Lambda max refers to the wavelength in the absorption spectrum

where the absorbance is maximum.

 Auxochrome is a group of atoms which will report a particular

color when attached to a chromophore but when present
alone, will fail to produce that color.

hydroxyl group (−OH), the amino group (−NH2), the aldehyde group
(−CHO)

Chromophore

a group of atoms in a chemical compound that are responsible for

the colour of the compound

various food colorings, fabric dyes (azo compounds), pH indicators

Saturated compounds have only single bonds between carbon

atoms. Unsaturated Compounds: Unsaturated compounds have
at least one double bond or triple bond between two carbon atoms

, the dielectric constant of the solvent provides a rough measure of

a solvent's polarity. Solvents with a dielectric constant of less
than 15 are generally considered to be nonpolar.

Polar solvents have large dipole moments (aka “partial charges”); they contain bonds between
atoms with very different electronegativities, such as oxygen and hydrogen. Non polar
solvents contain bonds between atoms with similar electronegativities, such as carbon and
hydrogen (think hydrocarbons, such as gasoline).Apr 27, 2012

distort Conjugation means lying in alternate position. .

Conjugated dienes are two double bonds separated by a single bond. Nonconjugated
(Isolated) Dienes are two double bonds are separated by more than one single bond.

a lone pair refers to a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom in a
covalent bond and is sometimes called an unshared pair or non-bonding pair. Lone pairs are
found in the outermost electron shell of atoms. They can be identified by using a Lewis
structure.

Heteroatom is any atom other than carbon and hydrogen. Examples: Nitrogen, sulphur,
chlorine and bromine are heteroatoms. The name and formula of two organic compounds
containing different heteroatoms are (i) chloromethane, CH3Cl, and (ii) formaldehyde HCHO.

Pulse-code modulation (PCM) is a method used to digitally represent sampled analog signals

hydroxyl, methyl, carbonyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, and sulfhydryl.