DIRECT INDIRECT SPEECH

Direct Speech (Kalimat Langsung) ialah kata-kata kalimat yang diucapkan langsung oleh si
pembicara.
Indirect Speech (Kalimat Tak Langsung) ialah kalimat yang diucapkan untuk melaporkan
kata-kata si pembicara kepada orang lain. Jadi, Indirect Speech (Reported Speech) digunakan
bila kita ingin melaporkan kata-kata atau pernyataan seseorang kepada orang lain secara tak
langsung.

Direct Indirect Speech dibagi menjadi 3 :

I. Direct Indirect Command/Imperative. ( Kalimat Perintah ).
II. Direct Indirect Statement. (Kalimat Positif & Negatif).
III. Direct Indirect Question. (Kalimat Tanya).

I. DIRECT INDIRECT COMMAND/IMPERATIVE. ( KALIMAT PERINTAH ).

Rumus Command/ Imperative:
Direct ---- Kata Kerja I/Be (selain Kata kerja)
Contoh : 1. Open the door! 2. Be patient, please! 3. You must study hard
Don’t + Kata Kerja I/Be (selain Kata Kerja)
Contoh : 1. Don’t sit beside me! 2. Don’t be jelaous with me!
3. Don’t be a lazy boy! 4. They shouldn’t play here
Contoh Direct Command/Imperative menjadi Indirect Command/Imperative :
1. Direct -----She said to her uncle, “Help me please”
Indirect ---She said to her uncle to help her.
2. Direct ---- My mother advised me,”Don’t be lazy”
Indirect ---My mother advised me not to be lazy.
3. Direct ---- He ordered me,”Don’t stand in front of me”
Indirect -- He ordered me not to stand in front of him.
4. Direct ---- Nina said to her brother,”Be diligent”
Indirect ---Nina said to her brother to be diligent.
5. Direct -----“Don’t open my book.” Sinta said
Indirect -- Sinta said to me not to open her book.
6. Direct ---- “Don’t be sad.” Mother ordered to her son.
Indirect --- Mother ordered to her son not to be sad.
7. Direct ---- You must be patient
Indirect --- My friend suggested me to be patient

Catatan :
1. Tanda baca harus dihilangkan untuk semua jenis dari direct menjadi Indirect Speech
2. Kata hubung untuk Command/Imperative kata hubungnya adalah TO yg
berarti untuk, dan NOT TO yg berarti tidak untuk.

II. DIRECT INDIRECT STATEMENT. (KALIMAT POSITIVE DAN NEGATIVE).

III. DIRECT INDIRECT QUESTION. (KALIMAT TANYA).

PERUBAHAN DIRECT MENJADI INDIRECT UNTUK JENIS STATEMENT DAN QUESTION.

Direct Indirect
Present --------------------------------------------- Past
Past Tense/Simple Past Tense ----------------- Past Perfect Tense
Modal Present ------------------------------------ Modal Past
( Can --------------------------------------------------- Could)
( Shall ------------------------------------------------- Should )
(May --------------------------------------------------- Might )
( Has to/Have to/Must ---------------------------- Had to)
Modal Past ----------------------------------------- Modal Past Perfect
( Could -------------------------------------------------- Could have )
( Should ------------------------------------------------- Should have )
( Might -------------------------------------------------- Might have )
Past Continues Tense ---------------------------- Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Kalimat Positive ----------------------------------- Kalimat Positive
Kalimat Negative ---------------------------------- Kalimat Negative
Kalimat Tanya Positive --------------------------- Kalimat Positive
Kalimat Tanya Negative -------------------------- Kalimat Negative

Catatan :
1. Dalam Direct Indirect Speech, kita harus tahu siapa yang berbicara dan
siapa yang diajak bicara dan bagaimana penyampaiannya.
2. Kata hubung dari Direct Statement ke Indirect Statement adalah That (bahwa). Kata
hubung ini bisa di pakai bisa juga tidak dipakai , sedangkan dalam Direct Question ke
Indirect Question adalah If/Whether (yg memiliki arti “apakah” ) jika pertanyaannya hanya
Dijawab dengan Yes/No, sedangakan jika pertanyaannya diawali dengan Kata Tanya ( Question
Words ), maka kata hubungnya adalah Kata Tanya itu sendiri.
3. Kata hubung untuk Command/Imperative kata hubungnya adalah TO yg
berarti untuk, dan NOT TO yg berarti tidak untuk.
4. Direct Indirect
Now --------------------------- Then
Today ------------------- ---------- That day
Tomorrow -------------- ---------- The next day/the day after/the following day.
Next ..... --------------------------- The ... after/ the following ....
Last ..... ----------------------------- The ... before/the previous ...
.... ago --------------------- ---------- .... before
Yesterday ---------------- ----------The day before
The day before yesterday ------Two days before
Here ---------------------------------There
This ----------------------------------That
These --------------------------------Those
II. Direct Indirect Statement ( Kalimat Positive dan Kalimat Negative )
Contoh :
1. Rina said to Joni, “ I will come to your house.”
Rina said to Joni that She would come to his house.
2. My mother said to her children, “ I don’t cook today.”
My mother said to her children that she didn’t cook yesterday.
3. “ I can’t speak English well ” Said Lita.
Lita said that she couldn’t speak English well.
4. Tuti said,” I am studying English”
Tuti said that she was studying English.
5. “I went to Bali with your friend,” Budi told to me
Budi told me that he had gone to Bali with my friend.
6. Tuti told me, “Sahla couldn’t come to my house”
 Tuti told me that Sahla couldn’t have come to her house.

III. Direct Indirect Question ( Kalimat Tanya )

Contoh :
1. My mother asked me, “ are you crying ?”
My mother asked me if/whether I was crying.
2. Sinta asked to Anto, “ where have you bought the novel?”
Sinta asked to Anto where Anto had bought the novel.
3. He asked his sister, “ what don’t you like?”
He asked his sister what she didn’t like.
4. They asked me, “ Do you know Tuti?”
They asked me if/whether I knew Tuti.
5. He said to his sister,”Do you like me?”
He said to his sister if/whether she liked him.
6. She asked me,”Where did you see me?”
She asked me where I had seen her.

DO THE EXERCISE
1. “Be careful on the way” He told me.
2. “Don’t play in my bedroom!” My sister shouted me.
3. He told me,” I won’t repeat it again”.
4. Mother said to my brother,” I have fed your cat”.
5. “I saw your girlfriend in a mall last night”. Amir informed to Rano.
6. The boy talked to me, “ I give a prize to your sister.”
8. “I am angry with you.” Sinta shouted to her boyfriend
9. Dina informed to me, “Doni was at home last night.”
10. The woman told to me,” He doesn’t like my style.”
11. Mira asked, "May I borrow your bicycle today, Rudi ?"
12. Budi inquired me, " were you late ?"
13. The teacher asked the student, “Do you understand”.
14. She asked me, “ Did you saw my mother yesterday?”
15. Budi said to me, "you have to study hard for the test."
16. He asked a girl, “What do you want from me?”
17. Rina asked to her brother, “Why didn’t you come to my house last night?”
18. My mother said to father, “ your cats are fighting each other”.
19. Rina asked to a boy, “ is Lita sleeping now?”
20. He asked to a girl, “ why will you marry me?”
21. My mother said to father, “ your cats are fighting each other”.
22. Ani told me, "I didn’t give her a ring."
23. He asked me, "Does your mother go to work everyday ?"
Contoh Soal DIRECT AND INDIRECT
1. Beckham : Did you know what Fingo said yesterday?
    Raul         : Of course. He said ____ the previous day.
    a. He had gone to his country            d. he went to his country
    b. he has gone to his country         e. he goes to his country
    c. he will go to his country
2. Teacher : Why was Mary absent yesterday?
    Jenifer   : What did the teacher want to know, Ferdy?
    Ferdy     : he wanted to know ____
    a. if Mary was absent            d. that Mary had been absent
    b. why Mary was absent        e. why Mary had been absent
    c. why was Mary absent
3. Mother   : Don’t be so noisy, Herman. The baby is sleeping.
    Herman  : Okay, mom.
    Rudy      : What did your mother just told you?
    Herman  : She told me ___ because the baby was sleeping.
    a. I wasn’t so noisy              d. I am very noisy
    b. not to be so noisy             e. to be not so noisy
    c. don’t be noisy
4. Doctor   : Open your mouth!
    Mother  : What did the doctor tell you?
    Son       : The doctor told me ___
    a. that I open his mouth            d. to open my mouth
    b. if I opened my mouth            e. opened my mouth
    c. to open my mouth
5. Mother : Do you want meatballs or fried chicken?
    Mother asked me ____
    a. whether I wanted meatball or fried chicken
    b. whether I want meatball or fried chicken
    c. that I wanted meatball or fried chicken
    d. that I want meatball or fried chicken
    e. if I want meatball or fried chicken
6. “Did they eat out together yesterday?”
a. He asked me if they have eaten out yesterday.
b. He asked me if they had eaten out together the day before.
c. He asked me if they eat out together the day before.
d. He asked me if they have eaten out together the day before.
e. He asked me if they ate out together yesterday
7. Don’t turn off the light now.
a. He told me don’t turn off the light at that time. b. He told me not to turn off the light at that time.
c. He told me didn’t turn off the light at that time. d. He told me didn’t turn off the light at now.
e. He told me to not turn off the light at that time.
8. What’s your passion?
a. She wanted to know what is my passion. b. She wanted to know what my passion were.
c. She wanted to know what my passion was. d. She wanted to know what was my passion.
e. She wanted to know what are my passion.
9. I begin to understand the concept of biodiversity.
a. He asked me that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
b. He wanted to know if he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
c. He said that he began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
d. He said that I began to understand the concept of biodiversity.
 e. He said that he begins to understand the concept of biodiversity.
10. Your friend has just left.
a. He told me that your friend had just left. b. He told me that my friend has just left.
c. He told me that my friend had just left. d. He told me that my friend have just left.
e. He told me that my friend would just leave
11. Can I borrow your pencil for a moment?
a. She asked me if she can borrow my pencil for a moment.
b. She asked me whether she can borrow my pencil for a moment.
c. She asked me whether she could borrow my pencil for a moment.
d. She asked me whether I could borrow her pencil for a moment.
e. She asked me that can I borrow your pencil for a moment
12. Why are you staring at my feet?
a. He asked her if she is staring at his feet. b. He asked her why she was staring at his feet.
c. He asked her why was she staring at his feet. d. He asked her why is she staring at his feet.
e.  He asked her whether she was staring at his feet.
13. The fire is hot.
a. The child said that the fire is hot. b. The child said that the fire was hot
c. The child told if the fire was hot d. The child told whether the fire is hot
e. The child said that the fire had been hot
14. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
a. He said that the sun rose in the east and sets in the west.
b. He said that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
c. He asked if the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
d. He said that the sun rise in the east and set in the west.

CHOOSE THE RIGHT ANSWER.

1. Please hold my hand at the bus stop.
A. Endah told me hold her hand at the bus stop. .
B. Endah told me held her hand at the bus stop.
C. Endah told me holds her hands at the bus stop
D. Endah told me to hold her hand at the bus stop
E. Endah told me to held her hand at the bus stop
2. "What are you doing in my bedroom?"
Rani asked her younger brother .....
A. What he was doing in her bedroom. B. if he was doing in her bedroom
C. what she is doing in his bedroom. D. whether he was doing in her bedroom
E. what she is doing in her bedroom
3. .The teacher advised us…………
A. to be careful when doing those excercises. B. be careful when doing those excercises
C. careful when doing these excercises. D. careful be when doing those excercises.
E. to careful when doing these excercises
4. "Do you know where my wallet is ?”
My father said to me ......
A. My brother asked me that I knew where his wallet is
B. My brother asked me did I know where his wallet was.
C. My brother asked me if I knew where his wallet was.
D. My brother asked me if I had knew where his wallet was.
E. My brother asked me whether I had known where his wallet is
5. .“Have I done anything to annoy you?”
A. He asked me if he has done anything to annoy me .
B. He asked me what if he has done anything to annoy me .
C. if had he done anything to annoy me .
D. He asked me if he had done anything to annoy me
E. He asked me if he has done anything to annoy me
6. “do they eat out together today ?”
My mother asked him .....
A. if they had eaten out together that day. B. whether they ate out together that day.
C. that they had eaten out together that day D. that they have eaten out together the day before.
E. if did they eat together the day before.
7. “Don’t turn on the light now.”
A. He told me didn't turn on the light at that time. B. He told me not to turn on the light at that time.
C. He told me don't turn on the light at that time. D. He told me to not turn on the light at that time
E. He told me not to turns on the light at that time.
8. “What was your passion?”
The boy asked to her girlfriend ....
A. what is your passion B. what was her passion C. What his passion was
D. what your passion was E. what her passion had been
9. "I won’t talk about my problem to you"
Sinta said to Agus ......
A. that she wouldn’t talk her problem to him B. that she won’t talk her problem to him
C. that she wouldn't talk his problem to her D. whether she wouldn't talk her problem to him
E. if would she talk her problem to him
10. "Your friends are playing chess in my house"
A. Harri told me that my friends were playing chess in his house
B. Harri asked me that my friends were playing chess in his house
C. Harri said to me if my friends was playing chess in his house
D. Harri said to me why his friends were playing chess in his house
E. Harri told me that her friends were playing chess in my house
11. " what can you do after school?"
She asked her brother ...
A. what he could do after school B. that he could do after school
C. what she could do after school D. whether he could do after school E.
E. that can you do after school
12. "Have you bought another books?"
He asked me ....
A. if I had bought another books B. whether I have bought another books
C. if had you bought another books D. that I have bought another books
E. whether she had bought another books
13. "I was very busy last night"
My uncle told that .....
A. he had been very busy that night B. had he been very busy that night
C. he has been very busy that night D. he was very busy last night
E. he had been very busy that night
14. " I understand you are very rich"
My sister said to her boyfriend ...
A. that she understood he was very rich B. that she understands he was very rich
C. that she understood he is very rich D. that he understood she was very rich
E. that she understood he has been very rich
15. " I don't go to the office today"
Amir told me ....
A. that he has gone to the office today. B. whether he hadn't gone to the office today
C. that he doesn't go to the office that day D. why he didn't go to the office that day
E. that he didn't go to the office that day
16. " I meet your mother at the bank"
Lina informed to Joko ....
A. that she met his mother at the bank B. that she meets his mother at the bank
C. he met her mother at the bank D. that she had met his mother at the bank
E. that she has met her mother at the bank
17. "He doesn't hate me because I am kind"
A. Sinta asked me that he didn't hate her because she was kind.
B. Sinta told me that he didn't hate her because she was kind.
C. Sinta said to me if he doesn't hate me because I was kind.
D. Sinta told me whether he didn't hate her because she was kind.
E. Sinta said to me that he didn't hate me because I am kind.
18. "Our earth goes around the sun 365 in a year"
My Geography teacher explained to the students .....
A. whether our earth goes around the sun 365 in a year.
B. that our earth go around the sun 365 in a year.
C. that our earth goes around the sun 365 in a year.
D. that our earth went around the sun 365 in a year.
E. if our earth has gone around the sun 365 in a year.
19. Most of the snakes have the poison
The expert explained that ......
A. most of the snakes have the poison B. most of the snakes had the poison.
C. most of the snakes has the poison D. most of the snakes have had the poison.
E. most of the snakes had had the poison
20. I gave some beef burgers to the poor people yesterday.
A. Jean said that she gives some beef burgers to the poor people yesterday.
B. Jean said that she gave some beef burgers to the poor people the day before.
C. Jean said that she has given some beef burgers to the poor people the day before.
D. Jean said that she had given some beef burgers to the poor people the day before.
E. Jean said that she had been given some beef burgers to the poor people yesterday.

Please change these following sentences into indirect speech!

1. Siti Fatimah said: “ I didn’t go to school yesterday.”
2. Aminah told Aisyah, “ I will go to your house tonight.”
3. Jatmiko said, “ Rita put my book here ”
4. Sintawati instructed to her brother , “ Don’t touch my books because I am studying.”
5. Peter said to Father: “ I can’t help you today because I am very busy”.
6. Wati said to Roni, “ I have visited your uncle’s house in Bandung.
7. Dani said to Ann, ” Be careful on the way.
8. Mother told to her son, ” I don’t like with your bad habit”
9. Teacher said to the students, “Do this exercises!”
10. She said to her friends, “ I was sick yesterday”
11. The child told to her mother, “ Lion is a wild animal”
 A B C D E
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16.
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NAMA : ........................... KELAS : .........................

TANGGAL TEST : ..........................
 CONDITIONAL CLAUSES

Definisi : Anak kalimat yang merupakan sebuah syarat.

Rumus Conditional Type I : If (Simple Present Tense),
(Present Future Tense/Modal bentuk Present)
Conditional Clauses Type I dipergunakan untuk :
1. Merencanakan sebuah cita-cita/keinginan yg belum terjadi.
2. Sebuah aturan, atau suatu keadaan yg merupakan nasehat/saran.
Contoh :
1. Jika Ibu saya tidak dirumah nanti malam, saya akan datang kerumahmu.
2. Saya akan menikah jika saya berumur 25 tahun.
3. Jika dia (w) mengundang saya ke pestanya besok malam, saya akan sangat
Bahagia.
4. Saya akan melanjutkan studi saya ke luar negeri, jika saya lulus SMA
dengan nilai2 yang baik.
5. Jika kamu datang terlambat ke sekolah, kamu akan dihukum.
6. Kamu akan ditilang jika kamu mengendarai motor tanpa memakai helem.
7. Jika kamu lapar kamu harus makan.
8. jika kamu belajar keras, kamu pasti lulus.

Contoh soal dalam multiple choice.

1. I will buy you a golden ring next week if .....
a. I have much money b. I had much money c. I have had much money
d. I will have much money c. I would have much money
2. If ...... , they will go to canteen for eating.
a. my teacher didn’t come b. my teacher isn’t coming
c. my teacher won’t come d. my teacher hasn’t come
e. my teacher doesn’t come
3. If ...... , I must be very sad.
a. she hurt me b. She broke her promise
c. She fails our plan d. she didn’t come to my house tonight
e. She would beaten you.
4. If ........ tomorrow, I will accompany you to the market.
a. I feel better b. I wasn’t busy c. I could have much time
d. my mother have been out e. my friend didn’t come
e. a and c are right