MOST IMPORTANT DERIVATIONS

+ Theory(Class 12 Physics)
1 MOST IMPORTANT DERIVATIONS + Theory

Follow the following steps -

• The derivation marked bold are of more importance.

• I have written important theory topics in italics
• Treat this as a check list of all derivations and important theory for your Physics board
examination.

Best of luck!

Unit 1: Electrostatics

Pg. No of
All Derivations + Imp Theory Topics Notes of that
Particular
Chapter

- Coulomb’s law of Electrostatics (Normal Derivation & Vector Derivation F21=- 3

F12) (कूल का िनयम)
- Superposition Principal in Electric Field Intensity 7

Note: Electric Lines of force and its properties is very important 8

बल की िवद् युत लाइन और यह गु ण ब त मह पूण है
- Electric field intensity of a dipole at tan A/ Equatorial position 10

- Electric field intensity of a dipole at tan B/ Axial position 11

- Electric field intensity at any point due to an ideal dipole 12

- Force and torque acting on a dipole in an external uniform electric field 13

- Work done to rotate a dipole in external electric uniform field 14

- Gauss Theorem: It’s definition, verification and application 17

- Electric field intensity due to a thin uniformly charged infinite plane sheet 19

- Electric field intensity due to a uniformly charged spherical shell 20

- Electric Potential at a point due to a point charge 22

- Prove electric field is conservative in nature 25

- Capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor 29

- Capacitance of a single and concentric sphere 30

- Energy stored in a capacitor 31

- Series and Parallel Combination of Capacitors 33

- Effect of dielectric medium on the capacitance of parallel plate capacitor 35

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2 MOST IMPORTANT DERIVATIONS + Theory

Current Electricity
- Ohm’s Law and its derivations 1,4

- Drift velocity of free electrons & it’s relation with current I=neAvd 3

- Series and Parallel Combination of Resistances 6

- Kirchhoff’s Law and simple application (definition & numerical) 8

- Learn formulas and Practice Numerical of the following -

i) Meter Bridge, Ammeter, Voltmeter

ii) Potentiometer - Principle and Working + Numerical

Magnetic Effects of Current and Electricity

- Biot-savart’s law definition (imp) //theory 1

- Magnetic field intensity due to a straight current carrying conductor of finite length 6-7
- Magnetic field intensity due to a circular loop of current carrying conductor 8

- Magnetic field at any point on the axis of a circular loop and coil 9

- Ampere’s Circuit Law & it’s applications - i) Magnetic field due to an infinitely 9-11
long straight current carrying conductor. (ii) Magnetic field intensity at any point
inside a straight infinitely long solenoid. (iii) Toroid
- Lorentz Law and it’s properties (v.imp) // theory 12
- Motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field when the velocity is perpendicular 13
to the magnetic field
- Motion of a charged particle in a magnetic field when the velocity is not 14
perpendicular to the magnetic field.
- Cyclotron : Principle + Construction + Working 15

- Force on a Current Carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field 16

- Force on a Current Carrying Loop in a uniform magnetic field 17

- Torque acting on a current carrying loop/coil in a uniform magnetic field 18

- Moving Coil Galvanometer: Principle + Construction + Working 19

- Force b/w parallel current carrying conductors (also practice numerical) 20

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3 MOST IMPORTANT DERIVATIONS + Theory

Magnetism and Matter

- Magnetic field due to a magnetic dipole. i) at any point on the axis or at tan A 24
position. (ii) At any point on equatorial line/tan B. (iii) at any point due to a
dipole moment.
- Force and torque acting on a dipole moment in an external uniform electric 26
field
- Work done in rotating a magnetic dipole in a uniform magnetic field 27

- Terrestrial magnetism (theory + numerical) 28

- Properties of die, para and ferromagnetic substances + Magnetic Saturation (imp

theory)

Electromagnetic Induction

- Faraday’s Experiment (very imp). // theory

- Motional EMF or induced EMF (Derivations + Numerical)

- Self Inductance and Work done

- Mutual Inductance

Alternating Current

- AC Generator: Diagram, Principle, Construction and working. Derive the expression

for the induced emf and current. // (imp theory)
- Transformer: Principle, Construction, working and theory of a transformer. How is
the current affected in a transformer? What are the energy losses in a transformer?
How can they be reduced? //theory (v.imp)
- Mathematical treatment of LC-oscillations

- Conservation of energy in LC- oscillations

- Define power for an a.c circuit. Derive an expression for the average of a
series LCR-circuit connected to an a.c source. Discuss the various special
cases.
- Impedance, reactance and average power in series LCR, LR, LC or CR circuit.

- Derive an expression for the impedance of a series LCR-circuit. Use Phasor

Diagram
- Resonance condition of a series LCR-circuit. Calculate its resonant frequency

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4 MOST IMPORTANT DERIVATIONS + Theory

- The sharpness of resonance in a series resonant circuit? Find expression for Q-

factor of circuit.
- AC Circuit containing i) resistor. (ii) inductor. (iii) Capacitor //draw phasor
diagram + graph of E and I versus wt.
- The average value of a.c over one complete cycle
- The relation between the RMS value and the peak value of an alternating emf

- Relation between the effective and peak value of a.c (note:

effective=rms=virtual)
- The relation between average value and a peak value of a.c

Electromagnetic Waves

- Derivation of displacement current

- Characteristics and Properties of EM Waves

- Electromagnetic Spectrum

Ray Optics & Optical Instruments

- Reflection from Spherical Mirrors and find relation b/w f & R. 2

- Mirror formula using Concave and Convex Mirror 4-5

- Total Internal Reflection (definition + applications & numerical) (v.imp) 11

- Refraction through spherical surfaces (convex and concave) 15

- Lens Makers Formula (derivation & numerical) 17

- Refraction through a glass prism & minimum angle of deviation 21

- Scattering of light (Blue color of the sky, reddish appearance of the sun at sunrise
and sunset) // theory (imp)
- Optical Instruments (Ray Diagram & Numerical) // (guaranteed qs)

Wave Optics

- An expression for the intensity at any point on the observation screen in

Young’s double-slit experiment. Hence write the conditions for constructive
and destructive interference.
- The expression for fringe width in Young’s double-slit experiment. How
can the wavelength of monochromatic light be found by this experiment?
- Diffraction using single slit (derivation + numerical)
- Deduce an expression for (i)angular width of central maximum (ii) linear width of
central maximum (iii) linear width of a secondary maximum

Navin Kumar 9031332057

5 MOST IMPORTANT DERIVATIONS + Theory

- Polarization (derivation + numerical)

Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

- Derivation of de-Broglie relation

- Relation between threshold frequency, frequency of the incident photon and

cutoff potential
- Dual nature of radiation

- Photoelectric effect

- Hertz and Lenard’s Observation

- Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light

Note: In the following chapters the number of derivations is less but they have a significant
theory portion. These chapters are easier, simpler and scoring chapters.

Atoms
- It is a small, easy and scoring chapter. Refer to the notes uploaded on my channel.
- Do the whole chapter.
- Expression of the radius in hydrogen-like atoms

- Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum (also do numerical)

- Alpha-particle scattering experiment

Nuclei

- N=N’e-lambda t. OR State and deduce Radioactive decay law

- The relation between mean life and decay constant
- The relation between half cycle and decay constant

- The decay rate or activity of a radioactive sample.

- Mass defect (definition and numerical)

- Nuclear fission and nuclear fusion (definition & numerical) (imp)

- Binding energy per nucleon and its variation with the mass number (Definition and
Numerical Problems)

Navin Kumar 9031332057

6 MOST IMPORTANT DERIVATIONS + Theory

Electronic Devices
- Common emitter transistor amplifier

- Common base transistor amplifier

- Energy bands in conductor, semiconductors, and insulators

- Semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias

- Diode as rectifier

Communication Systems
- Frequency modulation and amplitude modulation.
- Elements of a communication system

- Propagation of electromagnetic waves in the atmosphere, sky & space wave

propagation, satellite communication
- Types of Modulation and Modulation Index

Navin Kumar 9031332057