43,55 x 1 + 1,5
tE1 = 6,29 mm  7 mm
2) Thick of strength deck plate in 0,4L area midship (middle area)
11
t E 2  1,21 a  Pd2  k  t k
tE2 = 1,21 x 0,825 x 39,59 x 1 + 1,5
tE2 = 7,78 mm  8 mm
3) Thick of strength deck plate in 0,05L area from FP (fore area)
t E 3  1,21 a  Pd3  k  t k
tE3 = 1,21 x 0,6 x 69,56 x1 + 1,5
tE3 = 7,55 mm  8 mm
4) Thick of upper building plate
t E  1,21 a  PDA  k  t k
tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 91,90 x 1 + 1,5
tE = 8,45 mm  9 mm
a. Thick of plate in Poop Deck
t E  1,21 a  PDA  k  t k
tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 38,32 x 1 + 1,5
tE = 5,99 mm  6 mm
b. Thick of plate in boat deck
t E  1,21 a  PDA  k  t k
tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 28,74 x1 + 1,5
tE = 5,39 mm  6 mm
c. Thick of plate in navigation deck
t E  1,21 a  PDA  k  t k
tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 18,72 x 1 + 1,5
tE = 4,64 mm  5 mm
d. Thick of plate in forecastle deck
t E  1,21 a  PDA  k  t k
tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 69,56 x1 + 1,5
tE = 7,55 mm  8 mm
12
e. Thick of plate in Bridge

t E  1,21 a  PDA  k  t k
tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 8,71 x 1 + 1,5
tE = 3,64 mm  4 mm
b) Thick of side ships plate ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec. 6 Chap.C.1.2)

a. Thick of side ships plate Under of Waterline (LWL)
PS
t S1  18,3  n f  a   t k (mm)
 pl for L  90 m
t S 2  1,21 a  PS  k  t k (mm)
Where :
230 120
pl = perm – (0,89 x LS) (N/mm2) perm = LS =
k k
230 120
pl = 230 – (0,89 x 120) perm = LS =
1 1
pl = 123,2 mm
1) Thick of side ships plate 0,1L from AP (after area)
PS1
t S1  18,3  n f  a   tk
 pl
t S 2  1,21  a  PS1  k  t k
127,41 t S 2  1,21  0,6  127,41  1  1,5
t S1  18,3  1,0  0,6   1,5
123,2
t S 2  9,69 mm  10 mm
t S1  11,16mm  12 mm
13
2) Thick of side ships plate 0,4L midship
PS 2
t S 1  18,3  n f  a   tk
 pl
t S 2  1,21  a  PS 2  k  t k
102,94
t S1  18,3  1,0  0,825   1,5 t S 2  1,21  0,825  102,94  1  1,5
123,2
t S 2  11,62 mm  12 mm
t S 1  15,3 mm  16mm
3) Thick of side ships plate 0,05L from FP
PS 3
t S1  18,3  n f  a   tk
 pl
t S 2  1,21  a  PS 3  k  t k
125,88 t S 2  1,21  0,6  125,88  1  1,5
t S1  18,3  1,0  0,6   1,5
123,2
t S 2  9,64 mm  10mm
t S1  12,59mm  13 mm
b. Thick of side ships plate in the top of waterline (LWL)

PS
tS1  18,3  n f  a   tk (mm)
 pl for L  90 m
tS 2  1,21 a  PS  k  tk (mm)
Where :
pl = 123,2 mm
1) Thick of side ships plate 0,1L dari AP (after area)
PS 1
t S 1  18,3  n f  a   tk
 pl
t S 2  1,21  a  PS1  k  t k
76,50
t S 1  18,3  1,0  0,6   1,5 t S 2  1,21  0,6  76,50  1  1,5
123,2
t S 2  7,85 mm  8 mm
t S 1  10,15 mm  11 mm
2) Thick of side ships plate 0,4L midship
14
PS 2
t S 1  18,3  n f  a   tk
 pl
t S 2  1,21  a  PS 2  k  t k
46,65
t S 1  18,3  0,1  0,825   1,5 t S 2  1,21  0,825  46,45  1  1,5
123,2
t S 2  8,3 mm  9mm
t S 1  10,79 mm  11 mm
3) Thick of side ships plate 0,05L from FP
PS 3
t S 1  18,3  n f  a   tk
 pl
t S 2  1,21  a  PS 3  k  t k
74,63 t S 2  1,21  0,6  74,63  1  1,5
t S 1  18,3  1,0  0,6   1,5
123,2
t S 2  7,77 mm  8 mm
t S 1  10,04 mm  11 mm
c) Thick of Base ship plate ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.6 Chap.B.1.2)

PB
t B1  18,3  n f  a   tk (mm)
 pf for L  90 m
t B 2  1,21 a  PB  k  tk (mm)
Where :
pf = pl
pf = 123,2 mm
1) Thick of Base ship plate 0,1L from AP
PB1
t B1  18,3  n f  a   tk
 pf
t B 2  1,21  a  PB1  k  t k
144,04 t B 2  1,21  0,6  144,04  1  1,5
t B1  18,3  0,83  0,6   1,5
123,2
t B 2  10,21 mm  11mm
t B1  11,35 mm  12 mm
2) Thick of Base ship plate 0,4L midship
15
PB 2
t B1  18,3  n f  a   tk
 pf
125,69
t B1  18,3  0,83  0,825   1,5
123,2
t B1  14,15 mm  15 mm
t B 2  1,21 a  PB 2  k  t k
t B 2  1,21 0,825  125,69  1  1,5
t B 2  12,69mm  13 mm
3) Thick of Base ship plate 0,05L from FP
PB 3
t B1  18,3  n f  a   tk
 pf
t B 2  1,21  a  PB 3  k  t k
142,90 t B 2  1,21  0,6  142,90  1  1,5
t B1  18,3  0,83  0,6   1,5
123,2
t B 2  10,17 mm  12 mm
t B1  11,31 mm  12 mm
7. Sheer strake (Sec. 6 Chap.C.3)

a. Thick of sheer strake for 0,4L midship not allowed less than side plate, not
allowed less than 10 mm.
b. Thick of sheer strake (thick of sheer strake in the out of midship same as
thick of side plate in the top of ship and cannot less than 10%. Thick of
sheer strake in 0,1L from AP (after peak) same with thick of after side
plate. Thick of sheer strake 0,5L from FP same with thick of fore side
plate.
c. Wide of sheer strake
b = 800 + 5L bmax = 1800 mm
b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)
b = 1638,7 mm
b = 1800 mm
8. Bilge Plate (BKI Vol II 2006 Sec.6 B.4)
16
d. Thick of bilge plate (is took by the highest value from highest value of base
plate or thick of side plate)
For longitudinal frame construction same with thick of load base

After area = 12 mm
midship = 13 mm
fore area = 12 mm
e. Wide of bilge plate (Sec. 6 Chap.B.4.2)
b = 800 + 5L bmax = 1800 mm
b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)
b =1638,7 mm
b = 1800 mm
9. Keel Plate (BKI Vol II 2006 Sec. 6 B.5)

f. Thick f keel plate 0,7L midship (Sec. 6 Chap.B.5.1)
tFK = t + 2,0 (mm)
Where :
t = thick of load base plate 0,4L midship
tFK = t + 2,0
tFK = 15 + 2,0
tFK = 17 mm
g. Thick of keel plate 0,15L from AP and also FP
tFK’ = 90% tFK
tFK’ = 90% x 17
tFK’ = 15,3~16 mm
h. Wide of keel plate
b = 800 + 5L
b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)
b = 1638,7 mm
b = 1800 mm
17
10. Calculation for high of double bottom

HDB = 350 + 45 B
= 350 + 45 (27,50)
= 1587,5 m
11. Calculation of watertight bulkhead ( Sec.11 Chap.1.2)
a. Calculation of water bulkhead
Calculation of watertight bulkhead distance
1. After = (5 % – 8 %) x LPP
= 5,72% x 167,74 m = 9,6 m
Fore = (5 % – 8 %) x LPP
= 5,21% x 167,74 m = 8,74 m
2. Engine Room to AP = (17 % - 22%) x LPP
= 20,03 % x167,74m
= 33,6 m
b. Amount of water bulkhead ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.11 Chap.1.2)
For length of ships that have range between 90< L  125 are have 8 bulks.
Length of ship 167,74 m is have 8 bulks
12. Strengthening in Way of Stern Frames, Propeller and Bilge Plate (sec. 6. F.1.1)
Thick of after shell plate minimum same with side shell plate midship area = 13 mm
i. Thick of Holder Propeller must be thicker :
t = 1,5 + t1
= 1,5 + 13
= 14,5 mm take 15 mm
j. Bilge plate taken by under side plate that weld water tight around, so if the
ship raech base of sea, the plate will not broken.
13. Additional Expansion in the Shell

k. Expansion for window, air circulation hole and exhaust valve sea hole, the
angles must be near / suitable with water tight construction.
18
l. On fore anchor hole, plate must be given by doubling.
14. Bulwark (Sec. 6 K)

m. High of Bulwark
Minimal High of Bulwark 1000 mm

Calcultaion of profile construction according for Rules of BKI (Biro Klasifikasi
Indonesia) 2006 Volume II.
15. Double Bottom Construction

n. Center Girder
1) High of Center Girder (Sec 8 B 2.2)
High of Center Girder not allowed less than
h = 350 + 45B hmin = 600 mm
= 350 + 45 x 27,50 h ≤1200 mm
= 1587,5 mm ≈ 1800 mm
Thick of CG nott allowed less than
 h 
t CG    1,0 k hCG  1200 mm
100 
1800 
  1,0
 100 
= 19 m
 For 0.15 L fore and after , thick of plate can less than 10 %
o. Side Girder
1) Thick of Side Girder (Sec 8 B 3)
h 1800
t SG   k  1  15mm
120 120
19
Amount of Side Girder

a) Minimal Side Girder in engine room and 0,25L from FP
b) Amount of Side Girder in other area from double bottom basicly 0.5B is:
Distance between CG-Side

Amount Side Girder
of ship
1 >4,5 m
2 >8m
3 > 10,5 m
B = 27,50 m
0,5 B = 13,75
According to the table, so amount of Side Girder that we use are 3 side girders.
2) Distance between Side Girder

Distance between SG, CG,
Amount of Side Girder
and side of ship
< 4,5 m 1 SG
<4m 2 SG
< 3,5 m 3 SG
1,8 m In engine room
SG = 3
According to the table, so distance between Side Girder, Center Girder, and side
of ship is < 3,5 m. So distance between Side Girder, Center Girder, and side of
ship
20
Load Table and Plate Thick

Plate Size (mm)
NO Part Load(kN/m²)
t
1 SHEEL
1. Side Shell under waterline
a. Fore 125,88 12
b. Midship 102,94 16
c. After 127,41 13
2. Side Shell above waterline
a. Fore 75,09 11
b. Midship 44,96 11
c. After 74,63 11
3. Sheer Strake
a. Fore 9
b. Midship 7
c. After 8
4. Load side upper deck
a. Poop Deck 30,77
b. Navigation Deck 30,30
c. Forecastle Deck 30,01
d. Boat Deck 30,50
e. Bridge 30,14
2 DECK
1. Strength Deck
a. Fore 69,56 7
b. Midship 39,59 8
c. After 43,55 8
2. Poopdeck 38,32 6
3. Forecastle deck 69,56 8
4. Boat deck 28,74 6
5. Navigation deck 18,72 5
6. Bridge 8,71 4
21
Plate Size (mm)

NO Part Load(kN/m²)
t
3 BOTTOM
1. Load Base
a. Fore 104,9 10
b. Midship 91,65 10
c. After 106,56 10
2. Keel Plate
a. Fore 12
b. Midship 16
c. After 13
3. Bilge Plate
a. Fore 12
b. Midship 13
c. After 12
22
INDEKS
LPP = Panjang kapal dari AP sampai FP

B = Lebar kapal
H = Tinggi kapal
T = Sarat kapal (tinggi kapal sampai pada garis air muat)
Cb = Koefisien Blok
PO = Koefisien gelombang
Cl = Service pelayaran
CRW = Koefisient pelayaran tak terbatas
f = Faktor probabilitas
Z = Jarak vertikal titik berat sampai pada garis dasar
CD = Faktor berdasar tabel Sec. 4 Vol. II 2006 Table 4.1
x = Jarak dari After sampai Fore
Ps = Beban sisi kapal
PB = Beban alas kapal
PDA = PD
a = Jarak gading normal
k = Faktor bahan untuk ordinary steels
tk = Faktor korosi
nf = Sistem gading
tE = Tebal pelat gading kekuatan
tS = Tebal pelat sisi
tB = Tebal pelat alas
b = Lebar deckhouse
tFK = Tebal pelat lunas
23
GLOSARIUM
1. Diktat Tugas Merancang 1

Lines Plan (Rencana Garis)
2. Teori Bangunan Kapal I dan II
Perhitungan Sheer, Chamber, Poopdeck, Forecastle deck, dan Penampang
Memanjang.
3. BKI(Biro Klasifikasi Indonesia) Vol. II tahun 2006
24
25
TABEL PEMBEBANAN PLAT

         
     
       
 
   
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
1
         
         
         
         

         
         

         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         

         
         
2
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
Ʃ1 
       




   
     
         
 
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
3
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
4
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
5
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
Ʃ 
       
6

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 

     

 
    
 
   
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
7
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
8
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
         
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Ʃ4 
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        ƩTot 2 
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10
1200 mm Plate
Side plates together with the frame is part construction of buildings on the main board
because that section has the following functions:
• Protect space ships from intruding seawater.
• Holding the forces caused by the pressure of sea water
• Together with the deck and the base useful
• for the transverse and longitudinal strength of ships;
• To withstand the local load, ie load received when the vessel was launched and a collision
with any other things.
.
Plates consist of several rows side plates. Which included side plate is a plate located between
the deck plates with plate side of the plate itself is called lane above. Plates of this lane
mounted lengthwise from bow to stern of the ship.
1
1800 mm Plate
1400 mm Plate
2
Bilge Lane Width Determination (BKI)

Bilge plate is installed on the curvature of the wings on either side of the ship bilge. Plate is
useful to reduce the rocking ship. Installation of an elongated hull bilge from ½ to 2 / 3 length
of the ship. Hull type, often made of two kinds, namely:
Bilge plate made from the plates tungggal profile. The profile used is the average bar or puffy
profiles (Bulba), Bilge plate made from a double plate with reinforcement plates knee. Bilge
hull width is limited or cultivated so as not to stick out from the maximum width of the base
line and ship. It dimasudkan to avoid conflict and kekandasan vessels. Bilge hull width is a
frequently used measure of the interpretation of 50-100 mm.
Fitting bilge settled there a variety of ways, namely: Plate fin dilaskan bilge continuous lane
on the plate, then tied bilge profile by welding. Bilge plate dilaskan on plates and given
skalop bilge lane along the hull.
Bilge settled existence can cause stress concentration in the end paid off. This would cause a
rift bilge plate. To prevent these events from the settlement of the parts cut edge and cut
cultivated sloping ends right at the knee bilge wrang or plates.
3
RESUME
I. LOAD’S CALCULATION
A. WEATHER LOAD DECK CALCULATION
A.1 Load’s deck at Afterpeak (A) 0,1 L from AP
Pd 1  443 ,55 kN / m .2
A.2.Load’s deck at Midship (M) 0,1L – 0,8L from AP
Pd 2  39 ,59 kN / m .2
A.3.Load’s deck at Forecastle (F) 0,8L – 1L from AP
Pd 3  69 ,59 kN / m .2
B. SIDE SHIP LOAD’S

1. Load side of ship under waterline
a. Side Load’s at afterpeak 0 ≤ x/L ≤ 0,2
Ps1  127 ,41 kN / m 2
b. Side load’s at 0,4L midship
Ps 2  102 ,94 kN / m 2
c. Side Load’s at forecastle 0,8 ≤ x/L ≤ 1,0
PS 3  125 ,88 kN / m 2
2. Load side of ship above waterline

a. Side Load’s at afterpeak 0 ≤ x/L ≤ 0,2
Ps1  76 ,50 kN / m 2
b. Side load’s at 0,4L midship
Ps 2  46 ,65 kN / m 2
c. Side Load’s at forecastle 0,8 ≤ x/L ≤ 1,0
PS 3  74 ,63 kN / m 2
4
C. BOTTOM SHIP LOAD’S

a) Bottom Ship Load’s at afterpeak 0 ≤ X/L ≤ 0,2
Pb1  144 ,04 kN / m 2
b) Bottom Ship Load’s at 0,6L midship
Pb2  142 ,90 kN / m 2
c) Bottom Ship Load’s at forecastle 0,8 ≤ X/L ≤ 1,0
Pb3  125 ,69 kN / m 2
D. UPPER BUILDING’S LOAD’S AND DECK

a) Load’s at poop deck
PD A1  38,32 kN / m 2
b) Load’s Boat Deck
PD A2  28,74 kN / m 2
c) Load’s at Navigations Deck
PD A3  21,78 kN / m 2
d) Load’s at Forecastle Deck

PD A 4  69 ,56 kN / m 2
e) Load’s at Bridge
PD A5  21,78 kN / m 2
II. DECK PLATE CALCULATION AND SHELL PLATE (SIDE, BOTTOM, BILGE,
and KEEL).
A) POWER DECK PLATE
1) Thick of deck plate at 0,1L from AP (Afterpeak)
t E1  6,29 mm = 7 mm
2) Thick of deck plate at 0,4L from M (Midship)
t E 2  7,78 mm = 8 mm
3) Thick of deck plate at 0,05L from FP (Forecastle)
t E 3  7,55 mm = 8 mm
B) THICK OF PLATE AT UPPER BUILDING

1) Thick of deck plate at upper building
t E  8,45 mm = 9 mm
5
2) Thick of deck plate at boat deck

t E  5,39 mm = 6 mm
3) Thick of deck plate at navigation deck
t E  4,64 mm = 5 mm
4) Thick of deck plate at forecastle deck
t E  7,55 mm = 8 mm
5)Thick of deck plate at Bridge
t E  3,64 mm = 4 mm
i. SIDE PLATE
For upper the water line
1) Thick of side plate at 0,1L dari AP
t S 2  7,85 mm = 8 mm
2) Thick of side plate at 0,4L at Midship
t S 2  8,3 mm = 9 mm
3) Thick of side plate at 0,05L dari FP
t S 2  10 ,04 mm = 11 mm
For under the water line

1) Thick of side plate at 0,1L dari AP
t s 2  9,69 mm = 10 mm
2) Thick of side plate at 0,4L at Midship
t s 2  11,62 mm = 12 mm
3) Thick of side plate at 0,05L dari FP
t s 2  9,64 mm = 10 mm
D) BOTTOM PLATE
1) Thick of bottom plate at 0,1L from AP
t B 2  10,21 mm = 11 mm
6
2) Thick of bottom plate at 0,4L Midship

t B 2  12 ,69 mm = 13 mm
3) Thick of bottom plate at 0,05L from FP
t B 2  10 ,17 mm = 11 mm
E) SHEER STRAKE
1) Sheer Strake
Generally, sheer strake at 0,4L midships can’t less from side plate, can’t less than 10
mm
2) Thick of sheer strake at outside 0,4L midship, Generally same with the thick side plate
at tip of ship but there is no more than 10%. Thick of sheer strake at 0,1L from
afterpeak same with the side plate at afterpeak. Thick of sheer strake at 0,05L from FP
same with the side plate at forepeak
3) Thick of sheer strake
b = 800 + 5L
b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)
b = 1638,7 mm (used the plate 1800 mm)
bmax = 1800 mm
F) BILGE PLATE
1) Thick of bilge plate
For longitudinal constrcution frame same with thick of side plate.
- AP = 11 mm = 12 mm
- Midship = 11,4 mm = 12 mm
- FP = 11,97 mm = 12 mm
2) Width of bilge plate (BKI Vol. II 2001 Sec. 6 Chap.B.4.2)
b = 800 + 5L
b = 800 + (5 x 167,74)
bmax = 1800 mm
7
G) KEEL PLATE
1) Thick of keel plate at 0,7L Midship
tFK = 17 mm
2) Thick of keel plate 0,15L fromAP and from FP
tFK’ = 16 mm
3) Width of keel plate
H) HEIGHT OF DOUBLE BOTTOM
HDB = 1,6 m
I) FRAME DISTANCE
1. AP : 0,6 m
2. Midship : 0,825 m
3. FP : 0,6 m
J) TOTAL OF BULKHEAD
BKI Vol. II 2001 Sec.11 Chap.1.2
For the ship with size 165 < L  185 is 8 bulkhead.
Length of ship 167,74m used 8 bulkhead
K) DISTANCE OF BULKHEAD
1. FP = 9,6 m
2. AP = 8,74 m
3. AP – ENGINE HOLD = 33,6 m
L) DISTANCE OF WEB FRAME

Distance of Web Frame is 6000 mm
N) SIDE GIRDER/SIDE DECK GIRDER CALCULATION

a) Side Girder
There is 3 side girder used after this calculation.
b) Distance Side Girder
Distance Side Girder, Center Girder, and side ship are 3,5 m.
8
THE WAY CALCULATE SHELL EXPANSION

1.Calculate of deck’s load
a. Calulate coefficient of C0 ( wave coefficient ).
b Calulate coefficient of CL (occour ship dimension).
c. Calulate coefficient of CRW ( coefficient area).
d Calulate coefficient of f ( probability factor ).
e Calulate coefficient of CD ,Cf (distribution factor )
f Calulate coefficient of Z ( point of weight)
2. Calulate Ship’s load
a. Calculate load’s dynamic base external ( P0 )
b. Calculate loads at deck ( PD ).
c. Calculate loads at cargo deck ( PL ).
d. Calculate side load under the Water line ( PS ).
e. Calculate side load up the Water line ( PS ).
f. Calculate load’s att bottom ship ( PB ).
g. Calculate load’s at upper building ( PDA ).
3. Calculate Distance of Frame
a. Calculate distance of frame at the ship ( a ).
b. Calculate the bulkhead
c. Calculate how much bulkhead in the ship
4. Calculate Thick of Plate
a. Calculate thick of deck plate ( tE ).
b. Calculate thick of side plate under water line ( tS ).
c. Calculate thick of side plate up water line ( tS ).
d. Calculate thik of bottom plate ( tB ).
e. Calculate thick of sheer strike.
f. Calculate thick of keel plate ( tFK ).
9

Cálculo de La Expansión Del Forro Del Casco

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Cálculo de La Expansión Del Forro Del Casco

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SHELL EXPANSION 2011

SHEEL EXSPANSION (Mix Framing System)

a) Load deck area 0≤x/L≤0,2 (poop of ship ) is

Pd1 = 43,55 kN/m2

Pd2 = 39,59 kN/m2

Pd3 = 69,56 kN/m2

2. Load Side of Ship ( BKI Vol II 2006 Sec.4 Chap.B.2.1.1)

1. Load Side of ship under water line (Waterline)

Ps1 = 10(9,70  3,23)  28,69  1,64  1 

Ps1 = 127,41 kN/m2

Ps2 = 10(9,70  3,23)  28,69  1  1 

Ps2 = 102,94 kN/m2

3) Load side of ship in area 0,7≤x/L≤1,0 (bow)

Ps3 = 10(9,70  3,23)  28,69  1,6  1 

Ps3 = 125,88 kN/m2

2. Load side of ship in the above of water load (water line)

3) Load side of ship to area 0,7≤x/L≤1,0 (bow)

3. Load side for upper deck building

Load side deck

Load Inner Base Load side

1) Load for Poop Deck

2) Load for Boat Deck

3) Load for Navigation Deck

4) Load for Bridge

5) Load for Forecastle Deck

4. Load base of Ship (Sec. 4 Chap.B.3)

Pb1 = 10 x 9,70 + 28,69 x 1,64

Pb3 = 10 x 9,70 + 28,69 x 1,6

c) Load Base on 0,8L midship

Pb2 = 10 x 9,70 + 28,69 x 1,0

a) Load deck of upper building and Home deck

b) For poop deck

c) For boat deck

e) Load deck in Bridge

a) Thick of strength deck plate (BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.7 Chap.A.7.1)

1) Thick of strength deck plate in 0,1L area from AP (after area)

tE1 = 1,21 x 0,6 x 43,55 x 1 + 1,5

2) Thick of strength deck plate in 0,4L area midship (middle area)

tE2 = 1,21 x 0,825 x 39,59 x 1 + 1,5

tE3 = 1,21 x 0,6 x 69,56 x1 + 1,5

tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 91,90 x 1 + 1,5

tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 38,32 x 1 + 1,5

tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 28,74 x1 + 1,5

tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 18,72 x 1 + 1,5

tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 69,56 x1 + 1,5

e. Thick of plate in Bridge

tE = 1,21 x 0,6 x 8,71 x 1 + 1,5

b) Thick of side ships plate ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec. 6 Chap.C.1.2)

1) Thick of side ships plate 0,1L from AP (after area)

2) Thick of side ships plate 0,4L midship

b. Thick of side ships plate in the top of waterline (LWL)

1) Thick of side ships plate 0,1L dari AP (after area)

2) Thick of side ships plate 0,4L midship

c) Thick of Base ship plate ( BKI Vol. II 2006 Sec.6 Chap.B.1.2)

2) Thick of Base ship plate 0,4L midship

3) Thick of Base ship plate 0,05L from FP

7. Sheer strake (Sec. 6 Chap.C.3)

8. Bilge Plate (BKI Vol II 2006 Sec.6 B.4)

For longitudinal frame construction same with thick of load base

9. Keel Plate (BKI Vol II 2006 Sec. 6 B.5)

10. Calculation for high of double bottom

13. Additional Expansion in the Shell

l. On fore anchor hole, plate must be given by doubling.