11/21/2019 Calculation of concrete creep coefficient & shrinkage strain - Eurocode 2

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Eurocode 2
Concrete creep coe cient & shrinkage strain
Description:
Calculation of concrete creep coe cient and shrinkage strain. The nal value at in nite time is
calculated as well as the development curves as a function of time
According to:
EN 1992-1-1:2004+AC2:2010 Section 3.1.4 & Annex B
Supported National
Annexes:
No Nationally De ned Parameters (NDPs) in the calculation

Input
Concrete characteristic strength fck =  30 MPa

Concrete cross-sectional area Ac =  0.4 m2

Part of cross-section perimeter exposed u =  0.5 m

to drying

Age of concrete at loading t0 =  7 days

Ambient temperature T =  20 °C

Relative humidity of ambient RH =  70 %

environment

Cement type =  Class N

Age of concrete at end of curing ts =  7 days

Results
Final creep coe cient φ(∞,t0) = 2.114
Final shrinkage strain εcs(∞,ts) = 30.35 ×10-5

Notes
1. For slab geometry with thickness t consider a typical 1.0 m wide segment with Area Ac = t * 1.0
m and perimeter exposed to drying u = 2.0 m

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11/21/2019 Calculation of concrete creep coefficient & shrinkage strain - Eurocode 2

2. When the compressive stress of concrete σc at age t0 exceeds the value 0.45fck(t0) non-linear
creep develops. The non-linear creep coe cient is obtained by multiplying the linear creep
coe cient φ(∞,t0) with the factor e1.5(kσ - 0.45) where kσ = σc / fck(t0). For more information see
EN1992-1-1 §3.1.4(4)

Charts
Creep & Shrinkage time development
(hover=value, drag=zoom, double-click=reset)

Creep coefficient
Shrinkage strain ×10-5

Details
Input Data
Concrete characteristic strength: fck = 30 MPa
Concrete cross-sectional area: Ac = 0.4 m2
Part of cross-section perimeter exposed to drying: u = 0.5 m
Age of concrete at loading: t0 = 7 days
Ambient temperature: T = 20 °C
Relative humidity of ambient environment: RH = 70 %
Cement type: = Class N
Age of concrete at end of curing: ts = 7 days

Calculation of creep coe cient

Intermediate factors
The following intermediate factors and coe cients are calculated:

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11/21/2019 Calculation of concrete creep coefficient & shrinkage strain - Eurocode 2

The notional size h0 of the cross-section is calculated as h0 = 2Ac / u = 2⋅0.400 m2 / 0.500 m =

1600 mm, as speci ed in EN1992-1-1 §3.1.4(4)
The coe cient kh depending on the notional size h0 is calculated as a function of h0 in
accordance with EN1992-1-1 Table 3.3. With linear interpolation the following value is obtained:
kh = 0.70
The coe cients α1, α2, α3 that consider the in uence of concrete strength are calculated in
accordance with EN1992-1-1 equations (B8.c) as follows: α1 = (35 MPa / fcm)0.7 = (35 MPa / 38
MPa)0.7 = 0.944, α2 = (35 MPa / fcm)0.2 = (35 MPa / 38 MPa)0.2 = 0.984, α3 = (35 MPa / fcm)0.5 = (35
MPa / 38 MPa)0.5 = 0.960
The coe cient α depends on the cement type. For cement type Class N it is speci ed in
EN1992-1-1 §B.1(2) as α = 0
The e ect of ambient temperature is taken into account by adjusting the concrete ages t and t0
in accordance with EN1992-1-1 equation (B.10)
The e ect of cement type is taken into account by adjusting the concrete age at loading t0 in
accordance with EN1992-1-1 equation (B.9)
The adjusted value of concrete age at loading t0 by taking into account both contributions of
ambient temperature and cement type is t0 = 6.987 days
The factor φRH accounts for the e ect of relative humidity. It is calculated in accordance with
EN1992-1-1 equations (B.3a), (B.3b) as φRH = 1.222
The coe cient β(fcm) allows for the e ect of concrete strength. It is calculated in accordance
with EN1992-1-1 equation (B.4) as β(fcm) = 16.8 / fcm0.5 = 16.8 / (38 MPa)0.5 = 2.725
The coe cient β(t0) allows for the e ect of concrete age at loading. It is calculated in
accordance with EN1992-1-1 equation (B.5) as β(t0) = 1 / (0.1 + t00.2) = 1 / [0.1 + (6.987 days)0.2] =
0.635
The coe cient βH depends on the relative humidity RH and the notional member size h0. It is
calculated in accordance with EN1992-1-1 equations (B.8a), (B.8b) as βH = 1439.572

Notional creep coe cient

The notional creep coe cient φ0 is calculated in accordance with EN1992-1-1 equation (B.2) as the
product:

φ0 = φRH⋅β(fcm)⋅β(t0) = 1.222⋅2.725⋅0.635 = 2.114

Time-development of creep coe cient

The time-development curve of creep coe cient φ(t,t0) as a function of time t is calculated as the
product φ(t,t0) = φ0⋅β(t,t0) in accordance with EN1992-1-1 equation (B.1), where the time-development
coe cient β(t,t0) is given by EN1992-1-1 equation (B.7) as follows:

β(t,t0) = [ (t - t0) / (βH + t - t0) ]0.3, where time t is given in days

Final creep coe cient at in nite time

The nal creep coe cient φ(∞,t0) at in nite time is obtained by setting t=∞ which corresponds to
setting β(t,t0) = 1.0 and therefore φ(∞,t0) = φ0 = 2.114.

Therefore the nal creep coe cient at in nite time is calculated as φ(∞,t0) = 2.114.

Calculation of shrinkage strain

Intermediate factors
In addition to the previous calculations the following intermediate factors and coe cients are
calculated:

The coe cients αds1 and αds2 depend on the cement type. For cement type Class N they are
speci ed in EN1992-1-1 §B.2(1) as αds1 = 4 and αds2 = 0.12
The factor βRH accounts for the e ect of relative humidity in accordance with EN1992-1-1
equation (B.12). It is calculated as βRH = 1.55⋅[1 - (RH / 100 %)3] = 1.55⋅[1 - (70.0 % / 100 %)3] =
1.018

Basic drying shrinkage strain

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11/21/2019 Calculation of concrete creep coefficient & shrinkage strain - Eurocode 2

The basic drying shrinkage εcd,0 is given in EN1992-1-1 equation (B.11). It is calculated as εcd,0 = 36.21
×10-5.

Autogenous shrinkage strain

The autogenous shrinkage strain at in nite time εca(∞) is calculated in accordance with EN1992-1-1
equation (3.12) as:

εca(∞) = 2.5⋅(fck - 10 MPa)⋅10-6 = 2.5⋅(30.00 MPa - 10 MPa)⋅10-6 = 5.00 ×10-5

Total shrinkage strain

The total shrinkage strain εcs is composed from the drying shrinkage strain εcd and the autogenous
shrinkage strain εca as speci ed in [EN1992-1-1 equation (3.8)]:

εcs = εcd + εca

Time-development of shrinkage strain

The time-development curve of the drying shrinkage strain εcd(t) as a function of time t is calculated
as the product εcd(t) = βds(t,ts)⋅kh⋅εcd,0 in accordance with EN1992-1-1 equation (3.9), where the time-
development coe cient βds(t,ts) is given by EN1992-1-1 equation (3.10):

βds(t,ts) = (t - ts) / (t) - ts + 0.04⋅h03/2)

The time-development curve of the autogenous shrinkage strain εca(t) as a function of time t is
calculated as the product εca(t) = βas(t)⋅εca(∞) in accordance with EN1992-1-1 equation (3.11), where the
time-development coe cient βas(t) is given by EN1992-1-1 equation (3.13):

βas(t) = 1 - exp(-0.2⋅t 0.5), where time t is given in days

Final shrinkage strain at in nite time

The nal total shrinkage strain εcs(∞,ts) at in nite time is obtained by setting t=∞ which corresponds
to setting βds(t,ts) = 1.0 and βas(t) = 1.0, and therefore:

εcs(∞,ts) = kh⋅εcd,0 + εca(∞) = 0.70⋅36.21 ×10-5 + 5.00 ×10-5 = 30.35 ×10-5

Therefore the nal total shrinkage strain at in nite time is calculated as εcs(∞,ts) = 30.35 ×10-5.

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