SUMMARY OF REACTIONS FROM STAAD FACTOR

JOINT DL SIDL FPLL 1.35 DL

44 678.5816 361.8597 116.288 89.15375 1.35 SIDL
65 657.1517 99.76475 2.103 1.6123 1.75 WC
86 657.1679 83.93935 10.689 8.1949 1.5 FPLL
107 678.5762 171.7324 -18.5715 -14.2382
62 678.5816 362.3997 116.2875 89.15375
83 657.1517 99.89705 2.103 1.6123
104 657.1679 83.8894 10.689 8.1949
125 678.5762 171.6865 -18.5715 -14.2382

OUTER LONGITUDINAL GIRDER

DL SIDL WC
MEMBER SF TORSION BM SF TORSION BM SF
0.9D 1.8 43 505.6668 5.14485 972.4347 190.755 50.42655 374.598 43.113
L/8 2.2365 44 437.3852 3.13875 1381.759 167.5958 23.841 534.8606 36.883
L/4 4.473 46 326.7662 2.22075 2035.693 105.9156 13.8969 764.0933 24.6925
3L/8 6.7095 48 213.4728 1.36755 2465.597 51.1866 6.70005 874.8972 15.505
L/2 8.946 50 98.85645 1.19475 2667.889 40.8267 2.4381 886.8137 6.37175

INNER LONGITUDINAL GIRDER

DL SIDL WC
MEMBER SF TORSION BM SF TORSION BM SF
0.9D 1.8 83 505.6992 5.11515 972.5252 44.25435 26.8083 103.6139 69.8775
L/8 2.2365 84 437.3919 3.1293 1381.887 35.39835 10.71765 131.0391 62.33675
L/4 4.473 86 326.7756 2.21265 2035.904 36.6768 8.2674 180.6935 44.39225
3L/8 6.7095 88 213.4796 1.3635 2465.861 34.5924 5.51205 251.0973 26.0295
L/2 8.946 90 98.8389 1.1961 2668.171 30.645 5.39865 314.4555 7.658

DL SIDL WC
MEMBER SF TORSION BM SF TORSION BM SF
END CROSS 149 48.658 1.462 26.495 31.398 11.136 63.808 5.308
150 39.559 0.003 22.17 6.524 7.522 14.06 2.447
151 48.654 1.457 26.488 1.5 4.057 10.535 4.536

DL SIDL WC
MEMBER SF TORSION BM SF TORSION BM SF
MID CROSS 203 70.004 0 81.45 56.146 0.024 190.751 6.589
204 42.198 0 81.56 4.66 0.002 187.215 3.682
205 69.998 0 81.44 50.048 0 172.613 5.195

FACTOR
 LL 70R 1.5
MEMBER SF TORSION BM SF
OUTER GI 0.9D 1.8 43 252.993 87.054 480.641 379.4895
L/8 2.2365 44 228.275 35.092 623.281 342.4125
L/4 4.473 46 183.666 23.942 918.536 275.499
3L/8 6.7095 48 137.312 15.099 1144.389 205.968
L/2 8.946 50 141.112 7.797 1294.198 211.668

FACTOR
LL 70R 1.5
MEMBER SF TORSION BM SF
INNER GIR 0.9D 1.8 83 378.591 95.525 729.46 567.8865
L/8 2.2365 84 357.986 39.198 1021.239 536.979
L/4 4.473 86 285.227 30.575 1475.916 427.8405
3L/8 6.7095 88 221.594 23.411 1749.078 332.391
L/2 8.946 90 156.117 15.359 1862.728 234.1755

FACTOR
1.5
SF
end cross 149 122.94 25.256 73.04 184.41

FACTOR
1.5
SF
mid cross 203 145.495 3.063 421.629 218.2425

LL CLASS a 2 Lane
MEMBER SF TORSION BM
OUTER GI 0.9D 1.8 43 217.302 65.931 422.317
L/8 2.2365 44 195.128 27.51 540.613
L/4 4.473 46 150.074 19.469 758.926
3L/8 6.7095 48 108.74 12.482 917.155
L/2 8.946 50 117.389 8.348 997.617
 LL CLASS a 2 Lane
MEMBER SF TORSION BM
INNER GIR 0.9D 1.8 83 330.17 61.008 645.742
L/8 2.2365 84 309.654 26.404 886.577
L/4 4.473 86 245.829 20.327 1277.761
3L/8 6.7095 88 180.691 13.932 1480.109
L/2 8.946 90 131.872 9.114 1540.511

end cross 149 102.286 18.028 97.87

mid cross 203 116.347 2.044 228.438

 FPLL 1.5 FPLL 1.15 FPLL
TORSION BM SF TORSION BM SF TORSION
8.512 87.801 66.5745 22.2675 131.9325 51.04045 17.07175 101.1483 44.383 14.845
4.07575 123.7618 59.5425 10.5585 190.0005 45.64925 8.09485 145.6671 39.695 7.039
2.457 176.5785 37.962 6.2955 274.35 29.1042 4.82655 210.335 25.308 4.197
1.26 204.4403 16.782 3.216 316.464 12.8662 2.4656 242.6224 11.188 2.144
0.3325 220.9515 14.502 1.119 321.717 11.1182 0.8579 246.6497 9.668 0.746

FPLL FPLL 1.15 FPLL

TORSION BM SF TORSION BM SF TORSION
6.62725 140.371 9.462 16.5405 14.463 7.2542 12.68105 11.0883 6.308 11.027
2.74575 201.537 12.5625 6.6975 26.499 9.63125 5.13475 20.3159 8.375 4.465
1.89525 297.3023 11.6625 4.7595 49.6965 8.94125 3.64895 38.10065 7.775 3.173
1.211 356.734 9.636 3.0345 69.3345 7.3876 2.32645 53.15645 6.424 2.023
0.3675 379.6975 7.1565 0.8685 84.585 5.48665 0.66585 64.8485 4.771 0.579

FPLL FPLL 1.15 FPLL

TORSION BM SF TORSION BM SF TORSION
1.471 5.59 12.844 4.443 25.689 9.847067 3.4063 19.6949 8.562667 2.962
1.154 1.925 1.897 3.408 3.794 1.454367 2.6128 2.908733 1.264667 2.272
1.011 6.238 5.57 2.885 9.242 4.270333 2.211833 7.085533 3.713333 1.923333

FPLL FPLL 1.15 FPLL

TORSION BM SF TORSION BM SF TORSION
0 14.49 13.723 0 49.327 10.52097 0 37.81737 9.148667 0
0 14.111 5.613 0 47.836 4.3033 0 36.67427 3.742 0
0 7.983 9.615 0 30.133 7.3715 0 23.10197 6.41 0
 LL
BM TORSION
720.9615 130.581
934.9215 52.638
1377.804 35.913
1716.584 22.6485
1941.297 11.6955

LL
BM TORSION
1094.19 143.2875
1531.859 58.797
2213.874 45.8625
2623.617 35.1165
2794.092 23.0385

LL
BM TORSION
109.56 37.884

LL
BM TORSION
632.4435 4.5945
 DL SIDL
BM SF BM TORSION SF BM TORSION
87.955 505.6668 972.4347 5.14485 284.9085 563.5473 76.0103
126.667 437.3852 1381.759 3.13875 250.128 804.2894 36.0116
182.9 326.7662 2035.693 2.22075 159.7123 1151.007 21.18045
210.976 213.4728 2465.597 1.36755 79.5578 1321.96 10.42565
214.478 98.85645 2667.889 1.19475 58.31665 1354.415 3.6285

DL SIDL
BM SF BM TORSION SF BM TORSION
9.642 505.6992 972.5252 5.11515 121.3861 255.0732 46.1166
17.666 437.3919 1381.887 3.1293 107.3664 352.892 18.59815
33.131 326.7756 2035.904 2.21265 90.0103 516.0964 13.8116
46.223 213.4796 2465.861 1.3635 68.0095 660.9878 9.0495
56.39 98.8389 2668.171 1.1961 43.78965 759.0015 6.432

DL SIDL
BM SF BM TORSION SF BM TORSION
17.126 48.658 26.495 1.462 46.55307 89.0929 16.0133
2.529333 39.559 22.17 0.003 10.42537 18.89373 11.2888
6.161333 48.654 26.488 1.457 10.30633 23.85853 7.279833

DL SIDL
BM SF BM TORSION SF BM TORSION
32.88467 70.004 81.45 0 73.25597 243.0584 0.024
31.89067 42.198 81.56 0 12.6453 238.0003 0.002
20.08867 69.998 81.44 0 62.6145 203.698 0
 DESIGN OF SUPERSTRUCTURE - ROTARY PORTION PANEL - 1 & 2
SUMMARY OF REACTIONS FROM STAAD Impact 1.19
JOINT DL SIDL FPLL
44 678.58155 361.8597 89.154 ULS
62 657.15165 99.76475 1.612 1.35 1 SELF WEIGHT
65 657.16785 83.93935 8.195 1.35
83 678.57615 171.7324 -14.238 1.75
86 678.58155 362.3997 89.154 1.15 4 FOOTPATH LL
104 657.15165 99.89705 1.612 1.5
107 657.16785 83.8894 8.195
125 678.57615 171.6865 -14.238

Summary of loads and forces from STAAD

DL SIDL
Outer Girder
SHEAR-Y MOM-Z TORSION SHEAR-Y MOM-Z TORSION
support
0.9D 505.6668 972.4347 5.14485 284.90845 563.54725 76.0103
L/8 437.38515 1381.75875 3.13875 250.128 804.28935 36.0116
L/4 326.76615 2035.69335 2.22075 159.7123 1151.0068 21.18045
3L/8 213.4728 2465.5968 1.36755 79.5578 1321.9599 10.42565
L/2 98.85645 2667.8889 1.19475 58.31665 1354.4149 3.6285
Inner Girder
support
0.9D 505.6992 972.52515 5.11515 121.38605 255.07315 46.1166
L/8 437.3919 1381.887 3.1293 107.36635 352.892 18.59815
L/4 326.7756 2035.90395 2.21265 90.0103 516.09635 13.8116
3L/8 213.47955 2465.8614 1.3635 68.0095 660.98775 9.0495
L/2 98.8389 2668.17105 1.1961 43.78965 759.0015 6.432
End Diaph 48.658 26.495 1.462 46.5530667 89.0929 16.0133
Int. Diaph 70.004 81.450 0.000 73.256 243.058 0.024

Design loads for girder

Deckslab+diaphragm SIDL LL with impact
Outer Shear Torsion Moment Shear Torsion Moment Shear Torsion
support 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.9D 505.667 5.145 972.435 284.908 76.010 563.547 379.490 130.581
L/8 437.385 3.139 1381.759 250.128 36.012 804.289 342.413 52.638
L/4 326.766 2.221 2035.693 159.712 21.180 1151.007 275.499 35.913
3L/8 213.473 1.368 2465.597 79.558 10.426 1321.960 205.968 22.649
L/2 98.856 1.195 2667.889 58.317 3.629 1354.415 211.668 11.696
Inner Girder
support 0.000 1.096 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
0.9D 505.699 1.410 972.525 121.386 46.117 255.073 567.887 143.288
L/8 437.392 1.650 1381.887 107.366 18.598 352.892 536.979 58.797
L/4 326.776 2.230 2035.904 90.010 13.812 516.096 427.841 45.863
3L/8 213.480 2.460 2465.861 68.010 9.050 660.988 332.391 35.117
L/2 98.839 2.710 2668.171 43.790 6.432 759.002 234.176 23.039

TNHD MUKESH & ASSOCIATES

 DESIGN
End OF SUPERSTRUCTURE
Diaph 48.658 - ROTARY26.495
1.462 PORTION 46.553 16.013 PANEL - 1 & 2
89.093 184.410 37.884
Int. Diaph 70.004 0.000 81.450 73.256 0.024 243.058 218.243 4.595

TNHD MUKESH & ASSOCIATES

 DESIGN OF SUPERSTRUCTURE - ROTARY PORTION PANEL - 1 & 2
###

###
1 SELF WEIGHT ###
2 SIDL ###
3 WC ###
4 FOOTPATH LL ###
5 LL ###
###
###
###
###

LL
SHEAR-Y MOM-Z TORSION
###
379.49 720.96 130.58
342.41 934.92 52.64
275.50 1377.80 35.91
205.97 1716.58 22.65
211.67 1941.30 11.70

###
567.8865 1094.19 143.2875
536.979 1531.8585 58.797
427.8405 2213.874 45.8625
332.391 2623.617 35.1165
234.1755 2794.092 23.0385
184.410 109.560 37.884
218.243 632.444 4.595

ith impact Total Forces and moments

Moment Moment Shear Torsion
0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
720.962 2256.943 1170.065 211.736
934.922 3120.970 1029.926 91.788
1377.804 4564.504 761.977 59.314
1716.584 5504.140 498.999 34.442
1941.297 5963.601 368.841 16.519

0.000 0.000 0.000 1.096

1094.190 2321.788 1194.972 190.814
1531.859 3266.638 1081.737 79.045
2213.874 4765.874 844.626 61.904
2623.617 5750.466 613.880 46.626
2794.092 6221.265 376.804 32.181

TNHD MUKESH & ASSOCIATES

DESIGN
109.560OF SUPERSTRUCTURE - ROTARY55.359
225.148 279.621 PORTION PANEL - 1 & 2
632.444 956.952 361.502 4.619

TNHD MUKESH & ASSOCIATES

 DESIGN OF R.C.C LONGITUDINAL GIRDER FOR BRIDGE

DATA
outer girder = 17.90 m
Width Of Carriageway = 9500 mm
Spacing of girders = 3000 mm
Thickness of deck slab = 250 mm (inner gird) 250 (out gird)
Thickness of wearing cou. = 65 mm
No. of girders = 4 no
Width of web at center = 325 mm
Width of web at end = 625 mm
depth of girder 1750 mm (excl slab)

Mid span Support

Width of top flange 3.000 3.250 m.
Width of bot flange 0.000 0.000 m.
Thk of top flange 0.250 0.250 m.
Thk of bot flange 0.625 0.000 m.
Web thickness 0.325 0.625 m.
Thk of top fl at web 0.250 0.250 m.
Thk of bot fl at web 0.400 0.000 m.
Depth of girder 1.750 1.750 m. 1.5 1.5
Thickness of top slab 0.000 0.000 m. Taper profile
Beff of top slab 0.000 0.000 m.
Spacing of girders 3.000
Web thickness 0.625 at distance D = 1.75 m; 0.478 m at distance L/8=

Total Loads on Member

a) Total loads including Max Loads from IRC Class Loads (incl Impact)
(Refer summary of loads from staad)
Outer girder Moment kNm Shear kN Torsion kNm
L/2 AT 8.95 m 5964 369 17
3L/8 AT 6.71 m 5504 499 34
L/4 AT 4.48 m 4565 762 59
L/8 AT 2.24 m 3121 1030 92
0.9D AT 1.80 m 2257 1170 212
inner Moment Shear Torsion
L/2 AT 9.0 m 6221 377 32
3L/8 AT 6.71 m 5750 614 47
L/4 AT 4.48 m 4766 845 62
L/8 AT 2.24 m 3267 1082 79
0.9D AT 1.80 m 2322 1195 191

P
P
CALCULATION OF MOMENTS AT DIFFERENT SECTION

LL Moments in outer girder (with impact +Torsion) (b= 325

Me = Mu + Tu/1.7*(1+b/D) Moments in intermediate girder
SECTION MOMENT SECTION MOMENT
m AT SECTION m AT SECTION
L/2 8.950 5974.9 8.950 6243.27
3L/8 6.713 5527.7 6.713 5782.35
L/4 4.475 4605.1 4.475 4808.21

Design of RC Girder
L/8 2.24 3129.8 2.238 3320.69
0.9D 1.80 2277.2 1.800 2452.27

Design of RC Girder
 Ve = Vu + Tu*1.6/b
Shear in outer girder (incl Torsion) shear in inner girder
MAX MAX
SECTION SHEAR SECTION SHEAR
m AT SECTION m AT SECTION
L/2 8.950 368.92 8.950 376.96
3L/8 6.713 499.17 6.713 614.11
L/4 4.475 762.27 4.475 844.93
L/8 2.24 1264.90 2.24 1284.09
0.9D 1.800 1712.11 1.800 1683.46

bending DESIGN OKAY

shear design okay
SUMMARY OF REINFORCEMENT PROVIDED (OUTER GIRDER)
Reinforcement Required Shear Reinforcement Required
SECTION No of bars Dia. of bars Dia. of bars Spacing
m No mm mm legs mm
L/2 8.950 24 32 12 2 200
3L/8 6.713 22 32 12 2 200
L/4 4.475 18 32 12 2 200
L/8 2.238 12 32 16 2 150
0.9D 1.800 12 32 16 2 0

bending DESIGN OKAY

shear design okay
SUMMARY OF REINFORCEMENT PROVIDED (INNER GIRDER)
Reinforcement Required Shear Reinforcement Required
SECTION No of bars Dia. of bars Dia. of bars Spacing
m No mm mm lg mm
L/2 8.950 24 32 12 2 200
3L/8 6.713 22 32 12 2 200
L/4 4.475 19 32 12 2 150
L/8 2.238 14 32 16 2 150
0.9D 1.800 14 32 16 2 100

Design of RC Girder
 250

at distance L/8= 2.24 m

1712.109

mm from 0.000

MOMENT
AT SECTION

Design of RC Girder
 AT SECTION

ement Required

ement Required

Nos.

Design of RC Girder
SUPER STRUCTURE - ULS CASE

ALL DISTANCES ARE IN M, STRESSES IN MPA, FORCES IN KN AND MOMENTS IN KNM

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE CHECK FOR MOMENT, SHEAR AND TORSION AS PER IRC:112-2011

Grade of concrete M 30 MPa

Grade of steel Fe 500 MPa

Outer Girder Inner Girder

Sectional Properties Unit
'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2
Width of Section, Bf mm 3250 3250 3250 3250 3250 3250 3250 3250
Width of Section, Bw mm 325 325 325 325 325 325 325 325
Depth of Flange, Df mm 250 250 250 250 250 250 250 250
Depth of Section, D mm 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000
Area of section (Avg) m2 1.735 1.536 1.536 1.536 1.735 1.536 1.536 1.536
Moment of Inertia m4 0.750 0.737 0.737 0.737 0.750 0.737 0.737 0.737
depth of section m m 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000 2.000

(fck) = 30
(fywk) = 500
Ten. strength of conc (fctm) = 2.60
Design yld of shear reinf fywd = 0.8*fyk/γs = 347.83
Part.mat. factor for conc (gm) = 1.50
Part. mat factor for Steel (gs) = 1.15
Ult. comp strain in the conc (єcu3) = 0.0035
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel (Es) = 200000
Mod.Elas of concrete (Ecm) = 31000
modular ratio αe (Es/Ecm) = 6.45
Ult.tensile strain in the steel (єs) = [{fywk/(gs xEs)}+0.002] = 0.0042
Coeff.of influence of the concrete strength (a) = 0.67 (.67 for cube/0.85 cylinder)
Factor (l ) = 0.80
0.8 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-33 (IRC:112-2011); 0.8-((fck-60)/500) for 60<fck<110Mpa
Factor (h) = 1.00
1.0 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-35 (IRC:112-2011); 1.0-((fck-60)/250) for 60<fck<110Mpa
.
fcd = (a*fck/gm) = 13.40
Factor Fav (hfcdl) = 10.72
Factor b = (l/2) = 0.40
sc =fcm. ((kn-n^2)/(1+(k+2)n)

DESIGN OF SECTIONS

Outer Girder Inner Girder

Description Unit
'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2
Width of staad member m 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Design Shear KN 3130 4605 5528 5975 3321 4808 5782 6243
Design Moment(Sagging) KNm 1265 762 499 369 1284 845 614 377
Design Moment(Hogging) KNm
Width of beam, Bf mm 3250 3250 3250 3250 3250 3250 3250 3250
Width of Web mm 625 625 625 625 625 625 625 625
Depth of beam, D mm 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000 2000
No of layers 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Dia of Main. Bar mm 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 25
cover to reinf. mm 40 40 75 75 40 40 40 40
Dia of Transverse bar mm 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10
deff provided 1888 1888 1853 1853 1888 1888 1888 1888
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) Mom 1 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) Mom 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Depth required dreqd = Ö(M/0.133 fck b) 712 553 447 385 718 582 496 389
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = (d*ecu3)/(es+ecu3)'mm'
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) mm 860.87 860.87 844.91 844.91 860.87 860.87 860.87 860.87

Force in compression = Force in Tension from Fig. A2-4 - rectangular Tensile Strength
Annexure A-2 P-243
fy*As hfcd * lx* b = F av
* x*b
gs

As gs * Fav * x*b
 fy
Fav As * fy
gs * X * b
M fy*As *(d-lx/2) (M=F*e) =Fav*e= hfcd * l* b *e
gs
fy*gs * Fav * x*b *(d-bx) Where e=
gs * fy

Fav * x*b *(d-bx)

By solving the the equation
bx -dx + M/Fav*b
2
0
x d-sqrt(d2-4*b*M/Fav*b)/(2*b)
d*(1-sqrt(1-4*b*M/Fav*b*d2))/(2*b)
d*(1-sqrt(1-4*b*kav))/(2*b)

Neutral axis depth (x) fy*As * gm mm

gs * hfck a * l* b

Steel required, As = gs * Fav * x*b

fy
kc (web) = 0.4*(1-sc/(k1.(h/h*).fctef)=
Minimum Reinft As,min ss = kc k fct,eff Act
ss 347.83
Sec1 Sec 2 Sec3 Sec4 Sec5 Sec6 Sec7
k (web) 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65 0.65
fct,eff = max of 2.8, fctm 2.80
Act (web) 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50 6.50
kc (web) = 0.4*(1-sc/(k1.(h/h*).fctef)= 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40
As,min 13605 13605 13605 13605 13605 13605 13605
Outer Girder Inner Girder
'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2
mm
Xu in mm for Mom 1 mm 102.2 61.1 40.6 29.9 103.8 67.8 49.1 30.0
Xu in mm for Mom 2 mm 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
IS Xu is less then the limiting Xulim Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Steel required, As for Sag Moment mm2 8192 4893 3251 2397 8320 5432 3932 2404
Check for min reinft. Reqd.
Minimum Reinf.reqd = mm2 1625 1625 1625 1625 1625 1625 1625 1625
Outer Girder Inner Girder
Check for Sagging Moment Unit
'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2
Dia of bars mm 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32
Nos Nos 12 18 22 24 14 20 22 24
Dia of bars mm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
Nos Nos 0 0 8 8 0 0 0 0
Spacing of Bars mm 125 125 125 125 150 125 125 125
Reinf provided = mm2 9651 14476 18598 20207 11259 16085 17693 19302
Reinf provided is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Neutral axis depth (x) mm 120 181 232 252 141 201 221 241
NA is Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
Ult Moment of resistance of section kNm 7718 11425 14229 15389 8965 12639 13841 15032
MR Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
6.102 14.989 28.505 41.713 6.982 14.958 22.538 39.876
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Check for Ultimate Shear Strength at Various Xn. (Vide Cl:10.3 of I.R.C:-112-2011)
MEd
VRd,c Design shear resistance of member without shear reinforcement
Design maximum shear force that can be sustained by the member by crushing of
VRd,max compression struts
VRd,s Design shear force that can be sustained by yeilding of reinforcement
Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined
Vccd compression chord
Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of inclined
Vtd tensile chord
VRd Design shear resistance of member with shear reinforcement
VRd VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd
VEd Design shear force at C/s due to external applied loads + prestressing
VNs Net shear force in web at design section
VNs VEd -Vccd -Vtd -VPd (-ve for downward; Ved is + downwards)
Outer Girder Inner Girder
Description Unit
'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2
VEd KN 3130 4605 5528 5975 3321 4808 5782 6243
VPd KN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
VNs KN 3130 4605 5528 5975 3321 4808 5782 6243
fck Mpa 30 30 30 30 30 30 30 30
fyk Mpa 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500
K 1.326 1.326 1.326 1.326 1.326 1.326 1.326 1.326
d m 1.888 1.888 1.853 1.853 1.888 1.888 1.888 1.888
bw m 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250
bwc m 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250
Asl mm2 9651 14476 18598 20207 11259 16085 17693 19302
Asc mm2 17693 17693 17693 17693 17693 17693 17693 17693
S = (Ay)c m3 1.735 1.536 1.536 1.536 1.735 1.536 1.536 1.536
I m4 0.750 0.737 0.737 0.737 0.750 0.737 0.737 0.737
scp MPA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
fywd MPA 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78
fcd MPA 13.40 13.40 13.40 13.40 13.40 13.40 13.40 13.40
fctd = fctk/gm 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
acw 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
n 0.528 0.528 0.528 0.528 0.528 0.528 0.528 0.528
r1 = 0.0016 0.0024 0.0031 0.0034 0.0018 0.0026 0.0029 0.0031
q deg 45.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0 68.0
.
For Elements not requiring shear reinforcement as per Cl. 10.3.2
VRd,c [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw d > (0.031.K^1.5.fck^0.5+0.15*scp) bw.d
VRd,c kN 1518.7 1518.7 1490.6 1490.6 1518.7 1518.7 1518.7 1518.7
0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25
Vmin kN 1589.5 1589.5 1560.1 1560.1 1589.5 1589.5 1589.5 1589.5
VRd,c (for prestress) I*bwc / s * sqrt [ (fctd)^2+k1.scp.fctd]
VRd,c kN 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
VRd,c kN 1590 1590 1560 1560 1590 1590 1590 1590
VEd, < 21701 21701 21299 21299 21701 21701 21701 21701
VEd, actual kN 3130 4605 5528 5975 3321 4808 5782 6243
Shear Reinforcement is . Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd Reqd
.
VRd,s Asw*z*fywd*cotq / s
VRd,max acw*bw*z*v1*fcd/(cotq+tanq)
VRd,max kN 19531 13567 13316 13316 13567 13567 13567 13567
rmin = . 0.00079 0.00079 0.00079 0.00079 0.00079 0.00079 0.00079 0.00079
Asw min = mm2 513 513 513 385 513 513 385 385
n1 = 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53
Asw max = 0.5*acw*n1*fcd*bw*s/(fywd)
Asw max = mm2 5288.71 5288.71 5288.71 3966.53 5288.71 5288.71 3966.53 3966.53
Asw required = mm2 417 817 1095 914 469 872 852 945
s = spacing of stirrups mm 200 200 200 150 200 200 150 150
diameter of stirrup mm 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12
No. of legs for stirrups Nos 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
diameter of stirrup mm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
No. of legs for stirrups Nos 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Asw provided mm2 1131 1131 1131 1508 1131 1131 1508 1508
Shear reinft provided Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe Safe
VRd,s kN 4177 1687 1656 2944 1687 1687 3000 3000
OKAY Check Check Check Check Check Check
Check for additional Longitudinal Steel for shear
DFtd 0.5 xVEd (cot (q) -cot (a)) a is angle of stirrups
DFtd 1564.9 930.3 1116.7 1207.0 670.8 971.3 1168.1 1261.2
(Med - MR)/ z = 3798.7 6277.0 8235.0 9008.9 4521.5 6942.6 7786.1 8626.7
Additional Steel reqd = 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
 Design Of End Diaphragm
Diaphragm is designed for two Loading Condition
1 ) Selfweight Of Diaphragm + Reaction From Superstructure ( Girders ) ( Service Condition )
2 ) Replacement Of Bearing / Superstructure supported on Jacks - ( No Live Load )

Diaphragm is spanning between 4 girders . It act as continuous beam

Diaphragm is designed for Jacking end Force During Bearing Replacement
Jacks are kept at distance mentioned below away from the face of the girder as shown in figure.

During Bearing Replacement there will be no Live Load

Hence Only Dead Loads and SIDL are considered (in KNs)
Reactions due to G4 G3 G2 G1
1) DL 502.65 486.78 486.79 502.65
2) S.I.D.L. 268.04 73.90 62.18 127.21
770.70 560.68 548.97 629.86
xxxx
Girder & Jack Positions xx ==

G4 G3 G2 G1
770.70 560.68 548.97 629.86
3 3 3

1.4800 5.52000 2.0000

J1 J2

CG of girder loads 10644.57 / 2510.20 = 4.24 m

CG of Jacks 4.24 m

Note: all the jacks will have the same force as they are connected to the same hydraulic pump.
Note: the self weight of diaphragm has been considered in the reactions of girders and hence, not taken again.

Force in the jacks = 2x P= 2510.20 KN

P= 1255.1012593 KN

M(J1) 771 x 1.480 = 1140.6318889 KNm

1141 KNM
M(g3) 771 x 3.00 - 1255.1012593 x 1.52 =
404 KNM
M(g2) 771 x 6.00 - 1255.1012593 x 4.52 +
633 KNM
M(J2) 771 x 7.00 - 1255.1012593 x 5.52 +
549 x 1.00
1258 KNM
M(g1) 771 x 9.00 - 1255 x 7.52 +
549 x 3.00 - 1255 x 2.00
-1 KNM

Design of End Diaphragm

Design Moment is Err:511 kNm

Shear is taken on right side.

S(g4)= 770.70
S(J1)= -484.40
S(g3)= 76.27
S(g2)= 625.24
S(J2)= -629.86
S(g1)= 0.00

Max Design Shear is 770.70 kN (Note: this is at the jack face or the CL of the girder. Actual shear
will be little less)
x x \+

Design of End Diaphragm

 x x \+

DESIGN LOADS During Service (KN, KNm)

SHEAR DL SIDL LIVE LOAD Total Shear with Torsion
End Diaph 48.658 46.55307 184.4 279.62106667 501.1
Mid Diaph 70.004 73.25597 218.2 361.50246667 386.1

TORSION DL SIDL LIVE LOAD Total

End Diaph 1.462 16.0 37.9 55.4
Mid Diaph 0 0.024 4.6 4.6

MOMENTSDL SIDL LIVE LOAD Total Moment with Torsion

End Diaph 26.495 89.0929 109.6 225.1479 265.9
Mid Diaph 81.45 243.0584 632.4 956.95186667 959.7

All these loads are less than or equal to the loads experienced during the jacking operations.
Hence, Provide 5-32 dia at top and 5-32 dia at bottom of end diaphragm. Provide Stirrup 2L 12@125 c/c
Hence, Provide 5-32 dia at top and 5 - 32 dia at bottom of mid diaphragm. Provide Stirrup 2L 12@125 c/c

Design of End Diaphragm

 Diaphragm

1600

400

from G1

not taken again.

404.3378 KNm

560.68 x 3.00

560.679 x 4.00 +

561 x 6.00 +

Design of End Diaphragm

of the girder. Actual shear

Design of End Diaphragm

p 2L 12@125 c/c
p 2L 12@125 c/c

Design of End Diaphragm

SUPER STRUCTURE - ULS CASE

ALL DISTANCES ARE IN M, STRESSES IN MPA, FORCES IN KN AND MOMENTS IN KNM

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE CHECK FOR MOMENT, SHEAR AND TORSION AS PER IRC:112-2011

Grade of concrete M 30 MPa

Grade of steel Fe 500 MPa

End cross girder Middle Cross girder

Sectional Properties Unit
Support Mid Support Mid
Width of Section, Bf mm 3250 3250 3250 3250
Width of Section, Bw mm 325 325 325 325
Depth of Flange, Df mm 250 250 250 250
Depth of Section, D mm 2100 2100 2100 2100
Area of section (Avg) m2 1.735 1.536 1.536 1.536
Moment of Inertia m4 0.750 0.737 0.737 0.737
depth of section m m 2.100 2.100 2.100 2.100

(fck) = 30
(fywk) = 500
Ten. strength of conc (fctm) = 2.60
Design yld of shear reinf fywd = 0.8*fyk/γs = 347.83
Part.mat. factor for conc (gm) = 1.50
Part. mat factor for Steel (gs) = 1.15
Ult. comp strain in the conc (єcu3) = 0.0035
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel (Es) = 200000
Mod.Elas of concrete (Ecm) = 31000
modular ratio αe (Es/Ecm) = 6.45
Ult.tensile strain in the steel (єs) = [{fywk/(gs xEs)}+0.002] = 0.0042
Coeff.of influence of the concrete strength (a) = 0.67 (.67 for cube/0.85 cylinder)
Factor (l ) = 0.80
0.8 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-33 (IRC:112-2011); 0.8-((fck-60)/500) for 60<fck<110Mpa
Factor (h) = 1.00
1.0 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-35 (IRC:112-2011); 1.0-((fck-60)/250) for 60<fck<110Mpa
.
fcd = (a*fck/gm) = 13.40
Factor Fav (hfcdl) = 10.72
Factor b = (l/2) = 0.40
sc =fcm. ((kn-n^2)/(1+(k+2)n)

DESIGN OF SECTIONS

End cross girder Middle Cross girder

Description Unit
Width of staad member m 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Design Shear KN 771
Design Moment(Sagging) KNm 1258
Design Moment(Hogging) KNm
Width of beam, Bf mm 400 3250 3250 3250
Depth of beam, D mm 1600 2100 2100 2100
No of layers 3 3 3 3
Dia of Main. Bar mm 25 25 25 25
cover to reinf. mm 40 40 75 75
Dia of Transverse bar mm 10 10 10 10
deff provided 1488 1988 1953 1953
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) Mom 1 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) Mom 2 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Depth required dreqd = Ö(M/0.133 fck b) 888 0 0 0
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = (d*ecu3)/(es+ecu3)'mm'
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) mm 678.43 906.48 890.52 890.52

End cross girder Middle Cross girder

Support Mid Support Mid
mm
Xu in mm for Mom 1 mm 209.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Xu in mm for Mom 2 mm 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

IS Xu is less then the limiting Xulim Safe Safe Safe Safe

Steel required, As for Sag Moment mm2 2062 0 0 0
Check for min reinft. Reqd.
Minimum Reinf.reqd = mm2 2256 1996 1996 1996
End cross girder Middle Cross girder
Check for Sagging Moment Unit
Support Mid Support Mid
Dia of bars mm 25 25 25 25
Nos Nos 10 10 10 10
Dia of bars mm 12 12 12 12
Nos Nos 0 0 8 8
Spacing of Bars mm 125 125 125 125
Reinf provided = mm2 4909 4909 5814 5814
Reinf provided is Safe Safe Safe Safe
Neutral axis depth (x) mm 498 498 589 589
NA is Safe Safe Safe Safe
Ult Moment of resistance of section kNm 2750 4189 4862 4862
MR Safe Safe Safe Safe
2.185 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!
#DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0! #DIV/0!

Check for Ultimate Shear Strength at Various Xn. (Vide Cl:10.3 of I.R.C:-112-2011)
MEd
VRd,c Design shear resistance of member without shear reinforcement
Design maximum shear force that can be sustained by the member by crushing of compression
VRd,max struts
VRd,s Design shear force that can be sustained by yeilding of reinforcement
Design value of shear component of force in compression area in case of inclined compression
Vccd chord
Design value of shear component of force in tensile reinforcement in case of inclined tensile
Vtd chord
VRd Design shear resistance of member with shear reinforcement
VRd VRd.s + Vccd + Vtd
VEd Design shear force at C/s due to external applied loads + prestressing
VNs Net shear force in web at design section
VNs VEd -Vccd -Vtd -VPd (-ve for downward; Ved is + downwards)
 End cross girder Middle Cross girder
Description Unit
Support Mid Support Mid
VEd KN 771 0 0 0
VPd KN 0 0 0 0
VNs KN 771 0 0 0
fck Mpa 30 30 30 30
fyk Mpa 500 500 500 500
K 1.367 1.367 1.367 1.367
d m 1.488 1.988 1.953 1.953
bw m 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250
bwc m 3.250 3.250 3.250 3.250
Asl mm2 4909 4909 5814 5814
Asc mm2 0 0 0 0
S = (Ay)c m3 1.822 1.612 1.612 1.612
I m4 0.750 0.737 0.737 0.737
scp MPA 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
fywd MPA 434.78 434.78 434.78 434.78
fcd MPA 13.40 13.40 13.40 13.40
fctd = fctk/gm 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3
acw 1.000 1.000 1.000 1.000
n 0.528 0.528 0.528 0.528
r1 = 0.0010 0.0008 0.0009 0.0009
q deg 45.0 68.0 68.0 68.0
.
For Elements not requiring shear reinforcement as per Cl. 10.3.2
VRd,c [0.12*K(80*r1*fck)^0.33 + 0.15scp] bw d > (0.031.K^1.5.fck^0.5+0.15*scp) bw.d
VRd,c kN 1066.6 1425.1 1400.0 1400.0
0.22 0.22 0.22 0.22
Vmin kN 1311.5 1752.3 1721.5 1721.5
VRd,c (for prestress) I*bwc / s * sqrt [ (fctd)^2+k1.scp.fctd]
VRd,c kN 0 0 0 0
VRd,c kN 1311 1752 1721 1721
VEd, < 17102 22851 22448 22448
VEd, actual kN 771 0 0 0
Shear Reinforcement is . Not Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd Not Reqd
.
VRd,s Asw*z*fywd*cotq / s
VRd,max acw*bw*z*v1*fcd/(cotq+tanq)
VRd,max kN 15392 14286 14034 14034
rmin = . 0.00079 0.00079 0.00079 0.00079
Asw min = mm2 513 513 513 513
n1 = 0.53 0.53 0.53 0.53
Asw max = 0.5*acw*n1*fcd*bw*s/(fywd)
Asw max = mm2 5288.71 5288.71 5288.71 5288.71
Asw required = mm2 0 0 0 0
s = spacing of stirrups mm 200 200 200 200
diameter of stirrup mm 12 8 8 8
No. of legs for stirrups Nos 2 1 1 1
diameter of stirrup mm 0 0 0 0
No. of legs for stirrups Nos 0 0 0 0
Asw provided mm2 1131 251 251 251
Shear reinft provided Safe Check Check Check
VRd,s kN 3292 395 388 388
OKAY OKAY OKAY OKAY
Check for additional Longitudinal Steel for shear
DFtd 0.5 xVEd (cot (q) -cot (a))
DFtd 385.3 0.0 0.0 0.0
(Med - MR)/ z = 1114.0 2342.1 2766.7 2766.7
Additional Steel reqd = 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Design of Deck Slab for 4 Girder System

Neglecting top flange effect on deck slab

Self weight of deck slab = 0.25 x 25 = 8.4375 kN

Wearing coat = 0.065 x 22 = 2.50 kN
Total load = = 10.94 kN

Since this is one way slab

Span = 3m

Max -ve BM = 10.94x3x3/10 = 9.846 kN-m/per m

Max +ve BM = 10.94x3x3/10 = 9.846 kN-m/per m

Live Load

Class A
K = 2.6
Effective width = k x(1-x/L)+bw
where bw = ( Breadth of concentrated load+2x w.c)
Assuming a 57 kN wheel at centre of the deck
Effective width= 2.6x1.5x(1-0.5/3)+0.25+2x0.062= 2.32 m
Hence effective width = (1.2+2.32)/2 = 1.762 m
Impact factor ( 4.5/(6.5+L)) 50% max = 0.474
Hence maximum wheel load with impact = 57/1.762*1.47= 47.67 kN/m
Effective width along span = 500+2(75+200) = 1.03 m
Hence UDL = 47.67 / 1.03 = 46.28 kN/m2
Maximum bending moment = 23.84x1.5-46.28x0.52x0.26 44.43 kN-m/per m

70 R Tracked

Load 350 kN
Dimensions 4750 x 850 mm
Assuming the 350 kN load at the centre of span
Effective width = 2.6x1.5x(1-0.5/3)+4.75+2x0.062= 6.82 m
Impact factor = 0.250
Maximum live load with impact 350/6.824*1.25 = 64.11 kN/m
Effective width along span = 850+2*(62+200) = 1.25 m
Hence UDL = 64.11 / 1.25 = 51.28 kN/m2
Maximum bending moment = 32.06x1.5-51.28x0.63x0.31 57.10 kN-m/per m

Hence total B.M = 9.846 + 57.10 = 66.94 kN-m/per m

For M 30 grade concrete and fe415 steel

scbc = 10 N/mm2 Modular ratio considered = 10
sst = 200 N/mm2
k = 0.333 , j = 0.889 , Q = 1.481
Depth required = Sqrt(BM/Qb) = 212.57 > 202 mm
Provided depth is insufficient

Area of steel required Ast = M/tjd = 66.94x10^6/(200x0.889x202)

= 1864.16 mm2 / per m width
Providing 16 mm bars
Spacing = 100 mm c/c
Provide 16 mm bars @ 100 c/c at top and bottom
Area of steel provided = 2010.6193 mm2 / per m width

Distribution reinforcement

Provide 2 Layers of Tor 10 @ 150 mm c/c as distribution reinforcement

SUPER STRUCTURE - ULS CASE

ALL DISTANCES ARE IN M, STRESSES IN MPA, FORCES IN KN AND MOMENTS IN KNM

ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE CHECK FOR MOMENT, SHEAR AND TORSION AS PER IRC:112-2011

Grade of C fck 30 Mpa

Grade of concrete M = 30 MPa
Grade of steel Fe = 500 MPa

Sectional Properties

No. of webs 1
Width of Section, B = 1000 mm

Depth of Section, D = 250 mm

Area of section (Avg) = 0.250 m2
Perimeter of Section = 2.500 m
Moment of Inertia = 0.001 m4
depth of section m = 0.250 m
CG of Section (bot) = 0.125 m
Z bot of section = 0.010 m3
Z top of section = 0.010 m3
Width of Section = 1.000 m
Area of Section = 0.250 m2
Moment of Inertia = 0.001 m4
depth of section = 0.250 m
CG of Section (bot) = 0.125 m
Z bot of section = 0.010 m3
Z top of girder = 0.010 m3
Z top of Composite = 0.010 m3

(fck) = 30
(fywk) = 500
Ten. strength of conc (fctm) = 2.60
Design yld of shear reinf fywd = 0.8*f = 347.83
Part.mat. factor for conc (gm) = 1.50
Part. mat factor for Steel (gs) = 1.15
Ult. comp strain in the conc (єcu3) = 0.0035
Mod.Elas of reinforcing of steel (Es = 200000
Mod.Elas of concrete (Ecm) = 31000
modular ratio αe (Es/Ecm) = 6.45
Ult.tensile strain in the steel (єs) = [{fywk/(gs xE 0.0042
Coeff.of influence of the concrete strength (a) 0.67
Factor (l ) = 0.80
0.8 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-33 (IRC:112-2011); 0.8-((fck-60)/500) for 60<fck<110Mpa
Factor (h) = 1.00
1.0 Up to fck ≤ 60Mpa,Eq.A2-35 (IRC:112-2011); 1.0-((fck-60)/250) for 60<fck<110Mpa
.
fcd = (a*fck/gm) = 13.40
Factor Fav (hfcdl) = 10.72
Factor b = (l/2) = 0.40
sc =fcm. ((kn-n^2)/(1+(k+2)n)
DESIGN OF SECTIONS

Width of staad member = 1.00 m

Design Shear = 0.00 KN
Design Moment(Sagging) = 66.94 KNm

Width of beam, Bf = 1000 mm

Depth of beam, D = 250 mm
No of layers = 1
Dia of Main. Bar = 16 mm
cover to reinf. = 40 mm
Dia of Transverse bar = 10 mm
deff provided = 192 mm
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) Mom 1 = 0.17
Kav= M/(B*D*D*fav) Mom 2 = 0.00
Depth required dreqd = Ö(M/0.133 fck = b) 130 mm
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = (d*ecu3)/(es+ecu3)'mm'
Limiting Neu axis depth (x lim) = 87.57 mm

Xu in mm for Mom = 35.1 mm

IS Xu is less then the limiting Xuli = Safe

Steel required, As for Sag Moment = 865 mm2
Main Bottom and top Reinforcement #VALUE!
Steel required, As for Mom 2 = 0 mm2
Check for min reinft. Reqd. =
Minimum Reinf.reqd = = 325 mm2
However Nos of bars required 5 Nos
Provided 5 Nos
Dia of bars = 16 mm
Nos = 10.0 Nos
Spacing of Bars = 100 mm
Dia of bars = mm
Nos = Nos
Spacing of Bars = mm
Reinf provided = = 2011 mm2
Reinf provided is = Safe
Neutral axis depth (x) = 82 mm
NA is = Safe
Ult Moment of resistance of sectio = 139 kNm
MR = Safe
Transverse Bottom Reinforcement 2.081
Minimum Reinf.reqd (IRC 112 - = 250
Cl 12.3.3) mm2
Minimum Reinf.reqd (IRC 112 -
= 402 20% of reinforcement
Cl 16.6.1.1) mm2
Dia of bars = 12 mm
Nos = 6.7 Nos
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Reinf provided = 754 mm
Reinf provided is Safe
Distribution Reinforcement (Top) 75.398
Minimum Reinf.reqd (IRC 112 - Cl = 250 mm2
Dia of bars = 12 mm
Nos = 6.7 Nos
Spacing of Bars = 150 mm
Reinf provided = 754 mm
Reinf provided is Safe
OMENTS IN KNM
AS PER IRC:112-2011
 DESIGN OF INNER GIRDER

Grade of concrete =M 30 MPa

Grade of steel = Fe415
Permissible bending stress = 10 ( From IRC:21-2000, clause 303.1)
Permissible stress in steel = 200 ( From IRC:21-2000, clause 303.2.1)
modular ratio m = 10 ( From IRC:21-2000, clause 303.1,note 1)
clear cover = 40
Neutral axis constant (n ) = 0.33
Lever arm constant ( j ) = 0.89
MR constant ( Q ) = 1.48
stress DESIGN OKAY
DESIGN OF CENTRAL SECTION shear design okay

Total design moment = 6243.3 KNm

davaliable = 2000 - 40 - 112

Assuming 4 layers of 32 dia. bar
davaliable = 1848 mm

= Moment ( sst X j X d)

= 6243.27 328533.3

= 19003.46 mm2
No. of bars/layer
Provide 24.0 nos 32 dia bar in 4 layers 6
Ast provided = 19292.16 mm2
drevised = 1848 mm
Ast required = 6243.27 / 328533.3 = 19003.46 mm2 Safe
(For checking the stress in concrete and steel analysis is done as a T beam)
As per IRC Effective flange width = 3000.00 mm

2600
250

1700

150
250
625

Assuming N.A. lies within the web

Bf X Df X( Xna - Df / 2 )

= m X Ast X( d - Xna )

Design of RC Girder
 3000 X 250 X( Xna - 250 / 2 )

= 10.00 X 19292.16 X ( 1848 - Xna )

Xna - 125 = 0.2572 X( 1848 - Xna )

Xna = 477.53 mm

Design of RC Girder
 Let scbc be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the top
of the flange.
Let scbc' be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the bottom
of the flange.

scbc scbc'
Xna = Xna - Df

scbc' = Xna - Df Xna X scbc

= 0.48 X scbc

YBAR = scbc + 2scbc' Df

scbc + scbc' 3

YBAR = 110.23 mm
Lever arm = 1737.77 mm

MR = ( scbc +scbc' ) X Bf X Df X Lever arm

2
6243.27 = 9.62E+08 X scbc
scbc = 6.49 N/mm2 < 10 N/mm2
safe
MR = sst X Ast X lever arm
6243.27 = sst X 33525421

sst = 186.22 N/mm2 < 200 N/mm2

safe
Check for stress in the bottom-most layer
sst * = 186.22 x 1454.474 = 197.6392 < 200 N/mm2
1370.47 safe

DESIGN OF SECTION AT 3L/8

Total design moment = 5782.35 KNm

davaliable = 2000 - 40 - 112

Assuming 4 layers of 32 dia. bar
davaliable = 1848 mm

Ast required = Moment sst X j X d

= 5782.35 328533.3

= 17600.5 mm2

Provide 22.0 nos 32 dia bar in 4.0 layers

Ast provided = 17684.48 mm2
drevised = 1848 mm
Ast required = 5782.35 / 328533.3 = 17600.5 mm2 Safe

2600
250

Design of RC Girder
 1700

150
250
625

Design of RC Girder
 Assuming N.A. lies within the web
Bf X Df X( Xna - Df / 2 )

= m X Ast X( d - Xna )

3000 X 250 X( Xna - 250 / 2 )

= 10.00 X 17684.48 X ( 1848 - Xna )

Xna - 125 = 0.235793 X ( 1848 - Xna )

Xna = 453.75 mm

Let scbc be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the top

of the flange.
Let scbc' be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the bottom
of the flange.

scbc scbc'
Xna = Xna - Df

scbc' = Xna - Df Xna X scbc

= 0.45 X scbc

YBAR = scbc + 2scbc' Df

scbc + scbc' 3

YBAR = 109.16 mm
Lever arm = 1738.84 mm

MR = ( scbc +scbc' ) X Bf X Df X Lever arm

2
5782.35 = 9.45E+08 X scbc

scbc = 6.12 N/mm2 < 10 N/mm2

safe
MR = sst X Ast
X LEVER ARM
5782.35 = sst X 30750528
sst = 188.04 N/mm2 < 200 N/mm2
safe
Check for stress in the bottom-most layer
sst * = 188.04 x 1478.246 = 199.3697 < 200 N/mm2
1394.25 safe

DESIGN OF SECTION AT L/4

Total design moment = 4808.21

davaliable = 2000 - 40 - 144

Assuming 5 layers of 32 dia. bar
davaliable = 1816 mm

Design of RC Girder
 Ast required = Moment sst X j X d

= 4808.21 322844.4

= 14893.26 mm2

Provide 19.0 nos 32 dia bar in 4.0 layers

Ast provided = 15272.96 mm2
drevised = 1848 mm
Ast required = 4808.21 / 328533.3 = 14635.37 mm2 Safe

Design of RC Girder
 2600
250

1700

150
250
625

Assuming N.A. lies within the web

Bf X Df X( Xna - Df / 2 )

= m X Ast X( d - Xna )

3000 X 250 X( Xna - 250 / 2 )

= 10.00 X 15272.96 X ( 1848 - Xna )

Xna - 125 = 0.203639 X ( 1848 - Xna )

Xna = 416.5082 mm

Let scbc be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the top

of the flange.
Let scbc' be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the bottom
of the flange.

scbc scbc'
Xna = Xna - Df

scbc' = Xna - Df Xna X scbc

= 0.40 X scbc

YBAR = scbc + 2scbc' Df

scbc + scbc' 3

YBAR = 107.13 mm
Lever arm = 1740.87 mm

MR = ( scbc +scbc' ) X Bf X Df X Lever arm

2
4808.21 = 9.14E+08 X scbc

scbc = 5.26 N/mm2 < 10 N/mm2

safe
MR = sst X Ast X LEVER ARM
4808.21 = sst X 26588190
sst = 180.8399 N/mm2 < 200 N/mm2

Design of RC Girder
 safe
Check for stress in the bottom-most layer
sst * = 180.84 x 1515.492 = 191.4516 < 200 N/mm2
1431.49 safe

DESIGN OF SECTION AT L/8

Total design moment = 3320.69 KNm

davaliable = 2000 - 40 - 80
Assuming 3 layers of 32 dia. bar
davaliable = 1880 mm

Design of RC Girder
 Ast required = Moment sst X j X d

= 3320.69 334222.2

= 9935.6 mm2

Provide 14.0 nos 32 dia bar in 3.0 layers

Ast provided = 11253.76 mm2
drevised = 1880 mm
Ast required = 3320.69 / 334222.2 = 9935.576 mm2 Safe

3000
250

2000

625
Assuming N.A. lies within the web
Bf X Df X( Xna - Df )/ 2

= m X Ast X( d - Xna )

3000 X 250 X( Xna - 250 / 2 )

= 10.00 X 11253.76 X ( 1880 - Xna )

Xna - 125 = 0.150 X( 1880 - Xna )

Xna = 353.98 mm

Let scbc be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the top

of the flange.
Let scbc' be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the bottom
of the flange.

scbc scbc'
Xna = Xna - Df

scbc' = Xna - Df Xna X scbc

= 0.29 X scbc

YBAR = scbc + 2scbc' Df

scbc + scbc' 3

Design of RC Girder
 YBAR = 102.25 mm
Lever arm = 1777.75 mm

MR = ( scbc +scbc' ) X Bf X Df X Lever arm

2
3320.69 = 8.62E+08 X scbc
scbc = 3.85 N/mm 2
< 10 N/mm2 safe

MR = sst X Ast X LEVER ARM

3320.69 = sst X 20006325
sst = 165.982 N/mm2 < 200 N/mm2 safe
Check for stress in the bottom-most layer
sst * = 165.98 x 1578.02 = 171.638 < 200 N/mm2
1526.02 safe

Design of RC Girder
 CALCULATION OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
A) At D from support
Total shear force V = 1683.46 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 625 mm
drevised = 1848 mm
p = 0.97 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.37 N/mm2
tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
Shear stress = V / bd = 1.458 > 0.37 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd
= 1.458 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 1256.1
Spacing = ssc X ASV X d
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 16 dia stirrups
ASV = 401.92 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 118.3 mm
Hence, Provide Minimum of 2 legged 16 dia stirrups at 100.0 mm c/c

B) At L/8 From support

Total shear force V = 1284.09 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 478 mm
drevised = 1880 mm
p = 1.25 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.45 N/mm2
Shear tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
= V / bd = 1.430 > 0.45 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd
Shear strength of concrete = 1.430 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 880.1 KN
Spacing = ssc X ASV Xd
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 16 dia stirrups
ASV = 401.92 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 171.7 mm
Hence, Provide Minimum of 2 legged 16 dia stirrups at 150.0 c/c

C) At L/4 From support

Total shear force V = 844.93 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 325 mm
drevised = 1816 mm
p = 2.59 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.57 N/mm2
Shear tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
= V / bd = 1.432 > 0.57 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd

Design of RC Girder
 Shear strength of concrete = 1.432 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 508.5 KN
Spacing = ssc X ASV X d
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 12 dia stirrups
ASV = 226.08 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 161.5 mm
Hence, Provide Minimum of 2 legged 12 dia stirrups at 150.0 c/c

Design of RC Girder
 D) At 3L/8 From support
Total shear force V = 614.11 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 325 mm
drevised = 1848 mm
p = 2.94 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.58 N/mm2
Shear tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
= V / bd = 1.022 > 0.58 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd
Shear strength of concrete = 1.022 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 265.8 KN S.F IS MINIMUM
Spacing = ssc X ASV Xd
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 12 dia stirrups
ASV = 226.08 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 314.4 mm
Hence, Provide Minimum of 2 legged 12 dia stirrups at 200.0 c/c

E ) At L/2 From support

Total shear force V = 376.96 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 325 mm
drevised = 1848 mm
p = 3.21 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.6 N/mm2
Shear tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
= V / bd = 0.628 > 0.6 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd
Shear strength of concrete = 0.628 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 16.6 KN (-ve sign shows s.f is minimum)
Spacing = ssc X ASV X d
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 12 dia stirrups
ASV = 226.08 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 5032.9 mm
Hence, Provide Minimum of 2 legged 12 dia stirrups at 200.0 c/c

Design of RC Girder
 DESIGN OF OUTER GIRDER

Grade of concrete =M 30 MPa

Grade of steel = Fe415
Permissible bending stress = 10 ( From IRC:21-2000, clause 303.1)
Permissible stress in steel = 200 ( From IRC:21-2000, clause 303.2.1)
modular ratio m = 10 ( From IRC:21-2000, clause 303.1,note 1)
clear cover = 40
Neutral axis constant (n ) = 0.33
Lever arm constant ( j ) = 0.89
MR constant ( Q ) = 1.48
stress DESIGN OKAY
DESIGN OF CENTRAL SECTION shear design okay

Total design moment = 5974.9 KNm

davaliable = 2000 - 40 - 144

Assuming 5 layers of 32 dia. bar
davaliable = 1816 mm

= Moment ( sst X j X d)

= 5974.9 322844.4

= 18507.04 mm2
No. of bars/layer
Provide 24.0 nos 32 dia bar in 4 layers 6
Ast provided = 19292.16 mm2
drevised = 1848 mm
Ast required = 5974.9 / 328533.3 = 18186.58 mm2 Safe
(For checking the stress in concrete and steel analysis is done as a T beam)
As per IRC Effective flange width = 3000 mm

3000
250

2000

150
250

625mm

Assuming N.A. lies within the web

Bf X Df X( Xna - Df / 2 )

= m X Ast X( d - Xna )

3000 X 250 X( Xna - 250 / 2 )

Design of RC Girder
 = 10.00 X 19292.16 X ( 1848 - Xna )

Xna - 125 = 0.2572 X( 1848 - Xna )

Xna = 477.53 mm

Let scbc be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the top

of the flange.
Let scbc' be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the bottom
of the flange.

Design of RC Girder
 scbc scbc'
Xna = Xna - Df

scbc' = Xna - Df Xna X scbc

= 0.48 X scbc

YBAR = scbc + 2scbc' Df

scbc + scbc' 3

YBAR = 110.23 mm
Lever arm = 1737.77 mm

MR = ( scbc +scbc' ) X Bf X Df X Lever arm

2
5974.90 = 9.62E+08 X scbc
scbc = 6.21 N/mm 2
< 10 N/mm2
safe
MR = sst X Ast X lever arm
5974.90 = sst X 33525421

sst = 178.22 N/mm2 < 200 N/mm2

safe
Check for stress in the bottom-most layer
sst * = 178.22 x 1454.474 = 189.1435 < 200 N/mm2
1370.47 safe

DESIGN OF SECTION AT 3L/8

Total design moment = 5527.69 KNm

davaliable = 2000 - 40 - 144

Assuming 5 layers of 32 dia. bar
davaliable = 1816 mm

Ast required = Moment sst X j X d

= 5527.69 322844.4

= 17121.84 mm2

Provide 22.0 nos 32 dia bar in 4.0 layers

Ast provided = 17684.48 mm2
drevised = 1848 mm
Ast required = 5527.69 / 328533.3 = 16825.36 mm2 Safe

2600
250

1700

Design of RC Girder
 150
250
625

Assuming N.A. lies within the web

Bf X Df X( Xna - Df / 2 )

= m X Ast X( d - Xna )

3000 X 250 X( Xna - 250 / 2 )

= 10.00 X 17684.48 X ( 1848 - Xna )

Xna - 125 = 0.235793 X ( 1848 - Xna )

Xna = 453.75 mm

Design of RC Girder
 Let scbc be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the top
of the flange.
Let scbc' be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the bottom
of the flange.

scbc scbc'
Xna = Xna - Df

scbc' = Xna - Df Xna X scbc

= 0.45 X scbc

YBAR = scbc + 2scbc' Df

scbc + scbc' 3

YBAR = 109.16 mm
Lever arm = 1706.84 mm

MR = ( scbc +scbc' ) X Bf X Df X Lever arm

2
5527.69 = 9.27E+08 X scbc

scbc = 5.96 N/mm2 < 10 N/mm2

safe
MR = sst X Ast
X LEVER ARM
5527.69 = sst X 30184625
sst = 183.13 N/mm2 < 200 N/mm2
safe
Check for stress in the bottom-most layer
sst * = 183.13 x 1478.246 = 194.1625 < 200 N/mm2
1394.25 safe

DESIGN OF SECTION AT L/4

Total design moment = 4605.06

davaliable = 2000 - 40 - 144

Assuming 5 layers of 32 dia. bar
davaliable = 1816 mm

Ast required = Moment sst X j X d

= 4605.06 322844.4

= 14264.04 mm2

Provide 18.0 nos 32 dia bar in 3.0 layers

Ast provided = 14469.12 mm2
drevised = 1880 mm
Ast required = 4605.06 / 334222.2 = 13778.45 mm2 Safe

Design of RC Girder
 2600
250

1700

150
250
625

Assuming N.A. lies within the web

Bf X Df X( Xna - Df / 2 )

= m X Ast X( d - Xna )

3000 X 250 X( Xna - 250 / 2 )

= 10.00 X 14469.12 X ( 1880 - Xna )

Xna - 125 = 0.192922 X ( 1880 - Xna )

Xna = 408.822 mm

Let scbc be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the top

of the flange.
Let scbc' be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the bottom
of the flange.

scbc scbc'
Xna = Xna - Df

scbc' = Xna - Df Xna X scbc

= 0.39 X scbc

YBAR = scbc + 2scbc' Df

scbc + scbc' 3

YBAR = 106.65 mm
Lever arm = 1773.35 mm

MR = ( scbc +scbc' ) X Bf X Df X Lever arm

2
4605.06 = 9.23E+08 X scbc

scbc = 4.99 N/mm2 < 10 N/mm2

safe
MR = sst X Ast X LEVER ARM
4605.06 = sst X 25658824

Design of RC Girder
 sst = 179.4729 N/mm2 < 200 N/mm2
safe
Check for stress in the bottom-most layer
sst * = 179.47 x 1523.178 = 185.8166 < 200 N/mm2
1471.18 safe

DESIGN OF SECTION AT L/8

Total design moment = 3129.77 KNm

davaliable = 2000 - 40 - 112

Assuming 4 layers of 32 dia. bar
davaliable = 1848 mm

Design of RC Girder
 Ast required = Moment sst X j X d

= 3129.77 328533.3

= 9526 mm2

Provide 12.0 nos 32 dia bar in 2.0 layers

Ast provided = 9646.08 mm2
drevised = 1880 mm
Ast required = 3129.77 / 334222.2 = 9364.34 mm2 Safe

3000
250

2000

625
Assuming N.A. lies within the web
Bf X Df X( Xna - Df )/ 2

= m X Ast X( d - Xna )

3000 X 250 X( Xna - 250 / 2 )

= 10.00 X 9646.08 X ( 1880 - Xna )

Xna - 125 = 0.129 X( 1880 - Xna )

Xna = 325.00 mm

Let scbc be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the top

of the flange.
Let scbc' be the compressive stress developed in concrete at the bottom
of the flange.

scbc scbc'
Xna = Xna - Df

scbc' = Xna - Df Xna X scbc

= 0.23 X scbc

YBAR = scbc + 2scbc' Df

scbc + scbc' 3

Design of RC Girder
 YBAR = 98.96 mm
Lever arm = 1781.04 mm

MR = ( scbc +scbc' ) X Bf X Df X Lever arm

2
3129.77 = 8.22E+08 X scbc
scbc = 3.81 N/mm 2
< 10 N/mm2 safe

MR = sst X Ast X LEVER ARM

3129.77 = sst X 17180076
sst = 182.1744 N/mm2 < 200 N/mm2 safe
Check for stress in the bottom-most layer
sst * = 182.17 x 1607.004 = 188.2664 < 200 N/mm2
1555.00 safe

Design of RC Girder
 CALCULATION OF SHEAR REINFORCEMENT
A) At D from support
Total shear force V = 1712.11 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 625 mm
drevised = 1848 mm
p = 0.84 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.37 N/mm2
tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
Shear stress = V / bd = 1.482 > 0.37 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd
= 1.482 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 1284.8
Spacing = ssc X ASV X d
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 16 dia stirrups
ASV = 401.92 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 115.6 mm
Provide 2 legged 16 dia stirrups at 0.0 c/c

B) At L/8 From support

Total shear force V = 1264.90 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 478 mm
drevised = 1848 mm
p = 1.09 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.41 N/mm2
Shear tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
= V / bd = 1.433 > 0.41 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd
Shear strength of concrete = 1.433 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 903.1 KN
Spacing = ssc X ASV Xd
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 16 dia stirrups
ASV = 401.92 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 164.5 mm
Provide 2 legged 16 dia stirrups at 150.0 c/c

C) At L/4 From support

Total shear force V = 762.27 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 325 mm
drevised = 1816 mm
p = 2.45 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.55 N/mm2
Shear tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
= V / bd = 1.292 > 0.55 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd

Design of RC Girder
 Shear strength of concrete = 1.292 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 437.7 KN
Spacing = ssc X ASV X d
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 12 dia stirrups
ASV = 226.08 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 187.6 mm
Hence Provide Minimum 2 legged 12 dia stirrups at 200.0 c/c

Design of RC Girder
 D) At 3L/8 From support
Total shear force V = 499.17 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 325 mm
drevised = 1816 mm
p = 3.00 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.58 N/mm2
Shear tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
= V / bd = 0.846 > 0.58 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd
Shear strength of concrete = 0.846 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 156.9 KN
Spacing = ssc X ASV Xd
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 12 dia stirrups
ASV = 226.08 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 523.5 mm
Hence provide minimum of 2 legged 12 dia stirrups at 200.0 c/c

E ) At L/2 From support

Total shear force V = 368.92 KN
Maximum permissible shear stress
b = 325 mm
drevised = 1848 mm
p = 3.21 %
fck = 30 N/mm2
tc = 0.6 N/mm2
Shear tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
= V / bd = 0.614 > 0.6 N/mm2 Shear reinft. reqd
Shear strength of concrete = 0.614 < 2.2 N/mm2 SAFE
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d = 8.6 KN (-VE SIGN SHOWS S.F IS MINIMUM)
Spacing = ssc X ASV X d
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 12 dia stirrups
ASV = 226.08 mm2
ssc = 200 N/mm2
Spacing of stirrups = 9758.8 mm
Hence, Provide minimum of 2 legged 12 dia stirrups at 200.0 c/c

Design of RC Girder
IDEALISATION OF STRUCTURE
NODE NUMBERS

90
91
IDEALISATION OF STRUCTURE
MEMBER NUMBERS

92
93
94
95
96
97
 Section Properties for Inner and Outer longitudianal Girders

Inner & Outer Girder End Section

Section Properties
A= 1.9352 m2
Haunch Izz = 0.763 m4
150 x
75 Ixx = 0.1553 m4

Inner & Outer Girder Mid Section

Section Properties
Haunch A= 1.5357 m2
300 x 150 Izz = 0.7371 m4
Ixx = 0.0509 m4
Y

Inner & Outer Girder Tapper Portion

Section Properties
A= 1.735 m2
Izz = 0.750 m4
Ixx = 0.103 m4

Z
 Section Properties for Intermediate longitudianal Girders-I & II

Intermediate Girder End Section

Section Properties
A= 1.8558 m2
Haunch
150 x Izz = 0.6003 m4
75 Ixx = 0.1479 m4
Y

Intermediate Girder Mid Section

Section Properties
Haunch A= 1.4621 m2
300 x 150
Izz = 0.577 m4

Y Ixx = 0.0486 m4

Intermediate Girder Tapper Portion

Section Properties
A= 1.659 m2
Izz = 0.589 m4
Ixx = 0.098 m4

Z
SUMMARY OF FORCES-LIVE LOAD

BENDING MOMENT
Sl Outer Girder-1 Outer Girder-2
LL Description
No 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2
1 70 R Wheel 23.24 41.34 3.26 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Member No 43 46 48 50
Load Case
Impact Factor 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 %
LL with impact 29.05 51.68 4.08 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
BM due to Torsion
Total BM 29.1 51.7 4.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 2 Lanes of Class A 17.85 31.06 1.69 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
Member No
Load Case
Impact Factor 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 %
LL with impact 20.52 35.70 1.94 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00
BM due to Torsion
Total BM 20.5 35.7 1.9 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
BENDING MOMENT 29.05 51.68 4.08 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00

SHEAR FORCE
Sl Outer Girder-1 Outer Girder-2
LL Description
No 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2
1 70 R Wheel 23.24 41.34 3.26 0.00 0.02 0.00 0.00 0.00
Member No
Load Case
Impact Factor 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 %
LL with impact 29.05 51.68 4.08 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.00 0.00
BM due to Torsion
Total SF 29.1 51.7 4.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
2 2 Lanes of Class A 17.85 31.06 1.69 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00
Member No
Load Case
Impact Factor 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 %
LL with impact 20.52 35.70 1.94 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00
SF due to Torsion
Total SF 20.5 35.7 1.9 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0
SHEAR FORCE 29.05 51.68 4.08 0.00 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00
TORISON
Sl Outer Girder-1 Outer Girder-2
LL Description
No 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2
1 70 R Wheel 113.58 95.78 60.36 13.73 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.00
Member No
Load Case
Impact Factor 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 % 25 %
LL with impact 141.98 119.73 75.45 17.16 8.75 8.75 8.75 8.75
2 2 Lanes of class A 87.26 61.40 43.01 10.26 6.10 6.10 6.10 6.10
Member No
Load Case
Impact Factor 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 % 14.94 %
LL with impact 100.30 70.57 49.44 11.79 7.01 7.01 7.01 7.01
SUMMARY OF FORCES

BENDING MOMENT FOR OUTER GIRDER

Sl Outer Girder-1 Outer Girder-2

LL Description
No 'd' dist L/4 3L/8 L/2 'd' dist L/4 3L/8
1 DL
Self weight 0.0 -6.9 -8.5 0.0 0.0 -4.6 -0.5

2 SIDL-1

Wearing coat 0.0 -6.9 -8.5 0.0 0.0 -4.6 -0.5

3 SIDL-2 (Except Surfacing)

CB, kerb, Hand rail, Footpah

4 LL-1
LL Footpath
5 LL-2
LL Vehicle 29.1 51.7 4.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

A Limit state of Serviceability

DL+ SIDL-1+SIDL-2+LL-2+0.75 LL-

29.1 38.0 -13.0 0.0 0.1 -9.3 -1.1
1

DL+ SIDL-1+SIDL-2+0.75 LL-2+LL-

21.8 25.0 -14.0 0.0 0.1 -9.3 -1.1
1

BM due to Torsion 0.0 -9.3 -11.6 0.0 0.0 -6.3 -0.7

Total 29.05 28.63 -24.55 0.00 0.13 -15.57 -1.82

B Ultimate Limit state

1.35 DL+1.75 SIDL-1+1.35 SIDL-2+

43.6 56.2 -20.3 0.0 0.2 -14.4 -1.7
1.5LL-2+1.15 LL-1

1.35 DL+1.75 SIDL-1+1.35 SIDL-2+

33.4 38.2 -21.7 0.0 0.1 -14.4 -1.7
1.5LL-1+1.15 LL-2

BM due to Torsion 0.0 -14.4 -17.9 0.0 0.0 -9.8 -1.1

Design Bending Moment (KN-M) 43.58 41.80 -38.25 0.00 0.19 -24.13 -2.83
Girder-2
L/2

-0.5

-0.5

0.0

-1.1

-1.1

-0.7

-1.82

-1.7

-1.7

-1.1

-2.83
 Design Of End Diaphragm
Diaphragm is designed for two Loading Condition
1 ) Selfweight Of Diaphragm + Reaction From Superstructure ( Girders ) ( Service Condition )
2 ) Replacement Of Bearing / Superstructure supported on Jacks - ( No Live Load )

Diaphragm is spanning between 4 girders . It act as continuous beam

Diaphragm is designed for Jacking end Force During Bearing Replacement
Jacks are kept at distance mentioned below away from the face of the girder as shown in figure.

During Bearing Replacement there will be no Live Load

Hence Only Dead Loads and SIDL are considered (in KNs)
Reactions due to G4 G3 G2 G1
1) DL 298.48 338.70 339.73 333.25
2) S.I.D.L. 235.72 11.03 45.37 121.50
534.20 349.73 385.10 454.75
xxxx
Girder & Jack Positions xx ==

G4 G3 G2 G1
534.20 349.73 385.10 454.75
2.6 2.6 2.6

1.6805 4.13270 1.9868

J1 J2

CG of girder loads 6458.868 / 1723.78 = 3.7469 m

CG of Jacks 3.7469 m

Note: all the jacks will have the same force as they are connected to the same hydraulic pump.
Note: the self weight of diaphragm has been considered in the reactions of girders and hence, not taken again.

Force in the jacks = 2x P= 1723.78 KN

P= 861.89 KN

M(J1) 534 x 1.681 = 897.7231 KNm

898 KNM
M(g3) 534 x 2.60 - 861.89 x 0.92 =
596 KNM
M(g2) 534 x 5.20 - 861.89 x 3.52 +
654 KNM
M(J2) 534 x 5.81 - 861.89 x 4.13 +
385 x 0.61
903 KNM
M(g1) 534 x 7.80 - 862 x 6.12 +
385 x 2.60 - 862 x 1.99
0 KNM

Design of End Diaphragm

Design Moment is Err:511 kNm

Shear is taken on right side.

S(g4)= 534.20
S(J1)= -327.69
S(g3)= 22.04
S(g2)= 407.14
S(J2)= -454.75
S(g1)= 0.00

Max Design Shear is 534.20 kN (Note: this is at the jack face or the CL of the girder. Actual shear
will be little less)

Design of End Diaphragm

Check For Moment Of Resistant

Grade Of Concrete M 30 L/D min = 2600.00 / 1300 =

Grade Of Steel Fe 415
Acc.to IRC : 21 -2000 Cl. No. 303.1
Permissible Bending Stress in Concrete scbc = 10 Mpa
Permissible Bending Stress in bending for H.Y.S.D. bars sst = 200
Modular Ratio = 10

Lever Arm for Deep beam= 0.2*(l+1.5D) for 1<L/D<2.5 = 910

0.5L for L/D <1

m x scbc 100 0.33

K = = =
m x scbc + sst 100 + 200

J = 1 - K/3 0.889 But here J = 910 /

\
Clear Cover 40 mm
Bar Dia 32 mm
deff provided = 1300 - 40 -

Steel Required = M
sst x j x d
= 903374393.0
200 x 0.889 x 1164.0
= 4365.533 mm2

Using 32 mm dia bar \ No of Bars = 6

x x

Side face reinft

Side face reinft reqd as per IS 456:2000 is 0.002 X 400
= 1040 mm2
Provide 10 dia 7 Nos. on each face

a) Check for Max Shear

Total Shear =
534.20 kN
Shear stress , t =
V ( Vide cl - 304.7.1.1 of I.R.C:-21-1987 )
Bxd
V = The design shear across the section
d = Effective depth of the section
B = Breadth of slab
...t = 534.2 x 1000 =
400 x 1164.00
Maximum Permissible Shear Stress :- ( Vide cl - 304.7.2 of I.R.C:-21-2000 )
b = 400 mm
drevised = 1164 mm
p = 1.04 %
fck = 30.00 N/mm2
tc = 0.41 N/mm2

Design of End Diaphragm

 tmax = 2.2 N/mm2
= V / bd = 1.147 > 0.41 N/mm2
= 1.147 < 2.2 N/mm2
Vsteel = V-tc*b*d 34.330 T Shear reinft. Reqd.
Spacing = ssc X ASV X d
Vst
Assuming 2 legged 12 dia stirrups
ASV = 226.08 mm 2

ssc = 200 N/mm2

Spacing of stirrups = 153.3 mm
Provide 2 legged 12 dia stirrups at 150.0 c/c

DESIGN LOADS During Service (KN, KNm)

SHEAR DL SIDL LIVE LOAD Total Shear with Torsion
End Diaph 19.93 24.03 107.3 151.21213119 293.7
Mid Diaph 15.11 15.72 214.2 245.0354802 265.1

TORSION DL SIDL LIVE LOAD Total

End Diaph 2.18 3.4 30.1 35.6
Mid Diaph 0.03 0 3.7 3.8

MOMENTSDL SIDL LIVE LOAD Total Moment with Torsion

End Diaph 6.93 51.69 126.9 185.48504703 212.9
Mid Diaph 15.84 193.77 562.7 772.31287871 774.5

All these loads are less than or equal to the loads experienced during the jacking operations.
Hence, Provide 5-32 dia at top and 6-32 dia at bottom of end diaphragm. Provide Stirrup 2L 12@150 c/c
Hence, Provide 5-32 dia at top and 5 - 32 dia at bottom of mid diaphragm. Provide Stirrup 2L 12@150 c/c

Design of End Diaphragm

 Diaphragm

1300

400

from G1

not taken again.

596.4121 KNm

349.73 x 2.60

349.730 x 3.21 +

350 x 5.20 +

Design of End Diaphragm

of the girder. Actual shear

Design of End Diaphragm

 2.000 < 2.5
Deep Beam

Mpa

mm

1300 = 0.7

96 = 1164.0

x 1300

04.7.1.1 of I.R.C:-21-1987 )

1.15 N/mm2

Design of End Diaphragm

 Shear reinft. reqd
SAFE

p 2L 12@150 c/c
p 2L 12@150 c/c

Design of End Diaphragm

7 CHECK FOR CRACK WIDTH a) Outer Girder

Concrete Grade fck = 30.00

Concrete Modulus Ec = 31000.0 N/mm2
Steel Modulus Es = 200.0 KN/mm2
Service Stage Moment = 29.05 kNm
Allowable crackwidth wadm = 0.3 mm
Section depth d = 2000 mm
Section width bt = 3250 mm
Minimum cover cmin = 40 mm
Bar spacing s = 0 mm
Bar diameter f = 32 mm
Effective depth h = 1944 mm
Area of steel As = 20207 mm2

Serviceability Limit State(SLS)

Stress Level

Moment of Inertia of
cracked section = bt*xu^3/3+m*As*(d-xu)^2
Icr = 470671195598 mm4
Stresses arestress
compressive calculated
in for Maximum bending moment
concrete ( σcc) =
Maximum tensile 0.01 < 13.40 MPa Safe
stress in steel ( σsc) = m*Ms(d-xu)/Icr
0.73 < 347.83 MPa Safe
Crack width
Maximum crack width

where spacing of
bonded
reinforcement with in
the tension zone <= 5*(C+ф/2)
<= 5*(40+32/2)
<= 280 mm
Case 1: Spacing of bonded
reinforcement with in the
tension zone <= 5*(C+ф/2)
0.00 <= 280
Coefficient based on
bond propoerties
Coefficient k1
based on = 0.8 for deformed bars
distribution of strain k2 = 0.5 for bending
Maximum crack spacing Sr,max (3.4c)+(0.425k1k2ф)/ρp.eff Eqn 12.8
= 259 mm
Ac,eff iseffective area of concrete in tension surrounding the reinforcement, of depth
hc,eff, where hceff is lesser of 2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3 or h/2.
hc,eff 140 mm or 632.6 mm or 1000
Thereforhc,eff 140 mm
Ac,eff = 455000 mm2
rr.eff = As/Ac.eff
=
= 0.04441
Case2 :the spacing of bonded reinforcement
or
No bonded reinforcement with in the tension zone > 5*(C+ф/2)
Actual Spacing = 0.00 < 280 mm

Maximum crack spacing Sr,max = 1.3 (d-XU)

= 2394.29 mm Not Applicable

Maximum of maximum cracking

spacing Sr,max = 258.52 mm

Factor dependent on the duration of the load (kt)

= 0.5
(esm-ecm) = (ssc - kt fct.eff/rr.eff (1+aerr.eff))/Es >=0.6 ssc / Es
=
= 0.73 - 0.50 2.60 x
0.04441
= -0.0001539 240000
Section is in Compression, Hence No Crack

>= 0.000002 >=0.6 σsc / Es

(esm-ecm) = -0.000154
Wk = Sr,max (esm-ecm)

= -0.040 mm < 0.3 Moderate

Section is in Compression, Hence No Crack (As per Table 12.1 of IRC-112)
Safe
 mm

1.29

Moderate
Table 12.1 of IRC-112)
 b) Outer wall

Concrete Grade fck = 30.00

Concrete Modulus Ec = 31000.0 N/mm2
Steel Modulus Es = 200.0 KN/mm2
Service Stage Moment = 951.18 kNm
Allowable crackwidth wadm = 0.3 mm
Section depth d = 2000 mm
Section width bt = 3250 mm
Minimum cover cmin = 40 mm
Bar spacing s = 0 mm
Bar diameter f = 32 mm
Effective depth h = 1944 mm
Area of steel As = 20207 mm2

Serviceability Limit State(SLS)

Stress Level

Moment of Inertia
of cracked section = bt*xu^3/3+m*As*(d-xu)^2
Icr = 469941175651 mm4
Stresses are calculated for Maximum bending moment
in concrete ( σcc) =
0.21 < 13.40 MPa Safe
stress in steel ( σsc) = m*Ms(d-xu)/Icr
24.03 < 347.83 MPa Safe
Crack width
Maximum crack width
where spacing of
bonded
reinforcement with
in the tension zone <= 5*(C+ф/2)
<= 5*(40+32/2)
<= 280 mm

Case 1: Spacing of bonded

reinforcement with in the
tension zone <= 5*(C+ф/2)
0.00 <= 280

bond propoerties k1 = 0.8 for deformed bars

k2 = 0.5 for bending
Maximum crack spacing Sr,max (3.4c)+(0.425k1k2ф)/ρp.eff Eqn 12.8
= 259 mm
Ac,eff ieffective area of concrete in tension surrounding the reinforcement, of depth
hc,eff, where hceff is lesser of 2.5(h-d), (h-x)/3 or h/2.
hc,eff 140 mm or 632.1 mm or 1000
Therefohc,eff 140 mm
Ac,eff = 455000 mm2
rr.eff = As/Ac.eff
=
= 0.04441
Case2 :the spacing of bonded reinforcement
or
No bonded reinforcement with in the tension zone > 5*(C+ф/2)
Actual Spacing = 0.00 < 280 mm

Maximum crack spacing Sr,max = 1.3 (d-XU)

= 2392.23 mm Not Applicable

Maximum of maximum cracking

spacing Sr,max = 258.52 mm

Factor dependent on the duration of the load (kt)

= 0.5
(esm-ecm) = (ssc - kt fct.eff/rr.eff (1+aerr.eff))/Es >=0.6 ssc / Es
=
= 24.03 - 0.50 2.60 x
0.04441
= -0.0000568 240000
Section is in Compression, Hence No Crack

>= 0.000060 >=0.6 σsc / Es

(esm-ecm) = -0.000057

Wk = Sr,max (esm-ecm)

= -0.015 mm < 0.3 Moderate

Section is in Compression, Hence No Crack (As per Table 12.1 of IRC-112)
Safe
 mm

1.29

Moderate
Table 12.1 of IRC-112)