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PART - I
MASTER PLAN
CHAPTER I
INRTODUCTION
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
The Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) has an estimated hydropower generation potential
of more than 18,000 MW in its territory. The Government of Lao PDR (GoL) has a basic policy in
for the power sector which aims to acquire foreign currencies by exporting electric energy to its
neighboring countries and to improve electrification ratio of the country. This is clearly stated in the
Ministry of Industry and Handicraft’s (MIH) “Power Sector Policy Statement”.
Export of electricity has contributed to the country in its revenue since commissioning of the Nam
Ngum power station. Contributions of the energy export from Nam Ngum - Nam Leuk and Xeset
systems to Thailand were US$ 22.3 million (598GWh) in 1999, US$ 26.1 million (863GWh) in 2000,
and US$ 22.2 million (796GWh) in 2001. On the other hand, due to lack of the domestic
transmission facilities, some areas of the country should import electricity at higher rate than that for
export, US$ 7.3 million (172GWh) in 1999, US$ 5.8 million (160GWh) in 2000, and US$ 6.5 million
(183GWh).
Electrification ratio in the country is as low as 34 % as of the year 2001. On the ground that
mountainous areas account for a major part of the country and also its population density lies at the
low level, the efficient and systematic development of power transmission network in the country is
indispensable to raise the electrification ratio.
Expansion of the existing transmission system will make it possible to feed cheaper electricity
self-generated in the country and also effectively contribute to energy security, stable power supply
and increase electrification in the rural areas.
Most of the existing major transmission lines and substations have been developed for generating
projects of energy export purposes. Thus, the existing transmission networks in the country is not
adequate for providing energy to its domestic demands over the country. Recently, the World Bank
(WB) and the Asian Development Bank (ADB) are developing transmission systems in combination
with distribution networks in the northern area and the southern area. However, a master plan for the
development of a comprehensive transmission system has not been established.
The domestic electricity demand is estimated to grow at an average rate of more than 12% per annum
during the past 10 years and to exceed the present total generating capacity of 280 MW for
domestic-purpose before the year 2004. There are two (2) Independent Power Producers’ (IPP)
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plants operated as of the year 2002 for exporting purpose. According to the agreements of those
IPPs with the Government of Laos, the IPPs have their obligation to deliver energy at a specified
amount for domestic utilization. Through forming an adequate power transmission system in the
country, a part of electric energy generated by huge power stations of the IPPs would be utilized for
distribution to the domestic demand. For effective utilization of such energy and also various power
stations of the Electricite du Laos (EDL) under its development program, urgent construction of the
appropriate transmission network over the country is required.
In May 2000, GoL proposed to the Government of Japan a request for the Study on Master Plan of
Transmission Line and Substation System in the country for the domestic purpose. The Government
of Japan entrusted to examine the request to the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA).
Then, JICA discussed details of the request with officials of the Lao PDR during November 2000 and
decided to conduct the Study by the particular Team.
1.2 Objective and Scope of the Study
1.2.1 Objective of the Study
Specific objective of the Study was to formulate an optimum development plan up to the year 2020 of
the transmission lines and substations for domestic power supply over the country taking into account
the development program of EDL's power plants and efficient utilization of energy from IPPs' power
plants.
Further, transfer of knowledge and technology for the power system planning and design of the
transmission lines and substations to the counterpart personnel by the Study Team was also one of
major objectives of the Study.
1.2.2 Scope of the Study
The Study was carried out in the following areas.
- Power system for supplying power to the domestic consumption only excluding systems
for the power export and import from/to the neighboring countries.
- Transmission network above the voltage level of 115 kV that is the current standard
system voltage in the country, excluding the distribution networks.
- The study horizon year to be 2020.
The Study was accomplished in three (3) stages; the investigation stage, system study stage, and the
master plan stage. The Study activities in each stage were scheduled below:
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Table 1.2-1 Study Stage
Investigation Stage System Planning Stage Master Plan Stage

(February - June 2001) (August - September 2001) (Oct. 2001 – Sept. 2002)
・Preparatory work in Japan ・Succeeding 2nd site study ・3rd site study
・1st site study ・1st study in Japan ・2nd study in Japan
・2nd site study ・4th site study
・5th site study
・3rd study in Japan
・6th site study
・Final report
Following illustration shows the relation of each study stage.
Investigation S tage
Existing power facilities Electricity demand Power source

Various data collected forecast developm ent plan
Sys tem
Sys tem plan
Planning
Stage Design condition,
design criteria &
sys tem planning
criteria
Sys tem analysis
Mas ter Plan Stage Exam ination on

optimum system
Preliminary design & envi-
ronmental exam ination
Formulation of
the Master Plan
Preliminary design of the Cos t estimate, im plem entation

highest priority project plan & econom ic evaluation
Final Report
Figure 1.2-1 Flow of the Study
1.2.3 Study Area
The Study covered the entire area of the Lao PDR territory in accordance with TOR of the Study.
The Study was principally limited to the transmission systems to supply energy to domestic
consumption.
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Part I Master Plan
1.3 Approach and Methodology of the Study
Figure 1.2-1 shows a general work flow of the Study, on the basis of which the study team has carried
out the works and is going to accomplish all the works.
1.3.1 Investigation Stage
Through the preparatory work in Japan, 1st and 2nd site studies following activities were carried out.
(a) Preparation of inception report for the study,

(b) Explanation of the report to EDL; a Laotian counterpart authority of the study,
(c) Collection and analysis of all necessary information and data for the study,
(d) The first workshop,
(e) Examination of the existing power system and MIH/EDL’s development plans of the power
facilities in the Lao PDR,
(f) Review of electricity demand forecast up to 2020 and
(g) Field reconnaissance.
Following were the basic approach and methodology of the study team for major works in this stage.
(1) Review of Development Program of Power Stations
MIH/EDL programs its development plans of power stations consisting of the large sized plants for
export purposes by IPPs and the medium sized plants for domestic-use. In addition, MIH has a
development program of solar energy and mini-hydro power in rural areas. The team should
ascertain to EDL the certainty of individual development plan, implementation priority of
development, and indisputable output power and energy of the plant and certain commissioning year.
The team should formulate the master plan on the basis of the MIH/EDL's development program,
accordingly.
The team reviewed the study results of the JICA report for rural electrification by renewable energy in
the country and utilized the results for power supply to remote and dispersed areas, which are out of
the planned grids.
(2) Electricity Demand Forecast
There were several demand forecasts for the domestic power and energy demands projected by EDL
and other international organizations. The team reviewed those existing demand forecasts and
prepared the team’s own forecast.
The team’s forecast was prepared for each district, province and the whole country. Bases of the
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team’s forecast was population of each village, the present energy consumption, the regional and
sectoral development plans established by the Government and local authorities, and for the GOL's
electrification target to be 90 % by the year 2020.
Study on the population was conducted on the basis of 1995 national census and the data updated by
EDL in a computer.
Area-wise energy consumption was obtained from EDL’s and provincial historical records by
consumer category for analyzing growth tendency of consumption and areal particularities.
Socio-economic development plans of the region and country were examined through the
Government’s 5 years plan and other information given by MIH/EDL and the provincial authorities.
Those plans were also reflected to the team’s demand forecast.
The projected demands would be allocated into the major demand points (towns) and substations for
examination of locations for new substations or extension of the existing substations.
1.3.2 System Planning Stage
There are 7 medium and small scale power stations operated (excluding 2 IPP plants) and a number of
planned power stations to be commissioned by the year 2020 in the country. While, major demand
points are also many and dispersed over the country. Existing domestic power systems are only Nam
Ngum 1 system and Xeset 1 system. Independent high and medium voltage systems exist in towns
of Bokeo, Ken Thao, Thakhek, and Savannakhet importing energy from Thailand in addition to
medium voltage systems in Xam Nua and Bolikhamxai province, and Savannakhet province
importing energy from Vietnam. Those systems are not connected to each other and independently
operated.
For formulation of the optimum transmission system by the year 2020, examinations were carried out
for various alternative plans for further detailed study of the optimum transmission system and on
establishment of conditions and criteria for the power system planning.
(1) Principles for System Planning
Following particulars were established between EDL and the team as the technical principles of the
power systems in the country.
(a) Adequate criteria for system planning taking into account:

- future connection with the neighboring countries
- technical factors such as system voltage, transmission capacity, fluctuation of power
frequency and fault current.
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Part I Master Plan
(b) Availability of power and energy for domestic use and securing of supply reservation
- examination on development schedule of power plants having high realization
- examination on supply reservation in consideration to level of supply reliability
(c) Synthetic examination on the existing network facilities and development plans of on-going
and scheduled electrification projects as well as internationally connected transmission
system including plans of GMS and ASEAN region group taking into account:
- interconnection with the existing transmission systems in the Lao PDR
- availability of the existing distribution systems
- development program of regional distribution systems
- existing transmission systems from the existing power plants for export purpose
- development program of transmission systems from the planned power plants for export
purpose
(2) Examination on Transmission Line Routes
Locations and capacities required of new substations were determined from results of the team’s
demand forecast. Transmission lines among the existing and MIH/EDL’s planned power stations or
substations were routed on maps of 1:100,000 scale.
Locations of new substations and new transmission line routes were carefully selected in
consideration of the regional society and environmental situations, estimated distribution of UXO
(Unexploded Ordnance), geographical and geological conditions along the routes, and others.
(3) System Analysis
The system analysis was carried out to various alternatives for routes, voltages and conductors of each
planned line section by computer program of PSS/E (Power System Simulator for Engineering). The
analysis by the PSS/E was conducted to power flow, voltage fluctuation, fault current, and system
stability.
1.3.3 Master Plan Study Stage
During this study stage, following activities were accomplished.
(a) Formulation of optimum transmission system for domestic supply in the country
(b) Selection of the highest priority project to be realized
(c) Preliminary design of transmission line and substation of the highest priority project
The optimum transmission system was formulated taking into account results of the system analyses,
preliminary design of facilities, construction costs estimated on the basis of the preliminary design,
environmental examination, and project evaluation with reference to selection criteria agreed between
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EDL and the team.
Following are the major methodologies, which the Team would apply for formulation of the optimum
transmission system in Lao PDR.
(1) Alteration of Development Program for New Power Stations
In case the development program of MIH/EDL would not ascertain, the team conducted sensitivity
analyses for development program.
To promptly cope with such alterations in the future by MIH/EDL itself, the team has trained EDL
staffs to effective utilization of PSS/E program (provided by JICA) through an intensive seminar in
July-August 2001 and on-the-job-training during the Team’s analyses in Laos.
(2) General Design of Facilities
The design conditions and criteria for transmission lines and substations should be set up following
the present EDL practices and also the recommendations to be made by the JICA team for the Electric
Power Technical Standard Establishment (STEP).
(3) Construction Cost and Implementation Schedule
Construction costs and implementation schedules were estimated by the team referring to the costs
and schedules of similar projects implemented under assistance of IDA/ADB and those of IPP projects
together with information held by the team. Thus, the costs were for ICB (International Competitive
Bidding). Although TOR of this study excludes the study of distribution networks, the team
examined the tentative development/reinforcement program and cost estimates of the distribution
networks from the planned new HV substations for the comprehensive study of domestic power
systems.
(4) Project Evaluation
The team conducted the comprehensive evaluation of the formulated optimum transmission system by
IRR (Internal Rate of Return) method including projects in progress and MV/LV distribution networks,
although the study on distribution network is out of the study scope for the team. Total investment
for the project was obtained from the cost estimates stated in the above (3) adding the costs for O & M
of the invested project facilities, and the annual disbursement schedule was prepared in accordance
with the project schedule. Since actual O & M costs of EDL was not clear, the cost was estimated by
applying generally recognized percentages to the investment for the facilities. Benefit from the
investment is incremented energy sales by the facilities constructed under the project. Since the
present unit costs for generation, transmission and distribution of EDL have not been accounted, value
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Part I Master Plan
of people’s “Willingness to Pay (WTP)” for electricity used in the project analysis by the ADB and
others was applied for the evaluation as the unit rate of sold energy. Value of the WTP having been
used in the Lao PDR is deemed adequate, since it is same as the value that the team was informed
during its site investigation by local authorities.
(5) Environmental Examination
The team examined environmental conditions of the planned systems in reference to the
environmental protection law that have been prepared under the ADB’s assistance and other
particulars internationally adopted for construction and operation of the transmission lines and
substations. There is a particular situation for the UXO in Lao PDR for which special measures are
required for their clearance. Costs for investigating and removal of the UXO were included in the
construction costs.
(6) Selection Criteria of the Highest Priority Project
The criteria for selection of the highest priority project in the formulated master plan were determined
through discussions with EDL. Major items considered for the criteria were as below:
(a) high ranking project required from the viewpoint of national and regional development plans,
(b) an order of beneficiaries and contribution to basic human needs,
(c) contribution to saving of energy import,
(d) environmental circumstance and conditions of UXO, and
(e) efficiency of investment.
1.4 The Study Team and Counterpart Staffs
The following experts and EDL’s counterpart staffs executed the Study.
Table 1.4-1 The Study Team and Counterpart Staffs
Job Title JICA Study Team EDL staff

1. Team Leader/System Management Plan K. Nakajima D. Phonekeo
2. Demand Forecast / Power Source Plan T. Sakuma K. Souriyadeth
3. System Plan and System Analysis T. Horiuchi B. Bouttavong
4. Transmission Line Plan/ Route Selection/ Environment S. Hirano V. Visounnarath
5. Transmission Line Facility Design / Cost Estimate M. Ogawa B. Keovilayvanh
6. Substation Plan / Facility Design J. Fukunaga C. Phommanivong
7. Economic and Financial Analysis M. Iqbal K. Myxayphonh
8. Team Coordinator K. Kitamura -
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1.5 Schedule and Progress of the Study
The original study schedule and actual progress till the completion in September 2002 were exhibited
in Figure 1.5-1. The progress of the study on the basis of the approach and methodology stated in
Section 1.3 above was as originally scheduled.
The study team conducted field reconnaissance to the following areas during June and July 2001 for
collecting local information and acquiring knowledge of current situation of the socio-economy,
environment, and existing power facilities. For the facility design, the team visited again the areas of
the selected highest priority project (a part of the southern region) during June 2002.
Table 1.5-1 Towns Visited
Northern Region Southern Region

（Town）（Province）（Town）（Province）
1. Luang Prabang Luang Prabang 1. Paxan Bolikhamxay
2. Xieng Ngen Luang Prabang 2. Nakha Bolikhamxay
3. Xayabury Xayabury 3. Thakhek Khammouan
4. Phonehong Vientiane 4. Savannakhet Savannakhet
5. Ban Don Vientiane 5. Champhone Savannakhet
6. Vientiane Vientiane Municipality 6. Saravan Saravan
7. Tha Ngon Vientiane Municipality 7. Xeset Saravan
8. Pakse Champasak
9. Thakho Champasak
Areas other than the above are examined on 1:100,000 maps and information collected.
1.6 Provision of Equipment
Equipment procured by the study team for execution of the works were as tabled below:
Table 1.6-1 Equipment List
Equipment Specifications Quantity

Facsimile Machine With telephone functions 1 set
Copying Machine A3 size 1 set
Personal Computer DOS-V system, CPU P-III 700 MHz equivalent, 2 sets
64 MB RAM, 20 GB HD, CD-ROM drive, Windows
98E and MS Office 2000 Pro
Printer Laser type for A3 size monochrome 1 set
Software For power system analysis PSS/E basic set and dynamic 1 set
simulation
Those equipment were transferred to EDL by JICA after completion of the study.
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Part I Master Plan
1.7 Transfer of Knowledge and Technology
Transfer of knowledge and technology was one of the important scope of work for the study team.
Through the explanation of inception report, the workshops, and routine works with the counterpart
staffs at site, the team has endeavored to transfer the purpose of the study, the approach and
methodology of the analysis of existing power system and formulation of the master plan of
transmission system, and others to the EDL staffs.
Under the JICA training courses, the first trainee from EDL for this study was dispatched to Japan
during November and December 2001 for a period of a month. The training was not only for plan
and design of transmission lines and substations, but includes the construction method, situation of
O&M, and also manufacturing process of equipment and materials of transmission lines and
substations in Japan. During his stay in Japan, the team discussed the Interim Report of this study in
detail.
The second trainee who is manager of EDL System Planning Office is to visit Japan during October
2002 although the study would have been completed. The team will have him for the actual state of
power system planning and also of operation and maintenance of power facilities in Japan.
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Figure 1.5-1 Work Schedule
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
2001 2002
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
▲ ▲ ▲
▲ F/R
Work in Laos Work in Japan Ic/R
It/R DF/R
Study Items
Preparatory Works in Japan

1 Preparatory Works
(1)Preliminary analysis on information and data
(2)Discussions among the Team's member
(3)Preparation of list of data and Information to be collected
(4)Preparation of questionnaires to MIH/EDL
A. Investigation Stage
(5)Preparation of Inception Report

2 Submission of Inception Report to JICA ▲
First Site Study
3 Explanation of and Discussions on the Inception Report
4 Collection and Analysis of Data and Information related to the Study
5 Selection of Towns to be reconnoitered by the Team
6 Preparation of the First Workshop
Second Site Study
7 The First Workshop ▲
8 Collection of and Analysis on the related Data and Information
(1)Collection of supplemental data and information
(2)Site reconnaissance to the selected towns
(3)Data collection for Environment Impact Assessment
9 Examination on the Latest Plans and Demand Forecast
(1)Generation development plans
(2)Demand Forecast
(3)Verification of power and energy balance
Planning Stage
B. System
Work Schedule
1 Formulation of Basic Particulars and Conditions for the Planning

2 Detailed Study of the System Plan
3 Field Reconnaissance and Environmental Consideration for Facility Design
First Study in Japan
4 Compilation of Results of the Site Studies and Preparation for 3rd Site Study
Third Site Study

1 Examination on Compositions of the Optimum System
2 Preliminary Design of Facilities and Cost Estimate
3 Economical and Financial Analyses
4 Preliminary Environmental Examination
5 Selection Criteria of Optimum Sub-system and the Highest Priority Project
6 Preparation of Second Workshop
C. Master Plan Study Stage
Second Study in Japan

7 Formulation of Optimum Facility Plan and Selection of the Highest Priority Project
8 Drafting of System Operation and Management
9 Examination of Introduction of Independent and Dispersed Power Supply
10 Preparation and Submission of Interim Report ▲
Fourth Site Study
11 Explanation and Discussion on Interim Report
12 The Second Workshop ▲
Fifth Site Study
13 Design of the Highest Priority Project on Feasibility Study Level
14 Economic and Financial Analyses of the Highest Priority Project
15 EIA and Formulation of Protective Measures to Environment
16 Preparation of the Third Workshop
Third Study in Japan
17 Preparation and Submission of Draft Final Report ▲
Sixth Site Study
18 Explanation of and Discussion on Draft Final Report
19 The Third Workshop ▲
Final Report
20 Preparation and Submission of Final Report ▲
Job Title Name 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 Team Leader / System Management Plan Ko Nakajima
2 Demand Forecast / Power Source Plan Takao Sakuma
3 System Plan / System Analyses Takamaru Horiuchi
Study
4 Transmission Line Plan / Route Selection / Environment Seiichiro Hirano
Team
5 Transmission Line Facility Design / Cost Estimate Masahiro Ogawa
6 Substation Plan / Facility Design Jun-ichi Fukunaga
7 Economic and Financial Analyses Mujahid Iqbal
8 Team Coordinator Kenichi Kitamura
CHAPTER II
LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC

Chapter 2 Lao People’s Democratic Republic
2.1 Profile of the Country
Table 2.1-1 Country Summary
Land Area : 236,800 km2

Capital : Vientiane
Climate : Tropical monsoon having rainy and dry seasons
High temperature and wet through a year
Boundary : Bordered with Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, and China
Land Use : Forest (46%), Cultivation (4%), and Others (50%) (1992)
Agricultural : Temporary crops (73%), Left fallow (11%), Permanent crops (8%), Forest
Land (5%), and Others (2%)
Population Total : 5,200,000 (estimated mid-year 2001)
Growth Rate 2.6 % per annum (estimated mid-year 2001)
Aver. Life Expectancy : 53.8 years old (estimated in 1999)
Birth Rate : 40 per 1,000 population (record in 1995)
Infant Mortality : 104 per 1,000 population (record in 1995)
Labour Force : 2,166,501 in 1995
Growth Rate : 3.0 % (estimate in 1995)
Religion : Buddhism (about 60 % )
Language (official) : Lao
Net Primary Enrollment : 77 % (1999)
Literacy : 58 % (male : 64%, female : 42%, in 1996)
GDP 1990 Constant : 1,065,817 million Kips (1999)
Current Price : 10,388,076 million Kips (1999)
Growth Average : 6.18% (1996-2000)
Access to Safe Water : 39 % of population (1999)
Physicians : 0.2 per 1,000 people (1999)
Hospital Beds : 2.6 per 1,000 people (1999)
(Source: State Planning Committee: National Statistical Center; World Bank Indicators, 2000; Bank of Lao PDR 2000)
2.1.1 Geography and Population
The country is mountainous and landlocked. It has borders with Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand,
Myanmar, and China. Mountains cover northern and eastern parts of the country. Area of its total
territory is 236,800 km2 equivalent to that of Honshu island of Japan. The Mekong river rising from
Tanggula mountains in China flows vertically through the country giving various natural bounties to the
people.
The primary forest covers forty-six (46) percent of the total land. One of the biggest environmental
problems in the country is slash-and-burn cultivation, which is leading to the destruction of national
nature. The Government, therefore, has declared to reduce the slash-and-burn cultivation as clearly
stipulated in the 5 Year Socio-Economic Development Plan (2001-2005).
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Part I Master Plan
The country is administratively divided into 16 provinces, Vientiane municipality and Xaysomboun
special region. Total population of the country is estimated by the State Planning Committee to be about
5.1 millions in 1999. Population of Vientiane municipality comprises of 11 % of the country population,
while, those of power regions of North, Central 1, Central 2, and South share 18 %, 41 %, 21 %, and
20 %, respectively. Average annual growth of the country’s population in the past 23 years (1976
through 2000) was 2.5 %. Growth of the southern region is higher than others due to the rapid regional
development. Average population density of the country is as low as 19 people per km2.
Total work force is estimated at 2.2 million in 1995, out of which 86 % is engaged in agriculture and
fishery. Thus, the present Lao PDR is a typically agricultural country. The Government intends in its 5
year socio-economic plan to develop the country’s economic structure from the present agricultural
activity to the industrial activity.
2.1.2 Climate, Flora and Fauna
The country is characterized by a tropical climate with two distinct seasons; the rainy season from the
beginning of May to the end of September and the dry season from October through April. The annual
average air temperature is about 28 oC, rising to a maximum 38 oC in April and May. In the
mountainous areas, however, temperature drops to 14-15 oC during the winter months, and in cold
nights air temperature easily reaches the freezing point.
Average precipitation is the highest in Southern Laos, where the Annamese Cordillera on the border to
Vietnam receives over 4,000 mm annually.
Table 2.1-2 Records of Weather (1976-1999)
Items Luang Prabang Vientiane Savannakhet Pakse

Ave. Temperature (oC) 25.1 26.5 26.3 27.8
Max. Temperature (oC) 31.7 31.6 31.4 32.2
Min. Temperature (oC) 19.8 22.3 21.4 22.9
Max. Humidity (%) 96.4 90.5 92.4 86.5
Min. Humidity (%) 51.9 53.1 51.9 53.3
Annual Sunny Hours (Hr) 1,978.9 2,313.2 2,370.1 2,315.5
Annual Rainfall (mm) 1,330.3 1,671.4 1,464.3 2,080.5
Laos has one of the most pristine ecology in the south-east Asia. An estimated half of its woodlands
consist of primary forest, in particular, tropical rain forest. Unlike the vegetation in the bored climate,
the tropical rain forest is composed of three vegetative layers. The top layer is dominated by
ingle-trunked, high-reaching trees, so-called dipterocarps. The middle canopy consists of hardwood
such as teak. Beneath, small trees and grasses, sometimes, bamboo can be found. In addition to
fascinating vegetation, several exotic mammals are endemic such as leopard, cats, Java mongoose,
goat-antelopes, rare species of gibbons and langurs, Malayan sun bear, Asiatic black bear, gaur and
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others. The recently discovered Saola Ox, a breed of deer-antelope inhabits the eastern border regions
of the country. In Southern Laos, near Khong Island on the Mekong River, Irrawaddy dolphins inhabit.
While, Laos is also rich in resident and migrating birds like the rare green peafowl.
2.1.3 Administrative Structure
Political structure of the country is the People’s Democratic Republic under the President being the head
of a nation in a one-chamber system. Administrative authority is given to the cabinet consisting of the
Prime Minister, deputy Prime Minister, cabinet ministers, and chairperson of the national committee.
The President under approval of the national assembly appoints the Prime Minister. The present
administrative structure of the country is as follow:
President
Prime Minister
Deputy Prime Ministe r
Figure 2.1-1 Administrative Structure
From the aspect of power sector, the country is, for the sake of convenience, divided into the following
four regions. In this report, therefore, various examination and analyses were conducted for the regions.
Table 2.1-3 Power Region
Power Region Provinces to be covered

Northern : Phongsaly, Luang Namtha, Oudomxai, Bokeo, & Huaphanh (5 provinces)
Central 1 : Vientiane, Vientiane municipality, Luang Prabang, Xiengkhuang, Xayabury,
Xaysomboon special region, & Bolikhamxai (5 provinces, 1 municipality & 1
special region)
Central 2 : Khammuane & Savannakhet (2 provinces)
Southern : Saravane, Sekong, Champasak, & Attapeu (4 provinces)
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Part I Master Plan
Figure 2.1-2 Power Region
2.2 Social and Economic Conditions
2.2.1 Overall Social Conditions
In 1999, life expectancy at birth had been 53.8 years, and the fertility rate of total births per woman was
5.5. Mortality rate for infants (per 1,000 live births) was 140 and mortality rate for under 5 years was
170. Recently, conditions have started improving, in the social sector there have been significant gains,
in education in the Lao PDR since 1990. However, the literacy rate is still considerably lower than in
most neighboring countries, and gender gaps in education are also significant. The literacy rate of adult
male was 64% in the year 1996 and literacy rate of adult female was 42%.
The WB reported that Lao PDR is one of the poorest and least developed countries in East Asia; it has
among the worst social indicators in the region. Per capita income is low, and 39 percent poverty
incidence is very high in a predominantly agricultural, rural economy. Poverty incidence in the rural
areas is much higher (the rural poor account for more than 90 % of all poor); and overall the central parts
of the country are generally better off in comparison with the South and the North.
In the area of health, considerable progress has also been made: public health care has expanded in
recent years; the country's Expanded Program of Immunization (EPI) has increased its coverage to
reach the majority of villages and, measles has been removed as a major cause of child mortality.
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However, the coverage of medical facilities and health personnel is still limited to Vientiane and few
other cities and remains of poor quality.
Infant and maternal mortality rates are still considered to be high, and literacy and educational
enrollment rates especially for females still low. Addressing basic social indicators at their core will
require broadening access to better quality basic health and education services in Lao PDR.
2.2.2 Overall Economic Conditions
In 1999 the per capita income was US$280 and the GNP was US$ 1.4 billion. The gross domestic
investment /GDP ratio in 1998 was 24.9 and the exports of goods and services/GDP in 1998 was 3.7.
The gross domestic savings/GDP ratio in 1998 was 23.7 and total debt/GDP was 193.2.
GDP in the year 1998 comprised of 51.3% of Agriculture and Forestry, 22.6% Industry-Handicraft, and
26.1% Services sector.
Table 2.2-1 Structure of the Economy in 1989 and1998
(%of GDP) 1989 1998

Agriculture 60.6 52.6
Industry （ Manufacturing） 13.4 (9.3) 22.0 (16.7)
Services 26.0 25.4
Import of goods & services 32.0 4.9
Private consumption -- 71.1
General government consumption -- 5.1
(Source: Country Assistance Strategy (CAS), the World Bank)
Since the introduction of reforms under the New Economic Mechanism (NEM) in 1986, the GoL has
been transforming the economy from a centrally planned to a market-oriented system. The structural
reforms and sound macroeconomic management according to the WB were initiated under the NEM
fostered a steady movement towards macroeconomic stability, production growth, the emergence of a
small private sector, and increased foreign direct investment and trade flows, particularly with
neighboring countries. The GDP growth has averaged 7 percent between 1992 and 1997, giving the
GoL hope that it would become a middle income economy by the year 2020.
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Part I Master Plan
Table 2.2-2 GDP Growth, Inflation and Current Account Deficit

Inflation Current Account Deficit
Year GDP Growth
(%) (% of GDP)
1992 6.9 9.9 8.0
1993 5.9 6.3 9.0
1994 8.2 6.8 13.0
1995 7.0 19.6 11.0
1996 6.9 12.9 15.0
1997 6.9 19.3 14.5
1998 4.0 94.6 16.0
1999 7.28 86.5 5.2
2000 5.84 10.6 3.0
(Source: CAS, the World Bank; Bank of Lao PDR, Annual Report 2000)
Since 1997, because of the financial crisis in the region the reform effort in Lao PDR had slowed
significantly and the macroeconomic environment worsened considerably. There was high inflation
climbing to 90+ %, and exchange rate depreciation from around Kip 1,200 in 1997 to below Kip 9,000
in 2001 for 1 US$ had reached alarming levels. The regional crisis provided the initial impetus for the
macroeconomic crisis in the Lao PDR. Furthermore, weakening of the fiscal and monetary policy
stance multiplied the negative external effects. According to the World Bank, weak macroeconomic
management was “compounded by lengthy consensus building in the decision-making process,
rendering it difficult to react quickly to the macroeconomic realities.”
The World Bank (Report No:22152) has described this critical period as follows. “The GDP growth,
based on preliminary GoL estimates, recovered considerably in 1999 after slowing to 4 percent in 1998
largely as a result of macroeconomic instability, reduced foreign investment flows and regional demand
for exports. Continued strong agricultural growth and the initial results of measures to stem the
macroeconomic instability seem to be having an impact on production growth. Macroeconomic
performance has improved significantly, but remains fragile and further efforts are needed to maintain
stability. Monthly inflation has averaged less than 1 percent since August 1999, and the year-on-year
inflation fell to 6 percent in May 2000. This represents a significant turnaround from two years of
macroeconomic crisis during which annual inflation reached 170 percent and the kip lost 90 percent of
its value. While this stability has been achieved through a tight monetary policy and there are signs of
improvement in fiscal performance, monetary and fiscal risks remain as many of the underlying
structural imbalances continue.”
Table 2.2-3 Economic Growth Indicators (%)

1997 1998 1999 2000 2001* 2002*
GDP Growth 6.9 4.0 7.28 5.84 6.0 6.5
Govt. Revenue/GDP 16.6 13.7 14.4 14.9 15.4 16.0
Govt. Expenditure/GDP 24.6 22.9 23.1 22.5 23.1 22.8
Budget Deficit/GDP -8.0 -9.2 -8.6 -7.7 -7.7 -6.8
Gross Dom. Invest./GDP 28.7 23.7 24.7 25.4 35.4 35.5
Current Account Balance/GDP -14.3 -16.6 -15.0 -12.8 -18.8 -18.5
Inflation (period average) 19.3 94.6 49.5 18.0 10.9 5.9
(Source: Compiled WB data; Bank of Lao PDR Annual Report * Figures in 2001 and 2002 are estimated value.)
II - 6
Table 2.2-4 Average Exchange Rate from 1990 to 2001
Year (Kip/$US)
1990 707
1991 701
1992 714
1993 717
1994 721
1995 807
1996 930
1997 1,220
1998 3,235
1999 7,044
2000 7,911
2001 8,948
(Source: EDL Finance Dept.)
2.2.3 National Budget
The table below provides the General Government Budget, 1995/96-1999/2000. The overall budget
deficit for fiscal year 1999/00 was approximately 13.8% of GDP.
Table 2.2-5 General Government Budget, 1996-2000 (Kip Billions)
1995/96 1996/97 1997/98 1998/99 1999/00

Revenue and Grants 274.9 298.2 557.0 1461.5 2166.6
Revenue 217.3 228.3 367.0 929.2 1691.3
Tax 175.9 189.6 290.0 745.4 1366.9
Non-Tax 41.4 38.7 77.0 183.8 324.4
Grants 57.6 69.9 200.0 532.4 475.3
Expenditure 364.4 412.2 864.6 1719.0 2512.6
Current 166.0 192.2 267.5 449.3 808.1
Wages and salaries 78.5 91.7 117.0 180.7 335.4
Material and supplies 51.9 56.8 63.0 132.2 174.3
Debt payments - - - - 61.9
Restructuring of SOEs - - 18.0 19.0 -
Transfers 23.4 26.0 30.0 57.8 130.1
Interest 10.4 16.3 39.0 58.6 102.7
Severance Payments 1.8 1.2 0.8 1.0 3.8
Capital and On-Lending 198.4 220.0 576.0 1269.7 1704.5
Overall Balance -89.5 -114.0 -279.8 -257.4 -346.0
Excluding grants -147.1 -184 -479.6 -789.8 -789.8
Financing 89.5 114.0 279.8 257.4 345.3
Domestic -19.6 -0.5 56.6 -135.9 -294.3
Bank financing -15.2 -31.6 53.0 -143.1 -303.6
Non-bank financing -8.4 -15.6 3.5 7.2 9.3
Foreign financing (net) 109.1 113.5 223.2 393.4 639.6
Project loans 98.1 109.6 248.7 470.8 826.5
Program loans 18.0 12.2 0 0 0
Commodity credit - - - - -
Amortization 7.0 8.2 25.5 77.4 186.9
(Source: Bank of Lao PDR, Annual Report 1999 & 2000)
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Part I Master Plan
The table presented below provides the latest available public sector investment plan (PIP) for actual
1999-2000 and planned 2000-2001 with those economic premises of planning.
Table 2.2-6 Basic Hypothesis for the 5 Year Plan (GDP Growth & Public Investment Plan)
Indicators Unit 2000/01 2001/02

GDP (current price) Billion Kip 16,040 18,473
GDP deflator % 10 8
GDP constant price Billion Kip 1,180.5 1265.1
Growth rate % 6.4 7.2
Public Investment Plan (PIP) Billion Kip 2,005.3 2,380
(external) Billion Kip 1,200 1,400
(domestic) Billion Kip 805.3 980
PIP / GDP 13 2.9
Private Investment (PI) Billion Kip 2,200 2,660
PI /GDP 13.2 14.4
Total Investment (PIP+PI) Billion Kip 4,205.3 5,040
Total Investment /GDP 26.2 27.3
PIP in $US $ million 250.7 297.5
(Source: MoF / IMF)
The table presented below provides the latest available macro economic indicators including public
finance situation for actual 1999-2000 and planned 2000-2001.
Table 2.2-7 Macro Economic Indicator (Actual and Projected: US$ 1,000,000)
Macro-economic Variables Actual (1999-2000) Projections (2000 –2001)

Real GDP Growth (%) 5.9 6.4
Real GDP per capita (%) 4.0 4.98
Total Revenues, including grants 16.2 16.8
Total Revenues, (excl. grants) 12.2 13.6
Official grants 4.0 3.2
Expenditures:
Wages and allowances 3.8 4.4
Current expenditures 7.5 8.6
Capital expenditures 13.0 12.5
Fiscal Deficit excluding grants 8.53 8.15
Growth in money supply (%) 61.14 34.86
Total Saving 28.09 32.08
Public Saving (including grants) 8.41 7.57
Gross Domestic Investment 23.6 26.2
Of which Private investment 11.3 13.7
Public investment 12.3 12.5
Growth of Exports 19.0 8.7
Growth of Imports 8.65 8.65
Current Account Deficit
(excl. transfers) 11.81 14.07
(incl. transfers) 6.52 10.75
External Debt 132.64 92.54
External Debt Service 3.70 2.00
Inflation 50 6
Foreign Reserves (month/import) 2.4 3
(Source: MoF/IMF)
II - 8
The table presented below provides the sector by sector expenditures of public sector investment plan
(PIP) for actual 1999-2000 and planned 2000-2001.
Table 2.2-8 Public Investment Plan by Sectors (Actual / Planned)
1999-2000 (Actual) 2000-2001 (Planned)

Value Value
Sector (%) (%)
(Billion Kip) (Billion Kip)
Economic Sectors 1,212 71.3 1,389 69.3
Agriculture 212.66 12.5 470.2 23.4
Industry 16.66 1.0 91 4.5
Transport 959.95 56.4 753.7 37.6
Other economic sector 22.96 1.3 73.8 3.7
Social Sectors 413.4 24.1 505 25.2
Education 89.4 5.2 142.2 7.1
Public Health 109.25 6.4 69.5 3.5
Culture/Information 53.1 3.1 52.05 2.6
Social Welfare 62.2 3.6 75.7 3.8
Other social sector 99.5 5.8 165.5 8.2
Rural Development 43.83 2.6 92.8 4.6
Other (offices, provision) 31.62 1.9 18.6 0.9
Total 1,701 100 2,005 100
(Source: MoF/IMF)
2.2.4 Balance of Payment
The balance of payment for many of the past years, have a negative account balance. The main reasons
have been exports not being enough to cover the imports, and the overall weak economy. The overall
economy is weak because of the negative balance of payments.
Table 2.2-9 Balance of Payments
Balance of Payments 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

(US$ m) est. est. est. est.
Exports (goods & non-factor services) 504.9 621.5 681.5 749.5 827.6
Merchandise (FoB) 375.4 460.0 506.1 557.9 617.5
Imports (goods & non-factor services) 769.4 867.1 921.6 1111.6 1201.7
Merchandise (FoB) 630.2 709.4 753.4 919.7 993.7
Resource Balance -264.5 -245.7 -240.1 -362.1 -374.1
% of GDP at current prices -20.3% -18.7% -15.9% -21.2% -19.8%
Net current transfers (inc. official) 82.0 86.0 87.0 90.0 90.0
Current account balance -127.3 -103.4 -102.7 -194.5 -229.0
Net private foreign direct investment 44.0 59.0 129.0 122.0 116.0
Long-term loans (net) 168.2 152.9 65.9 209.4 247.9
Official 139.2 124.9 30.9 34.4 70.9
Private 29.0 28.0 35.0 175.0 177.0
Consumer price index(% growth rate) 94.6% 49.5% 18.0% 10.9% 5.9%
GDP deflator (% growth rate) 87.4% 50.0% 20.0% 12.0% 7.0%
(Source: CAS, the World Bank)
II - 9
Part I Master Plan
2.2.5 External Debt
Based on the information in the World Bank’s Country Assistance Strategy (CAS), “at the end-1997,
Lao PDR’s total external debt stock was estimated to be US$ 2.3 billion (134 % of 1997 GDP)”. At the
end of 1999, the external debt was reported by the Bank of Lao PDR to be US$ 2,259.8 million. The
debt service payment in 1999 had amounted to US$ 65.1 million.
The ADB, with 45 % of convertible currency debt, and the World Bank with 39% are the two dominant
creditors of Lao PDR. Debt service ratios have remained steady around 5 - 6 % in the last four years and
are projected to remain below 10 %. There is also a debt owed to the ex-Soviet bloc countries, which
has been substantial, and is handled separately.
Table 2.2-10 External Debt and Resource Flows
US$ millions 1986 1996 1997 1998 1999

est.
Total of debt outstanding and disbursed 868 2263 2390 2,437 2259.8
World Bank (IDA) 40 335 358 395 377.7
Foreign Direct Investment -- 176 104 46 --
Official creditors (Countries and ADB) 165 130 161 -- --
(Source: World Bank reports, and Bank of Lao PDR 1999.)
2.2.6 Trade
Trade is based on the principle exports mostly based on natural resources including hydroelectric power
and timber, and recently due to foreign direct investment of new manufacture – fabrication based on the
low cost of labor. There is a very high demand for imported capital and consumer goods including rice,
foodstuff and petroleum, which has made the country dependent on foreign assistance.
The table below provides the data for 1996 ~ 2000. Total FOB export only is available for 1998~2000.
Trade will promote increased exports. Lao PDR will become WTO member in the near future and will
benefit in its trade because of it.
Table 2.2-11 Trade
US$ millions 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Total exports (fob) 321 317 341 301.5 327
Timber 125 90 - - -
Other fuel 18 18 - - -
Manufactures 92 169 - - -
Others 86 40 - - -
Total imports (cif) 690 648 - - -
Food
Fuel and Energy 66 81 - - -
Capital Goods 244 189 - - -
II - 10
2.2.7 Foreign Investment and Assistance
Foreign investment in the economy is a positive indicator as can be seen in the table, during the 1997
crisis it had been reduced to only US$ 46 million from US$ 104, and 176 during the years 1997 and
1996 respectively. The trend for more foreign investment is positive and given the stability of the
economy in the region more will be invested in Lao PDR. It is estimated by Lao PDR Bank, that by
2005, the total foreign direct investment in Lao PDR will be around US$ 1.5 - 2 billion. Meanwhile,
ADB and WB-IDA are the large multilateral lenders and donors.
Bilateral assistance from Japan has been provided for more than 25 years and is it now the largest donor
of development assistance. In 1999 Japanese assistance was in the amount of US$ 132.53 million.
Many Northern European countries are also providing grant aid and assistance.
Table 2.2-12 Foreign Direct Investment and Donor Assistance
US$ millions 1986 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000

Foreign Direct Investment -- 176 104 46 61.6 33.9
World Bank (IDA) 40 335 358 395 n.a n.a
Official creditors (Countries and ADB) 165 130 161 n.a n.a n.a
Japan ODA n.a n.a 78.59 85.60 n.a n.a
JBIC n.a n.a 20.4 19.4 n.a n.a
(Sources: World Bank reports; Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Japan.)
2.2.8 Infrastructure
(1) Energy
Hydropower production is the major non-agriculture industry in the country in terms of contribution to
GDP, the Government’s budget, and export revenues. The country is estimated to have approximate
18,000 MW or more of hydropower generation potential. Almost all is reserved in the central region of
the country.
The Government has decided to accelerate the development of hydropower generation in order to
substantially increase electricity exports to neighboring countries. Difficulties in raising the required
funds, current uncertainty of energy demand by Thailand for Lao generated hydropower production,
and increasing concerns on the social and environmental aspects beset potential projects.
Key concerns in this sector include:
(i) increasing domestic tariffs in line with the financial cost of production to improve the financial
situation of EDL,
(ii) improving the sector’s capacity to meet demands for rural electrification and those proposed by
sub-region cooperation,
(iii) continued support for private sector participation in the sector,
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Part I Master Plan
(iv) solicitation and review of foreign investment proposals in transparent manner, and
(v) integrating social and environmental elements into hydropower development planning and
implementation.
International organizations are assisting the country in the development of sector as below:
(a) The World Bank has been involved in the BOOT (build-own-operate-transfer) arrangement for
the proposed Nam Theun II hydroelectric project.
(b) The World Bank has also assisted in Southern Provinces Rural Electrification.
(c) Private institutions from Australia, France, Republic of Korea, Japan, and Thailand have
actively participated in developing the sector.
(d) ADB is preparing an Energy Sector Strategy Study, which will provide the basis for its
interventions in the energy sector over 5-10 years.
(e) ADB assists rural areas in increasing access to electrification which is a key component in
poverty reduction.
(f) Off-grid electrification through renewable sources is considered an attractive option for remote
scattered communities. Renewable Energy Development including solar and
mini-hydropower are planned by JICA and other international and private institutions.
(2) Transport
The key to future sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction in the country is the development
of an integrated market economy. Transport infrastructure development is critical to providing
increased access to markets and economy opportunities. With the high priority given to road
development by the Government and donors during the last decade, the national roads are paved.
Nevertheless, less than 2 percent of the provincial roads are paved and most rural communities still do
not have year-round road access to markets. Clearly, more roads need to be developed.
However, on the other hand, there is an increasingly urgent need to strengthen capacity to adequately
maintain external assets. Maintenance expenditure has not been consistent with efficient management
and service delivery. This resulted rundown in many road sector assets.
There is also an increasing need for early integration of social and environment concerns and
opportunities in road planning and development, particularly in rural areas.
The World Bank, together with ADB and Sweden, discussed establishment of a 12-year road
maintenance program with the Government. Australia and Japan have also been involved in roads and
bridge construction over the decade. Sweden, Germany, UNDP and United Nations International Drug
Control Program (UNDCP) have assisted in road development.
II - 12
2.2.9 National Economic Policy and Plans
Socio-Economic Development Strategy issued by the Lao Government on February 13, 2001
emphasized the following:
(A) 2020 Strategy
(1) The 2020 vision
(a) The socio-economic development is the Government’s priority sustaining balance among
economic, culture-social, and environmental development.
(b) The Government should utilize natural and human development efficiently, and ensure
reasonable and fair income distribution.
(c) The socio-economic development should be undertaken in parallel with political involvement
and improvement.
(d) The Government should be keen in utilizing the national potential combined with the current
global opportunity and seek advantages from regional and global integration.
(e) The socio-economic development should in fact run in parallel with the task of national
defense, security, and stability.
Meanwhile, the Government continues a policy of transforming a traditional economy to a market

economy. Also the Government places a key factor to improvement of the state enterprise to support
industrialization process and to provide an appropriate condition for achieving sustainable
development.
(2) Objectives and Goals for 2020
The main national objectives are set at:
(a) Poverty reduction,

(b) Economic growth at the most appropriate rate,
(c) Great development and production in agriculture, industry and standard service sectors,
(d) Dissemination of the education and health service,
(e) Enlargement of national culture’s attractiveness,
(f) Provision of social welfare,
(g) Increase of capacity of white and blue color labors,
(h) Sustenance of peaceful society, political stability, and
(i) Open for international cooperation and integration.
The government needs to accomplish the following struggling objectives up to the year 2020.
(a) GDP per capita to US$ 1,200~1,500 (US$ 350 in 2000),
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Part I Master Plan
(b) 90% literacy rate (people over 15 year old) (about 74% in 2000),
(c) Life expectancy to 70 years (59 years old in 2000),
(d) Development of basic infrastructure,
(e) Increase of GDP share of industry and service sectors, and
(f) Physical and mental improvement and upgrade of people’s living standard by creating
employment
(3) Main Sectorial Strategy
The Government sets the following strategies for achieving the goals.
(a) Human resource development,

(b) Modernization of basic infrastructure development,
(c) Expansion of electricity network over the country,
(d) Production activities to be on small, medium sized and traditional handicraft industries,
(e) Efficient development and promotion of all sectors,
(f) Effort and participation in globalization and regionalization, and
(g) Reasonable investment in developing the strength of technology
(B) 2010 Strategy
(1) Main targets for 2010 development plan
The plan is to accelerate improvement of a basic economic factor such as
(a) Expansion of agriculture production,

(b) Elimination of slash and burn cultivation,
(c) Poverty reduction,
(d) Establishment of infant industries, and
(e) Creation of qualified and sufficient human resource for moving toward industrialization and a
service center in the region.
In 2010, the population will be about 6.7 million, and GDP per capita will be US$ 700-750; the literacy
rate will be 84%; the life expectancy will be 67 years.
(2) 2010 Strategy
(a) Promotion of import-substitute production such as electricity, mining, textile, handicrafts,

coffee, rice, fruits, forest products, silk, cotton, livestock, herb, tourism, and other products.
(b) Further development of such basic infrastructure as electricity network expansion projects,
hydropower projects, processing industry projects, transportation system, communication,
transit service, tourism, special economic zones and other border trade zone projects.
(c) Intense development of national financial institution,
II - 14
(d) Continuous improvement of primary, vocational and tertiary education systems,

(e) Development of the state administration and management system, and
(f) Further open of economic, trade and investment cooperation to foreign countries.
(C) 5 Years Socio-Economic Development Plan (2001-2005)
(1) Major Targets and Macro Objectives
Main Targets:
(a) Progress of the social security and political stability,

(b) Creation of the continued economic growth,
(c) Reduction of poverty to half of the current level,
(d) Achievement of food security program,
(e) Solution of slash and burn cultivation problem,
(f) Prohibition of opium plantation by new permanent jobs for people,
(g) Enhancement of national saving,
(h) Reform of both the state and private enterprises,
(i) Development of human resource in various areas, and
(j) Support of the modern industry development in the next stage.
Objectives for the Period
(a) Average annual GDP growth rate at 7-7.5%,

(b) Average annual growth rate of agricultural sector at 4-5%,
(c) Average annual growth rate of industrial sector at 10-11%,
(d) Average annual growth rate of service sector at 8-9%,
(e) Target share by sector of GDP; agriculture and forest products to be 47%, industrial product to
be 26%, and service sector to be 27%,
(f) Annual inflation rate to be single digit,
(g) Stable exchange rate,
(h) Budget revenue to be 18% of GDP and budget deficit to be 5% of GDP,
(i) Reduction of trade deficit to be 6% of GDP,
(j) Public investment to be 12-14% of GDP, and saving to be 12% of GDP, and
(k) GDP per capita to be US$ 500-550.
(2) Direction, Function and Tasks of Sector
(2.1) Agriculture and Forestry
(a) Food Production

i) 3 million tons including 2.7 million tons of rice,
II - 15
Part I Master Plan
ii) Paddy land to be 770,000 ha,

iii) Rice production in 42 small plateaus by introducing upgraded seed, and
iv) Growth of large livestock to be at a rate of 4 - 5% per annum for around 200,000 tons in
2005.
(b) Promotion of Commodity Production
i) Promotion of development of regional potential and market requirement,
ii) Encouragement of all kinds of animal breeding/rearing for domestic consumption and
export, and
iii) Promotion of tree plantation and forestry products.
(c) Abolishment of Slash and Burn Cultivation
(d) Irrigation
i) Completion of current irrigation projects,
ii) Well maintenance and efficient use of the completed projects, and
iii) Increase of land for rice production in the dry season by 150,000 ha.
(e) Research and Experiment
(2.2) Industry and Handicraft
(a) 2005 Targets

i) Establishment of Industrial zones in Vientiane municipality, Savannakhet, Champasak, and
Oudomxai,
ii) Special economic zone in Savannakhet,
iii) Identification of potential for development of agro-processing industry in rural provinces,
iv) Establishment of production zones for hydropower industry and raw material source in the
central and southern parts,
(b) Main Struggling Objectives
i) Production of mining to increase at growth rate of 14.7% per annum. 750,000 tons of coal,
850 tons of lead, 500,000 tons of gypsum,
ii) Processing industry to increase at 11-12% annually comparing with production in 2000;
66% growth in food industry, 101% in beer industry, 233% in cement industry, and 12.5
times in steel industry,
iii) Hydropower to grow at 3.7% per annum; electrification target of village and household to
be respectively 40% and 60%.
(c) Major Tasks to be Implemented
i) Conduct of basic geological survey in the northern part,
ii) Excavation of gold for 3.84 tons per year, 4,000 tons /year of copper in Xepon,
iii) Excavation of 9,000 tons/year of phosphorus in Khammouan,
iv) Excavation of 10,000 tons/year of protactinium in Vientiane municipality,
II - 16
v) Excavation of muddy coal in 20,000 tons/year in Vientiane municipality and Champasak,

vi) Completion of 2nd cement factories in Vangvieng and Saravan,
vii)Establishment of a steel factory (40,000 tons/year in capacity) and sugar factory (20,000
tons/year) in Vientiane province,
viii) Construction of Nam Theun 2 (2002), Nam Ngum 2 and 3 hydropower projects,
ix) Completion of 3 publicly invested hydropower projects for domestic consumption: Xeset 2
(76MW), Nam Ngum 3 and a solar plant (50MW),
x) HV and MV transmission line expansion: Nam Leuk - Xieng Khuang, Xieng Nguen
district-Xayabuly, Luang Prabang - Oudomxai, Pakse – Soukumma - Khony district,
Vangvieng - Mad district, Kengkok - Xepon, Ban Dong - Nong district, Nam Theun 2 –
Yommarath - Mahaxay, Longsend - Hom district, and
xi) Construction of another 230-250 km HV distribution lines.
(2.3) Rural Development
(a) Rural development should be generally and specifically undertaken in such poorer areas as
upland zones and village.
(b) The task of rural development should make significant progress in conjunction with poverty
reduction, abolishing slash and burn cultivation and opium production.
(c) The creation of qualified staffs or officers at the district and village levels who specialize in the
areas of statistics, planning and financing will be required.
(2.4) Poverty Reduction
The regional development should be operated in parallel with the progress of poverty reduction project.
(a) Northern Part

i) Establishment of food production projects for issues of slash-burn cultivation and opium
production in Xieng Khuang, Luan Namtha, and Bokeo plateau
ii) Establishment of a special economic zone in Oudomxai and free trade zone in Luang
Namtha (Bothen),
(b) Central Part
The central part should be a center for commodity production, industrial zone and transit
service (a special economic zone in Savannakhet).
(c) Southern Part
This part will aim at the development of agro-processing industries for coffee, rice, soybean,
peanuts, cattle and so on.
Some basic industries should be developed in conjunction with the development of the
southern transit zone. A special economic zone is expected to be establishing in Champasak.
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Part I Master Plan
(2.5) Communication, Transportation, Post and Construction
Main tasks for this sector are set in the following:
(a) Maintenance of the existing roads, bridges and other communication infrastructures,
(b) Continuation of the existing construction projects and implementation of new projects,
(c) Completion of Mekong bridge III in Savannakhet as well as conducting the feasibility study for
the construction of a new Mekong bridge in the northern part,
(d) Improvement of the existing ports and construction of new ports,
(e) Construction and upgrading of domestic and international airports,
(f) Undertaking a railway survey and design of Vientiane-Nong Khai (14 km),
(g) Survey and design of Vientiane-Thakhek-Kilmuya railway (466 km) and a railway of
Thakhek-southern part..
(h) Installation of a satellite service and optical fiber cables for expanding telecommunications
system into the rural areas, and
(i) Continuation of construction of water supply network.
(2.6) Trade and Tourism
The Government should attempt to gain the advantages of AFTA (Association of South-East Asian
Nations Free Trade Area) accessions and become a full member of WTO.
The advantage of country’s strategic location will be developed as transit service center, re-export zone,
free trade zone, warehouse center, transportation service center, packaging center, information network
center and so on.
(3) Foreign Relation and Foreign Economic Cooperation
(a) Foreign Economic Cooperation

By the year 2005, the mobilization of foreign grants and loans will be around 1.8-1.9 billion
dollars, which comprise 1.1 billion dollars of grant and 700-800 million dollars of loan.
(b) Foreign Direct Investment
By the year 2005, the total foreign direct investment will be around 1.5-2 billion dollars. This
amount will be used to stimulate national economic growth.
2.3 Outline of Energy Sector
2.3.1 Energy Policy
Current energy mix of the country is supplied by firewood for approximately 90 %, 5 % by electricity
and 5 % by oil. The energy policy of the country emphasizes following the 5 points as the national
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target.
(1) Since coal and lignite deposits in the territory are mined at a comparatively cheap cost,
development of those resources should be promoted for reduction on the dependence of
imported oil.
(2) Development of hydropower should be continuously and positively promoted for acquisition
of foreign currency.
(3) Diversification of energy resources and dispersion of the energy imported countries should be
realized for security and stabilization of the energy supply to domestic consumption.
(4) The organization of the energy sector should be reinforced, in particular organizations for
establishment of the policy, formulation of development plan, and economical assessment of
projects.
(5) Consumption of firewood and non-commercial energy should be reduced for the conservation
of forestry resources by promotion of rural electrification.
2.3.2 Indigenous Energy Resources
(1) Hydraulic Power
A number of rivers from the highlands flow into the Mekong River crossing from north to south in the
country. The country is extraordinary rich in hydraulic power. Theoretical hydropower potential in the
country is estimated at 26,000 MW excluding mainstream of Mekong River. The Mekong Secretariat
estimated that a total installed capacity of around 13,000 MW could be developed in the basins as below.
Table 2.3-1 Hydraulic Power Potential
Rivers Installation Annual Energy Province

(MW) (GWh)
Xe Kong 4,026 21,147 Sekong and Attapeu
Nam Theun 3,345 17,783 Bolikhamxai and Khammouan
Nam Ou 1,350 7,008 Luang Prabang
Nam Ngum 1,624 16,889 Vientiane
Nam Ngiep 921 4,836 Xieng Khuang & Bolikhamxai
Xe Bang Hieng 70 43 Savannakhet
Xe Done 2 1 Saravan
Nam Tha 230 1,183 Oudomxai
Nam Khan 355 1,883 Luang Prabang
Nam Suang 275 1,445 Luang Prabang
Xe Bang Phay 16 88 Savannakhet
Nam Mang 52 263 Xaysomboun special region
Nam Sane 85 438 Xieng Khuang & Bolikhamxai
Nam Hinboun 70 377 Khammouan
Nam Beng 50 263 Oudomxai
Total 12,471 73,647
(Source: Mekong Secretariat and Hydropower Development Strategy Study (HDSS) for Lao PDR, under WB fund)
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Part I Master Plan
(2) Fossil Oil
Investigation contracts for resources of fossil oil in the country have been concluded for the central and
southern regions in Lao PDR. Mapping and geophysical investigations have been carried out including
one deep boring (2,560 m). However, the results are not known. As the country is landlocked and has
no seaport and no oil refinery facilities, transportation of crude oil and refinery will be country’s
problem. In this respect, another project is planned for construction of a pipeline toward the east coast
of Vietnam.
(3) Coal and Lignite
Coal deposits have been confirmed in the provinces of Phongsaly, Vientiane, Xieng Khuang,
Khammouan and Saravan. High quality lignite has also been found in Hongsa district of Xayabuly
province near the border to Thailand, and its deposits are estimated at 220 million tons. Development of
lignite is expected to start under the joint investment with Thailand. According to the report for HDSS,
sufficient reserves for about 2,000 MW installed capacity will be utilized for power generation.
(4) Firewood
Forest resources of the country are abundant. However, the forests have recently been reduced due to
export of timbers, slash-and-burn cultivation and illegal deforestation. Seventy percent (70%) share of
forest to the total land of the country in 1940s reduced to 46 % in 1992. The Government established the
development corporations in the northern, central and southern regions for regulating illegal
deforestation and smuggling of logs and for controlling annually allotted amounts of tree-felling.
Non-commercial energy is an important source of energy in the country, because supply of the
commercial energy does not cover the entire area. UN statistics revealed that share of non-commercial
energy in 1994 was 89.6 % of the total energy consumption in the country. Production of firewood in
1994 amounted to 4.38 million m 3, and its production increased at a rate of 3 % per annum during 1991
to 1994. As preventive measures, for increasing consumption of firewood, installation of mini-hydro
power plants, diesel-engine/generators, and solar system generating plants are studied for mountainous
and hilly areas.
(5) Solar Energy
Annual solar radiation received in Lao PDR is about 1,800 kWh/m2. Photovoltaic modules have been
used for small-scale remote applications. MIH is expecting to develop further installation into off-grid
areas under foreign assistance.
(6) Wind Energy
Mean wind velocity deems to be 1.0 m/s in Luang Prabang and Vientiane although higher velocity is
II - 20
expected in the mountainous areas. Velocity in the country is not adequate for wind generation.
2.3.3 Demand and Supply of Energy
Following table shows historical commercial energy consumption in the country.
Hydropower stations produce most of the power in country. Production of power is therefore affected
by amount of rainfall as the production in dry years from 1987 to 1989 was much reduced.
Table 2.3-2 Historical Commercial Energy Consumption

(Unit: 1,000 toe)
Year Primary Consumption Import Export Domestic Energy Consumption
Solid Power Total Solid Liquid Power Total
1984 0 82 82 63 61 0 61 23 84
1985 0 86 86 69 62 0 67 26 93
1986 0 86 86 71 65 0 69 23 92
1987 0 46 46 71 33 0 69 14 84
1988 0 42 42 71 32 0 69 12 81
1989 1 57 58 78 40 1 77 18 96
1990 1 71 72 79 52 1 77 21 98
1991 1 76 77 86 57 1 84 21 106
1992 1 74 75 93 55 1 91 22 114
1993 1 75 76 95 54 1 91 25 117
1994 1 99 100 103 71 1 98 33 132
1995 1 86 87 107 61 1 104 29 133
1996 1 104 104 115 67 1 111 41 152
(Source: UN, Energy Statistics Yearbook 1986-1996)
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CHAPTER III
CURRENT SITUATION OF POWER SECTOR

Chapter 3 Current Situation of Power Sector
3.1 Overview
3.1.1 General
Approximately 20 to 25 % of total domestic energy consumption in the Lao PDR have been supplied by
power sector as recorded in Section 2.3.3 of this report.
Electricity supply in the country is made by main grids and off-grid. Power supply to demands is
provided from three sources:
(1) small or medium scale power plants developed by EDL to supply electricity to the national
market,
(2) Domestic off-take entitlements from IPP projects, and
(3) Imports from Thailand and Vietnam.
Generation of the off-grid is locally achieved by means of diesel-engine generators, micro/mini

hydropower plants, and solar energy systems.
While, generation for export is provided by two sources:
(a) surplus electricity from EDL’s domestic hydropower plants, and
(b) IPP plants of large hydro-power.
Continued national economic growth requires energy for alleviating poverty and for achieving social
development. The proper and sufficient electric power supply is one of the most important components
for economic development. The country has abundant hydroelectric resources in the territory and is in
progress of its development for domestic energy supply and export to its neighboring countries. In fact,
the new national 5-year’s socio-economic plan emphasizes reinforcement of the national power
network and development of hydroelectric resources as a basic infrastructure of the country.
Recently, two (2) IPP projects with large capacities have been developed for exporting electric energy to
Thailand. One is the Theun Hinboun power plant with an installed capacity of 210 MW that is funded
by EDL, Norwegian, Swedish and Thailand investment. Another is the Houay Ho power plant with its
installed capacity of 150 MW funded by EDL, Korean and Thailand investment. In addition, EDL has
also developed a medium scale power plant for domestic-use at Nam Leuk in the year 2000. Presently,
a number of MOUs (Memorandum of Understanding) and CAs (Concession Agreement) of IPP projects
are concluded, and medium scale power plants for domestic supply are planned by MIH/EDL for urgent
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Part I Master Plan
development for meeting the Government’s policy.
3.1.2 Electrification of the Country
According to MIH records, electrification rate of villages and households in the country were
respectively 20.0 % and 34.2 % in 1999. Regional electrification rates in 1999 are reported as below:
Table 3.1-1 Electrification Rates

Region Provinces Villages Households
North Phongsaly, Luang Namtha, Bokeo, Oudomxai, 6.98 % 13.73 %
Houaphanh
Central 1 Luang Prabang, Xayabuly, Vientiane, Vientiane 29.72 % 45.36 %
Municipality, Xieng Khouang, Bolikhamxai
Central 2 Khammouan, Savannakhet 25.54 % 39.58 %
South Saravan, Sekong, Champasak, Attapeu 16.70 % 25.44 %
Country 20.00 % 34.18 %
(Source: MIH - Statistics of Electricity Consumption in 1999 and Development Plans up to 2015)
Electric power supply in the country is made by State-owned EDL, provincial authorities and private
suppliers using small sized diesel engine-generators. In addition, some provinces supply electricity
imported from Thailand (Provinces of Bokeo, Xayabuly, Khammouan, and Savannakhet) or Vietnam
(provinces of Houaphanh, Bolikhamxai, and Savannakhet) to their demands.
The Government plans the electrification rate of the country to increase to 90 % till the year 2020. In
addition to the extension of transmission system and grid supply, development of such renewable
energy as solar and mini-hydro is indispensable in off-grid areas for the increase of electrification rate
of the country.
Electrification is a high priority of the GoL, and unserved areas are to be electrified by grid extension,
off-grid facilities and domestic off-take entitlements from IPP plants. Grid extension is applied to
supply electricity to main load centers and more densely populated areas with access roads. The high
cost of grid extension to consumers in difficult terrain gives advantage to off-grid electrification.
Off-grid options such as solar photovoltaic, micro-hydro, pico-hydro have proven to be viable in the
country, and the GoL expects strong supports for development of the renewable energy facilities from
donors and development agencies for electrification in the off-grid areas taking into account their clean
energy and poverty reduction characteristics.
3.1.3 Administration of Power Sector
The present institutional organization of GoL for the power sector is outlined below:
III - 2
Council of Ministers Prime Minister's Offce Cabinet
Committee f or Planning and Prov incial

Public Services
Cooperation (CPC) Authorities
Department of Investment
- Secretariat District
Promotion （DIP）
- Administration Authorities
- Personnel
Science, Technology & - Documents
Env ironment Agency （STEA） - Finance Rural Electricity
Serv ice Co. (ESCOs)
Lao National Committee f or
Energy （LNCE）
Ministry of Transport, Ministry of Ministry of

Ministry of Finance Industry and Hadicrafts
Communication,& Construction Agriculture & Forestry
Commercial Units Departme nts

Electricite du Laos （EDL） Department of Electricity
Power Sector Construction Co.
Figure 3.1-1 Power Sector Organization
3.2 Organizations and Functions of Institutions
Being regulated in the Electricity Law of the country as extracted in Section 3.5 of this report, the
national power sector is comprehensively managed by the Ministry of Industry and Handicraft. Under
the Ministry, Electricite du Lao (EDL) is organized for the various management and control of the
actual supply of electricity in the country. While, power distribution activities in provinces are
managed and operated by the provincial governments.
3.2.1 Ministry of Industry and Handicraft (MIH)
Depertm ent of
Electricity (DOE)
Power System Social & Environmen tal Adm inistrati on Managem ent & Rural electrification
Planning D iv.(PSPD) Mana gement Div. Div . Control Div. Division (RED)
Figure 3.2-1 Organization of MIH
Under the Electricity Law, MIH has primary responsibility for policy formulation and strategic
planning of the country’s industry and handicraft sector which are jointly undertaken with STEA, DIP,
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Part I Master Plan
and other agencies as relevant to the situation. MIH has also responsibility for preparing and
implementing legislation and regulations and for overseeing the performance of electricity enterprises.
Overall responsibility for development of the power sector is vested with the Department of Electricity
(DOE) within the MIH.
DOE has two power-related organizations: Power System Planning Division (PSPD) as the focal unit
for generation and transmission planning and development, and Rural Electrification Division (RED)
as the focal unit for off-grid electrification.
PSPD is responsible for strategic power planning, identification of hydropower projects and evaluation
of IPP proposals. It also develops projects not connected to the main grids and having an installed
capacity between 2 and 5 MW, and provides technical support for projects of 2 MW and less.
RED coordinates and implements projects generally not intended for connection to the main grids. It
does this function in accordance with the jurisdiction of the provincial and district offices. The work of
RED encompasses small-scale power systems including thermal, hydro, and dissemination of solar
photovoltaic technology.
MIH has no direct responsibility for operating and maintaining power facilities.
3.2.2 Electricite du Laos (EDL)
EDL was incorporated as a public company under a charter approved by MIH on December 29, 1997.
EDL is responsible for design, construction, and operation and maintenance of generating plants, and
transmission and substation facilities including power export. EDL is the implementing agency for
necessary development of the power systems including hydroelectric power projects for domestic power
supply, and is the Government's shareholder where the Government participates in the ownership of
IPP projects. Total number of EDL employees as of June 2002 was 3,146 including employees on leave
for study in local or abroad institutions. The overall organization of EDL as of June 2002 is illustrated
in Figure 3.2-2.
The Business Venture Department places under the GM’s office and has charge of business for IPP in
particular. The Generation Department is in charge of operation and maintenance of such hydropower
stations as Nam Ngum-1, Nam Leuk, Xeset-1, Selabam, and Nam Dong, and also manages export
energy to Thailand. Development Department has project office, system planning office, and
environment office. The Project Office manages development and construction of power stations,
transmission and distribution lines, and substations. The Distribution Department is in charge of
operation and maintenance of transmission lines, substations, and distribution networks, as well as
establishment/revision of EDL’s technical rules and quality control of power system. The Service
III - 4
Department manages mainly EDL’s training center, concrete/wooden pole manufacturing factories.
While, the Administration and Financial Department is for comprehensive management of the EDL’s
organization.
Power distribution activities in provinces including local generation by small hydropower or diesel
engines are managed and operated by provincial branch offices under the deputy general manager of the
Distribution Department of EDL. The branch offices are currently established in 11 provinces of
Vientiane, Savannakhet, Khammouane, Champasak, Luang Prabang, Saravane, Bokeo, Bolikhamxai,
Xayabuly, Oudomxai, and Houaphanh, and Vientiane municipality. Operation and maintenance of the
distribution facilities in the province is under control of each branch office.
Board of D irectors
General M anager
Internal Auditor GM's O ffice
Business
Venture
Adm inistration
Developmen t Generation Distribution Service
& F inance
Figure 3.2-2 Organization of EDL
3.2.3 Department of Investment Promotion (DIP)
The administration and regulation of foreign investment in the country is within the charter of DIP, a
high level committee chaired by the Prime Minister and including a Deputy Prime Minister, Minister of
MIH, and Minister of Finance as permanent members, together with other ministers as appropriate.
DIP is established within the Prime Minister’s Office and is the first point of contact for foreign
investors seeking a license to develop an electricity enterprise in the Lao PDR.
3.2.4 Committee for Planning and Cooperation (CPC)
CPC is the agency responsible for allocating the national budget. Established within the Prime
Minister’s Office, SPC performs a coordination role in directing the application of funds, including
ODA funds, in accordance with GoL policy and priorities.
3.2.5 Science, Technology and Environment Agency (STEA)
STEA is the main coordinating agency for environmental planning and management across all sectors.
Its responsibilities under the Environmental Protection Law include developing strategies for
implementing environmental policy, coordinating environmental management at a national and
III - 5
Part I Master Plan
sectoral level, and evaluating EIAs and environmental reports from sponsors of development projects.
It has authority over the licensing of organizations engaged in providing environmental services.
3.2.6 Lao National Committee for Energy (LNCE)
LNCE is the GoL agency with power to manage the development and marketing of power projects for
export to ensure effective implementation of strategic plans for energy and electric power development
in the country. It negotiates, on behalf of GoL, the matters concerning investment in power projects,
regional grid interconnection, export sales of electricity, and contracts with project sponsors.
3.2.7 Provincial and District Authorities
Isolated grids of capacity less than 2 MW fall within the jurisdiction of the provincial authorities and
MIH. Very small off-grid systems of less than 100 kW, including solar photovoltaic, micro-hydro, are
within the jurisdiction of the district authorities and MIH.
Some provincial, district authorities own and operate isolated rural grids supplying towns, villages and
remote communities from small-scale hydropower, diesel and solar generators. In some cases,
individuals own and operate very small distribution networks supplying groups of houses within a
village.
Isolated off-grids with generating capacity of less than 2 MW are managed at the jurisdiction of the
provincial authorities. Very small off-grid systems of less than 100 kW including solar photovoltaic,
micro-hydro, and pico-hydro are within the jurisdiction of the district authorities.
3.2.8 Private Sector Participation to Power Development Activities
The Government has a principle policy to promote development of hydropower projects to increase
export of electric energy to neighboring countries with participation of private investors (IPPs) in the
form of BOT (Build, Operation, and Transfer) or BOOT (Build, Own, Operate, and Transfer), and with
the transfer period of 20 to 30 years after commissioning.
Foreign investment into the country is controlled by the Department of Investment Promotion (DIP) of
the Prime Minister’s Office. The DIP is the only organization to render services to development
investors who acquired licenses to execute development of electric projects. A Memorandum of
Understanding (MOU) to development of a project is issued when the Government accepted a proposal
from a development investor. After that, the investor is allowed to evaluate, design, construct, and
operate the project.
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3.2.9 Power Sector Construction Company
The company’s functions are preparation of rural electrification plans, investment to facilities to
promote rural electrification and promotion of electrified household products.
3.3 Existing Power Facilities
3.3.1 Generation Facilities including IPP
More than 97 % of total generating facilities in the country are of hydropower. Nam Ngum 1 power
station supplies energy to domestic demand in the Vientiane area and Thailand since its commissioning
in 1971, and then to the Luang Prabang area after the year 1994. Recently, large-scale Theun Hinboun
(210 MW) and Houay Ho (150 MW) power stations were completed under IPP form and export their
energy to Thailand. The existing power plants including IPP plants for export purpose are listed below:
Table 3.3-1 Existing Power Plants

Plant Location Max. Output Production Owner Year of
(H: Hydropower) (Province) (MW) (GWh/year) Commission
Theun Hinboun (H) Khammouane 210 1,620 IPP 1998
Nam Ngum 1 (H) Vientiane 150 960 EDL 1971
Houay Ho (H) Attapeu 150 617 IPP 1999
Nam Leuk (H) Vientiane 60 245 EDL 2000
Xeset 1 (H) Saravane 45 181 EDL 1991
Selabam (H) Champask 5 34 EDL 1969
Nam Phao (H) Bolikhamxai 1.6 7 Province 1995
Nam Ko (H) Oudomxai 1.5 8 Province 1996
Nam Dong (H) L. Prabang 1 5 EDL 1970
Micro-hydro (24 locations) 1.3 - Province -
Diesel (11 locations) 15.2 - Province -
640.6 3,677
Micro-hydro and diesel power plants are operated only for small off-grid rural supply.
IPP’s plants of Theun Hinboun and Houay Ho are export-oriented power plants, and their guaranteed
capacity at the border points is 187 MW and 126 MW, respectively. These power plants have domestic
off-take arrangements equivalent to 5 % of output (both energy and load) of the plants.
The Nam Ngum 1 and Nam Leuk power plants (210 MW in total) supply their energy to the Central 1
region and a part of the Northern region, while the Xeset 1 and Selabam power systems (50 MW in
total) are operated for supply energy to the southern region. Surplus energy of these 2 systems is
exported to Thailand through 115 kV line from Phonetong and Thanaleng substation, and Bang Yo
(Pakse) substation, respectively.
Two (2) small hydropower plants are operated for supply to off-grid systems of provincial authorities,
III - 7
Part I Master Plan
while one (1) plant near the EDL grid is connected into the grid. Micro-hydropower plants and off-grid
diesel plants are individually operated by provincial or district authorities.
3.3.2 Transmission Line and Substation Facilities
Main transmission system voltage for domestic supply in the country is 115 kV. Currently, there are 4
separate 115 kV transmission systems operated which are not interconnected to each other.
(1) Nam Ngum 115 kV System
Luang Prabang SS
Vangvieng SS
Nam Ngum HPP Pakxan SS

Thala t SwS
Nam Leuk HPP
Phonesoung SS
Tha Ngo n SS
Phonetong SS
Laos Thanale ng SS
Thailand
Bungkan SS
Nong Khai SS
Udon II Udon I
Figure 3.3-1 Nam Ngum 115 kV Transmission System (as of 2002)
The system has 2 major hydropower plants of the Nam Ngum 1 with 150 MW and the Nam Leuk with
60 MW. This 115 kV system is the largest system in the country at present and supplies energy to
Vientiane/Pakxan area and Vangvieng/Luang Prabang area. Energy delivery to the Vientiane area is
achieved through the Phone Tong and Thanaleng, and other substations. While, energy to the
Vangvieng/Luang Prabang area is delivered through Vangvieng and Luang Prabang substations. In
addition, new transmission lines commenced to deliver the energy directly from the Nam Leuk power
plant to Pakxan area in Bolikhamxai province through the new Pakxan substation.
Three (3) circuits of 115 kV lines are operated from the Nam Ngum 1 power station to the Phonetong
substation extending to EGAT power system in Thailand for power export. Out of 3 circuits, single
circuit line is dropped at the Thalat switching station, the Phonesoung substation, and Tha Ngon
substation from the Phonetong substation and the Thanaleng substation on the way to Thailand.
Remaining double circuits line from the Nam Ngum 1 power plant are connected directly to the
Phonetong substation and the EGAT system.
Single circuit line leaving at Thalat switching station is extended to Luang Prabang substation over 212
III - 8
km via Vangvieng substation for supplying energy to both towns.
(2) Thakhek 115 kV System
A 115 kV design transmission line with double circuits is operated as 22 kV system for energy import
from Thailand to Thakhek town between EGAT’s Nakhon Phanom substation and Thakhek 22 kV
substation in Khammouan province.
(3) Savannakhet 115 kV System
The Savannakhet 115 kV system with 115/22 kV Pakbo substation is receiving power from the EGAT
system of Thailand through a 115 kV line for energy import to Savannakhet town because of
unavailability of domestic power supply system at present.
(4) Xeset 115 kV System
There are 2 power plants in the area; Xeset 1 (45 MW) and Selabam (5 MW) power stations. The
system supplies power to rural area in Saravan province and Pakse town in Champasak province. The
surplus energy of this system is exported to Thailand. The Xeset 1 power station is a run-of river plant,
and a considerable import of energy from Thailand is required in dry season, for which this 115 kV line
is utilized.
The above transmission systems are operated by EDL for domestic energy supply and partially for
export to Thailand. Existing 115/22 kV substations on those systems are summarized in the following
table.
Table 3.3-2 Existing 115/22 kV Substations (as of July 2002)

Substation Supply Area Number and Capacity Total Capacity
Luang Prabang Central 1 1 x 12.5 MVA 12.5 MVA
Vangvieng Central 1 1 x 5 + 1 x 12.5 MVA 17.5 MVA
Phonesoung Central 1 1 x 10 MVA 10 MVA
Tha Ngon Central 1 1 x 22 MVA 22 MVA
Phonetong Central 1 3 x 30 MVA 90 MVA
Thanaleng Central 1 1 x 22 + 1 x 10 MVA 32 MVA
Pakxan Central 1 1 x 5 MVA 5 MVA
Pakbo Central 2 2 x 20 MVA 40 MVA
Bang Yo Southern 1 x 16 + 2 x 8 MVA 32 MVA
Total 281 MVA
(Source: EDL Annual Report 2000 & System Planning Office)
Besides the domestic-use 115 kV systems, two 230 kV double circuit lines are operated to export the
generated power of the two IPP power plants, Theun Hinboun and Houay Ho, to Thailand. The
transmission lines from the power plants to the international border points were constructed and are
operated by IPP of each power plant. These two lines are used exclusively for power export, and are not
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Part I Master Plan
connected with the EDL power grid.
3.3.3 Distribution Facilities
EDL’s medium voltage (MV) distribution is principally 22 kV. Those 22 kV distribution feeders are
extended to urban and rural areas from 22 kV buses of 115/22 kV substations in EDL grid or diesel and
small hydropower plants in provincial areas on overhead lines or underground cables.
The low voltage distribution systems for supply to general consumers are generally of 380/220 V, 3
phase and 4-wire.
Following are summary of the MV and LV distribution lines in the whole country as of 2000.
Table 3.3-3 Existing Distribution Facilities

Voltage Province Length Voltage Province Length
35 kV Houaphanh 160 km 0.4 kV Vientiane & Municipality 2,110 km
22 kV Vientiane & Municipality 1,370 km Luang Prabang 161 km
Luang Prabang 162 km Khammouane 477 km
Khammouane 847 km Savannakhet 591 km
Savannakhet 984 km Champasak 671 km
Champasak 696 km Saravane 378 km
Saravane 431 km Bokeo 31 km
Bokeo 18 km Houaphanh 104 km
Bolikhamxai 163 km Bolikhamxai 149 km
Total of 22 kV line 4,671 km Total of 0.4 kV line 3,668 km
(Source: EDL Annual Report 2000)
3.3.4 International Connecting Lines
There are interconnecting lines between Lao PDR and Thailand and Vietnam for energy export and
import. Besides the aforementioned 115 kV lines, 22 kV systems are operated by EDL branch offices
for energy import from Thailand at Huayxai in Bokeo province, Ken Thao in Xayabuly province,
Thakhek in Khammouan province, and Pakbo in Savannakhet province, in addition to 35 kV systems
for energy import from Vietnam at Xam Nua in Houaphanh province.
Following are those lines including 2 IPP lines (Theun Hinboun and Houay Ho Power Station) from Lao
PDR to Thailand as of June 2002.
III - 10
Table 3.3-4 Inter-connection Lines

Section Voltage (kV) Circuit Conductor
Lao PDR Thailand or Vietnam Facility Operation Design Inst. (mm2)
Theun Hinboun P/S Nakon Phanom (EGAT) 230 230 2 2 644
Houay Ho P/S Ubon Rachani 2 (EGAT) 230 230 2 2 644
Phonetong S/S Udon 1 & 2 (EGAT) 115 115 2 2 240
Thanaleng S/S Nong Khai (EGAT) 115 115 1 1 95
Pakxan S/S Bounkan (EGAT) 115 115 2 1 240
Thakhek S/S Nakhon Phanom (EGAT) 115 22 2 2 169
Savannakhet S/S Mukdahan 2 (EGAT) 115 115 2 1 240
Bang Yo S/S Sirindikhorn P/S (EGAT) 115 115 1 1 240
Xam Neua S/S Pahang (EVN) 35 35 1 1 150
Bokeo Xieng Khong (PEA) 22 22 1 1 n.a
Kenthao Thali (PEA) 22 22 1 1 n.a
Bolikhamxay Vietnam (EVN) 22 22 1 1 n.a
Savannakhet Vietnam (EVN) 22 22 1 1 n.a
Note : EGAT : Electricity Generation Authority of Thailand
PEA : Provincial Electricity Authority in Thailand
EVN : Electricity of Vietnam
3.3.5 Communications Facilities in Power Sector
There are four power systems operated in the country. For operating and managing the system, the
Nam Ngum 1 power system is provided with PLC (power line carrier communications) system in
addition to radio communications, covering all power station and 115 kV substations in the network.
Communications among 115 kV substations and 22 kV distribution substations in the Vientiane city
and its suburban are also made through the PLC and radio facilities.
The Xeset power system is operated and managed through PLC in the section of the power station and
the Bang Yo substation. While, other two systems use a public telephone system for their operations,
though their supply areas are limited.
Communications among those four power systems are made through a public telephone, because the
systems are not connected but operated independently.
3.3.6 Load Dispatching Center
At the present, no load dispatching center covering the whole system is in the country.
The 115 kV Phonetong substation in Vientiane and the Nam Ngum 1 power station are controlling and
managing operation of the Nam Ngum power system including energy export to Thailand.
A control room in the EDL’s Sisaket substation has a mimic board to show the real time operating
situation of 115 kV Phonetong, Luang Prabang and Thanaleng substations and all 22 kV distribution
substations in the municipality. The board indicates the on-off positions of main switchgear and such
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Part I Master Plan
electric conditions as voltage, frequency, bus voltage, active and reactive power, etc. of each substation.
A data logger operating in the room stores all the operation data and is capable of automatic
printing-out of those data at 24:00 hours. The operation elements are transmitted from the substations
to the room through PLC system. Two 22 kV substations (Dongnasok and Thatluang) are operated by
a remote control mechanism from the Sisaket control room.
In expanding the national power grid, a comprehensive dispatching center is indispensable.
3.4 Historical Electricity Demand and Supply
3.4.1 Past Energy Consumption Record
Energy consumption and peak loads of each province and whole country are tabulated in Table 3.4-1.
Energy consumption stipulated in the same table show the aggregated energy sales measured at
consumer ends.
The summary of energy consumption of the country is illustrated in Figure 3.4-1and shown in Table
3.4-2.
Energy Consumption (GWh)
700
600 Southern
Central II
500 Central I
Northern
400
300
200
100
0
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Year
Figure 3.4-1 Past Trend of Energy Consumption
III - 12
Table 3.4-2 Summary of Energy Consumption and Peak Load

Ave. Growth Rate (%)
Descriptions/Year1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 92-2000 95-2000
Annual Energy Consumption (GWh)
Northern - - - - 1.0 2.8 4.4 5.5 7.0 - -
Central 1 204.6 200.9 213.2 258.9 287.8 323.1 375.4 402.1 462.0 10.7 12.3
Central 2 33.1 38.2 45.0 53.2 61.7 72.1 87.1 102.2 114.2 16.7 16.5
Southern 15.1 17.8 21.2 25.3 29.4 36.1 47.7 57.3 65.4 20.2 20.9
Whole country 252.7 256.9 279.4 337.5 379.9 434.1 514.5 567.0 648.6 12.5 14.0
Peak Load (MW)
Northern - - - - 0.4 1.0 1.2 2.7 4.2 - -
Central 1 51.4 50.5 55.7 64.0 70.6 77.0 90.1 102.7 119.9 11.2 13.4
Central 2 8.7 10.4 11.7 13.8 16.9 20.7 21.2 25.5 29.4 16.5 16.3
Southern 4.3 5.1 6.1 7.2 7.5 10.3 13.6 16.5 18.6 20.1 20.8
Whole country 64.4 66.0 73.4 85.0 95.4 109.0 126.2 147.4 172.1 13.1 15.2
(Source: EDL, System Planning Office)
The table shows:
(a) Total energy consumption in the country was 648.6 GWh in 2000, and increased from 337.5
GWh in 1995.
(b) An average growth rate of energy consumption in the whole country in a period of 1992 to
2000 was 12.5%, while that in the latest five years of 1995 to 2000 was 14.0%. Southern
region showed remarkable increase of the annual energy consumption with 20.9% growth rate
in the last five years.
(c) In 2000, the share of the Central 1 region was 71% of total energy consumption, followed by
the Central 2 region at 18%, the Southern region at 10%, and the Northern region at 1%. In
the period of 1992 to 2000, there was not drastic change in share of each region, however the
Central 1 region decreased his share and the Central 2 and Southern regions increased their
shares.
3.4.2 Past Record of Peak Load
Historical trend of peak demand of each region and whole country is shown on Table 3.4-1 and 3.4-2
and illustrated in Figure 3.4-2.
The peak load of the whole country was 85 MW in 1995 and increased to 172 MW in 2000.
The average annual growth rate of peak load was 13.1% during the period from 1992 to 2000, while the
rate during the recent five years (1995 to 2000) was 15.2%. The growth rate of peak load was slightly
higher than that of energy consumption.
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Part I Master Plan
Peak Demand (MW)

200
180 Northen
Central I
160
Central II
Southern
140
Total (Whole country)
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Year
Figure 3.4-2 Past Trend of Peak Demand
Daily load curves of typical substations are shown on Figure 3.4-3.
Daily load curves of Phonetong substation and Thanaleng substation, which are located in Vientiane
Municipality, show peak load twice a day. The first peak is appeared in the daytime between 11:00 hour
to 15:00 hour for supplying mainly industrial and commercial loads in the metropolitan area and the
second is appeared on 20:00 hour in the night for residential loads.
Pakxan substation has recorded the daytime peak, much bigger than night peak. Most of peak load in
the daytime is supplied to irrigation pumps running, as energy consumption in agriculture sector shares
large extent of total energy consumption of this substation.
Banyo substation is supplying to relatively wide area in mainly Champasak province, where residential
demand shares more than 55 % of total load. Daily load curve shows typical residential load, having a
fairly constant load during the daytime and a sharp evening peak at 19:00 hours.
3.4.3 Energy Consumption by Consumer Type
The past energy consumption by consumer type is shown on Table 3.4-3 for all provinces and whole
country for the period of 1991 to 2000, in which energy consumption was classified into seven
categories, i.e. Industry, Agriculture, Enterprises, Entertainment, Government office, Residential and
Embassies. Share by each category is shown in Table 3.4-4 for whole country.
III - 14
Table 3.4-4 Shares of Energy Consumption by Category for whole Country

(Unit: %)
Agri- Enter- Enter- Residen-
Year Total Industry Gov. office Embassy
culture prises tainment tial
1991 100 9 4 21 - 14 49 4
1992 100 10 5 23 - 11 47 4
1993 100 12 4 17 - 13 51 3
1994 100 16 3 14 - 12 52 3
1995 100 19 4 12 - 13 50 2
1996 100 21 4 11 - 12 51 2
1997 100 21 4 9 2 11 50 2
1998 100 21 6 10 2 11 49 2
1999 100 20 6 10 2 10 50 1
2000 100 21 5 11 2 9 51 1
The following are found from the table:
(a) The share of residential energy consumption is 51% in 2000, the largest among seven
categories, which has remained almost constant in the last 10 years.
(b) The share of energy consumption in industrial sector has increased from 9% in 1991 to 21% in
2000. Industrial sector may increase its share in future.
(c) Commercial and service sector, which aggregates enterprises, entertainment and government
offices sectors, shares 22% of total consumption, nearly same with that of industry sector.
The detailed data relating to numbers of customers by province was not made available to the team, but
numbers of customers by category for whole country only is available as shown in Table 3.4-5.
Table 3.4-5 Number of Customer by Category

Category 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
1 Industry - - - - 1,737 2,131 2,484 2,971 3,491
2 Agriculture - - - - 144 282 420 580 637
3 Enterprises - - - - 3,373 7,010 7,446 8,439 9,127
4 Entertainment - - - - 149 125 100 132
5 Government office - - - - 3,328 3,558 3,856 4,145 4,581
6 Residential - - - - 125,080 151,785 183,660 209,783 231,419
7 Embassies - - - - 422 393 339 299 261
Total 93,256 101,138 111,226 117,922 134,084 165,308 198,330 226,317 249,648
Numbers of household customers supplied by the EDL's power supply system has increased with
average annual growth rate of 16%. This means the electrification program has progressed with
relatively higher pace in the recent five year.
3.4.4 Gross Generation in Lao PDR
The gross generation of the country in 1981 to 2000 is tabulated in Table 3.4-6, with classifications
according to the type of generation and provincial-wise generation. The total generated energy in the
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Part I Master Plan
country was 1,579 GWh in 2000, increased from 833 GWh in 1990 at an annual rate of 6.6% in 1990
to 2000. Almost 100% of total generated energy supplied by hydropower stations, out of which around
87% is generated by Nam Ngum 1 (150 MW) and Nam Leuk (60 MW). As seen in Table 3.4-6, the
addition of Nam Leuk Hydropower station has made the remarkable increase in the generating
capability of electricity in the country.
As discussed in Section 3.3, the EDL is exporting surplus power to Thailand from the Nam Ngum
115kV system (Central 1 region) and from the Xeset 115kV system (Southern region). On the contrary,
the EDL is importing electricity mainly from Thailand and partly from Vietnam at several points over
the country. Xeset 115kV system needs import of energy in dry season due to the shortage of inflowing
water. The details of import and export of energy are shown on Tables 3.4-7 and 3.4-8 respectively. In
the year 2000, EDL exported 863 GWh and imported 160 GWh of energy.
The energy balance of whole country is tabulated in Table 3.4-9, and the summary of energy balance is
illustrated in the Figure 3.4-4.
IPP System Loss

Import
0.2% 14%
9.2%
Export
Generation Domestic Consumption
49%
90.7% 37%
Generation & Import Supply
Figure 3.4-4 Energy Balance in 2000
More than 90% of the required energy including export purpose is generated by EDL's own power
stations and the other is imported from abroad and IPP power plants. In terms of energy consumption,
49% of the available energy is exported to Thailand and the rest for domestic consumption including
system loss.
The available annual energy generation by EDL's own power stations is 1,425 GWh with 261 MW peak
power at the present, which might be capable to meet the energy requirement of domestic consumers in
the year 2000, if all the power systems in the country are interconnected to each other. Total energy
consumption of the country in 2000 was recorded at 640 GWh with 172 MW peak demand.
III - 16
3.5 Electricity Law
The electricity law of the Lao PDR was forced on August 29, 1997. The law consists of 12 chapters and
56 articles for regulating the management of the national power sector and the national organizations of
generation, transmission and distribution fields.
For this master plan study, particular Articles for electric power equipment and facilities (Article-23
and Article-27) for power tariffs (Article-32), and for power export and import (Article-37) are referred
to. It is noted that the Law does not provide all the details and supplemental articles or separate
regulations/ordinances/clauses/provisions will be required to substantially complete the Law, as
mentioned in ADB report for LNGC. The law unofficially translated into English is enclosed in
Appendix 3.5 to this main report.
(1) Electric Power Equipment and Facilities
(a) Equipment (Article-23)

The equipment provided to facilities should be as below:
i) their technical level to be higher than standard,

ii) their security to be guaranteed,
iii) energy-saving type, and
iv) their characteristics to be common over the country.
v) MIH should determine, approve, and inspection all the products/facilities domestically
manufactured and imported.
(b) Transmission Facilities (Article-27)

Transmission facilities should be constructed taking into account safety so that damages to
nature and people’s properties would be maintained at minimum. People should have duties
to maintain all facilities such as towers, conductors, substations, others for safe operation.
(2) Power Tariffs (Article-32)
The tariffs are classified into 4 types: export/import power, domestic, industries and agriculture,
consumers in villages and remote areas, and other services than the above. The Government should
agree on proposed tariffs when demanded.
(3) Power Export and Import (Articles-35, 36 and 37)
The Government promotes the power export as far as the supply to the domestic demand for industry
and socio-economic development is sufficient. Power import is accepted provided that it is necessary
for socio-economic development and the Government agreed.
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Part I Master Plan
Power transmission from a country to another country via Lao territory should be made through the
Lao’s transmission network. In case that the national network is not available for the purpose, the
Government will accept to use the facilities constructed by the enterprise in a specific period, but the
facilities should be managed and inspected. The international transmission system should satisfy the
following conditions:
(a) To suppress affects to environment and damages to inhabitants,

(b) To pay transit charge of energy and other service charge in addition to compensation to
damages caused by construction of the transmission facilities, and
(c) To accept the Government’s use of the transmission facilities, when the Government needs to
do so.
3.6 Power Sector Policy Statement
On the basis of the Electricity Law and 5 years Socio-Economic Plan, MIH prepared “Power Sector
Policy Statement” setting out the GoL’s priorities and objectives for the development of the power sector
and policy initiatives for achieving these objectives. The statement is enclosed in “Materials
Collected”.
In the statement, MIH formulated following four priorities of the power sector policy.
(1) To maintain and expand an affordable, reliable and sustainable electricity supply in the
country to promote economic and social development,
(2) To promote power generation for export to provide revenues to meet the GoL development
objectives
(3) To develop and enhance the legal and regulatory frame work to effectively direct and facilitate
power sector development, and
(4) To reform institutions and institutional structures to clarify responsibilities, strengthen
commercial functions and streamline administration.
3.6.1 Specific Objectives
Specific objectives of the four priority areas are defined in the Statement are as below.
For the first priority area :
(Objective 1.1) Expansion and improvement of main grid supplies,

(Objective 1.2) Expansion and improvement of off-grid supplies,
(Objective 1.3) Increase of energy self-sufficiency and security, and
(Objective 1.4) Implementation of power projects for maximum long-term sustainability
III - 18
For the second priority area :
(Objective 2.1) Development of power trade with GMS countries,

(Objective 2.2) Development of IPP project selection and implementation procedures,
(Objective 2.3) Maximization of Lao benefits from IPP developments, and
(Objective 2.4) Development of transmission infrastructure development for regional trade.
For the third priority area :
(Objective 3.1) Review of legislation governing the power sector,

(Objective 3.2) Strengthening of laws protecting the environment,
(Objective 3.3) Development of legal framework to align with international investment practices,
and
(Objective 3.4) Development of the legal framework for off-grid development.
For the fourth priority area :
(Objective 4.1) Restructure of the power sector institutions to clarify responsibilities for GoL’s
national and regional power interests,
(Objective 4.2) Definition of clear electricity pricing guidelines,
(Objective 4.3) Establishment of EDL on a sound commercial footing, and
(Objective 4.4) Creation of institutional arrangements to promote sustainable off-grid electrification.
3.6.2 Policy Implementation Plan
In order to accomplish the objectives, MIH formulates the implementation plan itemizing the policy
priorities and the specific objectives. Policy in relation to each objective and its specific implementation
plan is annexed to the statement.
3.7 Electricity Standards
There are neither technical standards nor regulations relating the design, manufacturing, installation,
installation, inspections and tests of electrical facilities, equipment, products, etc., in the current Lao
PDR, although a first stage general law for the environmental conservation was established.
In the regional conferences, MIH/EDL have expressed several principal definitions for technical
particulars of the power system formulation, but those have not been issued as the national standards or
regulations.
Current electric facilities installed in the country have been planned, designed, manufactured, built,
inspected and tested by international consultants for the individual project. Majority of standards
employed by those consultants seems to base on the recommendation of IEC, but there are no unified
III - 19
Part I Master Plan
standards among the projects. Taking an example for transmission systems, insulation level of the
same voltage lines and substations under operation and under construction are different among the
systems; numbers of insulator units per set for 115 kV line are in variety of 8 to 10 for suspension type;
necessary insulation clearances at structures are indefinite; minimum ground clearance of power
conductors are inconsistent.
In Article 23 of the Electricity Law, MIH are to determine, approve, inspect and conduct work
inspections on the quality of all types of electrical equipment produced domestically and imported from
abroad. However, no articles for establishment of the national standards are stipulated. JICA is now
assisting MIH in dispatching a team (STEP: Electric Power Technical Standard Establishment) for
establishment of the basic electrical standards targeting for completing by the year 2003. The standards
are expected for the national indicator.
This master plan study will be examined in accordance with the STEP's philosophy.
3.8 Power Tariff System
Article 32 of the Electricity Law regulates that power tariffs of domestic and export/import should be
approved by the Government.
3.8.1 Domestic Power Tariff System
Energy consumption is charged according to rates in kWh, and there is no capacity charge based on the
contract power. Uniform tariffs are applied throughout whole the EDL supply area and also provincial
supply areas. Time-of-day or seasonal differential tariffs are not adopted.
The tariff system has 7 categories applied for various consumers: residence, industry and handicrafts,
commercial and business, entertainment, irrigation, governmental agencies, and diplomacy and
foreigners. The governmental subsidy had been given to the previous system, in particular to the
category of residence. The subsidy has been reduced for improvement of balanced and sustainable
operation of power supply utility. Further, the Government increased, in February 1999, the power
tariffs (excluding that for the diplomacy and international organizations) by 2 times the previous tariffs
for supplement the falling exchange rate of national currency Kip and improvement of EDL’s financial
condition. This increase is to continue further till December 2001 every month at rates of 3 to 3.5 %.
Following are the historical and increasing EDL’s power tariffs per kWh by the end of the year 2001.
III - 20
Table 3.8-1 Historical EDL’s Power Tariffs (by Dec. 2001)

(Tariff Unit: Kip/kWh)
Category 1998 Jan. Increase June Dec. Dec.
1999 /Month 2000 2000 2001
Residence
1 ~ 50 kWh 10.5 15.8 30% 32 39 56
51 ~ 100 kWh 21.0 31.5 3.5 % 69 88 133
101 ~ 200 kWh 31.5 47.3 3.5 % 104 132 200
More than 201 kWh - - 3.5 % 225 287 433
201 ~ 500 kWh 84.0 78.8 - - - -
500+kWh 63.0 126.0 - - - -
Industry and Handicrafts 63.0 94.5 3.5 % 208 265 400
Commercial and Business 84.0 126.0 3.0 % 257 316 450
Entertainment 105.0 157.5 3.0 % 321 395 563
Irrigation 26.3 39.4 3.5 % 87 110 167
Governmental Agencies 63.0 94.5 3.5 % 208 265 400
Diplomacy & Foreigners US$ 0.095 US$ 0.095 2.0 % US$ 0.0969 US$ 0.0969 US$ 0.0988
(Source: EDL Corporate Planning Office) (Exchange Rate as of December 2001: US$ 1 = 9,550 Kips)
The Government decided to apply the following new tariff system with monthly rate increase of 2.3 %
from May 2002 by the year 2005, on the basis of examination of a foreign consultant. The consultant
also estimates LRMC at customers’ end to be 741 Kips/kWh. The Government announced to set a
subsidy to customers.
Table 3.8-2 New Power Tariffs (Effective on May 2002)

(Tariff Unit: Kip/kWh)
May Increasing Rates Forecasted
Category 2002 Monthly Rate May 2003 May 2004 May 2005
Residence
1 ~ 50 kWh 64 2.3 % 84 110 145
51 ~ 150 kWh 150 2.3 % 197 259 340
More than 151 kWh 433 2.3 % 569 747 982
Industry and Handicrafts 360 2.3 % 473 621 816
Commercial and Business 468 2.3 % 615 808 1,061
Entertainment 620 2.3 % 815 1,070 1,406
Irrigation 167 2.3 % 219 288 379
Governmental Agencies 400 2.3 % 525 690 907
Diplomacy & Foreigners US$ 0.099 US$ 0.099 US$ 0.099 US$ 0.099 US$ 0.099
(Source: EDL Corporate Planning Office)
3.8.2 EDL's Export and Import Tariffs
Tariffs for energy export and import have been determined through regular negotiations with the related
authorities of Thailand and Vietnam. The common export and import rates are applied to the power
trade with EGAT of Thailand for the Nam Ngum/Nam Leuk, Savannakhet and Thakhek systems.
The tariffs were agreed in "Power Purchase/Sale Agreement between EGAT and EDL" on December 13,
1999 and are effective from October 1, 1999 to September 30, 2003.
III - 21
Part I Master Plan
It is noted that no limits of peak load and energy for trading are specified in the agreement, but trading
is to be achieved in the amount of as much as EDL is able to deliver and in the amount of as much as
EGAT is able to do so.
Table 3.8-3 Trading Tariffs for Export and Import

Hours Export Import
Peak Time 1.22 Bahts/kWh Export Tariff plus 0.5 US Cent/kWh =1.41 Bahts/kWh
(18:30 ~ 21:30)
Off-Peak Time 1.14 Bahts/kWh Export Tariff plus 0.5 US Cent/kWh =1.33 Bahts/kWh
(21:30 ~ 18:00)
(Source : EDL, System Planning Office)
Note: - Tariffs of the off-peak time are applied for the whole day on Sunday.
- Payment is made in US dollar. (50% by a fixed rate of US$ 1 = Bahts 38, 50% by an exchange rate on paying date)
As seen in the above table, the import tariffs from EGAT are set at approximately 16 % to 17 % higher
rates than those for export to EGAT.
As seen below, the import tariffs from PEA (Provincial Electricity Authority) of Thailand and Vietnam
are set at further higher rate than EGAT by 30 % and 5 to 58 %, respectively.
Table 3.8-4 Other Import Tariffs

Hours Energy Tariff Demand Charge
Import from PEA of Thailand to Bokeo and Ken Thao
Peak Time (9:00 ~ 22:00) 2.6950 Bahts/kWh 132.93 Bahts/kW
Off-Peak Time (22:00 ~ 9:00) 1.1924 Bahts/kWh 132.93 Bahts/kW
Import from Vietnam to Huaphanh and Bolikhamxai 0.04-0.06 US$/kWh
(Source: EDL, System Planning Office)
3.8.3 IPP Tariffs for Export to EGAT and EDL
Power rates for IPP projects are determined project by project through negotiation between EGAT and
respective power supply consortium. Upon conclusion of negotiations, a Power Purchase Agreement
(PPA) is signed.
(1) Theun Hinboun IPP
The PPA of Theun Hinboun IPP and EGAT stipulates their trading tariffs in the following manners:
(a) Pre-commercial operation : 0.0341 US$/kWh

(b) After 1st unit commissioned : 0.0390 US$/kWh compounded annually by 3 % increase
(c) After fully commissioned to : The rate of the year being compounded annually by 1 %
10th contract year increase
(d) After 11th contract year : To be negotiated
EGAT pays IPP for its imported energy in 50 % by US$ currency and 50 % in Thai Baht currency which
III - 22
is fixed by EGAT at 25.35 Bahts/US$.
EDL's purchasing tariff from the IPP for domestic supply is set at a lower rate than that to EGAT with
some discount. The tariffs since its commercial operation to date were as below:
Table 3.8-5 Historical Tariff (Theun Hinboun IPP)

Year Tariff to EGAT Tariff to EDL
1998 4.84 US cent/kWh 3.86 US cent/kWh
(Source: EDL System Planning Office)
(2) Houay Ho IPP
Trade is made under the similar conditioned agreement between EGAT and IPP. Payment by EGAT is
made in Thai Baht currency and US$ currency. In PPA of Houay Ho IPP, escalation of both tariff for
Baht and US$ currencies is to be determined in proportion to Consumer Price Indexes in Thailand and
US. Thirty-five (35) percent of tariff is subject to the escalation.
EDL explains that the following are tentative electricity tariffs to EGAT and EDL.
Table 3.8-6 Historical Tariff (Houay Ho IPP)

Year Tariff to EGAT Tariff to EDL (*)
2002 5.15 US cent/kWh n.a
2003 (est.) 5.24 US cent/kWh n.a
(Source: EDL System Planning Office) (*): Figures from EDL's records
3.9 O & M of Transmission System
3.9.1 Present O & M Organization of EDL
There is no specific department organized at the present for the operation and maintenance of EDL
power system.
(1) Hydropower Stations
Operation and maintenance of the existing EDL power stations (Nam Ngum 1, Nam Leuk, Selaban,
Xeset 1, and Nam Dong) are responsible of each power station under control of the generation division
in the head office.
III - 23
Part I Master Plan
It is noted that the diesel generator plants in the provincial towns are operated and maintained by EDL's
local service centers at EDL's responsibility.
(2) 115 kV Transmission Lines and Substations
The existing 115 kV transmission lines and substations are managed and controlled under the
responsibility of Distribution Division in the head office. Each section of the lines and substations are
operated and maintained by the following branch offices organized under the division.
(a) Nam Ngum 1-Nam Leuk - Phonetong - Thanaleng- the border with Thailand and Nam
Leuk-Pakxan 115 kV transmission lines and substations - by Vientiane Municipality branch
office,
(b) Thalat - Vangvieng 115 kV transmission line - by Vientiane Province branch office,
(c) Vangvieng - Luang Prabang 115 kV transmission line and substation - by Luang Prabang
branch office,
(d) Xeset 1 - Pakse - the border with Thailand 115 kV transmission line and substation - by
Saravan and Champasak branch offices.
(3) Distribution Networks
The Distribution Division organized in the head office is fully responsible for the overall distribution
networks over the country. Local HV (High Voltage), MV (Medium Voltage) and LV (Low Voltage)
networks are operated and maintained by the following 12 EDL branch offices organized under the
Division (As of July 2002).
i) Vientiane Municipality Branch Office,

ii) Vientiane Province Branch Office,
iii) Luang Prabang Branch Office,
iv) Houaphanh Branch Office,
v) Saravan Branch Office,
vi) Champasak Branch Office,
vii) Khammouane Branch Office,
viii) Savannakhet Branch Office,
ix) Bolikhamxay Branch Office,
x) Bokeo Branch Office,
xi) Xayaboury Branch Office, and
xii) Oudomxai Branch Office.
While, the following branch offices are also responsible for operation and maintenance of facilities for
energy import/export from/to Thailand and Vietnam.
- Bokeo branch office for import form Thailand at 22 kV Bokeo substation,
III - 24
- Houaphanh branch office for import from Vietnam at 35 kV Xam Nua substation,
- Xayabuly branch office for import from Thailand at 22 kV Ken Tha substation,
- Khammouan branch office for import from Thailand at 22 kV Thakhek substation, and
- Savannakhet branch office for import from Thailand at 115 kV Pakbo substation and
import from Vietnam at 22 kV Xepon substation.
It is noted that province-owned MV and LV networks are managed by Industrial and Handicraft
department of each province.
3.9.2 Present O & M Manuals for Power Facilities
Each power station operates and maintains the facilities following to instructions stipulated in the
manuals provided at its commissioning time by the consultants and contractors concerned.
Existing 115 kV transmission lines and substations as well as MV systems are operated and maintained
in accordance with the manuals provided by the consultants and contractors in the same way as for the
power stations.
EDL explains that no serious issues have been occurred on actual operation and maintenance of the
power facilities since the facility was commissioned, except issues of shortage of spare materials.
LV distribution systems of both EDL and provincial authorities are operated and maintained in
accordance with EDL’s manuals. Technical Service Office under the Distribution Department provides
the standard O & M manuals for MV and LV distribution network.
3.9.3 Education and Training of EDL Employees
EDL operates its own training center in Vientiane City. The center provides education and training of
such power facilities as power stations, substations, and distribution networks to its own employees as
well as employees of provincial authorities and IPP as demanded.
The Center provides 17 permanent staffs and 9 fulltime trainers. Organization of the Center in July
2002 is as shown in Figure 3.9-1.
One course is normally scheduled for 6 to 8 weeks, and the center educates approximately 300 persons
per year using model facilities for generation, substation and distribution equipped in the classrooms.
EDL further endeavors to upgrade its lecturers’ technology through education in foreign countries; for
example, EDL dispatched 7 trainers of the Center to France in the year 2000. All of them are now
assigned to trainers of the center. While, France sent 6 experts to EDL together with educational
equipment for hydropower facilities to the Center in 2001. They provided EDL trainees guidance in the
educational equipment. Thus, the Center has an important role for upgrading its employees’ technical
III - 25
Part I Master Plan
knowledge for the power facilities.
Gen eral M anager of Center
Hydro G eneration Adm inistration

Distribution Secti on
Section Section
Hydro P ower PLC &

Service Distribution Mec hanical Electrical
Operation Elec tronic
Wiring U nit Unit Unit Unit
Unit Unit
Figure 3.9-1 Organization Chart of the Training Center
3.9.4 Costs of O & M of Transmission System
Breakdown of O & M costs of EDL for the transmission lines and substations are not available at
present. The present accounting system of EDL for its performance is prepared for each year by EDL
provincial agency. However, O & M costs of each agency were recorded in a lump sum amount
including transmission lines, substations, MV distribution network, and low voltage networks in its
area, but not separately accounted.
The corporate planning office of Administration and Finance Department in the EDL head office
explains that a new accounting system is to be introduced in EDL from the year 2002 and after then
more details of each performance including O & M expenditures for each system activity will be
analyzed.
3.9.5 Issues of O & M for Transmission Lines and Substations
Through the team’s interview to various O & M sections of EDL, following issues are found.
(a) Spare parts for the facilities, in particular, for distribution equipment are not sufficient for proper
repair. Common parts from other damaged equipment are used for parts of another equipment in
repairing.
(b) Log sheets of substations seems not properly recorded. Recordings of accurate meter reading and
understanding of the functions of equipment and meters in substations by operators are necessary.
(c) Tools and meters necessary for repair shop are insufficient in accordance with responsible
persons of EDL’s repair shop.
(d) Capability of person in charge of operation and maintenance of all fields of the power sector is
necessary to be upgraded.
(e) Periodical patrol and maintenance for the lines should be performed strictly following O & M
manuals to prevent avoidable faults.
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3.10 Environmental Law and Legislation
3.10.1 Present Situation
Under the assistance of ADB the Government drafted “Environmental Protection Law” in 1999 as a
fundamental law for the conservation of environment. The law was approved by the President on 26
April 1999. The law gives the directions to establish various detailed regulations or decrees and to form
various new organizations in accordance with an unofficial English translation. Resume of the
Environmental Protection is summarized below.
Thus, the establishment of laws, regulations or decrees for environment in the country has just started.
The laws, regulations and decrees concerned will be established under the assistance of international
organizations step by step after the Government’s approval on the fundamental law.
STEA discussed in Section 3.1.3 is presently considered as the body responsible for the enforcement,
control and evaluation of EIA studies related to any infrastructure project developed in the country.
The environmental examination in this master plan study was conducted taking into account the policy
of the law, the regulation issued by MIH in November 2001, and measures applied in the currently
implemented projects in Lao PDR as well as the internationally recognized requirements for the
environment.
The formulated master plan will be reviewed in the environmental aspect, following the new
regulations or decrees to be enacted in the future in the Lao PDR.
3.10.2 Major Articles of the Law
The law consists of 51 Articles to specify the environmental protection in various fields of the Lao PDR.
Following are abstracts of major articles of the law.
(1) Article-5 “Basic Principles for Environmental Protection”
(a) Environmental protection shall be the priority consideration, and environmental mitigation
and restoration are considered to be less preferable, but also important activities;
(b) The national socio-economic development plan shall include provisions to protect the
environment and resources;
(c) All persons and organizations residing in the Lao PDR shall have an obligation to protect the
environment;
(d) Whoever causes damage to the environment is responsible for the impact under the law;
(e) Natural resources, raw materials and energy shall be used in an economical manner, which
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Part I Master Plan
minimizes pollution and waste and allows for sustainable development.
(2) Article-8 “Environmental Impact Assessment” (EIA)
(a) Science Technology and Environment Agency shall issue general regulations on procedures
and methods for EIA.
(b) Each sector that is responsible for the development projects and activities shall issue its own
regulations on procedures and methods for EIA, based on the general EIA regulation issuing
by the Science Technology and Environment Agency.
(c) Development projects and activities that have or will have the potential to affect the
environment shall submit an EIA report according to the paragraphs 1 and 2 above to the
concerned environmental management and monitoring unit for issuance of an environment
compliance certificate before starting the project.
(d) Development projects and activities operating prior to the enactment of this law that have
caused losses to the environment shall propose measures, procedures and actions to mitigate
such losses to the concerned environment management and monitoring unit for issuance of an
environment compliance certificate.
(e) EIA shall include the participation of the local administration, mass organizations, and
population likely to be affected by the respective development project or activity.
(3) Article-10 “Construction and Repair”
Persons and organizations engaged in construction and repair works such as roads, bridges, water
supply systems, repair, high pressure cleaning, communications networks, electricity grids, and other
structures have to safeguard the security of their undertakings as well as to apply measures to prevent
and minimize nuisances such as smoke, dust, vibrations, noise, radiation, discoloration, odors, waste
and obstructions by strictly complying with the standards, and regulations issued by the responsible line
agencies and environment management and monitoring unit.
(4) Article 16 “Protection of Culture, Historical and Natural Conservation Sites
Any persons or organizations engaged in production, business, service or other activities that cause
negative environmental impacts to cultural, historical and natural conservation sites, such as
archaeological sites, traditional, historic, tourism sites or protected forests, shall strictly comply with
the regulations and measures issued by the relevant sectoral and local administration agencies.
(5) Article 36 “Rights and Duties of the Science, Technology and Environment Agency (STEA)
The STEA, being the environmental management and monitoring organization at the central level, has
the following rights and duties:
(a) To act as a secretary to the government in making and translating environment strategies and
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policies into plans, detailed projects, and relevant regulations for the management and
monitoring of the environment;
(b) To implement management and monitoring activities, and to report the situation of the
environment of the country regularly to the government;
(c) To act as the coordination center between the concerned sectors and local administrations for
managing and monitoring any environment activities;
(d) To conduct research and identify methods to protect, mitigate, and restore the environment by
using appropriate advanced science and technology;
(e) To monitor and control the implementation of strategies, plans, programs, projects,
regulations, and laws relating to the environment;
(f) To issue or revoke licenses of any organization engaging in environmental related services;
(g) To instruct development projects and activities to prepare environmental impact assessment
reports according to the regulations on environmental impact assessment;
(h) To receive and response petitions from the population and other sectors regarding
environmental issues;
(i) To cooperate with authorized concerned sectors in giving orders to adjust, suspend, remove or
close down any activities that cause adverse impacts to human health, human life, animals,
plants and the environment;
(j) To train and upgrade the skills of the environment technical staff, and to educate and raise
environmental awareness for all strata of the population, in the country in close cooperation
with the sectoral agencies and local administrations;
(k) To disseminate, collect and evaluate system of environmental and natural resources
information for use as inputs in the national socio-economic planning process;
(l) To promote international relations and cooperation related to environmental protection issues;
(m) To perform other rights and duties related to the environmental protection which are assigned
by the government or as stipulated in the regulations and laws.
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Part I Master Plan
3.11 Existing Expansion Plan of Power System
There are various study reports for the development and expansion plans of the country’s power sector
achieved by MIH/EDL and under assistance of the World Bank, Asian Development Bank, and others.
The following reports have been given by EDL to the JICA study team.
(a) System Development Plan, June 2001 by EDL System Planning Office
(b) Draft Final Report for “Northern Area Rural Power Distribution Project (Draft)”: March 2001
by Acres International under ADB TA 3087-Lao
(c) "Power Sector Strategy Study (PSSS: Draft Report)": February 2001 by Electrowatt
Engineering, under ADB TA3374-LAO
(d) "Hydropower Development Strategy (HDSS)": January 2000 by Worley-Lahmeyer under
World Bank
(e) "Indicative Master Plan on Power Interconnection in GMS Countries" : Interim Report, May
2001 by Norconsult under ADB TA No. 5920-REG
(f) "Study for Establishing Lao National Grid Company" Final Report by Sikeman, Elliott in
association with Hydro-Quebec International under ADB TA No. 2728-Lao
(g) Various papers of power sector seminars of the Greater Mekong Sub-region countries
The report for “Power Sector Strategy Study” summarizes results of review and examination on the
preceding studies for the development and expansion plans of the Lao PDR’s power sector. The Study
team mainly referred to this report and also the draft report of “Northern Area Rural Power Distribution
Project” for its master plan study together with the latest EDL’s transmission system development plan.
Following are outline of the latest development and expansion plan as of October 2001. Detailed
review on the plan by the JICA team is discussed in Chapters 4 and 6 of this report.
3.11.1 Generating Facilities
The Team received the latest development program of new generating plants including IPP plants from
EDL during October 2001. Details of the program are stated in Chapter 4.
On the basis of the development program, the Team has studied the Master Plan of the national
transmission systems.
3.11.2 Domestic Transmission Grids
EDL updated the development program of the major national transmission grid in June 2001 as listed
below. It is noted that on-going projects under WB and ADB funds are not included in the list.
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Table 3.11-1 National Transmission Grid Development Plan

Section Voltage No. of Conductor Target Year
From (Substation) To (Substation) (kV) Circuit ASCR of Commission
Northern Region
Luang Prabang Oudomxai 115 2 (1) 240 mm2 2006
Oudomxai Nam Mo 115 1 240 mm2 2006
Nam Mo Luang Namtha 115 1 240 mm2 2006
Nam Mo Boun Neua 115 1 240 mm2 2006
Xayabury Pak Lai 115 240 mm2 2006
Central 1 Region
Hin Heup Vangvieng 115 1 240 mm2 2006
Vangvieng Luang Prabang 115 1 240 mm2 2010
Xayabuly Pak Lai 115 1 240 mm2 2006
Pak Lai Non Hai 115 1 240 mm2 n.a
Phoukhoun Phonsavan 115 1 240 mm2 n.a
Phonsavan Nongkhet 115 n.a 240 mm2 n.a
Phonsavan Nam Ngum 4 115 n.a 240 mm2 n.a
Pakxan B. Nakha 115 n.a 240 mm2 n.a
Central 2 Region
Nam Theun 2 for EDL Thakhek 115 2 240 mm2 2006
B. Nakha Thakhek 115 n.a n.a n.a
Thakhek Pakbo (Savannakhet) 115 n.a n.a n.a
Pakbo (additional cct) Kengkok 115 n.a n.a n.a
Kengkok Xepon SS 115 n.a n.a n.a
Kengkok Bang Yo 115 n.a n.a n.a
Southern Region
Bang Yo Thakho 115 n.a n.a n.a
Saravan Attapeu 115 n.a n.a n.a
Xeset 1 Xeset 2 115 1 n.a n.a
Xeset 2 Xeset 3 230 1 600 mm2 n.a
Xeset 3 Pakson 230 1 600 mm2 n.a
Xeset 1 Saravan 115 n.a n.a n.a
If the planned transmission grids mentioned above would have been commissioned, national trunk grid
deems to complete by 2020.
3.11.3 Transmission Systems for Power Exports
Under the present agreement between the Government of Laos and the Governments of Thailand and
Vietnam, Lao PDR is to export an additional 3,300 MW to Thailand and 1,000 MW to Vietnam during
the next 10 years.
Power stations for exports are planned as tabled above, for which the following transmission lines are
necessary to be constructed.
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Part I Master Plan
Table 3.11-2 Planned Transmission Lines for Exports

Power Plant To Via Voltage No. of Target Year
or Substation (kV) Circuit of Commission
Nam Theun 2 Roi Et (Thailand) Savannakhet 500 2 2008
Nam Ngiep 1 Udon Thani (Thailand) Nabong 230/500 2 n.a
Nam Ngum 2/3 Udon Thani (Thailand) Nabong 230 2 n.a
Ban Sok SS Pleiku (Vietnam) - 500 2 n.a
Nam Theun Basin Hatinh (Vietnam) - 500 2 n.a
Nam Mo Vietnam - 230/115 n.a n.a
Hongsa (Lignite) Mae Moh (Thailand) - 500 2 n.a
3.11.4 Current Plan of 500 kV Power System in Lao PDR
In formulating the transmission network in Lao PDR, 500 kV systems in the country were examined on
the basis of the following three (3) conceptions of the 500 kV network in the region.
(1) EDL's plan connected among IPP projects

(2) GMS's (Greater Mekong Sub-region) plan
(3) ASEAN Group's plan
(1) EDL's Plan
Both EGAT (Thailand) and EVN (Vietnam) prefer energy import from an unified organization in Lao
PDR to import from individual IPPs in Lao PDR with such reasons as necessity of different contracts
with various IPPs, various importing routes and management, difficulties of acquisition of right-of-way,
others.
GOL is intending to construct NETG (National Electricity Transmission Grid) in the country for the
power export and domestic power supply, as regulated in Article 29 of its Electricity Law. GOL
accepted to a plan of establishing the Lao National Grid Company (LNGC) which will be organized
under the joint venture with foreign firm(s) and be fully responsible for management of the NETG in
both technical and financial aspects.
The LNGC will conclude Power Purchase Agreement (PPA) with each IPP, and it will exclusively
export energy purchased from accepted IPPs in Lao PDR. Once the LNGC would have been established,
all IPPs in Lao PDR would not be able to conclude their individual PPA with importer(s) in its
neighboring countries but should have their PPAs with the LNGC.
At present, however, this plan is under further examination and also facing difficulties to find financial
sources. Before operation of LNGC, IPPs in Lao PDR are implemented under the present situation.
EDL agreed with the JICA study team to study domestic supply system without consideration to the
currently planned 500 kV grid which is mainly for export purpose. The team, however, examines
III - 32
locations of new substations and routes of new transmission lines taking into account the planned 500
kV grid.
EDL plans 500 kV transmission networks for interconnecting IPP power plants for energy export to
Thailand and Vietnam. The plan draws 500 kV lines under conception of the LNGC, and the following
sections are programmed.
(a) the first priority: Nam Theun 2 IPP - Roi Et (Thailand) via Savannakhet grid station
(b) the second priority: Nabong grid station (collecting station from IPPS on Nam Ngum basin) -
Udon 3 (Thailand)
(c) the third priority: Hongsa lignite power plant directly to Mae Moh power plant (Thailand)
(d) the fourth priority: Savannakhet grid station - Ban Sok grid station
(e) the fifth priority: Nam Theun 2 power station - Nam Theun basin - Nabong grid station
The EDL's plan is coordinated with plans of the GMS and ASEAN group.
(2) GMS Plan
The GMS power trade plan supported by WB and ADB is currently being discussed on its long-term
development strategy among its 6 member countries of Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Vietnam,
Thailand, and Yunnan Province in China along the Mekong River.
The strategy addresses the following main overarching purposes:
(a) Reduction of overall reserve margin of the member countries,

(b) Optimum mix of generation for base-load, mid-merit and peaking operation, seasonal load
and generation among the regional countries,
(c) Overall improvement of load factor due to time difference in peak demand among the
countries,
(d) Optimized hydro generation between multi-purpose and power-only plants,
(e) Savings in transmission line investment due to optimal planning of the combined system, and
increase of supply security, and
(f) Reduction of overall environmental impact by selecting the best sites and planting over the
whole region.
In order to achieve the strategy, there seem many issues to be solved and agreed among the countries,
that is, the agreeable power trade strategy from the aspects not only of technology but also of different
legislation, power tariff systems, security conditions of operation of power facilities, transmission
ownership, and others.
The plan is expected by the member countries to be realized in possibly shortest period. However, there
are a lot of barriers to be cleared by the member countries. The latest leaflet of ADB for the GMS
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Part I Master Plan
program mentions that the immediate interconnection of existing power systems is assumed to be as
below:
(a) Jinghong hydropower plant (Yunnan province in China) and Thailand,

(b) Nam Ngum Basin (Lao PDR)- Udon Thani (Thailand) 500 kV transmission line, and
(c) Mukdahan (Thailand) - Chaiyuphan (Thailand) 500 kV transmission line
(3) ASEAN Group's Plan
Power utilities of the ASEAN countries (Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar,
Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) plans to interconnecting transmission network for a
common electricity accommodation.
Although the forum among the countries is continued similarly to the GMS, the present interconnection
plan is illustrated in Figure 3.11-1 and summarized below:
Figure 3.11-1 ASEAN 500 kV Interconnection Plan
(a) Myanmar - Thailand: Tran - Mae Moh

(b) Yunnan - Thailand: Jinghong - Chiang Rai (DC line via Lao PDR)
(c) Lao PDR-Thailand: Hongsa - Mae Moh, Nabong - Udon, Savannakhet - Roi Et, and Ban Sok
III - 34
- N. Rachanashima
(d) Lao PDR - Vietnam: Nam Theun Basin - Ha Tinh and Ban Sok - Pleiku
(e) Yunnan - Vietnam: A power station in Ynnan - Hanoi
(f) Thailand - Malaysia: Bangkok - Malacca
(g) Malaysia - Singapore: Butterworth - Singapore
(h) Malaysia - Indonesia: Malacca - Sumatera - Java island and Sarawak - Kalimantan
(i) Malaysia - Philippines: Butterworth - Manila via Sarawak, Brunei and Sabah
(j) Malaysia - Brunei: Sarawak - Brunei
Power system of 500 kV level is now operated in Thailand, Vietnam, Malaysia (Peninsula), Java island,
and Philippines.
3.11.5 Export Plan to Thailand and Vietnam by 500 kV Lines
(1) 500 kV interconnection plan to Thailand
EGAT advised EDL that for technical, environmental and financial reasons, new transmission lines
from Lao PDR to Thailand should be of 500 kV and may only cross the border at 3 designated points
connecting Mae Mo, Nong Khai/Udon, and Moukdahan 2.
As discussed in the foregoing subsection, the LNGC plan in Laos seems not to be materialized in the
near future due to various barriers to be solved. However, the most realizable Nam Theun 2 IPP projects
(1,050 MW) will come in a few years time. This IPP is to export energy to Thailand at Mukdahan
substation via Savannakhet through double circuit 500 kV transmission lines (130 km long) to be
constructed by the IPP in the territory of Lao PDR.
It is noted that under the Nam Theun 2 IPP scheme, a double circuit 115 kV system from Thailand to the
power station via Thakhek for construction-use of the scheme, and a 115/22 kV substation at Thakhek
and the 115 kV transmission line are to be transferred to EDL after commissioning of the IPP plants.
The system of the IPP export and domestic supply are entirely separated in its implementation design,
which is different from the conceptual plan of the EDL's 500 kV system.
(2) 500 kV interconnection plan to Vietnam
EVN plans to import from Lao PDR 1,000 MW in total by 2010; 300 MW in 2007, additional 400 MW
in 2009 and additional 300 MW in 2010.
ADB/Electrowatt report estimates the following IPP power plants to direct to Vietnam.
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Part I Master Plan
Table 3.11-3 IPP Export to Vietnam

Anticipated Plants Output (MW) EDL Plan of Production Cost
Commissioning and IPP Estimated in HDSS
Nam Mo 100 MW 2006 (MOA/PDA) 2.6 US Cent/kWh
Xe Pian-Xe Namnoy 375 MW 2010 (CA) 2.6 US Cent/kWh
Xe Kaman 3 295 MW 2012 (non) 3.6 US Cent/kWh
Nam Kong 1 225 MW 2012 (non) 5.0 US Cent/kWh
Total 995 MW
Average production in Vietnam is fairly low, around 3 US Cent/kWh equivalent according to the report.
Current price of natural gas in Vietnam is also lower than that in Thailand. The report also indicates
that tariff limit for electricity import is the limit to US Cent 4.2/kWh currently set for power purchase
from its domestic IPPs. According to EDL's explanation to the study team (July 2001), the GoL's recent
negotiation with Vietnam on energy export has no technical issues. Vietnam asks GoL to set fix border
energy price at US Cent 4.0/kWh, because of fairly lower energy production cost in Vietnam. The
negotiation is to continue further. Delivery points to Vietnam are selected for two routes; one is at Ban
Sok (Sekong province in Lao PDR) and Pleiku in Kon Tum province of the southern part of Vietnam,
and another is at Nam Phao (Khammouan province in Lao PDR) and Ha Tinh (Nghe Tinh province) in
the central part of Vietnam.
The export from Lao PDR to Vietnam will be through new 500 kV lines. Both Ha Tinh and Pleiku
substations in Vietnam are the existing 500 kV substations on its northern-southern interconnecting
500 kV trunk line. In view of power flow through the transmission lines, 500 kV double circuit line for
both route is appropriate.
The Pleiku 500/220 kV substation delivers electricity to Krong Buk substation (125 MVA) in Dac Lac
province and Nha Trang substation (125 MVA) in Khanh Hoa province by 220 kV transmission lines in
addition to supply to Pleiku town and its suburbs.
3.11.6 Lao National Grid Company (LNGC)
GOL has a plan to establish a wholly state-owned enterprise for transmission of electricity in the
country and also for international connections of the power systems.
According to a draft Charter prepared in 1998 by the international consultants (Stikeman, Elliott in
association with Hydro-Quebec International) under the fund of ADB, the object of LNGC is stipulated
as follows:
(a) to operate an electricity transmission system in Lao PDR,

(b) to carry out the transmission of electricity in Lao PDR,
(c) to provide all services normally provided by operators of electricity transmission systems,
including transmission services designed to ensure the safety and reliability of the system, and
III - 36
(d) to carry out all activities necessary or incidental to the above.
Powers given to LNGC are huge as designated in the draft charter. Tariff is also examined by the
consultants conceptually as (i) connection fee, (ii) guaranteed transmission services, and (iii) short term
transmission services.
Principally LNGC will be primarily concerned with the creation of a 500 kV transmission system.
However, LNGC should possess the flexibility to develop and operate transmission facilities at different
voltages if required for technical, financial or other reasons.
The consultants' report assumes that the first business of the company is for transmission system for
Nam Ngum 2 and 3 IPPs, and that the existing systems including IPPs will not be transferred to the
company.
The report suggests many barriers to be solved for the establishment plan of LNGC; legal treatment,
pricing, various kinds of risk management, allocation of facility costs, human resources, transmission
line losses, responsibility of IPPs and the company, others.
3.11.7 On-going Electrification Project
(1) Electrification Project
There are two (2) on-going transmission and distribution projects in the country: one is in the northern
region and central 1 region under the ADB finance, and another is in the central 2 region and southern
region of the country. Details are discussed in Chapter 6.
(2) Off-Grid Electrification

Pilot schemes are implemented to provide electricity service in approximately 46 rural communities
which are unlikely to receive grid access for at least 10 years in future.
The purposes of the pilot schemes are:

i) to establish local institutional, financial, and technical capacity for sustainable implementation of
rural diesel and renewable energy systems,
ii) to implement small diesel, micro-hydro, photovoltaic systems, and
iii) to identify and develop the objectives, institutional arrangement and scope for a national off-grid
rural electrification program.
The project assumes 20 small standard modular diesel generation sets (5-15 kW), 20 solar battery
charging station kits (10 kW) and 6 micro-hydro systems (10 kW).
A GEF (Global Environment Facility) grant of US$ 744,000 is funding an Off-Grid project adviser as
well as short-term consultants to provide specific implementation assistance. A PHRD (Policy and
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Part I Master Plan
Human Resources Development) grant of US$ 160,000 equivalent is financing the design of
specifications for safe, cost-effective, reliable electricity distribution networks suitable for rural use.
3.11.8 ADB Study for the Northern Area Rural Power Distribution Project (TA)
Following the project of PT & DP in the northern region, ADB completed the study report (Draft Acres
Report issued in March 2001) for further extension of the electrical grid within the provinces of Luang
Namtha, Phongsaly, Oudomxai, Luang Prabang, Xayabury, Xieng Khouang, and Northern Vientiane
province. Details of the development plan are stated in Section 6.3.2.
3.12 Foreign Assistance to Power Sector
3.12.1 Recent External Assistance
The Government of Japan has assisted the sector in rehabilitation projects of the Nam Ngum 1 power
station and the Vientiane distribution network under the grant aid. The external grants from other
international donors to the sector were generally limited to technical assistance only.
The major portion of loans to development of the power sector has been from IDA and ADB. Following
is a list of the recent loans to the power sector.
Table 3.12-1 Loans to Power Sector

Loan Conditions to GOL Re-lending to EDL
Loan – year Amount Interest Grace Repay. Interest Grace Repay.
(m US$) (%) (yeas) (years) (%) (years) (years)
IDA Nam Ngum 1 (unit No. 5)-1983 15.00 0.75 10 30 11.60 5 15
Southern Provincial Electif.-1987 25.80 0.75 10 40 8.00 5 15
Provincial Grid Integration-1993 36.00 0.75 10 30 8.00 5 15
Southern Provincial Electrif.-1998 32.68 0.75 10 30 7.00 5 15
ADB Vientiane Rural Electrif.-1983 6.30 1.00 10 30 8.00 5 15
Xeset 1 Hydropower Station-1988 15.50 1.00 10 30 7.03 5 15
Xeset 1 Hydropower Station-1991 3.00 1.00 10 30 6.36 5 15
Nam Ngum 1~L.Prabng Line-1989 11.00 1.00 10 30 6.53 4 16
Nam Ngum 1~L.Prabng Line-1994 4.01 1.00 10 30 6.21 5 15
Nam Song Power Station-1993 31.50 1.00 10 30 6.51 5 20
Theun Hinboune Equity-1995 51.50 1.00 10 15 6.21 5 20
Nam Leuk Power Station-1996 (*) 52.00 1.00 10 30 6.00 4 20
Northern T & D-1997 30.00 1.00 10 30 6.82 4 16
Others OPEC: Nam Ngum 1 No.5 Unit-1981 4.00 1.00 5 15 8.00 5 15
NDF: Theun Hinboune Equity-1995 7.00 0.75 10 30 6.21 5 20
DAEWOO: Houay Ho P/S-1996 10.00 Direct Loan to EDL 9.00 2 7.5
OECF: Nam Leuk P/S-1997 38.50 1.00 10 30 2.30 5 15
NDF: Northern T & D-1999 6.00 0.75 15 30 6.82 4 16
(Source: ADB/Electrowatt Report for Power Sector Study), (*): Co-financing with OECF (JBIC)
Total outstanding debt of the power sector as of the end of 1999 was approximately 25 % of the total
external debt of the Government.
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3.12.2 New Projects expected for Immediate Future
The present active development projects under loans are, as stated in Section 3.9, the northern rural
electrification project funded by ADB with NDF, the southern provincial electrification project funded
by IDA, and Nam Mang 3 Hydropower Project with 35 MW capacity for domestic power supply in the
central 1 region, as of June 2002.
At the present, a number of projects are under consideration for new loans, although no firm loan is
committed by multilateral or bilateral agencies as of June 2002.
However, following are likely power projects expected by EDL to be implemented in the immediate
future under loans from international organizations.
(1) Nam Theun 2 Hydropower Project of IPP with 1,088 MW capacity in the central 2 region
(2) Pakxan SS – Pakbo SS transmission system
(3) Kengkok SS – Xepon SS transmission system
(4) 115 kV Transmission Line Project between Pakse and Thakho in the southern region
(5) Transmission and Distribution Project in the northern region (ADB's 2nd phase)
3.13 Financial Situation of EDL
(1) Present Status
The financial matters at the EDL is guided principally by the Electricity Law, and the EDL Charter. The
1997 Electricity Law has the following relevant articles and clauses for financial matters:
- Electricity provider to have financial and technical ability;

- Completely pay taxes and duties and other obligations according to laws and regulations;
- Electricity operations must pay all of its debts.
In addition, the “EDL Charter” was officially adopted and put into practice in 1997 at the same time.
The charter outlines the ground rule for EDL to run its business. It is also used as a measuring device for
EDL to measure the quality of its business management.
EDL is a public sector corporation under the MIH and it is being financially restructured and
organizationally reorganized. EDL has not met the agreed 20% self-financing target since 1993, and
has reported net losses in 1998 and 2000.
At present, EDL has nine loans from ADB of US$ 152 million, four WB (IDA) loans totaling US$ 50
million, and other bilateral loans for approx. US$ 47 million. Many of these loans are on concessional
terms to GoL which are lent to EDL. These loans from GoL to EDL can be restructured at more
favorable terms to improve its cash flow.
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Part I Master Plan
EDL had experienced strong growth in revenues and earnings during the 1990s, however, the WB
report said, “overall profitability masks the poor performance of its domestic operation, which
consistently generate substantial operating losses estimated at Kip 14.3 billion in 1996.” They were due
to low-volume and dispersed domestic customers. EDL export business was highly profitable and was
used to cover domestic losses. During this period, the key financial issues were:1) low domestic tariffs;
2) high transmission and distribution losses; 3) slow billing and collections; and 4) non-standard
accounting practices.
EDL was to comply in 1999 with the following conditions for an IDA concessional credit (30470):
1) Increase electricity to at least the cost of supply;

2) Write off arrears that were more than 3 years old and thus deemed uncollectible;
3) Levy charges on consumers currently unbilled.
4) Generate funds from internal sources equivalent to not less than 20% of the annual average of
EDL’s capital expenditure;
5) GOL to take measures, including increase of EDL electricity tariffs, necessary to enable EDL
to meet its 1.1 debt service ratio.
For the above conditions the WB had provided for a TA for financial advisory services under the loan
project which was to have helped EDL to improve billing, and collection systems, accounting
procedures, and to establish a new standard budgeting system.
To illustrate the problem, during the 1990s, EDL was paying 25% of its revenues in taxes; 45% in
corporate tax on net income (profit); 20% duties on export and import of power, and 5% domestic sales
tax. In addition, it had also paid a 30% dividend in 1993-95 on its investments.
Reportedly non-standard accounting practices are still followed within EDL. However, EDL engages
internationally recognized auditors acceptable to WB-IDA to audit its financial statements in
accordance to the International Accounting Standards.
In the WB - Provincial Grid Integration Project (2000) report EDL’s financial situation was described
as extremely weak and worsening because of the continued unstable macroeconomic conditions,
specially “the further and rapid devaluation of the Kip to the US$”. This was related to the regional
crisis of 1997 when Kip was 2,000 for a US$ in 1997 and had plunged to 7,700 by the end 1999. This
devaluation had caused a sharp increase of 57% in EDL’s operating costs and increased the interest
payments by 105%. The tariff increases during this period did not fully offset the devaluation. The
effects of this imbalance have carried over up to now.
The issue of domestic tariff is very important for the operations of EDL. It is linked to social
development issues of Lao PDR and now the issue is being separated from EDL operations. As 2001
Electrowatt report has stated, “the domestic tariff has been an issue for a number of years. It has
III - 40
purposely been set low in order to encourage social and economic development. In the past domestic
consumers were subsidized from the earnings of exported electricity. Due to the rapid development
inside, the residential demand has increased considerably.” EDL’s subsidy to these customers was
described as, “the prolongation of this trend has resulted in the deteriorating financial conditions of
EDL. The average cost of domestic electricity in 2002 was increased from 244 kip/kWh to 337
kip/kWh. The new rate was based on adjusted LRMC and EDL’s financial requirements.” As
mentioned in Clause 3.8.1, EDL applied the new tariff system from May 2005 for improvement of its
financial state.
In explaining the exports and domestic tariff issue the report has said that, “by 2000 the relationship
had reduced to only twofold because of the domestic tariff increase. The most revealing statistic is the
amounts of electricity involved”.
The EDL deficits are described by Electrowatt as, “the unfunded capital expenditures that EDL is
expected to meet in order to maintain its capital expansion program. With exchange rate losses and
interest cost almost the size of revenues in the near term, it is unreasonable to expect there will be
enough money to contribute to capital expansion.”
Table 3.13-1 Brief Compiled EDL Income Statement (US$ Million)

1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Total revenue 45.79 49.6 37.53 53.04 44.41
Export revenue 29.7 27.6 15.6 22.3 28.44
Total expense 36.01 51.9 38.71 41.56 43.39
Profit (loss) before tax 9.77 7.26 (1.99) 11.48 2.6
Corporate tax 3.45 2.54 1.1 4.82 5.9
Net Profit 6.32 4.72 (2.29) 6.66 (3.3)
(Source: EDL Annual Reports 1997-98, EDL Finance Dept. (Draft) 1999, Electrowatt-HB 2001.)
Table 3.13-2 EDL Operation Indicators (Million Kip)

Audited 1998 1999 2000 2001
Turnover 95,165 268,508 340,744 399,197
Gross Profit Margin (%) 38 56 70 57
Operating Profit Margin (%) 24 43 42 43
Profit Before Tax to Sales (%) -4 30 22 40
Return on Revenues (%) -7.8 17.5 11.7 26
Interest Expenses 36,493 99,437 90,683 55,030
Foreign Exchange Losses 14,335 38,876 120,642 77,588
Dividends from THB 24,051 105,123 144,763 122,009
Net Profit -7,393 46,909 39,902 103,867
Self-Financing Ratio (%) -34 -9 -33 -29
Debt Service Coverage Ratio (x) 0.51 0.88 0.94 1.13
Debt/Equity Ratio 88 / 12 91 / 9 86 / 14 65 / 35
Kip/US$ Exchange Rate 4,300 7,650 8,245 9,540
(Source: WB Aide Memoire (SPRE Project) April 2002
III - 41
Part I Master Plan
Table 3.13-3 EDL Balance Sheet (Million Kip)

Items 1999 2000
ASSETS
Non-current assets 2,161,506 2,418,441
Fixed assets 611,110 840,647
Foreign exchange fluctuation 1,447,454 1,474,852
Investment in joint ventures 102,942 102,942
Current assets 201,423 251,253
Inventories 76,163 74,362
Prepaid tax - -
Prepaid interest 10,000 -
Accounts receivable 56,053 107.957
Cash and bank balances 59,207 68,934
LIABILITIES
Current liabilities 341,552 910,193
Trade and other payable 57,378 25,277
Tax payable 29,299 25,277
Interest payable 48,681 33,794
Current portion of long term loans 206,194 803,152
Net current liabilities 683,104 1,977,693
Non-current liabilities 1,845,022 1,505,671
Long term loans 176,355 253,830
TOTAL NET ASSETS 176,355 253,830
Capital 121,412 121,412
Reserves 54,943 132,418
TOTAL CAPITAL AND RESERVES 176,355 253,830
(Source: EDL Annual Report 2000)
(2) Future Plans
EDL is not generating sufficient revenues from operations, mainly because electricity tariffs do not
cover the full cost of supply.
Financial restructuring of EDL will be carried with the assistance of donor/lending agencies. This will
enable EDL to move towards more commercial operations. A condition for this will be adequate tariffs
based on marginal cost principles.
“It is becoming clear that domestic revenues are the most important to the future viability of EDL,” has
been stated in the WB project appraisal report.
A restructuring plan has been proposed in 2000 by the Ministry of Finance (MoF) to solve the financial
problems and keep meeting the loan conditions. The following was proposed by the MoF:
1. Convert into equity the loans of Theun Hinboun (NDF Loan No. 90) for US$ 8.6 million and
ADB Loan 1239 for US $56 million.
2. Allow EDL to retain dividends from subsidiary companies to meet loan covenants.
3. Carry out revaluation of Fixed Assets.
4. Relaxation of Repayment Terms to Subsidiary Loans under IDA. Specifically, terms for IDA
III - 42
1826, 2425, and 3047 loans will be changed to 2% interest for 2000 to 2004 and 6% for 2005
to 2007, and all maturities extended for 5 years.
5. Relaxation of Repayment Terms to Subsidiary Loans under non IDA credits which are socially
oriented. Specifically, terms for ADB 0928, 1308, 1558 and NDF 238 loans charged 2%
interest for 2000 to 2004 and 6% for 2005 to 2007, and all loan maturities extended for 5 years.
6. For non socially oriented loans, the interest rate will be reduced by 50% until 2004 and loan
maturities extended 5 years.
Electrowatt report has analyzed the above plan and has estimated that due to this plan EDL will have a
positive cash flow by 2008. It has reported that there are two reasons for the poor performance of EDL
after restructuring.
1. EDL is still subject to a cost that is beyond their control, this is the exchange rate risk and is
externally controlled.
2. The capital plan outlined is still too ambitious for the cash flow that EDL will generate.
On the other hand, the new energy tariff system became effective in May 2002 as stated in the foregoing
subsection 3.8.1.
The above activities will help to solve the existing financial performance issues to a large extent at EDL.
References:
1. EDL Annual Reports 1997, 1998, 1999, and 2000.

2. Lao PDR Southern Provinces Rural Electrification Project, Project Appraisal Report, the World Bank, 1998
3. Lao PDR Provincial Grid Integration Project, Implementation Completion Report, the World Bank, 2000
4. Power Sector Strategy Study, Volume 1, ADB TA 3374 Lao, Electrowatt – Hagler Bailly, 2001
5. Vernstorm, Robert, Power Supply Tariff Study, Draft Final Report, November 2001.
III - 43
Table 3.4-1(1) Energy and Peak Demand for the Year 1990-2000
Whole Country
Descriptions Unit 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Imported Power Energy GWh 27.7 34.9 41.3 47.7 57.5 76.8 88.0 102.1 142.1 173.0 163.1
Energy Demand GWh 220.7 252.7 256.9 279.4 337.5 379.9 434.1 514.5 567.0 648.6
Growth Rate % 14.5 1.7 8.8 20.8 12.6 14.3 18.5 10.2 14.4
Peak Demand MW 51.3 64.4 66.0 73.4 85.0 95.4 109.0 126.2 147.4 172.1
Growth Rate % 25.5 2.5 11.3 15.7 12.2 14.3 15.7 16.9 16.7
Load Factor % 44.8 44.4 43.4 45.3 45.5 45.5 46.6 43.9 43.0
Central 1
Imported Power Energy GWh 0.1 0.1 1.4 3.9 1.3 3.4 16.5 36.5 6.4
Growth Rate % 11.4 -1.8 6.1 21.4 11.1 12.3 16.2 7.1 14.9
Peak Demand MW 40.8 51.4 50.5 55.7 64.0 70.6 77.0 90.1 102.7 119.9
Growth Rate % 26.0 -1.8 10.3 14.8 10.3 9.1 17.0 13.9 16.7
Load Factor % 45.4 45.4 43.7 46.2 46.6 47.9 47.5 44.7 44.0
Central 2
Growth Rate % 26.4 15.5 17.8 18.3 15.9 16.9 20.7 17.4 11.7
Peak Demand MW 7.4 8.7 10.4 11.7 13.8 16.9 20.7 21.2 25.5 29.4
Growth Rate % 17.0 20.1 12.5 17.9 22.5 22.4 2.7 20.3 15.2
Load Factor % 43.6 41.9 43.9 44.0 41.7 39.8 46.8 45.7 44.3
Northern Region
Imported Power Energy GWh 3.1 3.4 4.4 6.6 8.2
Energy Demand GWh 1.0 2.8 4.4 5.5 7.0
Growth Rate % 184.7 55.2 26.0 28.2
Peak Demand MW 0.4 1.0 1.2 2.7 4.2
Growth Rate % 150.0 15.0 131.2 58.0
Load Factor % 28.2 32.1 43.3 23.6 19.2
Southern Region
Growth Rate % 38.9 18.4 19.1 19.3 16.2 22.6 32.2 20.1 14.3
Peak Demand MW 3.1 4.3 5.1 6.1 7.2 7.5 10.3 13.6 16.5 18.6
Growth Rate % 38.9 18.4 19.1 19.3 3.8 37.5 32.3 21.2 12.4
Load Factor % 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 44.8 39.9 39.9 39.5 40.2
Central 1
Imported Power Energy GWh 0.0 0.1 0.1 1.4 3.9 1.3 3.4 16.5 36.5 6.4
Growth Rate % 11.4 -1.8 6.1 21.4 11.1 12.3 16.2 7.1 14.9
Peak Demand MW 40.8 51.4 50.5 55.7 64.0 70.6 77.0 90.1 102.7 119.9
Growth Rate % 26.0 -1.8 10.3 14.8 10.3 9.1 17.0 13.9 16.7
Load Factor % 45.4 45.4 43.7 46.2 46.6 47.9 47.5 44.7 44.0
Vientiane Mun.
Energy Demand GWh 164.6 183.7 201.7 197.0 208.0 252.8 279.0 309.6 314.4 333.5 375.6
Growth Rate % 9.8 -2.3 5.6 21.5 10.4 11.0 1.5 6.1 12.6
Peak Demand MW 40.8 50.6 49.4 54.2 58.2 61.1 66.7 75.2 81.2 94.7
Growth Rate % 24.0 -2.4 9.7 7.4 5.0 9.2 12.7 8.0 16.6
Load Factor % 45.5 45.5 43.8 49.6 52.1 53.0 47.7 46.9 45.3
Vientiane Province
Imported Power Energy GWh
Energy Demand GWh 40.6 41.9 50.0
Growth Rate % 3.4 19.2
Peak Demand MW 4.0 4.8 5.6 9.0 13.6 15.2
Growth Rate % 20.8 17.0 58.8 52.1 11.6
Load Factor % 0.0 0.0 0.0 51.6 35.1 37.5
Luang Prabang Province
Energy Demand GWh 2.9 3.9 5.2 6.2 8.4 11.5 15.0 17.8 21.4
Growth Rate % 33.8 34.8 17.9 36.4 37.3 30.4 18.8 19.9
Peak Demand MW 0.8 1.1 1.5 1.8 4.5 3.2 3.4 4.5 4.7
Growth Rate % 33.8 34.8 17.9 157.3 -29.0 5.9 31.2 4.3
Load Factor % 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 21.2 41.0 50.4 45.7 52.5
Xayaboury Province
Growth Rate % 32.4 15.6 15.4 795.1
Peak Demand MW 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 1.7
Growth Rate % 36.4 13.3 11.8 784.2
Load Factor % 35.3 34.2 34.9 36.0 36.5
Xiengkhouang Province
Energy Demand GWh
Growth Rate %
Peak Demand MW
Growth Rate %
Load Factor %
Xaysomboune Special Region
Energy Demand GWh
Growth Rate %
Peak Demand MW
Growth Rate %
Load Factor %
Bolikhamxay Province
Imported Power Energy GWh 1.9 5.9 9.2 3.2
Growth Rate % 221.7 66.3 17.9
Peak Demand MW 1.3 2.4 3.2 3.6
Growth Rate % 84.6 33.3 13.1
Load Factor % 13.4 23.4 29.2 30.5
Central 2
Growth Rate % 26.4 15.5 17.8 18.3 15.9 16.9 20.7 17.4 11.7
Peak Demand MW 7.4 8.7 10.4 11.7 13.8 16.9 20.7 21.2 25.5 29.4
Growth Rate % 17.0 20.1 12.5 17.9 22.5 22.4 2.7 20.3 15.2
Load Factor % 43.6 41.9 43.9 44.0 41.7 39.8 46.8 45.7 44.3
Khammouan Province
Growth Rate % 39.0 29.3 20.7 30.1 28.4 22.9 29.2 11.6 10.2
Peak Demand MW 2.0 3.0 4.0 4.3 5.4 8.0 10.9 10.5 12.1 13.7
Growth Rate % 50.0 33.3 7.5 25.6 48.1 36.3 -3.7 15.6 12.9
Load Factor % 41.1 39.9 44.8 46.4 40.2 36.3 48.7 47.0 45.9
Savannakhet Province
Growth Rate % 21.1 8.7 16.2 11.2 7.1 11.9 12.9 23.4 13.2
Peak Demand MW 5.4 5.7 6.4 7.4 8.4 8.9 9.8 10.7 13.4 15.7
Growth Rate % 4.8 13.1 15.6 13.5 6.0 9.9 9.7 24.9 17.3
Load Factor % 44.9 43.2 43.4 42.5 43.0 43.7 45.0 44.5 42.9
Northern Grid
Growth Rate % 184.7 55.2 26.0 28.2
Peak Demand MW 0.4 1.0 1.2 2.7 4.2
Growth Rate % 150.0 15.0 131.2 58.0
Load Factor % 28.2 32.1 43.3 23.6 19.2
Phongsaly
Energy Demand GWh
Growth Rate %
Peak Demand MW 0.4
Growth Rate %
Load Factor %
Luangnamtha
Energy Demand GWh
Growth Rate %
Peak Demand MW 0.6
Growth Rate %
Load Factor %
Oudomxai
Energy Demand GWh
Growth Rate %
Peak Demand MW 0.8 1.0
Growth Rate %
Load Factor % 0.0 0.0
Bokeo
Growth Rate % 173.7 42.2 37.6 23.1
Peak Demand MW 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8
Growth Rate % 150.0 10.0 18.2 3.2
Load Factor % 27.3 29.9 38.6 45.0 46.1
Huaphan
Growth Rate % 195.1 66.6 17.4 32.6
Peak Demand MW 0.2 0.5 0.6 1.2 1.4
Growth Rate % 150.0 20.0 100.0 3.9
Load Factor % 29.1 34.3 47.7 28.0 31.8
Southern Region
Imported Power Energy GWh 0.0 0.8 2.1 2.0 7.8 7.3 7.4 16.9 13.8 13.2
Growth Rate % 38.9 18.4 19.1 19.3 16.2 22.6 32.2 20.1 14.3
Peak Demand MW 3.1 4.3 5.1 6.1 7.2 7.5 10.3 13.6 16.5 18.6
Growth Rate % 38.9 18.4 19.1 19.3 3.8 37.5 32.3 21.2 12.4
Load Factor % 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 44.8 39.9 39.9 39.5 40.2
Champasak Province
Growth Rate % 31.8 14.7 16.2 20.6 14.3 20.1 23.8 18.7 8.7
Peak Demand MW 3.1 4.0 4.6 5.4 6.5 6.8 8.8 11.0 12.3 13.4
Growth Rate % 31.8 14.7 16.2 20.6 3.9 29.6 26.2 11.3 8.8
Load Factor % 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 44.0 40.8 40.0 42.6 42.6
Saravan Province
Growth Rate % 930.1 78.7 48.8 8.8 32.7 41.8 71.5 26.6 16.3
Peak Demand MW 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.6 2.4 3.7 3.9
Growth Rate % 930.1 78.7 48.8 8.8 2.8 108.0 50.9 55.1 7.4
Load Factor % 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 51.6 35.2 40.0 32.7 35.4
Xekhong Province
Energy Demand GWh 0.8 0.9 1.5
Peak Demand MW 0.2 0.3 0.6
Load Factor % 35.0 35.0 28.1
Attapeu Province
Imported Power Energy GWh 2.4
Energy Demand GWh 1.9
Growth Rate %
Peak Demand MW 0.3 0.7
Growth Rate % 131.7
Load Factor % 0.0 31.2
Table 3.4-3 (1) Energy Consumption by Catergory for 1991 -2000
Whole country
Total Industry Agriculture Enterprises Entertainment Gov.office Residential Embassies
1991 220,666,369 20,047,077 8,681,566 45,445,590 - 30,789,955 107,281,905 8,420,276
1992 252,737,490 25,379,770 11,988,891 58,338,460 - 28,481,219 119,540,561 9,008,589
1993 264,788,396 32,108,894 10,426,711 45,749,294 - 33,690,582 135,263,558 7,549,357
1994 279,441,678 45,419,405 7,701,524 39,029,617 - 34,788,168 144,975,182 7,527,782
1995 337,472,311 64,479,985 13,589,860 38,833,339 - 42,919,778 170,190,786 7,458,563
1996 379,541,423 79,961,280 13,441,015 40,703,798 - 44,716,515 192,638,819 8,079,996
1997 433,678,545 91,086,827 16,969,721 40,094,203 9,701,282 49,623,547 218,104,791 8,098,174
1998 513,272,507 107,598,300 29,631,919 51,476,616 10,685,471 54,444,110 250,852,095 8,583,996
1999 565,546,838 114,789,455 33,905,540 58,553,120 11,068,706 54,464,514 285,053,226 7,712,277
2000 639,863,753 134,827,871 33,413,405 67,803,106 11,838,193 59,802,998 324,697,804 7,480,376
Vientiane Municipality
1991 183,656,796 13,946,277 7,996,874 40,148,876 - 24,543,114 88,601,379 8,420,276
1992 201,710,267 19,332,999 10,349,645 43,299,390 - 22,150,455 97,587,806 8,989,972
1993 197,028,191 19,771,947 9,038,417 34,595,026 - 27,897,394 98,341,539 7,383,868
1994 207,989,249 28,373,324 6,648,997 28,572,618 - 27,966,748 109,641,502 6,786,060
1995 252,777,431 40,925,205 11,865,409 29,124,706 - 34,915,583 128,671,951 7,274,577
1996 278,990,768 51,365,274 11,373,522 30,739,514 - 35,856,767 141,845,762 7,809,929
1997 309,624,338 55,686,220 13,664,042 27,608,397 9,130,304 39,187,254 156,591,647 7,756,474
1998 314,382,223 52,001,342 17,615,292 32,562,388 9,443,834 38,855,295 155,674,010 8,230,062
1999 333,545,018 57,720,158 14,020,855 34,118,836 9,635,633 37,456,337 173,189,008 7,404,191
2000 375,583,549 70,611,862 15,144,541 39,411,826 9,123,335 40,764,708 193,323,850 7,203,427
Vientiane province
1995 -
1996 -
1997 -
1998 40,579,211 13,649,998 3,795,082 1,209,020 20,663 3,233,999 18,670,449 -
1999 41,944,302 11,609,909 3,996,091 1,740,350 25,493 3,977,899 20,594,560 -
2000 49,986,990 15,370,247 2,985,470 2,614,706 1,454,505 4,185,748 23,376,314 -
Luang Prabang province
1991
1992 2,895,429 51,150 - 546,767 - 676,254 1,621,258 -
1993 3,874,096 218,203 - 874,814 - 805,698 1,887,053 88,328
1994 5,222,255 189,131 - 1,129,383 - 947,259 2,328,613 627,869
1995 6,155,502 186,684 - 1,314,971 - 1,214,040 3,399,504 40,303
1996 8,395,146 189,130 - 2,180,126 - 1,438,929 4,524,420 62,541
1997 11,522,589 187,213 - 2,577,352 42,248 1,956,291 6,686,713 72,772
1998 15,020,633 446,092 31,630 3,229,792 65,405 2,204,172 8,966,815 76,727
1999 17,835,888 658,918 197,920 3,920,170 96,221 2,070,110 10,822,476 70,073
2000 21,390,336 841,018 241,540 4,397,120 52,229 2,521,077 13,271,687 65,665
Khammouan province
1991 7,776,778 2,272,650 620,108 872,690 - 620,360 3,390,970 -
1992 10,808,563 2,608,090 1,345,158 1,901,433 - 799,566 4,154,316 -
1993 13,977,843 3,192,146 1,053,900 3,328,827 - 591,819 5,811,151 -
1994 16,872,907 5,091,129 632,591 3,702,190 - 715,476 6,731,521 -
1995 21,952,012 9,786,126 992,346 2,036,136 - 1,186,190 7,951,214 -
1996 28,188,284 13,795,444 1,072,066 947,501 - 1,132,075 11,241,198 -
1997 34,656,885 17,402,311 1,670,432 1,501,721 122,621 1,457,488 12,502,312 -
1998 44,780,600 21,220,730 3,815,695 3,528,027 337,819 1,727,158 14,151,171 -
1999 49,990,669 20,720,868 6,700,938 4,344,137 378,694 1,878,770 15,967,262 -
2000 55,085,895 22,907,195 5,997,107 4,768,173 382,680 2,278,051 18,752,689 -
Table 3.4-3 (2) Energy Consumption by Catergory for 1991 -2000
Savannakhet province
1991 18,391,623 2,479,945 64,584 2,944,246 - 3,169,664 9,733,184 -
1992 22,267,707 2,275,160 72,484 8,039,435 - 2,638,927 9,223,084 18,617
1993 24,211,982 5,933,078 94,653 3,927,768 - 2,544,077 11,689,150 23,256
1994 28,129,122 8,469,706 178,744 3,235,091 - 2,837,078 13,384,228 24,275
1995 31,268,275 9,510,594 320,359 3,571,269 - 2,787,587 15,043,418 35,048
1996 33,487,794 9,530,612 463,044 3,488,741 - 3,016,903 16,908,544 79,950
1997 37,471,008 9,970,849 723,098 3,910,449 63,696 3,391,545 19,314,752 96,619
1998 42,291,235 9,925,645 1,339,066 4,049,737 606,163 3,741,554 22,530,844 98,226
1999 52,192,031 11,889,746 3,185,892 4,806,823 674,803 3,968,495 27,590,458 75,814
2000 59,083,144 13,103,323 3,224,567 6,293,989 561,452 4,371,291 31,464,096 64,426
Champasak province
1991 10,755,356 1,345,165 - 1,432,920 - 2,450,000 5,527,271 -
1992 14,171,529 1,065,165 221,604 4,226,997 - 2,145,089 6,512,674 -
1993 16,248,263 2,612,325 239,741 2,808,730 - 1,748,478 8,792,421 46,568
1994 18,877,310 2,818,570 241,192 2,173,154 - 2,184,484 11,384,199 75,711
1995 22,761,685 3,701,622 326,082 2,562,749 - 2,646,546 13,446,218 78,468
1996 26,024,525 4,615,241 421,903 3,035,866 - 2,994,327 14,878,703 78,485
1997 31,250,673 6,862,074 649,884 3,710,072 - 2,758,787 17,217,371 52,485
1998 38,679,721 7,721,963 1,247,540 5,152,159 134,015 3,529,825 20,840,740 53,479
1999 45,900,294 9,018,679 1,931,063 7,108,175 177,060 3,847,744 23,759,648 57,925
2000 49,875,612 9,050,116 2,315,325 6,839,407 171,548 4,002,367 27,435,718 61,131
Saravan province
1991 85,816 3,040 - 46,858 - 6,817 29,101 -
1992 883,995 47,206 - 324,438 - 70,928 441,423 -
1993 9,448,021 381,195 - 214,129 - 103,116 8,742,244 7,337
1994 2,350,835 477,545 - 217,181 - 137,123 1,505,119 13,867
1995 2,557,406 369,754 85,664 223,508 - 169,832 1,678,481 30,167
1996 3,392,915 465,579 110,480 312,050 - 277,514 2,178,201 49,091
1997 4,809,889 866,166 262,265 373,121 - 353,601 2,920,256 34,480
1998 8,248,173 1,689,737 963,990 581,033 6,047 460,445 4,487,726 59,195
1999 10,443,120 1,736,336 1,465,175 974,539 3,993 571,404 5,607,941 83,732
2000 12,145,814 1,550,664 1,275,667 1,405,242 - 711,158 7,136,614 66,469
Huaphanh province
1995 -
1996 509,723 - - - - - 509,723 -
1997 1,503,964 8,688 - 109,276 - 118,394 1,235,541 32,065
1998 2,505,564 12,991 - 211,608 - 151,445 2,097,872 31,648
1999 2,937,529 16,228 - 267,831 - 181,330 2,460,021 12,119
2000 3,897,022 38,269 17,010 445,149 - 232,085 3,152,355 12,154
Bokeo province
1995 -
1996 477,808 - - - - - 477,808 -
1997 1,307,830 - - 297,974 - 149,031 807,546 53,279
1998 1,858,447 55,338 - 300,233 14,814 198,361 1,255,042 34,659
1999 2,563,058 95,172 - 430,350 28,323 203,560 1,797,230 8,423
2000 3,151,875 95,984 - 544,622 44,365 252,097 2,207,703 7,104
Bolikhamxai province
1995 -
1996 74,460 - - - - - 74,460 -
1997 1,531,369 103,306 - 5,841 342,413 251,156 828,653 -
1998 4,926,700 874,464 823,624 652,619 56,711 341,856 2,177,426 -
1999 8,194,929 1,323,441 2,407,606 841,909 48,486 308,865 3,264,622 -
2000 9,663,516 1,259,193 2,212,178 1,082,872 48,079 484,416 4,576,778 -
Table 3.4-6 Statistics of Hitsorical Generation in Laos by Power Station
(Unit : kWh)
Year Total Vientiane Prov. Champasack Prov. Louang Prabang Prov. Diesel
Total Hydro(Total) Deisel (Total) Nam Ngum Nam Leuk Diesel Xeset Selabam Namdong Deseil Deseil
1981 855,350,031 855,327,371 22,660 845,879,700 4,889,921 4,557,750 22,660
1982 920,227,010 920,204,654 22,356 910,151,200 5,512,584 4,540,870 22,356
1983 873,365,433 873,243,600 121,833 863,377,600 5,849,340 4,016,660 121,833
1984 902,360,577 902,329,586 30,991 890,975,700 6,562,646 4,791,240 30,991
1985 918,062,724 917,961,704 101,020 906,620,300 6,992,614 4,348,790 101,020
1986 878,819,008 878,784,037 34,971 867,305,000 6,630,207 4,848,830 34,971
1987 577,489,166 577,440,955 48,211 566,606,800 7,219,215 3,614,940 48,211
1988 563,952,927 563,941,477 11,450 552,647,000 8,025,227 3,269,250 11,450
1989 709,554,256 709,547,820 6,436 698,017,300 8,270,330 3,260,190 6,436
1990 833,489,345 833,484,795 4,550 820,557,700 9,021,300 3,905,795 4,550
1991 833,926,714 833,455,585 471,129 683,423,300 143,503,660 3,125,550 3,403,075 471,129
1992 751,812,196 751,037,900 774,296 604,362,500 62,920 137,056,980 6,379,200 3,239,220 711,376
1993 919,863,670 918,159,310 1,704,360 798,330,200 275,580 107,082,770 9,113,600 3,632,740 1,428,780
1994 1,198,549,757 1,196,325,422 2,224,335 1,032,471,400 232,220 142,144,150 17,857,232 3,852,640 1,992,115
1995 1,084,989,378 1,084,788,528 200,850 965,707,900 180,160 95,891,780 20,825,438 2,363,410 20,690
1996 1,247,836,792 1,247,516,798 319,994 1,043,090,800 239,190 177,237,810 21,597,068 5,591,120 25,980 54,824
1997 1,218,744,232 1,218,033,792 710,440 1,054,885,000 677,440 136,033,840 23,062,432 4,052,520 33,000 0
1998 947,777,356 947,512,576 264,780 843,935,500 260,750 78,738,130 20,030,556 4,808,390 4,030 0
1999 1,168,880,070 1,168,703,500 176,570 978,551,300 176,570 160,945,840 24,673,690 4,532,670 0 0
2000 1,578,548,822 1,578,506,782 42,040 1,117,005,000 263,486,300 42,040 168,016,350 24,263,162 5,735,970 0 0
Table 3.4-7 Statistics of Import Energy for 1975 - 2000
(Unit : kWh)
Import from: Thailand Thailand Vietname Thailand Thailand Vietnam Thailand Thailand Thailand
Year Provinces Khammuane Savanakhet Vientiane Xeset Huoaphang Bo keo Borikhamsay Kenethao
Total 22 kV 22 kV, 115 kV 22 kV 115 kV 115 kV 35 kV 22 kV 22 kV 22 kV
1975 8,433,443
1976 6,744,050
1977 6,271,745
1978 6,232,464
1979 6,852,066
1980 7,828,152
1981 8,392,581 1,964,800 6,427,781
1982 10,658,385 2,670,622 7,987,763
1983 13,371,806 3,140,400 10,231,406
1984 16,632,804 3,275,360 13,357,444
1985 17,559,591 3,903,160 13,656,431
1986 17,196,227 3,472,880 13,723,347
1987 17,996,559 3,536,160 14,460,399
1988 19,803,050 3,937,600 15,865,450
1989 23,086,340 4,965,440 18,120,900
1990 27,732,920 6,750,520 20,982,400
1991 34,900,158 10,093,460 24,806,698
1992 41,269,342 14,393,220 26,055,564 63,200 757,358
1993 47,697,670 16,966,400 28,556,158 94,700 2,080,412
1994 57,463,082 20,859,900 33,268,120 1,376,400 1,958,662
1995 76,832,693 26,637,620 38,547,200 3,898,100 7,749,773
1996 87,560,771 34,470,450 41,787,013 881,500 7,335,000 2,112,775 974,033
1997 101,651,186 41,700,901 46,225,836 629,930 7,385,171 1,975,750 1,407,253 1,938,841 387,504
1998 142,283,840 49,691,800 54,510,540 220,645 9,335,130 16,886,302 2,306,500 2,136,194 5,948,329 1,248,400
1999 172,197,130 52,866,526 61,038,006 1,351,350 25,559,090 13,787,655 3,606,750 3,018,720 9,163,837 1,805,196
2000 159,917,735 62,088,381 70,432,845 1,986,950 871,440 10,747,309 4,563,230 3,677,365 3,177,655 2,372,560
Note: Improt by 115 kV line in Savanakhet started from 1997.
Table 3.4-8 Statistics of Export Energy by Power Sources 1971 - 2000
(Unit : kWh)
EDL IPP
Year Total Nam Ngum Xeset Total Theun Hihboune Houy Ho
1971 4,071,700 4,071,700 - - - -

1972 151,974,200 151,974,200 - - - -
1973 159,981,800 159,981,800 - - - -
1974 165,662,000 165,662,000 - - - -
1975 155,289,801 155,289,801 - - - -
1976 156,617,600 156,617,600 - - - -
1977 176,722,000 176,722,000 - - - -
1978 222,510,033 222,510,033 - - - -
1979 787,968,903 787,968,903 - - - -
1980 766,405,400 766,405,400 - - - -
1981 708,703,800 708,703,800 - - - -
1982 749,762,200 749,762,200 - - - -
1983 694,416,900 694,416,900 - - - -
1984 709,716,800 709,716,800 - - - -
1985 716,277,200 716,277,200 - - - -
1986 683,588,000 683,588,000 - - - -
1987 387,250,600 387,250,600 - - - -
1988 363,607,900 363,607,900 - - - -
1989 490,542,990 490,542,990 - - - -
1990 595,192,720 595,192,720 - - - -
1991 562,586,811 435,993,302 126,593,509 - - -
1992 459,818,078 340,384,125 119,433,953 - - -
1993 595,786,249 504,370,900 91,415,349 - - -
1994 829,250,624 700,031,500 129,219,124 - - -
1995 675,546,863 587,311,250 88,235,613 - - -
1996 792,430,900 632,291,400 160,139,500 - - -
1997 710,211,695 595,165,490 115,046,205 - - -
1998 405,197,069 350,345,800 54,851,269 1,211,760,000 1,211,760,000 -
1999 598,140,993 472,400,400 125,740,593 12,630,700,000 11,438,800,000 1,191,900,000
2000 862,938,275 - - - - -
Table 3.4-9 Energy Balance for Whole Country
Domestic G. Generation + Export +

Year Gross Generation Gross Import From Abroad From IPP Export System Losses
Consumption Import Domestic
(kWh) (kWh) (kWh) (kWh) (kWh) (kWh) (kWh) (kWh) (kWh) (%)
(1) (2)=(3)+(4) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)=(1)+(2) (8)=(5)+(6) (9)=(7)-(8) (10)
1981 855,350,031 8,392,581 8,392,581 708,703,800 105,118,000 863,742,612 813,821,800 49,920,812 32.2
1982 920,227,010 10,658,385 10,658,385 749,762,200 107,373,000 930,885,395 857,135,200 73,750,195 40.7
1983 873,365,433 13,371,806 13,371,806 694,416,900 124,008,965 886,737,239 818,425,865 68,311,374 35.5
1984 902,360,577 16,632,804 16,632,804 709,716,800 127,466,238 918,993,381 837,183,038 81,810,343 39.1
1985 918,062,724 17,559,591 17,559,591 716,277,200 130,385,347 935,622,315 846,662,547 88,959,768 40.6
1986 878,819,008 17,196,227 17,196,227 683,588,000 128,151,280 896,015,235 811,739,280 84,275,955 39.7
1987 577,489,166 17,996,559 17,996,559 387,250,600 125,533,604 595,485,725 512,784,204 82,701,521 39.7
1988 563,952,927 19,803,050 19,803,050 363,607,900 139,100,930 583,755,977 502,708,830 81,047,147 36.8
1989 709,554,256 23,086,340 23,086,340 490,542,990 149,196,361 732,640,596 639,739,351 92,901,245 38.4
1990 833,489,345 27,732,920 27,732,920 595,192,720 164,576,173 861,222,265 759,768,893 101,453,372 38.1
1991 833,926,714 34,900,158 34,900,158 562,586,811 220,666,369 868,826,872 783,253,180 85,573,692 27.9
1992 751,812,196 41,269,342 41,269,342 459,818,078 252,737,490 793,081,538 712,555,568 80,525,970 24.2
1993 919,863,670 47,697,670 47,697,670 595,786,249 264,848,396 967,561,340 860,634,645 106,926,695 28.8
1994 1,198,549,757 57,463,082 57,463,082 829,250,624 279,441,678 1,256,012,839 1,108,692,302 147,320,537 34.5
1995 1,084,989,378 76,832,693 76,832,693 675,546,863 337,472,311 1,161,822,071 1,013,019,174 148,802,897 30.6
1996 1,247,836,792 87,560,771 87,560,771 792,430,900 379,541,423 1,335,397,563 1,171,972,323 163,425,240 30.1
1997 1,218,744,232 101,651,186 101,651,186 710,211,695 433,678,545 1,320,395,418 1,143,890,240 176,505,178 28.9
1998 947,777,356 142,283,840 142,283,840 405,197,069 513,272,507 1,090,061,196 918,469,576 171,591,620 25.1
1999 1,168,880,070 173,441,673 172,197,130 1,244,543 598,140,993 565,546,838 1,342,321,743 1,163,687,831 178,633,912 24.0
2000 1,578,548,822 162,605,507 159,917,735 2,687,772 862,938,275 639,863,753 1,741,154,329 1,502,802,028 238,352,301 27.1
Note: System loss (10) = (9) / ((7)-(5)) x 100
100.0
(MW)
90.0
June 24, 2001(Sun)
80.0
June 20, 2001 (Wed)
70.0
60.0
50.0
40.0
30.0
20.0 Load Factor:

10.0
68% on June 24, 2001
82% on June 20, 2001
0.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Hours
Phonetong SS
20.0
(MW)
18.0
July 08, 2001(Sun) Load Factor:
16.0 78% on July 8, 2001
July 11, 2001(Wed)
14.0 78% on July 11, 2001
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
4.0
2.0
0.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Thanaleng SS Hours
5.0
(MW)
Jan.28,2001(Sun) Load Factor:
4.0 Jan. 31, 2001Wed) 66% on Jan. 28, 2001
58% on Jan.31, 2001
3.0
2.0
1.0
0.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Hours
Pakxan SS
(MW) 20.0
18.0
May 6, 2001 (Sun)
16.0
May 2, 2001(Wed)
14.0
12.0
10.0
8.0
6.0
Load Factor:
4.0 60% on May 6, 2001
2.0 65% on May 2, 2001
0.0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
Hours
Bang Yo SS
Japan International Cooperation Agency The Study Figure No. 3.4-3

(JICA) on Master Plan
Title
Joint Venture of Transmission Line
S
Daily Load Curve at Substations

EL
AO
E
CT L Nippon Koei Co., Ltd.
RICITE DU
& and
Electricite du Laos Tokyo Electric Power Company Substation System
CHAPTER IV
GENERATION DEVELOPMENT PLAN

Chapter 4 Generation Development Plan
4.1 Generation Development Plan
4.1.1 Overview
Sufficient amount of electricity is vital for domestic, commercial and industrial consumers within Lao
PDR, while electricity exports make a large contribution toward earning foreign exchange of the
country. Apart from the proposed IPP lignite development at Hongsa and a number of small diesel
and solar facilities, all existing and planned generation in Lao PDR is hydropower.
The Mekong Secretariat estimated exploitable hydropower potential in Loa PDR to be around 18,000
MW in total installed capacity of power plants. These prodigious hydropower resources have been
partially developed to provide most of the generation needs of the country at the 150 MW Nam Ngum
1 and 60 MW Nam Leuk schemes near Vientiane, and the 45 MW Xeset 1 plant in the south of the
country. In addition, two privately owned hydropower export schemes (IPP), i.e. the 210 MW Theun
Hinboun and the 150 MW Houay Ho, have been commissioned in recent years and are delivering
energy to the Thailand.
Hydropower projects in the country are classified into two distinct categories according to their
primary purpose.
(a) Domestic Generation Projects: EDL builds with concessionary finance and operates the
plants of capacity below to around 100~150 MW for domestic energy supply.
(b) Export Generation Projects: Export projects are primary implemented by IPP groups
specifically to meet commitments under the inter-governmental MOUs. The projects are
large, generally in excess of 100 MW.
A lot of studies for development of hydropower plants have been made by MIH, EDL, IPPs and their
consultants in assessing the technically exploitable resources and evaluating social and environmental
impacts of such development. Among these studies, the study team has referred to the following two
studies dealing with the development of the generation plans in the Lao PDR for examination of
generation development planning:
(a) Hydropower Development Strategy Study (HDSS) by World Bank funding, Draft final report
in January 2000.
(b) Power Sector Strategy Study (PSSS) by ADB funding, Draft final report in February 2001.
IV - 1
Part I Master Plan
HDSS has made a comprehensive study on the large and medium scale hydropower development
allover the country. One of the objectives of the HDSS was to estimate the priority, scale and timing of
hydropower development for both domestic and export over a period of about ten years. HDSS has
defined in its report the general strategy in the hydropower development of Lao PDR. The report
discusses planning criteria and process, financing arrangements, contractual issues, project
implementation models, policy formulation in respect of environmental and social issues, ranking of
the proposed IPP projects, and a domestic generation and transmission expansion.
PSSS aimed to identify projects for loan funded by ADB in the areas of export generation, domestic
generation, grid development, national electrification and institutional strengthening in order to
provide benefits to Lao PDR in terms of poverty alleviation, social development, the status of women,
and environmentally sustainable development. Main purposes of PSSS are to review previous study
reports including HDSS report and policies and programs in the power sector of the Lao government,
to update the development program of domestic and export power projects designed to meet local and
export demand. The report includes a grid development strategy to prepare a national electrification
plan, and to identify off-grid power supply projects using renewable energy sources, etc.
On the basis of study results of the above two reports, MIH/EDL has framed the latest program of
generation development in the country and provided the program to the Team during October 2001.
The Team has formulated the optimum transmission system in Lao PDR strictly based on the given
generation development program.
This chapter introduces outlines of the above two reports and the latest program of generation
development given by MIH/EDL to the Team as well as the present and planned off-grid
electrification.
4.1.2 Plans for Export Purpose
The current bilateral agreements between the Government of Lao and the Government of Thailand
and Vietnam provide for the export of an additional 3,300 MW to Thailand and of 1,000 MW to
Vietnam during the next ten years.
Presently, a number of MOUs (Memorandum of Understanding) and CAs (Concession Agreement) of

IPP projects are concluded. HDSS has made MOSES (Multi-Objective Scenario Evaluation System)
on the candidate export projects and resulted in the ranking given in Table 4.1-1.
IV - 2
Table 4.1-1 MOSES Ranking of Export Scheme
Installed Annual Energy

Project Capacity Project Type Output Ranking
(MW) (GWh p.a.)
Nam Theun 2 980 Storage, basin transfer 5,170 1
Nam Mo 105 Storage 581 2
Xe Kaman 1 468 Storage 1,925 9
Xe Pian-Xe-Namnoy 390 Storage, basin transfer 1,995 5
Xe Katam 100 Run-of-river 352 4
Nam Ngum 2 615 Storage 2,109 6
Nam Ngiep 1 240 Storage 1,429 7
Xe Kaman 3 308 Storage 1,392 10
Nam Ngum 3 440 Storage 1,865 3
Nam Ngum 5 100 Storage 430 11
Nam Theun 3 237 Storage 772 8
Xe Kong 5 250 Storage 1,183 13
Nam Mouan A 140 Storage 695 15
Nam Kong 1 240 Storage 783 12
Xe Kong 4 450 Storage 1,762 14
As seen in the table, the Nam Theun 2 is the most advantageous export project from a GOL
perspective.
Based on the project catalogues of the HDSS with some additions and modifications on the generation
candidates, PSSS has made the analysis on the candidate projects in terms of economic feasibility and
social and environmental impacts of these projects, and proposed the generation plan for export as
stated below:
(1) Proposed Schedule for Export to Thailand: PSSS proposed an attractive schedule for export to
Thailand to meet the overall target of 3,300MW during the next ten year would be as follows:
i) Nam Theun 2 1,015 MW
ii) Nam Ngum 3E 550 MW
iii) Nam Ngum 2B 175 MW
iv) Nam Ngiep 1 350 MW
v) Nam Theun 1F 380 MW
vi) Xe Kaman 1 445 MW
vii) Hongsa Lignite 685 MW (at a late stage, review feasibility)
Total 3,600 MW
(2) Proposed Schedule for Export to Vietnam: PSSS also recommended for export of 1,000 MW of
hydropower from Lao to Vietnam over the next ten years, suitable candidates would be:
i) Nam Mo 100 MW
ii) Xe Pian-Xe Namnoy 375 MW
iii) Xe Kaman 3 295 MW
iv) Nam Kong 1 225 MW
Total 995 MW
IV - 3
Part I Master Plan
4.1.3 Plans for Domestic Purpose
Project sites for domestic hydropower development were also studied in the HDSS using MOSES
taking account of their economic, financial, social and environmental characteristics, and resulted in
the ranking given in Table 4.1-2. Nam Mang 3 and Houay Lamphan Gnai show promise and have
size and location that make them suitable for domestic supply in the north and south regions,
respectively.
HDSS proposed that, as the fall in the cost of generation in Thailand will decrease the price of EDL
purchase from EGAT, the future increase in electricity demand should be largely met by imports from
Thailand. The future off-takes from IPP projects beyond Theun Hinboun and Houay Ho plants are
not recommended. The above recommendation by HDSS does not take account of the Government's
policy on self-sufficiency of electricity production
Table 4.1-2 MOSES Ranking of Domestic Supply Scheme by HDSS

Project Capacity Project Type Output Ranking
(MW) (GWh p.a.)
Houay Lamphan Gnai 60 Storage 373 2
Nam Mang 3 50 Storage, multipurpose 142 1
Nam Sane 2 60 Storage 283 10
Nam Beng 50 Storage 217 8
Phapheng (Thakho) 30 Main stream, run-of-river 214 4
Nam Pot 25 Storage 99 9
Nam Bak 2B 116 Storage, basin transfer 527 3
Nam Kong 3 25 Storage 142 13
Xeset 2 70 Run-of river 252 6
Xeset 3 16 Run-of river 72 5
Nam Sim 7 Run-of -river 24 7
Nam Ngum 4A 54 Storage 243 14
Nam Ngum 4B 56 Run-of-river 205 15
Xe Pon 74 Storage 300 12
Xe Xou 60 Storage 277 11
Based on the HDSS report and other reports, PSSS has made further evaluation on the selected
projects in the previous studies taking into account their potential to add value to the Lao economy,
the present constraints to their development, and the further steps and work needed to overcome these
constraints. PSSS has concluded that, considering the certain development of import prices of
electricity, the economic advantage of power imports over domestic generation is doubtful for EDL,
and then PSSS has proposed the domestic generation plan for the period up to 2010 together with the
development of the national interconnected grid. The recommended domestic generation plan for
the period up to 2010 comprised four new projects:
IV - 4
Project Capacity
(i) Nam Mang 3 35 MW

(ii) Houay Lamphan Gnai 70 MW
(iii) Thakho 35 MW
(iv) Nam Ngum 5 100 MW
Total 246 MW
4.1.4 Off-Grid Systems
(1) Power Sources of Off-Grid Areas
EDL is also responsible for the reticulation of electricity in a number of areas isolated from the main
supply grids. At present, some centers import supplies across international borders, Sam Neua in
Houaphan province and Xepon in Savannakhet province are interconnected with the EVN grid of
Vietnam, while Mouan Kenthao in Xayabury province and Houayxai in Bokeo province are supplied
from Thailand. At the current EDL tariff, sales in areas supplied from cross border connections are
made at prices below purchase price.
The alternative power sources other than EDL's transmission and distribution power grids and also
power supplies imported across international borders under control of EDL are discussed in this
clause.
The population of Lao PDR is predominantly rural. Rural households are largely not electrified.
Quality of life, educational attainments, economic development and the achievement of other social
and economic objectives are being stifled by the absence of a reticulated 24 hour supply of electricity
in rural areas. Grid extension is generally the most cost-effective rural electrification strategy. In
Lao PDR, the grids are still relatively underdeveloped in the mountainous terrain and large areas of
the country where the prospect of a grid connection is remote.
For villages in these areas, the following technologies have been generally applied as viable means of
national electrification in Lao.
- Small Hydropower (mini, micro, pico)

- Solar photo -voltaic
- Diesel powered generator sets (small to large)
Table 4.1-3 indicates the present level of electrification in each province from off-grid supplies.
IV - 5
Part I Master Plan
Table 4.1-3 Present Level of Off-Grid Supplies
Small/Micro Diesel Solar Pico Hydro Total

Hydro Off-grid Supply
No. Province Capacity No. of Capacity No. of Capacity No. of Capacity No. of Capacity No. of
(kW) Village (kW) Village (kW) Village (kW) Village (kW) Village
1 Vientiane Mun. 0 0 8,000 0 0 0 n.a n.a 8,000 0
2 Phongsaly 120 9 420 11 0 0 n.a n.a 540 20
3 Luang Namtha 126 9 1,040 32 0 0 n.a n.a 1,166 41
4 Oudomxai 1,500 37 250 4 1.2 0 n.a n.a 1,751 41
5 Bokeo 0 0 553 3 0 0 n.a n.a 553 3
6 Luang Prabang 1,086 7 1,618 20 1.6 1 n.a n.a 2,706 28
7 Houaphan 768 22 0 0 0 0 n.a n.a 768 22
8 Xayabury 180 6 1,252 46 0 0 n.a n.a 1,432 52
9 Xiengkhouang 540 35 635 10 0 0 n.a n.a 1,175 45
10 Vientiane 0 0 370 11 30.7 6 n.a n.a 401 17
11 Bolikhamxai 1,600 22 50 12 5 2 n.a n.a 1,655 36
12 Khammuone 0 0 0 0 0 0 n.a n.a 0 0
13 Savannakhet 75 1 1,000 0 3 2 n.a n.a 1,078 3
14 Saravan 0 0 550 2 0.2 0 n.a n.a 550 2
15 Xekong 0 0 400 0 0.2 0 n.a n.a 400 0
16 Champasak 40 0 240 0 0 0 n.a n.a 280 0
17 Attapue 0 0 364 2 0 0 n.a n.a 364 2
18 Xaysomboun 200 3 260 3 0 0 n.a n.a 460 6
Total 6,235 151 17,002 156 42 11 0 0 23,279 318
(2) Small-Scale Hydropower
Small-scale hydropower projects often the least-cost alternative. There has been extensive
development of mini- and micro-hydropower projects over a period of many years. Existing mini- and
micro-hydropower plants are listed in Table 4.1-4. There are three mini-hydropower plants, each
having more than 1,000 kW installed capacity, and 31 micro-hydropower plants of installed capacity
less than 1,000 kW.
With the country's steep rivers and high rainfall, such plants can be the least-cost means of providing
an electricity supply of reasonable standard. Small scale hydropower will continue to play an
important and effective role in the economic and social advancement of many remote communities. In
the HDSS report, it was proposed that the priority of an area is high if:
(i) It is difficult or expensive to interconnect the supply area with the existing grid.
(ii) It has a suitable hydro site in reasonable proximity to the supply area.
(iii) The load in the supply area is adequate and reasonably concentrated.
(iv) Villagers in the supply area have reasonable capacity to pay.
(v) There exists, or there is potential for, industrial and/or intensive agricultural activity
such as irrigation.
(vi) It is accessible by adequate road and other transportation links to provincial centers and
markets.
IV - 6
Table 4.1-5 shows small-scale hydropower plants under construction and candidate projects planned
by MIH.
Table 4.1-5 Small/Micro Hydropower Development Plans

Installed
Nos. of Period of
No. Project District Province Capacity
Generators Construction
(kW)
Under Construction
1 Houaykasen Paktha Oudomxai 75 1 x 75 kW '97 - 2001
2 Nam La, Bantao Xamtai Huoaphan 104 2 x 50.2 kW '97 - 2001
3 Nam Tha-3 Nam Tha Luang Namtha 1,200 3 x 400 kW '99 - 2002
Total 1,379
Planned
1 Nam Boun-2 Phongsaly Phongsaly 1,500 - -
2 Nam Ngao Beng Oudomxai 2,000 - -
3 Nam Beng Beng Oudomxai 1,500 - -
4 Tadsalen Xepon Savannakheth 3,200 - -
5 Nam Hao Vienxay Huoaphan 5,000 - -
6 Nam Ngay Phongsaly Phongsaly 1,000 - -
7 Nam Ham-2 Boten Xayabury 2,000 - -
8 Nam Sim Vienxay Huoaphan 2,700 - -
9 Nam Kuang Viengkham Huoaphan 1,200 - -
10 Nam Ou-1/2 Gnodou Phongsaly 500 - -
11 Nam Gnon Huoayxay Bokeo 460 - -
12 Nam Ka Kham Xiengkhouang 800 - -
13 Tdxiengleu Buolapha Khammuone 800 - -
14 Nam Phouang Dakchung Xekong 400 - -
15 Nam Yang Viengthong Bolikhamxai 450 - -
16 Nam Khuang Xam Tai Huoaphan 200 - -
17 Nam Pa-2 Phonxay Luang Prabang 70 - -
18 Nam Sing Sing Luang Namtha 200 - -
19 Houay Hop Viengkham Luang Prabang 100 - -
20 Nam Pok Samphan Phongsaly 200 - -
21 Nam Khieo Paktha Bokeo 150 - -
22 Tad Nammeung Meung Bokeo 150 - -
23 Nam Nga Mai Phongsaly 100 - -
24 Nam Pouan Khamkeuth Bolikhamxai 20 - -
25 Houay Sing Vangvieng Vientiane Pro. 20 - -
26 Man Keng Kasi Vientiane Pro. 50 - -
Total 24,770
(Source: MIH)
Under assistance of GEF, the pico-hydro systems have been also installed in one village in Luang
Prabang province, a 2 kW Pelton turbine serves 68 households and a 500 W propeller type turbine
serves six households although it has the capacity to serve 20.
(3) Diesel Generation Plants
Diesel generation plants from small to medium scale have been built and operated for off-grid
electrification purpose in the last thirty years. The list of existing diesel generation plants is shown
IV - 7
Part I Master Plan
on Table 4.1-6. The total installed capacity of diesel generation plants is 17,398 kW in 1999. Most
of diesel plants except those for Vientiane Municipality and Luang Prabang province have been
installed in the northern region where the EDL's grids or supply system do not exist. As seen in the
table, diesel generation plants still play a important role for rural electrification as an easiest mean.
However, in most of cases, diesel generators operate in night time only for lighting loads, and 24 hour
supply is not available.
When grid extensions reach areas supplied by isolated diesel generators, EDL plans to relocate diesel
generators in good condition to other areas without grid supply, and those not in good condition be
scrapped.
(4) Photo-Voltaic System
To date, JICA and the World Bank have made external finance that is made available for off-grid
electrification project by means of photo-voltaic generation system.
Under a GEF grant, MIH/EDL has implemented a pilot off-grid project involving electrification with
solar home systems (SHS) and pico-hydro units. Solar home systems of 10, 20 and 30 W have been
introduced at 219 households in Vientiane province with total capacity of 4,750 W.
JICA has executed the study on Rural Electrification Project by Renewable Energy from September
1998 to March 2001. Under the study, the pilot project of rural electrification has been implemented
through MIH in Vientiane province and Bolikhamxai province, using SHS and battery charging
station (BCS). 55 W and 110 W solar home systems were installed at 254 households and battery
charging stations of 990 W and 1,980 W capacity were installed at 8 sites in the study area. JICA
confirmed during the study that the proposed system suits villagers' needs, capacity to pay and ability
for operation and maintenance in the rural area of Lao PDR, and it may have a great potential for the
development of rural electrification as one of the alternatives.
4.2 Development Plan for the Study
Basing on the recommendations made by HDSS and PSSS, EDL has prepared its own generation
development program for the domestic supply in consultation with the MIH as shown on Table 4.2-1.
All the projects recommended by PSSS with inclusion of Xeset 2 and Xeset 3 are proposed to be
implemented by the year 2010, and most of other projects recommended in the HDSS ranking list are
also proposed to construct during the period of 2010 to 2020.
IV - 8
Table 4.2-1 Domestic Generation Development Projects Prepared by EDL

Commissioning
No Region Project Capacity Production
Year
(MW) (GWh)
1 Central Nam Mang 3 2004 35 140
2 Southern Xeset 2 2005 76 309
3 Central Nam Ngum 5 2006 100 430
4 Northern Nam Beng 2006 45 175
5 Southern Tha Kho 2008 36 215
6 Southern Xeset 3 2008 20 85
7 Southern Houay Lamphan Gnai 2010 65 354
8 Central Nam Ngum 4B 2012 54 268
9 Southern Xepon 2012 75 338
10 Central Nam Pot 2014 23 97
11 Southern Nam Kong 3 2016 34 156
12 Central Nam Bak 2B 2016 116 563
13 Central Nam Ngum 4A 2018 54 250
14 Southern Xexou 2020 59 277
15 Central Nam Sane2 2020 60 279
EDL has also estimated the generation development program for export purpose considering the
results and recommendation of the above two studies as shown in Table 4.2-2.
Table 4.2-2 IPP Generation Development Program Estimated by EDL
Installed Annual Energy Allocated for

Commissioning
No Region Project Capacity Production Domestic Use
Year
(MW) (GWh) (MW) (GWh)
1 Central 1 Nam Mo 2006 105 581 5 29
2 Central 1 Nam Ngum 2 2008 615 2,109 31 105
3 Central 1 Nam Ngum 3 2008 460 1,851 23 93
4 Central 2 Nam Theun 2 2008 1,088 5,500 75 275
5 Central 1 Hongsa Lignite 2010 720 4,265 36 213
6 Southern Xepien-Xenamnoy 2010 390 1,995 20 100
7 Southern Xe Kaman 1 2010 468 1,925 23 96
8 Central 1 Nam Theun 1 2012 400 1,897 20 95
9 Southern Nam Kong 1 2012 240 802 12 40
10 Southern Xe Kaman 3 2012 218 1,349 11 67
11 Central 1 Nam Ngiep 1 2012 240 1,429 12 71
12 Southern Sekong 4 2014 440 1,746 22 87
13 Southern Sekong 5 2014 253 1,183 13 59
14 Central 1 Nam Theun 3 2016 236 772 12 39
15 Central 1 Nam Ngiep 2 2016 495 2,487 25 124
16 Central 1 Nam Ou 2018 500 2,628 25 131
17 Central 1 Nam Khan 2 2018 145 724 7 36
Although there are some constraints in implementation of the candidate projects as mentioned above,
the generation development program proposed by EDL is considered reasonable to meet the growing
electricity demand in the Lao PDR.
IV - 9
Part I Master Plan
IPP generation development program shown on Table 4.2-2 is taken into account for the study of
formulation of optimum transmission network in Lao PDR for domestic power supply.
(a) Nam Thuen 2 project is at an advanced state of preparation. Public acceptance on

environmental and resettlement issues, the concession agreement with the Government of
Lao PDR and the PPA with EGAT are all at an advance stage.
(b) EDL is entitled to purchase around 5 % of total output energy from IPP projects domestic
use. In case of Nam Thuen 2 project, a separate turbine and generator of 75 MW output
capacity will be provided by the project for exclusive use for domestic supply according to
the agreement between IPP and the Government.
(c) The other IPP projects have no specific agreement for domestic purpose to date. For the
study purpose, Hongsa Lignite only is considered to have a separate turbine-generator of 40
MW output for domestic use.
(d) 5 % off-take of generated energy at the other IPP projects is assumed to be utilized for
distribution of their neighboring areas.
Thus, domestic generation development program in Table 4.2-1 and IPP generation development
program in Table 4.2-2 given during October 2001 by EDL to the Team are the base of all the Team’s
study. The assumed delays in completion of the generation projects were examined by the Team as a
sensitivity analysis.
IV - 10
Table 4.1-4 List of Existing Small/Micro Hydropower Plants
Capacity No. of Year of

No. Name of Site District Province
(kW) Generators Commissioning
1 Nam Phao Khamkeut Bolikhamxay 1,600 2 x 800 kW 1995
2 Nam Ko Xai Ou Domxay 1,500 3 x 500 kW 1996
3 Nam Dong Luang Prabang Luang Prabang 1,000 3 x 336 kW 1970
4 Nam Pa-1 Luang Prabang Luang Prabang 16 1 x 16 kW 1998
5 Nam Mong Nam Bak Luang Prabang 70 1 x 70 kW 2000
6 Nam Boun-1 Boun Neua Phongsaly 110 2 x 55 kW 1996
7 Nam Khoun Boun Neua Phongsaly 5 1 x 5 kW 1996
8 Nam Kha Boun Neua Phongsaly 5 1 x 5 kW 1996
9 Nam Leu Nam Tha Luang Namtha 46 1 x 45.2 kW 1994
10 Houaykhibouan Long Luang Namtha 50 1 x 50 kW 1998
11 Nam Noung Nale Luang Namtha 30 1 x 30 kW 1999
12 Nam Poun-1 Vienxay Houaphan 96 2 x 48 kW 1994
13 Nam Poun-2 Vienxay Houaphan 48 1 x 48 kW 1994
14 Nam Soy Xam Nua Houaphan 12 1 x 12 kW 1994
15 Houay Men Xam Nua Houaphan 24 1 x 24 kW 1994
16 Nam Hang Xam Nua Houaphan 6 1 x 6 kW 1994
17 Nam San Xam Tai Houaphan 110 2 x 55 kW 1995
18 Nam Peun Huoamuang Houaphan 36 1 x 36 kW 1986
19 Nam Et Vienthong Houaphan 80 1 x 80 kW 1988
20 Nam Long Xiengkhor Houaphan 20 1 x 20 kW 1989
21 Nam Soblong Sobbao Houaphan 24 1 x 24 kW 1989
22 Nam Ham-1 Boten Xayabuly 180 2 x 90 kW 1992
23 Bansobma Kham Xiengkhouang 55 1 x 55 kW 1995
24 Nam Tien Kham Xiengkhouang 75 1 x 75 kW 1995
25 Ban Tan-1 Khoun Xiengkhouang 5 1 x 5 kW 1994
26 Ban tan-2 Khoun Xiengkhouang 8 1 x 8 kW 1995
27 Ban Poung Khoun Xiengkhouang 5 1 x 5 kW 1995
28 Ban Nong Phaxai Xiengkhouang 40 1 x 40 kW 1995
29 Nam Ka-1 Phaxai Xiengkhouang 12 1 x 12 kW 1987
32 Nam Pouy Phaxai Xiengkhouang 24 1 x 24 kW 1986
33 Nam Chath Mok Xiengkhouang 100 1 x 100 kW 1995
34 Houay Saloy Nong Savannakheth 75 1 x 75 kW 1996
35 Houay Champi Pakxong Champasak 40 1 x 40 kW 1985
36 Nam Phai Phoun Xaisonboun 200 1 x 200 kW 1999
37 Nam Sadth Viengthong Huaphan 250 2 x 125 kW 2000
Total 6,043
(Source: MIH)
Table 4.1-6 List of Existing Diesel Generation Plants
Capacity No. of Year of

No. Name of Site District Province
(kW) Generators Commissioning
1 Diesel (Stand by) Sisattanak Vientiane Mun. 8,000 4 x 2000 kW 1971
2 Diesel Phongsaly Phongsaly 300 2 x 150 kW 1993
3 Diesel Khuoa Phongsaly 120 1 x 120 kW 1997
4 Diesel Mai Phongsaly 50 1 x 50 kW 1999
5 Diesel (broken) Nam Tha Luang Namtha 250 1 x 250 kW 1989
5 Diesel Nam Tha Luang Namtha 400 1 x 400 kW 1998
5 Diesel (Stand by) Nam Tha Luang Namtha 155 1 x 155 kW 1997
6 Diesel Sing Luang Namtha 120 1 x 120 kW 1997
7 Diesel (Stand by) Nale Luang Namtha 15 1 x 15 kW 1990
8 Diesel (broken of TL) Long Luang Namtha 50 1 x 50 kW 1999
9 Diesel Viengphoukha Luang Namtha 30 1 x 30 kW 1999
10 Diesel (Stand by) Xai Oudomxai 200 1 x 200 kW 1993
11 Diesel Houn Oudomxai 50 1 x 50 kW 1993
12 Diesel (Stand by) Houayxay Bokeo 244 1 x 244 kW 1993
13 Diesel Pha Oudom Bokeo 54 1 x 54 kW 1993
14 Diesel Paktha Bokeo 15 1 x 15 kW 1993
15 Diesel (Stand by) Tonpheung Gokeo 20 1 x 20 kW 1993
15 Diesel Tonpheung Gokeo 120 1 x 120 kW 1997
16 Diesel (Stand by) Meung Bokeo 45 1 x 45 kW 1993
17 Diesel (Stand by) Luang Prabang Luang Prabang 240 1 x 240 kW 1960
18 Diesel Nan Luang Prabang 155 1 x 155kW 1997
19 Diesel Nam Bak Luang Prabang 155 1 x 155kW 1997
20 Diesel Ngoy Luang Prabang 120 1 x 120 kW 1997
21 Diesel Viengkham Luang Prabang 120 1 x 120 kW 1997
22 Diesel Xayaboury Xayaboury 400 2 x 200 kW 1993
23 Diesel Khob Xayaboury 50 1 x 50 kW 1993
24 Diesel (Stand by) Hongsa Xayaboury 70 1 x 70 kW 1993
24 Diesel Hognsa Xayaboury 155 1 x 155 kW 1997
25 Diesel Ngeun Xayaboury 50 1 x 50 kW 1994
26 Diesel Xienghon Xayaboury 50 1 x 50 kW 1994
27 Diesel Phieng Xayaboury 200 1 x 200 kW 1989
28 Diesel (Stand by) Paklay Xayaboury 250 1 x 250 kW 1994
28 Diesel Paklay Xayaboury 155 1 x 155 kW 1997
29 Diesel Thongmixay Xayaboury 20 1 x 20 kW 1998
30 Diesel Pek Xiengkhoung 600 2 x 300 kW 1995
31 Diesel Phoukoudt Xiengkhouang 35 1 x 35 kW 1995
32 Diesel Pheung Vientiane Pro. 120 1 x 120 kW 1997
33 Diesel Xanakham Vientiane Pro. 250 1 x 250 kW 1994
34 Diesel (Stand by) Khanthabouki Savannakheth 1,000 4 x 2500 kW 1970
35 Diesel (Stand by) Saravan Saravan 400 2 x 200 kW 1985
36 Diesel TaOy Saravan 120 1 x 120 kW 1997
37 Diesel Samouy Saravan 30 1 x 30 kW 1998
38 Diesel (Stand by) Lamam Xekong 400 2 x 200 kW 1995
39 Diesel (Stand by) Pakse Champasak 240 1 x 240 kW 1970
40 Diesel (Stand by) Samakhixay Attapeu 244 1 x 244 kW 1994
41 Diesel Sanamxay Attapeu 120 1 x 120 kW 1997
42 Diesel Thathom Xaisomboun 35 1 x 35 kW 1998
43 Diesel (Stand by) Xaisomboun Xaisomboun 75 1 x 75 kW 1995
44 Diesel Xaisomboun Xaisonboun 155 1 x 155 kW 1997
Total 17,398
(Source: MIH)
CHAPTER V
ELECTRICITY DEMAND FORECAST

Chapter 5 Electricity Demand Forecast
The electricity demand forecast and demand - supply balance for the whole country and also the demand
forecast for the EDL's transmission network including breakdown to each substation are discussed in this
chapter.
The primary function of the transmission system is to deliver the electric energy generated at power stations
to demand centers. The long-term plan for development of power station for domestic power supply was
prepared by the EDL based on the Power Sector Strategy Study (PSSS) by ADB. The development program
of IPP power stations is also discussed in the PSSS. From the IPP generating power plants, EDL has a right
to receive approximately 5 % of the generated energy for domestic supply purpose.
EDL's development program of power stations for domestic use and also development plans of IPP power
stations were taken up as the generation development plan of the country. Based on these generation and
demand data, a network expansion and reinforcement plan and its implementation timing shall be worked
out.
5.1 Existing Power Demand Forecast
The following power demand forecasts were available for nation-wide electricity demand forecast:
(a) EDL's own power demand forecast for the period of 2000 to 2020
(b) Forecast for 2000 to 2020 by Power Sector Strategy Study (PSSS) of ADB (Draft final report,
March 2001)
(c) Forecast for 2000 to 2010 by Hydropower Development Strategy Study (HDSS) of World
Bank (January 2000)
The details of the above power demand forecast are discussed below.
(1) EDL's Own Power Demand Forecast
EDL has prepared their own power demand forecast by the System Planning Office on the basis of the
past record of energy sales and peak load at substations. Energy consumption including all
categories by each province level is considered as a basis. Power demand forecast is prepared for each
province level with the estimated growth rate for energy consumption and peak load. The growth
rates applied to the demand forecast are estimated from the past trend of growths of energy
consumption and peak load for each province level. Table 5.1-1 shows power demand forecast
V-1
Part I Master Plan
prepared by EDL, where average growth rate of energy demand and peak load is estimated at 13 to
14 % for the period of 2001 to 2005 and 5 to 9 % for 2006 to 2020. It is noted that the past records
of energy consumption were obtained from energy sales records at the consumer side and peak loads
were measured at 22 kV bus of each substation. The summary of EDL's demand forecast is shown
on Table 5.1-2.
Table 5.1-2 Summary of Power Demand Forecast by EDL
Item Unit 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

Energy Consumption (GWh) 648.6 1,257.4 1,963.3 2,754.6 3,681.1
Average growth rate (%) - 14.2 9.3 7.0 6.0
Peak Load (MW) 172.1 321.4 464.2 612.2 791.0
Load Factor (%) 43.0 44.7 48.3 51.4 53.1
(Source: EDL, October 2001)
(2) Power Demand Forecast by Power Sector Strategy Study (PSSS)
The Power Sector Strategy Study has reviewed the national load forecast (2000) prepared by
MIH/EDL. Based on their analysis, a number of adjustments were made in the EDL's forecast,
resulting in a somewhat more even load growth over the study period. Small changes were made in
area growth rates and a slightly higher increase in the total system load factor. The revised forecast
is referred to as the Base Case Forecast and the summary is shown in Table 5.1-3
Table 5.1-3 Base Case Domestic Load Forecast by PSSS
2000 2005 2010

1 Energy Sold (GWh) 653.4 1,222.6 2,021.2
2 Energy Losses (GWh) 217.8 305.6 505.3
(%) 25.0 20.0 20.0
3 Energy sent-out (GWh) 871.2 1,528.2 2,526.5
Average growth rate (%) - 11.9 10.6
4 Max. Demand Sent-out (MW) 168.9 288.9 466.4
5 Load Factor (Sent-out) (%) 58.9 60.4 61.6
(Source: Draft Final Report for Power Sector Strategy Study, March 2001)
Taking the general electrification policy of the country (a rate of electrification of 90% by the year
2020) into account, PSSS study team found that MIH/EDL's electrification plan appeared in the EDL's
load forecast up to the year 2010 could not achieve the target. Thus, they prepared a second load
forecast with more rapid increase in electrification to meet the 90% electrification in the year 2020.
This load forecast is referred to as the High Forecast in which 470,000 additional households to be
electrified over the period of 2000 to 2010. The summary is shown in Table 5.1-4.
V-2
Table 5.1-4 High Domestic Load Forecast by PSSS

2000 2005 2010
1 Energy Sold (GWh) 663.2 1,304.6 2,201.9
2 Energy Losses (GWh) 221.1 326.1 550.5
(%) 25.0 20.0 20.0
3 Energy sent-out (GWh) 884.3 1,630.7 2,752.4
4 Max. Demand Sent-out (MW) 195.4 317.3 535.9
5 Load Factor (Sent-out) (%) 58.8 58.7 58.6
(Source: Draft Final Report for Power Sector Strategy Study, March 2001)
This PSSS’s demand forecast is based on the past tendency of energy consumption of various
categories of consumers adjusting annual electrification rate to meet the GOL’s electrification target to
be 90 % by the year 2020. The forecast deems to be appropriate.
(3) Power Demand Forecast by Hydropower Development Strategy Study (HDSS)
The EDL's demand forecast (1999) was reviewed under Hydropower Development Strategy Study.
The study team for PSSS pointed out that (1) the energy value of EDL's forecast referred to sales and
did not include losses between generation point to end-consumer, and (2) peak demand at the power
station did not consider load diversity. Accordingly, adjustments were made to obtain peak demand
and energy requirements ex-power station (sent-out). The adjusted demand forecast is summarized
in Table 5.1-5.
Table 5.1-5 Demand Forecast by HDSS
2000 2005 2010

Energy Demand (GWh) 776 1,310 2,008
Average growth rate (%) 11.0 8.9
Peak Demand (MW) 160 262 379
Average growth rate (%) 10.4 7.7
(Source: Draft Final Report for Hydropower Development Strategy for Lao PDR, January 2000)
Indication (1) and (2) above of the HDSS seem to be appropriate. This forecast was examined a year
before that of PSSS on the basis of EDL’s forecast. The forecast was updated by PSSS.
5.2 Methodology of Team's Demand Forecast
Electricity demand forecast was made by year and by district until 2020. Both annual energy
consumption in GWh and peak demand in MW were forecasted. The forecast for energy power
demand will provide a basic condition for transmission expansion planning.
Energy demand by each district was forecasted by four categories, residential, industrial, commercial
& service and agriculture. Energy demand forecast by district was obtained by summing up energy
demands of these four categories plus other specific energy consumption.
V-3
Part I Master Plan
Residential energy demand was forecasted based on the electrification plan for household. The
general electrification policy of the country in the Socio-Economic Development Strategy published
by the Government of LAO PDR in March 2001 stipulates a rate of electrification of 90% of all
households by the year 2020, which is the basis for electrification plan.
Energy demand forecasts in industry sector and commercial & service sector were prepared
considering the relation between growths of GDP and energy consumption in the respective sector.
Energy demand for agriculture sector is considered separately.
Any specific development project planned to be implemented by the Government of LAO PDR,
provincial government or private sector allover the country was considered in the energy demand
forecast as an additional energy demand.
5.3 Socio-Economy and Demography
As a social data required for Power Demand Forecast, the following information and data have been
collected by the study team during the first and second site investigation period:
(1) Population Census 1995 for all villages (in the form of computer file)
(2) Result from the Population Census 1995, April 1997 - State Planning Committee
(3) The Households of Lao PDR - Lao Expenditure and Consumption Survey (LECS) 1997/98,
December 1999 - State Planning Committee
(4) Basic Statistics of the Lao PDR 1997 - 2000, State Planning Committee
Gross Domestic Products of Lao PDR for the period of 1991 to 1999 is shown on Table 5.3-1 and
shares by each sector to the total GDP is shown in Table 5.3-2 below.
Table 5.3‐1 Gross Domestic Products by Sector at Constant Price 1990

(Unit: Mill Kip)
Ave. Growth
Sector 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 Rate (%)
1991- 1995-
2000 2000
Agriculture 371,836 365,347 395,537 406,233 439,980 453,684 466,205 498,683 514,071 556,199 600,695 5.7 5.8
Growth rate (%) - -1.7 8.3 2.7 8.3 3.1 2.8 7.0 3.1 8.2 8.0 - -
Industry 88,105 105,634 113,587 125,258 138,634 156,329 183,997 198,848 217,079 234,161 252,894 10.2 10.1
Growth rate (%) - 19.9 7.5 10.3 10.7 12.8 17.7 8.1 9.2 7.9 8.0 - -
Services 147,376 156,993 163,038 175,632 185,378 204,486 221,615 238,296 251,505 268,890 287,712 7.0 7.1
Growth rate (%) - 6.5 3.9 7.7 5.5 10.3 8.4 7.5 5.5 6.9 7.0 - -
Import duties 5,364 9,186 9,635 14,718 16,668 20,832 21,439 19,183 10,504 6,567 n.a - -
Growth rate (%) - 71.3 4.9 52.8 13.2 25.0 2.9 -10.5 -45.2 -37.5 n.a - -
Total 612,681 637,160 681,797 721,841 780,660 835,331 893,256 955,010 993,159 1,065,817 1,140,424 6.7 6.4
Growth rate (%) - 4.0 7.0 5.9 8.1 7.0 6.9 6.9 4.0 7.3 7.0 - -
(Note: GDP in the year 2000 was estimated by the study team.)
V-4
Table 5.3-2 Shares of GDP by Sector (Unit: %)
Sector 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Agriculture 61 57 58 56 56 54 52 52 52 52 53
Industry 14 17 17 17 18 19 21 21 22 22 22
Services 24 25 24 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 25
Import duties 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 0
Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
As shown in the table, total GDP has increased with average growth rate of 6.7% during the period of
1991 to 2000, while GDP industry sector has increased with 10.2% growth rate and GDP service
sector with 7.0% growth rate during the same period. GDP of both industry and service sectors have
increased with higher growth rate than that of total GDP. The share of agriculture to the total GDP
has been decreased from 61% in 1990 to 52 % in 1999, while the share of industry sector has
increased from 14% in 1990 to 22% in 1999 and the share of service sector has been almost constant
at 25%.
Statistics of population and households of whole country is the basis for power demand forecast for
domestic energy consumption by households. Result from the Population Census 1995 in the above
item (2) summarizes the population census for each province level. This carries distribution of
population and households by urban and rural areas for each province. The summary of the result of
population census 1995 is shown in Table 5.3-3. Furthermore, the team has got the result of
Population Census 1995 from National Statistical Center in the form of computer file, which includes
name of villages, population and number of households of each village. The study team has analyzed
all the data of village-wise populations to obtain number of villages, number of households and
population by each district as shown in Table 5.3-4.
Table 5.3-3 Summary of Population Census 1995

Ave. Nos. of person
Population Number of Household
Nos. of Nos. of per Household
Province
District Village Urban Growth
Total Urban Rural Total Urban (%) Rural (%) Total Urban Rural
(%) (%)
01 Vientiane Mun. 9 486 524,107 330,798 63.1 193,309 3.3 90,133 56,704 62.9 33,429 37.1 5.81 5.83 5.78
02 Phongsaly 7 663 152,848 8,658 5.7 144,190 2.3 25,168 1,684 6.7 23,484 93.3 6.11 5.14 6.14
03 Luang Namtha 5 487 114,741 19,621 17.1 95,120 2.3 20,513 3,236 15.8 17,277 84.2 5.63 6.06 5.51
04 Oudomxai 7 804 210,207 31,678 15.1 178,529 2.7 33,236 5,203 15.7 28,033 84.3 6.35 6.09 6.37
05 Bokeo 5 397 113,612 5,870 5.2 107,742 2.0 19,687 1,113 5.7 18,574 94.3 5.81 5.27 5.80
06 Luang Prabang 11 1,214 364,840 39,675 10.9 325,165 2.5 59,520 6,654 11.2 52,866 88.8 6.16 5.96 6.15
07 Huaphanh 6 925 244,651 14,404 5.9 230,247 2.4 36,009 2,264 6.3 33,745 93.7 6.81 6.36 6.82
08 Xayabury 9 676 292,108 21,454 7.3 270,654 2.2 -2.5 49,414 4,069 8.2 45,345 91.8 5.96 5.27 5.97
09 Xiengkhuang 7 505 200,619 14,103 7.0 186,516 2.7 29,572 2,482 8.4 27,090 91.6 6.85 5.68 6.89
10 Vientiane 7 498 286,564 50,065 17.5 236,499 2.2 47,433 8,632 18.2 38,801 81.8 6.04 5.80 6.10
11 Borikhamxay 6 462 163,589 10,218 6.2 153,371 2.3 26,654 1,822 6.8 24,832 93.2 6.19 5.61 6.18
12 Khammuane 9 874 272,815 36,957 13.5 235,858 2.7 49,634 6,702 13.5 42,932 86.5 5.55 5.51 5.49
13 Savannakhet 13 1,576 671,758 100,278 14.9 571,480 3.0 106,846 16,438 15.4 90,408 84.6 6.33 6.10 6.32
14 Saravane 8 731 256,231 16,073 6.3 240,158 2.8 42,378 2,931 6.9 39,447 93.1 6.09 5.48 6.09
15 Sekong 4 278 64,170 9,968 15.5 54,202 2.2 9,533 1,645 17.3 7,888 82.7 6.76 6.06 6.87
16 Champasack 10 896 501,387 63,463 12.7 437,924 3.0 84,817 10,866 12.8 73,951 87.2 5.97 5.84 5.92
17 Attapeu 5 188 87,229 4,559 5.2 82,670 2.5 15,103 791 5.2 14,312 94.8 5.80 5.76 5.78
18 Xaysomboon 5 137 54,068 4,607 8.5 49,461 2.3 8,298 711 8.6 7,587 91.4 6.54 6.48 6.52
Total 133 11,797 4,575,544 782,449 3,793,095 2.6 753,948 133,947 17.8 620,001 82.2 6.11 5.84 6.12
(Source: The Result of Population Census 1995, National Statistical Center)
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Part I Master Plan
The population projection made by the State Planning Committee is appeared in the same report. The
State Planning Committee has made population projection for whole country in the two alternative
ways based on the different population growth rates as shown in Table 5.3-5 and Table 5.3-6.
Table 5.3-5 Population Projection (Whole country) Table 5.3-6 Population Growth Rate
Year Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Period Alternative 1 Alternative 2
1995 4,600,000 4,600,000 1995-2000 2.5 % 2.4 %
2000 5,200,000 5,100,000 2000-2005 2.5 % 2.3 %
2005 5,900,000 5,800,000 2005-2010 2.5 % 2.1 %
2010 6,800,000 6,400,000 2010-2015 2.5 % 1.9 %
2015 7,700,000 7,100,000 2015-2020 2.5 % 1.7 %
2020 8,700,000 7,700,000
The report stated that the population projection Alternative 2 should be more likely.
The report of the Households of LAO PDR of the above item (4) summarized the Second Lao
Expenditure and Consumption Survey (LECS-2), which published number of households and persons
per household, and also includes distribution of households by urban area, rural area with access to
road and rural area without access to road.
The administrative map of Lao PDR is shown in Figure 5.3-1, on which all provinces and districts are
appeared with their code number for easy reference.
5.4 Electricity Demand Forecast by the Team
5.4.1 Demographic Analysis
(1) Population Forecast
Population growth rate of Lao PDR was estimated at 2.6 % for whole country from the Population
Census 1995, which is assumed to incline during the study period (by 2020) according to the
population projection Alternative Two as stated in the report of The Households of LAO PDR. In
forecasting population by district level in this study, population growth rate of each province in the
year 1995 published in the report of the Result from the Population Census 1995 is assumed to go
down with the same pace of that of whole country. The estimated population growth rate of each
province was applied to all districts of the respective province to make population forecast for each
district. The result of population forecast by district level for the period of 2000 - 2020 is shown in
Table 5.4-1.
(2) Number of Households
Number of households of each district is estimated for the period of 2000 to 2020 in the following
V-6
procedures:
(a) Average number of person per household is calculated for each district based on the
population and households data from the population census 1995. It is assumed that the
average numbers of person per household will remain constant during the study period for
each district.
(c) Number of households for each district is calculated from the estimated population of the
district and the average number of person per household obtained as above for the study
period.
(c) The estimated number of households of each district is divided into both urban and rural
areas for the study period, using the same ratio of households in urban and rural area of the
province in the year 1995.
(d) Furthermore, number of household in rural area is divided into further two categories, i.e.
rural with access to road and rural without access to road. The report of Lao Expenditure
and Consumption Survey 1997/98 (LECS 2) carries number of households in these two
categories for each province level only. The same ratio of numbers of households in rural
with access to road and rural without access to road of the province is applied for obtaining
numbers of households of these two categories of district.
Thus, numbers of households in three categories, i.e. urban, rural with access to road and rural without
access to road were estimated for each district throughout the period of 2000 to 2020.
Number of villages of each district reported in the result of population census 1995 was assumed to
remain unchanged for the study period.
Total number of households of each district as well as urban area and rural area are tabulated in Tables
5.4-2, 5.4-3 and 5.4-4 respectively.
5.4.2 Forecast of Residential Demand
(1) Number of Household to be Electrified
As of the year 1999, an electrification ratio against total number of household in the country was 34 %.
The Government of Lao PDR stipulated the development strategy in electricity sector in his
Socio-Economic Development Strategy published in March 2001 that a rate of electrification of 90 %
will be achieved by the year 2020 so that 90% of all households in the country would be supplied on a
continuous basis from the national grid or at least from regional or municipal grids, or independent
electricity sources.
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Part I Master Plan
In accordance with the development policy in electricity sector, numbers of household which shall be
electrified to achieve the above target were estimated by each province and broken down to the district
level for the study period. Table 5.4-5 shows the estimated numbers of household to be electrified by
district level, in which numbers of household to be electrified in the year 2010 were obtained from the
MIH/EDL's electrification development program and for the year 2020 estimated by the Team. The
summary of electrification ratio estimated is shown below:
Table 5.4-6 Electrification Ratio for Whole Country
Year Villages Household

1999 19% 34%
2010 43% 55%
2020 80% 90%
(2) Average Energy Consumption per Household
Average energy consumption per household to be electrified has been discussed in the previous studies,
i.e. Power Sector Strategy Study by ADB (Final draft report in March 2001) and Northern Area Rural
Power Distribution Project by ADB (Final report in March 2001).
The details of average energy consumption per household described in the above studies are
mentioned below:
(a) Power Sector Strategy Study

For households already electrified, average annual increase of energy consumption is
assumed at 6%. Average energy consumption of new electrified household of each region
is estimated as follows:
Table 5.4-7 Annual Energy Consumption (PSSS)
Urban and
Region Rural with access road Rural without access road
(kWh/year) (kWh/year)
Northern 600 75
Central 1 1,500 100
Central 2 695 100
Southern 720 75
Annual increase 3% 3%
(b) Northern Area Rural Power Distribution Project

Average energy consumption per household were estimated based on the average number of
appliances owned by household and their daily use patterns. Households were classified
into three income levels and villages were also classified by their location and economic
status. The estimated average consumption per household is shown below:
V-8
Table 5.4-8 Average Energy Consumption per Household

Village Type Year 2000 Year 2015
District Center 908 1,818
On-Road 710 1,352
Remote 611 1,115
From the actual energy sales record in the year 1999, the average annual energy consumption per
household was worked out as follows:
Table 5.4-9 Average Energy Consumption per Household (Actual in 1999)

Average energy consumption
Region per household
(kWh/year)
Whole Country 1,359
Vientiane Municipality 1,977
Luang Prabang 931
Khammuane Prov. 694
Savannakhet Prov. 698
Champsack Prov. 905
From the above examination on the actual energy consumption per household in the year 1999 and the
discussion in the previous studies, the average energy consumption per household proposed in the
Power Sector Strategy Study are considered more likely reasonable to be applied to the power demand
forecast in this study. The study team assumed the average energy consumption of new electrified
household connection for the power demand forecast based on the result of Power Sector Strategy
Study with some modifications as follows:
Table 5.4-10 Average Energy Consumption per Household in the Year 2000
(Applied to Demand Forecast)
Urban and Rural Rural
Region with access road without access road
Northern 600 75
Central 1 (except Vientiane Mu.) 900 100
Vientiane Municipality 1,500 100
Central 2 695 100
Southern 720 75
Annual increase 3% 3%
Note: Ave. energy consumption per household is assumed to increase with at 3% growth rate per annum.
As for the already electrified household in the year 1999, the residential energy consumption was
assumed to increase at an annual growth rate of 5 % as discussed in the study on “Northern Area Rural
Power Distribution Project”.
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Part I Master Plan
(3) Residential Demand Forecast
Based on the number of household to be electrified of each district and the average annual energy
consumption per household as discussed above, residential energy demand forecast was made for each
district. Electrification of household is assumed to be implemented on households in the district center
first, and continued to households in urban area, households in rural with access to road and finally
households in rural without access to road. The result of residential demand forecast for each district
is referred to Appendix 5.4.
5.4.3 Demand Forecast for Industry and Commercial & Service Sector
(1) Relation between GDP and Non-Residential Demand
In general, the energy consumption is closely related to the economic activities, especially for industry
and commercial energy consumption. In forecasting the energy demand of industrial, agriculture and
commercial sectors, the growth of GDP is considered to be an important parameter in estimating
future energy consumption.
The EDL's statistics for energy consumption for non-residential demand expressed in seven categories
were re-arranged for four categories, i.e. industry, agriculture, commercial & service and residential,
which is the same with GDP categories to compare with the GDP. Historical trend of growth rates of
GDP and energy consumption in total, industry and commercial sectors is shown on Figures 5.4-1,
5.4-2 and 5.4-3 respectively.
50.0
Growth Rate (%)
40.0 Energy Consumption (Non-Residential Total)
Energy Consupmtion(Non-Residential Vientiane)

GDP (Total)
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
-10.0
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Year
Figure 5.4-1 Relation between Growth Rates of GDP and Energy Consumption
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Growth Rate (%)

50.0
Energy Consumption (Whole country)
40.0 GDP (Whole country)
Energy consumption(Vientiane Mun.)
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
-10.0
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Year
Figure 5.4-2 Relation between Growth Rates of GDP and Energy Consumption (Industry Sector)
Growth Rate (%)
50.0
40.0 GDP (Whole country)

Enrgy Consumption(Whole country)
Energy Consumption (Vientiane Mun.)
30.0
20.0
10.0
0.0
-10.0
1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Year
Figure 5.4-3 Relation between Growth Rates of GDP and Energy Consumption (Service Sector)
As seen in these figures, energy consumption in industrial sector of whole country and Vientiane
Municipality have increased generally with bigger growth rates than that of GDP industrial sector,
while the energy consumption in commercial & service sector have increased with similar growth
rates with that of GDP commercial sector.
The relation factor between growths of energy consumption and GDP were calculated from the past
records of GDP and energy consumption as shown in Table 5.4-11.
From the above consideration on the relation between growth rates of GDP and energy consumptions
by sector, it was decided that energy demand forecast of non-residential demand would be prepared
for industry, agriculture and commercial & service sectors separately. Energy demand forecast in
agriculture sector will be discussed in the later section.
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Part I Master Plan
Table 5.4-11 Relation of Growth Rates in GDP and Energy Consumptions
Average Growth Rates

Period Relation Factor
1991 to 2000 1995 to 2000
against GDP
(%) (%)
1. Growth of GDP
(a) Total 6.7 6.4 -
(b) Industry 10.2 10.1 -
(c) Commercial & services 7.0 7.1 -
2. Growth of Energy Consumption for whole country
(a) Total 12.0 13.5 1.79 ~ 2.11
(b) Industry 23.6 15.9 1.57 ~ 2.31
(c) Commercial & services 6.3 10.5 0.9 ~ 1.4
3. Growth of Energy Consumption for Vientiane Municipality
(a) Total 7.5 8.0 1.12 ~ 1.25
(b) Industry 19.7 11.5 1.14 ~ 1.93
(c) Commercial & services 3.1 6.2 0.44 ~ 0.88
Energy demand forecasts in industrial sector and commercial & service sector were made in the
following manner:
(1) The relation factor (elasticity factor) of growth of energy consumption to the growth of GDP are
assumed for whole country and Vientiane Municipality separately, taking the above calculation
shown in Table 5.4-11 into account
Table 5.4-12 Relation Factor (Elasticity)
Whole Country Vientiane Municipality

For Industry Sector 1.5 1.0
For Commercial & Service sector 1.2 0.9
(2) Growth of GDP was estimated for the period of 2000 to 2020 based on the Socio-Economic
Development Strategy of the Government as shown below:
Table 5.4-13 Estimated Growth Rates of GDP
2000 to 2005 2005 to 2010 2010 to 2020

GDP Total 6.5 6.0 5.0
GDP Industry sector 8.5 8.0 6.5
GDP Service sector 7.0 6.5 5.5
(3) Accordingly, the growth rates of energy consumption for industry sector and commercial &
service sector are estimated as shown below:
V - 12
Table 5.4-14 Estimated Growth Rates of Energy Consumptions (unit: %)
2000 to 2005 2005 to 2010 2010 to 2020

Whole Country
(1) Industry Sector 12.75 12.00 9.75
(2) Commercial & Service Sector 8.40 7.80 6.60
(1) Industry Sector 8.50 8.00 6.50
(2) Commercial & Service Sector 6.30 5.90 5.00
As discussed above, energy consumptions in industry sector and commercial & service sector which
have been connected to EDL's power supply system as of the year 1999 were estimated to increase
with the growth rates mentioned in the above table during the study period.
(2) Non-Residential Energy Consumption per Village
For forecasting non-residential energy consumption of villages which will be connected to EDL's
network or to be electrified by the provincial grid in the study period, non-residential energy
consumption was assumed for each type of village based on numbers of commercial and industrial
electrical uses, referring to the power demand forecast described in the report for Northern Area Rural
Power Distribution Project by ADB (Clause 2, Power Market Forecast).
In the above report, villages are classified into four categories, i.e. district center, near district, on-road
and remote, and the commercial and industrial loads were estimated based on the assumed commercial
and industrial facilities for each type of village taking into account the nature and characteristics of
each village. The result of assumed commercial and industrial loads are shown in Table5.4-15.
Table 5.4-15 Principal Non-Residential Power Demand
Parameters district center near district center on-road Remote

Commercial Loads (kW per village)
Government 10.0 - - -
Hospital 15.0 - - -
Clinic - 2.0 2.0 -
Telecommunications 5.0 - - -
Senior School 3.0 - - -
Junior School 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.0
Market 6.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Hotels 50.0 - - -
Piped water 10.0 - - -
Community water - 1.5 1.5 1.5
Annual growth rate 3.0 % 3.0 % 3.0 % 3.0 %
Load factor 0.75 0.70 0.60 0.60
Industrial Loads (kW per village)
Saw Mill, Garments, etc. 20.0 - - -
Other industrial 50.0 5.0 3.0 1.0
Annual growth rate 3.0 % 3.0 % 3.0 % 3.0 %
Industrial Load factor 0.35 0.35 0.35 0.35
Total Energy (MWh) 878.2 61.3 48.6 26.7
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Part I Master Plan
The estimated non-residential energy consumption for each type of village as shown in the above table
was applied to villages which will be newly electrified by the EDL's power supply system or
provincial government during the study period.
5.4.4 Demand Forecast for Agriculture Sector
National Irrigation Pump Management Project (NIPMP) was implemented during the period of 1995
to 2000 by the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, in which 5,840 nos. of engine driven pump and
1,447 nos. of electric driven pumps were installed allover the country. The detail of electric driven
pumps installed under the project is shown in Table 5.4-16. Energy consumption by the electric
driven pumps installed under the project was already included in the actual energy consumption
recorded up to the year 2000.
According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, the same numbers of both engine driven pump
and electric driven pump as installed under NIPMP are expected to be installed during the period of
2000 to 2020. Therefore, the Team assumed in this study that the same number of electric driven
pumps as shown in Table 5.4-16 will be installed during the period of 2005 to 2020, of which the
energy consumption should be added to the demand forecast.
Table 5.4-16 Detail of Engine Driven Pumps installed under NIPMP
Electric Driven Pumps (kW) Total Energy Demand

Code Province
1 11 37 45 55 75 90 units (kW) (kWh)
01 Vientiane Mun. 60 47 12 0 0 98 2 219 11,576 17,364,000
02 Phongsaly - - - - - - - 0 0 0
03 Luang Namtha 5 - - - - - - 5 5 7,500
04 Oudomxai - 4 10 - - - - 14 414 621,000
05 Bokeo - - - - - - - 0 0 0
06 Luang Prabang - - 2 - 4 2 - 8 224 336,000
07 Huaphanh 6 4 - - - - - 10 50 75,000
08 Xayabury 8 2 - - - 6 - 16 480 720,000
09 Xiengkhuang - - - - - - - 0 0 0
10 Vientiane 20 48 15 - - 49 - 132 4,778 7,167,000
11 Bolikhamxai 20 12 49 6 4 56 4 151 6,795 10,192,500
12 Khammuane 20 84 44 - - 98 6 252 10,462 15,693,000
13 Savannakhet 200 100 82 - - 72 10 464 10,634 15,951,000
14 Saravane - 20 10 - - 53 - 83 4,565 6,847,500
15 Sekong - - - - - - - 0 0 0
16 Champasack 28 - 10 - 0 41 2 81 3,653 5,479,500
17 Attapeu - - - - - - - 0 0 0
18 Xaysomboon - - 4 - - - - 4 148 222,000
Others 2 - 2 - 4 - - 8 76 114,000
Total 369 321 240 6 12 475 24 1,447 54,300 81,450,000
(Note: Operating hour of pumps is assumed at 1,500 hours. Source: Ministry of Agriculture-Forestry)
The energy consumption in agriculture sector which was already included in the energy sales record
up to the year 2000 was assumed to remain constant through the study period.
V - 14
5.4.5 Electricity Demand for Particular Projects
In addition to the above energy demand in industry, commercial & service, agriculture sectors, the
electricity demand required for the following particular projects which are committed and scheduled
to be implemented during the study period was considered in the demand forecast:
Table 5.4-17 Electricity Demand for Particular Projects
No. Province District Descriptions Load (MW)

1 Khammuane Thakhek Cement Factory 20
2 Khammuane Thakhek Rock Crusher 5
3 Khammuane Thakhek Gypsum & Lead Mine 5
4 Khammuane Mahaxay Plywood factory 4
5 Khammuane Xaybuathong Industrial Zone 10
6 Savannakhet Khanthabouly Industrial Zone 40
(20 MW up to 2020)
7 Savannakhet Xepon Gold Mining 35
(30MW up to 2020)
8 Champasack Pakse Free Trade Zone 10
9 Vientiane Vangvieng Cement factory 10
Total 139
(Note: Load factor is assumed at 0.35, Source: EDL)
5.4.6 System Loss
Figure 5.4-4 shows that historical trend of EDL's power supply system of whole country. The system
loss has been reduced gradually from 35% in 1994 to 24% in 1999 during the last 6 years.
50.0
45.0
System Loss (%)
40.0
35.0
30.0
25.0
System Loss
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999
Year
Figure 5.4-4 Historical Trend of System Loss
It was assumed in this study that the system loss would continue to be reduced from 24% in the year
2000 to 20% in the year 2005, and it would be further reduced gradually after the year 2005 and
finally reach to 15% in the year 2020. As the detail data for system loss for each province is not
available to the study team, the above system loss was applied to all provinces.
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Part I Master Plan
The breakdown of system loss was considered as follows:
(a) Losses in transmission lines and substations 5 % constant through the study period
(b) Losses in distribution facilities Remaining portion of total system loss

(17% to 10%)
5.4.7 Peak Power Demand
Load factors of province level obtained from the actual energy consumption and peak load recorded in
the year 1999 vary in the extent of 40% to 60%.
To obtain peak power demand from the estimated energy demand, load factor is assumed as follows:
(a) In the year 2000, load factor calculated from the actual data of energy consumption and peak
load is applied.
(b) The actual load factor in the year 2000 will come close to 60% in the year 2010.
(c) After the year 2010, load factor will remain constant at 60% till 2020.
5.4.8 Result of Electricity Demand Forecast (Base Case)
The energy and peak demand forecast for the period of 2000 to 2020 was made for each district
according to the above mentioned methodology and the result of each district was aggregated to each
province level by summing up the energy and peak demand of all districts. Further, the energy peak
demand of each province are aggregated to the whole country. The details of electricity demand
forecast for each district is shown on Appendix 5.4 and the results of whole country are shown in
Table 5.4-18. The summary of electricity demand forecast is shown on Table 5.4-19 and illustrated
in Figure 5.4-5. Energy demand forecast of all districts is shown on Table 5.4-20 and peak demand
forecast on Table 5.4-21.
Table 5.4-19 Summary of Electricity Demand Forecast (Whole Country)
Descriptions Unit 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020

1 Energy Demand (GWh) 770 1,337 2,093 3,138 4,320
2 Losses (GWh) 234 334 470 628 762
3 Total Energy Demand (GWh) 1,004 1,672 2,563 3,765 5,082
4 Peak Demand (MW) 206 331 488 716 967
5 Load Factor (%) 55.7 57.6 60 60 60
The energy and peak demand forecast made through the above discussion is referred to as the Base
Case Forecast. The optimum transmission system for the study period is to be formulated to meet
the energy and peak load demands of the Base Case Forecast.
V - 16
5.4.9 Electricity Demand Forecast in High and Low Scenarios
Following the electricity demand forecast made for the base case scenario as discussed in the
foregoing clauses, the electricity demand forecast in high and low scenarios were also studied with the
following conditions.
(a) Residential Demand
As for the residential energy consumptions which had been already connected to the EDL’s Grid
in the year 2000, the average annual growth rate of energy consumption during the study period
is assumed at 6% for high scenario and 4% for low scenario, against 5% for base case scenario.
Average energy consumption per household to be applied to newly electrified households
remain the same with that for base case scenario.
(b) Industry and Commercial Demand
Growth of GDP is estimated for high scenario 0.5 point higher than base case scenario and for
low scenario 0.5 point lower than base case as shown below:
Table 5.4-22 Estimated Growth of GDP for High and Low Scenarios
2000 to 2005 2005 to 2010 2010 to 2020

Base Case 6.5 6.0 5.0
High Scenario 7.0 6.5 5.5
Low Scenario 6.0 5.5 4.5
From the above estimated growth of GDP, growth rates of energy consumptions for industrial
and commercial sectors were estimated for both high and low scenarios as shown in Table
5.4-23 based on the elasticity as discussed in Sub-section 5.4.3 for both high and low scenarios
as shown in Table 5.4-23.
Table 5.4-23 Estimated Growth Rates of Energy Consumptions (unit: %)
Period 2000 to 2005 2005 to 2010 2010 to 2020

Scenario High Low High Low High Low
Whole Country
(1) Industry Sector 13.5 12.0 12.75 11.25 10.5 9.0
(2) Commercial & Service Sector 9.0 7.8 8.4 7.2 7.2 6.0
(1) Industry Sector 9.0 8.0 8.5 7.5 7.0 6.0
(2) Commercial & Service Sector 6.75 5.85 6.3 5.4 5.4 4.5
Non-residential energy consumption of villages which will be newly connected to EDL’s grid or
to be electrified by the provincial grid during the study period is assumed as same as those for
base case scenario.
All the assumptions other than the above three items, i.e. projection of population increase, progress of
households electrification, energy requirement for agriculture and particular development/projects, etc.
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Part I Master Plan
are considered the same with those for the Base Case Forecast.
The result of electricity demand forecasts for high and low scenarios are shown in Table 5.4-24 and
Table 5.4-25 respectively. Figures 5.4-6 and 5.4-7 show graphical comparison among three scenarios
in energy demand forecasts and peak load forecasts respectively.
Table 5.4-24 Electricity Demand Forecast (High Scenario)

2 Losses (GWh) 234 343 493 670 832
4 Peak Demand (MW) 206 340 512 765 1,055
5 Load Factor (%) 55.7 57.6 60 60 60
Table 5.4-25 Electricity Demand Forecast (Low Scenario)

2 Losses (GWh) 234 326 448 589 701
4 Peak Demand (MW) 206 322 465 672 890
5 Load Factor (%) 55.7 57.6 60 60 60
6,000 1,200
5,000
High 1,000
High
Low Low
Total Energy Demand (GWh)
Base Base
Total Peak Load (MW)
4,000 800
3,000 600
2,000 400
1,000 200
0 0
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
2016
2018
2020
Year Year
Figure 5.4-6 Energy Demand Forecast in 3 Scenarios Figure 5.4-7 Peak Load Forecast in 3 Scenarios
V - 18
5.5 Electricity Demand Forecast for EDL's Power Supply System
5.5.1 Energy and Peak Demand by Substation
All the energy and peak power demand forecasted in Sub-section 5.4.8 will be supplied by several
power supply systems, i.e. EDL's transmission network, import from neighboring countries, supplied
by IPP power stations by 22 kV feeders, supplied by generating facilities owned by provincial
government and others.
To make energy and peak power demand forecast of each substation which are scheduled to be built
during the study period, the following considerations were taken into account:
(a) Supply area covered by each substation is first considered including extension of 22 kV
distribution feeders.
(b) When a new substation is constructed near the substation under study, some loads might be
shifted to a new substation depending on the loading conditions of the substation.
(c) Villages or a part of district located close to the IPP power station will be supplied by IPP 's
22 kV feeders.
(d) Areas, which are not covered by EDL's transmission network or IPP power stations, are
considered to be supplied by the generating facilities own by provincial government.
The result of energy and peak power demand for each substation and other power supply source is
shown in Tables 5.5-1 and 5.5-2. These results include both transmission loss and distribution loss.
Peak load forecast by substation at the 22 kV bus level is shown in Table 5.5-3 in which system loss in
transmission lines and substations is excluded.
5.5.2 Energy and Peak Demand for EDL's Transmission Network
At the present EDL's power supplying system is divided into four systems, i.e. Northern region,
Central 1 region, Central 2 region and Southern region. These EDL's transmission grids will be
interconnected each other by expansion of transmission network as discussed in Chapter 6.
(a) Central 1 will connect to a part of Northern region in the year 2003.
(b) Central 1grid including Northern region will be connected to Central 2 grid by construction
of Pakxan - Thakhek - Pakbo 115 kV transmission lines in the year 2005.
(c) Southern grid will be connected to the above system by constructing Kengkok - Lakpet 115
kV transmission line in the year 2008. Thus, all transmission systems in the whole country
will be interconnected.
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Part I Master Plan
Energy and peak power demand for each transmission network is obtained through energy and peak
demand forecast of each substation. The summary of energy and peak demand forecast of each
transmission network is shown below:
Table 5.5-4 Peak Load of Each Transmission Network

(Unit: MW)
Power System 2000 2004 2005 2007 2008 2010 2015 2020
1 Central 1 + Northern Region 120 170 - - - - - -
2 Central 2, Kammuane 13 20 - - - - - -
3 Central 2, Savannakhet 15 23 - - - - - -
4 Southern Region 18 50 32 38 - - - -
5 Northern + Central 1 & 2 - - 246 292 - - - -
6 EDL's National Grid - - - - 372 436 669 910
Table 5.5-5 Energy Demand of Each Transmission Network

(Unit: GWh)
Power System 2000 2004 2005 2007 2008 2010 2015 2020
1 Central 1 + Northern Region 600 861 - - - - - -
2 Central 2, Kammuane 70 103 - - - - - -
3 Central 2, Savannakhet 71 117 - - - - - -
4 Southern Region 86 146 159 193 - - - -
5 Northern + Central 1 & 2 - - 1,255 1,505 - - - -
6 EDL's National Grid - - - - 1,935 2,292 3,518 4,781
5.6 Demand - Supply Balance
At the present the existing major power stations of EDL, i.e. Nam Ngum 1 and Nam Leuk, are located
in the Central 1 region for delivery energy for domestic consumption with export of the surplus energy
to Thailand, while Central 2 is importing electricity mainly from Thailand at Thakhek and Pakbo.
Southern region has two power stations at Xeset 1 and Selaban for supplying to domestic consumers
and exporting to/importing from Thailand.
Based on the power station development program prepared by EDL as discussed in Chapter 3, power
supply capacities in peak load and energy production of EDL's power stations are tabulated for the
years 2000 to 2020 as shown in Table 5.6-1. Peak demand - supply balance of transmission networks
at each development stage are illustrated for Central 1 & 2 in Figure 5.6-1, for Southern region in
Figure 5.6-2, and for EDL's national grid for the year 2008 onward in Figure 5.6-3.
In the year 2005 when Central 1 and Central 2 is interconnected, total installed capacity of
interconnected transmission network is exactly the same with the assumed peak load of the network in
2005. To secure stable and reliable power supply of the transmission system even under the
emergency condition, it is recommended to import electricity from Thailand at Thakhek and Pakbo
through cross-border interconnected line during peak load time.
V - 20
In the year 2006, the completion of Nam Ngum 5 and Nam Beng power stations will realize
remarkable increase in the supply capacity of the interconnected network to meet the demand with
safety reserved margin.
After the year 2008 when all transmission networks of the country are interconnected to form a
unified national grid, supply capacities in both peak load and energy demand of the grid will continue
to increase with the completion of various power plants as scheduled in the generation development
program of EDL, which are quite sufficient to meet the growing demand till the year 2020.
Peak Demand & Installed Capacity (MW)
500
Nam Ngum 5 (100 MW)

NamBeng (45 MW)
400
Nam Ngum 1 (150 MW)
Nam Mang 3 (35 MW)

Nam Leuk (60 MW)
300
200
Central 1 + Northern region and Central 2

To be interconnected in 2005
100
Installed Capacity
Central 1 + Northern region
Peak Load
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
Figure 5.6-1 Demand - Supply Balance of Central 1 & 2 plus Northern Region
200
Installed Capacity
Peak Load
Xeset 2 (76 MW)
Xeset 1 (45 MW)
Selaban (6 MW)
100
0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Year
Figure 5.6-2 Demand - Supply Balance of Southern Region
V - 21
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
200
400
600
800
2007
Nam Theun 2 (75 MW) BOT
Thakho (36 MW)
Xeset 3 (20 MW)
Part I Master Plan
2008
2009
Hongsa Lignite (40 MW) BOT
Huay Lamphan Gunai (65 MW)
2010
2011
Xepon (75 MW)
Nam Ngum 4B (54 MW)
2012
2013
V - 22
Nam Pot (23 MW)
2014
2015
Nam Kong (34 MW)

Nam Bak 2B (116 MW)
2016
2017
Figure 5.6-3 Demand - Supply Balance of EDL's National Grid
Nam Ngum 4A (54 MW)

2018
Peak Load
Installed Capacity
2019
Xesou (59 MW)

Nam Xan 2 (60 MW)
Year
2020
Table 5.1-1 EDL's Electricty Demand Forecast
Whole Country Central 1 Central 2 Northern Region Southern Region
Peak Load Energy consumption Load Peak Load Energy consumption Load Peak Load Energy consumption Load Peak Load Energy consumption Load Peak Load Energy consumption Load
Fiscal Increase Increase Factor [MW] Increase [GWh] Increase Factor [MW] Increase [GWh] Increase Factor [MW] Increase [GWh] Increase Factor [MW] Increase [GWh] Increase Factor
Year [MW] [%] [GWh] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%] [%]
1992 64.38 Actual 252.74 Actual 51.43 Actual 204.61 Actual 8.66 Actual 33.08 Actual 0.00 Actual 0.00 Actual 4.30 Actual 15.06 Actual
1993 65.99 2.50 256.92 1.66 44.44 50.51 -1.79 200.90 -1.81 45.41 10.40 20.09 38.19 15.46 41.92 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 5.09 18.42 17.83 18.42 40.00
1994 73.45 11.30 279.44 8.77 43.43 55.69 10.27 213.21 6.13 43.70 11.70 12.50 45.00 17.84 43.91 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 6.06 19.07 21.23 19.07 40.00
1995 84.98 15.70 337.47 20.77 45.33 63.96 14.84 258.93 21.44 46.22 13.80 17.95 53.22 18.26 44.02 0.00 #DIV/0! 0.00 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 7.23 19.27 25.32 19.27 40.00
1996 95.36 12.21 379.88 12.57 45.48 70.56 10.32 287.80 11.15 46.56 16.90 22.46 61.68 15.89 41.66 0.40 #DIV/0! 0.99 #DIV/0! 28.18 7.50 3.80 29.42 16.19 44.78
1997 109.00 14.30 434.13 14.28 45.47 77.01 9.14 323.13 12.28 47.90 20.68 22.37 72.13 16.95 39.82 1.00 150.00 2.81 184.73 32.10 10.31 37.47 36.06 22.58 39.93
1998 126.16 15.74 514.54 18.52 46.56 90.14 17.05 375.42 16.18 47.54 21.23 2.65 87.07 20.72 46.82 1.15 15.00 4.37 55.24 43.33 13.64 32.30 47.69 32.24 39.91
1999 147.43 16.86 567.05 10.20 43.91 102.69 13.92 402.11 7.11 44.70 25.54 20.31 102.18 17.35 45.67 2.66 131.20 5.50 26.00 23.61 16.54 21.24 57.25 20.06 39.52
2000 172.09 16.73 648.63 14.39 43.03 119.87 16.73 461.99 14.89 44.00 29.42 15.19 114.17 11.73 44.30 4.20 57.97 7.05 28.16 19.16 18.60 12.44 65.42 14.27 40.16
Average Growth
1995-2000 15.26 15.12 13.67 13.84 16.82 16.82 #DIV/0! #DIV/0! 21.09 20.77
Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast Forecast
2001 193.28 12.32 731.11 12.72 43.18 133.79 11.61 511.34 10.68 43.63 33.24 13.00 129.01 13.00 44.30 5.03 19.86 15.85 124.91 35.95 21.21 14.08 74.91 14.51 40.31
2002 217.54 12.55 829.07 13.40 43.51 148.04 10.65 570.70 11.61 44.01 37.23 12.00 144.49 12.00 44.30 6.04 20.00 19.63 23.81 37.09 26.23 23.65 94.25 25.82 41.02
2003 259.11 19.11 990.17 19.43 43.62 165.64 11.89 636.98 11.62 43.90 54.52 46.43 213.70 47.90 44.74 7.25 20.00 24.31 23.84 38.28 31.70 20.85 115.17 22.20 41.48
2004 290.58 12.15 1,120.96 13.21 44.04 180.11 8.74 698.89 9.72 44.29 64.63 18.54 254.43 19.06 44.94 8.70 20.00 30.00 23.42 39.37 37.14 17.17 137.65 19.51 42.31
2005 321.39 10.60 1,257.39 12.17 44.66 193.66 7.52 764.28 9.36 45.05 74.57 15.39 294.26 15.65 45.04 10.44 20.00 36.89 22.98 40.35 42.72 15.02 161.95 17.66 43.28
2006 353.11 9.87 1,395.27 10.97 45.11 207.92 7.36 829.16 8.49 45.52 84.30 13.04 333.71 13.41 45.19 12.53 20.00 45.09 22.22 41.09 48.37 13.23 187.30 15.65 44.20
2007 377.02 6.77 1,517.32 8.75 45.94 220.73 6.16 895.93 8.05 46.34 89.21 5.83 361.81 8.42 46.30 15.03 20.00 54.76 21.45 41.59 52.05 7.61 204.82 9.35 44.92
2008 401.17 6.41 1,646.50 8.51 46.85 233.74 5.90 966.48 7.87 47.20 93.43 4.73 390.76 8.00 47.74 18.04 20.00 66.08 20.66 41.82 55.96 7.51 223.19 8.97 45.53
2009 433.03 7.94 1,806.20 9.70 47.62 251.97 7.80 1,052.01 8.85 47.66 97.29 4.13 422.02 8.00 49.52 21.65 20.00 79.51 20.33 41.94 62.13 11.02 252.66 13.20 46.43
2010 464.16 7.19 1,963.30 8.70 48.29 269.56 6.98 1,134.30 7.82 48.04 101.38 4.20 455.78 8.00 51.32 25.97 20.00 95.42 20.00 41.94 67.25 8.25 277.80 9.95 47.16
2011 491.23 5.83 2,105.30 7.23 48.92 284.87 5.68 1,210.60 6.73 48.51 105.75 4.32 487.68 7.00 52.64 28.57 10.00 104.96 10.00 41.94 72.04 7.13 302.06 8.73 47.86
2012 520.04 5.86 2,258.12 7.26 49.57 301.11 5.70 1,292.20 6.74 48.99 110.32 4.32 521.82 7.00 54.00 31.43 10.00 115.45 10.00 41.94 77.18 7.14 328.65 8.80 48.61
2013 549.96 5.75 2,417.42 7.05 50.18 318.20 5.67 1,378.52 6.68 49.45 115.08 4.32 558.35 7.00 55.38 34.25 8.96 125.75 8.92 41.92 82.43 6.80 354.80 7.96 49.14
2014 580.65 5.58 2,582.18 6.82 50.77 335.57 5.46 1,469.73 6.62 50.00 120.06 4.32 593.54 6.30 56.44 36.99 8.00 135.81 8.00 41.92 88.04 6.80 383.10 7.98 49.68
2015 612.20 5.43 2,754.61 6.68 51.36 353.61 5.38 1,566.50 6.58 50.57 125.25 4.32 630.96 6.30 57.51 39.56 6.97 145.22 6.93 41.90 93.78 6.52 411.93 7.52 50.14
2016 644.49 5.27 2,928.45 6.31 51.87 372.04 5.21 1,663.57 6.20 51.04 130.67 4.33 668.82 6.00 58.43 42.33 6.98 155.29 6.94 41.88 99.46 6.06 440.77 7.00 50.59
2017 678.31 5.25 3,102.05 5.93 52.21 391.43 5.21 1,765.37 6.12 51.49 136.33 4.33 699.68 4.61 58.59 45.08 6.50 165.34 6.47 41.87 105.48 6.06 471.65 7.01 51.04
2018 713.93 5.25 3,283.95 5.86 52.51 411.83 5.21 1,873.43 6.12 51.93 142.23 4.33 732.02 4.62 58.75 48.00 6.50 176.05 6.47 41.86 111.87 6.06 502.45 6.53 51.27
2019 751.47 5.26 3,476.76 5.87 52.82 433.31 5.22 1,988.11 6.12 52.38 148.39 4.33 765.92 4.63 58.92 51.13 6.50 187.45 6.48 41.85 118.64 6.06 535.28 6.53 51.50
2020 791.02 5.26 3,681.14 5.88 53.12 455.91 5.22 2,109.84 6.12 52.83 154.82 4.34 801.44 4.64 59.09 54.45 6.50 199.60 6.48 41.85 125.83 6.06 570.27 6.54 51.73
Average Growth
2001-2005 13.35 14.19 10.08 10.60 21.07 21.52 19.97 43.79 18.15 19.94
2006-2010 7.64 9.32 6.84 8.22 6.39 9.17 20.00 20.93 9.52 11.43
2011-2015 5.69 7.01 5.58 6.67 4.32 6.72 8.79 8.77 6.88 8.20
2016-2020 5.26 5.97 5.21 6.14 4.33 4.90 6.60 6.57 6.06 6.72
(Source : EDL)
Table 5.3-4 District-wise Population and Households
Province Code District Villages Household Population Province Code District Villages Household Population Province Code District Villages Household Population
01 Vientiane Mun. Sub-total 486 90,133 524,107 07 Huaphanh Sub-total 925 36,009 244,651 13 Savannakhet Sub-total 1,576 106,846 671,758
0101 Chanthabuly 37 10,203 58,855 0701 Xamneua 156 6,759 45,836 1301 Khanthabouly 137 20,185 124,896
0102 Sikhottabong 59 12,612 74,251 0702 Xieng khor 245 10,933 74,841 1302 Outhoomphone 108 10,787 69,025
0103 Xaysetha 51 12,562 75,255 0703 Viengthong 86 3,139 20,352 1303 Atsaphongthong 123 7,697 48,743
0104 Sisattanak 40 9,850 58,178 0704 Viengxay 127 4,833 32,873 1304 Phine 143 5,971 40,994
0105 Naxaithong 55 7,600 44,104 0705 Huameuang 94 3,448 23,665 1305 Sepone 161 6,399 35,731
0106 Xaythany 99 16,512 97,829 0706 Xamtay 217 6,897 47,084 1306 Nong 98 2,766 16,723
0107 Hadxaifong 57 11,933 64,962 0707 Sopbao - - - 1307 Thapangthong 83 3,353 24,011
0108 Sangthong 35 2,928 16,728 0708 Add - - - 1308 Songkhone 162 13,223 81,864
0109 Mayparkngum 53 5,933 33,945 08 Xayabury Sub-total 676 49,414 292,108 1309 Champhone 167 13,806 86,550
02 Phongsaly Sub-total 663 25,168 152,848 0801 Xayabury 118 9,526 60,153 1310 Xonbuly 97 5,044 34,602
0201 Phongsaly 93 4,605 25,823 0802 Khop 65 6,539 40,246 1311 Xaybuly 88 7,112 42,936
0202 May 118 3,645 23,005 0803 Hongsa 90 10,284 61,509 1312 Vilabuly 112 3,957 24,560
0203 Khua 134 4,874 28,244 0804 Ngeun 58 6,443 32,933 1313 Atsaphone 97 6,546 41,123
0204 Samphanh 93 3,884 25,101 0805 Xienghone 132 3,467 17,893 1314 Xayphoothong - - -
0205 Boon neua 67 2,399 14,083 0806 Phiang 62 3,974 24,844 1315 Thaphalanxay - - -
0206 Ngot ou 100 3,633 24,133 0807 Parklai 81 4,383 25,559 14 Saravane Sub-total 731 42,378 256,231
0207 Boontai 58 2,128 12,459 0808 Kenethao 38 2,741 16,007 1401 Saravane 163 10,233 66,096
03 Luang Namtha Sub-total 487 20,513 114,741 0809 Botene 32 2,057 12,964 1402 Ta oi 64 3,033 19,799
0301 Namtha 80 5,662 35,408 0810 Thongmyxay - - - 1403 Toomlarn 67 1,985 16,262
0302 Sing 110 4,316 22,467 09 Xiengkhuang Sub-total 505 29,572 200,619 1404 Lakhonepheng 98 5,484 30,480
0303 Long 129 4,001 21,357 0901 Pek 96 8,723 57,273 1405 Vapy 64 4,516 26,755
0304 Vienphoukha 65 2,781 14,871 0902 Kham 102 5,829 39,547 1406 Khongxedone 107 8,011 46,252
0305 Nalae 103 3,753 20,638 0903 Nonghed 115 4,632 33,354 1407 Lao ngarm 111 7,781 42,938
04 Oudomxai Sub-total 804 33,236 210,207 0904 Khoune 88 4,207 29,060 1408 Samuoi 57 1,335 7,649
0401 Xay 174 7,626 48,197 0905 Morkmay 37 1,084 7,766 15 Sekong Sub-total 278 9,533 64,170
0402 La 70 2,412 14,565 0906 Phookood 29 3,092 20,272 1501 Lamarm 40 2,659 18,237
0403 Namor 105 3,899 25,419 0907 Phaxay 38 2,005 13,347 1502 Kaleum 68 2,004 13,746
0404 Nga 101 3,770 24,198 10 Vientiane Sub-total 498 47,433 286,564 1503 Dakcheung 120 2,424 16,949
0405 Beng 99 4,236 26,902 1001 Phonhong 105 11,154 66,420 1504 Thateng 50 2,446 15,238
0406 Hoon 174 7,807 48,195 1002 Thoulakhom 73 9,558 57,199 16 Champasack Sub-total 896 84,817 501,387
0407 Pakbeng 81 3,486 22,731 1003 Keo oudom 35 3,310 19,925 1601 Pakse 54 10,484 65,220
05 Bokeo Sub-total 397 19,687 113,612 1004 Kaxy 80 4,559 29,056 1602 Sannasomboon 85 9,743 55,716
0501 Huoixai 140 7,692 44,204 1005 Vangvieng 82 7,245 44,183 1603 Bachiangchaleunsook 94 6,286 34,354
0502 Tonpheung 59 3,618 19,704 1006 Feuang 64 5,914 37,774 1604 Pakxong 105 7,549 44,518
0503 Meung 43 1,419 7,770 1007 Xanakharm 59 5,693 32,007 1605 Pathoomphone 93 7,376 43,142
0504 Pha oudom 108 4,502 26,408 1008 Mad - - - 1606 Phonthong 117 12,098 73,704
0505 Paktha 47 2,456 15,526 1009 Hinhurp - - - 1607 Champasack 92 8,179 49,242
0506 Special region - - - 1010 Viengkham - - - 1608 Sukhuma 60 6,368 38,051
06 Luang Prabang Sub-total 1,214 59,520 364,840 11 Borikhamxay Sub-total 462 26,654 163,589 1609 Moonlapamok 65 5,369 32,228
0601 Luangprabang 132 10,581 63,765 1101 Pakxanh 77 5,834 35,223 1610 Khong 131 11,365 65,212
0602 Xieng ngeun 109 5,666 34,266 1102 Thaphabath 31 3,459 19,976 17 Attapeu Sub-total 188 15,103 87,229
0603 Nan 82 4,690 28,321 1103 Pakkading 57 4,988 29,374 1701 Xaysetha 32 4,352 25,691
0604 Park ou 76 3,624 21,242 1104 Bolikhanh 38 2,421 14,970 1702 Samakkhixay 23 3,245 19,331
0605 Nam bak 161 7,554 47,082 1105 Khamkheuth 201 7,418 47,758 1703 Sanamxay 50 3,464 19,627
0606 Ngoi 163 6,366 39,772 1106 Viengthong 58 2,534 16,288 1704 Sanxay 56 2,271 12,252
0607 Pak xeng 116 4,259 25,889 12 Khammuane Sub-total 874 49,634 272,815 1705 Phouvong 27 1,771 10,328
0608 Phonxay 92 3,794 24,525 1201 Thakhek 133 12,292 68,432 18 Xaysomboon Sub-total 137 8,298 54,068
0609 Chomphet 87 4,333 24,859 1202 Mahaxay 90 4,387 22,982 1801 Sayxomboun 27 1,771 11,614
0610 Viengkham 148 6,211 38,931 1203 Nongbok 71 6,703 39,144 1802 Thathom 30 1,352 9,737
0611 Phoukhoue 48 2,442 16,188 1204 Hinboon 164 9,192 50,778 1803 Longsane 34 2,790 18,635
1205 Ngommalath 85 4,334 21,754 1804 Hom 28 1,232 7,442
1206 Bualapha 126 3,563 19,320 1805 Phun 18 1,153 6,640
1207 Nakai 85 2,899 15,635 Grand Total 11,797 753,948 4,575,544
1208 Xebangfay 49 3,555 19,862
1209 Xaybuathong 71 2,709 14,908
Table 5.4-1 Population Forecast by District
(Unit : 1,000 person)
Population Cesus 1995 Population Forecast
Code Province Code District
Villages Household Population 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
01 Vientiane Mun. Sub-total 486 90,133 524,107 592.2 610.5 628.9 647.7 667.2 687.2 707.8 727.6 748.0 768.9 790.4 812.6 833.7 855.4 877.6 900.4 923.9 946.0 968.7 992.0 1,015.8 1,040.2
0101 Chanthabuly 37 10,203 58,855 66.5 68.6 70.6 72.7 74.9 77.2 79.5 81.7 84.0 86.3 88.8 91.2 93.6 96.1 98.6 101.1 103.7 106.2 108.8 111.4 114.1 116.8
0102 Sikhottabong 59 12,612 74,251 83.9 86.5 89.1 91.8 94.5 97.4 100.3 103.1 106.0 108.9 112.0 115.1 118.1 121.2 124.3 127.6 130.9 134.0 137.2 140.5 143.9 147.4
0103 Xaysetha 51 12,562 75,255 85.0 87.7 90.3 93.0 95.8 98.7 101.6 104.5 107.4 110.4 113.5 116.7 119.7 122.8 126.0 129.3 132.7 135.8 139.1 142.4 145.9 149.4
0104 Sisattanak 40 9,850 58,178 65.7 67.8 69.8 71.9 74.1 76.3 78.6 80.8 83.0 85.4 87.7 90.2 92.5 95.0 97.4 100.0 102.6 105.0 107.5 110.1 112.8 115.5
0105 Naxaithong 55 7,600 44,104 49.8 51.4 52.9 54.5 56.1 57.8 59.6 61.2 62.9 64.7 66.5 68.4 70.2 72.0 73.9 75.8 77.7 79.6 81.5 83.5 85.5 87.5
0106 Xaythany 99 16,512 97,829 110.5 114.0 117.4 120.9 124.5 128.3 132.1 135.8 139.6 143.5 147.5 151.7 155.6 159.7 163.8 168.1 172.4 176.6 180.8 185.2 189.6 194.2
0107 Hadxaifong 57 11,933 64,962 73.4 75.7 77.9 80.3 82.7 85.2 87.7 90.2 92.7 95.3 98.0 100.7 103.3 106.0 108.8 111.6 114.5 117.3 120.1 123.0 125.9 128.9
0108 Sangthong 35 2,928 16,728 18.9 19.5 20.1 20.7 21.3 21.9 22.6 23.2 23.9 24.5 25.2 25.9 26.6 27.3 28.0 28.7 29.5 30.2 30.9 31.7 32.4 33.2
0109 Mayparkngum 53 5,933 33,945 38.4 39.5 40.7 42.0 43.2 44.5 45.8 47.1 48.4 49.8 51.2 52.6 54.0 55.4 56.8 58.3 59.8 61.3 62.7 64.2 65.8 67.4
02 Phongsaly Sub-total 663 25,168 152,848 166.1 169.6 173.0 176.4 180.0 183.6 187.2 190.6 194.0 197.5 201.1 204.7 208.0 211.3 214.7 218.1 221.6 224.7 227.9 231.1 234.3 237.6
0201 Phongsaly 93 4,605 25,823 28.1 28.7 29.2 29.8 30.4 31.0 31.6 32.2 32.8 33.4 34.0 34.6 35.1 35.7 36.3 36.9 37.4 38.0 38.5 39.0 39.6 40.1
0202 May 118 3,645 23,005 25.0 25.5 26.0 26.6 27.1 27.6 28.2 28.7 29.2 29.7 30.3 30.8 31.3 31.8 32.3 32.8 33.4 33.8 34.3 34.8 35.3 35.8
0203 Khua 134 4,874 28,244 30.7 31.3 32.0 32.6 33.3 33.9 34.6 35.2 35.9 36.5 37.2 37.8 38.4 39.0 39.7 40.3 41.0 41.5 42.1 42.7 43.3 43.9
0204 Samphanh 93 3,884 25,101 27.3 27.8 28.4 29.0 29.6 30.1 30.7 31.3 31.9 32.4 33.0 33.6 34.2 34.7 35.3 35.8 36.4 36.9 37.4 37.9 38.5 39.0
0205 Boon neua 67 2,399 14,083 15.3 15.6 15.9 16.3 16.6 16.9 17.3 17.6 17.9 18.2 18.5 18.9 19.2 19.5 19.8 20.1 20.4 20.7 21.0 21.3 21.6 21.9
0206 Ngot ou 100 3,633 24,133 26.2 26.8 27.3 27.9 28.4 29.0 29.6 30.1 30.6 31.2 31.7 32.3 32.8 33.4 33.9 34.4 35.0 35.5 36.0 36.5 37.0 37.5
0207 Boontai 58 2,128 12,459 13.5 13.8 14.1 14.4 14.7 15.0 15.3 15.5 15.8 16.1 16.4 16.7 17.0 17.2 17.5 17.8 18.1 18.3 18.6 18.8 19.1 19.4
03 Luang Namtha Sub-total 487 20,513 114,741 124.7 127.3 129.9 132.4 135.1 137.8 140.6 143.1 145.7 148.3 151.0 153.7 156.1 158.6 161.2 163.7 166.4 168.7 171.1 173.4 175.9 178.3
0301 Namtha 80 5,662 35,408 38.5 39.3 40.1 40.9 41.7 42.5 43.4 44.2 44.9 45.8 46.6 47.4 48.2 49.0 49.7 50.5 51.3 52.1 52.8 53.5 54.3 55.0
0302 Sing 110 4,316 22,467 24.4 24.9 25.4 25.9 26.5 27.0 27.5 28.0 28.5 29.0 29.6 30.1 30.6 31.1 31.6 32.1 32.6 33.0 33.5 34.0 34.4 34.9
0303 Long 129 4,001 21,357 23.2 23.7 24.2 24.7 25.1 25.6 26.2 26.6 27.1 27.6 28.1 28.6 29.1 29.5 30.0 30.5 31.0 31.4 31.8 32.3 32.7 33.2
0304 Vienphoukha 65 2,781 14,871 16.2 16.5 16.8 17.2 17.5 17.9 18.2 18.5 18.9 19.2 19.6 19.9 20.2 20.6 20.9 21.2 21.6 21.9 22.2 22.5 22.8 23.1
0305 Nalae 103 3,753 20,638 22.4 22.9 23.4 23.8 24.3 24.8 25.3 25.7 26.2 26.7 27.2 27.6 28.1 28.5 29.0 29.5 29.9 30.3 30.8 31.2 31.6 32.1
04 Oudomxai Sub-total 804 33,236 210,207 232.0 237.8 243.5 249.4 255.4 261.5 267.8 273.7 279.7 285.8 292.1 298.6 304.5 310.6 316.8 323.2 329.6 335.6 341.6 347.7 354.0 360.4
0401 Xay 174 7,626 48,197 53.2 54.5 55.8 57.2 58.6 60.0 61.4 62.7 64.1 65.5 67.0 68.5 69.8 71.2 72.6 74.1 75.6 76.9 78.3 79.7 81.2 82.6
0402 La 70 2,412 14,565 16.1 16.5 16.9 17.3 17.7 18.1 18.6 19.0 19.4 19.8 20.2 20.7 21.1 21.5 22.0 22.4 22.8 23.3 23.7 24.1 24.5 25.0
0403 Namor 105 3,899 25,419 28.1 28.8 29.4 30.2 30.9 31.6 32.4 33.1 33.8 34.6 35.3 36.1 36.8 37.6 38.3 39.1 39.9 40.6 41.3 42.1 42.8 43.6
0404 Nga 101 3,770 24,198 26.7 27.4 28.0 28.7 29.4 30.1 30.8 31.5 32.2 32.9 33.6 34.4 35.1 35.8 36.5 37.2 37.9 38.6 39.3 40.0 40.8 41.5
0405 Beng 99 4,236 26,902 29.7 30.4 31.2 31.9 32.7 33.5 34.3 35.0 35.8 36.6 37.4 38.2 39.0 39.8 40.5 41.4 42.2 42.9 43.7 44.5 45.3 46.1
0406 Hoon 174 7,807 48,195 53.2 54.5 55.8 57.2 58.5 60.0 61.4 62.7 64.1 65.5 67.0 68.5 69.8 71.2 72.6 74.1 75.6 76.9 78.3 79.7 81.2 82.6
0407 Pakbeng 81 3,486 22,731 25.1 25.7 26.3 27.0 27.6 28.3 29.0 29.6 30.2 30.9 31.6 32.3 32.9 33.6 34.3 34.9 35.6 36.3 36.9 37.6 38.3 39.0
05 Bokeo Sub-total 397 19,687 113,612 122.0 124.2 126.3 128.5 130.7 132.9 135.1 137.2 139.2 141.3 143.4 145.6 147.5 149.4 151.3 153.3 155.3 157.0 158.7 160.5 162.2 164.0
0501 Huoixai 140 7,692 44,204 47.5 48.3 49.1 50.0 50.8 51.7 52.6 53.4 54.2 55.0 55.8 56.6 57.4 58.1 58.9 59.6 60.4 61.1 61.8 62.4 63.1 63.8
0502 Tonpheung 59 3,618 19,704 21.2 21.5 21.9 22.3 22.7 23.0 23.4 23.8 24.1 24.5 24.9 25.2 25.6 25.9 26.2 26.6 26.9 27.2 27.5 27.8 28.1 28.4
0503 Meung 43 1,419 7,770 8.3 8.5 8.6 8.8 8.9 9.1 9.2 9.4 9.5 9.7 9.8 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.9 11.0 11.1 11.2
0504 Pha oudom 108 4,502 26,408 28.4 28.9 29.4 29.9 30.4 30.9 31.4 31.9 32.4 32.8 33.3 33.8 34.3 34.7 35.2 35.6 36.1 36.5 36.9 37.3 37.7 38.1
0505 Paktha 47 2,456 15,526 16.7 17.0 17.3 17.6 17.9 18.2 18.5 18.7 19.0 19.3 19.6 19.9 20.2 20.4 20.7 20.9 21.2 21.5 21.7 21.9 22.2 22.4
0506 Special region - - -
06 Luang Prabang Sub-total 1,214 59,520 364,840 399.6 408.8 417.8 427.0 436.3 445.9 455.8 464.9 474.2 483.7 493.3 503.2 512.3 521.5 530.9 540.4 550.1 558.9 567.9 577.0 586.2 595.6
0601 Luangprabang 132 10,581 63,765 69.8 71.4 73.0 74.6 76.3 77.9 79.7 81.2 82.9 84.5 86.2 87.9 89.5 91.1 92.8 94.5 96.2 97.7 99.3 100.8 102.5 104.1
0602 Xieng ngeun 109 5,666 34,266 37.5 38.4 39.2 40.1 41.0 41.9 42.8 43.7 44.5 45.4 46.3 47.3 48.1 49.0 49.9 50.8 51.7 52.5 53.3 54.2 55.1 55.9
0603 Nan 82 4,690 28,321 31.0 31.7 32.4 33.1 33.9 34.6 35.4 36.1 36.8 37.5 38.3 39.1 39.8 40.5 41.2 42.0 42.7 43.4 44.1 44.8 45.5 46.2
0604 Park ou 76 3,624 21,242 23.3 23.8 24.3 24.9 25.4 26.0 26.5 27.1 27.6 28.2 28.7 29.3 29.8 30.4 30.9 31.5 32.0 32.5 33.1 33.6 34.1 34.7
0605 Nam bak 161 7,554 47,082 51.6 52.8 53.9 55.1 56.3 57.5 58.8 60.0 61.2 62.4 63.7 64.9 66.1 67.3 68.5 69.7 71.0 72.1 73.3 74.5 75.6 76.9
0606 Ngoi 163 6,366 39,772 43.6 44.6 45.5 46.5 47.6 48.6 49.7 50.7 51.7 52.7 53.8 54.9 55.8 56.8 57.9 58.9 60.0 60.9 61.9 62.9 63.9 64.9
0607 Pak xeng 116 4,259 25,889 28.4 29.0 29.6 30.3 31.0 31.6 32.3 33.0 33.6 34.3 35.0 35.7 36.3 37.0 37.7 38.3 39.0 39.7 40.3 40.9 41.6 42.3
0608 Phonxay 92 3,794 24,525 26.9 27.5 28.1 28.7 29.3 30.0 30.6 31.2 31.9 32.5 33.2 33.8 34.4 35.1 35.7 36.3 37.0 37.6 38.2 38.8 39.4 40.0
0609 Chomphet 87 4,333 24,859 27.2 27.9 28.5 29.1 29.7 30.4 31.1 31.7 32.3 33.0 33.6 34.3 34.9 35.5 36.2 36.8 37.5 38.1 38.7 39.3 39.9 40.6
0610 Viengkham 148 6,211 38,931 42.6 43.6 44.6 45.6 46.6 47.6 48.6 49.6 50.6 51.6 52.6 53.7 54.7 55.6 56.6 57.7 58.7 59.6 60.6 61.6 62.6 63.6
0611 Phoukhoue 48 2,442 16,188 17.7 18.1 18.5 18.9 19.4 19.8 20.2 20.6 21.0 21.5 21.9 22.3 22.7 23.1 23.6 24.0 24.4 24.8 25.2 25.6 26.0 26.4
07 Huaphanh Sub-total 925 36,009 244,651 266.9 272.8 278.5 284.3 290.3 296.4 302.6 308.4 314.3 320.2 326.3 332.5 338.2 343.9 349.8 355.7 361.7 367.2 372.7 378.3 383.9 389.7
0701 Xamneua 156 6,759 45,836 50.0 51.1 52.2 53.3 54.4 55.5 56.7 57.8 58.9 60.0 61.1 62.3 63.4 64.4 65.5 66.6 67.8 68.8 69.8 70.9 71.9 73.0
0702 Xieng khor 85 3,805 26,039 28.4 29.0 29.6 30.3 30.9 31.5 32.2 32.8 33.4 34.1 34.7 35.4 36.0 36.6 37.2 37.9 38.5 39.1 39.7 40.3 40.9 41.5
0703 Viengthong 86 3,139 20,352 22.2 22.7 23.2 23.7 24.2 24.7 25.2 25.7 26.1 26.6 27.1 27.7 28.1 28.6 29.1 29.6 30.1 30.5 31.0 31.5 31.9 32.4
0704 Viengxay 127 4,833 32,873 35.9 36.7 37.4 38.2 39.0 39.8 40.7 41.4 42.2 43.0 43.8 44.7 45.4 46.2 47.0 47.8 48.6 49.3 50.1 50.8 51.6 52.4
0705 Huameuang 94 3,448 23,665 25.8 26.4 26.9 27.5 28.1 28.7 29.3 29.8 30.4 31.0 31.6 32.2 32.7 33.3 33.8 34.4 35.0 35.5 36.0 36.6 37.1 37.7
0706 Xamtay 217 6,897 47,084 51.4 52.5 53.6 54.7 55.9 57.0 58.2 59.4 60.5 61.6 62.8 64.0 65.1 66.2 67.3 68.5 69.6 70.7 71.7 72.8 73.9 75.0
0707 Sopbao 72 3,228 22,101 24.1 24.6 25.2 25.7 26.2 26.8 27.3 27.9 28.4 28.9 29.5 30.0 30.5 31.1 31.6 32.1 32.7 33.2 33.7 34.2 34.7 35.2
0708 Add 88 3,900 26,701 29.1 29.8 30.4 31.0 31.7 32.4 33.0 33.7 34.3 34.9 35.6 36.3 36.9 37.5 38.2 38.8 39.5 40.1 40.7 41.3 41.9 42.5
08 Xayabury Sub-total 676 49,414 292,108 317.4 324.1 330.6 337.2 343.9 350.8 357.8 364.3 370.8 377.5 384.3 391.2 397.5 403.8 410.3 416.9 423.5 429.5 435.5 441.6 447.7 454.0
0801 Xayabury 118 9,526 60,153 65.4 66.7 68.1 69.4 70.8 72.2 73.7 75.0 76.4 77.7 79.1 80.6 81.9 83.2 84.5 85.8 87.2 88.4 89.7 90.9 92.2 93.5
0802 Khop 65 6,539 40,246 43.7 44.7 45.5 46.5 47.4 48.3 49.3 50.2 51.1 52.0 52.9 53.9 54.8 55.6 56.5 57.4 58.4 59.2 60.0 60.8 61.7 62.6
0803 Hongsa 90 10,284 61,509 66.8 68.2 69.6 71.0 72.4 73.9 75.3 76.7 78.1 79.5 80.9 82.4 83.7 85.0 86.4 87.8 89.2 90.4 91.7 93.0 94.3 95.6
0804 Ngeun 58 6,443 32,933 35.8 36.5 37.3 38.0 38.8 39.6 40.3 41.1 41.8 42.6 43.3 44.1 44.8 45.5 46.3 47.0 47.7 48.4 49.1 49.8 50.5 51.2
0805 Xienghone 132 3,467 17,893 19.4 19.9 20.2 20.7 21.1 21.5 21.9 22.3 22.7 23.1 23.5 24.0 24.3 24.7 25.1 25.5 25.9 26.3 26.7 27.0 27.4 27.8
0806 Phiang 62 3,974 24,844 27.0 27.6 28.1 28.7 29.3 29.8 30.4 31.0 31.5 32.1 32.7 33.3 33.8 34.3 34.9 35.5 36.0 36.5 37.0 37.6 38.1 38.6
0807 Parklai 81 4,383 25,559 27.8 28.4 28.9 29.5 30.1 30.7 31.3 31.9 32.4 33.0 33.6 34.2 34.8 35.3 35.9 36.5 37.1 37.6 38.1 38.6 39.2 39.7
0808 Kenethao 38 2,741 16,007 17.4 17.8 18.1 18.5 18.8 19.2 19.6 20.0 20.3 20.7 21.1 21.4 21.8 22.1 22.5 22.8 23.2 23.5 23.9 24.2 24.5 24.9
0809 Botene 32 2,057 12,964 14.1 14.4 14.7 15.0 15.3 15.6 15.9 16.2 16.5 16.8 17.1 17.4 17.6 17.9 18.2 18.5 18.8 19.1 19.3 19.6 19.9 20.1
0810 Thongmyxay - - -
09 Xiengkhuang Sub-total 505 29,572 200,619 221.4 227.0 232.4 238.0 243.7 249.6 255.6 261.2 266.9 272.8 278.8 284.9 290.6 296.4 302.4 308.4 314.6 320.3 326.0 331.9 337.9 343.9
0901 Pek 96 8,723 57,273 63.2 64.8 66.4 67.9 69.6 71.2 73.0 74.6 76.2 77.9 79.6 81.3 83.0 84.6 86.3 88.0 89.8 91.4 93.1 94.7 96.5 98.2
0902 Kham 102 5,829 39,547 43.7 44.7 45.8 46.9 48.0 49.2 50.4 51.5 52.6 53.8 55.0 56.2 57.3 58.4 59.6 60.8 62.0 63.1 64.3 65.4 66.6 67.8
0903 Nonghed 115 4,632 33,354 36.8 37.7 38.6 39.6 40.5 41.5 42.5 43.4 44.4 45.4 46.4 47.4 48.3 49.3 50.3 51.3 52.3 53.2 54.2 55.2 56.2 57.2
0904 Khoune 88 4,207 29,060 32.1 32.9 33.7 34.5 35.3 36.2 37.0 37.8 38.7 39.5 40.4 41.3 42.1 42.9 43.8 44.7 45.6 46.4 47.2 48.1 48.9 49.8
0905 Morkmay 37 1,084 7,766 8.6 8.8 9.0 9.2 9.4 9.7 9.9 10.1 10.3 10.6 10.8 11.0 11.3 11.5 11.7 11.9 12.2 12.4 12.6 12.8 13.1 13.3
0906 Phookood 29 3,092 20,272 22.4 22.9 23.5 24.1 24.6 25.2 25.8 26.4 27.0 27.6 28.2 28.8 29.4 30.0 30.6 31.2 31.8 32.4 32.9 33.5 34.1 34.8
0907 Phaxay 38 2,005 13,347 14.7 15.1 15.5 15.8 16.2 16.6 17.0 17.4 17.8 18.1 18.5 19.0 19.3 19.7 20.1 20.5 20.9 21.3 21.7 22.1 22.5 22.9
10 Vientiane Sub-total 498 47,433 286,564 310.2 316.4 322.4 328.5 334.8 341.1 347.6 353.5 359.5 365.6 371.9 378.2 383.9 389.6 395.5 401.4 407.4 412.7 418.1 423.5 429.0 434.6
1001 Phonhong 95 9,364 56,044 60.7 61.9 63.1 64.3 65.5 66.7 68.0 69.1 70.3 71.5 72.7 74.0 75.1 76.2 77.3 78.5 79.7 80.7 81.8 82.8 83.9 85.0
1002 Thoulakhom 60 7,574 48,131 52.1 53.1 54.2 55.2 56.2 57.3 58.4 59.4 60.4 61.4 62.5 63.5 64.5 65.4 66.4 67.4 68.4 69.3 70.2 71.1 72.1 73.0
1003 Keo oudom 32 2,996 18,493 20.0 20.4 20.8 21.2 21.6 22.0 22.4 22.8 23.2 23.6 24.0 24.4 24.8 25.1 25.5 25.9 26.3 26.6 27.0 27.3 27.7 28.0
1004 Kaxy 50 3,386 21,218 23.0 23.4 23.9 24.3 24.8 25.3 25.7 26.2 26.6 27.1 27.5 28.0 28.4 28.8 29.3 29.7 30.2 30.6 31.0 31.4 31.8 32.2
1005 Vangvieng 90 7,596 49,008 53.0 54.1 55.1 56.2 57.3 58.3 59.4 60.5 61.5 62.5 63.6 64.7 65.6 66.6 67.6 68.6 69.7 70.6 71.5 72.4 73.4 74.3
1006 Feuang 44 5,632 29,837 32.3 32.9 33.6 34.2 34.9 35.5 36.2 36.8 37.4 38.1 38.7 39.4 40.0 40.6 41.2 41.8 42.4 43.0 43.5 44.1 44.7 45.2
1007 Xanakharm 57 5,581 31,819 34.4 35.1 35.8 36.5 37.2 37.9 38.6 39.3 39.9 40.6 41.3 42.0 42.6 43.3 43.9 44.6 45.2 45.8 46.4 47.0 47.6 48.3
1008 Mad 28 1,198 8,141 8.8 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.5 9.7 9.9 10.0 10.2 10.4 10.6 10.7 10.9 11.1 11.2 11.4 11.6 11.7 11.9 12.0 12.2 12.3
1009 Hinhurp 16 2,174 13,335 14.4 14.7 15.0 15.3 15.6 15.9 16.2 16.5 16.7 17.0 17.3 17.6 17.9 18.1 18.4 18.7 19.0 19.2 19.5 19.7 20.0 20.2
1010 Viengkham 25 1,932 10,538 11.4 11.6 11.9 12.1 12.3 12.5 12.8 13.0 13.2 13.4 13.7 13.9 14.1 14.3 14.5 14.8 15.0 15.2 15.4 15.6 15.8 16.0
11 Borikhamxay Sub-total 462 26,654 163,589 177.8 181.5 185.1 188.8 192.6 196.5 200.4 204.0 207.7 211.4 215.2 219.1 222.6 226.2 229.8 233.5 237.2 240.5 243.9 247.3 250.8 254.3
1101 Pakxanh 77 5,834 35,223 38.3 39.1 39.9 40.7 41.5 42.3 43.1 43.9 44.7 45.5 46.3 47.2 47.9 48.7 49.5 50.3 51.1 51.8 52.5 53.2 54.0 54.7
1102 Thaphabath 31 3,459 19,976 21.7 22.2 22.6 23.1 23.5 24.0 24.5 24.9 25.4 25.8 26.3 26.8 27.2 27.6 28.1 28.5 29.0 29.4 29.8 30.2 30.6 31.0
1103 Pakkading 57 4,988 29,374 31.9 32.6 33.2 33.9 34.6 35.3 36.0 36.6 37.3 38.0 38.6 39.3 40.0 40.6 41.3 41.9 42.6 43.2 43.8 44.4 45.0 45.7
1104 Bolikhanh 38 2,421 14,970 16.3 16.6 16.9 17.3 17.6 18.0 18.3 18.7 19.0 19.3 19.7 20.0 20.4 20.7 21.0 21.4 21.7 22.0 22.3 22.6 22.9 23.3
1105 Khamkheuth 201 7,418 47,758 51.9 53.0 54.0 55.1 56.2 57.4 58.5 59.6 60.6 61.7 62.8 64.0 65.0 66.0 67.1 68.2 69.2 70.2 71.2 72.2 73.2 74.2
1106 Viengthong 58 2,534 16,288 17.7 18.1 18.4 18.8 19.2 19.6 20.0 20.3 20.7 21.0 21.4 21.8 22.2 22.5 22.9 23.2 23.6 23.9 24.3 24.6 25.0 25.3
12 Khammuane Sub-total 874 49,634 272,815 301.1 308.7 316.1 323.7 331.4 339.4 347.5 355.2 363.0 371.0 379.1 387.5 395.2 403.1 411.2 419.4 427.8 435.5 443.3 451.3 459.4 467.7
1201 Thakhek 133 12,292 68,432 75.5 77.4 79.3 81.2 83.1 85.1 87.2 89.1 91.1 93.1 95.1 97.2 99.1 101.1 103.1 105.2 107.3 109.2 111.2 113.2 115.2 117.3
1202 Mahaxay 90 4,387 22,982 25.4 26.0 26.6 27.3 27.9 28.6 29.3 29.9 30.6 31.3 31.9 32.6 33.3 34.0 34.6 35.3 36.0 36.7 37.3 38.0 38.7 39.4
1203 Nongbok 71 6,703 39,144 43.2 44.3 45.4 46.4 47.6 48.7 49.9 51.0 52.1 53.2 54.4 55.6 56.7 57.8 59.0 60.2 61.4 62.5 63.6 64.8 65.9 67.1
1204 Hinboon 164 9,192 50,778 56.0 57.5 58.8 60.2 61.7 63.2 64.7 66.1 67.6 69.0 70.6 72.1 73.6 75.0 76.5 78.1 79.6 81.1 82.5 84.0 85.5 87.1
1205 Ngommalath 85 4,334 21,754 24.0 24.6 25.2 25.8 26.4 27.1 27.7 28.3 28.9 29.6 30.2 30.9 31.5 32.1 32.8 33.4 34.1 34.7 35.4 36.0 36.6 37.3
1206 Bualapha 126 3,563 19,320 21.3 21.9 22.4 22.9 23.5 24.0 24.6 25.2 25.7 26.3 26.8 27.4 28.0 28.5 29.1 29.7 30.3 30.8 31.4 32.0 32.5 33.1
1207 Nakai 85 2,899 15,635 17.3 17.7 18.1 18.5 19.0 19.4 19.9 20.4 20.8 21.3 21.7 22.2 22.7 23.1 23.6 24.0 24.5 25.0 25.4 25.9 26.3 26.8
1208 Xebangfay 49 3,555 19,862 21.9 22.5 23.0 23.6 24.1 24.7 25.3 25.9 26.4 27.0 27.6 28.2 28.8 29.3 29.9 30.5 31.1 31.7 32.3 32.9 33.4 34.1
1209 Xaybuathong 71 2,709 14,908 16.5 16.9 17.3 17.7 18.1 18.5 19.0 19.4 19.8 20.3 20.7 21.2 21.6 22.0 22.5 22.9 23.4 23.8 24.2 24.7 25.1 25.6
13 Savannakhet Sub-total 1,576 106,846 671,758 750.2 771.2 792.0 813.4 835.4 857.9 881.1 903.1 925.7 948.9 972.6 996.9 1,019.8 1,043.3 1,067.3 1,091.8 1,116.9 1,140.4 1,164.3 1,188.8 1,213.8 1,239.2
1301 Khanthabouly 137 20,185 124,896 139.5 143.4 147.3 151.2 155.3 159.5 163.8 167.9 172.1 176.4 180.8 185.3 189.6 194.0 198.4 203.0 207.7 212.0 216.5 221.0 225.7 230.4
1302 Outhoomphone 108 10,787 69,025 77.1 79.2 81.4 83.6 85.8 88.2 90.5 92.8 95.1 97.5 99.9 102.4 104.8 107.2 109.7 112.2 114.8 117.2 119.6 122.2 124.7 127.3
1303 Atsaphangthong 123 7,697 48,743 54.4 56.0 57.5 59.0 60.6 62.3 63.9 65.5 67.2 68.8 70.6 72.3 74.0 75.7 77.4 79.2 81.0 82.7 84.5 86.3 88.1 89.9
1304 Phine 143 5,971 40,994 45.8 47.1 48.3 49.6 51.0 52.4 53.8 55.1 56.5 57.9 59.4 60.8 62.2 63.7 65.1 66.6 68.2 69.6 71.1 72.5 74.1 75.6
1305 Sepone 161 6,399 35,731 39.9 41.0 42.1 43.3 44.4 45.6 46.9 48.0 49.2 50.5 51.7 53.0 54.2 55.5 56.8 58.1 59.4 60.7 61.9 63.2 64.6 65.9
1306 Nong 98 2,766 16,723 18.7 19.2 19.7 20.2 20.8 21.4 21.9 22.5 23.0 23.6 24.2 24.8 25.4 26.0 26.6 27.2 27.8 28.4 29.0 29.6 30.2 30.9
1307 Thapangthong 83 3,353 24,011 26.8 27.6 28.3 29.1 29.9 30.7 31.5 32.3 33.1 33.9 34.8 35.6 36.5 37.3 38.1 39.0 39.9 40.8 41.6 42.5 43.4 44.3
1308 Songkhone 162 13,223 81,864 91.4 94.0 96.5 99.1 101.8 104.6 107.4 110.1 112.8 115.6 118.5 121.5 124.3 127.1 130.1 133.1 136.1 139.0 141.9 144.9 147.9 151.0
1309 Champhone 167 13,806 86,550 96.7 99.4 102.0 104.8 107.6 110.5 113.5 116.4 119.3 122.3 125.3 128.4 131.4 134.4 137.5 140.7 143.9 146.9 150.0 153.2 156.4 159.7
1310 Xonbuly 97 5,044 34,602 38.6 39.7 40.8 41.9 43.0 44.2 45.4 46.5 47.7 48.9 50.1 51.3 52.5 53.7 55.0 56.2 57.5 58.7 60.0 61.2 62.5 63.8
1311 Xaybuly 88 7,112 42,936 48.0 49.3 50.6 52.0 53.4 54.8 56.3 57.7 59.2 60.6 62.2 63.7 65.2 66.7 68.2 69.8 71.4 72.9 74.4 76.0 77.6 79.2
1312 Vilabuly 112 3,957 24,560 27.4 28.2 29.0 29.7 30.5 31.4 32.2 33.0 33.8 34.7 35.6 36.4 37.3 38.1 39.0 39.9 40.8 41.7 42.6 43.5 44.4 45.3
1313 Atsaphone 97 6,546 41,123 45.9 47.2 48.5 49.8 51.1 52.5 53.9 55.3 56.7 58.1 59.5 61.0 62.4 63.9 65.3 66.8 68.4 69.8 71.3 72.8 74.3 75.9
1314 Xayphoothong - - -
1315 Thaphalanxay - - -
14 Saravane Sub-total 731 42,378 256,231 283.9 291.3 298.6 306.1 313.7 321.6 329.6 337.2 344.9 352.9 361.0 369.3 377.0 385.0 393.0 401.3 409.7 417.5 425.4 433.5 441.8 450.2
1401 Saravane 163 10,233 66,096 73.2 75.1 77.0 79.0 80.9 82.9 85.0 87.0 89.0 91.0 93.1 95.3 97.3 99.3 101.4 103.5 105.7 107.7 109.7 111.8 114.0 116.1
1402 Ta oi 64 3,033 19,799 21.9 22.5 23.1 23.6 24.2 24.8 25.5 26.1 26.7 27.3 27.9 28.5 29.1 29.7 30.4 31.0 31.7 32.3 32.9 33.5 34.1 34.8
1403 Toomlarn 67 1,985 16,262 18.0 18.5 19.0 19.4 19.9 20.4 20.9 21.4 21.9 22.4 22.9 23.4 23.9 24.4 24.9 25.5 26.0 26.5 27.0 27.5 28.0 28.6
1404 Lakhonepheng 98 5,484 30,480 33.8 34.7 35.5 36.4 37.3 38.3 39.2 40.1 41.0 42.0 42.9 43.9 44.9 45.8 46.8 47.7 48.7 49.7 50.6 51.6 52.6 53.5
1405 Vapy 64 4,516 26,755 29.6 30.4 31.2 32.0 32.8 33.6 34.4 35.2 36.0 36.8 37.7 38.6 39.4 40.2 41.0 41.9 42.8 43.6 44.4 45.3 46.1 47.0
1406 Khongxedone 107 8,011 46,252 51.3 52.6 53.9 55.2 56.6 58.0 59.5 60.9 62.3 63.7 65.2 66.7 68.1 69.5 70.9 72.4 74.0 75.4 76.8 78.3 79.7 81.3
1407 Lao ngarm 111 7,781 42,938 47.6 48.8 50.0 51.3 52.6 53.9 55.2 56.5 57.8 59.1 60.5 61.9 63.2 64.5 65.9 67.2 68.7 70.0 71.3 72.6 74.0 75.4
1408 Samuoi 57 1,335 7,649 8.5 8.7 8.9 9.1 9.4 9.6 9.8 10.1 10.3 10.5 10.8 11.0 11.3 11.5 11.7 12.0 12.2 12.5 12.7 12.9 13.2 13.4
15 Sekong Sub-total 278 9,533 64,170 69.5 70.8 72.2 73.6 75.0 76.4 77.8 79.2 80.5 81.9 83.3 84.7 86.0 87.2 88.6 89.9 91.2 92.4 93.6 94.8 96.1 97.3
1501 Lamarm 40 2,659 18,237 19.7 20.1 20.5 20.9 21.3 21.7 22.1 22.5 22.9 23.3 23.7 24.1 24.4 24.8 25.2 25.5 25.9 26.3 26.6 27.0 27.3 27.7
1502 Kaleum 68 2,004 13,746 14.9 15.2 15.5 15.8 16.1 16.4 16.7 17.0 17.2 17.5 17.8 18.1 18.4 18.7 19.0 19.3 19.5 19.8 20.1 20.3 20.6 20.8
1503 Dakcheung 120 2,424 16,949 18.3 18.7 19.1 19.4 19.8 20.2 20.6 20.9 21.3 21.6 22.0 22.4 22.7 23.0 23.4 23.7 24.1 24.4 24.7 25.0 25.4 25.7
1504 Thateng 50 2,446 15,238 16.5 16.8 17.1 17.5 17.8 18.1 18.5 18.8 19.1 19.4 19.8 20.1 20.4 20.7 21.0 21.3 21.7 21.9 22.2 22.5 22.8 23.1
16 Champasack Sub-total 896 84,817 501,387 559.9 575.6 591.2 607.1 623.5 640.4 657.6 674.1 690.9 708.2 725.9 744.1 761.2 778.7 796.6 814.9 833.7 851.2 869.0 887.3 905.9 924.9
1601 Pakse 54 10,484 65,220 72.8 74.9 76.9 79.0 81.1 83.3 85.5 87.7 89.9 92.1 94.4 96.8 99.0 101.3 103.6 106.0 108.4 110.7 113.0 115.4 117.8 120.3
1602 Sannasomboon 85 9,743 55,716 62.2 64.0 65.7 67.5 69.3 71.2 73.1 74.9 76.8 78.7 80.7 82.7 84.6 86.5 88.5 90.6 92.6 94.6 96.6 98.6 100.7 102.8
1603 Bachiangchaleuns 94 6,286 34,354 38.4 39.4 40.5 41.6 42.7 43.9 45.1 46.2 47.3 48.5 49.7 51.0 52.2 53.4 54.6 55.8 57.1 58.3 59.5 60.8 62.1 63.4
1604 Pakxong 105 7,549 44,518 49.7 51.1 52.5 53.9 55.4 56.9 58.4 59.9 61.3 62.9 64.5 66.1 67.6 69.1 70.7 72.4 74.0 75.6 77.2 78.8 80.4 82.1
1605 Pathoomphone 93 7,376 43,142 48.2 49.5 50.9 52.2 53.7 55.1 56.6 58.0 59.5 60.9 62.5 64.0 65.5 67.0 68.5 70.1 71.7 73.2 74.8 76.3 78.0 79.6
1606 Phonthong 117 12,098 73,704 82.3 84.6 86.9 89.2 91.7 94.1 96.7 99.1 101.6 104.1 106.7 109.4 111.9 114.5 117.1 119.8 122.5 125.1 127.7 130.4 133.2 136.0
1607 Champasack 92 8,179 49,242 55.0 56.5 58.1 59.6 61.2 62.9 64.6 66.2 67.9 69.6 71.3 73.1 74.8 76.5 78.2 80.0 81.9 83.6 85.3 87.1 89.0 90.8
1608 Sukhuma 60 6,368 38,051 42.5 43.7 44.9 46.1 47.3 48.6 49.9 51.2 52.4 53.7 55.1 56.5 57.8 59.1 60.5 61.8 63.3 64.6 66.0 67.3 68.8 70.2
1609 Moonlapamok 65 5,369 32,228 36.0 37.0 38.0 39.0 40.1 41.2 42.3 43.3 44.4 45.5 46.7 47.8 48.9 50.1 51.2 52.4 53.6 54.7 55.9 57.0 58.2 59.5
1610 Khong 131 11,365 65,212 72.8 74.9 76.9 79.0 81.1 83.3 85.5 87.7 89.9 92.1 94.4 96.8 99.0 101.3 103.6 106.0 108.4 110.7 113.0 115.4 117.8 120.3
17 Attapeu Sub-total 188 15,103 87,229 95.5 97.7 99.9 102.1 104.3 106.6 109.0 111.1 113.4 115.6 117.9 120.3 122.5 124.7 126.9 129.2 131.5 133.6 135.8 137.9 140.2 142.4
1701 Xaysetha 32 4,352 25,691 28.1 28.8 29.4 30.1 30.7 31.4 32.1 32.7 33.4 34.1 34.7 35.4 36.1 36.7 37.4 38.1 38.7 39.4 40.0 40.6 41.3 41.9
1702 Samakkhixay 23 3,245 19,331 21.2 21.7 22.1 22.6 23.1 23.6 24.1 24.6 25.1 25.6 26.1 26.7 27.1 27.6 28.1 28.6 29.1 29.6 30.1 30.6 31.1 31.6
1703 Sanamxay 50 3,464 19,627 21.5 22.0 22.5 23.0 23.5 24.0 24.5 25.0 25.5 26.0 26.5 27.1 27.6 28.1 28.6 29.1 29.6 30.1 30.6 31.0 31.5 32.0
1704 Sanxay 56 2,271 12,252 13.4 13.7 14.0 14.3 14.7 15.0 15.3 15.6 15.9 16.2 16.6 16.9 17.2 17.5 17.8 18.1 18.5 18.8 19.1 19.4 19.7 20.0
1705 Phouvong 27 1,771 10,328 11.3 11.6 11.8 12.1 12.4 12.6 12.9 13.2 13.4 13.7 14.0 14.2 14.5 14.8 15.0 15.3 15.6 15.8 16.1 16.3 16.6 16.9
18 Xaysomboon Sub-total 137 8,298 54,068 58.8 60.0 61.2 62.4 63.7 64.9 66.2 67.4 68.6 69.9 71.1 72.4 73.6 74.7 75.9 77.2 78.4 79.5 80.6 81.7 82.9 84.0
1801 Sayxomboun 27 1,771 11,614 12.6 12.9 13.1 13.4 13.7 13.9 14.2 14.5 14.7 15.0 15.3 15.6 15.8 16.1 16.3 16.6 16.8 17.1 17.3 17.6 17.8 18.1
1802 Thathom 30 1,352 9,737 10.6 10.8 11.0 11.2 11.5 11.7 11.9 12.1 12.4 12.6 12.8 13.0 13.2 13.5 13.7 13.9 14.1 14.3 14.5 14.7 14.9 15.1
1803 Longsane 34 2,790 18,635 20.3 20.7 21.1 21.5 21.9 22.4 22.8 23.2 23.7 24.1 24.5 25.0 25.4 25.8 26.2 26.6 27.0 27.4 27.8 28.2 28.6 29.0
1804 Hom 28 1,232 7,442 8.1 8.3 8.4 8.6 8.8 8.9 9.1 9.3 9.4 9.6 9.8 10.0 10.1 10.3 10.5 10.6 10.8 10.9 11.1 11.2 11.4 11.6
1805 Phun 18 1,153 6,640 7.2 7.4 7.5 7.7 7.8 8.0 8.1 8.3 8.4 8.6 8.7 8.9 9.0 9.2 9.3 9.5 9.6 9.8 9.9 10.0 10.2 10.3
Grand Total 11,797 753,948 4,575,544 5,049 5,175 5,300 5,427 5,557 5,690 5,827 5,956 6,087 6,221 6,359 6,499 6,630 6,763 6,900 7,039 7,181 7,311 7,444 7,580 7,718 7,858
Notes: Nos. of household and population in 1995 for Huaphan and Vientiane provinces were adjusted according to the MIH data to meet the existing numbers of district which has been increased after 1995.
Table 5.4-2 Number of Households by District (Total)
Population Cesus 1995 Number of Household (Total)
01 Vientiane Mun. Sub-total 486 90,133 524,107 101,840 104,997 108,147 111,391 114,733 118,175 121,720 125,129 128,632 132,234 135,936 139,743 143,376 147,104 150,928 154,853 158,879 162,692 166,596 170,595 174,689 178,882
0101 Chanthabuly 37 10,203 58,855 11,528 11,886 12,242 12,609 12,988 13,377 13,779 14,164 14,561 14,969 15,388 15,819 16,230 16,652 17,085 17,529 17,985 18,417 18,859 19,311 19,775 20,249
0102 Sikhottabong 59 12,612 74,251 14,250 14,692 15,133 15,587 16,054 16,536 17,032 17,509 17,999 18,503 19,021 19,554 20,062 20,584 21,119 21,668 22,231 22,765 23,311 23,871 24,444 25,030
0103 Xaysetha 51 12,562 75,255 14,194 14,634 15,073 15,525 15,991 16,470 16,964 17,439 17,928 18,430 18,946 19,476 19,983 20,502 21,035 21,582 22,143 22,675 23,219 23,776 24,347 24,931
0104 Sisattanak 40 9,850 58,178 11,129 11,474 11,819 12,173 12,538 12,915 13,302 13,674 14,057 14,451 14,856 15,271 15,669 16,076 16,494 16,923 17,363 17,779 18,206 18,643 19,091 19,549
0105 Naxaithong 55 7,600 44,104 8,587 8,853 9,119 9,393 9,674 9,965 10,263 10,551 10,846 11,150 11,462 11,783 12,089 12,404 12,726 13,057 13,397 13,718 14,047 14,385 14,730 15,083
0106 Xaythany 99 16,512 97,829 18,657 19,235 19,812 20,406 21,019 21,649 22,299 22,923 23,565 24,225 24,903 25,600 26,266 26,949 27,649 28,368 29,106 29,804 30,520 31,252 32,002 32,770
0107 Hadxaifong 57 11,933 64,962 13,483 13,901 14,318 14,747 15,190 15,646 16,115 16,566 17,030 17,507 17,997 18,501 18,982 19,476 19,982 20,501 21,034 21,539 22,056 22,586 23,128 23,683
0108 Sangthong 35 2,928 16,728 3,308 3,411 3,513 3,619 3,727 3,839 3,954 4,065 4,179 4,296 4,416 4,540 4,658 4,779 4,903 5,030 5,161 5,285 5,412 5,542 5,675 5,811
0109 Mayparkngum 53 5,933 33,945 6,704 6,911 7,119 7,332 7,552 7,779 8,012 8,237 8,467 8,704 8,948 9,199 9,438 9,683 9,935 10,193 10,458 10,709 10,966 11,229 11,499 11,775
02 Phongsaly Sub-total 663 25,168 152,848 27,350 27,924 28,482 29,052 29,633 30,226 30,830 31,385 31,950 32,525 33,111 33,707 34,246 34,794 35,351 35,916 36,491 37,002 37,520 38,045 38,578 39,118
0201 Phongsaly 93 4,605 25,823 5,004 5,109 5,211 5,316 5,422 5,530 5,641 5,743 5,846 5,951 6,058 6,167 6,266 6,366 6,468 6,572 6,677 6,770 6,865 6,961 7,059 7,157
0202 May 118 3,645 23,005 3,961 4,044 4,125 4,208 4,292 4,378 4,465 4,545 4,627 4,711 4,795 4,882 4,960 5,039 5,120 5,202 5,285 5,359 5,434 5,510 5,587 5,665
0203 Khua 134 4,874 28,244 5,296 5,408 5,516 5,626 5,739 5,853 5,971 6,078 6,187 6,299 6,412 6,528 6,632 6,738 6,846 6,956 7,067 7,166 7,266 7,368 7,471 7,576
0204 Samphanh 93 3,884 25,101 4,221 4,309 4,395 4,483 4,573 4,665 4,758 4,843 4,931 5,019 5,110 5,202 5,285 5,370 5,455 5,543 5,631 5,710 5,790 5,871 5,953 6,037
0205 Boon neua 67 2,399 14,083 2,607 2,662 2,715 2,769 2,825 2,881 2,939 2,992 3,045 3,100 3,156 3,213 3,264 3,317 3,370 3,424 3,478 3,527 3,576 3,626 3,677 3,729
0206 Ngot ou 100 3,633 24,133 3,948 4,031 4,111 4,194 4,278 4,363 4,450 4,530 4,612 4,695 4,780 4,866 4,943 5,023 5,103 5,185 5,267 5,341 5,416 5,492 5,569 5,647
0207 Boontai 58 2,128 12,459 2,312 2,361 2,408 2,456 2,506 2,556 2,607 2,654 2,701 2,750 2,800 2,850 2,896 2,942 2,989 3,037 3,085 3,129 3,172 3,217 3,262 3,307
03 Luang Namtha Sub-total 487 20,513 114,741 22,291 22,759 23,214 23,679 24,152 24,635 25,128 25,580 26,041 26,510 26,987 27,472 27,912 28,359 28,812 29,273 29,742 30,158 30,580 31,008 31,443 31,883
0301 Namtha 80 5,662 35,408 6,153 6,282 6,408 6,536 6,667 6,800 6,936 7,061 7,188 7,317 7,449 7,583 7,704 7,828 7,953 8,080 8,209 8,324 8,441 8,559 8,679 8,800
0302 Sing 110 4,316 22,467 4,690 4,789 4,884 4,982 5,082 5,183 5,287 5,382 5,479 5,578 5,678 5,780 5,873 5,967 6,062 6,159 6,258 6,345 6,434 6,524 6,616 6,708
0303 Long 129 4,001 21,357 4,348 4,439 4,528 4,618 4,711 4,805 4,901 4,989 5,079 5,171 5,264 5,358 5,444 5,531 5,620 5,710 5,801 5,882 5,965 6,048 6,133 6,219
0304 Vienphoukha 65 2,781 14,871 3,022 3,086 3,147 3,210 3,274 3,340 3,407 3,468 3,530 3,594 3,659 3,725 3,784 3,845 3,906 3,969 4,032 4,089 4,146 4,204 4,263 4,322
0305 Nalae 103 3,753 20,638 4,078 4,164 4,247 4,332 4,419 4,507 4,597 4,680 4,764 4,850 4,937 5,026 5,107 5,188 5,271 5,356 5,441 5,518 5,595 5,673 5,753 5,833
04 Oudomxai Sub-total 804 33,236 210,207 36,686 37,603 38,506 39,430 40,376 41,345 42,338 43,269 44,221 45,194 46,188 47,204 48,148 49,111 50,094 51,096 52,117 53,056 54,011 54,983 55,972 56,980
0401 Xay 174 7,626 48,197 8,418 8,628 8,835 9,047 9,264 9,487 9,714 9,928 10,147 10,370 10,598 10,831 11,048 11,269 11,494 11,724 11,958 12,174 12,393 12,616 12,843 13,074
0402 La 70 2,412 14,565 2,662 2,729 2,794 2,862 2,930 3,001 3,073 3,140 3,209 3,280 3,352 3,426 3,494 3,564 3,635 3,708 3,782 3,850 3,920 3,990 4,062 4,135
0403 Namor 105 3,899 25,419 4,304 4,411 4,517 4,626 4,737 4,850 4,967 5,076 5,188 5,302 5,418 5,538 5,648 5,761 5,877 5,994 6,114 6,224 6,336 6,450 6,566 6,684
0404 Nga 101 3,770 24,198 4,161 4,265 4,368 4,473 4,580 4,690 4,802 4,908 5,016 5,126 5,239 5,354 5,462 5,571 5,682 5,796 5,912 6,018 6,126 6,237 6,349 6,463
0405 Beng 99 4,236 26,902 4,676 4,793 4,908 5,025 5,146 5,270 5,396 5,515 5,636 5,760 5,887 6,016 6,137 6,259 6,385 6,512 6,642 6,762 6,884 7,008 7,134 7,262
0406 Hoon 174 7,807 48,195 8,617 8,833 9,045 9,262 9,484 9,712 9,945 10,164 10,387 10,616 10,849 11,088 11,310 11,536 11,767 12,002 12,242 12,463 12,687 12,915 13,148 13,384
0407 Pakbeng 81 3,486 22,731 3,848 3,944 4,039 4,136 4,235 4,337 4,441 4,538 4,638 4,740 4,845 4,951 5,050 5,151 5,254 5,359 5,466 5,565 5,665 5,767 5,871 5,976
05 Bokeo Sub-total 397 19,687 113,612 21,143 21,524 21,890 22,262 22,640 23,025 23,417 23,768 24,124 24,486 24,853 25,226 25,554 25,886 26,223 26,564 26,909 27,205 27,504 27,807 28,113 28,422
0501 Huoixai 140 7,692 44,204 8,261 8,410 8,553 8,698 8,846 8,996 9,149 9,286 9,426 9,567 9,711 9,856 9,984 10,114 10,246 10,379 10,514 10,629 10,746 10,865 10,984 11,105
0502 Tonpheung 59 3,618 19,704 3,886 3,956 4,023 4,091 4,161 4,231 4,303 4,368 4,433 4,500 4,567 4,636 4,696 4,757 4,819 4,882 4,945 5,000 5,055 5,110 5,166 5,223
0503 Meung 43 1,419 7,770 1,524 1,551 1,578 1,605 1,632 1,660 1,688 1,713 1,739 1,765 1,791 1,818 1,842 1,866 1,890 1,915 1,940 1,961 1,982 2,004 2,026 2,049
0504 Pha oudom 108 4,502 26,408 4,835 4,922 5,006 5,091 5,177 5,265 5,355 5,435 5,517 5,599 5,683 5,769 5,844 5,920 5,997 6,075 6,154 6,221 6,290 6,359 6,429 6,500
0505 Paktha 47 2,456 15,526 2,638 2,685 2,731 2,777 2,824 2,872 2,921 2,965 3,010 3,055 3,101 3,147 3,188 3,229 3,271 3,314 3,357 3,394 3,431 3,469 3,507 3,546
06 Luang Prabang Sub-total 1,214 59,520 364,840 65,188 66,687 68,154 69,653 71,186 72,752 74,352 75,840 77,356 78,903 80,482 82,091 83,569 85,073 86,604 88,163 89,750 91,186 92,645 94,127 95,634 97,164
0601 Luangprabang 132 10,581 63,765 11,589 11,855 12,116 12,382 12,655 12,933 13,218 13,482 13,752 14,027 14,307 14,594 14,856 15,124 15,396 15,673 15,955 16,210 16,470 16,733 17,001 17,273
0602 Xieng ngeun 109 5,666 34,266 6,206 6,348 6,488 6,631 6,777 6,926 7,078 7,220 7,364 7,511 7,661 7,815 7,955 8,099 8,244 8,393 8,544 8,680 8,819 8,960 9,104 9,249
0603 Nan 82 4,690 28,321 5,137 5,255 5,370 5,488 5,609 5,733 5,859 5,976 6,095 6,217 6,342 6,469 6,585 6,704 6,824 6,947 7,072 7,185 7,300 7,417 7,536 7,656
0604 Park ou 76 3,624 21,242 3,969 4,060 4,150 4,241 4,334 4,430 4,527 4,618 4,710 4,804 4,900 4,998 5,088 5,180 5,273 5,368 5,465 5,552 5,641 5,731 5,823 5,916
0605 Nam bak 161 7,554 47,082 8,273 8,464 8,650 8,840 9,035 9,233 9,436 9,625 9,818 10,014 10,214 10,419 10,606 10,797 10,991 11,189 11,391 11,573 11,758 11,946 12,137 12,332
0606 Ngoi 163 6,366 39,772 6,972 7,133 7,289 7,450 7,614 7,781 7,952 8,111 8,274 8,439 8,608 8,780 8,938 9,099 9,263 9,430 9,599 9,753 9,909 10,067 10,229 10,392
0607 Pak xeng 116 4,259 25,889 4,665 4,772 4,877 4,984 5,094 5,206 5,320 5,427 5,535 5,646 5,759 5,874 5,980 6,087 6,197 6,309 6,422 6,525 6,629 6,735 6,843 6,953
0608 Phonxay 92 3,794 24,525 4,155 4,251 4,344 4,440 4,538 4,637 4,739 4,834 4,931 5,030 5,130 5,233 5,327 5,423 5,520 5,620 5,721 5,813 5,906 6,000 6,096 6,194
0609 Chomphet 87 4,333 24,859 4,746 4,855 4,962 5,071 5,182 5,296 5,413 5,521 5,631 5,744 5,859 5,976 6,084 6,193 6,305 6,418 6,534 6,638 6,744 6,852 6,962 7,073
0610 Viengkham 148 6,211 38,931 6,802 6,959 7,112 7,268 7,428 7,592 7,759 7,914 8,072 8,234 8,398 8,566 8,721 8,877 9,037 9,200 9,366 9,515 9,668 9,822 9,979 10,139
0611 Phoukhoue 48 2,442 16,188 2,675 2,736 2,796 2,858 2,921 2,985 3,051 3,112 3,174 3,237 3,302 3,368 3,429 3,490 3,553 3,617 3,682 3,741 3,801 3,862 3,924 3,986
07 Huaphanh Sub-total 925 36,009 244,651 39,284 40,148 40,991 41,852 42,731 43,628 44,545 45,391 46,253 47,132 48,028 48,940 49,772 50,618 51,479 52,354 53,244 54,043 54,853 55,676 56,511 57,359
0701 Xamneua 156 6,759 45,836 7,374 7,536 7,694 7,856 8,021 8,189 8,361 8,520 8,682 8,847 9,015 9,186 9,342 9,501 9,663 9,827 9,994 10,144 10,296 10,451 10,607 10,766
0702 Xieng khor 85 3,805 26,039 4,151 4,242 4,331 4,422 4,515 4,610 4,707 4,796 4,887 4,980 5,075 5,171 5,259 5,349 5,440 5,532 5,626 5,711 5,796 5,883 5,971 6,061
0703 Viengthong 86 3,139 20,352 3,424 3,500 3,573 3,648 3,725 3,803 3,883 3,957 4,032 4,109 4,187 4,266 4,339 4,413 4,488 4,564 4,641 4,711 4,782 4,853 4,926 5,000
0704 Viengxay 127 4,833 32,873 5,273 5,389 5,502 5,617 5,735 5,856 5,979 6,092 6,208 6,326 6,446 6,569 6,680 6,794 6,909 7,027 7,146 7,253 7,362 7,473 7,585 7,698
0705 Huameuang 94 3,448 23,665 3,762 3,844 3,925 4,007 4,092 4,178 4,265 4,346 4,429 4,513 4,599 4,686 4,766 4,847 4,929 5,013 5,098 5,175 5,252 5,331 5,411 5,492
0706 Xamtay 217 6,897 47,084 7,524 7,690 7,851 8,016 8,184 8,356 8,532 8,694 8,859 9,027 9,199 9,374 9,533 9,695 9,860 10,028 10,198 10,351 10,506 10,664 10,824 10,986
0707 Sopbao 72 3,228 22,101 3,522 3,599 3,675 3,752 3,831 3,911 3,993 4,069 4,146 4,225 4,305 4,387 4,462 4,538 4,615 4,693 4,773 4,845 4,917 4,991 5,066 5,142
0708 Add 88 3,900 26,701 4,255 4,348 4,440 4,533 4,628 4,725 4,824 4,916 5,010 5,105 5,202 5,301 5,391 5,482 5,575 5,670 5,767 5,853 5,941 6,030 6,121 6,212
08 Xayabury Sub-total 676 49,414 292,108 53,697 54,825 55,922 57,040 58,181 59,344 60,531 61,621 62,730 63,859 65,009 66,179 67,238 68,313 69,406 70,517 71,645 72,648 73,665 74,697 75,742 76,803
0801 Xayabury 118 9,526 60,153 10,352 10,569 10,781 10,996 11,216 11,440 11,669 11,879 12,093 12,311 12,532 12,758 12,962 13,169 13,380 13,594 13,812 14,005 14,201 14,400 14,602 14,806
0802 Khop 65 6,539 40,246 7,106 7,255 7,400 7,548 7,699 7,853 8,010 8,154 8,301 8,451 8,603 8,757 8,898 9,040 9,185 9,332 9,481 9,614 9,748 9,885 10,023 10,163
0803 Hongsa 90 10,284 61,509 11,175 11,410 11,638 11,871 12,109 12,351 12,598 12,824 13,055 13,290 13,530 13,773 13,993 14,217 14,445 14,676 14,911 15,119 15,331 15,546 15,763 15,984
0804 Ngeun 58 6,443 32,933 7,002 7,149 7,292 7,437 7,586 7,738 7,893 8,035 8,179 8,326 8,476 8,629 8,767 8,907 9,050 9,195 9,342 9,472 9,605 9,740 9,876 10,014
0805 Xienghone 132 3,467 17,893 3,768 3,847 3,924 4,002 4,082 4,164 4,247 4,323 4,401 4,481 4,561 4,643 4,718 4,793 4,870 4,948 5,027 5,097 5,169 5,241 5,314 5,389
0806 Phiang 62 3,974 24,844 4,318 4,409 4,497 4,587 4,679 4,773 4,868 4,956 5,045 5,136 5,228 5,322 5,407 5,494 5,582 5,671 5,762 5,843 5,924 6,007 6,091 6,177
0807 Parklai 81 4,383 25,559 4,763 4,863 4,960 5,059 5,161 5,264 5,369 5,466 5,564 5,664 5,766 5,870 5,964 6,059 6,156 6,255 6,355 6,444 6,534 6,626 6,718 6,812
0808 Kenethao 38 2,741 16,007 2,979 3,041 3,102 3,164 3,227 3,292 3,358 3,418 3,480 3,542 3,606 3,671 3,730 3,789 3,850 3,912 3,974 4,030 4,086 4,143 4,201 4,260
0809 Botene 32 2,057 12,964 2,235 2,282 2,328 2,374 2,422 2,470 2,520 2,565 2,611 2,658 2,706 2,755 2,799 2,844 2,889 2,935 2,982 3,024 3,067 3,109 3,153 3,197
09 Xiengkhuang Sub-total 505 29,572 200,619 32,642 33,458 34,261 35,083 35,925 36,787 37,670 38,499 39,346 40,212 41,096 42,000 42,840 43,697 44,571 45,463 46,372 47,207 48,056 48,921 49,802 50,698
0901 Pek 96 8,723 57,273 9,629 9,869 10,106 10,349 10,597 10,851 11,112 11,356 11,606 11,861 12,122 12,389 12,637 12,890 13,147 13,410 13,679 13,925 14,175 14,431 14,690 14,955
0902 Kham 102 5,829 39,547 6,434 6,595 6,753 6,915 7,081 7,251 7,425 7,589 7,756 7,926 8,101 8,279 8,444 8,613 8,786 8,961 9,140 9,305 9,472 9,643 9,817 9,993
0903 Nonghed 115 4,632 33,354 5,113 5,241 5,366 5,495 5,627 5,762 5,900 6,030 6,163 6,299 6,437 6,579 6,710 6,845 6,981 7,121 7,263 7,394 7,527 7,663 7,801 7,941
0904 Khoune 88 4,207 29,060 4,644 4,760 4,874 4,991 5,111 5,233 5,359 5,477 5,597 5,721 5,846 5,975 6,095 6,217 6,341 6,468 6,597 6,716 6,837 6,960 7,085 7,213
0905 Morkmay 37 1,084 7,766 1,197 1,226 1,256 1,286 1,317 1,348 1,381 1,411 1,442 1,474 1,506 1,540 1,570 1,602 1,634 1,666 1,700 1,730 1,762 1,793 1,826 1,858
0906 Phookood 29 3,092 20,272 3,413 3,498 3,582 3,668 3,756 3,846 3,939 4,025 4,114 4,204 4,297 4,392 4,479 4,569 4,660 4,754 4,849 4,936 5,025 5,115 5,207 5,301
0907 Phaxay 38 2,005 13,347 2,213 2,268 2,323 2,379 2,436 2,494 2,554 2,610 2,668 2,726 2,786 2,848 2,905 2,963 3,022 3,082 3,144 3,201 3,258 3,317 3,377 3,437
10 Vientiane Sub-total 498 47,433 286,564 51,343 52,370 53,365 54,379 55,412 56,465 57,538 58,516 59,511 60,522 61,551 62,598 63,536 64,490 65,457 66,439 67,435 68,312 69,200 70,100 71,011 71,934
1001 Phonhong 95 9,364 56,044 10,136 10,339 10,535 10,735 10,939 11,147 11,359 11,552 11,748 11,948 12,151 12,358 12,543 12,731 12,922 13,116 13,313 13,486 13,661 13,839 14,019 14,201
1002 Thoulakhom 60 7,574 48,131 8,198 8,362 8,521 8,683 8,848 9,016 9,187 9,343 9,502 9,664 9,828 9,995 10,145 10,297 10,451 10,608 10,767 10,907 11,049 11,193 11,338 11,486
1003 Keo oudom 32 2,996 18,493 3,243 3,308 3,371 3,435 3,500 3,567 3,634 3,696 3,759 3,823 3,888 3,954 4,013 4,073 4,134 4,197 4,259 4,315 4,371 4,428 4,485 4,544
1004 Kaxy 50 3,386 21,218 3,665 3,739 3,810 3,882 3,956 4,031 4,107 4,177 4,248 4,321 4,394 4,469 4,536 4,604 4,673 4,743 4,814 4,877 4,940 5,004 5,069 5,135
1005 Vangvieng 90 7,596 49,008 8,222 8,386 8,546 8,708 8,873 9,042 9,214 9,370 9,530 9,692 9,856 10,024 10,174 10,327 10,482 10,639 10,799 10,939 11,081 11,225 11,371 11,519
1006 Feuang 44 5,632 29,837 6,096 6,218 6,337 6,457 6,580 6,705 6,832 6,948 7,066 7,186 7,309 7,433 7,544 7,657 7,772 7,889 8,007 8,111 8,217 8,324 8,432 8,541
1007 Xanakharm 57 5,581 31,819 6,041 6,162 6,279 6,398 6,520 6,644 6,770 6,885 7,002 7,121 7,242 7,365 7,476 7,588 7,702 7,817 7,934 8,037 8,142 8,248 8,355 8,464
1008 Mad 28 1,198 8,141 1,297 1,323 1,348 1,374 1,400 1,427 1,454 1,478 1,504 1,529 1,555 1,582 1,605 1,629 1,654 1,679 1,704 1,726 1,748 1,771 1,794 1,817
1009 Hinhurp 16 2,174 13,335 2,353 2,400 2,445 2,492 2,539 2,588 2,637 2,682 2,727 2,773 2,821 2,869 2,912 2,955 3,000 3,045 3,090 3,130 3,171 3,212 3,254 3,296
1010 Viengkham 25 1,932 10,538 2,092 2,133 2,174 2,215 2,257 2,300 2,344 2,384 2,424 2,466 2,507 2,550 2,588 2,627 2,667 2,707 2,747 2,783 2,819 2,856 2,893 2,930
11 Borikhamxay Sub-total 462 26,654 163,589 28,964 29,573 30,164 30,767 31,383 32,010 32,651 33,238 33,837 34,446 35,066 35,697 36,268 36,848 37,438 38,037 38,646 39,187 39,735 40,291 40,856 41,428
1101 Pakxanh 77 5,834 35,223 6,340 6,473 6,602 6,734 6,869 7,006 7,147 7,275 7,406 7,539 7,675 7,813 7,938 8,065 8,194 8,325 8,459 8,577 8,697 8,819 8,942 9,068
1102 Thaphabath 31 3,459 19,976 3,759 3,838 3,915 3,993 4,073 4,154 4,237 4,313 4,391 4,470 4,551 4,633 4,707 4,782 4,858 4,936 5,015 5,085 5,157 5,229 5,302 5,376
1103 Pakkading 57 4,988 29,374 5,420 5,534 5,645 5,758 5,873 5,990 6,110 6,220 6,332 6,446 6,562 6,680 6,787 6,896 7,006 7,118 7,232 7,333 7,436 7,540 7,646 7,753
1104 Bolikhanh 38 2,421 14,970 2,631 2,686 2,740 2,795 2,851 2,908 2,966 3,019 3,073 3,129 3,185 3,242 3,294 3,347 3,401 3,455 3,510 3,559 3,609 3,660 3,711 3,763
1105 Khamkheuth 201 7,418 47,758 8,061 8,230 8,395 8,563 8,734 8,909 9,087 9,250 9,417 9,586 9,759 9,935 10,094 10,255 10,419 10,586 10,755 10,906 11,059 11,213 11,370 11,530
1106 Viengthong 58 2,534 16,288 2,754 2,811 2,868 2,925 2,984 3,043 3,104 3,160 3,217 3,275 3,334 3,394 3,448 3,503 3,559 3,616 3,674 3,725 3,778 3,831 3,884 3,939
12 Khammuane Sub-total 874 49,634 272,815 54,787 56,156 57,504 58,884 60,297 61,745 63,226 64,617 66,039 67,492 68,977 70,494 71,904 73,342 74,809 76,305 77,831 79,232 80,658 82,110 83,588 85,093
1201 Thakhek 133 12,292 68,432 13,568 13,907 14,241 14,583 14,933 15,291 15,658 16,003 16,355 16,715 17,082 17,458 17,807 18,163 18,527 18,897 19,275 19,622 19,975 20,335 20,701 21,073
1202 Mahaxay 90 4,387 22,982 4,842 4,963 5,083 5,205 5,330 5,457 5,588 5,711 5,837 5,965 6,097 6,231 6,355 6,482 6,612 6,744 6,879 7,003 7,129 7,257 7,388 7,521
1203 Nongbok 71 6,703 39,144 7,399 7,584 7,766 7,952 8,143 8,339 8,539 8,726 8,918 9,115 9,315 9,520 9,711 9,905 10,103 10,305 10,511 10,700 10,893 11,089 11,288 11,492
1204 Hinboon 164 9,192 50,778 10,146 10,400 10,650 10,905 11,167 11,435 11,709 11,967 12,230 12,499 12,774 13,055 13,316 13,583 13,854 14,131 14,414 14,673 14,938 15,206 15,480 15,759
1205 Ngommalath 85 4,334 21,754 4,784 4,904 5,021 5,142 5,265 5,391 5,521 5,642 5,766 5,893 6,023 6,155 6,279 6,404 6,532 6,663 6,796 6,918 7,043 7,170 7,299 7,430
1206 Bualapha 126 3,563 19,320 3,933 4,031 4,128 4,227 4,328 4,432 4,539 4,639 4,741 4,845 4,952 5,060 5,162 5,265 5,370 5,478 5,587 5,688 5,790 5,894 6,000 6,108
1207 Nakai 85 2,899 15,635 3,200 3,280 3,359 3,439 3,522 3,606 3,693 3,774 3,857 3,942 4,029 4,117 4,200 4,284 4,369 4,457 4,546 4,628 4,711 4,796 4,882 4,970
1208 Xebangfay 49 3,555 19,862 3,924 4,022 4,119 4,218 4,319 4,422 4,529 4,628 4,730 4,834 4,940 5,049 5,150 5,253 5,358 5,465 5,575 5,675 5,777 5,881 5,987 6,095
1209 Xaybuathong 71 2,709 14,908 2,990 3,065 3,139 3,214 3,291 3,370 3,451 3,527 3,604 3,684 3,765 3,848 3,924 4,003 4,083 4,165 4,248 4,324 4,402 4,482 4,562 4,644
13 Savannakhet Sub-total 1,576 106,846 671,758 119,325 122,666 125,978 129,379 132,873 136,460 140,145 143,648 147,239 150,920 154,693 158,561 162,208 165,938 169,755 173,659 177,653 181,384 185,193 189,082 193,053 197,107
1301 Khanthabouly 137 20,185 124,896 22,542 23,174 23,799 24,442 25,102 25,780 26,476 27,138 27,816 28,511 29,224 29,955 30,644 31,349 32,070 32,807 33,562 34,267 34,986 35,721 36,471 37,237
1302 Outhoomphone 108 10,787 69,025 12,047 12,384 12,719 13,062 13,415 13,777 14,149 14,502 14,865 15,237 15,618 16,008 16,376 16,753 17,138 17,532 17,936 18,312 18,697 19,089 19,490 19,900
1303 Atsaphangthong 123 7,697 48,743 8,596 8,837 9,075 9,320 9,572 9,830 10,096 10,348 10,607 10,872 11,144 11,422 11,685 11,954 12,229 12,510 12,798 13,067 13,341 13,621 13,907 14,199
1304 Phine 143 5,971 40,994 6,668 6,855 7,040 7,230 7,425 7,626 7,832 8,028 8,228 8,434 8,645 8,861 9,065 9,273 9,487 9,705 9,928 10,137 10,349 10,567 10,789 11,015
1305 Sepone 161 6,399 35,731 7,146 7,346 7,545 7,749 7,958 8,173 8,393 8,603 8,818 9,039 9,265 9,496 9,715 9,938 10,167 10,400 10,640 10,863 11,091 11,324 11,562 11,805
1306 Nong 98 2,766 16,723 3,089 3,176 3,261 3,349 3,440 3,533 3,628 3,719 3,812 3,907 4,005 4,105 4,199 4,296 4,395 4,496 4,599 4,696 4,794 4,895 4,998 5,103
1307 Thapangthong 83 3,353 24,011 3,745 3,849 3,953 4,060 4,170 4,282 4,398 4,508 4,621 4,736 4,855 4,976 5,090 5,207 5,327 5,450 5,575 5,692 5,812 5,934 6,058 6,186
1308 Songkhone 162 13,223 81,864 14,767 15,181 15,591 16,012 16,444 16,888 17,344 17,778 18,222 18,678 19,144 19,623 20,074 20,536 21,008 21,492 21,986 22,448 22,919 23,400 23,892 24,393
1309 Champhone 167 13,806 86,550 15,418 15,850 16,278 16,718 17,169 17,633 18,109 18,561 19,025 19,501 19,989 20,488 20,959 21,442 21,935 22,439 22,955 23,437 23,930 24,432 24,945 25,469
1310 Xonbuly 97 5,044 34,602 5,633 5,791 5,947 6,108 6,273 6,442 6,616 6,781 6,951 7,125 7,303 7,485 7,658 7,834 8,014 8,198 8,387 8,563 8,743 8,926 9,114 9,305
1311 Xaybuly 88 7,112 42,936 7,943 8,165 8,385 8,612 8,844 9,083 9,328 9,562 9,801 10,046 10,297 10,554 10,797 11,045 11,299 11,559 11,825 12,073 12,327 12,586 12,850 13,120
1312 Vilabuly 112 3,957 24,560 4,419 4,543 4,666 4,792 4,921 5,054 5,190 5,320 5,453 5,589 5,729 5,872 6,007 6,145 6,287 6,431 6,579 6,717 6,859 7,003 7,150 7,300
1313 Atsaphone 97 6,546 41,123 7,311 7,515 7,718 7,927 8,141 8,360 8,586 8,801 9,021 9,246 9,477 9,714 9,938 10,166 10,400 10,639 10,884 11,113 11,346 11,584 11,828 12,076
14 Saravane Sub-total 731 42,378 256,231 46,960 48,181 49,386 50,620 51,886 53,183 54,513 55,766 57,049 58,361 59,703 61,077 62,359 63,669 65,006 66,371 67,765 69,052 70,364 71,701 73,063 74,452
1401 Saravane 163 10,233 66,096 11,339 11,634 11,925 12,223 12,529 12,842 13,163 13,466 13,776 14,092 14,417 14,748 15,058 15,374 15,697 16,027 16,363 16,674 16,991 17,314 17,643 17,978
1402 Ta oi 64 3,033 19,799 3,361 3,448 3,535 3,623 3,713 3,806 3,901 3,991 4,083 4,177 4,273 4,371 4,463 4,557 4,652 4,750 4,850 4,942 5,036 5,132 5,229 5,329
1403 Toomlarn 67 1,985 16,262 2,200 2,257 2,313 2,371 2,430 2,491 2,553 2,612 2,672 2,734 2,797 2,861 2,921 2,982 3,045 3,109 3,174 3,234 3,296 3,359 3,422 3,487
1404 Lakhonepheng 98 5,484 30,480 6,077 6,235 6,391 6,551 6,714 6,882 7,054 7,217 7,383 7,552 7,726 7,904 8,070 8,239 8,412 8,589 8,769 8,936 9,106 9,279 9,455 9,635
1405 Vapy 64 4,516 26,755 5,004 5,134 5,263 5,394 5,529 5,667 5,809 5,943 6,079 6,219 6,362 6,509 6,645 6,785 6,927 7,073 7,221 7,359 7,498 7,641 7,786 7,934
1406 Khongxedone 107 8,011 46,252 8,877 9,108 9,336 9,569 9,808 10,054 10,305 10,542 10,784 11,032 11,286 11,546 11,788 12,036 12,288 12,547 12,810 13,053 13,301 13,554 13,812 14,074
1407 Lao ngarm 111 7,781 42,938 8,622 8,847 9,068 9,294 9,527 9,765 10,009 10,239 10,475 10,716 10,962 11,214 11,450 11,690 11,936 12,186 12,442 12,679 12,920 13,165 13,415 13,670
1408 Samuoi 57 1,335 7,649 1,479 1,518 1,556 1,595 1,635 1,675 1,717 1,757 1,797 1,839 1,881 1,924 1,964 2,006 2,048 2,091 2,135 2,175 2,217 2,259 2,302 2,345
15 Sekong Sub-total 278 9,533 64,170 10,319 10,525 10,725 10,929 11,137 11,348 11,564 11,760 11,960 12,164 12,370 12,581 12,769 12,961 13,155 13,353 13,553 13,729 13,908 14,088 14,272 14,457
1501 Lamarm 40 2,659 18,237 2,878 2,936 2,992 3,048 3,106 3,165 3,225 3,280 3,336 3,393 3,450 3,509 3,562 3,615 3,669 3,724 3,780 3,829 3,879 3,930 3,981 4,032
1502 Kaleum 68 2,004 13,746 2,169 2,213 2,255 2,297 2,341 2,386 2,431 2,472 2,514 2,557 2,600 2,645 2,684 2,725 2,765 2,807 2,849 2,886 2,924 2,962 3,000 3,039
1503 Dakcheung 120 2,424 16,949 2,624 2,676 2,727 2,779 2,832 2,886 2,940 2,990 3,041 3,093 3,145 3,199 3,247 3,296 3,345 3,395 3,446 3,491 3,536 3,582 3,629 3,676
1504 Thateng 50 2,446 15,238 2,648 2,701 2,752 2,804 2,857 2,912 2,967 3,018 3,069 3,121 3,174 3,228 3,276 3,326 3,375 3,426 3,477 3,523 3,568 3,615 3,662 3,709
16 Champasack Sub-total 896 84,817 501,387 94,723 97,375 100,004 102,704 105,477 108,325 111,250 114,031 116,882 119,804 122,799 125,869 128,764 131,726 134,756 137,855 141,026 143,987 147,011 150,098 153,250 156,468
1601 Pakse 54 10,484 65,220 11,708 12,036 12,361 12,695 13,038 13,390 13,751 14,095 14,447 14,809 15,179 15,558 15,916 16,282 16,657 17,040 17,432 17,798 18,172 18,553 18,943 19,341
1602 Sannasomboon 85 9,743 55,716 10,881 11,186 11,488 11,798 12,116 12,443 12,779 13,099 13,426 13,762 14,106 14,459 14,791 15,131 15,479 15,836 16,200 16,540 16,887 17,242 17,604 17,974
1603 Bachiangchaleunsook 94 6,286 34,354 7,020 7,217 7,412 7,612 7,817 8,028 8,245 8,451 8,662 8,879 9,101 9,328 9,543 9,763 9,987 10,217 10,452 10,671 10,895 11,124 11,358 11,596
1604 Pakxong 105 7,549 44,518 8,431 8,667 8,901 9,141 9,388 9,641 9,902 10,149 10,403 10,663 10,930 11,203 11,460 11,724 11,994 12,270 12,552 12,815 13,084 13,359 13,640 13,926
1605 Pathoomphone 93 7,376 43,142 8,237 8,468 8,697 8,932 9,173 9,420 9,675 9,917 10,165 10,419 10,679 10,946 11,198 11,455 11,719 11,988 12,264 12,522 12,785 13,053 13,327 13,607
1606 Phonthong 117 12,098 73,704 13,511 13,889 14,264 14,649 15,045 15,451 15,868 16,265 16,672 17,088 17,516 17,954 18,366 18,789 19,221 19,663 20,115 20,538 20,969 21,409 21,859 22,318
1607 Champasack 92 8,179 49,242 9,134 9,390 9,644 9,904 10,171 10,446 10,728 10,996 11,271 11,553 11,842 12,138 12,417 12,702 12,995 13,294 13,599 13,885 14,176 14,474 14,778 15,088
1608 Sukhuma 60 6,368 38,051 7,112 7,311 7,508 7,711 7,919 8,133 8,353 8,561 8,775 8,995 9,220 9,450 9,668 9,890 10,117 10,350 10,588 10,810 11,037 11,269 11,506 11,748
1609 Moonlapamok 65 5,369 32,228 5,996 6,164 6,330 6,501 6,677 6,857 7,042 7,218 7,399 7,584 7,773 7,968 8,151 8,338 8,530 8,726 8,927 9,115 9,306 9,501 9,701 9,905
1610 Khong 131 11,365 65,212 12,692 13,048 13,400 13,762 14,133 14,515 14,907 15,280 15,662 16,053 16,454 16,866 17,254 17,651 18,056 18,472 18,897 19,293 19,699 20,112 20,535 20,966
17 Attapeu Sub-total 188 15,103 87,229 16,541 16,922 17,294 17,674 18,063 18,461 18,867 19,244 19,629 20,021 20,422 20,830 21,205 21,587 21,976 22,371 22,774 23,138 23,508 23,885 24,267 24,655
1701 Xaysetha 32 4,352 25,691 4,766 4,876 4,983 5,093 5,205 5,319 5,437 5,545 5,656 5,769 5,885 6,002 6,110 6,220 6,332 6,446 6,562 6,667 6,774 6,882 6,993 7,104
1702 Samakkhixay 23 3,245 19,331 3,554 3,636 3,716 3,797 3,881 3,966 4,054 4,135 4,217 4,302 4,388 4,476 4,556 4,638 4,722 4,807 4,893 4,971 5,051 5,132 5,214 5,297
1703 Sanamxay 50 3,464 19,627 3,794 3,881 3,966 4,054 4,143 4,234 4,327 4,414 4,502 4,592 4,684 4,778 4,864 4,951 5,040 5,131 5,223 5,307 5,392 5,478 5,566 5,655
1704 Sanxay 56 2,271 12,252 2,487 2,544 2,600 2,658 2,716 2,776 2,837 2,894 2,952 3,011 3,071 3,132 3,189 3,246 3,304 3,364 3,424 3,479 3,535 3,591 3,649 3,707
1705 Phouvong 27 1,771 10,328 1,940 1,984 2,028 2,073 2,118 2,165 2,212 2,257 2,302 2,348 2,395 2,443 2,487 2,531 2,577 2,623 2,670 2,713 2,757 2,801 2,846 2,891
18 Xaysomboon Sub-total 137 8,298 54,068 9,017 9,207 9,391 9,579 9,770 9,966 10,165 10,348 10,534 10,724 10,917 11,113 11,291 11,472 11,655 11,842 12,031 12,200 12,370 12,544 12,719 12,897
1801 Sayxomboun 27 1,771 11,614 1,925 1,965 2,004 2,044 2,085 2,127 2,169 2,208 2,248 2,289 2,330 2,372 2,410 2,448 2,488 2,527 2,568 2,604 2,640 2,677 2,715 2,753
1802 Thathom 30 1,352 9,737 1,469 1,500 1,530 1,561 1,592 1,624 1,656 1,686 1,716 1,747 1,779 1,811 1,840 1,869 1,899 1,929 1,960 1,988 2,016 2,044 2,072 2,101
1803 Longsane 34 2,790 18,635 3,032 3,096 3,157 3,221 3,285 3,351 3,418 3,479 3,542 3,606 3,670 3,737 3,796 3,857 3,919 3,982 4,045 4,102 4,159 4,217 4,277 4,336
1804 Hom 28 1,232 7,442 1,339 1,367 1,394 1,422 1,451 1,480 1,509 1,536 1,564 1,592 1,621 1,650 1,676 1,703 1,730 1,758 1,786 1,811 1,837 1,862 1,888 1,915
1805 Phun 18 1,153 6,640 1,253 1,279 1,305 1,331 1,358 1,385 1,412 1,438 1,464 1,490 1,517 1,544 1,569 1,594 1,619 1,645 1,672 1,695 1,719 1,743 1,767 1,792
Grand Total 11,797 753,948 4,575,544 832,101 852,900 873,378 894,359 915,856 937,882 960,449 981,651 1,003,334 1,025,510 1,048,188 1,071,383 1,092,961 1,114,989 1,137,475 1,160,430 1,183,863 1,205,417 1,227,380 1,249,759 1,272,563 1,295,799
Notes: Nos. of household and population in 1995 for Huaphan and Vientiane provinces were adjusted according to the MIH data to meet the existing numbers of district which has been increased after 1995
Table 5.4-3 Number of Households by District (Urban Area)
Population Cesus 1995 Number of Household (Urban Area)
0101 Chanthabuly 37 10,203 58,855 7,253 7,477 7,702 7,933 8,171 8,416 8,668 8,911 9,161 9,417 9,681 9,952 10,211 10,476 10,748 11,028 11,315 11,586 11,864 12,149 12,441 12,739
0102 Sikhottabong 59 12,612 74,251 8,965 9,243 9,520 9,806 10,100 10,403 10,715 11,015 11,323 11,641 11,966 12,302 12,621 12,950 13,286 13,632 13,986 14,322 14,665 15,017 15,378 15,747
0103 Xaysetha 51 12,562 75,255 8,929 9,206 9,482 9,767 10,060 10,362 10,673 10,971 11,279 11,594 11,919 12,253 12,571 12,898 13,234 13,578 13,931 14,265 14,607 14,958 15,317 15,684
0104 Sisattanak 40 9,850 58,178 7,002 7,219 7,435 7,658 7,888 8,125 8,368 8,603 8,844 9,091 9,346 9,608 9,857 10,114 10,377 10,646 10,923 11,185 11,454 11,729 12,010 12,298
0105 Naxaithong 55 7,600 44,104 5,402 5,570 5,737 5,909 6,086 6,269 6,457 6,638 6,824 7,015 7,211 7,413 7,606 7,803 8,006 8,214 8,428 8,630 8,837 9,050 9,267 9,489
0106 Xaythany 99 16,512 97,829 11,737 12,101 12,464 12,838 13,223 13,620 14,028 14,421 14,825 15,240 15,667 16,106 16,524 16,954 17,395 17,847 18,311 18,750 19,200 19,661 20,133 20,616
0107 Hadxaifong 57 11,933 64,962 8,482 8,745 9,008 9,278 9,556 9,843 10,138 10,422 10,714 11,014 11,322 11,639 11,942 12,252 12,571 12,898 13,233 13,551 13,876 14,209 14,550 14,899
0108 Sangthong 35 2,928 16,728 2,081 2,146 2,210 2,277 2,345 2,415 2,488 2,557 2,629 2,702 2,778 2,856 2,930 3,006 3,085 3,165 3,247 3,325 3,405 3,486 3,570 3,656
0109 Mayparkngum 53 5,933 33,945 4,217 4,348 4,479 4,613 4,751 4,894 5,041 5,182 5,327 5,476 5,629 5,787 5,937 6,092 6,250 6,413 6,579 6,737 6,899 7,065 7,234 7,408
0201 Phongsaly 93 4,605 25,823 335 342 349 356 363 370 377 384 391 398 405 413 419 426 433 440 447 453 459 466 472 479
0202 May 118 3,645 23,005 265 271 276 282 287 293 299 304 310 315 321 327 332 337 343 348 354 359 364 369 374 379
0203 Khua 134 4,874 28,244 354 362 369 376 384 392 399 407 414 421 429 437 444 451 458 465 473 479 486 493 500 507
0204 Samphanh 93 3,884 25,101 282 288 294 300 306 312 318 324 330 336 342 348 354 359 365 371 377 382 387 393 398 404
0205 Boon neua 67 2,399 14,083 174 178 182 185 189 193 197 200 204 207 211 215 218 222 225 229 233 236 239 243 246 249
0206 Ngot ou 100 3,633 24,133 264 270 275 281 286 292 298 303 309 314 320 326 331 336 341 347 352 357 362 367 373 378
0207 Boontai 58 2,128 12,459 155 158 161 164 168 171 174 178 181 184 187 191 194 197 200 203 206 209 212 215 218 221
0301 Namtha 80 5,662 35,408 971 991 1,011 1,031 1,052 1,073 1,094 1,114 1,134 1,154 1,175 1,196 1,215 1,235 1,255 1,275 1,295 1,313 1,332 1,350 1,369 1,388
0302 Sing 110 4,316 22,467 740 755 771 786 802 818 834 849 864 880 896 912 926 941 956 972 987 1,001 1,015 1,029 1,044 1,058
0303 Long 129 4,001 21,357 686 700 714 729 743 758 773 787 801 816 830 845 859 873 887 901 915 928 941 954 967 981
0304 Vienphoukha 65 2,781 14,871 477 487 496 506 517 527 537 547 557 567 577 588 597 607 616 626 636 645 654 663 672 682
0305 Nalae 103 3,753 20,638 643 657 670 683 697 711 725 738 752 765 779 793 806 818 832 845 858 870 883 895 908 920
04 Oudomxay Sub-total 804 33,236 210,207 5,743 5,887 6,028 6,173 6,321 6,473 6,628 6,774 6,923 7,075 7,231 7,390 7,538 7,688 7,842 7,999 8,159 8,306 8,455 8,607 8,762 8,920
0401 Xay 174 7,626 48,197 1,318 1,351 1,383 1,416 1,450 1,485 1,521 1,554 1,588 1,623 1,659 1,696 1,729 1,764 1,799 1,835 1,872 1,906 1,940 1,975 2,011 2,047
0402 La 70 2,412 14,565 417 427 437 448 459 470 481 492 502 513 525 536 547 558 569 580 592 603 614 625 636 647
0403 Namor 105 3,899 25,419 674 691 707 724 742 759 778 795 812 830 848 867 884 902 920 938 957 974 992 1,010 1,028 1,046
0404 Nga 101 3,770 24,198 651 668 684 700 717 734 752 768 785 803 820 838 855 872 890 907 925 942 959 976 994 1,012
0405 Beng 99 4,236 26,902 732 750 768 787 806 825 845 863 882 902 922 942 961 980 999 1,019 1,040 1,059 1,078 1,097 1,117 1,137
0406 Hoon 174 7,807 48,195 1,349 1,383 1,416 1,450 1,485 1,520 1,557 1,591 1,626 1,662 1,698 1,736 1,771 1,806 1,842 1,879 1,916 1,951 1,986 2,022 2,058 2,095
0407 Pakbeng 81 3,486 22,731 602 617 632 647 663 679 695 710 726 742 758 775 791 806 823 839 856 871 887 903 919 936
05 Bokeo Sub-total 397 19,687 113,612 1,195 1,217 1,238 1,259 1,280 1,302 1,324 1,344 1,364 1,384 1,405 1,426 1,445 1,463 1,483 1,502 1,521 1,538 1,555 1,572 1,589 1,607
0501 Huoixai 140 7,692 44,204 467 475 484 492 500 509 517 525 533 541 549 557 564 572 579 587 594 601 608 614 621 628
0502 Tonpheung 59 3,618 19,704 220 224 227 231 235 239 243 247 251 254 258 262 266 269 272 276 280 283 286 289 292 295
0503 Meung 43 1,419 7,770 86 88 89 91 92 94 95 97 98 100 101 103 104 105 107 108 110 111 112 113 115 116
0504 Pha oudom 108 4,502 26,408 273 278 283 288 293 298 303 307 312 317 321 326 330 335 339 343 348 352 356 359 363 367
0505 Paktha 47 2,456 15,526 149 152 154 157 160 162 165 168 170 173 175 178 180 183 185 187 190 192 194 196 198 200
0601 Luangprabang 132 10,581 63,765 1,296 1,325 1,354 1,384 1,415 1,446 1,478 1,507 1,537 1,568 1,599 1,631 1,661 1,691 1,721 1,752 1,784 1,812 1,841 1,871 1,901 1,931
0602 Xieng ngeun 109 5,666 34,266 694 710 725 741 758 774 791 807 823 840 857 874 889 905 922 938 955 970 986 1,002 1,018 1,034
0603 Nan 82 4,690 28,321 574 587 600 614 627 641 655 668 681 695 709 723 736 749 763 777 791 803 816 829 842 856
0604 Park ou 76 3,624 21,242 444 454 464 474 485 495 506 516 527 537 548 559 569 579 590 600 611 621 631 641 651 661
0605 Nam bak 161 7,554 47,082 925 946 967 988 1,010 1,032 1,055 1,076 1,098 1,120 1,142 1,165 1,186 1,207 1,229 1,251 1,273 1,294 1,314 1,336 1,357 1,379
0606 Ngoi 163 6,366 39,772 779 797 815 833 851 870 889 907 925 943 962 982 999 1,017 1,036 1,054 1,073 1,090 1,108 1,125 1,143 1,162
0607 Pak xeng 116 4,259 25,889 521 533 545 557 569 582 595 607 619 631 644 657 669 681 693 705 718 729 741 753 765 777
0608 Phonxay 92 3,794 24,525 465 475 486 496 507 518 530 540 551 562 574 585 596 606 617 628 640 650 660 671 681 692
0609 Chomphet 87 4,333 24,859 531 543 555 567 579 592 605 617 630 642 655 668 680 692 705 718 730 742 754 766 778 791
0610 Viengkham 148 6,211 38,931 760 778 795 813 830 849 867 885 902 920 939 958 975 992 1,010 1,029 1,047 1,064 1,081 1,098 1,116 1,134
0611 Phoukhoue 48 2,442 16,188 299 306 313 319 327 334 341 348 355 362 369 377 383 390 397 404 412 418 425 432 439 446
0701 Xamneua 156 6,759 45,836 464 474 484 494 504 515 526 536 546 556 567 578 587 597 608 618 628 638 647 657 667 677
0702 Xieng khor 85 3,805 26,039 261 267 272 278 284 290 296 302 307 313 319 325 331 336 342 348 354 359 364 370 375 381
0703 Viengthong 86 3,139 20,352 215 220 225 229 234 239 244 249 254 258 263 268 273 277 282 287 292 296 301 305 310 314
0704 Viengxay 127 4,833 32,873 332 339 346 353 361 368 376 383 390 398 405 413 420 427 434 442 449 456 463 470 477 484
0705 Huameuang 94 3,448 23,665 237 242 247 252 257 263 268 273 278 284 289 295 300 305 310 315 321 325 330 335 340 345
0706 Xamtay 217 6,897 47,084 473 483 494 504 515 525 536 547 557 568 578 589 599 610 620 630 641 651 661 670 681 691
0707 Sopbao 72 3,228 22,101 221 226 231 236 241 246 251 256 261 266 271 276 281 285 290 295 300 305 309 314 319 323
0708 Add 88 3,900 26,701 268 273 279 285 291 297 303 309 315 321 327 333 339 345 351 357 363 368 374 379 385 391
0801 Xayabury 118 9,526 60,153 852 870 888 905 924 942 961 978 996 1,014 1,032 1,051 1,067 1,084 1,102 1,119 1,137 1,153 1,169 1,186 1,202 1,219
0802 Khop 65 6,539 40,246 585 597 609 622 634 647 660 671 684 696 708 721 733 744 756 768 781 792 803 814 825 837
0803 Hongsa 90 10,284 61,509 920 940 958 978 997 1,017 1,037 1,056 1,075 1,094 1,114 1,134 1,152 1,171 1,189 1,208 1,228 1,245 1,262 1,280 1,298 1,316
0804 Ngeun 58 6,443 32,933 577 589 600 612 625 637 650 662 674 686 698 711 722 733 745 757 769 780 791 802 813 825
0805 Xienghone 132 3,467 17,893 310 317 323 330 336 343 350 356 362 369 376 382 388 395 401 407 414 420 426 432 438 444
0806 Phiang 62 3,974 24,844 356 363 370 378 385 393 401 408 415 423 431 438 445 452 460 467 474 481 488 495 502 509
0807 Parklai 81 4,383 25,559 392 400 408 417 425 433 442 450 458 466 475 483 491 499 507 515 523 531 538 546 553 561
0808 Kenethao 38 2,741 16,007 245 250 255 261 266 271 276 281 287 292 297 302 307 312 317 322 327 332 336 341 346 351
0809 Botene 32 2,057 12,964 184 188 192 196 199 203 207 211 215 219 223 227 230 234 238 242 246 249 253 256 260 263
0901 Pek 96 8,723 57,273 808 828 848 869 889 911 933 953 974 996 1,017 1,040 1,061 1,082 1,103 1,126 1,148 1,169 1,190 1,211 1,233 1,255
0902 Kham 102 5,829 39,547 540 554 567 580 594 609 623 637 651 665 680 695 709 723 737 752 767 781 795 809 824 839
0903 Nonghed 115 4,632 33,354 429 440 450 461 472 484 495 506 517 529 540 552 563 574 586 598 610 621 632 643 655 667
0904 Khoune 88 4,207 29,060 390 399 409 419 429 439 450 460 470 480 491 501 512 522 532 543 554 564 574 584 595 605
0905 Morkmay 37 1,084 7,766 100 103 105 108 111 113 116 118 121 124 126 129 132 134 137 140 143 145 148 151 153 156
0906 Phookood 29 3,092 20,272 286 294 301 308 315 323 331 338 345 353 361 369 376 383 391 399 407 414 422 429 437 445
0907 Phaxay 38 2,005 13,347 186 190 195 200 204 209 214 219 224 229 234 239 244 249 254 259 264 269 273 278 283 289
1001 Phonhong 95 9,364 56,044 1,845 1,881 1,917 1,954 1,991 2,029 2,067 2,102 2,138 2,174 2,211 2,249 2,283 2,317 2,352 2,387 2,423 2,454 2,486 2,518 2,551 2,584
1002 Thoulakhom 60 7,574 48,131 1,492 1,522 1,551 1,580 1,610 1,641 1,672 1,700 1,729 1,759 1,788 1,819 1,846 1,874 1,902 1,931 1,959 1,985 2,011 2,037 2,063 2,090
1003 Keo oudom 32 2,996 18,493 590 602 613 625 637 649 661 673 684 696 708 720 730 741 752 764 775 785 795 806 816 827
1004 Kaxy 50 3,386 21,218 667 680 693 706 720 734 747 760 773 786 800 813 825 838 850 863 876 887 899 911 923 935
1005 Vangvieng 90 7,596 49,008 1,496 1,526 1,555 1,585 1,615 1,645 1,677 1,705 1,734 1,764 1,794 1,824 1,852 1,879 1,908 1,936 1,965 1,991 2,017 2,043 2,069 2,096
1006 Feuang 44 5,632 29,837 1,109 1,132 1,153 1,175 1,197 1,220 1,243 1,264 1,286 1,308 1,330 1,353 1,373 1,394 1,414 1,436 1,457 1,476 1,495 1,515 1,534 1,554
1007 Xanakharm 57 5,581 31,819 1,099 1,121 1,143 1,164 1,186 1,209 1,232 1,253 1,274 1,296 1,318 1,340 1,360 1,381 1,402 1,423 1,444 1,463 1,482 1,501 1,520 1,540
1008 Mad 28 1,198 8,141 236 241 245 250 255 260 265 269 274 278 283 288 292 297 301 305 310 314 318 322 327 331
1009 Hinhurp 16 2,174 13,335 428 437 445 453 462 471 480 488 496 505 513 522 530 538 546 554 562 570 577 585 592 600
1010 Viengkham 25 1,932 10,538 381 388 396 403 411 419 427 434 441 449 456 464 471 478 485 493 500 506 513 520 526 533
1101 Pakxanh 77 5,834 35,223 433 442 451 460 470 479 489 497 506 515 525 534 543 551 560 569 578 586 595 603 611 620
1102 Thaphabath 31 3,459 19,976 257 262 268 273 278 284 290 295 300 306 311 317 322 327 332 337 343 348 352 357 362 368
1103 Pakkading 57 4,988 29,374 371 378 386 394 401 409 418 425 433 441 449 457 464 471 479 487 494 501 508 515 523 530
1104 Bolikhanh 38 2,421 14,970 180 184 187 191 195 199 203 206 210 214 218 222 225 229 232 236 240 243 247 250 254 257
1105 Khamkheuth 201 7,418 47,758 551 563 574 585 597 609 621 632 644 655 667 679 690 701 712 724 735 746 756 767 777 788
1106 Viengthong 58 2,534 16,288 188 192 196 200 204 208 212 216 220 224 228 232 236 239 243 247 251 255 258 262 266 269
1201 Thakhek 133 12,292 68,432 1,832 1,878 1,923 1,969 2,016 2,065 2,114 2,161 2,208 2,257 2,307 2,357 2,404 2,453 2,502 2,552 2,603 2,650 2,697 2,746 2,795 2,846
1202 Mahaxay 90 4,387 22,982 654 670 686 703 720 737 755 771 788 805 823 841 858 875 893 911 929 946 963 980 998 1,016
1203 Nongbok 71 6,703 39,144 999 1,024 1,049 1,074 1,100 1,126 1,153 1,178 1,204 1,231 1,258 1,285 1,311 1,337 1,364 1,391 1,419 1,445 1,471 1,497 1,524 1,552
1204 Hinboon 164 9,192 50,778 1,370 1,404 1,438 1,472 1,508 1,544 1,581 1,616 1,651 1,688 1,725 1,763 1,798 1,834 1,871 1,908 1,946 1,981 2,017 2,053 2,090 2,128
1205 Ngommalath 85 4,334 21,754 646 662 678 694 711 728 745 762 779 796 813 831 848 865 882 900 918 934 951 968 986 1,003
1206 Bualapha 126 3,563 19,320 531 544 557 571 584 598 613 626 640 654 669 683 697 711 725 740 754 768 782 796 810 825
1207 Nakai 85 2,899 15,635 432 443 454 464 476 487 499 510 521 532 544 556 567 578 590 602 614 625 636 648 659 671
1208 Xebangfay 49 3,555 19,862 530 543 556 569 583 597 611 625 639 653 667 682 695 709 724 738 753 766 780 794 808 823
1209 Xaybuathong 71 2,709 14,908 404 414 424 434 444 455 466 476 487 497 508 520 530 541 551 562 574 584 594 605 616 627
1301 Khanthabouly 137 20,185 124,896 3,468 3,565 3,661 3,760 3,862 3,966 4,073 4,175 4,279 4,386 4,496 4,608 4,714 4,823 4,934 5,047 5,163 5,272 5,383 5,496 5,611 5,729
1302 Outhoomphone 108 10,787 69,025 1,853 1,905 1,957 2,010 2,064 2,120 2,177 2,231 2,287 2,344 2,403 2,463 2,519 2,577 2,637 2,697 2,759 2,817 2,876 2,937 2,999 3,062
1303 Atsaphangthong 123 7,697 48,743 1,322 1,359 1,396 1,434 1,473 1,512 1,553 1,592 1,632 1,673 1,714 1,757 1,798 1,839 1,881 1,925 1,969 2,010 2,052 2,096 2,140 2,185
1304 Phine 143 5,971 40,994 1,026 1,055 1,083 1,112 1,142 1,173 1,205 1,235 1,266 1,298 1,330 1,363 1,395 1,427 1,459 1,493 1,527 1,559 1,592 1,626 1,660 1,695
1305 Sepone 161 6,399 35,731 1,099 1,130 1,161 1,192 1,224 1,257 1,291 1,324 1,357 1,391 1,425 1,461 1,495 1,529 1,564 1,600 1,637 1,671 1,706 1,742 1,779 1,816
1306 Nong 98 2,766 16,723 475 489 502 515 529 543 558 572 586 601 616 632 646 661 676 692 708 722 738 753 769 785
1307 Thapangthong 83 3,353 24,011 576 592 608 625 642 659 677 694 711 729 747 766 783 801 820 838 858 876 894 913 932 952
1308 Songkhone 162 13,223 81,864 2,272 2,336 2,399 2,463 2,530 2,598 2,668 2,735 2,803 2,873 2,945 3,019 3,088 3,159 3,232 3,306 3,382 3,454 3,526 3,600 3,676 3,753
1309 Champhone 167 13,806 86,550 2,372 2,439 2,504 2,572 2,641 2,713 2,786 2,856 2,927 3,000 3,075 3,152 3,225 3,299 3,375 3,452 3,532 3,606 3,682 3,759 3,838 3,918
1310 Xonbuly 97 5,044 34,602 867 891 915 940 965 991 1,018 1,043 1,069 1,096 1,124 1,152 1,178 1,205 1,233 1,261 1,290 1,317 1,345 1,373 1,402 1,432
1311 Xaybuly 88 7,112 42,936 1,222 1,256 1,290 1,325 1,361 1,397 1,435 1,471 1,508 1,546 1,584 1,624 1,661 1,699 1,738 1,778 1,819 1,857 1,896 1,936 1,977 2,018
1312 Vilabuly 112 3,957 24,560 680 699 718 737 757 778 798 818 839 860 881 903 924 945 967 989 1,012 1,033 1,055 1,077 1,100 1,123
1313 Atsaphone 97 6,546 41,123 1,125 1,156 1,187 1,219 1,252 1,286 1,321 1,354 1,388 1,423 1,458 1,495 1,529 1,564 1,600 1,637 1,674 1,710 1,746 1,782 1,820 1,858
1401 Saravane 163 10,233 66,096 784 805 825 845 867 888 910 931 953 975 997 1,020 1,041 1,063 1,086 1,108 1,132 1,153 1,175 1,197 1,220 1,243
1402 Ta oi 64 3,033 19,799 232 238 244 251 257 263 270 276 282 289 296 302 309 315 322 329 335 342 348 355 362 369
1403 Toomlarn 67 1,985 16,262 152 156 160 164 168 172 177 181 185 189 193 198 202 206 211 215 220 224 228 232 237 241
1404 Lakhonepheng 98 5,484 30,480 420 431 442 453 464 476 488 499 511 522 534 547 558 570 582 594 607 618 630 642 654 666
1405 Vapy 64 4,516 26,755 346 355 364 373 382 392 402 411 420 430 440 450 460 469 479 489 499 509 519 528 539 549
1406 Khongxedone 107 8,011 46,252 614 630 646 662 678 695 713 729 746 763 781 799 815 832 850 868 886 903 920 937 955 973
1407 Lao ngarm 111 7,781 42,938 596 612 627 643 659 675 692 708 724 741 758 776 792 809 826 843 861 877 894 911 928 945
1408 Samuoi 57 1,335 7,649 102 105 108 110 113 116 119 122 124 127 130 133 136 139 142 145 148 150 153 156 159 162
15 Sekong Sub-total 278 9,533 64,170 1,781 1,816 1,851 1,886 1,922 1,958 1,995 2,029 2,064 2,099 2,135 2,171 2,203 2,237 2,270 2,304 2,339 2,369 2,400 2,431 2,463 2,495
1501 Lamarm 40 2,659 18,237 497 507 516 526 536 546 557 566 576 585 595 606 615 624 633 643 652 661 669 678 687 696
1502 Kaleum 68 2,004 13,746 374 382 389 396 404 412 419 427 434 441 449 456 463 470 477 484 492 498 504 511 518 524
1503 Dakcheung 120 2,424 16,949 453 462 471 480 489 498 507 516 525 534 543 552 560 569 577 586 595 602 610 618 626 634
1504 Thateng 50 2,446 15,238 457 466 475 484 493 502 512 521 530 539 548 557 565 574 582 591 600 608 616 624 632 640
1601 Pakse 54 10,484 65,220 1,500 1,542 1,584 1,626 1,670 1,715 1,762 1,806 1,851 1,897 1,945 1,993 2,039 2,086 2,134 2,183 2,233 2,280 2,328 2,377 2,427 2,478
1602 Sannasomboon 85 9,743 55,716 1,394 1,433 1,472 1,511 1,552 1,594 1,637 1,678 1,720 1,763 1,807 1,852 1,895 1,939 1,983 2,029 2,075 2,119 2,163 2,209 2,255 2,303
1603 Bachiangchaleunsoo 94 6,286 34,354 899 925 950 975 1,001 1,029 1,056 1,083 1,110 1,137 1,166 1,195 1,223 1,251 1,279 1,309 1,339 1,367 1,396 1,425 1,455 1,486
1604 Pakxong 105 7,549 44,518 1,080 1,110 1,140 1,171 1,203 1,235 1,269 1,300 1,333 1,366 1,400 1,435 1,468 1,502 1,537 1,572 1,608 1,642 1,676 1,711 1,747 1,784
1605 Pathoomphone 93 7,376 43,142 1,055 1,085 1,114 1,144 1,175 1,207 1,239 1,270 1,302 1,335 1,368 1,402 1,435 1,468 1,501 1,536 1,571 1,604 1,638 1,672 1,707 1,743
1606 Phonthong 117 12,098 73,704 1,731 1,779 1,827 1,877 1,927 1,979 2,033 2,084 2,136 2,189 2,244 2,300 2,353 2,407 2,462 2,519 2,577 2,631 2,686 2,743 2,800 2,859
1607 Champasack 92 8,179 49,242 1,170 1,203 1,235 1,269 1,303 1,338 1,374 1,409 1,444 1,480 1,517 1,555 1,591 1,627 1,665 1,703 1,742 1,779 1,816 1,854 1,893 1,933
1608 Sukhuma 60 6,368 38,051 911 937 962 988 1,015 1,042 1,070 1,097 1,124 1,152 1,181 1,211 1,239 1,267 1,296 1,326 1,356 1,385 1,414 1,444 1,474 1,505
1609 Moonlapamok 65 5,369 32,228 768 790 811 833 855 878 902 925 948 972 996 1,021 1,044 1,068 1,093 1,118 1,144 1,168 1,192 1,217 1,243 1,269
1610 Khong 131 11,365 65,212 1,626 1,672 1,717 1,763 1,811 1,860 1,910 1,957 2,006 2,057 2,108 2,161 2,210 2,261 2,313 2,366 2,421 2,472 2,524 2,577 2,631 2,686
17 Attapeu Sub-total 188 15,103 87,229 866 886 906 926 946 967 988 1,008 1,028 1,049 1,070 1,091 1,111 1,131 1,151 1,172 1,193 1,212 1,231 1,251 1,271 1,291
1701 Xaysetha 32 4,352 25,691 250 255 261 267 273 279 285 290 296 302 308 314 320 326 332 338 344 349 355 360 366 372
1702 Samakkhixay 23 3,245 19,331 186 190 195 199 203 208 212 217 221 225 230 234 239 243 247 252 256 260 265 269 273 277
1703 Sanamxay 50 3,464 19,627 199 203 208 212 217 222 227 231 236 241 245 250 255 259 264 269 274 278 282 287 291 296
1704 Sanxay 56 2,271 12,252 130 133 136 139 142 145 149 152 155 158 161 164 167 170 173 176 179 182 185 188 191 194
1705 Phouvong 27 1,771 10,328 102 104 106 109 111 113 116 118 121 123 125 128 130 133 135 137 140 142 144 147 149 151
18 Xaysomboon Sub-total 137 8,298 54,068 773 789 805 821 837 854 871 887 903 919 935 952 967 983 999 1,015 1,031 1,045 1,060 1,075 1,090 1,105
1801 Sayxomboun 27 1,771 11,614 165 168 172 175 179 182 186 189 193 196 200 203 206 210 213 217 220 223 226 229 233 236
1802 Thathom 30 1,352 9,737 126 129 131 134 136 139 142 144 147 150 152 155 158 160 163 165 168 170 173 175 178 180
1803 Longsane 34 2,790 18,635 260 265 271 276 281 287 293 298 303 309 315 320 325 330 336 341 347 351 356 361 366 372
1804 Hom 28 1,232 7,442 115 117 119 122 124 127 129 132 134 136 139 141 144 146 148 151 153 155 157 160 162 164
1805 Phun 18 1,153 6,640 107 110 112 114 116 119 121 123 125 128 130 132 134 137 139 141 143 145 147 149 151 154
Grand Total 11,797 753,948 4,575,544 149,155 153,225 157,255 161,394 165,644 170,009 174,492 178,746 183,107 187,577 192,160 196,857 201,278 205,801 210,429 215,165 220,010 224,528 229,142 233,854 238,667 243,582
Table 5.4-4 Number of Households by District (Rural Area)
Population Cesus 1995 Number of Household (Rural Area)
0101 Chanthabuly 37 10,203 58,855 4,276 4,408 4,540 4,677 4,817 4,961 5,110 5,253 5,400 5,552 5,707 5,867 6,019 6,176 6,337 6,501 6,670 6,830 6,994 7,162 7,334 7,510
0102 Sikhottabong 59 12,612 74,251 5,285 5,449 5,612 5,781 5,954 6,133 6,317 6,494 6,676 6,862 7,055 7,252 7,441 7,634 7,833 8,036 8,245 8,443 8,646 8,853 9,066 9,283
0103 Xaysetha 51 12,562 75,255 5,264 5,427 5,590 5,758 5,931 6,109 6,292 6,468 6,649 6,835 7,027 7,223 7,411 7,604 7,802 8,004 8,213 8,410 8,612 8,818 9,030 9,247
0104 Sisattanak 40 9,850 58,178 4,128 4,256 4,383 4,515 4,650 4,790 4,934 5,072 5,214 5,360 5,510 5,664 5,811 5,962 6,117 6,276 6,440 6,594 6,752 6,914 7,080 7,250
0105 Naxaithong 55 7,600 44,104 3,185 3,284 3,382 3,484 3,588 3,696 3,807 3,913 4,023 4,135 4,251 4,370 4,484 4,600 4,720 4,843 4,969 5,088 5,210 5,335 5,463 5,594
0106 Xaythany 99 16,512 97,829 6,919 7,134 7,348 7,568 7,796 8,029 8,270 8,502 8,740 8,985 9,236 9,495 9,742 9,995 10,255 10,521 10,795 11,054 11,319 11,591 11,869 12,154
0107 Hadxaifong 57 11,933 64,962 5,001 5,156 5,310 5,470 5,634 5,803 5,977 6,144 6,316 6,493 6,675 6,862 7,040 7,223 7,411 7,604 7,801 7,989 8,180 8,377 8,578 8,784
0108 Sangthong 35 2,928 16,728 1,227 1,265 1,303 1,342 1,382 1,424 1,467 1,508 1,550 1,593 1,638 1,684 1,727 1,772 1,818 1,866 1,914 1,960 2,007 2,055 2,105 2,155
0109 Mayparkngum 53 5,933 33,945 2,486 2,563 2,640 2,719 2,801 2,885 2,972 3,055 3,140 3,228 3,319 3,412 3,500 3,591 3,685 3,780 3,879 3,972 4,067 4,165 4,265 4,367
0201 Phongsaly 93 4,605 25,823 4,669 4,767 4,863 4,960 5,059 5,160 5,264 5,358 5,455 5,553 5,653 5,755 5,847 5,940 6,035 6,132 6,230 6,317 6,406 6,495 6,586 6,679
0202 May 118 3,645 23,005 3,696 3,774 3,849 3,926 4,005 4,085 4,166 4,241 4,318 4,395 4,474 4,555 4,628 4,702 4,777 4,854 4,931 5,000 5,070 5,141 5,213 5,286
0203 Khua 134 4,874 28,244 4,942 5,046 5,147 5,250 5,355 5,462 5,571 5,671 5,773 5,877 5,983 6,091 6,188 6,287 6,388 6,490 6,594 6,686 6,780 6,875 6,971 7,069
0204 Samphanh 93 3,884 25,101 3,938 4,021 4,101 4,183 4,267 4,352 4,439 4,519 4,601 4,684 4,768 4,854 4,931 5,010 5,090 5,172 5,255 5,328 5,403 5,478 5,555 5,633
0205 Boon neua 67 2,399 14,083 2,433 2,484 2,533 2,584 2,636 2,688 2,742 2,791 2,842 2,893 2,945 2,998 3,046 3,095 3,144 3,194 3,246 3,291 3,337 3,384 3,431 3,479
0206 Ngot ou 100 3,633 24,133 3,684 3,761 3,836 3,913 3,991 4,071 4,153 4,227 4,303 4,381 4,460 4,540 4,613 4,686 4,761 4,838 4,915 4,984 5,054 5,124 5,196 5,269
0207 Boontai 58 2,128 12,459 2,158 2,203 2,247 2,292 2,338 2,385 2,432 2,476 2,521 2,566 2,612 2,659 2,702 2,745 2,789 2,834 2,879 2,919 2,960 3,002 3,044 3,086
0301 Namtha 80 5,662 35,408 5,182 5,291 5,397 5,505 5,615 5,727 5,842 5,947 6,054 6,163 6,274 6,387 6,489 6,593 6,698 6,805 6,914 7,011 7,109 7,209 7,310 7,412
0302 Sing 110 4,316 22,467 3,950 4,033 4,114 4,196 4,280 4,366 4,453 4,533 4,615 4,698 4,782 4,868 4,946 5,025 5,106 5,188 5,271 5,344 5,419 5,495 5,572 5,650
0303 Long 129 4,001 21,357 3,662 3,739 3,814 3,890 3,968 4,047 4,128 4,202 4,278 4,355 4,433 4,513 4,585 4,659 4,733 4,809 4,886 4,954 5,024 5,094 5,165 5,238
0304 Vienphoukha 65 2,781 14,871 2,545 2,599 2,651 2,704 2,758 2,813 2,869 2,921 2,973 3,027 3,081 3,137 3,187 3,238 3,290 3,343 3,396 3,444 3,492 3,541 3,590 3,641
0305 Nalae 103 3,753 20,638 3,435 3,507 3,577 3,649 3,722 3,796 3,872 3,942 4,013 4,085 4,159 4,233 4,301 4,370 4,440 4,511 4,583 4,647 4,712 4,778 4,845 4,913
04 Oudomxai Sub-total 804 33,236 210,207 30,943 31,717 32,478 33,257 34,056 34,873 35,710 36,496 37,298 38,119 38,958 39,815 40,611 41,423 42,252 43,097 43,959 44,750 45,555 46,375 47,210 48,060
0401 Xay 174 7,626 48,197 7,100 7,277 7,452 7,631 7,814 8,002 8,194 8,374 8,558 8,746 8,939 9,135 9,318 9,505 9,695 9,889 10,086 10,268 10,453 10,641 10,832 11,027
0402 La 70 2,412 14,565 2,246 2,302 2,357 2,414 2,471 2,531 2,592 2,649 2,707 2,766 2,827 2,889 2,947 3,006 3,066 3,128 3,190 3,248 3,306 3,366 3,426 3,488
0403 Namor 105 3,899 25,419 3,630 3,721 3,810 3,902 3,995 4,091 4,189 4,281 4,376 4,472 4,570 4,671 4,764 4,859 4,957 5,056 5,157 5,250 5,344 5,440 5,538 5,638
0404 Nga 101 3,770 24,198 3,510 3,598 3,684 3,772 3,863 3,956 4,051 4,140 4,231 4,324 4,419 4,516 4,607 4,699 4,793 4,889 4,986 5,076 5,167 5,260 5,355 5,451
0405 Beng 99 4,236 26,902 3,944 4,042 4,139 4,239 4,340 4,445 4,551 4,651 4,754 4,858 4,965 5,074 5,176 5,279 5,385 5,493 5,603 5,703 5,806 5,911 6,017 6,125
0406 Hoon 174 7,807 48,195 7,268 7,450 7,629 7,812 8,000 8,192 8,388 8,573 8,761 8,954 9,151 9,352 9,539 9,730 9,925 10,123 10,326 10,512 10,701 10,893 11,089 11,289
0407 Pakbeng 81 3,486 22,731 3,246 3,327 3,406 3,488 3,572 3,658 3,745 3,828 3,912 3,998 4,086 4,176 4,260 4,345 4,432 4,520 4,611 4,694 4,778 4,864 4,952 5,041
05 Bokeo Sub-total 397 19,687 113,612 19,948 20,307 20,652 21,003 21,360 21,723 22,093 22,424 22,760 23,102 23,448 23,800 24,110 24,423 24,740 25,062 25,388 25,667 25,949 26,235 26,524 26,815
0501 Huoixai 140 7,692 44,204 7,794 7,934 8,069 8,206 8,346 8,488 8,632 8,761 8,893 9,026 9,162 9,299 9,420 9,542 9,666 9,792 9,919 10,029 10,139 10,250 10,363 10,477
0502 Tonpheung 59 3,618 19,704 3,666 3,732 3,795 3,860 3,926 3,992 4,060 4,121 4,183 4,246 4,309 4,374 4,431 4,488 4,547 4,606 4,666 4,717 4,769 4,821 4,874 4,928
0503 Meung 43 1,419 7,770 1,438 1,464 1,489 1,514 1,540 1,566 1,592 1,616 1,641 1,665 1,690 1,715 1,738 1,760 1,783 1,806 1,830 1,850 1,870 1,891 1,912 1,933
0504 Pha oudom 108 4,502 26,408 4,562 4,644 4,723 4,803 4,885 4,968 5,052 5,128 5,205 5,283 5,362 5,443 5,513 5,585 5,658 5,731 5,806 5,870 5,934 5,999 6,065 6,132
0505 Paktha 47 2,456 15,526 2,489 2,533 2,576 2,620 2,665 2,710 2,756 2,797 2,839 2,882 2,925 2,969 3,008 3,047 3,086 3,127 3,167 3,202 3,237 3,273 3,309 3,345
0601 Luangprabang 132 10,581 63,765 10,293 10,530 10,761 10,998 11,240 11,487 11,740 11,975 12,214 12,459 12,708 12,962 13,195 13,433 13,675 13,921 14,171 14,398 14,629 14,863 15,100 15,342
0602 Xieng ngeun 109 5,666 34,266 5,512 5,639 5,763 5,889 6,019 6,151 6,287 6,412 6,541 6,671 6,805 6,941 7,066 7,193 7,323 7,454 7,589 7,710 7,833 7,959 8,086 8,215
0603 Nan 82 4,690 28,321 4,562 4,667 4,770 4,875 4,982 5,092 5,204 5,308 5,414 5,522 5,633 5,745 5,849 5,954 6,061 6,170 6,281 6,382 6,484 6,588 6,693 6,800
0604 Park ou 76 3,624 21,242 3,525 3,606 3,686 3,767 3,850 3,934 4,021 4,101 4,183 4,267 4,352 4,440 4,519 4,601 4,684 4,768 4,854 4,931 5,010 5,090 5,172 5,255
0605 Nam bak 161 7,554 47,082 7,348 7,517 7,683 7,852 8,025 8,201 8,382 8,549 8,720 8,895 9,072 9,254 9,420 9,590 9,763 9,938 10,117 10,279 10,444 10,611 10,780 10,953
0606 Ngoi 163 6,366 39,772 6,193 6,335 6,475 6,617 6,763 6,911 7,063 7,205 7,349 7,496 7,646 7,799 7,939 8,082 8,227 8,375 8,526 8,663 8,801 8,942 9,085 9,230
0607 Pak xeng 116 4,259 25,889 4,143 4,238 4,332 4,427 4,524 4,624 4,726 4,820 4,916 5,015 5,115 5,217 5,311 5,407 5,504 5,603 5,704 5,795 5,888 5,982 6,078 6,175
0608 Phonxay 92 3,794 24,525 3,691 3,776 3,859 3,944 4,030 4,119 4,210 4,294 4,380 4,467 4,557 4,648 4,731 4,817 4,903 4,992 5,081 5,163 5,245 5,329 5,414 5,501
0609 Chomphet 87 4,333 24,859 4,215 4,312 4,407 4,504 4,603 4,704 4,808 4,904 5,002 5,102 5,204 5,308 5,404 5,501 5,600 5,701 5,803 5,896 5,990 6,086 6,184 6,283
0610 Viengkham 148 6,211 38,931 6,042 6,181 6,317 6,456 6,598 6,743 6,891 7,029 7,170 7,313 7,459 7,609 7,746 7,885 8,027 8,171 8,319 8,452 8,587 8,724 8,864 9,006
0611 Phoukhoue 48 2,442 16,188 2,376 2,430 2,484 2,538 2,594 2,651 2,710 2,764 2,819 2,875 2,933 2,992 3,045 3,100 3,156 3,213 3,271 3,323 3,376 3,430 3,485 3,541
0701 Xamneua 156 6,759 45,836 6,910 7,062 7,210 7,362 7,516 7,674 7,835 7,984 8,136 8,291 8,448 8,609 8,755 8,904 9,055 9,209 9,366 9,506 9,649 9,793 9,940 10,090
0702 Xieng khor 85 3,805 26,039 3,890 3,976 4,059 4,144 4,231 4,320 4,411 4,495 4,580 4,667 4,756 4,846 4,929 5,012 5,098 5,184 5,272 5,352 5,432 5,513 5,596 5,680
0703 Viengthong 86 3,139 20,352 3,209 3,280 3,349 3,419 3,491 3,564 3,639 3,708 3,779 3,850 3,923 3,998 4,066 4,135 4,205 4,277 4,350 4,415 4,481 4,548 4,616 4,686
0704 Viengxay 127 4,833 32,873 4,941 5,050 5,156 5,264 5,375 5,487 5,603 5,709 5,818 5,928 6,041 6,156 6,260 6,367 6,475 6,585 6,697 6,797 6,899 7,003 7,108 7,214
0705 Huameuang 94 3,448 23,665 3,525 3,603 3,678 3,756 3,834 3,915 3,997 4,073 4,150 4,229 4,310 4,392 4,466 4,542 4,619 4,698 4,778 4,849 4,922 4,996 5,071 5,147
0706 Xamtay 217 6,897 47,084 7,051 7,206 7,358 7,512 7,670 7,831 7,995 8,147 8,302 8,460 8,621 8,784 8,934 9,086 9,240 9,397 9,557 9,700 9,846 9,993 10,143 10,296
0707 Sopbao 72 3,228 22,101 3,300 3,373 3,444 3,516 3,590 3,665 3,742 3,813 3,886 3,959 4,035 4,111 4,181 4,252 4,325 4,398 4,473 4,540 4,608 4,677 4,747 4,819
0708 Add 88 3,900 26,701 3,987 4,075 4,160 4,248 4,337 4,428 4,521 4,607 4,695 4,784 4,875 4,967 5,052 5,138 5,225 5,314 5,404 5,485 5,567 5,651 5,736 5,822
0801 Xayabury 118 9,526 60,153 9,499 9,699 9,893 10,091 10,292 10,498 10,708 10,901 11,097 11,297 11,500 11,707 11,895 12,085 12,278 12,475 12,674 12,852 13,032 13,214 13,399 13,587
0802 Khop 65 6,539 40,246 6,521 6,658 6,791 6,927 7,065 7,206 7,351 7,483 7,618 7,755 7,894 8,036 8,165 8,296 8,428 8,563 8,700 8,822 8,945 9,071 9,198 9,326
0803 Hongsa 90 10,284 61,509 10,255 10,471 10,680 10,894 11,111 11,334 11,560 11,768 11,980 12,196 12,415 12,639 12,841 13,047 13,255 13,467 13,683 13,874 14,069 14,266 14,465 14,668
0804 Ngeun 58 6,443 32,933 6,425 6,560 6,691 6,825 6,961 7,101 7,243 7,373 7,506 7,641 7,778 7,918 8,045 8,174 8,305 8,437 8,572 8,692 8,814 8,938 9,063 9,190
0805 Xienghone 132 3,467 17,893 3,457 3,530 3,600 3,673 3,746 3,821 3,897 3,967 4,039 4,112 4,186 4,261 4,329 4,398 4,469 4,540 4,613 4,677 4,743 4,809 4,877 4,945
0806 Phiang 62 3,974 24,844 3,963 4,046 4,127 4,210 4,294 4,380 4,467 4,548 4,629 4,713 4,798 4,884 4,962 5,042 5,122 5,204 5,287 5,361 5,437 5,513 5,590 5,668
0807 Parklai 81 4,383 25,559 4,371 4,463 4,552 4,643 4,736 4,830 4,927 5,016 5,106 5,198 5,291 5,387 5,473 5,560 5,649 5,740 5,832 5,913 5,996 6,080 6,165 6,251
0808 Kenethao 38 2,741 16,007 2,733 2,791 2,847 2,903 2,962 3,021 3,081 3,137 3,193 3,251 3,309 3,369 3,423 3,477 3,533 3,589 3,647 3,698 3,750 3,802 3,855 3,909
0809 Botene 32 2,057 12,964 2,051 2,094 2,136 2,179 2,223 2,267 2,312 2,354 2,396 2,439 2,483 2,528 2,568 2,610 2,651 2,694 2,737 2,775 2,814 2,853 2,893 2,934
0901 Pek 96 8,723 57,273 8,820 9,041 9,258 9,480 9,708 9,941 10,179 10,403 10,632 10,866 11,105 11,349 11,576 11,808 12,044 12,285 12,531 12,756 12,986 13,219 13,457 13,700
0902 Kham 102 5,829 39,547 5,894 6,041 6,186 6,335 6,487 6,643 6,802 6,952 7,105 7,261 7,421 7,584 7,736 7,890 8,048 8,209 8,373 8,524 8,677 8,834 8,993 9,155
0903 Nonghed 115 4,632 33,354 4,684 4,801 4,916 5,034 5,155 5,279 5,405 5,524 5,646 5,770 5,897 6,027 6,147 6,270 6,395 6,523 6,654 6,774 6,896 7,020 7,146 7,275
0904 Khoune 88 4,207 29,060 4,254 4,360 4,465 4,572 4,682 4,794 4,909 5,017 5,128 5,240 5,356 5,474 5,583 5,695 5,809 5,925 6,043 6,152 6,263 6,376 6,490 6,607
0905 Morkmay 37 1,084 7,766 1,096 1,124 1,150 1,178 1,206 1,235 1,265 1,293 1,321 1,350 1,380 1,410 1,439 1,467 1,497 1,527 1,557 1,585 1,614 1,643 1,672 1,702
0906 Phookood 29 3,092 20,272 3,127 3,205 3,282 3,360 3,441 3,524 3,608 3,688 3,769 3,852 3,936 4,023 4,103 4,185 4,269 4,355 4,442 4,522 4,603 4,686 4,770 4,856
0907 Phaxay 38 2,005 13,347 2,027 2,078 2,128 2,179 2,231 2,285 2,340 2,391 2,444 2,498 2,552 2,609 2,661 2,714 2,768 2,824 2,880 2,932 2,985 3,039 3,093 3,149
1001 Phonhong 95 9,364 56,044 8,291 8,457 8,618 8,782 8,949 9,119 9,292 9,450 9,610 9,774 9,940 10,109 10,261 10,415 10,571 10,729 10,890 11,032 11,175 11,320 11,468 11,617
1002 Thoulakhom 60 7,574 48,131 6,706 6,840 6,970 7,103 7,237 7,375 7,515 7,643 7,773 7,905 8,039 8,176 8,299 8,423 8,549 8,678 8,808 8,922 9,038 9,156 9,275 9,395
1003 Keo oudom 32 2,996 18,493 2,653 2,706 2,757 2,810 2,863 2,917 2,973 3,023 3,075 3,127 3,180 3,234 3,283 3,332 3,382 3,433 3,484 3,530 3,575 3,622 3,669 3,717
1004 Kaxy 50 3,386 21,218 2,998 3,058 3,116 3,176 3,236 3,297 3,360 3,417 3,475 3,534 3,594 3,655 3,710 3,766 3,822 3,880 3,938 3,989 4,041 4,094 4,147 4,201
1005 Vangvieng 90 7,596 49,008 6,726 6,860 6,990 7,123 7,259 7,396 7,537 7,665 7,795 7,928 8,063 8,200 8,323 8,448 8,574 8,703 8,834 8,948 9,065 9,183 9,302 9,423
1006 Feuang 44 5,632 29,837 4,987 5,087 5,183 5,282 5,382 5,484 5,589 5,684 5,780 5,879 5,979 6,080 6,171 6,264 6,358 6,453 6,550 6,635 6,721 6,809 6,897 6,987
1007 Xanakharm 57 5,581 31,819 4,942 5,040 5,136 5,234 5,333 5,435 5,538 5,632 5,728 5,825 5,924 6,025 6,115 6,207 6,300 6,394 6,490 6,575 6,660 6,747 6,835 6,923
1008 Mad 28 1,198 8,141 1,061 1,082 1,103 1,124 1,145 1,167 1,189 1,209 1,230 1,251 1,272 1,294 1,313 1,333 1,353 1,373 1,394 1,412 1,430 1,449 1,468 1,487
1009 Hinhurp 16 2,174 13,335 1,925 1,963 2,000 2,038 2,077 2,117 2,157 2,194 2,231 2,269 2,307 2,347 2,382 2,417 2,454 2,491 2,528 2,561 2,594 2,628 2,662 2,697
1010 Viengkham 25 1,932 10,538 1,711 1,745 1,778 1,812 1,847 1,882 1,917 1,950 1,983 2,017 2,051 2,086 2,117 2,149 2,181 2,214 2,247 2,276 2,306 2,336 2,366 2,397
1101 Pakxanh 77 5,834 35,223 5,906 6,030 6,151 6,274 6,399 6,527 6,658 6,778 6,900 7,024 7,151 7,279 7,396 7,514 7,634 7,756 7,880 7,991 8,103 8,216 8,331 8,448
1102 Thaphabath 31 3,459 19,976 3,502 3,575 3,647 3,720 3,794 3,870 3,948 4,019 4,091 4,165 4,240 4,316 4,385 4,455 4,526 4,599 4,672 4,738 4,804 4,871 4,940 5,009
1103 Pakkading 57 4,988 29,374 5,050 5,156 5,259 5,364 5,471 5,581 5,693 5,795 5,899 6,005 6,114 6,224 6,323 6,424 6,527 6,632 6,738 6,832 6,928 7,025 7,123 7,223
1104 Bolikhanh 38 2,421 14,970 2,451 2,502 2,553 2,604 2,656 2,709 2,763 2,813 2,863 2,915 2,967 3,021 3,069 3,118 3,168 3,219 3,270 3,316 3,362 3,410 3,457 3,506
1105 Khamkheuth 201 7,418 47,758 7,510 7,668 7,821 7,977 8,137 8,300 8,466 8,618 8,773 8,931 9,092 9,256 9,404 9,554 9,707 9,862 10,020 10,160 10,303 10,447 10,593 10,741
1106 Viengthong 58 2,534 16,288 2,565 2,619 2,672 2,725 2,780 2,835 2,892 2,944 2,997 3,051 3,106 3,162 3,212 3,264 3,316 3,369 3,423 3,471 3,519 3,569 3,619 3,669
1201 Thakhek 133 12,292 68,432 11,736 12,029 12,318 12,614 12,916 13,226 13,544 13,842 14,146 14,458 14,776 15,101 15,403 15,711 16,025 16,346 16,672 16,973 17,278 17,589 17,906 18,228
1202 Mahaxay 90 4,387 22,982 4,189 4,293 4,396 4,502 4,610 4,721 4,834 4,940 5,049 5,160 5,273 5,389 5,497 5,607 5,719 5,834 5,950 6,057 6,167 6,278 6,391 6,506
1203 Nongbok 71 6,703 39,144 6,400 6,560 6,717 6,878 7,044 7,213 7,386 7,548 7,714 7,884 8,057 8,235 8,399 8,567 8,739 8,913 9,092 9,255 9,422 9,592 9,764 9,940
1204 Hinboon 164 9,192 50,778 8,776 8,996 9,212 9,433 9,659 9,891 10,128 10,351 10,579 10,811 11,049 11,292 11,518 11,749 11,984 12,223 12,468 12,692 12,921 13,153 13,390 13,631
1205 Ngommalath 85 4,334 21,754 4,138 4,241 4,343 4,447 4,554 4,663 4,775 4,880 4,988 5,098 5,210 5,324 5,431 5,539 5,650 5,763 5,878 5,984 6,092 6,202 6,313 6,427
1206 Bualapha 126 3,563 19,320 3,402 3,487 3,571 3,656 3,744 3,834 3,926 4,012 4,101 4,191 4,283 4,377 4,465 4,554 4,645 4,738 4,833 4,920 5,008 5,098 5,190 5,284
1207 Nakai 85 2,899 15,635 2,768 2,837 2,905 2,975 3,046 3,119 3,194 3,265 3,336 3,410 3,485 3,561 3,633 3,705 3,779 3,855 3,932 4,003 4,075 4,148 4,223 4,299
1208 Xebangfay 49 3,555 19,862 3,394 3,479 3,563 3,648 3,736 3,825 3,917 4,003 4,091 4,181 4,273 4,367 4,455 4,544 4,635 4,727 4,822 4,909 4,997 5,087 5,179 5,272
1209 Xaybuathong 71 2,709 14,908 2,586 2,651 2,715 2,780 2,847 2,915 2,985 3,051 3,118 3,186 3,256 3,328 3,395 3,462 3,532 3,602 3,674 3,741 3,808 3,876 3,946 4,017
1301 Khanthabouly 137 20,185 124,896 19,074 19,608 20,138 20,682 21,240 21,813 22,402 22,962 23,537 24,125 24,728 25,346 25,929 26,526 27,136 27,760 28,398 28,995 29,604 30,225 30,860 31,508
1302 Outhoomphone 108 10,787 69,025 10,193 10,479 10,762 11,052 11,351 11,657 11,972 12,271 12,578 12,893 13,215 13,545 13,857 14,175 14,502 14,835 15,176 15,495 15,820 16,153 16,492 16,838
1303 Atsaphangthong 123 7,697 48,743 7,273 7,477 7,679 7,886 8,099 8,318 8,543 8,756 8,975 9,199 9,429 9,665 9,887 10,115 10,347 10,585 10,829 11,056 11,289 11,526 11,768 12,015
1304 Phine 143 5,971 40,994 5,642 5,800 5,957 6,118 6,283 6,453 6,627 6,793 6,962 7,136 7,315 7,498 7,670 7,847 8,027 8,212 8,401 8,577 8,757 8,941 9,129 9,321
1305 Sepone 161 6,399 35,731 6,047 6,216 6,384 6,556 6,733 6,915 7,102 7,280 7,462 7,648 7,839 8,035 8,220 8,409 8,603 8,800 9,003 9,192 9,385 9,582 9,783 9,989
1306 Nong 98 2,766 16,723 2,614 2,687 2,760 2,834 2,911 2,989 3,070 3,147 3,225 3,306 3,389 3,473 3,553 3,635 3,718 3,804 3,891 3,973 4,057 4,142 4,229 4,318
1307 Thapangthong 83 3,353 24,011 3,169 3,257 3,345 3,435 3,528 3,624 3,721 3,814 3,910 4,007 4,108 4,210 4,307 4,406 4,508 4,611 4,717 4,816 4,918 5,021 5,126 5,234
1308 Songkhone 162 13,223 81,864 12,495 12,845 13,192 13,548 13,914 14,290 14,676 15,043 15,419 15,804 16,199 16,604 16,986 17,377 17,776 18,185 18,603 18,994 19,393 19,800 20,216 20,641
1309 Champhone 167 13,806 86,550 13,046 13,412 13,774 14,146 14,528 14,920 15,323 15,706 16,098 16,501 16,913 17,336 17,735 18,143 18,560 18,987 19,424 19,832 20,248 20,673 21,107 21,551
1310 Xonbuly 97 5,044 34,602 4,766 4,900 5,032 5,168 5,308 5,451 5,598 5,738 5,882 6,029 6,179 6,334 6,479 6,628 6,781 6,937 7,096 7,245 7,398 7,553 7,712 7,873
1311 Xaybuly 88 7,112 42,936 6,721 6,909 7,095 7,287 7,484 7,686 7,893 8,091 8,293 8,500 8,713 8,931 9,136 9,346 9,561 9,781 10,006 10,216 10,431 10,650 10,873 11,102
1312 Vilabuly 112 3,957 24,560 3,739 3,844 3,948 4,054 4,164 4,276 4,392 4,501 4,614 4,729 4,848 4,969 5,083 5,200 5,320 5,442 5,567 5,684 5,803 5,925 6,050 6,177
1313 Atsaphone 97 6,546 41,123 6,186 6,359 6,531 6,707 6,888 7,074 7,265 7,447 7,633 7,824 8,019 8,220 8,409 8,602 8,800 9,003 9,210 9,403 9,600 9,802 10,008 10,218
1401 Saravane 163 10,233 66,096 10,555 10,830 11,100 11,378 11,662 11,954 12,253 12,535 12,823 13,118 13,419 13,728 14,016 14,311 14,611 14,918 15,231 15,521 15,816 16,116 16,422 16,734
1402 Ta oi 64 3,033 19,799 3,128 3,210 3,290 3,372 3,457 3,543 3,632 3,715 3,801 3,888 3,977 4,069 4,154 4,242 4,331 4,422 4,514 4,600 4,688 4,777 4,867 4,960
1403 Toomlarn 67 1,985 16,262 2,047 2,101 2,153 2,207 2,262 2,319 2,377 2,431 2,487 2,545 2,603 2,663 2,719 2,776 2,834 2,894 2,955 3,011 3,068 3,126 3,186 3,246
1404 Lakhonepheng 98 5,484 30,480 5,657 5,804 5,949 6,098 6,250 6,406 6,566 6,717 6,872 7,030 7,192 7,357 7,512 7,669 7,830 7,995 8,163 8,318 8,476 8,637 8,801 8,968
1405 Vapy 64 4,516 26,755 4,658 4,779 4,899 5,021 5,147 5,275 5,407 5,532 5,659 5,789 5,922 6,058 6,186 6,316 6,448 6,584 6,722 6,850 6,980 7,112 7,247 7,385
1406 Khongxedone 107 8,011 46,252 8,263 8,478 8,690 8,907 9,130 9,358 9,592 9,813 10,038 10,269 10,506 10,747 10,973 11,203 11,439 11,679 11,924 12,151 12,381 12,617 12,856 13,101
1407 Lao ngarm 111 7,781 42,938 8,026 8,235 8,441 8,652 8,868 9,090 9,317 9,531 9,750 9,975 10,204 10,439 10,658 10,882 11,110 11,343 11,582 11,802 12,026 12,254 12,487 12,725
1408 Samuoi 57 1,335 7,649 1,377 1,413 1,448 1,484 1,521 1,560 1,598 1,635 1,673 1,711 1,751 1,791 1,829 1,867 1,906 1,946 1,987 2,025 2,063 2,103 2,142 2,183
15 Sekong Sub-total 278 9,533 64,170 8,538 8,709 8,874 9,043 9,215 9,390 9,568 9,731 9,896 10,065 10,236 10,410 10,566 10,724 10,885 11,049 11,214 11,360 11,508 11,657 11,809 11,962
1501 Lamarm 40 2,659 18,237 2,382 2,429 2,475 2,522 2,570 2,619 2,669 2,714 2,760 2,807 2,855 2,904 2,947 2,991 3,036 3,082 3,128 3,169 3,210 3,252 3,294 3,337
1502 Kaleum 68 2,004 13,746 1,795 1,831 1,866 1,901 1,937 1,974 2,011 2,046 2,080 2,116 2,152 2,188 2,221 2,254 2,288 2,323 2,357 2,388 2,419 2,451 2,482 2,515
1503 Dakcheung 120 2,424 16,949 2,171 2,214 2,257 2,299 2,343 2,388 2,433 2,474 2,516 2,559 2,603 2,647 2,687 2,727 2,768 2,809 2,852 2,889 2,926 2,964 3,003 3,042
1504 Thateng 50 2,446 15,238 2,191 2,235 2,277 2,320 2,364 2,409 2,455 2,497 2,539 2,582 2,626 2,671 2,711 2,752 2,793 2,835 2,877 2,915 2,953 2,991 3,030 3,069
1601 Pakse 54 10,484 65,220 10,208 10,494 10,778 11,069 11,368 11,674 11,990 12,289 12,597 12,912 13,234 13,565 13,877 14,196 14,523 14,857 15,199 15,518 15,844 16,176 16,516 16,863
1602 Sannasomboon 85 9,743 55,716 9,487 9,753 10,016 10,286 10,564 10,849 11,142 11,421 11,706 11,999 12,299 12,606 12,896 13,193 13,496 13,807 14,124 14,421 14,724 15,033 15,349 15,671
1603 Bachiangchaleunsoo 94 6,286 34,354 6,121 6,292 6,462 6,637 6,816 7,000 7,189 7,368 7,553 7,741 7,935 8,133 8,320 8,512 8,708 8,908 9,113 9,304 9,500 9,699 9,903 10,111
1604 Pakxong 105 7,549 44,518 7,351 7,556 7,760 7,970 8,185 8,406 8,633 8,849 9,070 9,297 9,529 9,768 9,992 10,222 10,457 10,698 10,944 11,174 11,408 11,648 11,892 12,142
1605 Pathoomphone 93 7,376 43,142 7,182 7,383 7,583 7,787 7,998 8,214 8,435 8,646 8,862 9,084 9,311 9,544 9,763 9,988 10,218 10,453 10,693 10,917 11,147 11,381 11,620 11,864
1606 Phonthong 117 12,098 73,704 11,780 12,110 12,437 12,773 13,118 13,472 13,835 14,181 14,536 14,899 15,272 15,654 16,014 16,382 16,759 17,144 17,538 17,907 18,283 18,667 19,059 19,459
1607 Champasack 92 8,179 49,242 7,964 8,187 8,408 8,635 8,868 9,108 9,354 9,587 9,827 10,073 10,325 10,583 10,826 11,075 11,330 11,590 11,857 12,106 12,360 12,620 12,885 13,155
1608 Sukhuma 60 6,368 38,051 6,201 6,374 6,546 6,723 6,905 7,091 7,283 7,465 7,651 7,842 8,039 8,240 8,429 8,623 8,821 9,024 9,232 9,426 9,623 9,826 10,032 10,243
1609 Moonlapamok 65 5,369 32,228 5,228 5,374 5,519 5,668 5,821 5,979 6,140 6,294 6,451 6,612 6,777 6,947 7,107 7,270 7,437 7,608 7,783 7,947 8,114 8,284 8,458 8,636
1610 Khong 131 11,365 65,212 11,066 11,376 11,683 11,999 12,323 12,655 12,997 13,322 13,655 13,997 14,346 14,705 15,043 15,389 15,743 16,105 16,476 16,822 17,175 17,536 17,904 18,280
17 Attapeu Sub-total 188 15,103 87,229 15,675 16,035 16,388 16,749 17,117 17,494 17,879 18,236 18,601 18,973 19,352 19,739 20,095 20,456 20,825 21,199 21,581 21,926 22,277 22,634 22,996 23,364
1701 Xaysetha 32 4,352 25,691 4,517 4,621 4,722 4,826 4,932 5,041 5,152 5,255 5,360 5,467 5,576 5,688 5,790 5,895 6,001 6,109 6,219 6,318 6,419 6,522 6,626 6,732
1702 Samakkhixay 23 3,245 19,331 3,368 3,445 3,521 3,599 3,678 3,759 3,841 3,918 3,997 4,076 4,158 4,241 4,318 4,395 4,474 4,555 4,637 4,711 4,786 4,863 4,941 5,020
1703 Sanamxay 50 3,464 19,627 3,595 3,678 3,759 3,841 3,926 4,012 4,101 4,183 4,266 4,352 4,439 4,527 4,609 4,692 4,776 4,862 4,950 5,029 5,109 5,191 5,274 5,359
1704 Sanxay 56 2,271 12,252 2,357 2,411 2,464 2,518 2,574 2,630 2,688 2,742 2,797 2,853 2,910 2,968 3,022 3,076 3,131 3,188 3,245 3,297 3,350 3,403 3,458 3,513
1705 Phouvong 27 1,771 10,328 1,838 1,880 1,922 1,964 2,007 2,051 2,096 2,138 2,181 2,225 2,269 2,315 2,356 2,399 2,442 2,486 2,531 2,571 2,612 2,654 2,697 2,740
18 Xaysomboon Sub-total 137 8,298 54,068 8,245 8,418 8,586 8,758 8,933 9,112 9,294 9,461 9,632 9,805 9,981 10,161 10,324 10,489 10,657 10,827 11,000 11,154 11,311 11,469 11,629 11,792
1801 Sayxomboun 27 1,771 11,614 1,760 1,797 1,833 1,869 1,907 1,945 1,984 2,019 2,056 2,093 2,130 2,169 2,203 2,239 2,274 2,311 2,348 2,381 2,414 2,448 2,482 2,517
1802 Thathom 30 1,352 9,737 1,343 1,372 1,399 1,427 1,455 1,485 1,514 1,542 1,569 1,598 1,626 1,656 1,682 1,709 1,736 1,764 1,792 1,817 1,843 1,869 1,895 1,921
1803 Longsane 34 2,790 18,635 2,772 2,830 2,887 2,945 3,004 3,064 3,125 3,181 3,238 3,297 3,356 3,416 3,471 3,527 3,583 3,640 3,699 3,750 3,803 3,856 3,910 3,965
1804 Hom 28 1,232 7,442 1,224 1,250 1,275 1,300 1,326 1,353 1,380 1,405 1,430 1,456 1,482 1,509 1,533 1,557 1,582 1,607 1,633 1,656 1,679 1,703 1,727 1,751
1805 Phun 18 1,153 6,640 1,146 1,170 1,193 1,217 1,241 1,266 1,291 1,315 1,338 1,362 1,387 1,412 1,434 1,457 1,481 1,504 1,528 1,550 1,572 1,594 1,616 1,639
Grand Total 11,797 753,948 4,575,544 682,946 699,676 716,123 732,965 750,212 767,872 785,957 802,905 820,227 837,932 856,029 874,526 891,684 909,188 927,046 945,265 963,853 980,889 998,238 1,015,905 1,033,896 1,052,217
Table 5.4-5 Estimated Electrification Ratio by District
Supplied Electrification in 2000 (Estimate) Electrification in 2010 (Estimate) Electrification in 2020 (Estimate)
Code Province Code District by Household Villages Household Household Village Household Household Village Household
(as of 1999) (Total) (Nos.) (%) (Nos.) (%) (Total) (Nos.) (%) (Nos.) (%) (Total) (Nos.) (%) (Nos.) (%)
01 Vientiane Mun. Sub-total 104,997 414 85 84,135 80 139,743 486 100 138,210 99 178,882 486 100 178,882 100
0101 Chanthabuly EDL 11,886 37 100 9,982 84 15,819 37 100 15,569 98 20,249 37 100 20,249 100
0102 Sikhottabong EDL 14,692 59 100 12,844 87 19,554 59 100 19,642 100 25,030 59 100 25,030 100
0103 Xaysetha EDL 14,634 51 100 12,411 85 19,476 51 100 19,476 100 24,931 51 100 24,931 100
0104 Sisattanak EDL 11,474 40 100 9,998 87 15,271 40 100 15,390 101 19,549 40 100 19,549 100
0105 Naxaithong EDL 8,853 52 95 7,265 82 11,783 55 100 11,667 99 15,083 55 100 15,083 100
0106 Xaythany EDL 19,235 78 79 14,142 74 25,600 99 100 25,879 101 32,770 99 100 32,770 100
0107 Hadxaifong EDL 13,901 52 91 11,853 85 18,501 57 100 17,184 93 23,683 57 100 23,683 100
0108 Sangthong EDL 3,411 12 34 1,493 44 4,540 35 100 4,425 97 5,811 35 100 5,811 100
0109 Mayparkngum EDL 6,911 32 60 4,147 60 9,199 53 100 8,979 100 11,775 53 100 11,775 100
02 Phongsaly Sub-total 27,924 34 5 2,670 10 33,707 175 26 12,355 37 39,118 403 61 26,031 67
0201 Phongsaly Province 5,109 7 8 818 16 6,167 30 32 2,500 41 7,157 65 70 5,726 80
0202 May 4,044 1 1 91 2 4,882 10 8 1,000 20 5,665 47 40 2,266 40
0203 Khua Province 5,408 9 7 773 14 6,528 40 30 3,000 46 7,576 80 60 5,303 70
0204 Samphanh 4,309 2 2 136 3 5,202 20 22 1,500 29 6,037 56 60 3,622 60
0205 Boon neua Province 2,662 11 16 620 23 3,213 30 45 1,800 56 3,729 47 70 2,983 80
0206 Ngot ou 4,031 1 1 91 2 4,866 15 15 1,000 21 5,647 50 50 2,823 50
0207 Boontai 2,361 3 5 141 6 2,850 30 52 1,555 55 3,307 58 100 3,307 100
03 Luang Namtha Sub-total 22,759 51 10 3,235 14 27,472 146 30 11,000 40 31,883 342 70 25,439 80
0301 Namtha Province 6,282 22 28 1,934 31 7,583 39 49 4,500 59 8,800 80 100 8,800 100
0302 Sing Province 4,789 14 13 535 11 5,780 22 20 1,500 26 6,708 77 70 5,367 80
0303 Long Province 4,439 5 4 205 5 5,358 30 23 1,500 28 6,219 77 60 3,731 60
0304 Vienphoukha Province 3,086 5 8 224 7 3,725 30 46 2,000 54 4,322 46 70 3,458 80
0305 Nalae Province 4,164 6 6 337 8 5,026 25 24 1,500 30 5,833 62 60 4,083 70
04 Oudomxai Sub-total 37,603 61 8 4,764 13 47,204 263 33 18,503 39 56,980 555 69 40,393 71
0401 Xay Province 8,628 36 21 3,178 37 10,831 90 52 7,000 65 13,074 174 100 13,074 100
0402 La Province 2,729 9 13 445 16 3,426 35 50 2,000 58 4,135 70 100 4,135 100
0403 Namor 4,411 4 4 273 6 5,538 48 46 3,000 54 6,684 74 70 5,348 80
0404 Nga 4,265 3 3 182 4 5,354 35 35 2,000 37 6,463 61 60 4,524 70
0405 Beng 4,793 1 1 136 3 6,016 15 15 1,500 25 7,262 50 50 3,631 50
0406 Hoon Province 8,833 6 3 458 5 11,088 25 14 2,003 18 13,384 87 50 6,692 50
0407 Pakbeng 3,944 1 1 91 2 4,951 15 19 1,000 20 5,976 41 50 2,988 50
05 Bokeo Sub-total 21,524 29 7 2,787 13 25,226 155 39 13,190 52 28,422 306 77 24,045 85
0501 Huoixai EDL 8,410 19 14 2,115 25 9,856 81 58 7,160 73 11,105 140 100 11,105 100
0502 Tonpheung 3,956 3 5 249 6 4,636 34 58 2,740 59 5,223 41 70 4,179 80
0503 Meung 1,551 1 2 72 5 1,818 10 23 790 43 2,049 26 60 1,434 70
0504 Pha oudom Province 4,922 5 5 261 5 5,769 20 19 1,500 26 6,500 76 70 5,200 80
0505 Paktha 2,685 1 2 91 3 3,147 10 21 1,000 32 3,546 24 50 2,127 60
0506 Special region
06 Luang Prabang Sub-total 66,687 177 15 15,373 23 82,091 302 25 24,873 30 97,164 794 65 72,010 74
0601 Luangprabang EDL 11,855 80 61 9,481 80 14,594 92 70 10,426 71 17,273 132 100 17,273 100
0602 Xieng ngeun EDL 6,348 49 45 2,333 37 7,815 73 67 4,224 54 9,249 109 100 9,249 100
0603 Nan Province 5,255 10 12 478 9 6,469 25 30 1,714 26 7,656 57 70 6,125 80
0604 Park ou 4,060 1 1 65 2 4,998 9 12 720 14 5,916 53 70 4,733 80
0605 Nam bak Province 8,464 14 9 950 11 10,419 17 11 1,168 11 12,332 97 60 8,632 70
0606 Ngoi Province 7,133 4 2 462 6 8,780 13 8 1,226 14 10,392 82 50 5,196 50
0607 Pak xeng 4,772 1 1 109 2 5,874 15 13 1,200 20 6,953 58 50 3,476 50
0608 Phonxay 4,251 1 1 67 2 5,233 9 10 740 14 6,194 46 50 3,716 60
0609 Chomphet Province 4,855 9 10 372 8 5,976 15 17 881 15 7,073 52 60 4,951 70
0610 Viengkham EDL 6,959 3 2 199 3 8,566 15 10 1,281 15 10,139 74 50 5,070 50
0611 Phoukhoue Province 2,736 4 8 857 31 3,368 19 40 1,293 38 3,986 34 70 3,588 90
07 Huaphanh Sub-total 40,148 119 13 8,268 21 48,940 333 36 23,884 49 57,359 650 70 46,642 81
0701 Xamneua EDL 7,536 17 11 2,180 29 9,186 80 51 6,000 65 10,766 125 80 9,690 90
0702 Xieng khor EDL 4,242 15 18 1,184 28 5,171 49 58 3,884 75 6,061 68 80 5,455 90
0703 Viengthong Province 3,500 13 15 670 19 4,266 34 40 2,000 47 5,000 69 80 4,500 90
0704 Viengxay EDL 5,389 22 17 1,023 19 6,569 50 39 3,000 46 7,698 102 80 6,929 90
0705 Huameuang Province 3,844 6 6 397 10 4,686 25 27 1,500 32 5,492 66 70 4,394 80
0706 Xamtay Province 7,690 9 4 730 9 9,374 25 12 2,500 27 10,986 109 50 6,592 60
0707 Sopbao EDL 3,599 20 28 1,087 30 4,387 35 49 2,500 57 5,142 50 70 4,114 80
0708 Add EDL 4,348 17 19 996 23 5,301 35 40 2,500 47 6,212 62 70 4,970 80
08 Xayabury Sub-total 54,825 96 14 9,525 17 66,179 315 47 33,586 51 76,803 502 74 62,129 81
0801 Xayabury Province 10,569 22 19 2,805 27 12,758 50 42 8,000 63 14,806 118 100 14,806 100
0802 Khop Province 7,255 3 5 295 4 8,757 13 20 1,150 13 10,163 26 40 5,082 50
0803 Hongsa Province 11,410 10 11 780 7 13,773 35 39 4,500 33 15,984 63 70 12,787 80
0804 Ngeun Province 7,149 5 9 348 5 8,629 14 24 2,500 29 10,014 35 60 7,010 70
0805 Xienghone Province 3,847 8 6 301 8 4,643 30 23 956 21 5,389 66 50 3,233 60
0806 Phiang Province 4,409 10 16 1,039 24 5,322 45 73 4,348 82 6,177 43 70 4,941 80
0807 Parklai Province 4,863 13 16 1,289 27 5,870 58 72 5,687 97 6,812 81 100 6,812 100
0808 Kenethao EDL 3,041 18 47 1,806 59 3,671 38 100 3,561 97 4,260 38 100 4,260 100
0809 Botene Province 2,282 8 25 862 38 2,755 32 100 2,884 105 3,197 32 100 3,197 100
0810 Thongmyxay
09 Xiengkhuang Sub-total 33,458 51 10 4,505 13 42,000 123 24 10,151 24 50,698 368 73 42,355 84
0901 Pek Province 9,869 11 11 1,460 15 12,389 27 28 3,055 25 14,955 96 100 14,955 100
0902 Kham Province 6,595 15 15 1,170 18 8,279 34 33 2,620 32 9,993 71 70 7,995 80
0903 Nonghed Province 5,241 4 3 335 6 6,579 7 6 567 9 7,941 69 60 5,559 70
0904 Khoune Province 4,760 6 7 484 10 5,975 13 15 1,079 18 7,213 62 70 5,770 80
0905 Morkmay 1,226 1 3 36 3 1,540 10 27 400 26 1,858 15 40 929 50
0906 Phookood 3,498 1 3 67 2 4,392 9 31 736 17 5,301 17 60 3,711 70
0907 Phaxay Province 2,268 14 37 953 42 2,848 23 61 1,694 59 3,437 38 100 3,437 100
Table 5.4-5 Estimated Electrification Ratio by District
Supplied Electrification in 2000 (Estimate) Electrification in 2010 (Estimate) Electrification in 2020 (Estimate)
Code Province Code District by Household Villages Household Household Village Household Household Village Household
(as of 1999) (Total) (Nos.) (%) (Nos.) (%) (Total) (Nos.) (%) (Nos.) (%) (Total) (Nos.) (%) (Nos.) (%)
10 Vientiane Sub-total 52,370 256 51 27,241 52 62,598 332 67 35,932 57 71,934 489 98 71,571 99
1001 Phonhong EDL 10,339 73 77 7,208 70 12,358 78 82 7,590 61 14,201 95 100 14,201 100
1002 Thoulakhom EDL 8,362 60 100 7,437 89 9,995 60 100 9,000 90 11,486 60 100 11,486 100
1003 Keo oudom EDL 3,308 26 80 2,875 87 3,954 31 96 3,400 86 4,544 32 100 4,544 100
1004 Kaxy EDL 3,739 16 32 844 23 4,469 30 60 1,980 44 5,135 50 100 5,135 100
1005 Vangvieng EDL 8,386 38 42 3,459 41 10,024 64 71 5,582 56 11,519 90 100 11,519 100
1006 Feuang Province 6,218 4 9 665 11 7,433 8 18 974 13 8,541 44 100 8,541 100
1007 Xanakharm Province 6,162 8 14 1,476 24 7,365 16 28 2,144 29 8,464 57 100 8,464 100
1008 Mad 1,323 1 4 55 4 1,582 10 35 600 38 1,817 20 70 1,454 80
1009 Hinhurp EDL 2,400 15 96 1,086 45 2,869 16 102 2,162 75 3,296 16 100 3,296 100
1010 Viengkham EDL 2,133 15 59 2,136 100 2,550 19 75 2,500 98 2,930 25 100 2,930 100
11 Borikhamxay Sub-total 29,573 99 21 9,313 31 35,697 172 37 16,826 47 41,428 379 82 37,940 92
1101 Pakxanh EDL 6,473 39 51 3,092 48 7,813 46 60 3,710 47 9,068 77 100 9,068 100
1102 Thaphabath EDL 3,838 20 65 2,534 66 4,633 27 87 3,500 76 5,376 31 100 5,376 100
1103 Pakkading EDL 5,534 10 18 840 15 6,680 39 68 3,800 57 7,753 57 100 7,753 100
1104 Bolikhanh Province 2,686 7 18 273 10 3,242 19 50 1,700 52 3,763 38 100 3,763 100
1105 Khamkheuth Province 8,230 23 11 2,488 30 9,935 30 15 3,161 32 11,530 141 70 9,224 80
1106 Viengthong 2,811 1 2 87 3 3,394 11 19 955 28 3,939 35 60 2,757 70
12 Khammuane Sub-total 56,156 279 32 24,135 43 70,494 394 45 35,550 50 85,093 708 81 77,318 91
1201 Thakhek EDL 13,907 108 81 10,955 79 17,458 122 92 13,500 77 21,073 133 100 21,073 100
1202 Mahaxay EDL 4,963 22 24 1,551 31 6,231 40 44 3,000 48 7,521 90 100 7,521 100
1203 Nongbok EDL 7,584 66 93 6,709 88 9,520 71 100 7,800 82 11,492 71 100 11,492 100
1204 Hinboon EDL 10,400 55 34 2,529 24 13,055 62 38 4,000 31 15,759 164 100 15,759 100
1205 Ngommalath EDL 4,904 7 8 732 15 6,155 11 13 1,050 17 7,430 60 70 5,944 80
1206 Bualapha 4,031 2 2 91 2 5,060 20 16 1,000 20 6,108 63 50 3,665 60
1207 Nakai EDL 3,280 3 4 142 4 4,117 20 24 1,500 36 4,970 43 50 2,982 60
1208 Xebangfay EDL 4,022 13 27 1,318 33 5,049 20 41 2,500 50 6,095 49 100 6,095 100
1209 Xaybuathong 3,065 3 4 109 4 3,848 28 39 1,200 31 4,644 36 50 2,787 60
13 Savannakhet Sub-total 122,666 366 23 43,855 36 158,561 735 47 87,291 55 197,107 1,475 94 192,356 98
1301 Khanthabouly EDL 23,174 100 73 16,695 72 29,955 127 93 22,000 73 37,237 137 100 37,237 100
1302 Outhoomphone EDL 12,384 27 25 3,577 29 16,008 45 42 9,000 56 19,900 108 100 19,900 100
1303 Atsaphangthong EDL 8,837 19 15 2,035 23 11,422 55 45 6,000 53 14,199 123 100 14,199 100
1304 Phine EDL 6,855 13 9 1,283 19 8,861 60 42 4,000 45 11,015 143 100 11,015 100
1305 Sepone EDL 7,346 18 11 1,529 21 9,496 50 31 2,500 26 11,805 113 70 9,444 80
1306 Nong EDL 3,176 4 4 386 12 4,105 30 31 1,800 44 5,103 98 100 5,103 100
1307 Thapangthong EDL 3,849 4 5 471 12 4,976 30 36 5,098 102 6,186 83 100 6,186 100
1308 Songkhone EDL 15,181 37 23 3,790 25 19,623 65 40 9,310 47 24,393 162 100 24,393 100
1309 Champhone EDL 15,850 86 51 8,033 51 20,488 102 61 12,000 59 25,469 167 100 25,469 100
1310 Xonbuly EDL 5,791 11 11 1,396 24 7,485 40 41 5,003 67 9,305 78 80 8,375 90
1311 Xaybuly EDL 8,165 37 42 3,644 45 10,554 51 58 4,000 38 13,120 88 100 13,120 100
1312 Vilabuly EDL 4,543 5 4 239 5 5,872 40 36 2,080 35 7,300 78 70 5,840 80
1313 Atsaphone EDL 7,515 6 6 778 10 9,714 40 41 4,500 46 12,076 97 100 12,076 100
1314 Xayphoothong EDL
1315 Thaphalanxay
14 Saravane Sub-total 48,181 156 21 12,048 25 61,077 400 55 36,873 60 74,452 692 95 72,688 98
1401 Saravane EDL 11,634 37 23 3,651 31 14,748 90 55 10,000 68 17,978 163 100 17,978 100
1402 Ta oi Province 3,448 3 5 210 6 4,371 23 36 1,800 41 5,329 45 70 4,263 80
1403 Toomlarn 2,257 2 3 136 6 2,861 20 30 1,500 52 3,487 47 70 2,790 80
1404 Lakhonepheng EDL 6,235 20 20 1,255 20 7,904 51 52 4,073 52 9,635 98 100 9,635 100
1405 Vapy EDL 5,134 22 34 1,971 38 6,509 35 55 4,000 61 7,934 64 100 7,934 100
1406 Khongxedone EDL 9,108 46 43 3,105 34 11,546 66 62 7,000 61 14,074 107 100 14,074 100
1407 Lao ngarm EDL 8,847 21 19 1,565 18 11,214 70 63 7,000 62 13,670 111 100 13,670 100
1408 Samuoi Province 1,518 5 9 156 10 1,924 45 79 1,500 78 2,345 57 100 2,345 100
15 Sekong Sub-total 10,525 22 8 2,025 19 12,581 106 38 6,680 53 14,457 222 80 13,114 91
1501 Lamarm EDL 2,936 10 25 888 30 3,509 30 75 2,800 80 4,032 40 100 4,032 100
1502 Kaleum 2,213 2 3 73 3 2,645 20 29 800 30 3,039 48 70 2,431 80
1503 Dakcheung 2,676 3 3 98 4 3,199 31 26 1,080 34 3,676 84 70 2,941 80
1504 Thateng Province 2,701 8 16 965 36 3,228 25 50 2,000 62 3,709 50 100 3,709 100
16 Champasack Sub-total 97,375 221 25 29,913 31 125,869 415 46 66,500 53 156,468 831 93 149,417 95
1601 Pakse EDL 12,036 49 91 10,141 84 15,558 53 98 13,000 84 19,341 54 100 19,341 100
1602 Sannasomboon EDL 11,186 27 32 4,422 40 14,459 38 45 8,000 55 17,974 85 100 17,974 100
1603 Bachiangchaleunsoo EDL 7,217 27 29 2,187 30 9,328 50 53 5,000 54 11,596 94 100 11,596 100
1604 Pakxong EDL 8,667 20 19 1,965 23 11,203 40 38 6,000 54 13,926 105 100 13,926 100
1605 Pathoomphone EDL 8,468 10 11 1,214 14 10,946 32 34 4,500 41 13,607 65 70 10,886 80
1606 Phonthong EDL 13,889 45 38 5,637 41 17,954 60 51 10,000 56 22,318 117 100 22,318 100
1607 Champasack EDL 9,390 25 27 2,474 26 12,138 40 43 6,000 49 15,088 92 100 15,088 100
1608 Sukhuma EDL 7,311 3 5 588 8 9,450 18 30 3,000 32 11,748 42 70 9,398 80
1609 Moonlapamok EDL 6,164 7 11 273 4 7,968 24 37 3,000 38 9,905 46 70 7,924 80
1610 Khong EDL 13,048 7 5 1,012 8 16,866 60 46 8,000 47 20,966 131 100 20,966 100
17 Attapeu Sub-total 16,922 21 11 1,878 11 20,830 87 46 11,700 56 24,655 140 74 21,544 87
1701 Xaysetha 4,876 1 3 273 6 6,002 15 47 3,000 50 7,104 32 100 7,104 100
1702 Samakkhixay EDL 3,636 13 57 1,047 29 4,476 20 87 4,000 89 5,297 23 100 5,297 100
1703 Sanamxay Province 3,881 4 8 313 8 4,778 20 40 2,000 42 5,655 35 70 4,524 80
1704 Sanxay 2,544 2 4 136 5 3,132 20 36 1,500 48 3,707 34 60 2,595 70
1705 Phouvong 1,984 1 4 109 5 2,443 12 44 1,200 49 2,891 16 60 2,024 70
18 Xaysomboun Sub-total 9,207 13 9 784 9 11,113 81 59 5,548 50 12,897 88 64 9,718 75
1801 Sayxomboun Province 1,965 4 15 260 13 2,372 21 78 1,524 64 2,753 19 70 2,202 80
1802 Thathom Province 1,500 2 7 172 11 1,811 13 43 990 55 2,101 15 50 1,261 60
1803 Longsane 3,096 1 3 102 3 3,737 15 44 1,125 30 4,336 24 70 3,469 80
1804 Hom 1,367 2 7 127 9 1,650 24 86 1,400 85 1,915 20 70 1,532 80
1805 Phun Province 1,279 3 17 123 10 1,544 8 44 509 33 1,792 11 60 1,254 70
Grand Total 852,900 2,465 21 286,454 34 1,071,383 5,020 43 588,652 55 1,295,799 9,428 80 1,163,591 90
Notes: In Savannakhet Province, Xayphoothong district and Thaphalanzay District are included in Khanthabouly district and Atsaphongthong district respectively.
In Vientiane Province, there has been a re-arrangment of addministrative district between 1995 and 2000. Villages and households are re-allocated to each districts according to MIH data.
In Zayabury Province, Thongmyzay district is included in Parklai district.
Table 5.4-18 Summary of Power Demand Forecast for Whole Country
Item 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Villages
Urban 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536
Rural with road access 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153 4,153
Rural without road access 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033 6,033
Total 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722 11,722
Population
Urban
Rural
Total (x 1,000) 5,187 5,311 5,439 5,569 5,703 5,840 5,969 6,101 6,236 6,373 6,514 6,645 6,779 6,916 7,055 7,197 7,328 7,461 7,597 7,736 7,877
Household
Urban 153,225 157,255 161,394 165,644 170,009 174,492 178,746 183,107 187,577 192,160 196,857 201,278 205,801 210,429 215,165 220,010 224,528 229,142 233,854 238,667 243,582
Rural total 699,676 716,123 732,965 750,212 767,872 785,957 802,905 820,227 837,932 856,029 874,526 891,684 909,188 927,046 945,265 963,853 980,889 998,238 1,015,905 1,033,896 1,052,217
Total 852,900 873,378 894,359 915,856 937,882 960,449 981,651 1,003,334 1,025,510 1,048,188 1,071,383 1,092,961 1,114,989 1,137,475 1,160,430 1,183,863 1,205,417 1,227,380 1,249,759 1,272,563 1,295,799
Nos. of Village To be Electrified 2,448 2,713 2,965 3,227 3,493 3,736 4,002 4,256 4,505 4,763 5,020 5,469 5,902 6,350 6,782 7,250 7,669 8,116 8,554 8,996 9,433
Urban 1,148 1,252 1,315 1,395 1,434 1,457 1,482 1,497 1,506 1,520 1,526 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536 1,536
Rural with access 1,067 1,210 1,380 1,546 1,743 1,918 2,102 2,266 2,411 2,537 2,667 2,953 3,221 3,459 3,662 3,817 3,916 3,985 4,035 4,067 4,086
Rural without access 232 250 269 285 315 360 417 492 587 705 826 979 1,144 1,350 1,574 1,881 2,195 2,568 2,950 3,355 3,768
New Village Connection after 1999 (Accumulated
Urban 0 104 167 227 266 289 314 329 338 352 358 368 368 368 368 368 368 368 368 368 368
Rural with access 0 143 313 479 676 851 1,035 1,199 1,344 1,470 1,600 1,886 2,154 2,392 2,595 2,750 2,849 2,918 2,968 3,000 3,018
Rural without access 0 18 37 55 85 130 187 262 357 475 596 749 914 1,120 1,344 1,651 1,965 2,338 2,720 3,125 3,538
Household to be Electrified 264,730 289,229 313,728 338,227 362,726 387,225 411,724 436,223 460,722 485,221 509,720 558,852 607,985 657,117 706,249 755,381 804,513 853,645 902,778 951,910 1,001,042
Urban 149,626 163,336 175,090 186,224 196,773 207,093 217,078 226,996 236,883 246,856 256,928 269,765 282,321 294,975 307,731 320,590 333,156 345,813 358,563 371,408 384,351
New Household Connection After 1999 (Accum 898 2,105 3,917 4,015 5,838 8,361 11,300 14,377 17,679 21,083 24,816 29,760 34,975 40,568 46,773 53,567 60,917 68,254 75,576 82,882 90,172
Urban 0 7,798 13,639 18,871 23,700 28,299 32,564 36,760 40,927 45,178 49,530 54,005 58,199 62,492 66,885 71,383 75,587 79,882 84,271 88,754 93,336
Rural with access 0 15,965 33,170 50,901 67,084 82,559 96,759 110,334 122,721 134,276 145,381 174,194 200,194 223,334 240,123 254,317 266,353 276,444 285,426 293,956 302,352
Rural without access 0 5,441 10,996 17,475 24,862 32,483 41,301 50,672 61,037 72,045 83,076 102,337 124,422 148,890 178,996 211,006 244,909 280,679 317,480 354,655 391,881
Energy Demand Forecast
Non-residential (kWh) 409,331,686 440,514,406 474,677,646 512,125,403 553,194,525 598,258,426 644,619,664 695,263,208 750,610,881 811,128,398 877,330,129 937,136,058 1,001,594,792 1,071,088,830 1,146,033,604 1,226,880,418 1,314,119,662 1,408,284,312 1,509,953,760 1,619,757,995 1,738,382,167
Non-residential(New) (kWh) 0 13,945,640 27,728,504 42,263,568 57,905,085 72,534,316 89,040,929 105,114,095 121,112,186 137,972,131 155,444,475 185,862,591 216,301,021 247,865,253 279,282,240 312,180,335 342,732,097 375,030,744 407,795,613 441,731,865 476,488,292
Additional Demand (kWh) 0 0 7,665,000 35,584,152 43,298,832 68,094,960 90,324,660 116,520,660 150,645,320 154,477,820 196,636,520 209,493,800 222,575,180 236,372,180 267,798,512 310,550,660 310,600,340 330,308,792 330,798,032 357,950,120 373,329,800
Sub-total (kWh) 409,331,686 454,460,046 510,071,149 589,973,123 654,398,442 738,887,702 823,985,253 916,897,962 1,022,368,387 1,103,578,349 1,229,411,125 1,332,492,449 1,440,470,993 1,555,326,263 1,693,114,356 1,849,611,414 1,967,452,099 2,113,623,848 2,248,547,405 2,419,439,980 2,588,200,259
Residential (Already connected) (kWh) 360,315,819 368,325,680 386,741,964 406,079,062 426,383,016 447,702,166 470,087,275 493,591,638 518,271,220 544,184,781 571,394,020 600,519,369 630,517,555 662,015,651 695,088,651 729,815,301 766,278,284 804,564,416 844,764,854 886,975,314 931,296,298
Residential (New Connection) (kWh) 0 42,966,104 68,769,889 96,332,226 123,411,864 150,662,868 177,701,639 206,132,548 234,169,998 262,913,258 292,443,325 349,741,516 405,202,567 459,992,253 509,405,578 558,090,632 604,865,608 651,514,411 699,061,475 748,955,148 800,599,084
Sub-total (kWh) 360,315,819 411,291,785 455,511,853 502,411,288 549,794,879 598,365,035 647,788,914 699,724,186 752,441,218 807,098,040 863,837,345 950,260,885 1,035,720,123 1,122,007,904 1,204,494,229 1,287,905,933 1,371,143,891 1,456,078,827 1,543,826,329 1,635,930,462 1,731,895,382
Total Energy Demand (kWh) 769,647,504 865,751,831 965,583,003 1,092,384,412 1,204,193,321 1,337,252,737 1,471,774,167 1,616,622,148 1,774,809,605 1,910,676,389 2,093,248,469 2,282,753,334 2,476,191,116 2,677,334,167 2,897,608,586 3,137,517,347 3,338,595,991 3,569,702,675 3,792,373,734 4,055,370,442 4,320,095,641
Annual Growth Rate (%) 21.5 12.5 11.5 13.1 10.2 11.0 10.1 9.8 9.8 7.7 9.6 9.1 8.5 8.1 8.2 8.3 6.4 6.9 6.2 6.9 6.5
Losses (%) 23.3 22.7 22.2 21.6 21.1 20.0 19.7 19.3 19.0 18.7 18.3 18.0 17.7 17.3 17.0 16.7 16.3 16.0 15.7 15.3 15.0
(kWh) 234,240,545 254,559,668 274,847,166 301,517,285 322,751,726 334,313,184 360,309,858 387,454,895 416,313,364 438,515,892 469,912,922 501,092,195 531,328,458 561,376,519 593,486,096 627,503,469 651,757,783 679,943,367 704,512,117 734,437,167 762,369,819
Total Energy Consumption (kWh) 1,003,888,049 1,120,311,499 1,240,430,169 1,393,901,697 1,526,945,047 1,671,565,921 1,832,084,025 2,004,077,043 2,191,122,969 2,349,192,281 2,563,161,391 2,783,845,529 3,007,519,574 3,238,710,685 3,491,094,681 3,765,020,816 3,990,353,774 4,249,646,042 4,496,885,851 4,789,807,609 5,082,465,460
Peak Power Demand (MW) 205.90 228.38 251.46 280.57 305.13 331.17 359.94 390.57 423.45 450.41 487.66 529.65 572.21 616.19 664.21 716.33 759.20 808.53 855.57 911.30 966.98
Load Factor (%) 55.7 56.0 56.3 56.7 57.1 57.6 58.1 58.6 59.1 59.5 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0
Energy Demand Forecast by Catergory (Reference)

Industrial (kWh) 156,345,625 175,905,428 204,996,288 243,505,057 276,672,777 328,925,619 380,280,795 425,825,217 488,952,877 531,108,888 615,496,809 655,314,693 711,132,897 771,116,548 851,569,073 936,063,798 994,019,008 1,076,081,264 1,144,335,036 1,233,832,045 1,329,786,668
Agriculture (kWh) 52,257,163 52,257,163 52,257,163 64,846,315 64,895,995 65,164,123 65,165,323 77,564,323 83,328,483 83,328,483 83,329,683 96,186,963 96,237,843 96,237,843 97,004,175 109,096,323 109,146,003 109,691,955 110,181,195 122,003,283 122,052,963
Services (kWh) 200,486,593 226,024,258 252,817,698 281,621,751 312,829,670 344,797,960 378,539,135 413,508,422 450,087,026 489,140,978 530,584,632 580,990,792 633,100,253 687,971,871 744,541,108 804,451,292 864,287,088 927,850,629 994,031,174 1,063,604,652 1,136,360,628
Residential (kWh) 360,315,819 411,291,785 455,511,853 502,411,288 549,794,879 598,365,035 647,788,914 699,724,186 752,441,218 807,098,040 863,837,345 950,260,885 1,035,720,123 1,122,007,904 1,204,494,229 1,287,905,933 1,371,143,891 1,456,078,827 1,543,826,329 1,635,930,462 1,731,895,382
Total (kWh) 769,405,200 865,478,634 965,583,003 1,092,384,412 1,204,193,321 1,337,252,737 1,471,774,167 1,616,622,148 1,774,809,605 1,910,676,389 2,093,248,469 2,282,753,334 2,476,191,116 2,677,334,167 2,897,608,586 3,137,517,347 3,338,595,991 3,569,702,675 3,792,373,734 4,055,370,442 4,320,095,641
Table 5.4-20 Energy Demand Froecast of All Districts
(Unit : MWh)
Province Code District 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
01 Vientiane Mun. Sub-total 413,661 489,860 528,902 558,439 594,602 627,493 656,934 693,457 736,145 776,670 819,690 865,130 913,305 958,287 1,005,635 1,055,475 1,111,936 1,166,758 1,224,444 1,285,146 1,352,958 1,420,156
0101 Chanthabuly 49,512 58,107 61,419 64,924 68,669 72,667 76,287 80,725 85,426 90,405 95,679 101,265 106,566 112,146 118,018 124,198 130,703 137,503 144,657 152,185 160,106 168,441
0102 Sikhottabong 63,914 74,768 78,958 83,444 88,238 93,355 97,984 103,666 109,683 116,055 122,805 129,954 136,732 143,865 151,372 159,273 167,588 176,282 185,429 195,053 205,179 215,834
0103 Xaysetha 61,497 72,263 76,332 80,686 85,340 90,307 94,805 100,320 106,160 112,346 118,899 125,840 132,417 139,341 146,627 154,296 162,367 170,805 179,683 189,024 198,852 209,194
0104 Sisattanak 49,701 58,216 61,482 64,976 68,711 72,698 76,305 80,732 85,420 90,385 95,643 101,214 106,492 112,048 117,894 124,048 130,524 137,295 144,419 151,915 159,801 168,099
0105 Naxaithong 35,861 42,303 44,942 47,508 50,251 53,179 55,869 59,120 62,563 66,210 70,115 74,207 78,087 82,170 86,468 90,990 95,751 100,726 105,961 111,469 117,264 123,361
0106 Xaythany 68,139 82,343 87,960 93,933 101,666 107,659 113,069 119,659 128,014 135,396 143,213 151,491 160,582 168,717 177,280 186,291 197,110 207,011 217,429 228,390 241,236 253,365
0107 Hadxaifong 59,479 69,017 72,918 77,056 83,288 87,999 91,937 97,175 104,142 110,013 116,277 122,868 130,512 137,127 144,089 151,417 160,465 168,525 177,007 185,932 196,637 206,516
0108 Sangthong 6,305 8,694 9,722 10,723 11,781 12,898 14,012 15,210 16,442 17,491 18,606 19,741 20,729 21,766 22,857 24,004 25,209 26,463 27,780 29,164 30,618 32,146
0109 Mayparkngum 19,252 24,148 35,170 35,189 36,658 36,732 36,666 36,850 38,296 38,369 38,454 38,550 41,188 41,108 41,031 40,957 42,220 42,148 42,079 42,014 43,265 43,201
02 Phongsaly Sub-total 6,751 13,027 15,601 18,074 20,557 23,183 25,422 28,131 30,762 33,432 36,406 39,470 43,097 46,667 50,521 54,507 58,879 63,288 68,119 73,130 78,442 84,130
0201 Phongsaly 2,283 2,519 2,912 3,264 3,610 3,949 4,316 4,695 5,100 5,534 6,040 6,536 7,131 7,715 8,381 9,038 9,783 10,518 11,350 12,177 13,108 14,039
0202 May 0 1,287 1,572 1,874 2,196 2,538 2,789 3,167 3,511 3,818 4,146 4,497 5,087 5,626 6,126 6,655 7,215 7,754 8,377 9,036 9,678 10,415
0203 Khua 2,245 2,711 3,151 3,594 4,066 4,507 4,944 5,403 5,891 6,413 6,970 7,564 8,188 8,848 9,547 10,287 11,070 11,897 12,773 13,700 14,683 15,725
0204 Samphanh 0 1,420 1,850 2,220 2,663 3,133 3,464 3,833 4,159 4,465 4,836 5,231 5,716 6,182 6,724 7,247 7,851 8,488 9,108 9,819 10,516 11,311
0205 Boon neua 2,223 2,297 2,549 2,821 3,114 3,429 3,699 4,050 4,427 4,832 5,266 5,732 6,176 6,602 7,103 7,636 8,203 8,754 9,393 10,073 10,742 11,512
0206 Ngot ou 0 1,287 1,653 1,958 2,281 2,695 3,019 3,456 3,786 4,100 4,513 4,837 5,297 5,737 6,250 6,744 7,317 7,869 8,505 9,125 9,837 10,533
0207 Boontai 0 1,506 1,914 2,344 2,628 2,931 3,191 3,528 3,887 4,270 4,637 5,073 5,502 5,957 6,391 6,900 7,439 8,009 8,613 9,200 9,877 10,595
03 Luangnamtha Sub-total 11,668 13,325 15,735 18,450 21,235 24,202 26,727 29,932 33,137 36,322 39,593 43,223 48,350 53,472 58,904 63,968 69,132 73,898 79,014 84,439 90,084 96,188
0301 Namtha 4,609 4,997 5,660 6,433 7,256 7,993 8,548 9,275 10,051 10,815 11,590 12,467 13,430 14,453 15,538 16,692 17,966 19,258 20,630 22,088 23,637 25,285
0302 Sing 2,679 2,849 3,232 3,559 3,997 4,469 4,934 5,464 6,013 6,525 7,154 7,830 9,335 10,841 12,335 13,510 14,722 15,822 17,042 18,282 19,653 21,052
0303 Long 1,360 1,740 2,177 2,724 3,217 3,830 4,354 5,032 5,658 6,359 7,025 7,814 8,910 9,982 11,200 12,470 13,546 14,456 15,427 16,454 17,484 18,631
0304 Vienphoukha 1,326 1,763 2,258 2,866 3,406 4,031 4,585 5,277 5,937 6,532 7,080 7,672 8,165 8,640 9,192 9,729 10,349 11,002 11,642 12,377 13,103 13,931
0305 Nalae 1,694 1,976 2,409 2,869 3,358 3,878 4,306 4,884 5,479 6,092 6,745 7,440 8,511 9,556 10,640 11,567 12,549 13,360 14,272 15,238 16,206 17,289
04 Oudomxay Sub-total 10,569 17,605 21,720 25,880 30,257 34,966 38,999 43,581 48,202 53,057 58,185 63,265 69,930 76,689 84,101 91,329 98,594 105,534 112,780 120,511 128,708 137,393
0401 Xay 6,839 7,222 8,151 9,076 10,067 11,229 12,102 13,162 14,255 15,486 16,781 18,124 19,603 21,278 22,944 24,760 26,637 28,677 30,831 33,064 35,490 38,068
0402 La 1,938 2,343 2,845 3,411 4,074 4,564 5,043 5,483 6,023 6,535 7,041 7,629 8,313 8,929 9,631 10,327 11,177 11,961 12,848 13,737 14,796 15,804
0403 Namor 0 1,740 2,591 3,404 4,243 5,145 5,976 6,707 7,390 7,977 8,644 9,310 9,915 10,508 11,183 11,848 12,601 13,391 14,175 15,059 15,940 16,929
0404 Nga 0 1,554 2,122 2,806 3,442 4,098 4,715 5,403 6,131 6,978 7,699 8,304 8,873 9,430 10,066 10,690 11,400 12,146 12,883 13,717 14,546 15,480
0405 Beng 0 1,340 1,759 2,118 2,500 2,993 3,398 3,943 4,428 4,943 5,589 6,173 7,098 7,989 8,992 9,735 10,612 11,312 12,106 12,891 13,777 14,658
0406 Hoon 1,793 2,118 2,603 3,117 3,662 4,242 4,729 5,372 6,055 6,780 7,551 8,370 9,974 11,642 13,487 15,341 16,879 18,108 19,362 20,740 22,140 23,618
0407 Pakbeng 0 1,287 1,649 1,948 2,268 2,696 3,036 3,510 3,920 4,357 4,879 5,356 6,154 6,912 7,800 8,628 9,287 9,938 10,574 11,303 12,019 12,836
05 Bokeo Sub-total 4,887 10,102 12,823 15,301 17,761 20,406 22,493 24,870 27,271 29,902 32,573 35,451 38,803 41,817 44,707 47,540 50,531 53,562 56,868 60,361 63,996 67,894
0501 Huoixai 3,372 4,111 5,324 6,187 7,004 7,835 8,481 9,228 10,016 10,889 11,765 12,690 13,602 14,561 15,567 16,624 17,735 18,839 20,052 21,324 22,661 24,064
0502 Tonpheung 0 1,633 2,240 2,880 3,555 4,269 4,828 5,242 5,681 6,148 6,644 7,171 7,579 7,964 8,418 8,899 9,408 9,890 10,453 11,049 11,625 12,293
0503 Meung 0 1,265 1,525 1,786 2,063 2,359 2,582 2,909 3,212 3,502 3,813 4,146 4,545 4,884 5,252 5,594 6,008 6,445 6,856 7,347 7,813 8,366
0504 Pha oudom 1,514 1,807 2,163 2,591 2,978 3,460 3,868 4,400 4,891 5,489 6,046 6,718 8,002 8,880 9,547 10,075 10,633 11,217 11,836 12,492 13,186 13,921
0505 Paktha 0 1,287 1,572 1,857 2,160 2,484 2,734 3,091 3,471 3,875 4,305 4,727 5,075 5,529 5,922 6,348 6,749 7,171 7,672 8,149 8,711 9,250
0506 Special region 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
06 Luangprabang Sub-total 35,763 43,114 47,593 52,154 57,141 62,449 67,489 73,377 79,642 86,144 93,221 100,598 114,909 129,233 143,896 157,259 170,195 182,414 195,009 208,348 222,372 237,185
0601 Luangprabang 18,955 20,875 22,166 23,589 25,147 26,746 28,221 30,007 31,976 34,045 36,206 38,510 41,033 43,631 46,379 49,285 52,425 55,661 59,086 62,709 66,607 70,665
0602 Xieng ngeun 4,330 5,137 5,601 6,058 6,547 7,108 7,602 8,222 8,839 9,494 10,234 10,975 11,845 12,716 13,683 14,654 15,730 16,856 17,992 19,244 20,510 21,903
0603 Nan 2,175 2,444 2,823 3,292 3,723 4,251 4,701 5,282 5,824 6,476 7,089 7,820 8,956 9,636 10,402 11,162 11,964 12,804 13,744 14,682 15,672 16,740
0604 Park ou 0 1,257 1,510 1,695 1,978 2,279 2,578 2,910 3,263 3,542 3,938 4,337 5,485 6,778 7,705 8,465 9,134 9,884 10,622 11,398 12,271 13,146
0605 Nam bak 3,339 3,335 3,657 3,919 4,202 4,507 4,885 5,228 5,595 5,989 6,509 6,964 9,170 11,473 13,897 15,589 16,987 18,365 19,818 21,349 22,961 24,638
0606 Ngoi 1,809 1,963 2,266 2,589 2,932 3,296 3,565 3,966 4,392 4,844 5,324 5,833 7,401 8,941 10,561 12,178 13,738 14,997 16,105 17,271 18,497 19,758
0607 Pak xeng 0 1,308 1,697 2,024 2,371 2,826 3,192 3,691 4,125 4,585 5,149 5,646 6,565 7,617 8,638 9,563 10,492 11,203 11,950 12,736 13,619 14,491
0608 Phonxay 0 1,259 1,514 1,701 1,987 2,291 2,592 2,928 3,284 3,566 3,964 4,388 5,401 6,362 7,460 8,411 9,225 9,899 10,619 11,377 12,120 12,959
0609 Chomphet 2,136 2,257 2,474 2,773 3,094 3,367 3,702 4,008 4,409 4,837 5,215 5,701 6,955 8,194 9,452 10,255 11,061 11,855 12,747 13,688 14,626 15,685
0610 Viengkham 1,379 1,574 1,897 2,322 2,687 3,075 3,457 3,885 4,338 4,914 5,426 5,968 7,327 8,736 10,219 11,778 13,128 14,117 15,122 16,180 17,291 18,461
0611 Phoukhoue 1,642 1,704 1,989 2,190 2,473 2,704 2,995 3,251 3,597 3,853 4,167 4,456 4,771 5,149 5,500 5,919 6,311 6,772 7,205 7,715 8,197 8,739
07 Huaphanh Sub-total 10,501 12,601 16,724 20,810 25,313 29,651 33,750 38,066 42,670 47,211 51,989 56,580 62,773 68,880 74,986 81,369 87,874 93,969 100,563 107,280 114,331 121,439
0701 Xamneua 1,304 1,713 2,707 3,682 4,704 5,712 6,493 7,292 8,131 9,012 9,840 10,593 11,271 12,027 12,770 13,597 14,413 15,304 16,182 17,155 18,117 19,167
0702 Xieng khor 663 930 1,558 2,149 2,768 3,250 3,631 4,132 4,551 4,922 5,355 5,765 6,120 6,492 6,881 7,288 7,714 8,100 8,557 9,034 9,533 10,054
0703 Viengthong 2,533 2,794 3,268 3,770 4,320 4,887 5,514 6,142 6,823 7,530 8,278 8,944 9,790 10,469 11,233 11,991 12,856 13,696 14,635 15,573 16,633 17,681
0704 Viengxay 598 803 1,274 1,700 2,214 2,754 3,292 3,884 4,506 5,083 5,765 6,388 7,129 7,754 8,370 9,063 9,740 10,438 11,169 11,933 12,732 13,601
0705 Huameuang 1,773 2,047 2,447 2,872 3,323 3,801 4,202 4,728 5,285 5,876 6,502 7,165 8,260 9,413 10,387 11,291 12,170 12,997 13,867 14,785 15,751 16,770
0706 Xamtay 2,330 2,677 3,144 3,724 4,319 4,862 5,464 6,066 6,778 7,532 8,252 9,094 10,781 12,641 14,511 16,566 18,636 20,293 22,126 23,956 25,753 27,400
0707 Sopbao 686 854 1,194 1,485 1,857 2,178 2,551 2,778 3,092 3,345 3,619 3,864 4,160 4,424 4,748 5,039 5,395 5,709 6,092 6,438 6,856 7,259
0708 Add 614 783 1,130 1,428 1,809 2,208 2,604 3,043 3,504 3,911 4,378 4,766 5,263 5,661 6,087 6,533 6,951 7,431 7,934 8,406 8,956 9,507
1/4
(Unit : MWh)
08 Xayabury Sub-total 23,873 27,998 33,895 40,229 46,749 53,737 60,066 67,327 74,545 82,108 89,753 97,913 107,957 118,112 128,172 138,819 150,382 162,002 174,252 186,434 199,099 212,036
0801 Xayabury 5,182 5,937 7,070 8,200 9,537 10,871 12,180 13,659 15,293 16,867 18,608 20,447 22,959 25,197 27,043 29,076 31,205 33,134 35,167 37,254 39,575 41,949
0802 Khop 1,520 1,687 1,976 2,284 2,593 2,924 3,249 3,617 4,009 4,426 4,870 5,343 6,276 7,345 8,385 9,482 10,728 11,948 13,233 14,587 16,114 17,618
0803 Hongsa 2,158 2,766 3,505 4,351 5,176 6,119 6,985 8,024 9,049 10,207 11,353 12,644 14,650 16,759 18,892 21,223 23,673 26,248 28,953 31,117 32,962 34,856
0804 Ngeun 1,590 1,892 2,332 2,798 3,292 3,816 4,264 4,843 5,456 6,107 6,796 7,526 8,699 9,935 11,236 12,607 14,049 15,567 17,260 18,944 20,715 22,436
0805 Xienghone 1,874 2,094 2,468 2,898 3,287 3,702 4,110 4,573 5,065 5,666 6,227 6,824 7,823 8,792 9,902 10,984 12,216 13,516 14,791 16,234 17,655 19,257
0806 Phiang 2,399 3,020 3,784 4,656 5,509 6,479 7,371 8,442 9,499 10,531 11,366 12,258 12,843 13,461 14,113 14,753 15,480 16,235 17,033 17,877 18,770 19,681
0807 Parklai 2,727 3,537 4,523 5,629 6,801 8,029 9,177 10,365 11,335 12,362 13,371 14,448 15,290 16,150 17,009 17,915 18,991 19,988 21,040 22,151 23,447 24,687
0808 Kenethao 4,114 4,411 4,994 5,614 6,165 6,713 7,176 7,720 8,301 8,922 9,585 10,293 10,871 11,484 12,136 12,828 13,563 14,336 15,157 16,031 16,960 17,949
0809 Botene 2,309 2,653 3,243 3,800 4,390 5,085 5,554 6,082 6,536 7,020 7,578 8,129 8,546 8,987 9,455 9,952 10,478 11,031 11,617 12,240 12,901 13,604
0810 Thongmyxay 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
09 Xiengkhuang Sub-total 13,465 16,768 18,944 21,232 23,726 26,307 28,663 31,502 34,568 37,763 41,191 44,909 53,831 63,170 72,976 80,975 89,018 96,854 104,175 111,785 119,454 127,484
0901 Pek 3,342 3,627 4,084 4,636 5,222 5,776 6,382 7,001 7,733 8,509 9,254 10,125 12,972 15,969 18,948 20,437 22,007 23,589 25,309 27,122 29,031 31,044
0902 Kham 3,272 3,541 4,048 4,587 5,161 5,771 6,297 6,976 7,697 8,463 9,277 10,142 11,762 13,384 15,181 16,608 17,797 18,946 20,214 21,553 22,969 24,432
0903 Nonghed 1,802 1,814 2,035 2,189 2,356 2,538 2,801 3,008 3,232 3,473 3,831 4,114 5,616 7,178 8,911 10,648 12,477 14,402 15,920 17,396 18,624 19,918
0904 Khoune 2,016 2,148 2,349 2,633 2,936 3,261 3,509 3,870 4,256 4,668 5,030 5,499 6,906 8,389 9,953 11,512 13,023 14,214 15,298 16,398 17,559 18,763
0905 Morkmay 0 1,223 1,430 1,650 1,868 2,102 2,262 2,521 2,798 3,093 3,409 3,748 4,019 4,392 4,701 5,117 5,468 5,934 6,333 6,855 7,308 7,862
0906 Phookood 0 1,259 1,504 1,681 1,939 2,214 2,487 2,793 3,120 3,392 3,760 4,154 4,891 5,668 6,488 7,265 8,175 9,028 9,595 10,195 10,831 11,470
0907 Phaxay 3,033 3,157 3,494 3,856 4,243 4,646 4,925 5,332 5,734 6,166 6,629 7,128 7,665 8,189 8,794 9,388 10,071 10,741 11,507 12,267 13,132 13,996
10 Vientiane Sub-total 60,717 72,513 79,021 95,791 104,744 122,843 130,534 140,118 151,687 162,711 174,760 187,781 205,941 223,608 242,091 260,849 282,308 302,907 323,408 345,102 369,466 394,421
1001 Phonhong 16,265 18,979 20,314 21,818 23,796 25,601 27,313 29,408 32,005 34,492 37,163 40,127 44,238 48,213 51,940 55,768 60,229 64,577 69,310 74,405 80,175 86,084
1002 Thoulakhom 16,517 19,390 20,853 22,459 24,585 26,514 28,389 30,613 33,391 36,031 38,912 42,058 45,356 48,527 51,941 55,619 59,924 64,169 68,744 73,679 79,340 85,083
1003 Keo oudom 6,404 7,548 8,116 8,775 9,825 10,611 11,336 12,240 13,537 14,604 15,724 16,990 18,491 19,729 21,061 22,496 24,435 26,091 27,875 29,798 32,212 34,449
1004 Kaxy 1,656 2,221 2,638 3,016 3,420 3,922 4,351 4,913 5,438 6,000 6,679 7,325 8,351 9,436 10,545 11,678 12,664 13,512 14,412 15,370 16,388 17,472
1005 Vangvieng 7,366 9,108 10,111 21,107 22,279 33,204 34,242 35,608 37,161 38,840 40,577 42,539 44,906 47,383 50,072 52,295 54,617 57,084 59,678 62,515 65,505 68,773
1006 Feuang 2,184 2,201 2,478 2,695 2,932 3,279 3,535 3,930 4,262 4,624 5,117 5,550 7,388 9,246 11,296 13,373 15,659 18,072 19,743 21,134 22,554 24,119
1007 Xanakharm 3,343 3,473 3,861 4,197 4,646 5,113 5,571 6,104 6,678 7,220 7,885 8,603 10,403 12,306 14,319 16,448 18,790 20,772 22,230 23,780 25,426 27,177
1008 Mad 0 1,244 1,499 1,773 2,068 2,387 2,619 2,959 3,326 3,723 4,151 4,614 5,107 5,633 6,195 6,795 7,435 8,119 8,850 9,588 10,307 11,080
1009 Hinhurp 2,219 2,858 3,182 3,530 3,907 4,313 4,751 5,215 5,714 6,252 6,764 7,291 7,788 8,321 8,892 9,505 10,163 10,863 11,614 12,422 13,289 14,222
1010 Viengkham 4,764 5,491 5,968 6,422 7,286 7,899 8,427 9,130 10,175 10,925 11,787 12,682 13,913 14,812 15,828 16,872 18,392 19,650 20,953 22,412 24,268 25,962
11 Borikhamxay Sub-total 18,066 21,479 23,616 26,136 30,836 33,600 35,996 39,068 44,359 47,840 51,271 54,948 63,086 69,045 74,971 81,423 89,719 95,865 102,360 109,321 117,297 124,190
1101 Pakxanh 5,435 6,027 6,378 6,826 7,932 8,447 8,856 9,410 10,611 11,246 11,886 12,618 14,735 15,880 16,906 17,997 19,794 21,012 22,308 23,685 25,729 27,286
1102 Thaphabath 4,372 4,939 5,224 5,571 6,778 7,179 7,510 7,964 9,262 9,785 10,304 10,909 12,256 12,887 13,513 14,230 15,728 16,480 17,337 18,198 19,944 20,927
1103 Pakkading 976 1,637 2,262 2,919 4,234 4,957 5,601 6,400 7,848 8,663 9,487 10,203 11,341 11,907 12,455 13,081 14,327 15,005 15,719 16,997 17,785 18,614
1104 Bolikhanh 1,681 1,898 2,214 2,616 2,975 3,356 3,730 4,157 4,609 5,166 5,678 6,223 6,827 7,267 7,732 8,225 8,748 9,244 9,822 10,435 11,085 11,774
1105 Khamkheuth 5,602 5,695 6,015 6,427 6,869 7,343 7,715 8,251 8,823 9,433 10,006 10,700 13,024 15,473 18,055 20,774 23,249 25,452 27,773 29,964 32,037 34,205
1106 Viengthong 0 1,282 1,522 1,777 2,048 2,318 2,584 2,886 3,206 3,547 3,909 4,294 4,904 5,630 6,310 7,115 7,873 8,672 9,401 10,041 10,717 11,384
12 Khammuane Sub-total 65,777 74,688 82,132 90,265 102,470 112,415 144,868 164,788 185,743 232,742 251,617 281,276 304,072 329,229 367,237 406,837 450,813 474,614 504,289 531,133 562,716 593,160
1201 Thakhek 30,609 32,885 35,583 38,526 42,417 46,039 68,743 77,652 82,758 111,343 121,421 131,965 138,037 148,611 164,283 171,188 197,729 205,752 219,027 228,471 239,321 250,459
1202 Mahaxay 4,022 4,656 5,298 5,925 6,993 7,799 8,599 13,335 14,624 19,388 20,512 21,730 23,924 25,536 34,344 35,804 37,672 39,342 41,135 43,060 45,424 47,644
1203 Nongbok 18,880 20,140 21,765 23,524 26,147 28,294 30,449 32,956 36,370 39,390 42,750 46,399 50,422 54,108 58,094 62,407 67,677 72,709 78,158 84,058 91,043 97,967
1204 Hinboon 6,814 7,592 8,321 9,185 10,929 11,952 12,890 14,071 16,133 17,526 18,965 20,616 25,245 29,342 33,696 36,721 40,392 43,484 46,790 50,379 54,905 58,952
1205 Ngommalath 2,002 2,197 2,477 2,696 3,257 3,606 3,863 4,262 4,910 5,278 5,777 6,218 8,043 9,650 11,350 13,061 15,264 17,084 18,545 19,964 21,679 23,159
1206 Bualapha 0 1,367 1,735 2,043 2,458 2,902 3,347 3,845 4,376 4,848 5,431 6,033 7,061 8,232 9,383 10,599 11,976 13,337 14,775 16,295 17,922 19,271
1207 Nakai 17 426 701 1,075 1,468 1,882 2,210 2,627 3,066 3,530 3,941 4,455 5,003 5,662 6,270 6,908 7,578 8,376 9,119 9,885 10,539 11,278
1208 Xebangfay 3,433 3,957 4,387 4,921 5,980 6,605 7,152 7,867 9,107 16,430 17,231 18,184 20,087 21,226 22,386 23,551 25,253 26,535 27,966 29,505 31,604 33,382
1209 Xaybuathong 0 1,468 1,865 2,370 2,821 3,336 7,615 8,174 14,398 15,010 15,588 25,675 26,249 26,862 27,431 46,599 47,272 47,996 48,775 49,515 50,279 51,048
13 Savannakhet Sub-total 64,163 77,065 89,543 102,882 139,258 153,921 176,473 211,598 242,678 261,395 280,587 338,684 373,505 405,451 436,670 485,101 534,599 563,891 594,934 626,404 680,409 733,572
1301 Khanthabouly 23,584 29,337 31,748 34,405 38,269 41,400 52,054 55,585 71,755 75,836 80,215 103,780 109,285 114,185 119,442 125,082 150,449 156,799 163,619 170,944 179,717 206,203
1302 Outhoomphone 5,275 6,286 7,459 8,638 9,959 11,364 12,751 14,322 15,990 17,687 19,570 21,573 24,741 27,827 30,154 32,621 35,040 37,519 40,148 42,938 45,953 49,096
1303 Atsaphangthong 2,847 3,575 4,469 5,480 6,549 7,611 9,372 10,553 11,878 13,912 15,317 16,886 19,990 22,602 24,586 27,070 28,838 30,682 33,240 35,245 37,422 39,724
1304 Phine 1,757 2,254 3,048 3,951 4,831 5,761 6,617 7,645 8,731 9,879 11,013 12,291 14,497 16,902 19,344 21,224 22,797 24,383 26,055 27,817 29,728 31,686
1305 Sepone 2,489 2,687 3,217 3,845 24,113 24,569 24,861 44,512 45,201 45,851 46,476 65,923 67,834 69,781 71,761 92,330 94,633 97,008 99,238 100,924 120,934 122,538
1306 Nong 426 679 1,054 1,532 2,035 2,475 2,967 3,417 3,965 4,543 5,073 5,711 6,984 8,323 9,642 10,844 11,991 12,894 13,841 14,782 15,825 16,919
1307 Thapangthong 14 827 1,597 2,488 3,423 4,281 5,210 5,794 6,379 6,997 7,571 8,257 9,060 9,990 10,881 11,819 12,773 13,587 14,442 15,341 16,341 17,335
1308 Songkhone 5,628 6,660 7,933 9,217 10,976 12,496 13,996 15,696 17,819 19,660 21,696 23,862 28,373 32,716 37,203 40,375 43,668 46,694 49,950 53,398 57,296 61,162
1309 Champhone 13,272 14,116 15,539 17,135 19,502 21,273 23,057 25,070 27,937 30,330 32,822 35,580 40,744 44,269 47,596 51,095 55,490 59,425 63,674 68,154 73,594 78,697
1310 Xonbuly 1,799 2,453 3,284 4,108 5,141 6,059 6,901 7,919 9,152 10,288 11,490 12,605 13,794 14,885 15,953 17,169 18,609 19,951 21,144 22,460 24,003 25,452
1311 Xaybuly 6,271 6,403 6,975 7,527 8,450 9,165 9,785 10,598 11,716 12,579 13,589 14,599 17,454 20,021 22,708 25,399 27,604 29,550 31,676 33,939 36,596 39,163
1312 Vilabuly 96 420 994 1,512 2,140 2,676 3,263 3,835 4,510 5,143 5,886 6,586 7,687 8,841 10,053 11,234 12,563 13,956 15,044 16,107 17,131 18,077
1313 Atsaphone 706 1,367 2,226 3,044 3,869 4,789 5,639 6,652 7,644 8,690 9,870 11,032 13,061 15,109 17,346 18,840 20,144 21,444 22,863 24,356 25,870 27,520
1314 Xayphoothong 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1315 Thaphalanxay 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2/4
(Unit : MWh)
14 Saravane Sub-total 16,209 20,515 26,341 32,173 39,712 45,566 51,082 56,731 63,535 68,950 74,522 80,344 88,006 94,351 101,240 108,303 117,152 124,711 132,860 141,583 151,934 161,565
1401 Saravane 4,366 5,009 6,422 7,843 9,761 10,912 11,965 13,098 14,673 15,774 16,986 18,230 19,987 21,465 22,979 24,578 26,711 28,472 30,333 32,297 34,817 37,009
1402 Ta oi 1,251 1,587 2,019 2,460 2,927 3,424 3,918 4,470 5,056 5,678 6,338 7,039 7,843 8,443 9,125 9,719 10,348 11,008 11,708 12,505 13,293 14,130
1403 Toomlarn 0 1,420 1,834 2,171 2,597 3,050 3,502 4,005 4,540 5,032 5,509 6,004 6,571 7,088 7,721 8,352 8,938 9,504 10,157 10,849 11,529 12,307
1404 Lakhonepheng 1,408 1,722 2,344 2,999 3,687 4,412 5,203 6,006 6,851 7,597 8,164 8,765 9,505 10,238 11,058 11,921 12,830 13,723 14,716 15,761 16,805 17,961
1405 Vapy 2,559 2,704 3,219 3,696 4,538 4,909 5,332 5,717 6,535 6,971 7,481 7,980 8,995 9,642 10,329 11,055 12,220 12,972 13,822 14,723 16,064 17,073
1406 Khongxedone 3,930 4,259 5,079 5,886 7,299 8,075 8,630 9,287 10,530 11,274 12,068 12,916 14,430 15,465 16,561 17,722 19,527 20,811 22,169 23,608 25,650 27,262
1407 Lao ngarm 1,478 2,147 3,235 4,377 5,577 6,838 8,026 9,191 9,946 10,744 11,587 12,477 13,352 14,273 15,243 16,263 17,386 18,501 19,673 20,906 22,203 23,568
1408 Samuoi 1,217 1,667 2,189 2,742 3,326 3,946 4,506 4,957 5,404 5,880 6,389 6,932 7,322 7,736 8,224 8,693 9,192 9,720 10,282 10,934 11,573 12,254
15 Sekong Sub-total 5,162 8,551 10,177 11,799 13,692 15,701 17,581 19,563 21,562 23,486 25,563 27,852 30,673 33,575 36,513 39,655 42,987 46,011 49,129 52,096 55,401 58,782
1501 Lamarm 2,547 2,877 3,387 3,928 4,502 5,111 5,676 6,161 6,611 7,091 7,603 8,149 8,623 9,125 9,658 10,223 10,822 11,450 12,118 12,826 13,578 14,376
1502 Kaleum 0 1,346 1,674 1,939 2,307 2,697 3,085 3,480 3,899 4,269 4,739 5,240 5,958 6,716 7,429 8,269 9,135 9,850 10,518 11,125 11,821 12,557
1503 Dakcheung 0 1,456 1,902 2,291 2,788 3,315 3,840 4,404 4,962 5,477 6,101 6,761 7,725 8,823 9,894 11,020 12,191 13,191 14,202 15,089 16,079 17,064
1504 Thateng 2,615 2,874 3,212 3,640 4,095 4,579 4,981 5,518 6,089 6,650 7,120 7,703 8,368 8,911 9,533 10,143 10,839 11,519 12,292 13,057 13,923 14,784
16 Champasack Sub-total 63,877 68,287 77,564 87,288 98,636 109,379 119,420 130,700 143,952 163,624 176,383 189,725 205,836 232,142 248,128 265,345 284,266 303,082 341,615 363,072 386,953 411,168
1601 Pakse 22,671 22,055 23,602 25,246 27,147 29,128 30,980 33,240 35,746 45,907 48,720 51,722 54,735 69,015 72,297 75,813 79,738 83,760 106,321 110,873 115,865 121,115
1602 Sannasomboon 9,349 9,617 10,436 11,323 12,394 13,430 14,468 15,610 16,948 18,272 19,699 21,238 23,110 24,942 26,942 29,073 31,448 33,796 36,352 39,077 42,029 45,125
1603 Bachiangchaleunso 4,385 4,757 5,578 6,383 7,165 7,844 8,477 9,174 9,921 10,722 11,624 12,547 13,598 14,761 15,948 17,257 18,598 20,010 21,562 23,157 24,908 26,712
1604 Pakxong 3,593 4,275 5,148 6,073 7,053 8,092 8,853 9,635 10,469 11,361 12,313 13,294 14,512 15,755 17,120 18,517 20,047 21,602 23,302 25,050 26,958 28,923
1605 Pathoomphone 2,036 2,639 3,358 4,147 5,025 5,834 6,635 7,533 8,592 9,672 10,580 11,402 12,460 13,398 14,342 15,340 16,551 17,655 18,822 20,056 21,520 22,909
1606 Phonthong 11,964 12,260 13,287 14,362 15,675 16,937 18,189 19,620 21,311 22,973 24,808 26,743 29,064 31,375 33,886 36,560 39,516 42,479 45,691 49,115 52,815 56,708
1607 Champasack 4,879 5,380 6,195 7,128 8,164 9,216 9,983 10,854 11,821 12,747 13,698 14,763 16,135 17,478 18,950 20,465 22,178 23,869 25,665 27,626 29,757 31,910
1608 Sukhuma 2,767 3,124 3,810 4,457 5,346 6,069 6,856 7,669 8,720 9,650 10,722 11,788 13,629 14,812 15,868 17,041 18,345 19,609 21,008 22,444 24,133 25,766
1609 Moonlapamok 1,513 1,980 2,487 3,071 3,912 4,564 5,140 5,861 6,896 7,648 8,422 9,322 10,167 10,803 11,524 12,502 13,203 13,990 14,823 15,758 16,899 17,886
1610 Khong 720 2,201 3,663 5,097 6,756 8,264 9,839 11,504 13,529 14,673 15,797 16,906 18,427 19,803 21,251 22,777 24,643 26,312 28,069 29,917 32,070 34,116
17 Attapeu Sub-total 4,141 9,056 11,154 13,170 15,224 17,405 19,589 22,011 24,580 26,932 29,147 31,419 33,399 35,541 37,723 40,083 42,583 45,050 47,876 50,710 53,881 57,073
1701 Xaysetha 0 1,500 2,057 2,560 3,091 3,721 4,280 4,974 5,633 6,130 6,612 7,043 7,534 8,005 8,549 9,124 9,731 10,313 10,980 11,683 12,371 13,155
1702 Samakkhixay 2,699 3,056 3,570 4,012 4,331 4,675 4,963 5,347 5,757 6,196 6,622 7,124 7,536 8,020 8,488 8,985 9,563 10,121 10,715 11,348 12,076 12,795
1703 Sanamxay 1,442 1,771 2,136 2,590 3,070 3,510 4,013 4,504 5,097 5,726 6,314 6,887 7,352 7,796 8,315 8,814 9,393 9,947 10,587 11,210 11,925 12,626
1704 Sanxay 0 1,420 1,812 2,142 2,560 3,003 3,444 3,935 4,455 4,894 5,330 5,795 6,167 6,607 6,985 7,435 7,861 8,308 8,834 9,338 9,927 10,494
1705 Phouvong 0 1,308 1,579 1,866 2,172 2,497 2,889 3,252 3,637 3,986 4,268 4,570 4,811 5,113 5,386 5,724 6,034 6,361 6,760 7,131 7,582 8,004
18 Xaysomboon Sub-total 4,162 7,333 8,825 10,358 11,988 13,721 15,479 17,266 19,039 20,835 22,740 24,593 26,373 28,250 30,239 32,260 34,053 35,943 37,950 40,030 42,308 44,630
1801 Sayxomboun 1,430 1,693 2,004 2,401 2,821 3,267 3,640 4,133 4,590 4,974 5,309 5,711 6,001 6,309 6,589 6,936 7,304 7,691 8,103 8,488 8,953 9,449
1802 Thathom 1,297 1,462 1,725 1,987 2,266 2,564 2,928 3,261 3,617 3,994 4,397 4,762 5,003 5,259 5,617 5,909 6,220 6,547 6,896 7,366 7,765 8,190
1803 Longsane 0 1,300 1,661 1,942 2,240 2,627 2,986 3,413 3,792 4,238 4,743 5,198 5,896 6,587 7,314 8,084 8,513 8,998 9,553 10,095 10,668 11,264
1804 Hom 0 1,410 1,773 2,223 2,631 3,064 3,494 3,833 4,133 4,496 4,838 5,204 5,451 5,666 5,942 6,188 6,499 6,776 7,124 7,440 7,833 8,230
1805 Phun 1,435 1,468 1,663 1,806 2,029 2,198 2,432 2,625 2,907 3,132 3,453 3,717 4,022 4,430 4,776 5,144 5,517 5,930 6,274 6,641 7,088 7,497
Grand Total 833,412 1,003,888 1,120,311 1,240,430 1,393,902 1,526,945 1,671,566 1,832,084 2,004,077 2,191,123 2,349,192 2,563,161 2,783,846 3,007,520 3,238,711 3,491,095 3,765,021 3,990,354 4,249,646 4,496,886 4,789,808 5,082,465
3/4
Table 5.4-21 Peak Demand Froecast of All Districts
(Unit : MW)
01 Vientiane Mun. Sub-total 81.2 94.7 102.1 107.6 114.4 120.5 126.0 132.8 140.7 148.2 156.2 164.6 173.8 182.3 191.3 200.8 211.6 222.0 233.0 244.5 257.4 270.2
0101 Chanthabuly 9.7 11.2 11.9 12.5 13.2 14.0 14.6 15.5 16.3 17.3 18.2 19.3 20.3 21.3 22.5 23.6 24.9 26.2 27.5 29.0 30.5 32.0
0102 Sikhottabong 12.6 14.5 15.2 16.1 17.0 17.9 18.8 19.8 21.0 22.1 23.4 24.7 26.0 27.4 28.8 30.3 31.9 33.5 35.3 37.1 39.0 41.1
0103 Xaysetha 12.1 14.0 14.7 15.5 16.4 17.3 18.2 19.2 20.3 21.4 22.7 23.9 25.2 26.5 27.9 29.4 30.9 32.5 34.2 36.0 37.8 39.8
0104 Sisattanak 9.8 11.3 11.9 12.5 13.2 14.0 14.6 15.5 16.3 17.3 18.2 19.3 20.3 21.3 22.4 23.6 24.8 26.1 27.5 28.9 30.4 32.0
0105 Naxaithong 7.0 8.2 8.7 9.2 9.7 10.2 10.7 11.3 12.0 12.6 13.4 14.1 14.9 15.6 16.5 17.3 18.2 19.2 20.2 21.2 22.3 23.5
0106 Xaythany 13.4 15.9 17.0 18.1 19.6 20.7 21.7 22.9 24.5 25.8 27.3 28.8 30.6 32.1 33.7 35.4 37.5 39.4 41.4 43.5 45.9 48.2
0107 Hadxaifong 11.7 13.3 14.1 14.8 16.0 16.9 17.6 18.6 19.9 21.0 22.2 23.4 24.8 26.1 27.4 28.8 30.5 32.1 33.7 35.4 37.4 39.3
0108 Sangthong 1.2 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.3 5.5 5.8 6.1
0109 Mayparkngum 3.8 4.7 6.8 6.8 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.1 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.3 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.2 8.2
02 Phongsaly Sub-total 1.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.4 4.9 5.3 5.7 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.5 8.2 8.9 9.6 10.4 11.2 12.0 13.0 13.9 14.9 16.0
0201 Phongsaly 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.7
0202 May 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0
0203 Khua 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0
0204 Samphanh 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2
0205 Boon neua 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2
0206 Ngot ou 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0
0207 Boontai 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0
03 Luangnamtha Sub-total 2.7 3.0 3.5 4.1 4.6 5.1 5.5 6.1 6.6 7.1 7.7 8.2 9.2 10.2 11.2 12.2 13.2 14.1 15.0 16.1 17.1 18.3
0301 Namtha 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8
0302 Sing 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7 4.0
0303 Long 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5
0304 Vienphoukha 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7
0305 Nalae 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3
04 Oudomxay Sub-total 2.4 4.0 4.9 5.7 6.5 7.4 8.1 8.9 9.7 10.4 11.3 12.0 13.3 14.6 16.0 17.4 18.8 20.1 21.5 22.9 24.5 26.1
0401 Xay 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.4 4.7 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.3 6.8 7.2
0402 La 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0
0403 Namor 0.0 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.2
0404 Nga 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 2.9
0405 Beng 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8
0406 Hoon 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.9 4.2 4.5
0407 Pakbeng 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.4
05 Bokeo Sub-total 1.0 2.1 2.7 3.2 3.6 4.1 4.5 4.9 5.4 5.8 6.3 6.7 7.4 8.0 8.5 9.0 9.6 10.2 10.8 11.5 12.2 12.9
0501 Huoixai 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.1 4.3 4.6
0502 Tonpheung 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3
0503 Meung 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
0504 Pha oudom 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6
0505 Paktha 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8
0506 Special region
06 Luangprabang Sub-total 7.2 8.8 9.6 10.5 11.4 12.4 13.3 14.4 15.5 16.6 17.9 19.1 21.9 24.6 27.4 29.9 32.4 34.7 37.1 39.6 42.3 45.1
0601 Luangprabang 3.6 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 6.1 6.5 6.9 7.3 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.4 10.0 10.6 11.2 11.9 12.7 13.4
0602 Xieng ngeun 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.9 4.2
0603 Nan 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2
0604 Park ou 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5
0605 Nam bak 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.7 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7
0606 Ngoi 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.8
0607 Pak xeng 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8
0608 Phonxay 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5
0609 Chomphet 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0
0610 Viengkham 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5
0611 Phoukhoue 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7
07 Huaphanh Sub-total 2.7 3.1 4.1 4.9 5.8 6.6 7.3 8.0 8.8 9.4 10.1 10.8 11.9 13.1 14.3 15.5 16.7 17.9 19.1 20.4 21.8 23.1
0701 Xamneua 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.6
0702 Xieng khor 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
0703 Viengthong 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4
0704 Viengxay 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6
0705 Huameuang 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2
0706 Xamtay 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 2.1 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.2 4.6 4.9 5.2
0707 Sopbao 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4
0708 Add 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8
08 Xayabury Sub-total 5.5 6.4 7.6 8.8 10.1 11.4 12.5 13.7 14.9 16.2 17.4 18.6 20.5 22.5 24.4 26.4 28.6 30.8 33.2 35.5 37.9 40.3
0801 Xayabury 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.4 4.8 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.3 6.7 7.1 7.5 8.0
0802 Khop 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.4
0803 Hongsa 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 5.9 6.3 6.6
0804 Ngeun 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.3
0805 Xienghone 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.7
0806 Phiang 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.7
0807 Parklai 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.7
0808 Kenethao 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.2 3.4
0809 Botene 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6
0810 Thongmyxay
09 Xiengkhuang Sub-total 3.1 3.8 4.2 4.7 5.1 5.6 5.9 6.4 6.9 7.4 8.0 8.5 10.2 12.0 13.9 15.4 16.9 18.4 19.8 21.3 22.7 24.3
0901 Pek 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.5 3.0 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.2 5.5 5.9
0902 Kham 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.6
0903 Nonghed 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.1 1.4 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.8
0904 Khoune 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.3 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.6
0905 Morkmay 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5
0906 Phookood 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2
0907 Phaxay 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.7
10 Vientiane Sub-total 14.9 16.8 17.9 21.3 22.8 26.2 27.3 28.7 30.5 32.1 33.9 35.7 39.2 42.5 46.1 49.6 53.7 57.6 61.5 65.7 70.3 75.0
1001 Phonhong 4.0 4.4 4.6 4.9 5.2 5.5 5.7 6.0 6.4 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.4 9.2 9.9 10.6 11.5 12.3 13.2 14.2 15.3 16.4
1002 Thoulakhom 4.1 4.5 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.6 5.9 6.3 6.7 7.1 7.5 8.0 8.6 9.2 9.9 10.6 11.4 12.2 13.1 14.0 15.1 16.2
1003 Keo oudom 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.6
1004 Kaxy 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3
1005 Vangvieng 1.8 2.1 2.3 4.7 4.9 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.5 7.7 7.9 8.1 8.5 9.0 9.5 9.9 10.4 10.9 11.4 11.9 12.5 13.1
1006 Feuang 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.1 2.5 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.6
1007 Xanakharm 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.2
1008 Mad 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1
1009 Hinhurp 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7
1010 Viengkham 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.9
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Table 5.4-21 Peak Demand Froecast of All Districts
(Unit : MW)
11 Borikhamxay Sub-total 4.9 5.6 6.0 6.4 7.3 7.7 7.9 8.3 9.2 9.6 10.0 10.5 12.0 13.1 14.3 15.5 17.1 18.2 19.5 20.8 22.3 23.6
1101 Pakxanh 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.8 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.9 5.2
1102 Thaphabath 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.0
1103 Pakkading 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.5
1104 Bolikhanh 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2
1105 Khamkheuth 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.4 4.0 4.4 4.8 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.5
1106 Viengthong 0.0 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2
12 Khammuane Sub-total 12.1 14.3 15.8 17.3 19.7 21.5 27.8 31.5 35.5 44.4 47.9 53.5 57.9 62.6 69.9 77.4 85.8 90.3 95.9 101.1 107.1 112.9
1201 Thakhek 5.6 6.3 6.8 7.3 8.1 8.8 13.1 14.8 15.8 21.2 23.1 25.1 26.3 28.3 31.3 32.6 37.6 39.1 41.7 43.5 45.5 47.7
1202 Mahaxay 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.6 2.5 2.8 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.6 4.9 6.5 6.8 7.2 7.5 7.8 8.2 8.6 9.1
1203 Nongbok 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.5 5.0 5.4 5.8 6.3 6.9 7.5 8.1 8.8 9.6 10.3 11.1 11.9 12.9 13.8 14.9 16.0 17.3 18.6
1204 Hinboon 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.8 5.6 6.4 7.0 7.7 8.3 8.9 9.6 10.4 11.2
1205 Ngommalath 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4
1206 Bualapha 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.7
1207 Nakai 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1
1208 Xebangfay 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.5 4.8 5.0 5.3 5.6 6.0 6.4
1209 Xaybuathong 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 1.6 1.7 2.9 3.0 3.0 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.2 8.9 9.0 9.1 9.3 9.4 9.6 9.7
13 Savannakhet Sub-total 12.5 15.7 18.1 20.7 27.8 30.5 34.7 41.4 47.1 50.4 53.7 64.4 71.1 77.1 83.1 92.3 101.7 107.3 113.2 119.2 129.5 139.6
1301 Khanthabouly 4.6 6.0 6.4 6.9 7.6 8.2 10.2 10.9 13.9 14.6 15.4 19.7 20.8 21.7 22.7 23.8 28.6 29.8 31.1 32.5 34.2 39.2
1302 Outhoomphon 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.7 4.1 4.7 5.3 5.7 6.2 6.7 7.1 7.6 8.2 8.7 9.3
1303 Atsaphangthon 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.8 4.3 4.7 5.2 5.5 5.8 6.3 6.7 7.1 7.6
1304 Phine 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.8 3.2 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.7 6.0
1305 Sepone 0.5 0.5 0.7 0.8 4.8 4.9 4.9 8.7 8.8 8.8 8.9 12.5 12.9 13.3 13.7 17.6 18.0 18.5 18.9 19.2 23.0 23.3
1306 Nong 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2
1307 Thapangthong 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3
1308 Songkhone 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.5 5.4 6.2 7.1 7.7 8.3 8.9 9.5 10.2 10.9 11.6
1309 Champhone 2.6 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.9 5.4 5.8 6.3 6.8 7.8 8.4 9.1 9.7 10.6 11.3 12.1 13.0 14.0 15.0
1310 Xonbuly 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.8
1311 Xaybuly 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.3 3.8 4.3 4.8 5.3 5.6 6.0 6.5 7.0 7.5
1312 Vilabuly 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4
1313 Atsaphone 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.6 3.8 4.1 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.2
1314 Xayphoothong
1315 Thaphalanxay
14 Saravane Sub-total 4.2 5.0 6.2 7.4 8.9 10.0 10.9 11.8 12.9 13.7 14.5 15.3 16.7 18.0 19.3 20.6 22.3 23.7 25.3 26.9 28.9 30.7
1401 Saravane 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.8 6.1 6.6 7.0
1402 Ta oi 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7
1403 Toomlarn 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3
1404 Lakhonepheng 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4
1405 Vapy 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.2
1406 Khongxedone 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.9 5.2
1407 Lao ngarm 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.5
1408 Samuoi 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3
15 Sekong Sub-total 1.2 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.3 3.6 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.9 5.3 5.8 6.4 6.9 7.5 8.2 8.8 9.3 9.9 10.5 11.2
1501 Lamarm 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7
1502 Kaleum 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4
1503 Dakcheung 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.2
1504 Thateng 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8
16 Champasack Sub-total 12.6 13.7 15.4 17.2 19.3 21.3 23.1 25.1 27.6 31.2 33.6 36.1 39.2 44.2 47.2 50.5 54.1 57.7 65.0 69.1 73.6 78.2
1601 Pakse 4.6 4.5 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.8 6.1 6.5 7.0 8.9 9.3 9.8 10.4 13.1 13.8 14.4 15.2 15.9 20.2 21.1 22.0 23.0
1602 Sannasomboon 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.4 4.7 5.1 5.5 6.0 6.4 6.9 7.4 8.0 8.6
1603 Bachiangchale 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7 5.1
1604 Pakxong 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.8 5.1 5.5
1605 Pathoomphone 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.1 4.4
1606 Phonthong 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.8 5.1 5.5 6.0 6.4 7.0 7.5 8.1 8.7 9.3 10.0 10.8
1607 Champasack 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.9 5.3 5.7 6.1
1608 Sukhuma 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.9
1609 Moonlapamok 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4
1610 Khong 0.1 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.7 5.0 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.5
17 Attapeu Sub-total 0.9 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.1 4.5 4.9 5.3 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.6 9.1 9.6 10.3 10.9
1701 Xaysetha 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.5
1702 Samakkhixay 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.4
1703 Sanamxay 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4
1704 Sanxay 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0
1705 Phouvong 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5
18 Xaysomboon Sub-total 1.0 1.7 2.0 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7 5.0 5.4 5.8 6.1 6.5 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.0 8.5
1801 Sayxomboun 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8
1802 Thathom 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6
1803 Longsane 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1
1804 Hom 0.0 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.6
1805 Phun 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4
Grand Total 171.6 205.9 228.4 251.5 280.6 305.1 331.2 359.9 390.6 423.4 450.4 487.7 529.7 572.2 616.2 664.2 716.3 759.2 808.5 855.6 911.3 967.0
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Table 5.5-1 Energy Demand by Substation (Including Transmission and Distribution Losses)
(Unit : MWh)
Name of Substation 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
1 Phonthong 353,214 374,138 396,256 420,834 250,735 263,366 278,777 295,087 312,285 330,532 291,948 307,194 323,239 340,126 357,899 376,605 396,161 416,738 438,387 461,166 485,134
2 Thanaleng 93,165 108,088 112,244 119,946 99,478 104,072 110,033 117,481 124,165 131,279 138,780 147,007 154,520 162,429 170,753 180,582 189,738 199,373 209,512 221,230 232,452
3 Tha Ngon 44,093 47,241 50,639 55,085 58,811 62,310 66,511 71,795 76,650 81,876 87,506 93,530 99,142 105,125 111,506 119,057 126,272 133,973 142,196 151,711 161,093
4 Lakxaosi 220,000 229,006 240,366 254,894 267,495 280,857 295,007 312,115 325,976 340,571 355,940 374,657 391,566 409,364 428,097 450,309 471,054
5 Nasaithong 93,948 98,815 103,937 109,325 114,994 120,960 127,189 133,741 140,633 147,882 155,507
6 Phonesoueng 43,247 46,570 49,998 54,403 58,483 62,309 66,920 72,458 77,523 83,009 52,810 58,150 63,025 67,767 72,640 78,621 84,227 90,262 96,817 104,444 112,046
7 Nam Ngum 1 7,548 8,116 8,775 9,825 10,611 11,336 12,240 13,537 14,604 15,724 16,990 18,491 19,729 21,061 22,496 24,435 26,091 27,875 29,798 32,212 34,449
8 Vanvieng 14,188 15,931 27,653 29,606 41,439 45,775 48,361 51,220 54,224 57,473 60,872 65,067 69,570 74,286 78,622 82,962 87,389 91,978 96,948 102,271 107,965
9 Luangprabang 29,973 32,228 34,611 37,262 47,600 51,094 55,144 59,550 64,029 68,831 73,992 81,745 89,285 96,851 103,946 111,237 118,783 126,704 135,124 143,943 153,357
10 Oudomxai 31,234 34,698 38,227 56,743 61,896 69,807 78,144 86,734 95,858 104,106 112,600 120,851 129,462 138,521 148,251 158,426
11 Nam Beng 8,882 9,975 11,137 12,430 13,726 16,128 18,555 21,286 23,969 26,167 28,046 29,937 32,043 34,159 36,455
12 Boun neua 14,438 15,727 17,093 18,548 19,992 21,577 23,252 25,084 26,929 28,965 31,044 33,279 35,680
13 Luang Namptha 33,143 36,081 39,316 43,895 48,481 53,305 57,733 62,359 66,670 71,300 76,212 81,342 86,873
14 Xayabuly 20,222 23,469 26,535 30,126 33,841 37,606 41,327 32,705 35,802 38,659 41,156 43,829 46,684 49,369 52,200 55,131 58,345 61,630
15 Hongsa 32,337 37,448 42,832 48,415 54,295 60,666 67,278 74,238 80,882 87,446 94,166
16 Huaxai 32,023 34,194 36,381 38,664 40,963 43,512 46,177 48,964 51,938
17 Paklay 28,304 30,534 32,870 34,707 36,622 38,600 40,695 43,032 45,354 47,814 50,421 53,308 56,240
18 Non Hai 4,646 5,113 5,571 6,104 6,678 7,220 7,885 8,603 10,403 12,306 14,319 16,448 18,790 20,772 22,230 23,780 25,426 27,177
19 Ban Don 5,000 5,665 6,154 6,889 7,588 8,346 9,268 10,164 12,495 14,880 17,491 20,168 23,093 26,191 28,592 30,721 32,862 35,199
20 Phonsavan 16,983 18,829 20,468 22,483 24,670 26,962 29,288 31,928 38,221 44,751 51,566 56,596 61,647 66,320 71,061 75,971 81,216 86,639
21 Xam Nua 48,615 52,399 56,335 60,315 64,248 68,457 72,779 77,359 82,112
22 Nam Leuk 1,300 1,661 1,942 6,100 7,075 8,017 9,027 9,962 10,970 12,015 13,037 14,124 15,204 16,389 17,600 18,525 19,505 20,614 21,742 22,944 24,198
23 Paxan 14,337 15,852 17,639 21,495 23,443 24,577 26,651 30,761 33,127 35,458 37,913 42,890 45,559 48,116 50,917 55,731 58,740 62,042 65,916 70,986 74,878
24 Thakhek 69,575 76,037 83,097 93,912 102,591 121,440 135,212 147,505 179,431 194,678 210,979 226,218 244,485 268,351 282,850 318,934 335,435 357,904 377,299 400,401 423,073
25 Xaibouathong 17,887 23,432 31,210 36,822 38,816 52,232 55,822 58,983 69,281 90,882 94,524 98,007 101,730 105,611 110,041 114,109
26 Pakbo 71,025 81,230 92,043 67,097 74,330 89,601 97,710 118,984 128,704 138,561 167,870 184,532 199,744 214,236 229,012 262,075 275,994 291,545 307,421 325,558 361,706
27 Kengkok 39,042 44,110 54,368 60,485 68,138 74,872 81,743 89,068 101,476 112,098 122,692 132,379 143,369 153,379 163,926 175,114 188,039 200,608
28 Xepon 37,707 59,409 62,407 65,416 68,448 90,512 97,002 103,847 110,800 135,631 141,984 148,240 154,178 159,629 183,617 189,220
29 Saravan 33,008 36,408 39,337 42,457 45,666 49,409 52,693 56,167 59,825 64,072 68,155
30 Xeset 1 15,610 19,475 23,485 28,472 32,349 35,979 39,685 43,855 47,229 50,776 28,160 30,714 32,826 35,104 37,461 40,445 42,992 45,787 48,685 52,191 55,425
31 Ban Yo 72,119 82,128 92,566 105,230 116,644 80,745 86,930 94,456 109,148 116,919 99,247 106,806 125,110 132,743 140,888 130,713 121,615 122,314 129,209 125,611 132,944
32 Pakxon 7,082 7,708 8,375 9,088 9,850 10,635 11,609 12,604 13,696 14,813 16,037 17,282 18,642 20,040 21,566 23,138
33 Ban Boun 23,474 26,056 29,133 32,069 35,000 37,953 42,224 45,688 49,160 52,846 57,074 61,133 65,494 70,125 75,410 80,584
34 Thakho 14,979 17,366 20,425 22,321 24,219 26,228 28,593 30,606 32,775 35,278 37,846 40,302 42,892 45,675 48,969 52,003
35 Sekong 8,149 8,623 9,125 9,658 10,223 10,822 11,450 12,118 12,826 13,578 14,376
36 Attapeu 26,378 28,045 29,785 31,705 36,742 39,042 41,372 43,954 46,579
37 Xepon PS 7,736 8,224 8,693 9,192 9,720 10,282 10,934 11,573 12,254
38 Lakpet 25,918 28,130 30,449 32,891 35,537 58,114 79,241 109,782 116,622 135,655 143,977
39 Nam Theun 2 PS 8,808 9,718 10,673 13,046 15,312 17,620 19,969 22,842 25,460 27,663 29,850 32,218 34,437
40 Theun Hinboun 2,441 2,723 3,048 6,377 6,980 8,077 8,842 10,018 10,884 11,762 12,724 15,220 17,515 19,909 21,999 24,320 16,046 17,181 18,513 20,028 21,408
41 Hoay Ho 3,484 4,085 4,619 8,769 9,848 11,747 12,988 14,307 15,592 16,828 18,119 19,324 3,151 3,424 3,703 4,009 4,320 4,660 5,010 5,392 5,785
42 Nam Mo 2,765 3,015 3,283 3,620 3,931 4,818 5,785 6,806 7,882 8,972 10,168 11,126 12,125 12,966 13,890
43 Import at Xepon 5,361 7,259 9,307 31,085 33,006
44 Import at Houphan 5,083 7,864 10,444 13,352 16,102 18,571 21,129 23,783 26,273 28,957 31,376 33,942
45 Import at Bokeo 3,289 4,259 4,950 7,381 8,402 9,199 10,003 10,853 14,529 15,757 17,097 18,672
46 Import at Kenthao 4,411 4,994 5,614 10,555 11,798 12,730 13,803 14,838
47 Nam Theun 3 17,062 24,142 25,996 27,784 29,635
48 Nam Ou
49 Xe-kamang-3 8,823 9,894 11,020 12,191 13,191 14,202 15,089 16,079 19,890
50 Xe-kamang-1 6,167 6,607 6,985 7,435 7,861 8,308 8,834 9,338 9,927 10,494
51 Sekong-5 5,251 5,724 6,142 6,549 6,951 7,387 5,023
52 Xepien Xenamony
53 Supply from Province 150,424 180,432 211,500 181,223 200,033 176,156 185,349 205,051 147,680 162,050 132,133 149,580 117,675 131,747 140,767 154,387 156,778 163,054 174,775 186,736 199,085
Total 1,003,888 1,120,311 1,240,430 1,393,902 1,526,945 1,671,566 1,832,084 2,004,077 2,191,123 2,349,192 2,557,366 2,783,846 3,007,520 3,238,711 3,491,095 3,765,021 3,990,354 4,249,646 4,496,886 4,789,808 5,082,465
Peak Load on EDLGrid

(1) Central 1 + Northern region 601,066 649,827 699,758 801,407 870,752
(2) Central 2, Khammuane 69,575 76,037 83,097 93,912 102,591
(3) Central 2, Savanakhet 71,025 81,230 92,043 106,139 118,440
(4) Southern 87,729 101,603 116,051 133,702 148,993 162,259 177,745 196,243
(5) Northern +Central 1 & 2 1,272,828 1,399,460 1,525,969
(6) EDL's national grid 1,972,882 2,110,217 2,341,987 2,536,123 2,847,963 3,059,945 3,293,036 3,547,557 3,758,338 3,999,898 4,229,090 4,503,509 4,777,255
Table 5.5-2 Peak Loads by Substation (including Tranmsission and Dostribution Losses)
(Unit : MW)
1 Phonthong 68.3 72.2 76.3 81.0 48.2 50.5 53.4 56.4 59.6 63.0 55.5 58.4 61.5 64.7 68.1 71.7 75.4 79.3 83.4 87.7 92.3
2 Thanaleng 18.0 20.9 21.6 23.1 19.1 20.0 21.1 22.5 23.7 25.0 26.4 28.0 29.4 30.9 32.5 34.4 36.1 37.9 39.9 42.1 44.2
3 Tha Ngon 9.3 9.8 10.4 11.2 11.8 12.4 13.1 14.0 14.9 15.7 16.6 17.8 18.9 20.0 21.2 22.7 24.0 25.5 27.1 28.9 30.6
4 Lakxaosi 42.3 43.9 46.0 48.7 51.1 53.5 56.1 59.4 62.0 64.8 67.7 71.3 74.5 77.9 81.4 85.7 89.6
5 Nasaithong 17.9 18.8 19.8 20.8 21.9 23.0 24.2 25.4 26.8 28.1 29.6
6 Phonesoueng 9.3 9.9 10.5 11.3 11.9 12.6 13.3 14.3 15.1 16.0 10.0 11.1 12.0 12.9 13.8 15.0 16.0 17.2 18.4 19.9 21.3
7 Nam Ngum 1 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.6
8 Vanvieng 3.3 3.6 6.2 6.5 8.9 9.6 9.9 10.3 10.7 11.1 11.6 12.4 13.2 14.1 15.0 15.8 16.6 17.5 18.4 19.5 20.5
9 Luangprabang 5.8 6.2 6.7 7.2 9.3 9.9 10.7 11.5 12.3 13.2 14.1 15.6 17.0 18.4 19.8 21.2 22.6 24.1 25.7 27.4 29.2
10 Oudomxai 6.5 7.1 7.7 11.2 12.0 13.3 14.9 16.5 18.2 19.8 21.4 23.0 24.6 26.4 28.2 30.1
11 Nam Beng 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 3.1 3.5 4.0 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.5 6.9
12 Boun neua 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.8 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.3 6.8
13 Luang Namptha 6.5 7.0 7.5 8.4 9.2 10.1 11.0 11.9 12.7 13.6 14.5 15.5 16.5
14 Xayabuly 4.4 5.0 5.5 6.1 6.8 7.4 8.0 6.2 6.8 7.4 7.8 8.3 8.9 9.4 9.9 10.5 11.1 11.7
15 Hongsa 6.2 7.1 8.1 9.2 10.3 11.5 12.8 14.1 15.4 16.6 17.9
16 Huaxai 6.1 6.5 6.9 7.4 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.9
17 Paklay 5.6 5.9 6.3 6.6 7.0 7.3 7.7 8.2 8.6 9.1 9.6 10.1 10.7
18 Non Hai 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.3 2.7 3.1 3.6 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.8 5.2
19 Ban Don 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.4 2.8 3.3 3.8 4.4 5.0 5.4 5.8 6.3 6.7
20 Phonsavan 3.7 4.0 4.2 4.6 4.9 5.3 5.7 6.1 7.3 8.5 9.8 10.8 11.7 12.6 13.5 14.5 15.5 16.5
21 Xam Nua 9.2 10.0 10.7 11.5 12.2 13.0 13.8 14.7 15.6
22 Nam Leuk 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.6
23 Paxan 4.0 4.2 4.5 5.3 5.5 5.5 5.8 6.5 6.7 7.0 7.2 8.2 8.7 9.2 9.7 10.6 11.2 11.8 12.5 13.5 14.2
24 Thakhek 13.3 14.5 15.8 17.9 19.5 23.1 25.7 28.1 34.2 37.0 40.1 43.0 46.5 51.1 53.8 60.7 63.8 68.1 71.8 76.2 80.5
25 Xaibouathong 3.6 4.6 6.1 7.1 7.4 9.9 10.6 11.2 13.2 17.3 18.0 18.6 19.4 20.1 20.9 21.7
26 Pakbo 14.5 16.5 18.5 13.4 14.7 17.6 19.1 23.1 24.8 26.5 31.9 35.1 38.0 40.8 43.6 49.9 52.5 55.5 58.5 61.9 68.8
27 Kengkok 7.8 8.7 10.8 11.9 13.3 14.5 15.7 16.9 19.3 21.3 23.3 25.2 27.3 29.2 31.2 33.3 35.8 38.2
28 Xepon 7.4 11.6 12.1 12.6 13.1 17.2 18.5 19.8 21.1 25.8 27.0 28.2 29.3 30.4 34.9 36.0
29 Saravan 6.3 6.9 7.5 8.1 8.7 9.4 10.0 10.7 11.4 12.2 13.0
30 Xeset 1 3.8 4.6 5.4 7.2 8.0 7.7 8.3 8.9 9.4 9.9 5.4 5.8 6.2 6.7 7.1 7.7 8.2 8.7 9.3 9.9 10.5
31 Ban Yo 14.7 16.5 18.5 20.8 22.9 16.1 17.2 18.5 21.2 22.4 18.9 20.3 23.8 25.3 26.8 24.9 23.1 23.3 24.6 23.9 25.3
32 Pakxon 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4
33 Ban Boun 4.1 4.6 5.2 5.8 6.5 7.2 8.0 8.7 9.4 10.1 10.9 11.6 12.5 13.3 14.3 15.3
34 Thakho 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.3 4.7 5.0 5.4 5.8 6.2 6.7 7.2 7.7 8.2 8.7 9.3 9.9
35 Sekong 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7
36 Attapeu 5.0 5.3 5.7 6.0 7.0 7.4 7.9 8.4 8.9
37 Xepon PS 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3
38 Lakpet 4.9 5.4 5.8 6.3 6.8 11.1 15.1 20.9 22.2 25.8 27.4
39 Nam Theun 2 PS 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.5 2.9 3.4 3.8 4.3 4.8 5.3 5.7 6.1 6.6
40 Theun Hinboun 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.4 2.9 3.3 3.8 4.2 4.6 3.1 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.1
41 Hoay Ho 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.9 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.7 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.1
42 Nam Mo 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6
43 Import at Xepon 1.1 1.5 1.9 6.2 6.5
44 Import at Houphan 1.4 2.1 2.6 3.2 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.0 5.3 5.7 6.0 6.5
45 Import at Bokeo 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.6
46 Import at Kenthao 1.0 1.1 1.2 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.8 3.0
47 Nam Theun 3 3.2 4.6 4.9 5.3 5.6
48 Nam Ou
49 Xe-kamang-3 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.8
50 Xe-kamang-1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0
51 Sekong-5 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.0
52 Xepien Xenamony
53 Supply from Province 34.3 40.4 46.4 38.2 41.3 36.5 37.8 41.0 29.1 31.3 25.1 28.5 22.4 25.1 26.8 29.4 29.8 31.0 33.3 35.5 37.9
Total 205.9 228.4 251.5 280.6 305.1 331.2 359.9 390.6 423.4 450.4 486.6 529.7 572.2 616.2 664.2 716.3 759.2 808.5 855.6 911.3 967.0
Peak Load on EDL Grid

(1) Central 1 + Northern region 120.0 129.0 138.6 158.9 172.0
(2) Central 2, Khammuane 13.3 14.5 15.8 17.9 19.5
(3) Central 2, Savanakhet 14.5 16.5 18.5 21.2 23.5
(4) Southern 18.4 21.1 23.9 28.0 30.9 32.3 35.0 38.2
(5) Northern +Central 1 & 2 249.7 272.9 295.8
(6) EDL's national grid 380.4 404.1 445.6 482.5 541.8 582.2 626.5 675.0 715.1 761.0 804.6 856.8 908.9
Table 5.5-3 Peak Loads by Substation (excluding Tranmsission Losses)
(Unit : MW)
1 Phonthong 64.9 68.6 72.5 76.9 45.7 48.0 50.7 53.6 56.6 59.8 52.8 55.5 58.4 61.5 64.7 68.1 71.6 75.3 79.2 83.4 87.7
2 Thanaleng 17.1 19.8 20.5 21.9 18.2 19.0 20.0 21.3 22.5 23.8 25.1 26.6 27.9 29.4 30.9 32.6 34.3 36.0 37.9 40.0 42.0
3 Tha Ngon 8.8 9.3 9.9 10.6 11.3 11.8 12.5 13.3 14.1 14.9 15.8 16.9 17.9 19.0 20.2 21.5 22.8 24.2 25.7 27.4 29.1
4 Lakxaosi 40.1 41.7 43.7 46.3 48.5 50.8 53.3 56.4 58.9 61.6 64.3 67.7 70.8 74.0 77.4 81.4 85.1
5 Nasaithong 17.0 17.9 18.8 19.8 20.8 21.9 23.0 24.2 25.4 26.7 28.1
6 Phonesoueng 8.8 9.4 9.9 10.7 11.3 11.9 12.7 13.6 14.3 15.2 9.5 10.5 11.4 12.2 13.1 14.2 15.2 16.3 17.5 18.9 20.3
7 Nam Ngum 1 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7 5.0 5.4 5.8 6.2
8 Vanvieng 3.2 3.5 5.9 6.2 8.4 9.1 9.4 9.8 10.2 10.6 11.0 11.8 12.6 13.4 14.2 15.0 15.8 16.6 17.5 18.5 19.5
9 Luangprabang 5.5 5.9 6.3 6.8 8.8 9.4 10.1 10.9 11.7 12.5 13.4 14.8 16.1 17.5 18.8 20.1 21.5 22.9 24.4 26.0 27.7
10 Oudomxai 6.2 6.7 7.3 10.6 11.4 12.6 14.1 15.7 17.3 18.8 20.4 21.8 23.4 25.0 26.8 28.6
11 Nam Beng 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.4 3.8 4.3 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.8 6.2 6.6
12 Boun neua 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.9 4.2 4.5 4.9 5.2 5.6 6.0 6.4
13 Luang Namptha 6.2 6.6 7.1 7.9 8.8 9.6 10.4 11.3 12.1 12.9 13.8 14.7 15.7
14 Xayabuly 4.1 4.7 5.2 5.8 6.4 7.0 7.6 5.9 6.5 7.0 7.4 7.9 8.4 8.9 9.4 10.0 10.5 11.1
15 Hongsa 5.8 6.8 7.7 8.8 9.8 11.0 12.2 13.4 14.6 15.8 17.0
16 Huaxai 5.8 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.4 7.9 8.3 8.9 9.4
17 Paklay 5.3 5.6 5.9 6.3 6.6 7.0 7.4 7.8 8.2 8.6 9.1 9.6 10.2
18 Non Hai 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.9
19 Ban Don 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.3 2.7 3.2 3.6 4.2 4.7 5.2 5.6 5.9 6.4
20 Phonsavan 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.4 4.7 5.0 5.4 5.8 6.9 8.1 9.3 10.2 11.1 12.0 12.8 13.7 14.7 15.7
21 Xam Nua 8.8 9.5 10.2 10.9 11.6 12.4 13.2 14.0 14.8
22 Nam Leuk 0.3 0.4 0.4 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.7 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.7 3.9 4.1 4.4
23 Paxan 3.8 4.0 4.3 5.0 5.2 5.3 5.5 6.1 6.4 6.6 6.9 7.8 8.2 8.7 9.2 10.1 10.6 11.2 11.9 12.8 13.5
24 Thakhek 12.6 13.8 15.0 17.0 18.6 22.0 24.5 26.7 32.4 35.2 38.1 40.9 44.2 48.5 51.1 57.6 60.6 64.7 68.2 72.4 76.5
25 Xaibouathong 3.4 4.4 5.8 6.8 7.1 9.4 10.1 10.7 12.5 16.4 17.1 17.7 18.4 19.1 19.9 20.6
26 Pakbo 13.8 15.6 17.6 12.7 14.0 16.8 18.1 21.9 23.6 25.2 30.3 33.4 36.1 38.7 41.4 47.4 49.9 52.7 55.6 58.8 65.4
27 Kengkok 7.4 8.3 10.3 11.3 12.6 13.8 14.9 16.1 18.3 20.3 22.2 23.9 25.9 27.7 29.6 31.7 34.0 36.3
28 Xepon 7.1 11.0 11.5 12.0 12.5 16.4 17.5 18.8 20.0 24.5 25.7 26.8 27.9 28.9 33.2 34.2
29 Saravan 6.0 6.6 7.1 7.7 8.3 8.9 9.5 10.2 10.8 11.6 12.3
30 Xeset 1 3.6 4.3 5.1 6.8 7.6 7.3 7.8 8.5 8.9 9.4 5.1 5.6 5.9 6.3 6.8 7.3 7.8 8.3 8.8 9.4 10.0
31 Ban Yo 13.9 15.7 17.6 19.8 21.8 15.3 16.3 17.6 20.1 21.3 17.9 19.3 22.6 24.0 25.5 23.6 22.0 22.1 23.4 22.7 24.0
32 Pakxon 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.9 4.2
33 Ban Boun 3.9 4.3 4.9 5.5 6.1 6.9 7.6 8.3 8.9 9.6 10.3 11.0 11.8 12.7 13.6 14.6
34 Thakho 2.9 3.3 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7 5.2 5.5 5.9 6.4 6.8 7.3 7.8 8.3 8.9 9.4
35 Sekong 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.6
36 Attapeu 4.8 5.1 5.4 5.7 6.6 7.1 7.5 7.9 8.4
37 Xepon PS 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.2
38 Lakpet 4.7 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.4 10.5 14.3 19.8 21.1 24.5 26.0
39 Nam Theun 2 PS 1.6 1.8 1.9 2.4 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.1 4.6 5.0 5.4 5.8 6.2
40 Theun Hinboun 0.5 0.5 0.6 1.2 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.9
41 Hoay Ho 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 3.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.0
42 Nam Mo 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.5
43 Import at Xepon 1.0 1.4 1.8 5.9 6.2
44 Import at Houphan 1.3 2.0 2.5 3.1 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.7 5.1 5.4 5.7 6.1
45 Import at Bokeo 0.6 0.8 0.9 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.4
46 Import at Kenthao 1.0 1.1 1.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.8
47 Nam Theun 3 3.1 4.4 4.7 5.0 5.4
48 Nam Ou
49 Xe-kamang-3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.6
50 Xe-kamang-1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
51 Sekong-5 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 0.9
52 Xepien Xenamony
53 Supply from Province 32.6 38.3 44.1 36.3 39.2 34.7 35.9 39.0 27.6 29.8 23.9 27.0 21.3 23.8 25.4 27.9 28.3 29.5 31.6 33.8 36.0
Total for EDL Ssytem 195.6 217.0 238.9 266.5 289.9 314.6 341.9 371.0 402.3 427.9 462.2 503.2 543.6 585.4 631.0 680.5 721.2 768.1 812.8 865.7 918.6
Table 5.6-1 Electricity Supply Capacity of EDL's Power Stations for 2000 - 2020
Supply Capacity for Peak Power Demand (Unit: MW)

Power Station 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
1 Nam Ngum 1 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150 150
2 Selabam 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
3 Xeset 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
4 Nam Dong 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
5 Nam Leuk 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60
6 Nam Mang 3 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35
7 Xeset2 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 76
8 Nam Ngum5 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
9 Nam Beng 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45
10 Tha Kho 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36 36
11 Nam Theun 2 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
12 Xeset3 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
13 Hongsa Lignite 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40
14 Houay Lamphan Gnai 65 65 65 65 65 65 65 65 65 65 65
15 Xepon 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
16 Nam Ngum4B 54 54 54 54 54 54 54 54 54
17 Nam Pot 23 23 23 23 23 23 23
18 Nam Kong3 34 34 34 34 34
19 Nam Bak2B 116 116 116 116 116
20 Nam Ngum 4a 54 54 54
21 Xexou 59
22 Nam Sane2 60
Total Installed Capacity of EDL's Grid
Region 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
1 Central 1 + Northern 211 211 211 211 246
2 Central 2, Thakek
3 Central 2, Pakbo
4 Southern 50 50 50 50 50 126 126 126
5 Northern +Central 1 & 2 246 391 391
6 EDL's national grid 648 648 753 753 882 882 905 905 1,055 1,055 1,109 1,109 1,228
Demand - Supply Balance
Peak Load on EDL's Grid 373 396 436 473 530 570 613 669 709 754 798 854 909
Reserved Capacity (MW) 275 252 317 280 352 312 292 236 346 301 311 255 319
(%) 42 39 42 37 40 35 32 26 33 29 28 23 26
Supply Capacity for Energy Demand (Unit: GWh)

Power Station 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
1 Nam Ngum 1 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998 998
2 Selabam 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34 34
3 Xeset 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180 180
4 Nam Dong 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
5 Nam Leuk 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230 230
6 Nam Mang 3 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140 140
7 Xeset2 309 309 309 309 309 309 309 309 309 309 309 309 309 309 309 309
8 Nam Ngum5 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430
9 Nam Beng 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175 175
10 Tha Kho 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215 215
11 Nam Theun 2 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275
12 Xeset3 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85
13 Hongsa Lignite 237 237 237 237 237 237 237 237 237 237 237
14 Houay Lamphan Gnai 354 354 354 354 354 354 354 354 354 354 354
15 Xepon 338 338 338 338 338 338 338 338 338
16 Nam Ngum4B 268 268 268 268 268 268 268 268 268
17 Nam Pot 97 97 97 97 97 97 97
18 Nam Kong3 156 156 156 156 156
19 Nam Bak2B 563 563 563 563 563
20 Nam Ngum 4a 250 250 250
21 Xexou 277
22 Nam Sane2 279
Available Energy Production of EDL's Grid
Region 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
1 Central 1 + Northern 1,233 1,233 1,233 1,233 1,373
2 Central 2, Thakek
3 Central 2, Pakbo
4 Southern 214 214 214 214 214 523 523 523
5 Northern +Central 1&2 1,373 1,978 1,978
6 EDL's national grid 3,076 3,076 3,667 3,667 4,273 4,273 4,370 4,370 5,089 5,089 5,339 5,339 5,895
Demand - Supply Balance
Energy Demand on EDL's Grid 1,935 2,069 2,292 2,486 2,786 2,994 3,225 3,518 3,728 3,968 4,196 4,490 4,781
Reserved Margin (GWh) 1,141 1,007 1,375 1,181 1,487 1,279 1,145 852 1,361 1,121 1,143 849 1,114
(%) 37 33 37 32 35 30 26 19 27 22 21 16 19
Note: Although Nam Theun 2 and Hongsa Lignite are constructed under IPP scheme, they will provide separate turbine & generators for exclusive domestic supply.
Supply capacities of those turbine & generators are included in the above table.
0206 Phongsaly
N
0201
0205
W E
Luang Namtha 0204 0202
0302 0207
Luang Prabang
0303 0301 0403 0203 S
0402 0702
0503 0304
0 50 100 Km
0401 0606 0707
0708
0502 0305 0605 Houaphanh
Oudomxai 0610
0501 0703 0701
0405 0704
0404 0604 0607
0504 0705
Bokeo 0406
0505 0407 0706
0609 0601 0608
0802 0805 0804 0803 0906 0902
0602
0901 0903
0603 0611 Xieng Khuang
0801
0907 0904
1004
1805 1801 0905
Xayabouly
1005 1802
0806 1008 Saysomboune Bolikhamxay
Vientiane
1804
1803 1104
1006 1009 1003 1106
0810 0807 10011010 1102 1101
1002 1105
1103
1007 Vientiane Mu.
0808 1204 1207
0809 Khammouan
1205
1201
1202 1206
1208 1209
1203
1311 1313 1312
1302 1303 1305

1315
1301
1309
1314 1310 1304 1306
1408
Savannakhet
0108 1308
1307
1403 1402
0105 0106 1404 Saravan 1502
1405 1401
0101 0109
1406 Sekong
0102 0103 1407 1504 1503
1602 1501
0104
1603
0107
1606 1601 1604
1704
1701
1607
1702
Champasak 1703
1608 1605
1705
Attapeu
1609
1610

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Administrative Map of LAO PDR

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N
W E
0206 Phongsaly
0201 S
0205
Luang Namtha 0204 0202

0302 0207
Legend
Luang Prabang
0301 0403 0203 More than 10 MW
0303
0402 0702
0503 0304 0401 0606 0707 10 MW > 5 MW
0708
0502 0305 0605 Houaphanh
Oudomxai 0610
0501 0703 0701 5 MW > 3 MW
0405 0704
0404 0604 0607
0504 0705
Bokeo 0406
3 MW > 2 MW
0505 0407 0706
0609 0601 0608
0802 0805 0804 0803 0906 0902 Less than 2 MW
0602
0901 0903
0603 0611 Xieng Khuang
0801
0907 0904
1004
1805 1801 0905
Xayabouly
1005 1802
0806 1008 Saysomboune Bolikhamxay
Vientiane
1804
1803 1104
1006 1009 1003 1106
0810 0807 10011010 1102 1101
1002 1105
1103 0 50 100 Km
1007 Vientiane Mu.
0808 1204 1207
0809 Khammouan
1205
1201
1202 1206
1208 1209
1203
1311 1313 1312
1302 1303 1305

1315
1301
1309
1314 1310 1304 1306
1408
0108 Savannakhet
1308
1307
1403 1402
0105 0106
1404 Saravan 1502
0101 0109 1405 1401
0102 0103 1406 Sekong
1407 1504 1503
0104 1501
1602
0107 1603
1606 1601 1604
1704
1701
1607
1702
Champasak 1703
1608 1605
1705
Attapeu
1609
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CT L Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Peak Power Demand by District in 2020
RICITE DU
& and
CHAPTER VI
FORMULATION OF
THE OPTIMUM TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Chapter 6 Formulation of the Optimum Transmission System
6.1 Methodology of Formulation
Approach and methodology applied by the team for formulating the national transmission system are
illustrated in Figure 6.1-1 below.
Demand
Development Program of Power Plants
Facility Standards
Power System Diagram
Criteria for System P lanning
Prelim inary Design of TL and SS Data from Site
System Analysis
No
System Technology
Yes
No
Supply R eliability
Yes
Form ulation of System Plan
Figure 6.1-1 Flow of System Planning
Electricity demands of each district are forecasted in Chapter 5. Development program of power
plants is given by MIH/EDL as discussed in Chapter 4. Based on those information, locations of
new substations near demand centers, extension of the existing substations and routes of new
transmission lines have been technically and environmentally examined, from which options of the
power system diagrams were prepared. The transmission lines and substations have been
conceptually designed for the system configuration. Facility standards, system planning criteria such
as supply reliability (e.g. LOLP*1, N-1 criterion*2), voltage regulation, fault current, stability, and
others were decided together with EDL prior to carrying out the system analysis.
Then, the optional systems have been technically analyzed by computers. The systems or system
VI - 1
Part I Master Plan
elements have been amended until results of the analysis satisfied the predetermined system criteria.
Note *1: Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) is defined as the anticipated days of generation shortage for a service period (per month
or per year) due to the contingencies of generators, fluctuation of demand, variation of generator’s output under the
fluctuation of water flow, etc.
Note *2: N-1 criterion is one of criteria on supply reliability defined as any supply interruption should not be caused in the applied
power system at any single contingencies (N-1). Single contingency is defined as loss of a facility composing the power
system, such as a generator, a transformer, or a circuit of transmission line, but not a busbar system.
6.2 Principles for Formulation of Expansion Plan
6.2.1 Conditions for Formulation of Expansion Plan
MIH/EDL has its power generation development program in the country up to the year 2020 as well as
development program of IPPs. In examining optimum transmission system for the domestic energy
supply, the Team strictly based the planned generating capacity and commissioning years of all
candidate power plants in the program given to the Team during October 2001 by EDL.
It is considered that power plants for the national transmission system are basically EDL’s own plants
only excluding IPP plants. IPP plants are for export purpose, and therefore the plants are currently
operated and planned as independent systems. However, agreements of IPPs with the Government
of Lao PDR have and will have such a special term that approximately 5 % of total energy and power
at its plant should be delivered for domestic consumption. The Team planned that only such IPP
plants providing with generator(s) for solely supplying domestic demand and being separated from
export-use facilities would be connected with the EDL’s national transmission system due to reasons
of stable operation of the grid and a reliable supply source. For example, Nam Theun-2 IPP plant is
to provide generators of 2 x 37.5 MW for domestic supply purpose, and accordingly the generators are
to be connected to the national grid. Domestic supply of energy from other IPP plants will not be
connected with the national grid, but their energy for domestic supply by 22 kV feeders from the
plants is to contribute toward electrification of their surrounding areas.
The expansion plan of transmission systems was chronologically formulated taking into account the
following elements.
(a) Demands of power and energy forecasted in Chapter 5,

(b) Policy of the GoL on electrification rate of the country to be 90% by 2020,
(c) Linkage with availability of power and energy at the time, i.e., development program of
power plants,
(d) Effective utilization and reinforcement of the existing transmission facilities, and
programmed development of transmission systems in the country under international
organizations,
VI - 2
(e) Satisfaction of criteria for systems and reliability, and

(f) Facilities to be on the least cost basis
(g) Environmental situation
6.2.2 Major Demand Areas
Present major demanding areas are those provincial capitals and other major towns where EDL or
provincial power systems are running or supplying imported energy from either Thailand or Vietnam.
Following are socio-economic circumstances of major demand areas of electricity in the country.
(1) Vientiane Municipality
Vientiane Municipality is the capital of Lao PDR being located on the bank of the Mekong River in
the Central 1 power region. It is the political and economical center of the country, and the largest
demand center in the country. New industrial factories are developed in the towns and its vicinity.
Such a significant demand as 270 MW is forecasted in 2020. From the viewpoints of rapid growth
of its demands and necessity of reliable power supply into the area, new HV substation(s) is required
in this area. There is a development program of such new hydropower stations as Nam Mang 3,
Nam Ngum 5 and others to be developed in the Central 1 region. Taking into account such situations,
reinforcement of the existing power system is indispensable with provision of new substations and
new transmission lines as well as expansion of the existing MV and LV networks. As growth of
Vientiane population and town development is rapid, land acquisition and construction of power
facilities are foreseen to be difficult in the near future.
(2) Thakhek (Khammouan Province)
Thakhek is located about 130 km West from the frontier to Vietnam. The land breadth of Vietnam on
this section is very narrow, and accordingly the town is located easily to reach to Gulf of Tongking
from its frontier. Therefore, Thakhek is a very convenient place to access to the world trading of the
country. While, Thailand is just on opposite side of the Mekong River. The river has enough water
depth to cargo ships. Northward access to Vientiane and southward access to such large towns as
Savannakhet and Pakse are also easy along the national route No. 13. From those geographical
situations, Thakhek is expected to be developed as a commercial center of domestic and international
trade. While, such industrial sector as cement factory, rock crusher, sawmill, plywood, gypsum, etc.,
are growing in the Thakhek area, and power demand of 40 MW is forecasted for these industries in
2006.
Current electricity supply relies on import from EGAT of Thailand through 22 kV double circuit line.
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Part I Master Plan
(3) Savannakhet (Savannakhet Province)
The existing power system relies on energy import from EGAT by 115 kV single circuit transmission
line at Pakbo SS. Since the Pakbo SS has the capacity of only 2 x 10 MVA transformers, the peak
demand is limited at 16 MW and load shedding was enforced. Power of 4 MW is imported to supply
power directly to the city at peak load time and in emergency case from EGAT through one circuit 22
kV submarine cables.
Savannakhet is developed as a commercial center for trade with Thailand and Vietnam. An
industrial zone is also planned at 40 km North from the city for bio-fertilizer, beer, sugar, etc.
Additional supply for new industrial and irrigation schemes in this area is requested to EDL.
Development of gold and copper mine at Xepon district requires power supply of 35 MW in 2003.
EDL plans to supply energy to the mine from the new Kengkok SS under construction through a new
115 kV transmission line.
(4) Pakse (Champasak Province)
Agriculture is the main industry in Champasak Province and currently a number of irrigation pumps
require electricity. The existing Xeset 1 PS (45 MW) and Selabam PS (5 MW) supply electricity to
the demand. As the stations are of run-of-river type, their production in dry season decreases to
approximately 15 % of their installed capacities. Therefore, in dry season the area should import
electricity from Thailand through a single circuit of 115 kV transmission line. Electrification rate of
the province was 23 % for villages and 28 % for households in 1999.
(5) Ban Boun (Champasak Province)
Large paddy field and cultivated land exist in Ban Boun area along the Mekong River. Ban Boun is
located at middle point of Pakse and Thakho (border with Cambodia). The Government plans to
supply a sufficient amount of electricity for irrigation pumps.
(6) Pakxan (Bolikhamxai Province)
Pakxan is a provincial capital and a commercial center of the province with electrification rate of
49 % for villages and 52 % for households. Construction of new factories of agricultural product
process, feed for livestock and noodle product are planned. Energy for Pakxan is supplied from the
Nam Leuk PS through 115 kV single circuit transmission line. MIH/EDL intends to expand network
to industrial load and irrigation. Energy supply to Viangthong district (non-electrified at present) for
irrigation is planned to be implemented in a few years time.
VI - 4
(7) Luang Prabang (Luang Prabang Province)
Luang Prabang has been registered as a world heritage and is a tourism center. No other remarkable
industry is active presently and no future town development is planned. The town is supplied energy
from Nam Ngum 1 PS and Nam Dong PS. As of 2001, four (4) districts; Nam Bak, Ngoy,
Vangkhom, and Nan are supplied by provincial diesel generators for about 3 hours only in evenings.
(8) Xayabury (Xayabury Province)
Xayabury province is located at boundary on Thailand with electrification rate of 11 % for villages
and 13 % for households. Export to Thailand of local agricultural products is active and household
income is high comparing with other provinces. Current power supply to Xayabuly town is served
for only 3 hours in the evenings by diesel generators operated by EDL’s service center and distributed
by the provincial authority. Many houses hold TV with satellite antenna.
6.2.3 Power Source to Demand Areas
Programmed power plants for exclusive domestic supply together with IPP plants to be implemented
by the year 2020 were given by MIH/EDL and detailed by region in Tables 4.2-1 and 4.2-2.
Stage-wise development plan of the transmission systems should have been examined on the basis of
the development program of the power plants taking into account the power and energy balances of
demand and supply in each year. The national transmission systems should be formulated so as to
reduce electricity import from Thailand and Vietnam as much as possible by effectively utilizing
available power sources in the country. However, there might be such cases that some areas or some
stages should rely on energy import till the time when a comprehensive transmission network would
be completed.
Besides, some areas will not be served by the national grid due to economical aspect or physical
difficulty of expansion of the grid. Electrification of those areas will be considered by application of
such renewable energy as mini/micro-hydropower unit and solar battery system, or small-sized diesel
generator.
6.2.4 Basic Technical Criteria and Conditions for the Study
Major objective of this master plan study is to formulate the optimum transmission system of 115 kV
and/or higher voltage for domestic supply of electricity by the horizon year 2020.
For technical examination of various alternatives for the systems, the Team should have established
the most adequate system planning criteria for the national transmission system including reliability,
power flow, voltage regulation, fault current and stability as well as design criteria and conditions for
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Part I Master Plan
facilities to the recommended transmission systems. Those have been determined through
discussions between EDL and the Team and also confirming to the JICA STEP team for establishment
of the electricity technical standards for Lao PDR. Details of those criteria and conditions are stated
in the related sections.
It is noted that TOR for the Master Plan Study did not include MV and LV distribution networks,
however, the Team has examined the distribution networks fed from new HV substations in order to
achieve the comprehensive system study. Materials examined for the MV and LV networks are
compiled in Appendix 6.2 to this report.
6.2.5 Environmental Consideration
(1) Environmental Impact
Impact of transmission lines and substations to environment is usually moderate compared with
hydroelectric and thermal power projects. Routes of new transmission lines and locations of new
substations have been examined with reference to terms stipulated in the environmental law and
legislation of Lao PDR. In addition, the following elements have been examined in selecting the line
routes and locations of substations through the map study and site investigation.
- To minimize interference with the existing infrastructures

- To minimize clearing of trees
- To avoid historic spots and cultural heritages
- To avoid National Bio-diversity and Conservation Areas (NBCAs) and scenic areas
(NBCAs map is shown in Figure 6.2-1.)
- To avoid areas of foreseeable natural disastrous areas and geologically peculiar areas
- To avoid military zone, airport zone and public facilities
- To minimize resettlement of people and disturbance to habitats
At the stage of basic design and/or detailed design of the formulated systems, following technical
items shall be examined in more detail so that the respective values shall be within acceptable
ranges/conditions, or appropriate measures shall be taken to mitigate environmental impact.
- Electric field strength and magnetic field strength under transmission line
- Interference on communication line by electrostatic induced current
- Corona phenomena and radio interference
- Interference on microwave propagation path
- Wind noise due to Karman vortex by tower or conductor
- Soil erosion caused by foundation work
- View impact of transmission towers
VI - 6
(2) Right of Way and Land Compensation
At present, MIH/EDL has no standards for right-of-way, acquisition of land or compensation for
resettlement for transmission lines and substations.
Land is the property of the national community. Individuals and organizations can have right to
legally use the land through land registration. The GoL usually takes permanent and exclusive
possession of land for transmission and distribution project as far as the land is rural area where there
is very little urbanization or active agricultural development. If the land is urban or agriculturally
developed, then the GoL takes right to route over the land. The team examined the subject in the
actual procedures taken by EDL for various transmission lines constructed recently and under
construction.
(3) Unexploded Ordnance (UXO)
UXO contamination report prepared by the Lao National UXO Programme shows the contamination
level over the Lao PDR territory (see Figure 6.2-2). Though UXO clearance was attempted in some
areas in the past, it has not completed due to shortage of metal detectors and fund. Since the
contamination is widely spread, transmission lines can not divert from UXO areas in most cases. It
is essential to carry out detailed survey in project areas.
6.3 Criteria for Selection of the Optimum Systems
The main benefits of the national system are to:
(a) promote the national electrification rate to 90 % of all households by the year 2020 under the
Government policy,
(b) facilitate adequate energy required for rural development programmed by the governmental
authorities,
(c) save current import of energy by effective use of existing power stations, and
(d) effectively utilize energy taken-off from IPP plants.
Following were examined in selecting the sections of the optimum transmission system.
(1) Social and environmental impacts

(2) Power flow, voltage, fault current, stability, and reliability of the transmission system
(3) Adequate and efficient energy supply to demand including rural development plans
(4) Availability of distribution network around the demand areas
(5) Degree of saving import energy
(6) Number of beneficiaries and degree of effect to Basic Human Needs by completion of the
system
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Part I Master Plan
(7) Reducing transmission line losses

(8) Degree of UXO remnant
(9) Availability of construction and maintenance access roads
(10) Least construction and maintenance cost
6.4 Current System and Expansion Plan
6.4.1 Current Transmission System
The present power systems in Lao PDR are operated independently and in isolation in the Central 1,
Central 2, and Southern Regions. No national power network is currently existing as shown in
Figure 6.4-1. Particulars of the existing transmission lines and substations are summarized in Tables
6.4-1 and 6.4-2. Appendix 6.4 shows the detail data of the existing 115 kV substations.
(1) Central 1 Region

(a) Existing Power Facilities
EDL has three hydropower plants in Central 1 region; Nam Ngum 1 PS providing 150 MW of
total installed capacity, Nam Leuk PS of 60 MW and Nam Dong PS of 1 MW.
The existing transmission lines in this region, are as shown in Figure 6.4-1. Most of energy
generated at Nam Ngum 1 PS and Nam Leuk PS is delivered to Phonetong SS in Vientiane town
directly by a 115 kV double circuit transmission line and by a single circuit 115 kV line
dropping at 2 substations on the way. Besides, a 115 kV single circuit line is operated between
Nam Leuk PS and Pakxan SS.
There are three export/import interconnection lines with EGAT of Thailand, i.e. 115 kV double
circuit line from Phonetong SS to Udon Thani 1 &2 SS (EGAT), 115 kV single circuit line from
Thanaleng SS to Nong Khai SS (EGAT) and a 115 kV single circuit line between Pakxan SS and
Bungkhan SS (EGAT).
(b) Transmission Systems under Construction

Following three projects co-financed by ADB and Nordic Development Fund are on going.
- 115 kV single circuit transmission line from Xieng Nguen SwS to Xayabury SS including
construction of the switching station and substation.
- 115 kV single circuit transmission line from Thalat SwS to Non Hai SS via Ban Don SS
including construction of Ban Don SS and Non Hai SS as well as extension of Thalat SwS.
- 115 kV single circuit transmission line from Nam Leuk PS to new Phonsavan SS including
construction of Phonsavan SS and extension of the existing switchyard at Nam Leuk PS.
VI - 8
(2) Central 2 Region

(a) Existing Power Facilities
Theun Hinboun PS, 210 MW IPP plant (Nordic Hydropower), is located in Central 2 Region
near the regional border with Central 1 Region and most of the power is exported to Sakhon
Nakhon SS of EGAT through 230 kV double circuit transmission line. While, 22 kV Thakhek
SwS imports energy for domestic supply from Nakhon Phanom SS of EGAT through 22 kV
double circuit line.
Pakbo SS in Savannakhet Province also imports energy from Mukudahan SS of EGAT through
115 kV single circuit line and 22 kV single circuit submarine cables. Load supplied by the
Pakbo SS is limited to approximately 16 MW due to the existing transformer capacity of 20
MVA at the SS. Therefore, load shedding is forced sometimes in the year 2001.
(b) Transmission Systems under Construction

Construction of a 115 kV single circuit transmission line between Pakbo SS and Kengkok SS is
in progress together with construction of Kengkok SS under IDA loan.
(3) Southern Region

There are three hydropower plants in this region; Xeset 1 PS (45 MW), Selaban PS (5 MA), and
Houay Ho IPP PS (150 MW). 230 kV double circuit transmission line currently exports all energy
generated at Houay Ho IPP PS to Ubon Ratchathani SS in EGAT system. The existing Bang Yo SS
receives energy from two (2) EDL’s hydroelectric power plants; Xeset 1 PS by 115kV single circuit
transmission line and Selaban PS by 22 kV single circuit line. In addition, Bang Yo SS imports
energy from Siridhorn PS of EGAT through 115 kV single circuit transmission line.
(4) Northern Region

No transmission line exists in this region, and electricity is supplied only in some limited areas.
Oudomxai is supplied electricity by 22 kV line from a provincial hydro-power plant Nam Ko PS of
1.5 MW and also by importing energy from PEA of Thailand at Bokeo by a 22 kV line. Huaphan
Province imports electricity from Vietnam through a 35/22 kV line.
6.4.2 Current Expansion Plan
(1) EDL’s Expansion Plan
EDL expects implementation of the following 115 kV transmission system expansion plan by the year
2005. Conductors of all 115 kV lines are planned to apply single bundle of ACSR 240 mm2.
VI - 9
Part I Master Plan
Table 6.4-3 EDL’s Expansion Plan
Section voltage line Length circuit Region

1. Luang Prabang - M. Xai - Namo - Boun Neua 115 kV 303.0 km single Northern
2. Namo – Luang Namtha 115 kV 43.0 km single Northern
3. Nam Mang 3 - Lakxaosi 115 kV 45.0 km single Central 1
4. Hinheup – Vangvieng 115 kV 45.8 km single Central 1
5. Kengkok – Xepon 115 kV 108.0 km single Central 2
6. Thakhek – Nakhonpanom (EGAT) 115 kV 7.9 km double Central 2
7. Bang Yo – Xeset1 115 kV 78.4 km single Southern
8. Xeset1 – Xeset2 115 kV 2.0 km double Southern
(2) ADB’s Expansion Plan
ADB recommended construction of four (4) hydro-power plants up to 20101; Nam Mang 3 (35 MW),
Huay Lamphang Gnai (70 MW), Thakho (30 MW) and Nam Ngum 5 (100 MW). In addition to the
running project in the Northern and Central 1 Regions stated above, another report2 of the ADB
recommends the following domestic-use 115 kV transmission projects.
- A single circuit line from Hin Heup to Vangvieng 44 km long (essential for a supply to the new
cement plant by 2001).
- A double circuit line one circuit strung from Luang Prabang to Oudomxai 180 km long.
- A single circuit line from Oudomxai to Namo and on to Luang Namtha 79 km long.
- A single circuit line from Namo to Boun Neua 100 km long (this line feed Phongsaly at 22 kV).
- A single circuit line from Xayabury to Paklay 137 km long.
- A single circuit line from Vangvieng to Luang Prabang 184 km long.
- As soon as the new line is in service, the existing 117 mm2 line be replaced with 240 mm2
conductor.
- Second circuit stringing from Luang Prabang to Oudomxai 180 km long by 2015.
- All new lines are proposed to have 2 shield wires energized at 34.5 kV for rural distribution and
should be fully transposed in order to avoid possible phase unbalance and/or ferro resonance
problems resulting from the shield wire system.
- A single circuit line from Pak Lay to Non Hai, 86 km long (low priority).
- A single circuit line from Phounkhoun to Phonsavan, 110 km long (low priority but useful for
local system security).
- Interconnection of Thakhek and Savannakhet (Pakbo) by double circuit 115 kV line
All 115 kV lines above 1,000 m asl should be fitted with additional insulators and should be fog-type
insulators because of the frequent incidence of heavy fog and the dust created by slash-and-burn
agriculture.
1
the Draft Final Report of Power Sector Strategy Study, ADB TA 3374 Lao PDR, February 2001
2
Northern Area Rural Power Distribution Project: ADB TA 3087-Lao PDR, March 2001
VI - 10
(3) WB’s Expansion Plan
Southern Provinces Rural Electrification Project (SPRE) commenced in 1998 and is on-going for
completion in 2003. The project includes construction of 115 kV transmission line from Pakbo SS to
Kengkok SS, approximately 1,200 km of 22 kV lines, 900 km of low voltage (380/220 V) lines, and
distribution transformers and consumer meters.
The WB considers necessity of the following 115 kV interconnection lines with ACSR 400 mm2 listed
in its Draft Final Report (January 2000) for Hydropower Development Strategy for Lao PDR.
(a) Pakxan - Thakhek 180 km, 4 cct,

(b) Thakhek - Savannakhet 100 km, 3 cct,
(c) Nam Theun 2 - Thakhek 20 km, 4 cct,
(d) Luang Prabang - Oudomxai 130 km, 3 cct,
(e) Oudomxai - Phongsaly 120 km, 2 cct,
(f) Oudomxai - Luang Namtha 85 km, 2 cct,
(g) Phongsaly - China 50 km, 2 cct, and
(h) Luang Nam Tha - China, 3 cct
(4) Other Plans
Nam Mang 3 hydropower project (30 MW) is in progress to commission by the year 2004 under the
Chinese loan. The project includes Lakxaosi SS, extension of existing Thanaleng SS, and 115 kV
transmission line.
6.5 Prospective Substations
6.5.1 Selection Criteria
Figure 6.8-1 shows locations of the existing, ongoing and prospective substations.
Locations of new substation/switching station should be the most effective site to achieve the nation
goal of 90% electrification rate in 2020. The electricity demand forecast in Chapter 5 is the most
crucial factor in selection of the station locations. The station sites should be selected to send
electric power efficiently to the demand points stated in Sub-section 6.2.2, taking into account an area
(villages) where is electrified by 22 kV distribution lines from a prospective substation for
contributing to raise the electrification rate. Furthermore, the system connection with the
existing/planned power stations and interconnection with neighboring countries should also be
considered in the selection of the locations.
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Part I Master Plan
In other words, the locations shown in Figure 6.8-1 have been selected in consideration of the
following.
(a) Electricity demand forecast

(b) Site that has already been planned by EDL
(c) Site that is included in a plan of new power plant
(d) Site that is needed for interconnection with neighboring countries
(e) Site that is under construction or planned by such international organizations as ADB, WB, etc.
(f) Site that such new large-scale electricity demand as factories, plants, etc. is expected
Besides, upgrading of the existing switching station to substation, with installing the transformers,
will be planned to reduce total construction cost. A new substation will also be planned near the
existing substation, which has difficulties in extension of the land space for installation of additional
transformers and transmission line bays to meet the increasing electricity demand.
Location of a new substation is planned in the vicinity of a comparatively big town such as provincial
capital, to avoid the influence of UXO as much as possible. However, since the locations of new
stations are selected on 1/100,000 maps, exact locations should be further examined in the detailed
design stage. In that stage, location of the station should be selected so that the substation would be
located in an appropriate site from long term view points, taking into account the following items:
(a) Adequate location for easy connection with the existing/planned 22 kV network and in or
close to the areas supplied
(b) Easiness in aligning incoming 115 kV and outgoing 22 kV lines
(c) Selection of a substation type with due consideration of regional environment, and
availability of the required space or volume for the substation
(d) Influence of various kinds of disaster, e.g. flood, landslide, fire, dust contamination, land
subsidence, etc.
(e) Effective use of public land or EDL’s own premises
(f) Convenience in operation and maintenance
(g) Easiness in transportation of large and heavy cargoes
(h) Easiness in construction of foundations for heavy equipment
(i) Costs for land compensation, resettlement, land preparation, timing of land acquisition, and
anticipated difficulties
(j) Coordination with local government and people
6.5.2 Prospective Substations in the Northern Region
Prospective Substations in the Northern Region are as follows.
VI - 12
Table 6.5-1 Prospective Substations in the Northern Region
Substation Name Location Voltage Note

1 Oudomxai SS Oudomxai Province 115 kV ADB plan*
2 Boun Neua SS Phongsaly Province 115 kV ADB plan*
3 Luang Namtha SS Luang Namtha Province 115 kV ADB plan*
4 Namo SwS Oudomxai Province 115 kV ADB plan*
5 Huayxai SS Bokeo Province 115 kV
6 Xam Nua SS Houaphanh Province 115 kV
(*) Northern Area Rural Power Distribution Project (ADB TA 3087-Lao PDR, March 2001)
In the above table , construction of (1) Oudomxai SS, (2) Boun Neua SS, (3) Luang Namtha SS, and
(4) Namo SwS are planned under the ADB’s next fund. Since small villages are scattered and
demand density is very low in the northern area, (5) Huayxai SS and (6) Xam Nua SS are planned in
each provincial capital of Bokeo and Houaphanh Provinces, that are not included in ADB’s next plan.
According to the report of UXO LAO, it is conceivable that influence of UXO is serious in the
periphery area where Xam Nua SS is planned. In such case, the cost for survey and clearance of
UXO will be estimated for accumulating the total construction cost in Chapter 7.
6.5.3 Prospective Substations in the Central 1 Region
Prospective Substations in the Central 1 Region are as follows.
Table 6.5-2 Prospective Substations in the Central 1 Region

1 Xayabury SS Xayabury Province 115 kV Under Construction*
2 Ban Don SS Vientiane Province 115 kV Under Construction*
3 Non Hai SS Vientiane Province 115 kV Under Construction*
4 Phonsavan SS Xieng Khuang Province 115 kV Under Construction*
5 Xieng Nguen SwS Luang Prabang Province 115 kV Under Construction*
6 Paklay SS Xayabury Province 115 kV ADB plan**
7 Phoukhoun SwS Luang Prabang Province 115 kV ADB plan**
8 Hongsa SS Xayabury Province 115 kV
9 Lakxaosi SS Vientiane Municipality 115 kV
10 Naxaithong SS (SwS) Vientiane Municipality 115 kV Upgrading from SwS to SS
(*) Power Transmission and Distribution Project (ADB, 1558-LAO (SF) & NDF, Credit No. 238)
(**) Northern Area Rural Power Distribution Project (ADB TA 3087-Lao PDR, March 2001)
Stations from item (1) to item (5) in the above table are under construction by the ADB and Nordic
Development Fund （NDF）, and they will be in commission during the year 2003. Construction of
(6) Paklay SS and (7) Phoukhoun SwS is planned by ADB’s next assistance. (8) Hongsa SS is
planned to be constructed adjacent to Hongsa Lignite PS (IPP) to supply energy to the local demand.
The future electricity demand in Vientiane Municipality, which has the biggest demand at present as
forecasted in Chapter 5, can not be met with only the reinforcement of the existing substations.
Therefore, construction of new (9) Lakxaosi SS and upgrading of (10) Naxaithong SwS to substation
VI - 13
Part I Master Plan
with installation of transformers are planned to meet the areal requirement.
6.5.4 Prospective Substations in the Central 2 Region
Prospective Substations in the Central 2 Region are as follows.
Table 6.5-3 Prospective Substations in the Central 2 Region

1 Kengkok SS Savannakhet Province 115 kV Under Construction*
2 Thakhek SS Khammouan Province 115 kV
3 Xepon SS Savannakhet Province 115 kV
4 Xaibouathong SS Khammouan Province 115 kV
(*) Southern Provinces Rural Electrification Project (IDA, Loan No. 30470-LA)
In the above table, (1) Kengkok SS is under construction now by IDA fund. (2) Thakhek SS is
planned for power supply to the construction work of Nam Theun 2 HP (IPP), and its construction will
soon begin.
(3) Xepon SS is planned for power supply to the gold and copper mine being developed in its suburbs,
and its operation is planned to start in the year 2005. (4) Xaibouathong SS is planned for the power
supply to the industrial complex, which will be constructed in its neighborhood, and its operation is
also planned to start in the year 2005.
6.5.5 Prospective Substations in the Southern Region
Prospective Substations in the Southern Region are as follows.
Table 6.5-4 Prospective Substations in the Southern Region

1 Saravan SS Saravan Province 115 kV
2 Sekong SS Sekong Province 115 kV
3 Attapeu SS Attapeu Province 115 kV
4 Thakho SS Champasak Province 115 kV
5 Ban Boun SS Champasak Province 115 kV
6 Lakpet SwS Champasak Province 115 kV
7 Paksong SS Champasak Province 230/115 kV
In the situation of scattered small and hence very low demand density in Saravan, Sekong, and
Attapeu Provinces, construction of (1) Saravan SS, (2) Sekong SS, and (3) Attapeu SS are planned in
each provincial capital. These stations are also planned for the connection of the hydro power
stations to be developed in the region. Because it is conceivable that influence of UXO is serious in
the periphery areas of these substations, the costs for survey and clearance of UXO for these
substations are included in the construction cost.
(4) Thakho SS is planned for the connection with Thakho PS, which is scheduled to start its operation
VI - 14
in the year 2008 for power supply to the surrounding tourism development and also future power
export to Cambodia. (5) Ban Boun SS is planned to meet the electricity demand increasing sharply
in the dry season for irrigation pumps in the circumference.
It is planned that total six circuits of 115 kV line, double circuit each from Kengkok SS, Xeset 1 PS
and Ban Boun SS, will be connected to Bang Yo SS in future. However, since there is no space for
extension of the TL bays in the existing Bang Yo SS, (6) Lakpet SwS, which is located about 4 km
east from there, is planned for connecting those six circuits. Lakpet SwS is also planned to upgrade
to substation with installing transformers by 2010, and will share the loads with Bang Yo SS.
(7) Paksong SS is planned to export the electric power from the planned Xeset 2 PS and Xeset 3 PS
through 230 kV transmission line from existing Huoay Ho PS (IPP) connecting with 115/230 kV
step-up transformer. The Paksong SS is also planned for power supply to its surrounding area.
6.6 Prospective Transmission Lines
6.6.1 Prospective Lines
Routes of the prospective lines were examined on the maps taking into account the circumferential
environment and the examinations on possibly shorter distance and close to major roads for the least
cost basis. Parallel routes to the existing lines, in case, are aligned for easy construction and
maintenance works.
Table 6.6-1 summarizes the recommended 115 kV transmission lines as well as the existing lines and
their characteristics.
6.6.2 Alternative Transmission Systems
(1) Hongsa SS - Nam Beng PS - Huayxai SS
Oudom xai S S Oudom xai S S
Huayxai SS Huayxai SS
Nam Beng P S Nam Beng PS
Hongsa S S Hongsa SS
Hongsa Lignite Hongsa Lignite
(IPP ) (IPP)
Xayabury SS Xayabury SS
(a) (b)
Figure 6.6-1 Transmission lines from Nam Beng PS
VI - 15
Part I Master Plan
Hongsa Lignite power station is a coal fire thermal IPP plant. The system (a) of Figure 6.6-1 is
based on that 36 MW out of 720 MW of Hongsa Lignite PS is to use for domestic supply to such areas
as Hongsa, Huayxai, Xayabury and Paklay. However, as it was informed by EDL that the PS would
have an exclusive generator of 40 MW for domestic supply in the Hongsa Lignite PS, the system (b)
of Figure 6.6-1 has been finally selected. The length of transmission line of Hongsa - Nam Beng -
Huayxai in (b) is 21 km shorter than that of Hongsa - Huayxai in (a).
(2) Luang Nam Tha SS - Namo SwS - Oudomxai SS
Once an interconnection of China - Luang Namtha SS was planned with transmission line having
double circuits in order to secure a stable interconnection. However, as KfW study resulted in the
interconnection with China - Phongsaly was not feasible, it has been considered that possibility of
interconnection of China - Luang Namtha is also not realized. Those areas should be electrified by
extension of transmission lines from Luang Prabang SS, Oudomxai SS, and Nam Beng PS.
(3) Thalat SwS - Luang Prabang SS
The existing line is provided with a single circuit of ACSR 117 mm2 and the capacity of the line is not
enough after development of 100 MW Nam Ngum 5 PS. Construction of a new single circuit line
and then replacing of 117 mm2 conductor on the existing line with 240 mm2 is planned under the
ADB fund by the year 2005. However, with reasons that reinforcement of the existing towers to
meet heavier load of 240 mm2 conductors is not easy and that costs for conductor replacement on the
existing line and for construction of new single circuit line are not favorable in comparison with
construction of a new double circuit line, construction of additional double circuit line with 240 mm2
conductors is recommendable. For more reliable operation in this region, the existing line will
remain as it is.
(4) Nam Leuk PS - Phonsavan SS - Phoukhoun SwS
Nam N gum
4A P S
Phoukhoun S wS Phonsav an SS
Nam N gum
4B P S
Nam Pot PS
Nam N gum
5 PS under
construction
Nam B ak 2B PS
Nam Leuk PS
Figure 6.6-2 Transmission Line between Nam Leuk PS and Phonsavan SS
Toward completion in 2003, a single circuit 115 kV line is under construction. In this area,
construction of four (4) hydro power plants of Nam Ngum 4B (54 MW) in 2012, Nam Pot (23 MW)
VI - 16
in 2014, Nam Bak 2B (116 MW) in 2016 and Nam Ngum 4A (54 MW) in 2018 are programmed.
For delivering energy from those power stations, two (2) alternatives are considered. Alternative-1 is
to construct additional 164 km long single circuit line in parallel to the line under construction in the
section. Alternative-2 is interconnection of 94 km long double circuit lines between Phonsavan SS
and Phoukhoun SwS via Nam Ngum 4B PS (to be commissioned in 2012). Alternative-2 is more
flexible in comprehensive operation of the national transmission network. Nam Ngum 4A PS (2018)
will be connected to this line at Nam Ngum 4B PS. Nam Pot PS will be connected to the Nam Leuk
- Phonsavan line in the formation of πarrangement. Alternative-2 is necessary by the year 2012.
(5) Vientiane Municipality
Nam Mang 3 PS has commenced its construction and scheduled to be commissioned during 2004.
To meet growing power demand of the Vientiane Municipality, the present transmission system in the
area must be reinforced with additional transmission lines and substations. A number of alternative
reinforcement plans have been examined.
- Connection between planned Nam Mang-3 PS and existing Tha Ngon SS

- Connection between Nam Mang-3 PS and existing Phonetong SS
- Connection between Phonetong SS and existing Pakxan SS
- Connection between Phonetong SS and existing Nam Leuk PS
- Reinforcement of Nam Leuk PS - Pakxan SS line
- Connection between Nam Leuk PS and planned Nam Mang-3 PS
- Construction of a planned substation at Lakxaosi and connection between Nam Mang-3 PS
and Lakxaosi SS
- Connection between Phonetong SS and planned Lakxaosi SS
- Connection between Lakxaosi SS and existing Thanaleng SS
- Reinforcement of Nam Ngum 1 PS and Nam Leuk PS
- Reinforcement of Nam Ngum 1 PS and existing Thalat SwS
- Reinforcement of the existing transmission line to Thanaleng SS
- Upgrade of existing Naxaithong T-off SwS to substation
- Reinforcement of the transmission line between Naxaithong SS and Tha Ngon SS
The team’s study resulted in that the system (b) on Figure 6.6-3 is recommendable for the following
reasons.
(a) Existing Nam Ngum 1 PS has no space for extension of bays.

(b) Due to the fact (a), additional transmission line of Nam Leuk PS - Nam Ngum 1 PS is not
constructed.
(c) Nam Pot PS and Nam Bak 2B PS can not deliver energy to Vientiane area through the
transmission line of existing Nam Leuk PS - Nam Ngum 1 PS.
VI - 17
Part I Master Plan
(d) New substation is indispensable to meet the growing demand in Vientiane municipality.
(e) For stable and reliable energy supply to Vientiane area, two (2) routes of East route and West
route are recommended to be into Vientiane municipality.
(f) Development of the East transmission line from Nam Leuk PS to Lakxaosi SS via Nam
Mang-3 PS and interconnection between Phonetong SS and Lakxaosi SS are recommended.
(g) Naxaithong T-off station is restructured to a substation for sharing load in the area and for
receiving power from the more stable double circuit line.
(h) Tha Ngon SS is reinforced by double circuit line from Naxaithong SS.
Nam N gum 1 PS Nam N gum 1 P S

Thalat SwS Thalat S wS
Phonsoung SS Phonsoung SS
Tha N gon S S
Tha N gon S S Nax aithong SS Nam M ang 3 P S
Naxaithong T -off
①
Phonetong S S Phonetong S S Lakxaosi SS
②
Thanaleng SS Thanaleng SS
to T hailand to T hailand
(a) Existing System (b) Recommended System
Figure 6.6-3 Transmission System in Vientiane
The existing Phonetong SS, Thanaleng SS, and new Lakxaosi SS are to cover the heaviest load center
in Vientiane. Connection of the Lakxaosi SS to the ① Phonetong SS or ② Thanaleng SS in the
system (b) was examined. Making a comparison between ① and ②, the interconnection ② has
been selected for the following reasons.
(a) In the case of ①, 100% power trade with EGAT is conducted by Phonetong SS, and when a
serious fault occurs in Phonetong SS, the trade is completely interrupted. While in the case
②, either Phonetong SS or Thanaleng SS can deliver energy to EGAT, even when either
substation will be out of service.
(b) Case ① requires two bay extension at Phonetong SS and then total bay number comes eight
(8), while case ② requires no bay extension in Phonetong SS. The existing Phonetong SS
~ Thanaleng SS line has an insufficient capacity to meet the growing demand, and
accordingly requires additional lines in the section with additional transmission line bays in
Thanaleng SS in case ①. Case ② from Phonetong to Thanaleng also needs additional
transmission line bays in the SS requires for connecting the Lakxaosi SS ~ Thanaleng SS
line. Therefore, both cases are under the same condition in this respect.
(c) Overloading may occur on the Phonetong SS ~ Thanaleng SS ~ Nong Khai SS line due to the
existing small conductors in case ① . While, case ② , that is provided with larger
VI - 18
conductors of 410 mm2 in the section of Lakxaosi SS ~ Thanaleng SS, has no such
overloading possibility.
(6) Pakxan SS - Lakpet SS Interconnection Line
A number of candidate hydro power plants are planned in Central 1 and Southern regions. The
planned system between Pakxan SS and Lakpet SS is for the trunk interconnection system between
both regions and to be provided with double circuit line. A 115 kV single circuit line is under
construction in the section of Pakbo SS - Kengkok SS for commissioning in 2003. This section will
be added with one more circuit by 2008 to meet increasing demand in this section.
(7) Central 2 Region and Southern Region
Nam Theun 2 PS Nam Theun 2 P S
Thakhek SS Xaibouathong S S Thakhek SS Xaibouathong SS
22 kV
Pakbo SS Xepon SS Pakbo SS Xepon SS
Kengkok S S Kengkok SS
Xepon PS Xepon PS
Sarav an S S Sarav an S S
Bang Y o SS Xeset 1 PS Bang Y o SS Xeset 1 P S

Lakpet S wS
(a) (b)
Figure 6.6-4 Transmission System in Central 2 and Southern Regions
Xaibouathong SS being located about 50 km far southward from Nam Theun-2 PS is planned for
energy supply to an industrial zone (Year 2005). Two (2) alternatives were examined for power
supply to the industrial zone. Alternative-1 is supply through 22 kV feeders from Xepon SS (2005)
as case (a) in Figure 6.6-4. Alternative-2 is supply through 115 kV line from Nam Theun-2 PS
(import electricity for construction use of the PS available in 2005) as case (b) in Figure 6.6-4.
Bulk power supply by 22 kV feeders over 114 km long is not realistic from technical aspect.
Assuming 115 kV line from Xepon SS to Xaibouathong SS, no sufficient power source (Year 2005) is
available in this area. Hence, Alternative-2 in Figure 6.6-4 (b) has been selected. In case of (b),
Xaibouathong SS can be supplied from Nam Theun 2 PS and Xepon PS (Year 2012). Xepon SS will
have two-way supply as well. Therefore, a single circuit line is planned for the transmission line
between Kengkok SS and Xepon SS.
A 115 kV single circuit transmission line is now operated between Bang Yo SS and Xeset 1 PS. As
total installed capacity of Xeset 1 (45 MW) and planned Houay Lamphan Gnai PS (65 MW) is 110
MW, further two circuits of transmission line will be required between Xeset 1 PS and Lakpet SwS.
There are various alternatives operation of the mixed system of Xeset 2 PS (Year 2005) and Xeset 3
VI - 19
Part I Master Plan
PS (Year 2008). The present EDL’s plan for the combined scheme of Xeset 1, Xeset 2, Xeset 3 and
Hoay Ho IPP PSs is as below.
(a) Xeset 1 PS will be connected with Xeset 2 and Xeset 3 PSs (See Section 6.8).
(b) Xeset 2 and Xeset 3 PSs will also be connected to new Paksong substation (Year 2005) on
the existing 230 kV IPP line.
(c) Houay Lamphan Gnai (65 MW in the year 2010) will be connected with Xeset 1 PS via new
substations at Sekong and Saravan.
Accordingly, by the year 2010 an additional double circuit line will be required in the section of Xeset
1 PS and Lakpet SwS.
(8) Southern Region
Sarav an SS Sarav an S S
Xeset 1 P S Xeset 1 P S
Sekong S S Sekong SS
Lakpet S wS Lakpet S wS
HLG P S HLG P S
Ban B oun SS Attapeu S S Ban B oun SS Attapeu S S
Thakho PS & S S Nam Kong 3 Xexou PS Thakho P S & SS Nam Kong 3 Xexou PS
PS PS
(a) (b)
Figure 6.6-5 Southern System
Figure 6.6-5 shows two (2) alternatives of inter-region transmission system in the Southern region
including Central 2 region. Irrigation schemes along the Mekong River (Lakpet SwS - Ban Boun SS
- Thakho SS) are positioned at high priority in the regional development program. Xeset group’s and
Salabam’s energy as well as imported energy will be supplied to the irrigation demand by the year
2008 when Kengkok SS - Lakpet SwS line will be completed. Main demand in the region will be
concentrated to the areas along the Mekong River. Energy from Nam Kong-3 PS (34 MW in the
year 2016) and Xexou PS (59 MW in 2020) will flow toward the Mekong River area. Attapeu SS -
Ban Boun SS line will be required before the year 2012 to supply surplus energy in other regions to
Attapeu Province. The line will, after 2016, be utilized to carry surplus energy of Nam Kong-3 and
Xexou PS to Ban Boun SS. Therefore, alternative-1 (Figure 6.6-5 (a)) has been recommended from
the aspect of demand center in the region.
VI - 20
6.6.3 Circumstances along Line Routes
(1) Thalat SwS - Vangvieng SS - Phoukhoun SwS - Xieng Nguen SwS - Luang Prabang SS
The transmission line route is wholly aligned in parallel with the existing 115 kV line along
Route 13. The planned Phoukhoun SwS is in the mountains, and its altitude is around 1,600 m
asl. Deterioration in insulation level of the facilities should be considered in the facility design.
(2) Luang Prabang SS - Oudomxai SS - Namo SwS - Luang Namtha SS and Boun Neua SS
The line between Luang Prabang and Oudomxai is aligned along Route 13 in valley for about 90
km to the junction of Route 1 and 13. Then the line runs in mountains over 1,000 m asl high
along Route 1. The section of Oudomxai-Namo is in mountains of lower than 1,000 m asl high
along Route 1 to Luang Namtha. The line of Namo - Boun Neua runs along muddy roads.
(3) Oudomxai SS - Nam Beng PS - Hongsa SS and Huayxai SS

Whole section of Oudomxai - Nam Beng is aligned along Route 2 passing through relatively flat
area in the first half and narrow valley in the latter holf. First 25 km section of the line from
Nam Beng to Hongsa runs in steep and high mountains to the Mekong River crossing and again
in mountains to Hongsa.
The line of Nam Beng-Huayxai runs in high mountains near Nam Beng and then hilly areas.
The line route will not pass through any NBCA and also UXO area.
(4) Hongsa SS - Xayabury SS - Paklay SS

The section of Hongsa-Xayabury is aligned in mountains of higher than 1,000 m. There seems
many footpaths along the line route. The section of Xayabury-Paklay follows a road and
passes the border of NBCA Nam Phoui. The terrain around the line route is gentle.
(5) Nam Ngum new PS group - Phoukhoun SwS - Phonsavan SS - Xam Neua SS
The section between Nam Ngum 5 PS and Phoukhoun SwS will run through high mountains but
tower location will be selected comparably easily. The line route of Phoukhoun SwS - Nam
Ngum 4B runs Route 7 passing through steep mountains for about 50 km long and turn south in
relatively gentle mountains up to the Nam Ngum 4B power plant. While the section of Nam
Ngum 4B - Nam Ngum 4A PS is only 16 km long, but the route should detour the reservoir of
Nam Ngum 4B PS.
The first 7 km section of Nam Ngum 4B PS-Phonsavan SS will be on the same route as Nam
Ngum 4A line and then the line passes through cultivated flat area up to the Phonsavan SS.
The line from Phonsavan SS to Xam Nua SS will run outskirts of Phonsavan City on hills
avoiding inhabited areas and come close to Route 7. In about 50 km section from Phonsavan
VI - 21
Part I Master Plan
town, there is a quite big inhabited basin. After grazing the basin, the route will come into
mountains. About 50 km route in the section is in quite steep mountains, but all the route may
keep close to Route 7. This area is highly UXO contaminated.
(6) Phonsavan SS - Nam Leuk PS and Nam Bak 2B PS - Nam Leuk PS

Nam Pot PS will be connected with 6 km long double circuit to 115 kV single circuit line under
construction between Nam Leuk and Phonsavan. While, the new Nam Bak 2B PS will be
connected with the existing Nam Leuk PS. After running on hills over about 7 km, the line
may pass mountain ridges for 10 km long in parallel to the transmission line between Nam Leuk
PS and Phonsavan SS. Terrain of the last 15 km section is flat.
(7) Nam Leuk PS - Nam Mang 3 PS - Lakxaosi SS - Thanaleng SS

The section of Nam Leuk - Nam Mang 3 will run in parallel to the existing line of Nam Leuk PS
- Nam Ngum 1 PS along the Nam Ngum reservoir for about 36 km long and then go on the skirts
of mountains up to Nam Mang 3 PS. The line of Nam Mang 3 - Lakxaosi passes the flat
Vientiane plain. There seem not many houses at present.
The whole section of Lakxaosi-Thanaleng will also run in the flat Vientiane plain.
(8) Nam Leuk PS - Pakxan SS

A single circuit line exists and new line will run in parallel to the existing line over the whole
section. The first 30 km is in gentle mountains. This section is within the NBCA Phou Khao
Khoay. Then the line crosses the Nam Mang River and goes along Route No. 13 in open area.
(9) Nam Xan 2 PS - Pakxan SS

The route will be aligned in gently sloped low mountains for about 25 km long and the line will
run beside Route 4 from Borikhan to Pakxan. The rout seems very easy for construction and
maintenance.
(10) Pakxan SS - Thakhek SS

First 3 km section of the line route will run about 3 km apart in north of Route 13 from Pakxan
SS and pass in swampy area or paddy field over about 35 km reaching mountain range where the
line climbs up about 400 m high. Just after passing through the mountain range, the line will
cross over the Nam Kading River and Route 13.
Then the line will turn to the south of the national road and run toward southeast in parallel to
Route 13 keeping about 1 km away from the Route. After running about 45 km from the Nam
Kading River, the line will cross small mountains. The UXO map shows a few unexploded
ordnances in this area. The line will then come closer to the national road and the Nam
Hinboun River where the line comes to North side of Route 13.
VI - 22
Then, the line must cross under the 230 kV transmission line from Theun Hinboun PS to
Thakhek SwS. The towers for under-crossing shall be single circuit horizontal conductor
arrangement with shorter span and must pass close to the tower of 230 kV line at both sides each
one circuit so as to obtain enough clearances from the ground and from the 230 kV line as well.
Most of the line route will pass flat area, and few habitants only will exist except the towns of
Pakxan and Thakhek. Generally the terrain of the route is paddy field, cultivated area or forest.
The route will not interference to NBCA.
(11) Thakhek SS - Pakbo SS

Whole the area for recommended transmission line rout is open and flat, and neither UXO nor
NBCA is encountered. The route will run west of Route 13 passing through paddy or
cultivated field. After 16 km long from new Thakhek SS, the route will run about 8 km apart
from the national road into wide cultivated or paddy area for 30 km long for short cutting up to
vicinity of Nadeng. There are many small paths in the field making access to tower sites easy.
Then, the line will come close to the national road again and run to south for about 27 km. The
line will turn there to southeast and reach Pakbo SS after 20 km running in open field. Pakbo
SS is located nearby the Mekong River and 7 km north from Savannakhet town. There will be
a little habitants along the route.
(12) Pakbo SS - Kengkok SS - Xepon SS

A 115 kV single circuit line is under construction in the section of Pakbo - Kengkok. In
parallel to the line, the recommended line will run toward east for 17 km long from Pakbo SS
and turn to southeast passing all in flat area. Once crossing over Route 13, the line will
approach to Kengkok SS aligning the line in cultivated land or paddy fields.
The route between Kengkok and Xepon will pass in paddy field and swampy area about 10 km
long eastward and in scarcely inhabited area in about 20 km thereafter. Then, the route will
pass in gently sloped and low mountainous area over about 60 km along a narrow local road and
footpath up to M. Phin where meets Route 9. After the M. Phin, the route will run in
mountainous area along the national road to Xepon SS.
(13) Nam Theun 2 PS - Xaibouathong SS - Xepon SS - Xepon PS

The line from Nam Theun 2 to Xaibouathong is aligned in a flat area along the national route
No.8 and Route No.12 to south for 25 km, and then turn southeast passing in gently sloped open
area up to the Xaibouathong SS.
The line of Xaibouathong-Xepon will run in a little inhabited and open area about 100 km
toward southeast from the Xaibouathong SS and reach Xepon SS after passing through a valley.
VI - 23
Part I Master Plan
The route between Xepon PS and Xepon SS will pass in moderate hills on a foot of mountains to
west for about 28 km from the PS and run in gradually lowered hills to northwest. Then, it will
cross Route 9 and run along the road in narrow space among mountains up to Xepon SS.
(14) Kengkok SS - Lakpet SwS

The transmission line will be aligned nearby the provincial road about 25 km from Kengkok SS
and continue along and north side of Route 13. The route will then run in the corridor between
mountains of NBCAs of Xe Bang Nouan and Phou Xiang Thong, initially at west border of
NBCA Xe Bang Nouan. On a half way of the corridor, the line will cross the national road and
turn to east border of NBCA Phou Xiang Thong, avoiding villages and paddy field. Where the
national road rounds to west, the line will approach to Pakse in a short-cut way. Lakpet SwS is
on the outskirts of Pakse. Terrain of the route is flat and will not pass the UXO contaminated
area.
(15) Lakpet SwS - Ban Boun SS - Thakho SS

The transmission line from Lakpet SwS will head southeast and at the H. Bangtang River, the
line will direct to south along Route 13 on the foot of hills adjacent to NBCAs Dong Hua Sao
and Xe Piane. There are many moderate contamination spots of UXO and some areas are
covered by heavily contaminated UXO in this section. UXO survey and clearance are required.
(16) Lakpet SwS - Xeset 1 PS - Xeset 2 PS - Xeset 3 PS - Paksong SS

The existing Xeset 1-Bang Yo transmission line runs near Route 20 and 23, and the terrain is
mainly forest. New double circuit transmission line will be aligned in parallel to the existing
line. The area is heavily contaminated by UXO. The Xeset 2 - Xeset 3 line will pass in a
plain area, and construction and maintenance of the line deem not difficult.
The route of Xeset 3 - Paksong line will be in a flat and open area near Route 23 to the
southward to reach new Paksong SS just after crossing the provincial road No.5.
(17) Xeset 1 PS - Saravan SS - Sekong SS - Houay Lamphan Gnai PS

The route of Xeset 1 - Saravan line will be selected to close to Route 20. From B. Beng where
Route 20 joins Route 23, the line will run along Route23. The terrain will be comparably flat,
but the route passes through forest, paddy field and scattered habitats. After 10 km from the
Saravan SS, the route will run on hills. No habitats will be along small road roundabout
mountains. The line of Sekong - Houay Lamphan Gnai section will be aligned on hills.
(18) Ban Boun SS - Attapeu SS - Nam Kong 3 PS and Xexou PS

The route of Ban Boun - Attapeu line will be aligned roundabout the NBCA Xe Pian at its north
area covered by hills, and reach the Xe Khampho River. The route then will run along small
VI - 24
road. After crossing the Xe Pian River, the line route will be aligned at foot of the mountains
passing in paddy field and cultivated land about 15 km and finally reach Attapeu SS.
First half of route of the Attapeu - Nam Kong line is covered by paddy or swampy flat area with
no habitation and the route goes into mountains to Nam Kong 3 PS over about 15 km. The
Attapeu - Xexou line will go down south from the Attapeu SS for 5 km and turn to east on about
20 km long passing through paddy field and swampy area. The line continues along footpath
in hilly area to Xexou PS.
6.7 Methodology of Analysis for the Optimum System
6.7.1 General
Based on the generation development program in Chapter 4 and the demand forecast in Chapter 5, an
appropriate system plan that satisfies the system planning criteria has been established in
consideration for the EDL’s international transmission system plan. Power flow, voltage regulation,
fault current and stability in the system are basic technical elements that a power system will be
properly and appropriately operated. The planned transmission system should simultaneously satisfy
the system planning criteria for these basic technical elements.
The general flow of system analysis is shown in Figure 6.7-1. The technical basic elements interact
among them, as seen on Figure 6.7-2. For example, the larger conductor size might resolve overload
condition of a transmission line but increase the fault current. Therefore, “revision of the system
planning” and “system analysis for the technical basic elements” were repeatedly examined until the
planned system satisfies the system planning criteria for all the technical basic elements.
Through the system analyses considering cost of the transmission line loss, the most appropriate
system voltage, conductor size and number of line circuit were concluded as well.
The supplemental system analyses have also been conducted on the cases of assumed alternation of
the present generation development program for a flexible system planning.
VI - 25
Part I Master Plan
System Planning
Power flow & Voltage

Calculation Fault Current Calculation
No No
System Planning Criteria System Planning Criteria
Ok Ok
Stability Analysis
No
System Planning Criteria
Ok
End
Figure 6.7-1 Flow of System Analysis
Stability
Separation of System Maintenance of Stability

→ Improvement of Fault Current → Limitation of Power Flow
Degradation for Stability Larger Power Flow
→ Degradation of Stability
Larger Conductor Size
→ Improvement of Power Flow & Voltage
Degradation for Fault Current Power Flow
Fault Current
Voltage
Limitation on Economy Higher Reliability

→ Improvement of Power Flow, Voltage, → Limitation on Power Flow, Voltage,
Fault Current and Stability Fault Current and Stability
Economy Reliability
Higher Reliability
→ Negative for Economy
Figure 6.7-2 Relations among Elements for System Analysis
VI - 26
6.7.2 Tools for Analysis
For the power system analysis, the Team has used the computer program named PSS/E (Power
System Simulator for Engineering) that is familiar to EDL.
The PSS/E is computer software for the power system analysis developed by Power Technologies, Inc.
(PTI) in USA. The PSS/E is all-purpose software, and world-widely used by over 400 organizations
of such as power companies, engineering companies, educational sector, and others. The PSS/E can
deal with many kinds of power system analyses as power flow, voltage regulation, fault current,
stability, and other analyses. It is known that precision of the software and results of the analyses are
quite reliable.
6.7.3 Basic Particulars for Analysis
(1) System Planning Criteria for System Analysis
The existing system planning criteria of EDL was revised in this study under frequent discussions
between EDL and the Team, for meeting the actual situation of EDL’s power system and also the
system planning criteria of the neighboring countries. Under the revised criteria, it is expected that
the reliability of EDL’ power system should be gradually improved toward the year 2010 because the
present EDL’s power system has low reliability, and the revised criteria should be applied properly
even after 2010. The specific system planning criteria for this study are as follows.
(a) Classification of Power System

Power systems in this study are assumed to be two (2) kinds, “trunk” and “local”, from their
functional importance.
(i) Trunk System

Following systems were defined as “Trunk System”.
- 500 kV transmission lines and substations
- 230 kV transmission line (excluding transmission lines to 230 kV customer and
230/22 kV substation located out of Vientiane municipality)
- 230 kV substation (excluding 230/22 kV substation located out of Vientiane
municipality)
- 115 kV transmission lines from/to 115/22 kV substations in Vientiane municipality
- 115/22 kV substations in Vientiane municipality
- Transmission lines and substations to power plant whose capacity is more than 10
MW
- Transmission lines and substations related to the regional interconnection in the
country (Northern, Central 1, Central 2 and Southern regions)
VI - 27
Part I Master Plan
- Transmission lines and substations for the international interconnection with the
power system of the neighboring countries (excluding the facilities related to a local
area supply, e.g. 35 kV interconnection line between a local area in Lao and Vietnam)
- Reactive power compensator to be installed in 500 kV and 230 kV substations
(ii) Local Power Supply System
Following systems were defined as “Local power supply system”.
- 230 kV transmission lines to 230 kV customers and 230/22 kV substations located
out of Vientiane municipality
- 115 kV transmission lines and 115 kV substations (excluding those in Vientiane
municipality)
- 230/22 kV substation located out of Vientiane municipality
- Reactive power compensator to be installed in 115 kV substations
(b) Limitation of Power Flow

(i) Under the normal operation condition, the load to transmission lines and transformers
should be within the rated capacity.
(ii) At any single contingencies, the load of transmission lines and transformers in the trunk
system should be within the rated capacity without supply interruption. However, the
load of 115/22 kV transformers in Vientiane municipality should be within 110% of the
rated capacity after 2010 when the revised system planning criteria would be applied
properly.
(c) Voltage Regulation

(i) Under the normal operation condition, the voltage at any busbar in the transmission system
should be maintained within 95 - 105% of the nominal voltage.
(ii) At the any single contingencies, the voltage at any busbar in the trunk system should be
maintained within 92 - 108% of the nominal voltage without supply interruption.
(iii) The power factor of each generator should be maintained within 90% (leading) - 85%
(lagging).
(d) Fault Current

Three phase short circuit current and one phase to ground fault current should be less than the
following limits.
Table 6.7-1 Maximum Fault Current Level
Voltage class Maximum fault current level
230 kV 40.0 kA (50.0 kA*1)
115 kV 25.0 kA (31.5 kA*2)
22 kV 25.0 kA (31.5 kA*2)
(Note) *1: 50 kA should be applied when the fault current will be expected to exceed 40 kA in the future.
(Note) *2: 31.5 kA should be applied when the fault current will be expected to exceed 25 kA in the future.
VI - 28
(e) Stability
Under the following condition of contingencies, the power system should maintain the stability
without supply interruption or limitation of power generation at main generators.
The condition of contingencies is “a permanent three-phase fault of one circuit” with “normal
fault clearing by main protection relay” and “without re-closing”. The normal fault clearing
time by main protective relay should be as follows.
Table 6.7-2 Normal Fault Clearing Time by Main Protective Relay
Voltage Normal fault cleaning time

230 kV 100 ms
115 kV 140 ms
(2) System Voltage
System voltages of 115 kV and/or 230 kV were basically applied for the domestic power supply
system. The voltage 230 kV should be applied if 230 kV system is more economical than 115 kV
system or 115 kV system will have the following difficulties.
- In case 115 kV will need a lot of transmission lines in the same section and it may cause
environmental or social problem, 230 kV system should be introduced for reducing the
number of transmission lines.
- In case 115 kV will not be able to maintain the fault current within the value of the maximum
fault current level, 230 kV system should be introduced for decreasing the fault current
through the separation of 115 kV transmission system.
- In case 115 kV will not be able to maintain the stability, 230 kV system should be introduced
for improving the system stability.
(3) Conductors Size
The most appropriate conductor size should be applied so as to satisfy the system planning criteria and
to be the most economical. Size of conductor to be applied for a line section was selected through
economical comparison of various alternatives on their annual cost from “construction cost”, “O & M
cost” and “energy loss cost of transmission line”. Energy loss of transmission line was computed
through power flow study in the horizon year 2020.
(4) System Operation
As long as the fault current can be maintained within the appropriate level, power system including
the interconnection with Thailand should be continued, because the interconnection would improve
reliability, voltage and stability of the power system. An issue caused by the interconnection with
Thailand through plural transmission lines is the loop power flow among interconnecting lines. The
VI - 29
Part I Master Plan
loop flow has possibility to cause the coexistence of “export by some lines” and “import by the other
lines”. The coexistence will cause financial loss of Lao PDR due to the different energy rate
between import (higher) and export (lower). One of countermeasure to prevent the trade loss is
improvement of the measuring way of the import and export energy. The present measurement of
energy import and export is individually made for each interconnecting line, and the charge is
imposed to energy flown on an individual interconnection line. It is recommended that the export
and import charges will be imposed for the total balance of import and export energy of all
interconnecting lines. Another countermeasure is an appropriate system operation, i.e., to open of
some interconnection lines with Thailand. However, the open of interconnection lines generally
causes degradation of reliability, voltage and stability of system. The appropriate system operation
should be altered to suit the conditions of demand and supply in both EDL and Thailand. It is
important for system operators to study the appropriate system operation and provide the system
operation plan, always taking into account reliability, voltage and stability as well as monetary loss.
(5) Characteristics for System Analysis
The characteristics of generators, transmission lines and transformers for the system analysis were as
follows.
(a) Generator
Actual data were applied for the existing generators, and the following characteristics were
assumed for the planned generators. (refer to Appendix 6.7)
(i) Hydro power generators
Table 6.7-3 (1) Generator Model; GENSAL

T’do T”do T”qo H D Xd Xq X’d X”d Xl
5.00 0.06 0.10 3.89 0.00 1.20 0.70 0.28 0.20 0.13
S(1.0) S(1.2)
0.03 0.25
Table 6.7-3 (2) Exciter Model; SCRX

Ta/Tb Tb K Te Emin Emax Cswitch Rc/rfd
0.15 10.00 200.0 0.04 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00
Table 6.7-3 (3) Governor Model; IEEEG3

Tg Tp Uo Uc Pmax Pmin Sig Del Tr Tw
0.20 0.04 0.10 -0.10 1.00 0.00 0.04 0.30 5.00 1.00
A11 A13 A21 A23
0.50 1.00 1.50 1.00
Table 6.7-3 (4) PSS Model; IEEEST

ICS IB A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 T1 T2
3 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.18
T3 T4 T5 T6 Ks Lsmax Lsmin Vcu Vcl
0.06 0.18 5.00 5.00 -0.75 0.10 -0.10 0.00 0.00
VI - 30
(ii) Thermal power generators (Hongsa Lignite PS)
Table 6.7-4 (1) Generator Model; GENROU

T’do T”do T’qo T”qo H D Xd Xq X’d X’q
8.37 0.05 1.50 0.05 4.5934 0.00 1.98 1.80 0.269 0.30
X”d Xl S(1.0) S(1.2)
0.195 0.10 0.15 0.50
Table 6.7-4 (2) Exciter Model; SCRX

Ta/Tb Tb K Te Emin Emax Cswitch Rc/rfd
0.15 10.00 200.0 0.04 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00
Table 6.7-4 (3) Governor Model; IEEEG1

M K T1 T2 T3 Uo Uc Pmax Pmin T4 K1
0.00 20.00 0.25 0.00 0.10 0.10 -0.10 1.00 0.00 0.30 0.30
K2 T5 K3 K4 T6 K5 K6 T7 K7 K8
0.00 10.00 0.40 0.00 0.40 0.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Table 6.7-4 (4) PSS Model; IEEEST

ICS IB A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 T1 T2
3 0 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.06 0.18
T3 T4 T5 T6 Ks Lsmax Lsmin Vcu Vcl
0.06 0.18 5.00 5.00 -0.75 0.10 -0.10 0.00 0.00
(b) Transmission lines
(i) Rated Capacity

The rated capacity of each transmission line was assumed below.
Table 6.7-5 Rated Capacity of Transmission Line

Conductor Current 22 kV 115 kV 230 kV 500 kV
[mm2] [MCM] Code Name [A] [MVA] [MVA] [MVA] [MVA]
ACSR 95 186 TA116AG 271 10.3 53 107 234
ACSR 117 235.4 TA147AG 313 11.9 62 124 271
ACSR 158 311 Wolf 377 14.3 75 150 326
ACSR 169 336.4 Linnet 391 14.8 77 155 338
ACSR 240 477 Hawk 484 18.4 96 192 419
ACSR 410 795 Drake 660 25.1 131 262 571
ACSR 610 1,272 Bittern 854 32.5 170 340 739
(ii) Line constants

Actual data were applied for the existing transmission lines, and the data in Table 6.7-6
were applied for the planned transmission lines.
The following data were computed by the PSS/E, basing on the standard towers
conceptually designed by the Team in this report.
VI - 31
Part I Master Plan
Table 6.7-6 Line Constants

Voltage Conductor Circuits [% / cct･km] at 100 MVA Base
[mm2] (Designed) State R X B
115 kV ACSR 95 1cct Positive 0.2368693 0.3591164 0.0346034
Zero 0.3815796 1.0620572 0.0213412
ACSR 117 1 cct Positive 0.1878712 0.3356003 0.0352248
Zero 0.3325816 1.0385411 0.0215759
Zero 0.2822224 1.0185789 0.0218632
Zero 0.4119324 1.7090900 0.0155216
Zero 0.2353416 1.0111687 0.0222506
2 cct Positive 0.0905871 0.2897655 0.0393943
Zero 0.3743567 1.7009244 0.0157083
Zero 0.1994710 0.9989720 0.0228849
2 cct Positive 0.0547458 0.2775916 0.0411944
Zero 0.3384844 1.6886954 0.0160577
230 kV ACSR 610 1 cct Positive 0.0088313 0.0766628 0.1502786
Zero 0.0488859 0.2337648 0.0947159
2 cct Positive 0.0088116 0.0729786 0.1569397
Zero 0.0873346 0.3854767 0.0674149
ACSR 2*610 2 cct Positive 0.0044074 0.0515523 0.2200968
Zero 0.0829366 0.3640133 0.0770560
(c) Transformer
Actual characteristics were applied for the existing transformers, and the characteristics in Table
6.7-7 were applied for the planned transformers.
Table 6.7-7 Characteristics of Transformers

Voltage Impedance Capacity Tap Connection
[kV] [%] [MVA] [kV] ∼ [kV] (taps)
For Substation
500 / 230 17.0 500, 1000, 1500 550.0 ∼ 450.0 (21) Ｙ−Ｙ−Δ
500 / 115 15.0 100, 150, 200 550.0 ∼ 450.0 (21) Ｙ−Ｙ−Δ
230 / 115 12.0 100, 150, 200 253.0 ∼ 207.0 (21) Ｙ−Ｙ−Δ
230 / 22 12.0 10, 20, 30 253.0 ∼ 207.0 (21) Ｙ−Ｙ−Δ
115 / 22 8.5 10, 20, 30 126.5 ∼ 103.5 (17) Ｙ−Ｙ−Δ
For Power Station
500 15.0 Equivalent to Generator 525.0 ∼ 475.0 ( 5) Ｙ−Δ
230 12.0 - ditto - 241.5 ∼ 218.5 ( 5) Ｙ−Δ
115 8.5 - ditto - 120.75 ∼ 109.25 ( 5) Ｙ−Δ
As for the grounding system, “solid neutral grounding system” was applied to 500 kV, 230 kV
and 115 kV systems, and “resistance neutral grounding system” was applied to 22 kV system;
130 ohm for outdoor facility and 65 ohm for indoor facility.
VI - 32
6.8 Optimum Development Plan (Base Plan)
Table 5.6-1 shows the MIH/EDL’s development program of power stations by the year 2020 for
domestic supply together with their scheduled commissioning year and their capacities of peak power
and annual energy in the respective power region. It was confirmed that the balance between
electricity supply and demand is maintained every year by the year 2020. The optimum transmission
systems among demand points, the existing and programmed power stations in the country were
formulated in Sections 6.5 and 6.6. In this Section 6.8, the transmission systems formulated for each
development stage were electrically analyzed. The analyses verified that the formulated systems are
appropriate for the domestic power supply as stated hereinafter.
The transmission systems in each development stage for the years 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020 thus
formulated and verified for the optimum are shown on Figures 6.8-1(1) to 6.8-1(4) indicating
locations of power stations, substations, and 115 kV transmission lines.
6.8.1 Selected Systems
(1) 2001 - 2005
Following five (5) transmission lines as listed in Table 6.8-1 are under construction targeting the
commissioning year to be 2003 by ADB and IDA funds.
Table 6.8-1 Ongoing Transmission Lines
Length Voltage
No. Line Name No. of cct Conductor Fund
(km) (kV)
1 Thalat - Ban Don 46 115 1 ACSR 240 ADB
2 Ban Don - Non Hai 54 115 1 ACSR 240 ADB
3 Xieng Nguen – Xayabury 76 115 1 ACSR 240 ADB
4 Nam Leuk – Phonsavan 164 115 1 ACSR 240 ADB
5 Pakbo – Kengkok 52 115 1 ACSR 240 IDA
Total 392
Transmission lines to be constructed by 2005 are summarized in Table 6.8-2. The single line
diagram of the system up to the year 2005 is shown in Figure 6.8-2 (1).
VI - 33
Part I Master Plan
Table 6.8-2 Transmission Lines to be installed by 2005
Length Voltage No of Comm.

No. Line Name Conductor
(km) (kV) cct Year
1 Thakhek – Nam Theun 2 68 115 2 ACSR 240 2003
2 Nam Mang 3 – Lakxaosi 28 115 2 ACSR 410 2004
3 Lakxaosi – Thanaleng 23 115 2 ACSR 410 2004
4 Thalat – Vangvieng 64 115 2 ACSR 240 2005
5 Luang Prabang – Oudomxai 164 115 2 ACSR 240 2005
6 Pakxan – Thakhek 185 115 2 ACSR 240 2005
7 Thakhek – Pakbo 93 115 2 ACSR 240 2005
8 Nam Theun 2 – Xaibouathong 50 115 1 ACSR 240 2005
9 Kengkok – Xepon 124 115 1 ACSR 240 2005
10 Lakpet – Ban Boun 61 115 2 ACSR 410 2005
11 Ban Boun – Thakho 66 115 2 ACSR 240 2005
12 Xeset 1 - Xeset 2 – Paksong 39 115 2 ACSR 240 2005
Total 965
(2) 2006 - 2010
Power stations of Nam Ngum 5, Nam Beng, Thakho, Nam Theun 2, Xeset 3, and Houay Lamphan
Gnai are planned to be developed in the period of 2006 to 2010. Transmission line system should be
widely expanded for efficient delivery of energy generated at those new plants into the country, for
which following transmission lines are needed.
Transmission lines to be constructed in the period of 2006 to 2010 are summarized in Table 6.8-3.
The single line diagram of the system up to the year 2010 is shown in Figure 6.8-2 (2).

(km) (kV) cct Year
1 Nam Beng – Oudomxai 122 115 2 ACSR 240 2006
2 Nam Ngum 5 – Phoukhoun 26 115 2 ACSR 240 2006
3 Vangvieng – Phoukhoun 72 115 2 ACSR 240 2006
4 Phoukhoun – Luang Prabang 75 115 2 ACSR 240 2006
5 Oudomxai – Namo 43 115 1 ACSR 240 2008
6 Namo – Luang Nam Tha 43 115 1 ACSR 240 2008
7 Namo – Boun Neua 96 115 1 ACSR 240 2008
8 Xayabury – Paklay 124 115 1 ACSR 240 2008
9 Pakbo - Kengkok 52 115 1 ACSR 240 2008
10 Kengkok – Lakpet 180 115 2 ACSR 240 2008
11 πconnection at Xeset 3 PS 1 115 2 ACSR 240 2008
12 Hongsa Lignite – Hongsa 1 115 2 ACSR 240 2010
13 Nam Beng - Hongsa 37 115 1 ACSR 240 2010
14 Hongsa – Xayabury 64 115 1 ACSR 240 2010
15 Lakpet – Xeset 1 76 115 2 ACSR 240 2010
16 Xeset 1 – Saravan 32 115 2 ACSR 240 2010
17 Saravan – Sekong 58 115 2 ACSR 240 2010
18 Sekong – Houay Lamphan Gnai 18 115 2 ACSR 240 2010
19 Naxaithong – Tha Ngon 12 115 1 ACSR 240 2010
20 Nam Leuk – Nam Mang 3 56 115 2 ACSR 410 2010
21 Nam Leuk – Pakxan 85 115 1 ACSR 240 2010
Total 1,273
VI - 34
(3) 2011 - 2015
New power stations of Nam Ngum 4B, Xepon and Nam Pot are programmed to be completed by 2015.
New transmission systems should be constructed for delivery energy generated at the new power
stations by the completion time of respective power station.
Transmission lines to be constructed in the period of 2011-2015 are summarized in Table 6.8-4. The
single line diagram of the system up to the year 2015 is shown in Figure 6.8-2 (3).

(km) (kV) cct Year
1 Nam Beng – Huayxai 103 115 1 ACSR 240 2012
2 Phoukhoun – Nam Ngum 4B 59 115 2 ACSR 240 2012
3 Nam Ngum 4B – Phonsavan 35 115 2 ACSR 240 2012
4 Phonsavan – Xam Nua 152 115 1 ACSR 240 2012
5 Xepon PS – Xepon SS 94 115 2 ACSR 240 2012
6 Xepon SS – Xaibouathong 114 115 1 ACSR 240 2012
7 Ban Boun – Attapeu 123 115 2 ACSR 240 2012
8 Nam Pot –πconnection 6 115 2 ACSR 240 2014
Total 686
(4) 2016 - 2020
Five (5) power stations of Nam Kong 3, Nam Bak-2B, Nam Ngum 4A, Xexou and Nam Xan 2 are
planned to be commissioned by 2020. Following new transmission lines should be completed for
delivering energy into the country, before completion of the respective power station.
Transmission lines to be completed during the period of 2016 to 2020 are summarized in Table 6.8-5.
The single line diagram of the system up to the year 2020 is shown in Figure 6.8-2 (4).

(km) (kV) cct Year
1 Nam Bak 2B – Nam Leuk 42 115 2 ACSR 410 2016
2 Nam Kong 3 – Attapeu 30 115 2 ACSR 240 2016
3 Thalat – Phonesoung 16 115 2 ACSR 410 2016
4 Phonesoung – Phonetong 52 115 2 ACSR 410 2016
5 Nam Ngum 4A – Nam Ngum 4B 14 115 2 ACSR 240 2018
6 Nam Xan 2 – Pakxan 49 115 2 ACSR 240 2020
7 Xexou – Attapeu 45 115 2 ACSR 240 2020
Total 248
VI - 35
Part I Master Plan
6.8.2 Optimization of Selected Systems
(1) Optimization of conductor size
The team examined the relationship between “power flow” and “annual cost of 115 kV ACSR 240,
410, 610 mm2”. The conditions for the examinations are shown in Table 6.8-6. The details of the
examinations are shown in Appendix 6.8-1. The cost of transmission line loss should be assumed at
the export rate to Thailand, because the revenue from export is to be lost by transmission line loss.
The relationship between “conductor size with the lowest annual cost” and “power flow” is shown on
Figure 6.8-3 and Table 6.8-7.
Table 6.8-6 Conditions for Examinations
115 kV ACSR
Conductor size 240 mm2 410 mm2 610 mm2
Investment cost
- 1 cct-tower (Flat Area & Normal Soil) $ 56,926 / km $ 71,916 / km $ 86,047 / km
- 2 cct-tower (Flat Area & Normal Soil) $ 97,993 / km $ 122,415 / km $ 152,906 / km
- 1 cct-Tower (Mountainous Area & Normal Soil) $ 70,444 / km $ 87,446 / km $ 102,547 / km
- 2 cct-Tower (Mountainous Area & Normal Soil) $ 128,915 / km $ 154,667 / km $ 200,316 / km
10% (1 - 10 year) : n, i1
Discount rate: i1, i2
12% (11 - 30 year) : N, i2
Life time of transmission line: n 30 year
Capital recovery factor 0.117 *1
O & M cost ratio of transmission line 1%
Resistance of transmission line (at 100 MVA Base) 0.091% / km 0.055% / km 0.035% / km
Power factor of power flow: Pf 95%
Annual load factor: Lf 60%
Loss factor 0.432 *2
Cost of transmission line loss: Export rate $0.03 / kWh
*1: Capital recovery factor = 1/[[{1-1/(1+i1)n}/i1]+[{1/(1+i2)n-1/(1+i2)N}/i2]]
*2: Loss factor = (0.3*Lf) +( 0.7*Lf2)
Table 6.8-7 Relationship between “Conductor Size with the Lowest Annual Cost” and “Power Flow”
Conductor size with ACSR 240 mm2 ACSR 410 mm2 ACSR 610 mm2
the lowest annual cost Power flow
1cct-tower
Below 65 MW 65 – 84 MW Above 84 MW
(Flat Area & Normal Soil)
2cct-tower
Below 59 MW 59 - 88 MW Above 88 MW
(Flat Area & Normal Soil)
1cct-tower
(Mountainous Area & Normal Soil)
2cct-tower
(Mountainous Area & Normal Soil)
VI - 36
115 kV ACSR 1 cct-Tower (Flat Area & Normal Soil)

17500
15000
2
610 mm
Annual Cost [$ / year]11
84 MW
12500 2
410 mm
65 MW
10000 240 mm
2
7500
20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 110.0 120.0
Power Flow [MW]
115 kV ACSR 2 cct-Tower (Flat Area & Normal Soil)

17500
15000
2
610 mm
12500
88 MW
410 mm2
10000
59 MW
2
240 mm
7500
20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 110.0 120.0
Power Flow [MW]
Figure 6.8-3(a) Relationship between Power Flow and Annual Cost
VI - 37
Part I Master Plan
115 kV ACSR 1 cct-Tower (Mountainous Area & Normal Soil)

20000
17500
610 mm2
87 MW
15000
410 mm2
69 MW
12500
240 mm2
10000
30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 110.0 120.0 130.0
Power Flow [MW]
115 kV ACSR 2 cct-Tower (Mountainous Area & Normal Soil)

20000
610 mm2
17500
107 MW
15000
410 mm2
12500
60 MW
240 mm2
10000
30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 90.0 100.0 110.0 120.0 130.0
Power Flow [MW]
Figure 6.8-3(b) Relationship between Power Flow and Annual Cost
VI - 38
Based on the power flow of each transmission line in 2020, “the conductor size with the lowest annual
cost” was individually selected as the optimum conductor size for each transmission line. However,
the different conductors from the most economical size should be adopted to the routes shown in
Table 6.8-8.
Table 6.8-8 The Route Adopted the Different Conductor from the Most Economical Size
From To Power flow The most economical Conductor size to
in 2020 conductor size be adopted
(a-1) Thalat SwS Phonetong SS 58 MW 240 mm2 410 mm2
(a-2) Phonesoung SS Phonetong SS 53 MW 240 mm2 410 mm2
(b-1) Nam Leuk PS Nam Mang 3 PS 53 MW 240 mm2 410 mm2
(b-2) Nam Mang 3 PS Lakxaosi SS 26 MW 240 mm2 410 mm2
(c) Nam Ngum 5 PS Phoukhoun SwS 50 MW 240 mm2 410 mm2
(d) Nam Back 2 PS Nam Leuk PS 58 MW 240 mm2 410 mm2
(e) Ban Boun SS Lakpet SS 46 MW 240 mm2 410 mm2
The reasons of application of different sized conductors are as follows.
Route (a-1) & (a-2): The transmission line from Thalat SwS to Phonetong SS via Phonesoung SS
should be coordinated as a route to flow the power from North to Vientiane. The threshold of the
power flow for the most economical conductor size between 240 mm and 410 mm2 is 59 MW (2 cct
2
tower in flat area). The power flow of 74MW from Thalat SwS to Phonesoung SS exceeds the
threshold of 59 MW. The power flow of 58 MW from Thalat SwS to Phonetong SS and the power
flow of 53 MW from Phonesoung SS to Phonetong SS are considerably close to the threshold.
Moreover, the power flow from North to Vientiane is considerably large. Therefore, ACSR 410 mm2
should be adapted to this line.
Route (b-1) & (b-2): The transmission line from Nam Leuk PS to Thanaleng SS via Nam Mang 3 PS,
Lakxaosi SS, should be coordinated as a route to flow the power from North to Vientiane. The
threshold of power flow for the most economical conductor size between 240 mm2 and 410 mm2 is 59
MW (2 cct tower in flat area) and 60 MW (2 cct tower in mountainous area). The power flow of 70
MW from Nam Mang 3 PS to Lakxaosi SS exceeds the threshold of 59 MW. The power flow of 53
MW from Nam Leuk PS to Nam Mang 3PS is considerably close to the threshold of 60 MW.
Moreover, the power flow from North to Vientiane is considerably large. Therefore, ACSR 410 mm2
Route (c): The rated capacity of 115 kV ACSR 240 mm2 is 96 MVA or 91 MW at power factor 95%.
At loss of a circuit on this line, the power flow on the remaining circuit is 100 MW and exceeds the
rated capacity of 240 mm2. The power flow of 100 MW is within the rated capacity of 410 mm2, i.e.
131 MVA or 124 MW at power factor 95%. Therefore, ACSR 410 mm2 should be adapted to this
line.
Route (d): The rated capacity of 115 kV ACSR 240 mm2 is 96 MVA or 91 MW at power factor 95%.
VI - 39
Part I Master Plan
At loss of a circuit on this line, the power flow on the remaining circuit is 116 MW and exceeds the
rated capacity of 240 mm2. The power flow of 116 MW is within the rated capacity of 410 mm2, i.e.
131 MVA or 124 MW at power factor 95%. Moreover, power flow on this line of 58 MW is
considerably close to the threshold of power flow for the most economical conductor size between
240 mm2 and 410 mm2 of 60 MW (2 cct tower in mountainous area). Therefore, ACSR 410 mm2
Route (e): The rated capacity of 115 kV ACSR 240 mm2 is 96 MVA or 91 MW at power factor 95%.
At loss of a circuit on this route, the power flow on the remaining circuit is 93 MW and exceeds the
rated capacity of 240 mm2. The power flow 93 MW is within the rated capacity of 410 mm2, i.e. 131
MVA or 124 MW at power factor 95%. Moreover, the power flow on this line would be larger at
lighter demand, because the demands at Ban Boun SS, Thakho SS, and Attapeu SS decease to lighter
demand. Therefore, ACSR 410 mm2 should be adapted to this line.
(2) Optimization of System Voltage
The annual costs including the transmission line losses of 115 kV and 230 kV lines are shown in Table
6.8-9 for the case of the largest power flow of 74 MW in 2020. As seen in the table, 115 kV
transmission line is more economical than 230 kV line even in the case of the largest power flow.
The less power flow gives 230 kV transmission line the less advantage, because the merit through the
reduction of transmission line loss decreases. Moreover, the cost of the related 230 kV substation is
also more expensive than that of 115 kV substation. Therefore, the system voltage of 115 kV is
obviously more economical than the system voltage of 230 kV. On the other hand, the system
voltage of 115 kV has not any difficulties in terms of the number of routes, fault current level and
stability. As a result, the 115 kV system is optimum for the domestic supply in Lao PDR by 2020.
Table 6.8-9 Annual Costs of 115 kV and 230 kV Transmission Lines

Transmission line Annual cost [US$]
Capital
O&M TL loss Total
collection
Plain area 115 kV ACSR 240 mm2 2 cct 11,465 980 12,537 24,982
115 kV ACSR 410 mm2 2 cct 14,323 1,224 7,577 23,124
115 kV ACSR 610 mm2 2 cct 17,890 1,529 4,822 24,241
230 kV ACSR 610 mm2 2 cct 22,809 1,950 1,212 25,971
Mountainous 115 kV ACSR 240 mm2 2 cct 15,083 1,289 12,537 28,909
area 115 kV ACSR 410 mm2 2 cct 18,096 1,547 7,577 27,220
115 kV ACSR 610 mm2 2 cct 23,437 2,003 4,822 30,262
230 kV ACSR 610 mm2 2 cct 28,675 2,451 1,212 32,338
Table 6.8-10 Construction Costs of 115 kV and 230 kV Substations

Transformers Construction cost
115/22 kV 30 MVA 2 units US$ 2,554,500
230/22 kV 30 MVA 2 units US$ 3,326,000
VI - 40
6.8.3 Results of System Analysis
(1) Results of System Analysis for Power Flow and Voltage Regulation
(a) Planned Transmission System in 2005

Figure 6.8-4 shows the results of power flow and voltage analysis in 2005 under normal
operation conditions, and any overload conditions and voltage violations are not found.
Table 6.8-11 shows the results of power flow and voltage analysis in 2005 at any single
contingencies. “Loss of a circuit of transmission line between Thalat SwS and Nam Ngum PS”,
“loss of a transformer at Luang Prabang SS” or “loss of a transformer at Oudomxai SS” causes
widespread voltage violation in Northern Area. However, these voltage violations can be
resolved by “load shedding at Oudomxai SS” and/or “Line open between Luang Prabang SS and
Oudomxai SS”. As for the others, only the expected overload condition, supply interruption
and generator shedding, which are insignificant, are caused by i) overload condition on
transformers by loss of a transformer in the same substation, ii) supply interruption by loss of a
transformer at the substations providing only one transformer, iii) supply interruption and/or
generator shedding by Islanding3 through loss of 1cct-transmission line connecting to the main
power system, and iv) generator shedding by loss of a transformer connecting to its generator.
(b) Planned Transmission System in 2010

contingencies. Loss of a circuit of transmission line “between Thalat SwS and Phonesoung
SS”, “between Phonesoung SS and Phonetong SS”, “between Vangvieng SS and Phoukhoun
SwS”, “between Thalat SwS and Nam Ngum PS” or “between Phonetong SS and Udon 2 SS”
causes overload condition of 115 kV transmission line. However, these overload conditions
can be resolved by decreasing generation power, e.g. less than 20 MW down at Nam Ngum 5 PS.
As for the others, only the expected overload condition, supply interruption and generator
shedding, which are insignificant, are caused as same as the planned transmission system in
2005.
(c) Planned Transmission System in 2015

3 Islanding is a phenomenon in the isolated power system which is electrically separated from the main power system, is caused by
open of transmission lines.
VI - 41
Part I Master Plan
contingencies. The expected overload condition, supply interruption and generator shedding,
which are insignificant, are caused only in the local supply system. In the trunk system, any
overload conditions and voltage violations are not found.
(d) Planned Transmission System in 2020

contingencies. The expected overload condition, supply interruption and generator shedding,
which are insignificant, are caused only in the local supply system. In the trunk system, any
overload conditions and voltage violations are not found.
(2) Results of System Analysis for Fault Current
Figures 6.8-8, 9, 10 and 11 show the results of 3 phase short circuit current analysis in 2005, 2010,
2015 and 2020, respectively. The 3 phase short circuit currents of the planned transmission systems
are maintained within the value of the maximum allowable fault current level. Table 6.8-15 shows
the value of the maximum 3 phase short circuit currents and the locations.
Table 6.8-15 Maximum 3 phase Short Circuit Currents and Locations
Year 115 kV Bus-bar 22 kV Bus-bar

2005 6.8 kA Nam Ngum PS 14.0 kA Phonetong SS
The maximum fault current level 25 – 31.5 kA 25 – 31.5 kA
Figures 6.8-12, 13, 14 and 15 show the results of “one phase to ground fault current” analysis in 2005,
2010, 2015 and 2020, respectively. The fault currents don’t include the additional currents flown
from the interconnection with Thailand. However, the fault current, as seen in Table 6.8-16, is much
less than the value of the maximum allowable fault current level. Therefore, “one phase to ground
fault currents” of the planned transmission systems are considered to be within the allowable value of
the maximum allowable fault current level.
Table 6.8-16 Maximum One Phase to Ground Fault Currents and Locations
Year 115 kV Bus-bar 22 kV Bus-bar

2005 8.0 kA Nam Ngum PS 0.3 kA Bang Yo SS
2010 9.6 kA Nam Ngum PS 0.3 kA Bang Yo SS
2015 10.0 kA Nam Ngum PS 0.4 kA Lakxaosi SS
2020 10.7 kA Nam Ngum PS 0.4 kA Lakxaosi SS
The maximum fault current level 25 – 31.5 kA 25 – 31.5 kA
VI - 42
PSS/E has the function to rank the severity of power flow or voltage among any single contingencies.
Therefore, each top-ten severe contingencies in terms of power flow and voltage were selected to
study on stability by using PSS/E. Moreover, “the single contingency causing the largest Islanding
by loss of 1cct-transmission line” and “the single contingency of T-off transmission lines such as
Phoukhoun SwS, Luang Prabang SS and Xayabury SS” were also added to the study on stability,
because PSS/E can’t deal with these kinds of contingencies for the ranking functions.
Tables 6.8-17, 18, 19 and 20 show the results of stability analysis in 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020,
respectively. In the case of 2005, generator shedding of Nam Mang 3 PS or Xeset 1 PS is caused
because of Islanding. However, the domestic supply system itself can maintain the stability. The
planned transmission systems in 2010, 2015 and 2020 can maintain the stability. Each planned
generator is to have “Power System Stabilizer (PSS)” in order to improve the stability.
Table 6.8-17 Results of Stability Analysis (Base Plan in 2005, Generation: Rated Capacity)
Fault Location
From To cct Results
Name kV Name kV
Nam Ngum 1 (3,4,5G) 115 Phonetong (3,4B) 115 1 Stable
Nam Ngum 1 (3,4,5G) 115 Nam Leuk 115 1 Stable
Thalat 115 Vangvieng 115 2 Stable
Thalat 115 Phonesoung 115 1 Stable
Thalat 115 Nam Ngum (L) 115 1 Stable
Vangvieng 115 Xieng Nguen 115 1
Luang Prabang 115 Xieng Nguen 115 1 Stable
Xieng Nguen 115 Xayabury 115 1
Phonesoung 115 Naxaithong 115 1
Tha Ngon 115 Naxaithong 115 1 Stable
Phonetong (3,4B) 115 Naxaithong 115 1
Phonetong (3,4B) 115 Thanaleng 115 1 Stable
(Generator shedding at Nam Mang 3)
Phonetong (3,4B) 115 Nong Khai (EGAT) 115 2 Stable
Nam Leuk 115 Pakxan 115 1 Stable
Pakxan 115 Thakhek 115 1 Stable
Pakxan 115 Bungkhan (EGAT) 115 1 Stable
Nam Mang 3 115 Lakxaosi 115 1 Stable
Thakhek 115 Pakbo 115 1 Stable
Thakhek 115 Nakonphanom (EGAT) 115 1 Stable
Pakbo 115 Mukudahan 2 (EGAT) 115 1 Stable
Xeset 1 115 Lakpet 115 1 Stable
(Generator shedding at Xeset 1)
Xeset 2 115 Paksong 115 1 Stable
VI - 43
Part I Master Plan
Fault Location
From To Cct Results
Name KV Name kV
Nam Ngum 1 (3,4,5G) 115 Naxaithong 115 2 Stable
Vangvieng 115 Phoukhoun 115 2 Stable
Luang Prabang 115 Xieng Nguen 115 2
Xieng Nguen 115 Xayabury 115 1 Stable
Xieng Nguen 115 Phoukhoun 115 2
Phonesoung 115 Phonetong (3,4B) 115 1 Stable
Xayabury 115 Hongsa S/S 115 1 Stable
Kengkok 115 Xepone 115 1 Stable
Kengkok 115 Lakpet 115 1 Stable
Bang Yo 115 Lakpet 115 1 Stable
Bang Yo 115 Sirindhorn (EGAT) 115 1 Stable
Paksong 115 Xeset 3 115 1 Stable
Fault Location
From To cct Results
Name kV Name kV
Nam Leuk 115 Nam Pot 115 1 Stable
Phonsavan 115 Nam Pot 115 1 Stable
Xepone 115 Xepon Gen 115 1 Stable
Oudomxai 115 Namo 115 1 Stable
VI - 44
Fault Location
From To cct Results
Name kV Name kV
Thalat 115 Phonetong (3,4B) 115 2 Stable
Luang Prabang 115 Xieng Ngeun 115 2
Xieng Ngeun 115 Xayabury 115 1 Stable
Xieng Ngeun 115 Phoukhoun 115 2
Attapeu 115 Ban Boun 115 1 Stable
(4) Summary of System Analysis
Any overload conditions and voltage violations are not found in the planned transmission systems
under normal operation conditions. At some single contingencies, voltage violations are caused in
2005 and overload conditions are caused in 2010 in the trunk system. However, these difficulties
can be resolved by a small amount of load shedding or generation power limitation. There are no
difficulties in the trunk system in 2015 and 2020 at any single contingencies. The planned
transmission systems do not have any difficulties in terms of fault current and stability. Therefore, it
is concluded that the Base Plan satisfies the system planning criteria for power flow, voltage
regulation, fault current and stability simultaneously.
(5) Case study on Generation at Firm Capacity
In dry season, some power stations can not be operated at the rated capacity due to poor water inflow
and would generate only by the firm capacity. Therefore, the system analysis for the case of
generation at the firm capacity was also conducted. Details of the study are shown in Appendix
6.8-2. As a result, even in the case of generation at the firm capacity, the Base Plan was verified to
satisfy the system planning criteria for power flow, voltage regulation, fault current and stability
simultaneously.
(6) Case study on Reinforcement to Substation at Thalat SwS
EDL requested the Team to study the additional case that Thalat SwS is upgraded to a substation and
VI - 45
Part I Master Plan
the local load of Nam Ngum PS is shifted to Thalat SS by the year 2010. Therefore, the system
analysis for this alternation case was also conducted. Details of the analysis is shown in Appendix
6.8-3. As a result, the alternation case was verified to be equivalent to the base case and quite
feasible.
6.9 Case Study on System Operation
It’s important for system operators, e.g. load dispatching center, to study the appropriate system
operation and provide the system operation plan, always taking into account reliability, voltage
regulation and stability as well as economy. Examples of the efficient system operation are
recommended in the following sub-sections.
6.9.1 Coexistence of Import and Export
The Base Plan has the coexistence of “export by some lines” and “import by the other lines”. The
coexistence will cause financial loss of EDL due to the different energy rate between import (high)
and export (low). The situations of export and import on the Base Plan are shown in Table 6.9-1.
Table 6.9-1 Situations of Import and Export

[Unit: MW]
Nong Bung Nakon Muku Sirind net
Year Udon 2 total
Khai khan Phanom dahan horn export
Import -49.6 -1.8 -51.4
2005 23.8
Export 1.1 28.0 26.7 19.4 75.2
Base Plan Import
2010 206.1
Export 20.6 73.6 45.3 4.4 31.4 30.8 206.1
Generation: Import -8.2 -8.2
2015 140.6
Rated capacity Export 6.9 49.0 43.4 28.3 21.2 148.8
Import -5.6 -5.6
2020 215.2
Export 18.3 70.1 67.7 25.1 39.6 220.8
Import -10.2 -54.4 -0.6 -65.2
2005 -15.0
Export 7.3 22.8 20.1 50.2
Base Plan Import -6.4 -6.4
2010 120.6
Export 2.2 40.2 38.0 21.0 25.6 127.0
Generation: Import -15.0 -24.8 -39.8
2015 33.8
Firm capacity Export 9.8 33.9 16.1 13.8 73.6
Import -12.8 -31.8 -44.6
2020 46.6
Export 14.5 49.6 6.2 20.9 91.2
As for the Base Plan in the case of generation at the rated capacity, the planned transmission system in
2005 causes a lot of import and a lot of export simultaneously. As for the Base plan in the case of
generation at the firm capacity, the planned transmission system in 2020 also causes a lot of import
and a lot of export simultaneously. In these two cases, the countermeasures by system operation, i.e.
the open of transmission lines, are recommended. The system operation that interconnects the power
system as close as possible is named as the closed system operation. The system operation that
VI - 46
opens some of the transmission lines is named as the opened system operation. The open of
transmission lines generally causes degradation of reliability, voltage regulation and stability of the
system. Therefore, system operation plan should be carefully decided by system operators through
system analysis and economic evaluation.
6.9.2 Example of System Operation for Base Plan in 2005 (Generation: Rated Capacity)
(1) System Operation Plan and Effectiveness
A recommendable system operation for improving the balance of import and export is that
transmission lines “between Pakxan SS and Bungkhan SS”, “between Pakbo SS and Mukudahan 2
SS” and “between Nam Ngum PS and Nam Leuk PS” are opened. The effect of the opened system
operation is shown in Table 6.9-2, i.e. import is reduced from 51 MW to 17 MW (▲34 MW).
Table 6.9-2 Import and Export under Recommendable System Operation

(Base Plan in 2005, Generation: Rated Capacity)
Udon 2 total
Closed Import -49.6 -1.8 -51.4
23.8
system operation Export 1.1 28.0 26.7 19.4 75.2
Opened Import -3.5 - -13.6 - -17.1
22.0
system operation Export 19.7 - - 19.4 39.1
(2) Results of System Analysis for Power Flow and Voltage Regulation
Figure 6.9-1 shows the results of power flow and voltage analysis under normal operation conditions,
and any overload conditions and voltage violations are not found under the opened system operation.
Table 6.9-3 shows the results of power flow and voltage analysis at any single contingencies.
Compared with the closed system operation, “generator shedding of Nam Leuk PS and supply
interruption of Phonsavan SS” by loss of a transmission line between Nam Leuk PS and Pakxan SS is
additionally caused, because the transmission line between Nam Ngum PS and Nam Leuk PS is
opened. Besides, additional installation of static Condenser (5 MVar) is necessary at Xepon SS, in
order to maintain the voltage. As for the others, the situations under the opened system operation are
almost same as the closed system operation.
(3) Results of Fault Current Analysis
Since the fault currents under the opened system operation are absolutely decreased by the open of
those transmission lines compared with the closed system operation, the fault current analysis is not
necessary.
VI - 47
Part I Master Plan
(4) Results of Stability Analysis
Table 6.9-4 shows the results of stability analysis for the opened system operation. Compared with
the closed system operation, only Nam Leuk PS is added as the case of generator shedding by
Islanding, because of the open of transmission line between Nam Leuk PS and Pakxan SS. However,
the domestic supply system itself can maintain the stability.
Table 6.9-4 Results of Stability Analysis in 2005

(Base Plan under Opened System Operation, Generation: Rated Capacity)
Fault Location
From To cct Results
Name kV Name kV
Nam Ngum 1 (3,4,5G) 115 Phonetong (3,4B) 115 1 Stable
Vangvieng 115 Xieng Nguen 115 1
Luang Prabang 115 Xieng Nguen 115 1 Stable
Xieng Nguen 115 Xayabury 115 1
Luang Prabang 115 Oudomxai 115 1 Stable
Phonesoung 115 Naxaithong 115 1
Tha Ngon 115 Naxaithong 115 1 Stable
Phonetong (3,4B) 115 Naxaithong 115 1
Phonetong (3,4B) 115 Thanaleng 115 1 Stable
(Generator shedding at Nam Mang 3)
(Generator shedding at Nam Leuk)
Thakhek 115 Pakbo 115 1 Stable
Thakhek 115 Nakonphanom (EGAT) 115 1 Stable
Pakbo 115 Kengkok 115 1 Stable
Xeset 1 115 Lakpet 115 1 Stable
(Generator shedding at Xeset 1)
Xeset 2 115 Paksong 115 1 Stable
Although the transmission system under the opened system operation increases the risk of generator
shedding at Nam Leuk PS and supply interruption at Phonsavan SS at a single contingency, it is quite
feasible in point of system analysis. However, it’s important to decide the application of this system
operation through the economic evaluation basing on the merit by the reduction of import and the
demerit by the increase of transmission loss and necessary static capacitor.
VI - 48
6.9.3 Example of System Operation for Base Plan in 2020 (Generation: Firm Capacity)
(1) System Operation Plan and Effectiveness
A recommendable system operation for improving the balance of import and export is that
transmission lines “between Pakxan SS and Bungkhan SS” and “between Thakhek SS and
Nakonphanom SS” are opened. The effect of the opened system operation is shown in Table 6.9-5,
i.e. import is reduced from 45 MW to 5 MW (▲40 MW).
Table 6.9-5 Import and Export under Recommendable System Operation in 2020
(Base Plan, Generation: Firm Capacity)
Udon 2 total
Closed Import -12.8 -31.8 -44.6
46.6
system operation Export 14.5 49.6 6.2 20.9 91.2
Opened Import -4.9 - - -4.9
44.2
system operation Export 27.8 - - 0.3 21.0 49.1
(2) Results of Power Flow and Voltage Regulation Analysis
Figure 6.9-2 shows the results of power flow and voltage analysis under normal operation conditions,
and any overload conditions and voltage violations are not found under the opened system operation.
Table 6.9-6 shows the results of power flow and voltage analysis at any single contingencies.
Compared with the closed system operation, additional installation of static Condenser (5 MVar) is
necessary at Bungkham SS in order to maintain the voltage. As for the others, the situations under
the opened system operation are same as the closed system operation.
Since the fault currents under the opened system operation are absolutely decreased by the open of
those transmission lines compared with the closed system operation, the fault current analysis is not
necessary.
Table 6.9-7 shows the results of stability analysis for the opened system operation. The transmission
system under the opened system operation can maintain the stability.
VI - 49
Part I Master Plan
Table 6.9-7 Results of Stability Analysis in 2020

(Base Plan, Opened System Operation, Generation: Firm Capacity)
Fault Location
From To cct Results
Name kV Name kV
Nam Ngum (3,4,5G) 115 Naxaithong 115 2 Stable
Luang Prabang 115 Phoukhoun 115 3 Stable
Nam Leuk 115 Nam Mang 3 115 1 Stable
Nam Leuk 115 Nam Bak 2 115 1 Stable
Attapeu 115 Ban Boun 115 1 Stable
In point of system analysis, the transmission system under opened system operation is equivalent to
the closed system operation. Therefore, the recommendation is quite feasible. However, it’s
important to decide the application of this system operation through the economic evaluation basing
on the merit by the reduction of import and the demerit by the increase of transmission loss and
necessary static capacitor.
VI - 50
6.10 Case Study on Alternation of Generation Development Program
The supplemental system analysis has been conducted on the case of the assumed alternation of the
present generation development program for a flexible system plan.
6.10.1 Alternation of Present Generation Development Program
The assumed alternation of the present generation development program is shown in Table 6.10-1.
The alternation is assumed that the programmed commissioning years of power stations may delay.
Table 6.10-1 Alternation of Generation Development Program
Name Rated Capacity Commissioning Year Delay

[MW] Alternation Base case [year]
Nam Mang 3 35 2004 2004 0
Xeset 2 76 2005 2005 0
Nam Ngum 5 100 2006 2007 1
Nam Beng 45 2006 2007 1
Thakho 36 2008 2009 1
Xeset 3 20 2008 2009 1
Houay Lamphan Gnai 65 2010 2011 1
Nam Ngum 4B 54 2012 2014 2
Xepon 75 2012 2014 2
Nam Pot 23 2014 2016 2
Nam Kong 3 34 2016 2018 2
Nam Bak 2B 116 2016 2018 2
Nam Ngum 4A 54 2018 2020 2
Xexou 59 2020 2022 2
Nam Sane2 60 2020 2022 2
6.10.2 Results of System Analysis
(1) Results of Power Flow and Voltage Regulation Analysis
(a) Planned Transmission System in 2010

contingencies. The situations on the case of the alternation are almost same as the case of the
present generation development program.
(b) Planned Transmission System in 2015

VI - 51
Part I Master Plan
contingencies. The situations on the case of the alternation are same as the case of the present
(c) Planned Transmission System in 2020

contingencies. The situations on the case of the alternation are same as the case of the present
Compared with the case of the present generation development program, the fault currents on the case
of the alternation are absolutely decreased due to the postponement of developed generators.
Therefore, the fault current analysis is not necessary.
Tables 6.10-5, 6 and 7 show the results of stability analysis for the alternation of the present
generation development program. The transmission system can also maintain the stability in the case
of the alternation.
Table 6.10-5 Results of Stability Analysis

(Alternation of Generation Development Program in 2010)
Fault Location
From To cct Results
Name kV Name kV
VI - 52

Fault Location
From To cct Results
Name kV Name kV
Nam Leuk 115 Phonsavan 115 2 Stable
Xepone 115 Xepon Gen 115 1 Stable

Fault Location
From To cct Results
Name kV Name kV
Thalat 115 Phonetong (3,4B) 115 2 Stable
Nam Leuk 115 Nam Mang 3 115 1 Stable
Nam Leuk 115 Nam Bak 2 115 1 Stable
Any overload conditions and voltage violations in the planned transmission systems under normal
operation conditions. At some single contingencies, overload conditions are caused in the trunk
VI - 53
Part I Master Plan
system in 2010 as same as the case of the present generation development program. However, these
difficulties can be resolved by a small amount of generation power limitation. There are not any
difficulties in the trunk system in 2015 and 2020 at any single contingencies. The planned
transmission systems do not have any difficulties in terms of fault current and stability. Therefore,
even in the case of the alternation of the present generation development program, the Base Plan
satisfies the system planning criteria for power flow, voltage regulation, fault current and stability
simultaneously. Base Plan is a flexible system plan against the delay of generation development.
VI - 54
Table 6.4-1 Characteristics of Existing Transmission Lines (as of June 2002)
Voltage Length Conductor Year of

Line Name cct Owner
completion
(kV) (km) (sq.mm)
Central 1 Region
Nam Ngum 1 - Thalat 115 1 4.85 240 EDL 1971
Nam Ngum1 - Nam Leuk 115 1 55.2 240 EDL 2000
Nam Leuk - Pakxan 115 1 85.2 240 EDL 2000
Luang Prabang - Vangvieng 115 1 147 117 EDL 1996
Vangvieng - Thalat 115 1 63.6 117 EDL 1996
Thalat - Phonesoung 115 1 19.2 240 EDL 1971
Phonesoung - Naxaithong 115 1 40 240 EDL 1971
Naxaithong - Phonetong 115 1 12 240 EDL 1971
Phonetong - Thanaleng 115 1 18 95 EDL 1971
Naxaithong - Tha Ngon 115 1 12 158 EDL 1971
Thanaleng - Nong Khai (EGAT) 115 1 10.9 95 EDL 1971
Nam Ngum 1 - Phonetong 115 2 73 240 EDL 1978
Phonetong - Udon Thani (EGAT) 115 2 78 240 EDL 1978
Pakxan - Beungkan (EGAT) 115 1 11 240 EDL 2002
Xieng Ngen - Xayabury 115 1 75.4 240 EDL On going
Thalat - Bon Don 115 1 35.7 240 EDL On going
Bon Don - Non Hai 115 1 54 240 EDL On going
Nam Leuk - Phonsavan 115 1 158 240 EDL On going
Central 2 Region
Theun Hinboun - Thakhek 230 2 86 2x645#1 IPP 1998
#1
Thakhek - Nakhon Phanom (EGAT) 115 2 83.5 2x645 IPP 1998
Pakbo - Mukdahan (EGAT) 115 1 13.7 240 EDL 1996
Pakbo - Kengkok 115 1 50 240 EDL On going
Southern Region
Houay Ho - Udon Ratchathani (EGAT) 230 2 230 2x645#1 IPP 1999
Xeset 1 - Bang Yo 115 1 78.4 240 EDL 1991
Bang Yo - Siridhon (EGAT) 115 1 60 240 EDL 1991
Note: #1: Twin conductors of 1272MCM.
Table 6.4-2 Characteristics of Existing HV Substations (as of June 2002)
TR
Voltage Transformer Year of
Station Name Capacity Owner
completion
(kV) (MVA) (No.x MVA)
Central 1 Regieon
Nam Leuk PS 115/34.5/22 10 1 x 10 EDL 2000
Pakxan SS 115/22 5 1x5 EDL 2000
Luang Prabang SS 115/22 12.5 1 x 12.5 EDL 1996
Vangvieng SS 115/22 12.5 1 x 12.5 EDL 1996
Thalat SwS 115 0 0 EDL 1971
Phonesoung SS 115/22 10 1 x 10 EDL 1971
Phonetong SS 115/22 90 3 x 30 EDL 1971
Thanaleng SS 115/22 32 1 x 10, 1 x 22 EDL 1971
Tha Ngon SS 115/22 22 1 x 22 EDL 1978
Xayabury SS 115/34.5/22 16 1 x 16 EDL U/C
Bon Don SS 115/34.5/22 16 1 x 16 EDL U/C
Non Hai SS 115/34.5/22 16 1 x 16 EDL U/C
Phonsavan SS 115/34.5/22 16 1 x 16 EDL U/C
Central 2 Regieon
Theun Hinboun PS 230/22 50 1 x 50 IPP 1998
Pakbo SS 115/22 20 2 x 10 EDL 1996
Kengkok SS 115/22 20 2 x 10 EDL U/C
Southern Regieon
Bang Yo SS 115/22 32 2 x 8, 1 x 16 EDL 1991
Table 6.6-1 Existing and Planned 115 kV Transmission Lines
Transmission Line cct No. Length Conductor size
No. Region
From To Exist New Total (km) Exist New
1 Nam Ngum 1 P/S Nam Leuk P/S 1 1 55.2 240 C1
2 Nam Ngum 1 P/S Thalat SwS 1 1 4.8 240 C1
3 Nam Ngum 1 P/S Naxaythong SwS 2 2#1 61 240 C1
4 Naxaythong SwS Phonetong S/S 2 2#1 12 240 C1
5 Thalat SwS Phonesoung S/S 2#3 2 16.2 410 C1
6 Phonesoung S/S Phonetong S/S 2#3 2 52 410 C1
7 Phonetong S/S Thanaleng S/S 1 1 18 95 C1
8 Tha Ngon S/S Naxaythong S/S 1 1 2#1 12 240 240 C1
9 Thalat SwS Ban Don S/S 1#2 1 45.8 240 C1
10 Ban Don S/S Non Hai S/S 1#2 1 54 240 C1
11 Thalat SwS Vangvieng S/S 1 2 3 64 117 240 C1
12 Vangvieng S/S Phoukhoun SwS 1 2 3 72.2 117 240 C1
13 Phoukhoun SwS Xieng Nguen SwS 1 2 3 60 117 240 C1
14 Xieng Nguen SwS Luang Pravang S/S 1 2 3 15 117 240 C1
15 Luang Pravang S/S Oudomxai S/S 2 2 164 240 C1-N
16 Oudomxai S/S Namo SwS 1 1 43 240 N
17 Namo SwS Luang Nam Tha S/S 1 1 43 240 N
18 Namo SwS Boun Neua S/S 1 1 96 240 N
19 Nam Beng P/S Oudomxai S/S 2 2 122 240 N
20 Nam Beng P/S Hongsa S/S 1 1 37 240 N-C1
21 Nam Beng P/S Huayxai S/S 1 1 103 240 N
22 Hongsa Lignite P/S Hongsa S/S 2 2 1 240 C1
23 Hongsa S/S Xayabury S/S 1 1 64 240 C1
24 Xayabury S/S Paklay S/S 1 1 124 240 C1
25 Xieng Nguen SwS Xayabury S/S 1#2 1 76 240 C1
26 Nam Ngum 5 P/S Phoukhoun SwS 2 2 26 410 C1
27 Phoukhoun SwS Nam Ngum 4B P/S 2 2 59 240 C1
28 Nam Ngum 4A P/S Nam Ngum 4B P/S 2 2 14 240 C1
29 Nam Ngum 4B P/S Phonsavan S/S 2 2 35 240 C1
30 Phonsavan S/S Xam Nua S/S 1 1 152 240 C1-N
31 Phonsavan S/S π connection 1#2 1 54 240 C1
32 Nam Pot P/S π connection 2 2 6 240 C1
33 π connection Nam Leuk P/S 1#2 1 110 240 C1
34 Nam Bak 2B P/S Nam Leuk P/S 2 2 42 410 C1
35 Nam Leuk P/S Nam Mang 3 P/S 2 2 56 410 C1
36 Nam Mang 3 P/S Lakxaosi S/S 2 2 28 410 C1
37 Lakxaosi S/S Thanaleng S/S 2 2 23 410 C1
38 Nam Leuk P/S Pakxan S/S 1 1 2 85.2 240 240 C1
39 Nam Xan 2 P/S Pakxan S/S 2 2 49 240 C1
40 Pakxan S/S Thakhek S/S 2 2 185 240 C1-C2
41 Nam Theun 2 P/S Thakhek S/S 2 2 68 240 C2
42 Thakhek S/S Pakbo S/S 2 2 93 240 C2
43 Pakbo S/S Kengkok S/S 1#2 1 2 52 240 240 C2
44 Kengkok S/S Xepon S/S 1 1 124 240 C2
45 Nam Theun 2 P/S Xaibouathong S/S 1 1 50 240 C2
46 Xaibouathong S/S Xepon S/S 1 1 114 240 C2
47 Xepon S/S Xepon P/S 2 2 94 240 C2-S
48 Kengkok S/S Lakpet SwS 2 2 180 240 C2-S
49 Lakpet SwS Bang Yo S/S 1 1 4 240 S
50 Lakpet SwS Ban Boun S/S 2 2 61 410 S
51 Ban Boun S/S Thakho S/S 2 2 66 240 S
52 Lakpet SwS Xeset 1 P/S 1 2 3 76 240 240 S
53 Xeset 1 P/S Xeset 2 P/S 2 2 2 240 S
54 Xeset 2 P/S Xeset 3 P/S 2 2 16 240 S
55 Xeset 3 P/S Paksong 2 2 23 240 S
55 Xeset 1 P/S Saravan S/S 2 2 32 240 S
56 Saravan S/S Sekong S/S 2 2 58 240 S
57 Sekong S/S Houay Lamphan Gnai P/S 2 2 18 240 S
58 Ban Boun S/S Attapeu S/S 2 2 123 240 S
59 Attapeu S/S Nam Kong 3 P/S 2 2 30 240 S
60 Attapeu S/S Xexou P/S 2 2 45 240 S
Note: #1=Naxaythong S/S is former SwS of single circuit line and is changed to S/S of double circuit lines.
#2=Under construction line.
#3=Previously 240 mm2 single line and re-constructed as 410 mm2 double circuit.
Table 6.8-11 Results of Power Flow and Voltage Analysis at any Single Contingencies in 2005
(Base Plan, Generation: Rated Capacity)
Location of Fault Results
From To
CKT Problems Locations of Problems Countermeasurs
Name kV Name kV
Phontong 22 Phontong (3,4B) 115 3
Vangvieng 22 Vangvieng 115 1 Supply interruption Vangvieng 22 kV
Luangprabang 22 Luangprabang 115 1 Supply interruption Luangprabang 22 kV
Over voltage Xayabury 22 kV , Xayabury 115 kV Line open of Luangprabang SS - Oudomxai SS
Oudomxai 22 kV , Oudomxai 115 kV
Luangprabang 115 kV
Phonsoung 22 Phonsoung 115 2 Supply interruption Phonsoung 22 kV
Thangon 22 Thangon 115 1 Supply interruption Thangon 22 kV
Thanaleng 22 Thanaleng 115 1
Thanaleng 22 Thanaleng 115 2 Overload From Thanaleng 22 kV To Thanaleng 115 kV CKT 1
Nam Ngum (L) 22 Nam Ngum (L) 115 1 Supply interruption Nam Ngum (L) 22 kV
Non Hai 22 Non Hai 115 1 Supply interruption Non Hai 22 kV
Pakxan 22 Pakxan 115 2 Supply interruption Pakxan 22 kV
Phonsavan 22 Phonsavan 115 1 Supply interruption Phonsavan 22 kV
Xayabury 22 Xayabury 115 1 Supply interruption Xayabury 22 kV
Ban Don 22 Ban Don 115 1 Supply interruption Ban Don 22 kV
Nam Leuk (L) 22 Nam Leuk 115 1 Supply interruption Nam Leuk (L) 22 kV
Lakxaosi 22 Lakxaosi 115 1 Overload From Lakxaosi 22 kV To Lakxaosi 115 kV CKT 2
Nam Ngum (3,4,5G) 115 Phontong (3,4B) 115 1
Nam Ngum (3,4,5G) 115 Nam Leuk 115 1
Nam Ngum (3,4,5G) 115 Nam Ngum (L) 115 1
Nam Ngum (3,4,5G) 115 Nam Ngum (3T) 11 3 Generator shedding Nam Ngum (3T) 11 kV
Thalat 115 Vangvieng 115 1
Thalat 115 Phonsoung 115 1
Thalat 115 Nam Ngum (L) 115 1 Under voltage Vangvieng 22 kV Load shedding at Oudomxai SS
Luangprabang 22 kV , Luangprabang 115 kV
Xayabury 22 kV , Xayabury 115 kV
Thalat 115 Ban Don 115 1 Supply interruption Non Hai 115 kV , Ban Don 115 kV
Vangvieng 115 Xieng Ngeun 115 1 Supply interruption Luangprabang 115 kV , Xayabury 115 kV
Luangprabang 115 Xieng Ngeun 115 1 Oudomxai 115 kV
Xieng Ngeun 115 Xayabury 115 1
Luangprabang 115 Oudomxai 115 1
Phonsoung 115 Naxaythong 115 1 Supply interruption Thangon 115 kV
Phontong (3,4B) 115 Naxaythong 115 1
Thangon 115 Naxaythong 115 1
Phontong (3,4B) 115 Thanaleng 115 1 Supply interruption Thanaleng 115 kV , Lakxaosi 115 kV
Generator shedding Nam Mang 3 115 kV
Phontong (3,4B) 115 Nong Khai (EGAT) 115 2
Phontong (3,4B) 115 Udon 2 (EGAT) 115 3
Thanaleng 115 Lakxaosi 115 1
Nam Leuk 115 Phonsavan 115 2 Supply interruption Phonsavan 115 kV
Nam Leuk 115 Pakxan 115 1
From To
Name kV Name kV
Nam Leuk 115 Nam Leuk (2T) 11 2 Generator shedding Nam Leuk (2T) 11 kV
Pakxan 115 Thakhek 115 1
Pakxan 115 Bungkhan (EGAT) 115 1
Nam Ngum (1,2G) 115 Nam Ngum (1T) 11 1 Supply interruption Nam Ngum (1T) 11 kV
Nam Ngum (1,2G) 115 Nam Ngum (2T) 11 2 Supply interruption Nam Ngum (2T) 11 kV
Non Hai 115 Ban Don 115 1 Supply interruption Non Hai 115 kV
Nam Mang 3 115 Lakxaosi 115 1
Nam Mang 3 115 Nam Mang 3 (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Mang 3 (1T) 11 kV
Thakhek 22 Thakhek 115 1
Pakbo 22 Pakbo 115 1
Kengkok 22 Kengkok 115 1 Overload From Kengkok 22 kV To Kengkok 115 kV cct 2
Xepone 22 Xepone 115 1 Supply interruption Xepone 22 kV
Nam Theun 2 22 Nam Theun 2 115 1 Supply interruption Nam Theun 2 22 kV
Xaybouathong 22 Xaybouathong 115 1 Supply interruption Xaybouathong 22 kV
Thakhek 115 Pakbo 115 1
Thakhek 115 Nam Theun 2 115 1
Thakhek 115 Nakonphanom (EGAT) 115 1
Pakbo 115 Kengkok 115 1 Supply interruption Kengkok 115 kV , Xepone 115 kV
Pakbo 115 Mukudahan 2 (EGAT) 115 1
Kengkok 115 Xepone 115 1 Supply interruption Xepone 115 kV
Nam Theun 2 115 Xaybouathong 115 1 Supply interruption Xaybouathong 115 kV
Oudomxai 22 Oudomxai 115 1 Supply interruption Oudomxai 22 kV
Over voltage Luangprabang 22 kV , Xayabury 22 kV Line open of Luangprabang SS - Oudomxai SS
Oudomxai 115 kV
Bang Yo 22 Bang Yo 115 1
Thakho 22 Thakho 115 1 Supply interruption Thakho 22 kV
Ban Boun 22 Ban Boun 115 1 Supply interruption Ban Boun 22 kV
Xeset 1 115 Lakpet 115 1 Generator shedding Xeset 1 115 kV
Xeset 1 115 Xeset 1 (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Xeset 1 (1T) 11 kV , Xeset 22 kV
Bang Yo 115 Lakpet 115 1 Supply interruption Thakho 115 kV , Ban Boun 115 kV
Generator shedding Xeset 1 115 kV ,
Bang Yo 115 Sirindhorn (EGAT) 115 1 Supply interruption Bang Yo 115 kV , Thakho 115 kV
Ban Boun 115 kV
Generator shedding Xeset 1 115 kV
Thakho 115 Ban Boun 115 1
Xeset 2 115 Xeset 3 115 1
Paksong 115 Xeset 3 115 1
Xeset 2 115 Xeset 2 (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Xeset 2 (1T) 11 kV
Paksong 115 Paksong 230 1 Supply interruption Paksong 115 kV
Ban Boun 115 Lakpet 115 1
From To
Name kV Name kV
Vangvieng 22 Vangvieng 115 1 Overload From Vangvieng 22 kV To Vangvieng 115 kV cct 2
Thanaleng 22 Thanaleng 115 2 Overload From Thanaleng 22 kV To Thanaleng 115 kV cct 1
Hongsa S/S 22 Hongsa S/S 115 1 Supply interruption Hongsa S/S 22 kV
Parklay 22 Parklay 115 1 Supply interruption Parklay 22 kV
Nam Beng (L) 22 Nam Beng 115 1 Supply interruption Nam Beng (L) 22 kV
Naxaythong 22 Naxaythong 115 1
Lakxaosi 22 Lakxaosi 115 1 Overload From Lakxaosi 22 kV To Lakxaosi 115 kV cct 2,3
Nam Ngum (3,4,5G) 115 Naxaythong 115 2
Thalat 115 Phonsoung 115 1 Overload From Thalat 115 kV To Nam Ngum (L) 115 kV cct 1 Limitation of generation at Nam Ngum 5: 100 MW→80 MW
Thalat 115 Nam Ngum (L) 115 1 Overload From Thalat 115 kV To Phonsoung 115 kV cct 1 Limitation of generation at Nam Ngum 5: 100 MW→80 MW
Vangvieng 115 Luangprabang 115 1
Vangvieng 115 Phoukhoun 115 2 Overload From Vangvieng 115 kV To Phoukhoun 115 kV cct 3 Limitation of generation at Nam Ngum 5: 100 MW→95 MW
Luangprabang 115 Xieng Ngeun 115 2
Luangprabang 115 Phoukhoun 115 3
Phonsoung 115 Phontong (3,4B) 115 1 Overload From Thalat 115 kV To Nam Ngum (L) 115 kV cct 1 Limitation of generation at Nam Ngum 5: 100 MW→85 MW
Phontong (3,4B) 115 Thanaleng 115 1
From To
Name kV Name kV
Phontong (3,4B) 115 Udon 2 (EGAT) 115 3 Overload From Phontong (3,4B) 115 kV To Nong Khai (EGAT) 115 kV cct 2 Limitation of generation at Nam Ngum 5: 100 MW→95 MW
Nam Leuk 115 Nam Mang 3 115 1
Nam Ngum (1,2G) 115 Nam Ngum (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Ngum (1T) 11 kV
Xayabury 115 Hongsa S/S 115 1
Xayabury 115 Parklay 115 1 Supply interruption Parklay 115 kV
Hongsa S/S 115 Nam Beng 115 1
Hongsa S/S 115 Hongsa Lignite 115 1
Phoukhoun 115 Nam Ngum 5 115 1
Nam Beng 115 Nam Beng (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Beng (1T) 11 kV
Nam Beng 115 Oudomxai 115 1
Nam Ngum 5 115 Nam Ngum 5 (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Ngum 5 (1T) 11 kV
Nam Mo 115 Nam Mo (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Mo (1T) 11 kV
Nam Mo 115 EVN(EVN) 115 1
Hongsa Lignite 115 Hongsa Lignite 11 1 Generator shedding Hongsa Lignite 11 kV
Thakhek 22 Thakhek 115 1 Overload From Thakhek 22 kV To Thakhek 115 kV cct 2
Pakbo 22 Pakbo 115 1 Overload From Pakbo 22 kV To Pakbo 115 kV cct 2
Pakbo 115 Kengkok 115 1
Kengkok 115 Lakpet 115 1
From To
Name kV Name kV
Nam Theun 2 115 Nam Theun 2 (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Theun 2 (1T) 11 kV
Boun Neua 22 Boun Neua 115 1 Supply interruption Boun Neua 22 kV
Lauangnamtha 22 Lauangnamtha 115 1 Supply interruption Lauangnamtha 22 kV
Lauangnamtha 115 Namo 115 1 Supply interruption Lauangnamtha 115 kV
Oudomxai 115 Namo 115 1 Supply interruption Lauangnamtha 115 kV , Boun Neua 115 kV
Namo 115 Boun Neua 115 1 Supply interruption Boun Neua 115 kV
Saravan 22 Saravan 115 1 Supply interruption Saravan 22 kV
Sekong 22 Sekong 115 1 Supply interruption Sekong 22 kV
Lakpet 22 Lakpet 115 1 Supply interruption Lakpet 22 kV
Xeset 1 115 Saravan 115 1
Xeset 1 115 Lakpet 115 1
Bang Yo 115 Lakpet 115 1
Bang Yo 115 Sirindhorn (EGAT) 115 1
Thakho 115 Thakho (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Thakho (1T) 11 kV
Saravan 115 Sekong 115 1
Sekong 115 Houay Lamphan Gnai 115 1
Houay Lamphan Gnai 115 Houay Lamphan Gnai (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Houay Lamphan Gnai (1T) 11 kV
From Phonsoung 115 kV To Phontong (3,4B) 115 kV cct 1
From To
CKT Problems Locations of Problems
Name kV Name kV
Luangprabang 22 Luangprabang 115 2 Overload From Luangprabang 22 kV To Luangprabang 115 kV cct 3
Thangon 22 Thangon 115 1
Lakxaosi 22 Lakxaosi 115 1
Thalat 115 Nam Ngum (L) 115 1
Vangvieng 115 Phoukhoun 115 2
Phonsoung 115 Phontong (3,4B) 115 1
Nam Leuk 115 Nam Pot 115 1
Phonsavan 115 Nam Ngum 4B 115 1
Phonsavan 115 Nam Pot 115 1
Phonsavan 115 Xamneua 115 1 Supply interruption Xamneua 115 kV
Phoukhoun 115 Nam Ngum 4B 115 1
Nam Ngum 4B 115 Nam Ngum 4B (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Ngum 4B (1T) 11 kV
Nam Pot 115 Nam Pot (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Pot (1T) 11 kV
From To
Name kV Name kV
Nam Beng 115 Houayxay 115 1 Supply interruption Houayxay 115 kV
Thakhek 22 Thakhek 115 1 Overload From Thakhek 22 kV To Thakhek 115 kV cct 2,3
Xepone 22 Xepone 115 1 Overload From Xepone 22 kV To Xepone 115 kV cct 2
Kengkok 115 Xepone 115 1
Xepone 115 Xaybouathong 115 1
Xepone 115 Xepon Gen 115 1
Nam Theun 2 115 Xaybouathong 115 1
Oudomxai 22 Oudomxai 115 1 Overload From Oudomxai 22 kV To Oudomxai 115 kV cct 2
Houayxay 22 Houayxay 115 1 Supply interruption Houayxay 22 kV
Xamneua 22 Xamneua 115 1 Supply interruption Xamneua 22 kV
Bang Yo 22 Bang Yo 115 3 Overload From Bang Yo 22 kV To Bang Yo 115 kV cct 1,2
Attapeu 22 Attapeu 115 1 Supply interruption Attapeu 22 kV
Xepon Gen 22 Xepon Gen 115 1 Supply interruption Xepon Gen 22 kV
Attapeu 115 Ban Boun 115 1
Xepon Gen 115 Xepon Gen (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Xepon Gen (1T) 11 kV
From To
Name kV Name kV
Phonsavan 22 Phonsavan 115 1 Overload From Phonsavan 22 kV To Phonsavan 115 kV cct 2
Parklay 22 Parklay 115 1
Thalat 115 Phontong (3,4B) 115 2
Nam Leuk 115 Nam Bak 2 115 1
Pakxan 115 Nam San 2 115 1
Nam Ngum 4A 115 Nam Ngum 4B 115 1
Nam Ngum 4A 115 Nam Ngum 4A (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Ngum 4A (1T) 11 kV
Nam San 2 115 Nam San 2 (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam San 2 (1T) 11 kV
Nam Bak 2 115 Nam Bak 2 (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Bak 2 (1T) 11 kV
From To
Name kV Name kV
Pakbo 22 Pakbo 115 1 Overload From Pakbo 22 kV To Pakbo 115 kV cct 2,3
Bang Yo 22 Bang Yo 115 1 Overload From Bang Yo 22 kV To Bang Yo 115 kV cct 3
Lakpet 22 Lakpet 115 1 Overload From Lakpet 22 kV To Lakpet 115 kV cct 2
Attapeu 115 Xexou 115 1
Attapeu 115 Nam Kong 3 115 1
Xexou 115 Xexou (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Xexou (1T) 11 kV
Nam Kong 3 115 Nam Kong 3 (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam Kong 3 (1T) 11 kV
(Base Plan, Opened System Operation, Generation: Rated Capacity)
From To
Name kV Name kV
Vangvieng 22 Vangvieng 115 1 Supply interruption Vangvieng 22 kV
Over voltage Luangprabang 115 kV Line open of Luangprabang SS-Oudomxai SS
Thanaleng 22 Thanaleng 115 2 Overload From Thanaleng 22 kV To Thanaleng 115 kV cct 1
Lakxaosi 22 Lakxaosi 115 1 Overload From Lakxaosi 22 kV To Lakxaosi 115 kV cct 2
Nam Ngum (3,4,5G) 115 Phontong (3,4B) 115 1
Thalat 115 Nam Ngum (L) 115 1 Under voltage Vangvieng 22 kV , Non Hai 22 kV Load shedding at Oudomxai SS
Luangprabang 22 kV , Luangprabang 115 kV
Vangvieng 115 Xieng Ngeun 115 1 Supply interruption Luangprabang 115 kV , Xayabury 115 kV
Luangprabang 115 Xieng Ngeun 115 1 Oudomxai 115 kV
Phonsoung 115 Naxaythong 115 1 Supply interruption Thangon 115 kV
Phontong (3,4B) 115 Thanaleng 115 1 Supply interruption Thanaleng 115 kV , Lakxaosi 115 kV
Generator shedding Nam Mang 3 115 kV
Nam Leuk 115 Pakxan 115 1 Supply interruption Phonsavan 115 kV
Generator shedding Nam Leuk 115 kV
From To
Name kV Name kV
Pakbo 22 Pakbo 115 1
Pakbo 115 Kengkok 115 1 Supply interruption Kengkok 115 kV , Xepone 115 kV
Over voltage Luangprabang 22 kV , Xayabury 22 kV Line open of Luangprabang SS-Oudomxai SS
Oudomxai 115 kV
Xeset 1 115 Lakpet 115 1 Generator shedding Xeset 1 115 kV
Bang Yo 115 Lakpet 115 1 Supply interruption Thakho 115 kV , Ban Boun 115 kV
Bang Yo 115 Sirindhorn (EGAT) 115 1 Supply interruption Bang Yo 115 kV , Thakho 115 kV
Ban Boun 115 kV
Xeset 2 115 Xeset 2 (1T) 11 1 Supply interruption Xeset 2 (1T) 11 kV
From To
Name kV Name kV
Pakxan 115 Nam San 2 115 1
Nam San 2 115 Nam San 2 (1T) 11 1 Generator shedding Nam San 2 (1T) 11 kV
From To
Name kV Name kV
Attapeu 115 Xexou 115 1
(Alternation of Generation Development Program, Generation: Rated Capacity)
From To
Name kV Name kV
Thanaleng 22 Thanaleng 115 2 Overload From Thanaleng 22 kV To Thanaleng 115 kV cct 1 Limitation of generation at Nam Ngum 5: 100 MW→75 MW
Thalat 115 Phonsoung 115 1 Overload From Thalat 115 kV To Nam Ngum (L) 115 kV cct 1 Limitation of generation at Nam Ngum 5: 100 MW→85 MW
Thalat 115 Nam Ngum (L) 115 1 Overload From Thalat 115 kV To Phonsoung 115 kV cct 1 Limitation of generation at Nam Ngum 5: 100 MW→80 MW
From Phonsoung 115 kV To Phontong (3,4B) 115 kV cct 1
Vangvieng 115 Phoukhoun 115 2 Overload From Vangvieng 115 kV To Phoukhoun 115 kV cct 3 Limitation of generation at Nam Ngum 5: 100 MW→95 MW
Phonsoung 115 Phontong (3,4B) 115 1 Overload From Thalat 115 kV To Nam Ngum (L) 115 kV cct 1
From To
Name kV Name kV
Thakhek 22 Thakhek 115 1 Overload From Thakhek 22 kV To Thakhek 115 kV cct 2
From To
Name kV Name kV
Supply interruption Xeset 22 kV
From To
Name kV Name kV
Nam Leuk 115 Phonsavan 115 2
From To
Name kV Name kV
Thakhek 22 Thakhek 115 1 Overload From Thakhek 22 kV To Thakhek 115 kV cct 2,3
From To
Name kV Name kV
From To
Name kV Name kV
* Source: UXO Lao

Title UXO Impact
S
and
EL
AO
E
RICITE DU
& and Bombing Data (1965-1975)
N
W E
S
Phongsaly
LEGEND
Hydro Power Station
／（existing/planned）
Luang Namtha IPP Power Station
Oudomxai
Nam Ko ／ Substation
（existing/planned）
Oudomxai 05 Existing 115 kV TL

Bokeo Houaphanh Planned 115 kV TL
Luang Prabang (on 2cct tower)
Planned 115 kV TL
Nam Dong
Xieng
Nguen SwS Existing 35, 22 kV TL
03 Xieng Khuang
Xayaboury Phonsavan Existing and up to 2005
Xayabury
03
Vangvieng Saysomboune SR
05
Vientiane Nam Nam
Ban Leuk
03 Ngum
Don
03 Thalat
Pakxan Bolikhamxay
Phone- NM3
Non Hai soung T/N
Theun
0 50 100 Km
Naxaithong Bungkan
Vientiane Mu. Lakxaosi Hinboun
05
Phonetong Thanaleng Nam Theun 2
115 kV Switchyard
Nong Khai
SwS
03
Udon I 05
Sakhon Nakhon
Udon II Nakhon Phanom Thakhek Khammouan
Xaibouathong
05
Xepon SS
Pakbo Savannakhet
Thalat
03 Kengkok
Nam Mang 3 05
Phonesoung Mukdahan
Tha Ngon 04
Naxaithong SwS
Saravan
Lakxaosi Selaban Sekong
Phonetong Xeset
04 2
Vientiane Municipality Sirindhorn Bang Yo

05
Thanaleng Lakpet Huoay Ho
Ubon Pakson
Ratchathani Attapeu
Champasak
05
Ban Boun
05
Thakho
To Steung Treng
Japan International Cooperation Agency The Study Figure No. 6.8-1 (1)
Title
Joint Venture of Transmission Line The Optimum Transmission System
S
EL
AO
E
RICITE DU
& and for Domestic Supply in 2005
N
W E
S
Boun Neua
Phongsaly
LEGEND
08
Hydro Power Station
Luang Namtha
Namo SwS
08
Luang Namtha
08
IPP Power Station
Oudomxai
06
Oudomxai 05 Existing 115 kV TL
Nam Beng Planned 115 kV TL
10 Nam Dong
Hongsa Xieng
Lignite Hongsa Nguen SwS Existing 35, 22 kV TL
10 03 06 Xieng Khuang
Xayaboury Phoukhoun Existing and up to 2005
SwS Phonsavan
Xayabury
06
NN5
06 up to 2010
03
08
05
Vientiane Nam Nam
Ban Leuk
03 Ngum 10
Don
03 Thalat
Pakxan Bolikhamxay
10
Paklay Phone- NM3
Non Hai soung T/N
Theun
0 50 100 Km
Naxaithong Bungkan
05
Phonetong Thanaleng
Nam Theun 2
Nong Khai 08
SwS
03
Udon I 05
Sakhon Nakhon
Xaibouathong
05
Xepon SS
Pakbo Savannakhet
Thalat
03 Kengkok
Nam Mang 3 05
Phonesoung Mukdahan 08
Tha Ngon 04
Naxaithong 08
10 Saravan
Saravan
Lakxaosi Selaban 10 Sekong
Phonetong Xeset 10
04 32
Sekong
HLG
10 05 10
Ubon Pakson
Ratchathani Attapeu
Champasak
05
Ban Boun
05
08
Thakho
To Steung Treng
Title
S
EL
AO
E
RICITE DU
N
W E
S
Boun Neua
Phongsaly
LEGEND
08
Hydro Power Station
Luang Namtha
Namo SwS
08
Luang Namtha
08
IPP Power Station
Oudomxai
Huayxai 06
Oudomxai 05 Xam Nua Existing 115 kV TL
12
Luang Prabang 12 (on 1cct tower)
10 Nam Dong
Hongsa Xieng
03 06 NN4a
10 12 Xieng Khuang
Xayaboury Phoukhoun SwS Phonsavan Existing and up to 2005
12
Xayabury
06
NN5
06 N.Pot up to 2010
14
03 up to 2015
08
05
Vientiane Nam Nam
Ban Leuk
03 Ngum 10
Don
03 Thalat
Pakxan Bolikhamxay
10
Paklay Phone- NM3
Non Hai soung T/N
Theun
0 50 100 Km
Naxaithong Bungkan
05
Phonetong Thanaleng
Nam Theun 2
Nong Khai 08
SwS
03
Udon I 05
Sakhon Nakhon
Xaibouathong
05
12
Xepon SS
Pakbo Savannakhet
Thalat
03 Kengkok
Nam Mang 3 05 12
Xepon PS
Tha Ngon 04
Naxaithong 08
10 Saravan
Saravan
Phonetong Xeset 10
04 3 2
Sekong
HLG
10 05 10
Ubon Pakson
Ratchathani Attapeu
Champasak Attapeu
05
12
Ban Boun
05
08
Thakho
To Steung Treng
Title
S
EL
AO
E
RICITE DU
N
W E
S
Boun Neua
Phongsaly
LEGEND
08
Hydro Power Station
Luang Namtha
Namo SwS
08
Luang Namtha
08
IPP Power Station
Oudomxai
Huayxai 06
Oudomxai 05 Xam Nua Existing 115 kV TL
12
Luang Prabang 12 (on 1cct tower)
10 Nam Dong
Hongsa Xieng
03 06 NN4a&b
10 12 18 Xieng Khuang
Xayaboury Phoukhoun SwS Phonsavan Existing and up to 2005
12
Xayabury
06
NN5
06 N.Pot up to 2010
14
03 up to 2015
Vangvieng Saysomboune SR up to 2020
08 N.Bak
05 2b 16
Vientiane Nam Nam 20
Ban Leuk Nam Xan 2
03 Ngum 10
Don
03 Thalat
Pakxan Bolikhamxay
10
Paklay Phone- NM3
Non Hai soung 16 T/N
Theun
0 50 100 Km
Naxaithong Bungkan
05
Phonetong Thanaleng
Nam Theun 2
Nong Khai 08
SwS
03
Udon I 05
Sakhon Nakhon
Xaibouathong
05
12
Xepon SS
Pakbo Savannakhet
Thalat
03 Kengkok
Nam Mang 3 05 12
Xepon PS
16
Tha Ngon 04
Naxaithong 08
10 Saravan
Saravan
Phonetong Xeset 10
04 3 2
Sekong
HLG
10 05 10
Ubon Pakson
Ratchathani Attapeu
Champasak Attapeu
05 20
12 Xexou
16
Ban Boun
N.Kong3
05
08
Thakho
To Steung Treng
Title
S
EL
AO
E
CT L Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. for Domestic Supply in 2020
RICITE DU
& and
LEGEND
Hydro Power Plant
Oudomxai Thermal Power Plant
115 kV Line and Bus

Phonsavan
22 kV Bus
ACSR 240, 164 km

Luang Prabang
ACSR 240
54 km
ACSR 240, 76km
Xieng Nguen Nam Theun 2

(Sw/S) ACSR 240, 68 km
Xayabuly
ACSR 117, 145 km

ACSR 240, 185 km
ACSR 240, 110 km

ACSR 240
50km
ACSR 240, 85.2 km Xaibouathong
Vangvieng Thakhek
Paxan
ACSR 240, 55.2 km
ACSR 240, 93 km
ACSR 240, 4.8 km
ACSR 240, 64 km
ACSR 117, 64 km
2x15 EDL
EDL
+3x40 2x30
MW MW EGAT
Thalat
ACSR 169, 7. 9 k m
(Sw/S) Nam Ngum 1 Nam Leuk
ACSR 240, 11 km
EGAT
Kengkok
Nakhonphanom ACSR 240, 52 km ACSR 240, 124 km
ACSR 240, 45.8 km

Bunghkan (EGAT) EGAT EDL
Bon Don
ACSR 240, 73 km
ACSR 240, 16.2 km

Naxaythong
(EGAT) Xepon
Phonesoung ACSR 240, 13.7 km Pakbo
Mukudahan
Nam Mang 3 (EGAT) ACSR 240, 60 km ACSR 240, 4 km ACSR 240, 76 km
2x17.5
ACSR 158, 12 km
MW ACSR 240
ACSR 240, 40 km
Tha Ngon Sirindhorn 2 km
ACSR 240, 54 km
(EGAT) ACSR 240
ACSR 240, 12 km
16 km
Non Hai 2x3+
Bang Yo Lakpet 3x13 2x38 ACSR 240
ACSR 410, 28 km
ACSR 95, 18 km ACSR 410, 23 km MW MW 23 km
Xeset 1 Xeset 2
ACSR 410, 61 km
Phonetong Thanaleng Lakxaosi

Xeset 3
Pakson
EDL Ban Boun
ACSR 240, 78 km
ACSR 240, 25.7 km
ACSR 95, 10.9 k m
EGAT
ACSR 240, 66 km
Udon 2 Nong Khai Thakho

(EGAT) (EGAT)
Japan International Cooperation Agency The Study Figure 6.8-2(1)

Joint Venture of Title
Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Transmission Line Power System Diagram in Lao PDR
& and
Electricite du Laos Tokyo Electric Power Company Substation System in 2005
ACSR 240, 43 km ACSR 240, 96 km
Namo LEGEND
(Sw/S)
Hongsa
Lignite Louang Boun Neua
Nam Tha Hydro Power Plant
ACSR 240, 43 km
ACSR 240 ACSR 240, 122 km
ACSR 240 37 km
1x40 1 km
MW 115 kV Line and Bus
Phonsavan
Hongsa Nam Beng 22 kV Bus
2x22.5
MW
ACSR 240, 164 km

Luang Prabang
ACSR 240
54 km
ACSR 240, 76km
Nam Theun 2
15 km
Xieng Nguen
ACSR 240, 64 km
2x37.5
MW
ACSR 240, 75 km
Nam Ngum
60 km
Xayabuly Phoukhoun
5 2x50
ACSR 117, 145 km

(Sw/S) MW ACSR 240, 185 km
ACSR 240, 110 km

ACSR 240
50km
ACSR 410, 26 km ACSR 240, 85.2 km Xaibouathong
ACSR 240 ACSR 240 ACSR 240

Vangvieng Thakhek
Paxan
ACSR 240, 55.2 km
ACSR 240, 93 km
ACSR 240, 124 km

ACSR 240, 4.8 km
ACSR 240, 64 km 72.2 km

ACSR 117, 64 km
2x15 EDL
Paklay EDL
+3x40 2x30
MW MW EGAT
Thalat
ACSR 169, 7. 9 k m
(Sw/S) Nam Ngum 1 Nam Leuk
ACSR 240, 11 km
EGAT
61
Kengkok
ACSR 240, 45.8 km

ACSR 410, 56 km Bunghkan (EGAT) EGAT EDL
Bon Don
ACSR 240, 73 km
ACSR 240, 16.2 km

Naxaythong
(EGAT) Xepon
ACSR 240, 180 km
Mukudahan
52
Nam Mang 3 (EGAT) ACSR 240, 60 km ACSR 240, 4 km ACSR 240, 76 km ACSR 240, 32 km
2x17.5
ACSR 158, 12 km
ACSR 240, 12 km
MW ACSR 240
ACSR 240, 40 km
Tha Ngon Sirindhorn 2 km Saravan
ACSR 240, 54 km
(EGAT) ACSR 240
ACSR 240,12 km
ACSR 240, 12 km
16 km
Non Hai 2x3+
ACSR 410, 28 km
Xeset 1 Xeset 2
1x20
MW
ACSR 410, 61 km

Xeset 3
ACSR 240, 58 km
Pakson
Sekong
EDL Ban Boun
ACSR 240, 78 km
ACSR 240, 25.7 km
ACSR 95, 10.9 k m
EGAT
ACSR 240, 66 km
ACSR 240, 18 km
Houay
Udon 2 Nong Khai Thakho Lamphan
(EGAT) (EGAT) Gnai
2x18
2x32.5
MW
MW

Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Transmission Line
Power System Diagram in Lao PDR
& and
ACSR 240, 43 km ACSR 240, 96 km
Huayxai Namo LEGEND

(Sw/S)
Hongsa
Lignite Louang Boun Neua Xam Nua
ACSR 240, 103 km
ACSR 240, 43 km
ACSR 240 ACSR 240, 122 km
ACSR 240 37 km ACSR 240, 35 km
1x40 1 km
ACSR 240, 152 km

Nam Ngum 4B Phonsavan
Hongsa Nam Beng 22 kV Bus
3x18
2x22.5 MW
MW
ACSR 240, 164 km

Luang Prabang Nam Pot ACSR 240, 6 km
ACSR 240
54 km
ACSR 240, 76km
3x7.7 Nam Theun 2
15 km
Xieng Nguen
ACSR 240, 59 km
MW
ACSR 240, 64 km
2x37.5
MW
ACSR 240, 75 km
Nam Ngum
60 km
Xayabuly Phoukhoun
5 2x50
ACSR 117, 145 km

ACSR 240, 110 km

ACSR 240
50km
ACSR 410, 26 km ACSR 240, 85.2 km Xaibouathong Xepon

Vangvieng Thakhek
Paxan
ACSR 240, 55.2 km 4x18.7
MW
ACSR 240, 93 km
ACSR 240, 124 km

ACSR 240, 4.8 km
ACSR 240, 64 km 72.2 km

ACSR 117, 64 km
2x15 EDL ACSR 240, 114 km
Paklay EDL
+3x40 2x30
MW MW EGAT
Thalat
ACSR 169, 7. 9 k m
Nam Ngum 1 Nam Leuk
ACSR 240, 94 km
(Sw/S)
ACSR 240, 11 km
EGAT
61
Kengkok
ACSR 240, 45.8 km

Bon Don
ACSR 240, 73 km
ACSR 240, 16.2 km

Naxaythong
(EGAT) Xepon
ACSR 240, 180 km
Mukudahan
52
2x17.5
ACSR 158, 12 km
ACSR 240, 12 km
MW ACSR 240
ACSR 240, 40 km
ACSR 240, 54 km
(EGAT) ACSR 240
ACSR 240,12 km
ACSR 240, 12 km
16 km
Non Hai 2x3+
ACSR 410, 28 km
Xeset 1 Xeset 2
1x20
MW
ACSR 410, 61 km

Xeset 3
ACSR 240, 58 km
Pakson
Sekong
123 km
EDL Ban Boun

ACSR 240
Attapeu
ACSR 240, 78 km
ACSR 240, 25.7 km
ACSR 95, 10.9 k m
EGAT
ACSR 240, 66 km
ACSR 240, 18 km
Houay
(EGAT) (EGAT) Gnai
2x18
2x32.5
MW
MW

Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Transmission Line
Power System Diagram in Lao PDR
& and
ACSR 240, 43 km ACSR 240, 96 km
Huayxai Namo LEGEND

(Sw/S)
Hongsa
Lignite Louang Boun Neua Xam Nua
ACSR 240, 103 km
ACSR 240, 43 km
ACSR 240 ACSR 240, 122 km 3x20
ACSR 240 37 km ACSR 240, 35 km MW
1x40 1 km
ACSR 240, 152 km

Nam Ngum 4B Phonsavan
Hongsa Nam Beng Nam Xan 2 22 kV Bus
3x18
2x22.5 MW
MW
ACSR 240, 164 km

Luang Prabang Nam Pot ACSR 240, 6 km
ACSR 240
54 km
ACSR 240, 76km
3x7.7 Nam Theun 2
15 km
Xieng Nguen
ACSR 240, 59 km
ACSR 240, 14 km
MW
ACSR 240, 64 km
2x37.5
Nam Ngum 4A
ACSR 240, 49 km
MW
3x18
ACSR 240, 75 km
Nam Ngum
60 km
Phoukhoun MW
Xayabuly 5 2x50 Nam Bak 2
ACSR 117, 145 km

ACSR 410, 42 km
ACSR 240, 110 km

ACSR 240
50km
ACSR 410, 26 km ACSR 240, 85.2 km Xaibouathong Xepon

Vangvieng 3x38.7 Thakhek
MW Paxan
ACSR 240, 55.2 km 4x18.7
MW
ACSR 240, 93 km
ACSR 240, 124 km

ACSR 240, 4.8 km
ACSR 240, 64 km 72.2 km

ACSR 117, 64 km
2x15 EDL ACSR 240, 114 km
Paklay EDL
+3x40 2x30
MW MW EGAT
Thalat
ACSR 169, 7. 9 k m
Nam Ngum 1 Nam Leuk
ACSR 240, 94 km
(Sw/S)
ACSR 240, 11 km
EGAT
61
Kengkok
410
ACSR 240, 45.8 km

Bon Don
ACSR 240, 73 km
ACSR 240, 16.2 km

Naxaythong
(EGAT) Xepon
ACSR 240, 180 km
Mukudahan
ACSR 410, 68.2 km
52
410
2x17.5
ACSR 158, 12 km
ACSR 240, 12 km
MW ACSR 240
ACSR 240, 40 km
ACSR 240, 54 km
(EGAT) ACSR 240
ACSR 240,12 km
ACSR 240, 12 km
16 km
Non Hai 2x3+
ACSR 410, 28 km
Xeset 1 Xeset 2
1x20
MW
ACSR 410, 61 km

Xeset 3
ACSR 240, 58 km
Pakson
Sekong
123 km
EDL Ban Boun

ACSR 240
Attapeu
ACSR 240, 78 km
ACSR 240, 25.7 km
ACSR 95, 10.9 k m
EGAT
ACSR 240, 66 km
ACSR 240, 18 km
Houay
ACSR 240
45 km
ACSR 240
30 km
(EGAT) (EGAT) Gnai

2x18
2x32.5
MW
Xexou MW
Nam Kong 3
1x34 2x29.5
MW MW
Nippon Koei Co., Ltd. Transmission Line Power System Diagram in Lao PDR
& and
2.7 2.7
XNEUA 0.000
1.7 2.7 2.7 5.0 3102 0.0
1.7 5.0
DOMESTIC NORTHERN & CENTRAL-1
BNEUA 0.000 XAI 1.025
3106 0.0 3104 -56.6 13.4 13.3
LNTHA 0.000
3103 0.0 4.1 3.7
0.0
0.0
5.3
3.5
XNEUA 0.000
0.9875 3012 0.0
1
ND 1.028 LPB 1.021 NMO 0.000 EVN 1.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1014 -28.5 1104 -55.8 1151 0.0 5101 0.0
5.3
3.3
BNEUA 0.000 XAI 1.024
3001 0.0 3004 -57.8
LNTHA 0.000 1
1.0
0.1
8.0
6.3
0.0
0.0
3003 0.0
PSV 1.048
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.3
3.3
0.0
0.0
30.0 -30.0 1111 -47.1
NBENG 0.000 1.0250 1.0000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1140 0.0 1
3.5
2.3
3.5
2.3
1 1
1.0
0.1
8.0
5.7
1 PSL 0.000 XNG 1.023 ND H1 1.000 LPB 1.028
3002 0.0 1116 -55.4 1906 -56.0 1007 -28.7 1.0500
VPKHA 0.000
3107 0.0 1.0 1.0
NMO H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
9.2
1.0
0.0
0.0
9.0
5.6
0.1 0.1
18.1
-0.1
1949 0.0
3.5
2.2
7 PSV 1.028
4. 1 1 1017 -48.5
NAMO 0.000 NBEN H1 0.000 NBENG L 0.000 5.
0.0
0.0
3105 1 0.0 1943 0.0 1040 0.0 1

NPOT 0.000 NMO H1 0.000
3.5
2.2
1135 0.0 1948 0.0
NBEN H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1950 0.0
VPKHA 0.000 PK 0.000 NG4B 0.000 NG4A 0.000 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3007 0.0 1 1127 0.0 1134 0.0 1124 0.0

1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2 1 1 2
NAMO 0.000
3005 0.0
1 1 NPOT H 0.000 NHET 0.000
1938 0.0 1126 0.0
19.5
11.8
BKEO 0.000 VV 1.035 NG5 0.000
0.0
0.0
3101 0.0 1103 -49.0 1143 0.0
NG4B H 0.000 NG4A H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1937 0.0 1909 0.0
HSA LG 0.000 1
8.1
2.6
1.4
1.4
9.0
6.3
0.0
0.0
10.2
10.2
1956 0.0 1 2 3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-30.0
HSA 0.000 1.0125 NBAK2 0.000
1502 0.0 1 2 3 1 2 3 1138 0.0
9.0
5.6
BKEO 0.000 VV 1.029NG5 L 0.000 NG5 H2 0.000
3011 0.0 1006 -22.3 1043 0.0 1947 0.0
HSA LG 0.000 NG5 H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.0
5.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1156 0.0 1946 0.0
HSA 0.000 2 NBA2 H1 0.000 NBA2 H3 0.000

1 1
0.0
0.0
1141 0.0 1 1940 0.0 1942 0.0
78.4 1 78.7
NBA2 H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0 2.0 7.5 6.8 1941 0.0
HSA 0.000
1123 0.0 6.1 7.8 41.3 1 3 NSANE 0.000
0.0
0.0
5.7 1137 0.0
8.2
4.8
10.2
4.0
10.2
4.0
TLT 1.036
1102 -47.9 41.3 13.6 13.7 2
5.7 3.1 1.1
47.7
13.1
30.0 30.0 51.0 51.0
1.1 1.1 6.5 6.5
7
3.5
4.3
HSA 0.000 4. 2 NG12 1.038 NGL1 1.038 NG345 1.038 NLEK 1.048
1023 0.0 2. 1114 -47.3 1113 -47.3 1101 -47.3 1110 -46.1
NSAN H 0.000
1939 0.0
TLT 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.6
2.3
1.5
0.6
0.5
0.7
3.4
3.4
1.3
0.8
4.5
15.0
15.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
30.0
30.0
41.5
1016 0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0000 1.0500
30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0
1
0.0
0.0
1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522
XYBR 1.028 BD 1.045 1 2 3
1117 -56.1 1120 -48.2
15.0
1.3
2.3
1.4
40.0
3.3
30.0
0.8
1.3
0.8
NG1 H1 0.990 NGL1 1.026 NG1 H4 0.990 NLK H1 0.990 NLEK L 1.035
1 1901 -74.3 1011 -48.3 1904 -73.3 1908 -71.0 1031 -46.9
4.7
2.2
1.0
4.5
1.0
1.6
47.4
12.6
15.0
1.4
40.0
3.3
40.0
3.4
30.0
0.8
40.3
5.2
PS 1.023 NG1 H2 0.990 NG1 H3 0.990 NG1 H5 0.990 NLK H2 0.990 PX 1.030
1.3
2.3
1.4
3.3
1.3
0.8
1.0625 1.1000
15.0
40.0
30.0
-0.8
1105 -49.1 1902 -74.3 1903 -73.3 1905 -73.5 1907 -71.0 1112 -52.0
1 4 1
1
7.9
4.6
1.4
3.3
3.4
2.8
4.2
2.8
4.2
2.8
5.2
3.3
11.9
35.5
15.0
40.0
40.0
30.0
-0.8
26.8
4.7
2.4
1.0
4.7
XBR 1.027 NAMP 0.000 BDON 1.025
1018 -57.9 1118 0.0 1019 -48.6 11.8 11.8 0.9875
0.9750 2 3 5 2
7.7 8.0
NM3 0.994
0.0
4.7
2.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.6
-5.3
-5.3
1131 -52.1
11.9
7.4
5.2
3.2
PS 1.028 PX 1.029
1008 -50.9 1015 -53.2
35.0
4.7
1 NXT 1.002
TGNE 0.997
6.6
6.6
6.6
6.6
1 1
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.5
1146 -51.3
1107 -51.5
0.000 NBG
7.4
0.0
0.0
5.2
3.2
11.9
30.0 30.0 0.0 1501
4
4
3.0
8.0
3
3
1.0250 1.0250
23.1
5. 0.2
5. 0.2
11.8
1
1 0.9446
1.0
0.6
17.5
8.1
NHAI 1.045 NM3 H1 1.000

1115 -48.3 1910 -77.9
17.5
8.1
NM3 H2 1.000
1.0
0.6
8.1
17.5
1911 -77.9
11.8
7.3
NXT 0.000 TGNE 1.026 0.000 NBONG
1.0500 32.0 32.0 1046 0.0 1009 -54.0 0.0 1142
1
8.1
7.5 7.5
17.5
23.1
2.7
PT12 1.000 PT34 1.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.3
11.8
1119 -51.8 1108 -51.8
1.0
0.6
PLAY 0.000 NHAI 1.036 NAKH 0.000 THPC 0.000 KM20 0.000
1125 0.0 1012 -48.7 2 1122 0.0 1129 0.0 1130 0.0
1 1
3.8
3.8
3.8
1.1
3.2
16.0
16.0
16.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.6
1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 3.5 3.5
0.6 1.5
1 3.5 3.5
16.0
2.9
16.0
2.9
16.0
2.9
PT 1.026
1001 -54.8 0.6 1.5
17.4
7.4
17.4
7.4
PLAY 0.000 LKX 0.986 NAKH 0.000 THPC 0.000 KM20 0.000
1025 0.0 26.2 25.9 1150 -52.8 1022 0.0 1029 0.0 1030 0.0
0.0
3.4 3.6
48.0
29.7
-21.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.0
9.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
20.9
20.9
XNK 0.000
1013 0.0 1 0.9375 0.9375
1 DNS 0.000 TTL 0.000 TNL 0.987 1 1 1
1002 0.0 1004 0.0 1109 -52.7
0.0
0.0
20.9
7.7
20.9
7.7
LKX 1.029
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.9
0.7
1.6
13.1
1050 -56.0
1 1.0402
1.0402
0.0
1 1
41.8
25.9
-10.6
4.1
4.7
4.1
4.7
TKK 1.018
2101 -53.1
5.9
0.4
13.1
0.8
SSK 0.000 SPL 0.000 TNL 1.029

1003 0.0 1005 0.0 1010 -56.1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
19.0
11.8
-10.6
28.2 28.0
1 3.7 3.2
1 1
1.1
0.1
26.7
2.6
UD2 1.003 UD1 1.004 NK 0.996 BKN 1.027

21766 -52.0 21765 -52.1 21742 -53.1 21705 -52.5
THE STUDY ON MASTER PLAN (JICA) BUS - VOLTAGE(PU)/ANGLE Figure 6.8-4(a) Results of Power Flow & Voltage Analysis in 2005
POWER
BASE CASE FY:2005 GEN:RATED CAPACITY BRANCH -MW/MVAR
TECHNOLOGIES
R FRI, NOV 02 2001 9:48 EQUIPMENT - MW/MVAR (Base Plan, Generation: Rated Capacity)
PX 1.030 DOMESTIC CENTRAL-2 & SOUTHERN
1112 -52.0
GMINE 0.000
2105 0.0
4.2
2.8
4.2
2.8
NT2 1.019 NT5 0.000
0.0
0.0
2106 -53.3 2108 0.0
3.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
1.6 1.6 0.9875
GLDMN 0.000
2.7 0.1 2005 0.0
1.6 1.6
0.0
0.0
NT2 H1 0.000 NT2 L 1.032 NT5 H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
24.8 24.8 2.7 0.1 2901 0.0 2006 -53.3 2922 0.0
4.9 4.8
NT2 H2 0.000 NT5 H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
24.8 24.8 2902 0.0 2923 0.0 1 1
4.9 4.8
1 1
4.1
4.7
4.1
4.7
NN 1.019 TKK 1.018 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21728 -52.8 2101 -53.1
2 2
3.2
2.0
XBT 1.016 XPON 0.976
7.3
7.3
4.6
4.6
11.0
11.0
16.3
16.3
2109 -53.6 2104 -58.5
0.9750 0.9750 SVN 0.000
3.2
2.0
6.9
4.6
2502 0.0
0.9750 0.9250
11.0
6.8
11.0
6.8
NN 1.019 TKK 1.025
21769 -52.8 2001 -54.8
3.2
2.0
6.9
4.3
XBT 1.037 XPON 1.037 XPN-T3 0.000 XPN-T2 0.000 XPON-G 0.000
0.0
0.0
22.0
13.6
2009 -54.1 2004 -60.0 4120 0.0 4119 0.0 4108 0.0
SVN 0.000
3.2
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.9
4.3
0.0
0.0
1 2107 0.0
7.0 6.9 1
1 0.3 4.6 1
XPON H1 0.000 XPON-G L 0.000

1.8 1.8 4936 0.0 4008 0.0
8.8 9.3
16.1
1.5
16.1
1.5
MD2 1.016 PBO 1.012 CHAMP 0.994 XDON 0.000 XPON H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21726 -55.7 2102 -55.7 2103 -57.1 4113 0.0 4944 0.0
SRV 0.000 1 2
1
8.3
0.2
8.3
0.2
5.1
3.5
5.1
3.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4105 0.0
0.9875 0.9875 -30.0 -30.0
0.9750 0.9750 3 4
17.3 17.2
8.3
0.1
8.3
0.1
5.1
3.1
5.1
3.2
PBO 1.025 CHAMP 1.036 XDON2 H2 0.000
2002 -57.6 5.8 7.2 2003 -29.6 4943 0.0
XDON2 H1 0.000 SRV 0.000
0.0
6.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.6
10.3
10.2
4942 0.0 4005 0.0
-10.5
2
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
XST1 1.046
1 4101 -36.6
37.1 38.1 1
SLB 1.042
0.0
0.0
10.9 10.7
38.1
10.7
4002 -10.6
30.0 XST 1.030
5.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
4.9 5.0 1.0463 4004 -35.5
0.3 0.2 30.0
1.0454
2.3
1.4
4.6
2.9
6.9
4.3
1
XST2 0.000 XST2 1.047
4324 0.0 4104 -29.1 30.0 30.0
5.0
0.5
SLB H1 1.000 1.0740 1.0740
4902 -38.1 1
0.6
0.3
0.3
76.0
38.0
38.0
38.1
8.2
2.3
1.6
4.6
3.1
XST1 H1 0.985
0.7
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.7
0.1
3.0
0.3
30.0 4901 -63.1
1.0500
1 2 3 4
3.0
3.0
-0.2
-0.2
13.0
-1.0
13.0
-1.0
13.0
-1.0
76.0
6.1
XST2 H1 1.000
4903 -55.0 1 2 3 4 5
3.1
3.1
38.0
38.0
19.4 19.6 30.0 30.6 1 2
3.9 2.2 2.9 4.0
37.8
0.4
37.8
0.4
SRD 1.015 BYO 1.032 LKP 1.046 XST3 0.000 XST3 1.041 HLPGN 0.000 SK 0.000
21758 -46.9 4102 -45.1 4121 -41.6 4317 0.0 4117 -30.1 4110 0.0 4106 0.0
2.5
1.2
2.5
1.2
5.4
2.6
3.3
3.5
3.3
3.5
0.4
0.4
37.8
37.8
-30.0 -30.0 -30.0

1.0875 1.0875 1.0402
PSG 1.035 BSOK 0.000
4304 -34.5 4501 0.0
2.5
1.3
2.5
1.3
5.4
2.8
BYO 1.007 LKP 0.000 XST3 H1 0.000 HLPGN H1 0.000 SK 0.000
4001 -16.8 4021 0.0 4907 0.0 4937 0.0 4006 0.0
3.9
73.8
HLPGN H2 0.000
9.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15.3
1.0000 4938 0.0
-15.2
3.3
0.7
3.3
0.7
BBOUN 1.048
4118 -42.0 1 1
1 1
0.0
0.0
1
73.8
0.2
37.5
0.5
37.5
0.5
PSG 1.033 BSOK 0.000
3.8
2.5
1.4
2.0
1.4
2.0
4116 -31.4 2 4114 0.0
1.0125
ATP 0.000
1.3
0.8
4107 0.0
3.8
2.4
BBOUN 1.025 1
4018 -42.8
3.8
2.4
1 ATP 0.000
4007 0.0
1.3
0.9
1.3
0.9
TKO 1.048 NK3 0.000 XXOU 0.000
0.0
0.0
4103 -42.1 4112 0.0 4111 0.0
2.7
1.7
1
1.0125
2.7
1.7
TKO H1 0.000 TKO 1.028 NK3 H 0.000 XXOU H1 0.000
4904 0.0 4003 -42.7 4941 0.0 4939 0.0
XXOU H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.7
1.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4940 0.0
1 2 1 1
1
0.0
0.0
THE STUDY ON MASTER PLAN (JICA) BUS - VOLTAGE(PU)/ANGLE Figure 6.8-4(b) Results of Power Flow & Voltage Analysis in 2005
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
11.2 11.0
XNEUA 0.000
5.3 11.2 11.0 1.1 3102 0.0
5.3 1.1
19.5 21.0
BNEUA 1.036 XAI 1.040
3106 15.9 3104 16.9 7.8 10.5 52.2 51.6
LNTHA 1.032
3103 15.9 14.5 14.5 14.9 13.6
2.6
1.7
0.0
0.0
2.6
1.7
2.3
2.3
7.5
4.6 4.1
21.0
21.0
10.9
52.2 51.6
XNEUA 0.000
6.1
4.0
0.9875 8.7 8.8 3.7 3.7 3012 0.0 14.9 13.6
1 0.9875
0.9875 0.2 1.4 2.9 0.2
ND 1.027 LPB 1.034 NMO 1.025 EVN 1.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1014 11.5 1104 14.0 1151 2.9 5101 0.0
2.6
1.6
10.9
6.8
BNEUA 1.036 XAI 1.024
3001 14.7 3004 14.5
6.1
3.8
LNTHA 1.029 1
1.0
0.1
8.8
11.8
51.9
14.9
52.5
14.9
-103
3003 14.6
-27.1
PSV 1.005
2.6
1.6
0.0
0.0
6.8
0.0
0.0
30.0
10.9
0.9750 1111 -4.3 30.0 30.0
21.5
6.0
21.5
6.0
NBENG 1.049 1.0250
0.0
0.0
6.1
3.8
1140 21.1 1.0500 1.0500
1
5.0
3.3
5.0
3.3
1 1
1.0
0.0
11.8
8.0
1 PSL 0.000 XNG 1.034 ND H1 1.000 LPB 1.026
4.3
4.3
2.1
1.3
1.0000
22.5
22.5
3002 0.0 1116 14.3 1906 -16.0 1007 11.3
VPKHA 0.000
3107 0.0 1.0125 1.0 1.0
30.0 30.0
52.5
19.2
NMO H2 1.000
0.0
0.0
8.3
0.5
1.0
0.0
0.0
7.9
1.0500 1.0500 0.1 0.1
-0.0
12.8
6.1 6.1 1949 -22.9
5.0
3.1
.8 PSV 1.029
4.0 2.4 1017 -6.2
22 .2 1
2.6
2.1
22.5
2.7
2.1
1.3
NAMO 1.038 NBEN H1 0.988 NBENG L 1.025 5
1 1
52.5
19.2
3105 16.3 1943 -4.8 1040 20.2
51.9
19.1
NPOT 0.000 NMO H1 1.000
5.0
3.1
1135 0.0 1948 -23.0
22.5
2.7
NBEN H2 0.988
2.1
1.3
22.5
-2.7
1950 -4.8
8.2
1.9
VPKHA 0.000 PK 1.029 NG4B 0.000 NG4A 0.000 1
0.6
0.4
52.5
19.5
3007 0.0 1 1127 13.6 1134 0.0 1124 0.0

1
22.5
-2.7
49.6 50.0
0.0
0.0
8.9
8.9
11.3 10.7 1
55.6
55.6
NAMO 0.000 2 1 2
3005 0.0 49.6 50.0
1 1 NPOT H 0.000 NHET 0.000
11.3 10.7 1938 0.0 1126 0.0
53.7
12.2
53.7
12.2
BKEO 0.000 VV 1.015 NG5 1.028
0.0
0.0
3101 0.0 1103 6.9 1143 15.6
NG4B H 0.000 NG4A H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1937 0.0 1909 0.0
HSA LG 0.990 1
5.4
3.6
5.4
3.6
40.0
-2.1
33.2
15.7
41.4
11.8
41.4
11.8
50.0
10.7
50.0
10.7
1956 -4.7 1 2 3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1 0.1 -30.0 -30.0
HSA 1.049 1.0125 1.0125 30.0 30.0 NBAK2 0.000
2.1
3.5 2.0 1.0250 1.0250
40.0
1502 8.6 1 2 3 1 2 3 1138 0.0
1.0500
5.4
3.4
5.4
3.3
50.0
6.9
BKEO 0.000 VV 1.025NG5 L 0.000 NG5 H2 0.990
3011 0.0 30.0 1006 34.9 1043 0.0 1947 -10.2
40.0
5.0
50.0
6.9
HSA LG 1.046 NG5 H1 0.990
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.7
0.0
0.0
10.8
50.0
-6.9
1156 21.2 1946 -10.2
HSA 0.000 2 NBA2 H1 0.000 NBA2 H3 0.000

1 1
2.5
2.5
1
20.0
20.0
50.0
-6.9
1141 0.0 1940 0.0 1942 0.0
35.4 1 35.3
NBA2 H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.9 2.9 45.6 45.9 1941 0.0
20.0
2.5
20.0
2.5
HSA 1.046
1123 21.2 0.2 1.9 64.3 66.7 1 3 NSANE 0.000
0.0
0.0
1.9 3.3 1137 0.0
31.9
16.0
40.4
12.5
40.4
12.5
TLT 1.014
5.2
3.3
4.8
34.7
1102 2.3 64.3 66.7 48.8 47.6 2
1.0000 1.9 3.3 10.2 12.0
6.5
74.3
30.0 30.0 62.2 62.2
11.2 11.2 36.7 36.7
.2
5.2
3.2
5.0
2.7
HSA 1.033 23 0 NG12 1.019 NGL1 1.019 NG345 1.019 NLEK 1.014
1023 20.0 7. 1114 1.9 1113 1.9 1101 1.9 1110 -2.9
NSAN H 0.000
1939 0.0
TLT 0.000
0.0
0.0
5.2
3.2
5.6
5.6
3.1
2.0
7.5
7.5
7.3
7.3
2.1
1.4
5.5
5.3
15.0
15.0
40.0
10.8
40.0
10.8
40.0
11.4
18.1
18.1
30.0
30.0
32.3
32.0
1016 0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.9750 1.0125
30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0
1
0.0
0.0
1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522
1 2 3
34.1
4.4
XYBR 1.036 BD 1.014
1117 17.4 1120 2.0
15.0
6.5
3.1
1.9
40.0
13.9
30.0
10.3
2.1
1.3
1 1901 -25.0 1011 0.5 1904 -24.1 1908 -27.6 1031 -4.2
5.5
3.7
5.4
1.2
1.5
0.9
1.4
1.1
73.6
4.4
15.0
6.6
40.0
13.9
40.0
14.4
30.0
10.3
31.5
5.0
31.2
4.8
6.5
3.1
1.9
2.1
1.3
1.0250 1.0250
15.0
40.0
13.9
30.0
10.3
1105 0.3 1902 -25.0 1903 -24.1 1905 -24.2 1907 -27.6 1112 -7.8
1 4 1
1
9.6
6.2
1.8
6.6
8.1
5.1
3.1
5.1
3.1
6.9
4.6
64.0
15.0
40.0
13.9
40.0
14.4
30.0
10.3
45.6
5.5
3.4
1.5
0.9
XBR 1.032 NAMP 0.000 BDON 1.028
1018 15.4 1118 0.0 1019 1.5 0.9500 7.6 7.6 0.9625
2 3 5 2
1.0 0.6
18.0
9.2
18.0
9.2
NM3 0.995
0.0
0.0
5.5
3.4
0.0
0.0
1.5
0.9
8.3 8.3 1131 -4.4
9.6
5.9
6.9
4.3
PS 1.037 PX 1.024
1008 -1.1 0.1 0.5 1015 -9.4
1 1 NXT 0.982 TGNE 0.981
3.9
3.9
1
17.5
17.5
35.5
13.1
35.5
13.1
1146 -4.7 1107 -4.9

1.041 NBG
9.6
5.9
0.0
0.0
6.9
4.3
30.0 30.0 3.9 1501
1.5
1.5
8.5
0.1
8.5
0.1
0.1
1.0250 1.0250
47.9
47.9
15.9
0.9500 0.9500 1
1 0.9500
1.4
0.9
17.5
5.3
NHAI 1.014 NM3 H1 0.990

1115 1.9 1910 -30.1
17.5
5.3
NM3 H2 0.990
1.4
0.9
5.3
17.5
1911 -30.1
8.5
0.1
8.5
0.1
15.9
0.8
NXT 1.034 TGNE 1.034 0.000 NBONG
1.0250 35.1 35.1 1046 -6.0 1009 -7.3 0.0 1142
1
5.3
17.0 17.0
17.5
62.0
6.4
47.6
1.9
47.6
1.9
PT12 0.977 PT34 0.977
0.0
0.0
9.9
16.9
10.5
15.9
1119 -5.7 1108 -5.7
5.4
3.6
1.4
0.9
-10.7
-10.7
1125 16.4 1012 1.4 2 1122 0.0 1129 0.0 1130 0.0
1 1
8.5
8.5
8.5
17.6
17.6
17.6
21.2
16.8
5.4
3.6
0.0
0.0
1.4
0.9
1.0043 1.0043 1.0043 8.5 8.5
-30.0 1.2 0.4
0.9685
1 8.5 8.5
17.6
7.3
17.6
7.3
17.6
7.3
PT 1.035
1001 -8.9 1.2 0.4
5.4
3.3
35.2
13.1
35.2
13.1
1025 44.1 8.3 8.2 1150 -5.9 1022 0.0 1029 0.0 1030 0.0
0.0
7.0 6.5
52.7
32.7
-10.7
0.0
0.0
5.4
3.3
8.5
8.5
8.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
17.8
17.8
17.8
XNK 0.000
1013 0.0 1 0.9250 0.9250 0.9250
1 DNS 0.000 TTL 0.000 TNL 0.978 1 1 1
1002 0.0 1004 0.0 1109 -6.2
0.0
0.0
17.8
7.5
17.8
7.5
17.8
7.5
LKX 1.038
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.4
1.0
3.0
19.8
1050 -8.5
1 1.0522
0.9625
0.0
1 1
53.5
33.2
-10.8
5.1
4.0
5.1
4.0
TKK 0.991
2101 -9.3
5.4
1.3
19.8
4.1
SSK 0.000 SPL 0.000 TNL 1.026

1003 0.0 1005 0.0 1010 -9.3 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
25.2
15.6
-21.1
75.1 73.6
1 11.9 15.3
1 1
20.6
15.3
45.3
8.4
UD2 0.997 UD1 0.988 NK 0.967 BKN 1.000

21766 -9.2 21765 -9.2 21742 -9.2 21705 -8.7
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
1112 -7.8
GMINE 0.000
2105 0.0
5.1
3.1
5.1
3.1
NT2 1.020 NT5 0.000
0.0
0.0
2106 -6.0 2108 0.0
9.1
6.4
1.5
1.5
1.9
1.2
37.5
37.5
31.4 32.0 0.9750
30.0 30.0 GLDMN 0.000
4.7 4.0 1.0250 1.0250 2005 0.0
31.4 32.0
37.5
4.1
1.9
1.2
NT2 H1 1.000 NT2 L 1.036 NT5 H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.2 2.2 4.7 4.0 2901 -31.9 2006 -6.8 2922 0.0
1.0 0.7
37.5
4.1
NT2 H2 1.000 NT5 H2 0.000
4.1
1.9
1.2
0.0
0.0
1
37.5
2.2 2.2 2902 -31.9 2923 0.0 1
1.0 0.7
1 1
5.1
4.0
5.1
4.0
NN 0.991 TKK 0.991 1
4.1
0.0
0.0
37.5
21728 -9.4 2101 -9.3
2 2
9.1
4.6
XBT 1.024 XPON 0.968
7.7
7.7
0.3
0.3
19.2
19.2
15.1
15.1
2109 -6.9 2104 -13.9
0.9500 0.9500 SVN 1.017
9.1
4.6
0.4
16.1
2502 11.2
1.0125
0.9375
19.2
6.6
19.2
6.6
NN 0.991 TKK 1.024
21770 -9.4 2001 -12.2
9.1
4.9
16.1
0.7
0.0
38.3
23.7
2009 -8.3 2004 -17.6 4120 0.0 4119 0.0 4108 0.0
-10.5
SVN 0.000
9.1
5.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1
16.1
10.0
2107 0.0
-10.5
-10.7
16.4 16.1 1
1 2.9 0.4 1
XPON H1 0.000 XPON-G L 0.000

31.4 31.5 4936 0.0 4008 0.0
1.6 1.7
14.9
3.2
14.9
3.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21726 -12.5 2102 -11.6 2103 -10.1 4113 0.0 4944 0.0
SRV 1.039 1 2
1
5.0
5.0
1.7
1.7
8.0
0.3
8.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15.0
15.0
32.2
32.2
15.9 16.0 4105 5.5
0.9 0.5 -30.0 -30.0
0.9250 0.9250 1.0000 1.0000 3 4
5.6
3.7
28.2 28.4 31.2 31.7
15.9 16.0 5.8 6.4 1.0000 4.6 5.5
15.0
4.0
15.0
4.0
8.0
0.3
8.0
0.3
PBO 1.034 CHAMP 1.027 XDON2 H2 0.000
2002 -15.0 0.9 0.5 2003 15.8 4943 0.0 28.2 28.4 31.2 31.7
5.8 6.4 4.6 5.5
5.6
XDON2 H1 0.000 SRV 3.5 1.024
0.0
9.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
30.1
18.7
16.0
4942 0.0 4005 4.2
-10.7
-10.5
2
1 1
0.0
0.0
5.6
3.5
XST1 1.036
1 4101 4.0
30.4 31.0 1
SLB 1.041
0.0
0.0
1.6
3.0 3.9
40.1
4002 28.6
32.0 32.7 30.0 XST 1.027
5.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
4.9 5.0 3.7 4.7 1.0463 4004 6.1
0.1 0.4 30.0 32.0 32.7
1.0454
1.6
1.0
3.3
2.0
4.9
3.0
1 3.7 4.7
XST2 0.000 XST2 1.043
4324 0.0 4104 10.2 30.0 30.0
5.0
0.6
SLB H1 1.000 1.0569 1.0569
4902 1.1 1
4.0
2.0
2.0
76.0
38.0
38.0
40.1
1.0
1.6
1.1
3.3
2.1
XST1 H1 0.990
0.7
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.7
0.1
3.0
0.4
30.0 4901 -22.3
1.0500
1 2 3 4
3.0
0.3
3.0
0.3
1.2
1.2
1.2
13.0
13.0
13.0
76.0
9.5
XST2 H1 1.000
4903 -15.7 1 2 3 4 5
32.5 32.3
4.8
4.8
5.3 5.1
38.0
38.0
30.8 31.4 44.5 46.0 1 2 32.5 32.3
4.8 5.3 3.5 2.1 5.3 5.1
34.0
3.1
34.0
3.1
37.8
2.1
37.8
2.1
21758 -8.8 4102 -5.4 4121 0.0 4317 0.0 4117 9.3 4110 9.4 4106 8.4
3.1
0.4
3.2
0.4
6.8
0.9
2.6
2.6
4.7
3.0
2.7
3.4
3.4
5.3
5.3
1.3
0.8
12.2
12.2
20.0
47.8
47.8
32.5
32.5
-30.0 -30.0 -30.0 1.0000 1.0500

1.0375 1.0375 0.9924 30.0 30.0 30.0
1.0500 1.0500 1.0500
PSG 1.024 BSOK 1.037
4304 3.5 4501 17.8
3.1
0.3
3.2
0.3
6.8
0.6
4.7
2.9
20.0
4.2
32.5
3.0
1.3
0.8

4001 22.5 4021 -1.1 4907 -16.6 4937 -16.5 4006 7.2
1.9
92.8
32.5
3.0
HLPGN H2 0.990
0.0
4.7
2.9
0.0
0.0
4.2
1.3
0.8
18.0
11.2
20.0
32.5
-3.0
1.0000 4938 -16.5
-10.0
12.2
0.2
12.2
0.2
BBOUN 1.030
4118 1.1 1 1
1 1
1
32.5
-3.0
92.8
4.7
47.4
2.9
47.4
2.9
PSG 1.025 BSOK 0.000
6.8
4.5
2.4
2.4
15.6
15.6
4116 7.6 2 4114 0.0
0.9875
ATP 0.000
1.9
1.2
4107 0.0
6.8
4.2
BBOUN 1.025 1
4018 -0.4
6.8
4.2
1 ATP 0.000
4007 0.0
15.8
0.0
15.8
0.0
TKO 1.041 NK3 0.000 XXOU 0.000
0.0
0.0
4103 2.7 4112 0.0 4111 0.0
3.0
4.5
2.9
1
36.0
1.0000
30.0
1.0500
36.0
5.6
4.5
2.8
4904 -23.3 4003 1.6 4941 0.0 4939 0.0
XXOU H1 0.000
2.8
2.8
4.5
2.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18.0
18.0
4940 0.0
1 2 1 1
1
0.0
0.0
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
2.6 2.6
XNEUA 1.003
5.8 2.6 2.6 1.1 3102 3.0
5.8 1.1
7.1
7.1
10.5
10.5
12.5 13.1
BNEUA 1.011 XAI 1.027
3106 4.4 3104 5.9 3.7 7.8 51.8 51.2
LNTHA 1.005 0.9500
3103 4.4 17.5 17.4 15.0 13.6
3.9
2.6
0.0
0.0
3.9
2.6
1.8
1.8
9.1
6.1
9.1
6.1
0.3 0.2
18.7
18.7
51.8 51.2
10.5
6.5
XNEUA 1.028
6.8
0.9625 0.9750 0.9750 15.0 13.6
10.0
1 14.0 14.0 8.9 8.9 3012 0.7
4.3 2.9 0.0 3.1
0.9500 ND 1.035 LPB 1.034 NMO 1.025 EVN 1.000
6.5
0.0
0.0
10.5
1014 3.2 1104 5.1 1151 2.8 5101 0.0
3.9
2.4
9.1
5.6
9.1
5.6
BNEUA 1.030 XAI 1.029
3001 2.6 3004 3.9
10.0
6.2
LNTHA 1.031 1
1.0
0.2
9.2
6.6
9.2
6.6
51.1
15.0
52.5
14.9
-102
3003 2.1
10.7
1.8
-27.3
PSV 1.038
3.9
2.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
30.0 0.9750 0.9750
18.2
11.3
1111 5.4 30.0 30.0
19.1
2.2
19.1
2.2
NBENG 1.046 1.0250
0.0
0.0
6.2
1.0500 1.0500
10.0
1140 9.5 1
7.3
1 1
10.1
1.0
0.2
9.2
6.1
9.2
6.1
1 PSL 0.000 XNG 1.036 ND H1 1.000 LPB 1.035
0.3
0.3
4.2
2.8
22.5
22.5
3002 0.0 1116 5.5 1906 -24.3 1007 3.0 1.0125
VPKHA 0.000
3107 0.0 1.0125 1.0 1.0 21.6 21.9
30.0 30.0
52.5
19.2
NMO H2 1.000
0.0
0.0
6.8
3.2
1.0
0.0
0.0
1.0500 1.0500 0.2 0.2 6.6 8.1
-0.2
19.3
12.0
10.0 10.1 1949 -22.9
10.1
6.3
.7 PSV 1.026
6.8 5.3 5.5 5.6 21.4 21.3 1017 1.7 44.6 42.7
10 .5 1
3.9
1.0
22.5
1.9
4.2
2.6
NAMO 1.017 NBEN H1 1.000 NBENG L 1.011 3
1 0.5 1 2.0 0.6 0.5 5.4 7.5
52.5
19.2
3105 5.0 1943 -16.4 1040 7.5
51.1
19.1
NPOT 1.040 NMO H1 1.000
6.3
10.1
5.5 5.6 21.4 21.3 1135 3.1 1948 -23.1
22.5
1.9
NBEN H2 1.000
1.9
4.2
2.6
0.5 2.0 0.6 0.5
22.5
1950 -16.4
6.8
0.7
VPKHA 0.000 PK 1.043 NG4B 1.045 NG4A 0.000 1
1.2
1.4
0.9
23.0
52.5
20.0
3007 0.0 1 1127 6.0 1134 6.6 1124 0.0

1
1.9
22.5
49.7 50.0 30.0
0.0
0.0
3.5
3.5
5.1
3.6 3.1 1.0250 1
47.4
47.4
54.0
NAMO 0.000 2 1 2
3005 0.0 49.7 50.0 30.0
23.0
2.7
1 1 NPOT H 1.020 NHET 0.000
3.6 3.1 1.0250 1938 -23.3 1126 0.0
46.0
4.8
46.0
4.8
BKEO 1.034 VV 1.022 NG5 1.048
0.0
0.0
3101 8.5 1103 0.6 1143 7.9
54.0
1.5
NG4B H 1.015 NG4A H1 0.000
7.7
0.9
7.7
0.9
7.7
0.9
6.4 6.4 1937 -19.6 1909 0.0
HSA LG 1.000 1
6.4
4.2
6.7
6.7
7.4
5.1
7.4
5.1
3.1
3.1
4.2 0.2
40.0
4.3
26.0
10.1
31.9
31.9
50.0
50.0
1956 -16.1 1 2 3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.9875 -30.0 -30.0
18.0
-0.5
18.0
-0.5
18.0
-0.5
3.8 3.8 30.0 30.0
HSA 1.049 1.0000 1.0000 NBAK2 0.000
4.3
3.5 2.0 1.0250 1.0250
40.0
1502 7.6 1 2 3 1 2 3 1138 0.0
1.0500
6.4
4.0
7.4
4.6
7.4
4.6
50.0
0.3
BKEO 1.030 VV 1.036NG5 L 0.000 NG5 H2 1.020
3011 7.1 30.0 1006 27.9 1043 0.0 1947 -18.1
40.0
1.4
50.0
0.3
HSA LG 1.045 NG5 H1 1.020
0.0
0.0
6.4
4.0
9.2
0.0
0.0
0.3
14.8
50.0
1156 9.8 1946 -18.1
HSA 0.000 2 NBA2 H1 0.000 NBA2 H3 0.000

1 1
0.7
0.7
0.3
1
20.0
20.0
50.0
1141 0.0 1940 0.0 1942 0.0
9.3 1 9.2
NBA2 H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.8 6.8 33.7 33.7 1941 0.0
20.0
0.7
20.0
0.7
HSA 1.044
1123 9.8 2.4 0.7 61.0 63.1 1 3 NSANE 0.000
0.0
0.0
2.5 7.0 1137 0.0
25.2
9.2
31.3
5.9
31.3
5.9
TLT 1.015
6.9
1.9
10.1
26.1
1102 -2.8 61.0 63.1 28.4 28.0 2
2.5 7.0 7.6 6.8
0.9875
71.7
11.9
30.0 30.0 34.7 34.7
11.0 11.0 25.8 25.8
.8
10.1
6.3
HSA 1.031 10 3 NG12 1.020 NGL1 1.020 NG345 1.020 NLEK 1.018
1023 7.5 6. 1114 -3.0 1113 -3.0 1101 -3.0 1110 -5.8
NSAN H 0.000
1939 0.0
TLT 0.000
0.0
0.0
6.3
5.5
5.5
4.5
3.0
3.7
3.7
9.5
9.5
3.0
2.0
2.5
2.3
10.1
15.0
15.0
40.0
10.6
40.0
10.5
40.0
11.1
29.4
29.4
30.0
30.0
34.7
34.3
1016 0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.9625 1.0125
30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0
1
0.0
0.0
1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522
1 2 3
25.8
0.5
XYBR 1.032 BD 1.010
1117 7.0 1120 -3.3
15.0
6.4
4.5
2.8
40.0
13.6
30.0
12.6
3.0
1.9
1 1901 -29.9 1011 -5.0 1904 -28.9 1908 -30.6 1031 -7.6
7.8
5.4
7.2
0.3
3.7
2.4
3.1
0.0
71.0
10.0
15.0
6.4
40.0
13.6
40.0
14.1
30.0
12.6
33.8
2.2
33.4
2.1
6.4
4.5
2.8
3.0
1.9
1.0125 1.0125
15.0
40.0
13.6
30.0
12.6
1105 -4.7 1902 -29.9 1903 -28.9 1905 -29.1 1907 -30.6 1112 -10.9
1 4 1
1
9.7
0.3
6.4
7.1
6.6
2.0
6.6
2.0
6.9
14.3
56.7
15.0
40.0
13.6
40.0
14.1
30.0
12.6
43.7
10.2
7.8
4.8
3.7
2.3
XBR 1.031 NAMP 0.000 BDON 1.027
1018 4.1 1118 0.0 1019 -4.7 0.9500 2 10.9 3 10.9 5 2 0.9500
5.7 6.1
29.1
4.7
29.1
4.7
NM3 1.002
0.0
0.0
7.8
4.8
0.0
0.0
3.7
2.3
10.7 10.7 1131 -8.3
14.3
8.9
10.2
6.3
PS 1.027 PX 1.023
1008 -6.9 7.8 8.2 1015 -13.2
1 1 NXT 0.977 TGNE 0.973
4.7
4.7
9.4
9.4
1
17.5
17.5
46.6
46.6
1146 -9.1 1107 -9.3

1.032 NBG
8.9
0.0
0.0
6.3
14.3
10.2
30.0 30.0 3.9 1501
6.1
6.1
1.8
1.8
7.1
7.1
1.0250 1.0250
39.3
39.3
10.9
10.9
10.8
10.8
1
1 0.9500 0.9500 0.9250 0.9250
3.1
2.0
17.5
6.1
NHAI 1.007 NM3 H1 1.000

1115 -3.6 1910 -34.1
17.5
6.1
NM3 H2 1.000
3.1
2.0
6.1
17.5
1911 -34.1
10.9
1.5
10.9
1.5
10.8
6.7
10.8
6.7
NXT 1.024 TGNE 1.033 0.000 NBONG

1.0125 34.0 34.0 1046 -10.8 1009 -10.9 0.0 1142
1
6.1
5.7 5.7
17.5
55.2
2.9
39.1
6.2
39.1
6.2
PT12 0.975 PT34 0.975
0.0
0.0
0.0
21.8
13.5
21.6
13.4
1119 -9.9 1108 -9.9
7.1
4.9
3.1
1.9
-10.5
1125 5.7 1012 -4.8 2 1122 0.0 1129 0.0 1130 0.0
1 1
2.8
2.8
2.8
5.1
7.1
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
11.3
7.1
4.9
0.0
0.0
3.1
1.9
1.0163 1.0163 1.0163 0.9250 12.2 12.2
-30.0 8.0 7.2
0.9565
1 12.2 12.2
17.0
1.9
17.0
1.9
17.0
1.9
17.0
4.1
PT 1.039
1001 -13.1 8.0 7.2
7.1
4.4
46.3
8.8
46.3
8.8
1025 32.6 8.6 8.4 1150 -10.3 1022 0.0 1029 0.0 1030 0.0
0.0
16.1 15.7
68.0
42.1
-32.4
0.0
0.0
7.1
4.4
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
17.0
XNK 0.000
1013 0.0 1 0.9625 0.9625 0.9625 0.9625
1 DNS 0.000 TTL 0.000 TNL 0.982 1 1 1
1002 0.0 1004 0.0 1109 -10.7
0.0
0.0
17.0
0.0
17.0
0.0
17.0
0.0
17.0
0.0
LKX 1.025
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.9
0.3
0.3
0.3
14.5
14.5
1050 -12.9
1 1.0402
0.9500 0.9500
0.0
1 1
68.1
42.2
-42.1
6.6
4.8
6.6
4.8
TKK 0.978
2101 -12.8
3.9
0.5
14.5
0.3
14.5
0.3
SSK 0.000 SPL 0.000 TNL 1.033

1003 0.0 1005 0.0 1010 -12.9 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
32.8
20.3
-21.4
49.7 49.0
1 1.4 2.4
1 1
6.9
8.6
43.4
7.3
UD2 0.992 UD1 0.984 NK 0.963 BKN 0.994

21766 -11.3 21765 -11.4 21742 -12.2 21705 -11.8
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
1112 -10.9
GMINE 0.000
2105 0.0
6.6
2.0
6.6
2.0
NT2 1.009 NT5 0.000
0.0
0.0
2106 -9.1 2108 0.0
1.3
2.4
7.0
7.0
4.1
2.7
37.5
37.5
34.0 34.8 0.9625
30.0 30.0 GLDMN 0.000
4.6 4.4 1.0250 1.0250 2005 0.0
34.0 34.8
37.5
9.8
4.1
2.5
NT2 H1 1.000 NT2 L 1.027 NT5 H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.1 4.1 4.6 4.4 2901 -34.9 2006 -10.9 2922 0.0
0.5 0.8
37.5
9.8
NT2 H2 1.000 NT5 H2 0.000
9.8
4.1
2.5
0.0
0.0
1
37.5
4.1 4.1 2902 -34.9 2923 0.0 1
0.5 0.8
1 1
6.6
4.8
6.6
4.8
NN 0.979 TKK 0.978 1
9.8
0.0
0.0
37.5
21728 -12.8 2101 -12.8
2 2
1.3
4.3
XBT 1.003 XPON 1.000
6.9
6.9
6.9
0.1
0.1
20.6
20.6
20.6
13.9
13.9
2109 -9.1 2104 -5.6
0.9375 0.9375 0.9375 SVN 1.016
0.5
6.9
16.7
10.2
15.2
10.3
2502 9.5 15.4 15.7 35.7 36.7
3.8 7.1 3.8 3.4
0.9750 0.9500 0.9500
20.6
5.7
20.6
5.7
20.6
5.7
NN 0.979 TKK 1.026
21770 -12.8 2001 -16.0 35.7 36.7
3.8 3.4
16.7
0.3
10.2
6.3
15.2
9.4
0.0
61.7
38.2
2009 -11.6 2004 -7.9 4120 0.0 4119 0.0 4108 -0.4
-21.1
SVN 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.9
3.9
1.5
0.9
16.7
10.3
25.4
15.7
37.5
37.5
2107 0.0
-10.6
29.2 30.2 1.0000
1 30.0 30.0
1 1.5 2.5 1 1.0500 1.0500
37.5
6.5
1.5
0.9
XPON H1 1.000 XPON-G L 1.032

28.3 28.4 4936 -26.4 4008 -1.0
1.1 1.0
13.7
2.8
13.7
2.8
37.5
6.5
3.3
3.3
1.5
0.9
18.7
18.7
21726 -15.8 2102 -15.0 2103 -12.5 4113 0.0 4944 -26.4
SRV 1.035 1 2
1
1.6
1.6
2.9
2.9
3.5
3.5
3.3
3.3
25.1
25.1
24.3
24.3
12.9
12.9
18.7
18.7
25.6 26.0 4105 0.1

0.7 1.4
0.9375 0.9375 0.9375 0.9375 3 4
8.5
5.7
26.6 26.8 31.0 31.5
25.6 26.0 5.9 6.6 0.9875 3.8 4.7
25.1
0.2
25.1
0.2
12.9
2.8
12.9
2.8
PBO 1.025 CHAMP 1.025 XDON2 H2 0.000
2002 -18.9 0.7 1.4 2003 -15.4 4943 0.0 26.6 26.8 31.0 31.5
5.9 6.6 3.8 4.7
8.5
XDON2 H1 0.000 SRV 5.3 1.025
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
50.3
31.2
25.9
16.1
4942 0.0 4005 -1.8
-31.5
-10.5
2
1 1
0.0
0.0
8.5
5.3
XST1 1.033
1 4101 -1.3
28.7 29.2 1
SLB 1.045
0.0
0.0
0.5
2.2 3.3
37.9
4002 23.2
30.3 30.9 30.0 XST 1.034
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.9 5.0 2.8 4.0 1.0463 4004 -0.2
0.5 0.0 30.0 30.3 30.9
1.0454
2.4
1.5
4.7
2.9
7.1
4.4
1 2.8 4.0
XST2 0.000 XST2 1.043
4324 0.0 4104 7.7 30.0 30.0
5.0
0.2
SLB H1 1.000 1.0740 1.0740
4902 -4.3 1
4.4
2.2
2.2
76.0
38.0
38.0
37.9
2.8
2.4
1.6
4.7
3.2
XST1 H1 0.990
0.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
3.0
0.1
30.0 4901 -27.8
1.0500
1 2 3 4
3.0
0.5
3.0
0.5
2.2
2.2
2.2
13.0
13.0
13.0
76.0
9.9
XST2 H1 1.000
4903 -18.1 1 2 3 4 5
32.5 32.3
5.0
5.0
4.4 4.1
38.0
38.0
21.2 21.4 40.4 41.5 1 2 32.5 32.3
1.3 0.2 4.5 3.7 4.4 4.1
25.3
0.9
25.3
0.9
37.8
2.3
37.8
2.3
21758 -12.2 4102 -10.1 4121 -5.1 4317 0.0 4117 6.8 4110 4.0 4106 3.0
4.5
1.6
4.6
1.6
9.8
1.2
6.8
4.7
6.8
4.7
7.1
2.8
3.7
3.7
4.4
4.4
1.7
1.2
10.5
20.0
47.8
47.8
32.5
32.5
-30.0 -30.0 -30.0 1.0375

1.0500 1.0500 0.9924 0.9875 30.0 30.0 30.0
1.0500 1.0500 1.0500
PSG 1.024 BSOK 1.036
4304 1.1 4501 16.1
4.5
1.8
4.6
1.9
9.8
1.7
10.5
6.5
20.0
4.3
32.5
2.0
1.7
1.1

4001 17.0 4021 -7.5 4907 -19.1 4937 -21.9 4006 1.5
1.8
91.8
32.5
2.0
HLPGN H2 0.990
0.0
6.5
0.0
0.0
4.3
1.7
1.1
23.8
14.7
10.5
20.0
32.5
-2.0
1.0000 4938 -21.9
-20.6
6.8
2.2
6.8
2.2
BBOUN 1.028
4118 -4.5 1 1
1 1
1
32.5
-2.0
91.8
4.6
47.4
3.2
47.4
3.2
PSG 1.025 BSOK 0.000
7.0
2.4
2.4
10.3
14.5
14.5
4116 5.1 2 4114 0.0
0.9750 ATP 1.028
2.9
1.8
4107 -5.1
10.3
6.4
BBOUN 1.027 1
5.2
3.5
4018 -6.8
-30.0
1.0125
6.4
10.3
2.6 2.6
3.3 1.8
5.2
3.2
1 ATP 1.031
2.6 2.6 4007 22.4
3.3 1.8
14.7
0.0
14.7
0.0
TKO 1.038 NK3 0.000 XXOU 0.000
5.2
3.2
4103 -3.1 4112 0.0 4111 0.0
4.4
6.7
4.4
1
36.0
0.9875
30.0
1.0500
36.0
7.0
6.7
4.2
4904 -29.0 4003 -4.6 4941 0.0 4939 0.0
XXOU H1 0.000
3.5
3.5
6.7
4.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18.0
18.0
4940 0.0
1 2 1 1
1
0.0
0.0
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
5.5 5.6
XNEUA 1.010
2.0 5.5 5.6 4.6 3102 8.8
2.0 4.6
4.6
4.6
14.6
14.6
9.7 10.1
BNEUA 1.031 XAI 1.023
3106 3.6 3104 6.3 2.6 7.0 51.3 50.8
LNTHA 1.023 0.9625
3103 3.6 23.0 23.0 15.0 13.7
5.7
1.5
0.0
0.0
5.7
1.5
2.6
2.6
9.0
9.0
2.4 2.8
17.6
17.6
13.1
13.1
51.3 50.8
14.6
3.7
XNEUA 1.033
1.1
1.0125 15.0 13.7
14.1
1 19.9 20.1 0.9625 0.9625 24.6 24.2 3012 5.5
7.7 8.8 2.3 0.4
1.0000 ND 1.030 LPB 1.025 NMO 1.025 EVN 1.000
9.0
0.0
14.6
-5.3
1014 5.1 1104 7.8 1151 2.8 5101 0.0
5.7
1.8
13.0
8.1
13.0
8.1
BNEUA 1.032 XAI 1.028
3001 0.9 3004 3.4
14.1
1.9
LNTHA 1.029 1
1.0
0.1
9.4
9.4
13.0
13.0
50.2
15.1
52.5
14.9
-102
3003 0.3
14.9
0.4
-27.5
PSV 1.040
5.7
3.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
30.0
-5.3
26.1
16.2
0.9625 0.9625 1111 12.4 30.0 30.0
17.9
1.5
17.9
1.5
NBENG 1.044 1.0250
0.0
8.7
1.0500 1.0500
14.1
1140 9.6 1
-10.6
7.9
6.0
6.6
4.1
1 1
1.0
0.1
13.0
8.4
13.0
8.4
1 PSL 0.000 XNG 1.030 ND H1 1.000 LPB 1.029
0.9
0.9
6.0
4.1
1.0250 0.9875
22.5
22.5
3002 0.0 1116 8.3 1906 -22.4 1007 4.9
VPKHA 0.000
3107 0.0 1.0250 1.0 1.0 16.0 16.2
30.0 30.0
52.5
19.2
NMO H2 1.000
0.0
0.0
1.6
1.0
0.0
0.0
1.0500 1.0500 0.1 0.1 7.0 8.9
24.6
-0.1
26.9
16.7
14.1 14.2 1949 -23.0
7.9
5.4
6.6
3.6
6 PSV 1.022
1.1 2.5 30.5 31.0 22.9 22.8 1017 9.4 39.0 37.5
1
1. 0
5.7
5.2
22.5
2.5
6.0
3.7
1 4.0 1 5.0 0.6 0.4 7.9 8.4
52.5
19.2
3105 4.6 1943 -16.3 1040 6.7
50.2
19.0
NPOT 1.046 NMO H1 1.000
9.0
14.5
30.5 31.0 22.9 22.8 1135 10.6 1948 -23.2
22.5
2.5
NBEN H2 1.000
2.5
6.0
3.7
4.0 5.0 0.6 0.4
22.5
1950 -16.3
24.9
3.1
VPKHA 0.000 PK 1.039 NG4B 1.047 NG4A 1.049 1
0.9
2.3
1.4
23.0
52.5
20.4
3007 0.0 1 1127 10.7 1134 13.6 1124 14.2

1
2.5
22.5
49.7 50.0 26.9 27.0 30.0
0.0
0.0
5.3
5.3
7.0
4.9
4.0 3.5 2.1 2.4 1.0250 1
55.4
55.4
54.0
54.0
NAMO 0.000 2 1 2
3005 0.0 49.7 50.0 30.0 26.9 27.0 30.0
23.0
0.5
1 1 NPOT H 1.020 NHET 0.000
4.0 3.5 1.0250 2.1 2.4 1.0250 1938 -15.8 1126 0.0
53.6
8.2
53.6
8.2
BKEO 1.041 VV 1.018 NG5 1.043
0.0
0.0
3101 8.0 1103 4.3 1143 12.6
54.0
3.3
54.0
1.3
NG4B H 1.015 NG4A H1 1.020
7.7
0.2
7.7
0.2
7.7
0.2
8.8 8.9 1937 -12.6 1909 -12.0
HSA LG 1.000 1
8.8
0.5
9.8
9.8
9.7
6.8
9.6
6.8
3.5
3.5
0.5 3.4
40.0
6.1
28.0
13.1
34.8
34.8
50.0
50.0
1956 -15.9 1 2 3
1.0125 -30.0 -30.0
18.0
-1.1
18.0
-1.1
18.0
-1.1
18.0
-0.4
18.0
-0.4
18.0
-0.4
5.7 5.7 30.0 30.0
HSA 1.044 0.9875 0.9875 NBAK2 1.047
6.1
5.4 3.9 1.0250 1.0250
40.0
1502 12.0 1 2 3 1 2 3 1138 6.4
1.0500
8.8
0.2
9.7
6.0
9.6
6.0
50.0
0.0
BKEO 1.026 VV 1.035NG5 L 0.000 NG5 H2 1.015
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
30.0
38.7
38.7
38.7
58.0
58.0
3011 6.0 1006 30.8 1043 0.0 1947 -13.4
30.0 30.0 30.0
40.0
3.2
50.0
0.0
HSA LG 1.041 NG5 H1 1.015
0.0
8.8
5.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0500 1.0500 1.0500
-5.3
19.3
12.0
50.0
1156 10.0 1946 -13.4
2
38.7
2.9
38.7
2.9
1 HSA 0.000 1 NBA2 H1 1.000 NBA2 H3 1.000
1.6
1.6
0.0
1
20.0
20.0
50.0
1141 0.0 1940 -19.5 1942 -19.5 29.6 30.0
47.5 47.7 3.9 3.1
1
38.7
2.9
NBA2 H2 1.000
2.9
2.9
38.6 39.0
38.7
38.7
10.2 10.3 1941 -19.5 29.6 30.0
20.0
1.6
20.0
1.6
HSA 1.041
1123 10.0 4.8 3.3 57.9 59.8 3.9 3.1
1 3 NSANE 1.040
2.9
7.0 3.4
38.7
1137 -0.7
27.1
12.6
34.1
9.5
34.1
9.5
TLT 1.016
2.7
15.9
11.3
18.4
1102 0.4 57.9 59.8 23.7 23.9 2
6.1
7.0 3.4 0.9 0.4

60.0
0.9750
3.4
0.4
74.1
58.4
30.0 30.0 24.0 24.0 30.0
9.1 9.1 34.2 34.2 1.0500
6
15.9
9.9
57.3
1.6
57.3
1.6
HSA 1.025 1. 0 NG12 1.023 NGL1 1.023 NG345 1.023 NLEK 1.035
1023 6.5 1. 1114 0.7 1113 0.7 1101 0.7 1110 2.9
60.0
10.5
NSAN H 1.000
1939 -26.6
TLT 0.000
0.0
0.0
9.9
4.5
4.6
6.3
4.3
8.7
8.6
9.1
3.3
3.3
4.1
4.1
3.9
2.6
6.2
5.9
15.9
15.0
15.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
52.8
52.8
30.0
30.0
39.5
39.1
1016 0.0
3.5
3.5
3.5
0.9625 1.0250
20.0
20.0
20.0
30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0

1
0.0
0.0
1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522
1 2 3
18.2
0.8
XYBR 1.034 BD 1.006
1117 8.0 1120 -0.3
15.0
5.4
6.3
3.9
40.0
11.6
30.0
6.8
3.9
2.4
1 1901 -26.2 1011 -2.1 1904 -25.3 1908 -22.0 1031 0.5
1.8
9.4
3.6
5.7
3.8
4.5
1.0
10.4
73.6
1.6
15.0
5.5
40.0
11.7
40.0
12.0
30.0
6.8
38.4
6.6
38.0
6.4
5.4
6.3
3.9
6.8
3.9
2.4
1.0000
15.0
40.0
11.6
30.0
1.0375 1105 -1.4 1902 -26.2 1903 -25.3 1905 -25.4 1907 -22.0 1112 -2.9
1 4 1
1
3.2
1.6
5.5
6.8
8.2
3.4
3.4
9.7
20.4
53.2
15.0
40.0
11.7
40.0
12.0
30.0
68.2
26.8
26.8
13.8
10.4
1.1
5.7
3.5
XBR 1.032 NAMP 0.000 BDON 1.026
1018 4.1 1118 0.0 1019 -2.4 0.9750 2 14.1 3 14.0 5 2 0.9625
2.2 1.9
52.0
1.6
52.0
1.6
NM3 1.016
0.0
6.4
0.0
0.0
5.7
3.5
-5.3
10.4
15.3 15.3 1131 -1.5
20.4
2.1
13.8
8.6
PS 1.027 PX 1.025
1008 -4.5 0.2 0.1 1015 -6.0
1 1 NXT 1.000 TGNE 0.998
1.6
1.6
3.2
3.2
1
17.5
17.5
69.5
69.5
1146 -5.2 1107 -5.6

1.023 NBG
0.0
8.6
20.4
12.6
13.8
30.0 30.0 9.5 1501
-10.5
0.9
0.9
6.6
6.6
0.9
0.9
1.0250 1.0250
29.3
29.3
14.0
14.0
14.7
14.7
1
1 0.9875 0.9875 0.9750 0.9750
4.5
3.0
17.5
2.8
NHAI 1.000 NM3 H1 1.000

1115 -0.7 1910 -27.4
17.5
2.8
NM3 H2 1.000
4.5
3.0
2.8
17.5
1911 -27.4
14.0
7.3
14.0
7.3
14.6
1.5
14.6
1.5
NXT 1.032 TGNE 1.027 0.000 NBONG

1.0000 44.4 44.4 1046 -7.4 1009 -7.8 0.0 1142
1
2.8
5.8 5.8
17.5
52.4
3.4
57.2
3.0
29.2
1.1
29.2
1.1
PT12 0.997 PT34 0.997
0.0
0.0
28.0
17.4
29.3
18.2
1119 -5.8 1108 -5.8
9.3
1.0
4.5
2.8
-32.0
-21.1
1125 6.0 1012 -2.4 2 1122 0.0 1129 0.0 1130 0.0
1 1
2.9
2.9
4.1
4.1
6.8
22.2
22.2
21.6
21.6
18.5
4.9
2.4
4.4
3.4
0.0
0.0
4.5
2.8
1.0522 1.0522 0.9875 0.9875 25.9 26.0
-30.0 -30.0 1.4 1.9
1.0163 1.0125
1 25.9 26.0
22.2
1.3
22.2
1.3
21.6
5.8
21.6
5.8
PT 1.026
1001 -10.0 1.4 1.9
4.9
2.7
4.4
3.2
68.8
0.7
68.8
0.7
1025 33.9 9.6 9.6 1150 -4.5 1022 0.0 1029 0.0 1030 0.0
0.0
1.8 1.2
87.5
54.2
-63.2
0.0
9.3
5.8
1.3
1.3
1.3
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-5.3
21.4
21.4
21.4
21.4
XNK 0.000
1013 0.0 1 0.9750 0.9750 0.9750 0.9750
1 DNS 0.000 TTL 0.000 TNL 1.002 1 1 1
1002 0.0 1004 0.0 1109 -5.5
0.0
0.0
21.4
0.1
21.4
0.1
21.4
0.1
21.4
0.1
LKX 1.028
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
10.6
15.8
15.8
1050 -7.8
1
0.9750 0.9750 0.9750
0.0
1 1
85.6
53.1
-52.8
25.6
0.3
25.6
0.3
TKK 0.986
2101 -11.0
10.6
1.4
15.8
2.2
15.8
2.2
SSK 0.000 SPL 0.000 TNL 1.032

1003 0.0 1005 0.0 1010 -7.9 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
42.2
26.2
-32.0
71.5 70.1
1 6.6 3.8
1 1
18.3
4.6
67.7
9.2
UD2 0.995 UD1 0.987 NK 0.974 BKN 1.017

21766 -8.4 21765 -8.5 21742 -8.8 21705 -4.2
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
1112 -2.9
GMINE 0.000
2105 0.0
3.4
3.4
26.8
26.8
NT2 1.009 NT5 0.000
0.0
0.0
2106 -7.7 2108 0.0
8.5
5.9
7.0
7.0
6.3
4.3
37.5
37.5
29.5 30.1 0.9500
30.0 30.0 GLDMN 0.000
2.7 1.8 1.0250 1.0250 2005 0.0
29.5 30.1
37.5
9.8
6.3
3.9
NT2 H1 1.000 NT2 L 1.028 NT5 H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.8 2.8 2.7 1.8 2901 -33.6 2006 -10.5 2922 0.0
2.1 1.8
37.5
9.8
NT2 H2 1.000 NT5 H2 0.000
9.8
6.3
3.9
0.0
0.0
1
37.5
2.8 2.8 2902 -33.6 2923 0.0 1
2.1 1.8
1 1
25.6
0.3
25.6
0.3
NN 0.985 TKK 0.986 1
9.8
0.0
0.0
37.5
21728 -11.0 2101 -11.0
2 2
8.5
7.6
XBT 0.994 XPON 0.984
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
20.2
17.5
17.5
2109 -8.3 2104 -5.5
0.9625 0.9625 0.9625 0.9625 SVN 1.017
3.1
20.2
15.0
10.5
22.4
15.8
2502 8.0 11.7 11.9 35.4 36.5
4.5 8.0 6.8 6.6
0.9625 0.9250 0.9250
20.2
0.6
20.2
0.6
20.2
0.6
20.2
0.6
NN 0.985 TKK 1.024
21770 -11.0 2001 -14.2 35.4 36.5
6.8 6.6
20.2
2.0
15.0
9.3
22.4
13.9
0.0
80.9
50.1
2009 -11.4 2004 -8.8 4120 0.0 4119 0.0 4108 -0.3
-52.4
SVN 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.3
7.3
2.0
1.2
20.2
12.5
37.4
23.2
37.5
37.5
2107 0.0
-10.5
20.9 21.4 0.9875
1 30.0 30.0
1 2.1 4.7 1 1.0500 1.0500
37.5
10.0
2.0
1.2
XPON H1 1.000 XPON-G L 1.036

25.1 25.2 4936 -26.2 4008 -1.2
0.5 0.3
17.2
2.9
17.2
2.9
37.5
10.0
5.0
5.0
2.0
1.2
18.7
18.7
21726 -14.4 2102 -13.8 2103 -10.5 4113 0.0 4944 -26.2
SRV 1.029 1 2
1
1.6
1.6
1.6
7.2
7.2
3.0
3.0
5.0
5.0
23.9
23.9
23.9
39.6
39.6
18.3
18.3
18.7
18.7
31.2 31.7 4105 7.4

5.1 5.2
0.9375 0.9375 0.9375 0.9625 0.9625 3 4
8.2
11.9
24.6 24.8 30.7 31.2
31.2 31.7 4.6 5.4 1.3 2.3
0.9750
23.9
3.1
23.9
3.1
23.9
3.1
18.3
4.5
18.3
4.5
PBO 1.037 CHAMP 1.027 XDON2 H2 0.000
2002 -17.4 5.1 5.2 2003 -14.8 4943 0.0 24.6 24.8 30.7 31.2
4.6 5.4 1.3 2.3
11.9
XDON2 H1 0.000 SRV 7.4 1.024
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
71.7
44.4
36.6
22.7
4942 0.0 4005 4.7
-53.8
-31.6
2
1 1
0.0
0.0
7.4
11.9
XST1 1.027
1 4101 6.1
26.6 27.0 1
SLB 1.041
0.0
0.0
4.5
0.1 1.2
35.1
4002 27.6
28.1 28.6 30.0 XST 1.022
5.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
4.9 5.0 0.4 1.8 1.0463 4004 6.0
0.1 0.4 30.0 28.1 28.6
1.0454
3.3
2.0
6.6
4.1
9.9
6.1
1 0.4 1.8
XST2 0.000 XST2 1.042
4324 0.0 4104 8.6 30.0 30.0
5.0
0.6
SLB H1 1.000 1.0740 1.0740
4902 0.1 1
5.4
2.7
2.7
76.0
38.0
38.0
35.1
6.6
3.3
2.3
6.6
4.6
XST1 H1 0.990
0.7
0.1
0.7
0.1
0.7
0.1
3.0
0.4
30.0 4901 -20.6
1.0500
1 2 3 4
3.0
0.9
3.0
0.9
3.9
3.9
3.9
13.0
13.0
13.0
76.0
10.9
XST2 H1 1.000
4903 -17.3 1 2 3 4 5
32.5 32.3
5.5
5.5
1.8 1.5
38.0
38.0
39.6 40.6 60.0 62.9 1 2 32.5 32.3
6.8 6.1 19.3 13.6 1.8 1.5
42.5
4.9
42.5
4.9
37.8
2.7
37.8
2.7
21758 -9.7 4102 -5.3 4121 2.6 4317 0.0 4117 7.6 4110 11.2 4106 10.3
4.7
3.2
4.7
3.2
6.8
7.6
7.6
3.8
3.8
3.2
4.3
4.3
1.8
1.8
2.3
1.5
10.0
45.6
45.6
13.1
13.1
20.0
47.8
47.8
32.5
32.5
-30.0 -30.0 1.0375

1.0875 1.0875 -30.0 0.9875 0.9875 30.0 30.0 30.0
1.0402 1.0500 1.0500 1.0500
PSG 1.022 BSOK 1.037
4304 2.0 4501 14.5
4.7
3.6
4.7
3.6
10.0
7.7
13.1
3.0
13.1
3.0
20.0
4.6
32.5
0.6
2.3
1.4

4001 21.4 4021 -0.5 4907 -18.2 4937 -14.7 4006 8.1
1.2
90.5
32.5
0.6
HLPGN H2 0.995
0.0
0.0
4.6
0.6
2.3
1.4
24.3
15.1
26.2
16.2
20.0
32.5
1.0000 4938 -14.7
-30.1
46.3
6.6
46.3
6.6
-10.2
BBOUN 1.013
4118 7.1 1 1
1 1
0.6
1
32.5
90.5
5.1
47.4
3.8
47.4
3.8
PSG 1.023 BSOK 0.000
4.2
4.2
14.7
10.3
13.2
13.2
4116 6.0 2 4114 0.0
0.9500 ATP 1.040
4.2
2.6
4107 15.5
14.7
9.1
BBOUN 1.027 1
0.5
0.5
7.6
5.4
1.7
1.7
16.9
16.9
29.2
29.2
4018 3.8
-30.0
1.0125
9.1
14.7
40.5 42.3
5.7 4.9
7.6
4.7
1 ATP 1.028
40.5 42.3 4007 41.8
5.7 4.9
13.4
1.9
13.4
1.9
17.0
1.5
17.0
1.5
29.5
2.6
29.5
2.6
TKO 1.027 NK3 1.043 XXOU 1.049

7.6
4.7
4103 8.4 4112 16.3 4111 17.5
9.3
6.3
3.0
2.6
2.6
36.0
10.0
34.0
29.5
29.5
0.9750
30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0
1.0500 1.0500 1.0500 1.0500
36.0
12.9
9.3
5.8
34.0
0.5
29.5
0.5

4904 -17.5 4003 6.3 4941 -9.5 4939 -8.3
29.5
0.5
XXOU H1 0.995
6.4
6.4
9.3
5.8
18.0
18.0
34.0
-0.5
29.5
-0.5
4940 -8.3
1 2 1 1
1
29.5
-0.5
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
267 0
XNEUA
-112.1
267 00.0 3102
-112.1 0.0
BNEUA XAI 534
3106 3104 -112.1 23 691
LNTHA
0
3103 -140.2 -106.4
0.0
XNEUA
1 3012
ND 1703 LPB 711 NMO EVN 2510

1014 -96.4 1104 -107.4 1151 5101 -90.0
BNEUA XAI 2029
2029
-121.6
3001 3004 -121.6
23
LNTHA 1
127
0
2510
3003
-90.0
PSV 797
0.0
-106.9
-139.8
1111 -120.1
NBENG
0
1140 1
0.0
797
1 1
1 PSL XNG 762 ND H1 35206 LPB 2149
25635
-143.0
2027
-120.1
3002 1116 -106.9 1906 -141.4 1007 -94.2
VPKHA
0 -93.4
3107 1579 125
NMO H2
743
0.0
-95.5 -106.6
9612
1949
0 PSV 2046
-105.9
-136.9
2046
-128.4
0 1 1017 -128.4
NAMO NBEN H1 NBENG L 0.
3105 1 1943 1040 1
NPOT NMO H1
1135 1948
NBEN H2
1950
VPKHA PK NG4B NG4A 1
3007 1 1127 1134 1124
1
2 1 1 2
NAMO
3005
1 1 NPOT H NHET
1938 1126
BKEO VV 3345 NG5
22
-145.7
3101 1103 -119.8 1143
NG4B H NG4A H1
0
1937 1909
HSA LG 1
994
0.0
1170
1170
1956 1 2 3
-113.1
-122.5
-122.5
HSA NBAK2
1502 1 2 3 1 2 3 1138
BKEO VV 3302 NG5 L NG5 H2
3302
-104.9
3011 1006 -104.91043 1947
0
HSA LG NG5 H1
0.0
1156 1946
HSA 2 NBA2 H1 NBA2 H3

1 1
1141 1 1940 1942
4976 1 748
NBA2 H2
2206 0 -122.2 -122.6 1941
HSA
1123 -121.7 0.0 772 1 3 NSANE
-122.6 1137
TLT 5917
7
-140.1
8
-149.5
8
-149.5
1102 -122.3 772 1161 1903 2
-122.6 -120.1 -121.9
921
6286 485 5538 1233
-122.2
-123.4 -119.9 -123.6 -121.5
HSA 6 NG12 6771 NGL1 6771 NG345 6771 NLEK 3940
0
0.0
1023 56 12.1 1114 -123.2 1113 -123.2 1101 -123.2 1110 -122.6
-1 NSAN H
0
0
1939
TLT
243
243
0.0
701
553
553
0.0
933
1070
1068
1016
-119.9
-119.9
-126.9
-126.9
-121.3
-121.1
-121.1
-125.8
1
XYBR 566 BD 2206 1 2 3
1117 -112.1 1120 -121.7
NG1 H1 15581 NGL1 2950 NG1 H4 39414 NLK H1 21210 NLEK L 2137
0
0
0
12471
-165.4
2950
-136.1
20632
-163.7
12140
-163.5
2137
-134.7
1 1901 -162.2 1011 -136.1 1904 -160.5 1908 -158.1 1031 -134.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
PS 4569 NG1 H2 15650 NG1 H3 39468 NG1 H5 31520 NLK H2 21210 PX 3163
3113
-121.1
12540
-165.4
20684
-163.7
21662
-164.0
12140
-163.5
1162
-117.6
3203
9192
1105 -121.2 1902 -162.3 1903 -160.5 1905 -160.0 1907 -158.1 1112 -119.9
18854
0
-149.9
-156.9
-151.1
0
1 4 1
1
0.0
895
554
554
0.0
1457
3203
9192
18854
10027
XBR 1735 NAMP BDON 2817
-126.0
2817
-121.5
-149.9
-156.9
-151.3
-151.1
-121.7
-120.9
-120.9
1018 -126.0 1118 1019 -134.2 20 3 3540 5 2
0
0 -134.2
0.0 -118.9
NM3 2921
0.0 1735
0.0
1131 -121.6
PS 6982 PX 4712
6982
-133.4
4712
-135.5
1008 -133.4 1015 -135.5

1 NXT 4976
TGNE 3540
393
393
0
1317
-117.5
1 1
1072
1072
1146 -119.9
1107 -118.9
NBG
0.0
0
-129.1
-129.1
-118.9
-118.9
1501
.3
.3
0.0
9
9
9
1
19
3660
-1 34
-1 34
1
-120.7
1
NHAI 1275 NM3 H1 14573
1275
-121.7
8595
-166.5
1115 -121.7 1910 -163.5
0
NM3 H2 14573
0.0
8595
-166.5
6007
1911 -163.5
NXT TGNE 5093 NBONG
5093
-134.6
-159.1
6429 0 1046 1009 -134.6 1 1142

0
-118.1 0.0
6007
PT12 6429 PT34 6429

0.0
883
-118.7
-159.1
1119 -118.1 1108 -118.1

PLAY NHAI 2470 NAKH THPC KM20
2470
0
0
0
1125 1012 -132.2 2 1122 1129 1130
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0 -132.2
1074
0.0
-115.7
355 1296
-128.8 -115.6
1 355 1296
PT 14036
4679
-130.7
4679
-130.7
4679
-130.7
1001 -130.7 -128.8 -115.6
PLAY LKX 3324 NAKH THPC KM20
0
373
-128.5
373
-128.5
1025 635 3092 1150 -118.5 1022 1029 1030
0.0
0
0
-127.7 -112.5
0.0
0.0
XNK
1013 1
1 DNS TTL TNL 3779 1 1 1
1002 1004 1109 -115.5
0
0
LKX 9240
0.0
0.0
4620
-128.0
4620
-128.0
1050 -128.0
1
0
0.0
1 1
TKK 4500
409
-120.5
409
-120.5
2101 -114.6
SSK SPL TNL 5937
1858
-133.5
4079
-133.5
1003 1005 1010 -133.5 1

0
0.0
1982 2257
1 -115.0 -119.4
1 1
UD2 7902 UD1 7173 NK 6041 BKN 2932

807
-120.1
1946
-118.9
21766 -112.5 21765 -112.7 21742 -114.7 21705 -119.8
THE STUDY ON MASTER PLAN (JICA) Figure 6.8-8(a) Results of 3 Phase Short Circuit Current Analysis in 2005
POWER
BASE CASE FY:2005 GEN:RATED CAPACITY
TECHNOLOGIES
R 3 PHASE FLT ALL BUSES I AMPS POLAR SAT, NOV 03 2001 13:59 (Base Plan, Generation: Rated Capacity)
PX 3163 DOMESTIC CENTRAL-2 & SOUTHERN
1112 -119.9
GMINE
2105
554
554
NT2 2367 NT5
-120.9
-120.9
2106 -119.8 2108
0
0
0.0
0.0
0 1183
GLDMN
0.0 -119.8 2005
0 1183
NT2 H1 NT2 L 2563 NT5 H1
2563
-138.5
581 1569 0.0 -119.8 2901 2006 -138.5 2922
-114.5 -114.1
NT2 H2 NT5 H2
581 1569 2902 2923 1 1
-114.5 -114.1
1 1
NN 4733 TKK 4500 1
409
-120.5
409
-120.5
21728 -114.7 2101 -114.6
0
0
2 2
XBT 1363 XPON 715
0.0
0.0
276
276
2109 -122.7 2104 -126.1
-109.1
-109.1
0 1363
0
SVN
0.0 -122.7
0.0
2502
NN 12177 TKK 10953
5476
-129.5
5476
-129.5
21769 -129.4 2001 -129.5
0
XBT 4122 XPON 2330 XPN-T3 XPN-T2 XPON-G
0.0
4122
-131.2
2330
-132.9
2009 -131.2 2004 -132.9 4120 4119 4108
0
0
SVN
0.0
0.0
1 2107
0 715 1
1 1
0.0 -126.1
XPON H1 XPON-G L
966 1969 4936 4008
-117.2 -112.9
MD2 3631 PBO 3332 CHAMP 1621 XDON XPON H2
682
-116.3
682
-116.3
21726 -112.2 2102 -114.3 2103 -121.6 4113 4944
0
0
0
0
SRV 1 2
1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4105
3 4
0 1621
PBO 7604 CHAMP 3534 XDON2 H2
3802
-131.6
3802
-131.6
1763
-105.3
1770
-105.3
2002 -131.6 0.0 -121.6 2003 -105.3 4943
0
0
XDON2 H1 SRV
0.0
0.0
4942 4005
2
1 1
XST1 1526
1 4101 -116.4
638 621 1
SLB 1523
907
4002 -89.9 -109.3 -120.0
-113.9
XST 2946
623
413 900 4004 -120.4
-88.9
-82.6 -90.6
980
1
1965
XST2 XST2 3425

-120.4
-120.4
4324 4104 -113.8

SLB H1 5124
2396
-124.9
4902 -121.7 1
951
951
1552
XST1 H1 19959
382
382
382
-105.5
-120.5
-120.5
5719
-154.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
1589
4901 -146.5
-119.2
-119.2
-119.2
-118.6
1 2 3 4
945
945
4140
4140
4140
XST2 H1 38976
15143
-153.1
-143.4
-143.4
-143.5
-143.5
-143.5
4903 -142.3 1 2 3 4 5
12135
12135
-135.5
-135.5
488 1333 509 873 1 2
-108.3 -113.7 -107.3 -116.9
SRD 3151 BYO 1913 LKP 1508 XST3 XST3 3505 HLPGN SK
727
-104.4
727
-104.4
21758 -107.7 4102 -112.1 4121 -113.7 4317 4117 -114.3 4110 4106
0
0
18
18
38
0.0
0.0
1043
1043
-115.2
-115.2
-115.2
-121.2
-121.2
PSG 2476 BSOK

4304 -115.0 4501
BYO 5328 LKP XST3 H1 HLPGN H1 SK
1179
-93.0
1197
-93.0
2545
-93.0
4001 -92.2 4021 4907 4937 4006
558
0
HLPGN H2
0.0
-103.5
4938
BBOUN 1207
4118 -114.8 1 1
1 1
0
0 604
0 604
1
PSG 3711 BSOK
0.0
0.0 -114.8
0.0 -114.8
2426
-122.6
668
-103.1
668
-103.1
4116 -115.7 2 4114
ATP
4107
BBOUN 3252 1
3252
-123.0
4018 -123.0
1 ATP
4007
TKO 982 NK3 XXOU
491
-114.6
491
-114.6
4103 -114.6 4112 4111
0
0.0
1
TKO H1 TKO 2913 NK3 H XXOU H1
2913
-122.1
4904 4003 -122.1 4941 4939
XXOU H1
4940
1 2 1 1
1
THE STUDY ON MASTER PLAN (JICA) Figure 6.8-8(b) Results of 3 Phase Short Circuit Current Analysis in 2005
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
542 271
XNEUA
-62.4
542 -50.2
271 3102
-62.4 -50.2
332 529
BNEUA 756 XAI 2133
3106 -56.7 3104 -39.3
-57.2 -58.5 964 928
LNTHA 1007
0
0
3103 -56.5 1510 1271 -100.0 -72.0
0.0
756
529
529
0.0
0
-60.4 -60.9 964 928
-56.7
-51.8
-51.8
XNEUA
0.0
1366 0 460 958 3012 -100.0 -72.0
1
-56.6 0.0 -55.4 -65.3
ND 2997 LPB 3311 NMO 4059 EVN 4140
1014 -67.5 1104 -60.1 1151 -86.0 5101 -89.2
BNEUA 1804 XAI 4182
1804
-65.7
4182
-66.4
3001 -65.7 3004 -66.4
23
LNTHA 2943 1
127
0
0
1119
1118
2430
3003 -63.6
-66.9
-69.4
-73.9
-73.9
PSV 834
0.0
0.0
0 2943
-102.3
1111 -76.5
NBENG 2572
0.0 -63.6
340
-64.9
340
-64.9
0
1140 -58.7 1
0.0
834
0
1 1
-76.5
1 PSL XNG 3232 ND H1 38352 LPB 4927
445
445
0.0
28816
-107.1
4802
-70.9
3002 1116 -60.5 1906 -104.5 1007 -70.8
-54.9
-54.9
VPKHA
0
3107 2870 125
NMO H2 34340
0.0
17242
-121.2
-67.5 -66.6
1211
9649
1007 0 1949 -112.5
-65.0
-96.9
3 PSV 2061
2061
-84.9
-56.5 0.0 52 1017 -84.9
NAMO 1366 NBEN H1 16655 NBENG L 2603 6 1
0.
0
0.0
9778
-96.7
2603
-66.8
3105 1 -56.6 1943 -91.8 1040 -66.8 -5 1
17496
NPOT NMO H1 34358

17238
-121.2
-103.9
1135 1948 -112.5

NBEN H2 16655
9778
-96.7
6962
1950 -91.8
-84.9
VPKHA PK 4569 NG4B NG4A 1
540
-54.4
3007 1 1127 -65.0 1134 1124
17514
1
-103.9
6962
871 1184
-84.9
944
944
-58.8 -70.0 1
2 1 2
-76.2
-76.2
NAMO
3005 871 1184
1 1 NPOT H NHET
-58.8 -70.0 1938 1126
BKEO VV 5202 NG5 4342
758
-54.1
758
-54.1
3101 1103 -67.8 1143 -65.5
NG4B H NG4A H1
0
0
1937 1909
HSA LG 24001 1
0.0
0.0
995
995
12539
-84.9
1039
1223
1223
1956 -90.3 1 2 3
-69.7
-79.1
-79.1
-60.2
-60.2
1079 1008
HSA 7976 NBAK2
1502 -77.9 -57.6 -57.8 1138
1 2 3 1 2 3
11578
-96.2
BKEO VV 6128 NG5 L NG5 H2 33229
3068
-49.2
3061
-49.2
18236
-102.8
3011 1006 -49.2 1043 1947 -97.1
HSA LG 2521 NG5 H1 33229
802
-54.9
18236
-102.8
1156 -58.6 1946 -97.1
15194
-90.2
1 1
861
861
1141 1 1940 1942
-60.4
-60.4
15194
-90.2
5370 1 2056
NBA2 H2
2391 0 -78.2 -62.9 1941
HSA 2528
400
-54.9
400
-54.9
1123 -58.6 -72.0 0.0 1250 894 1 3 NSANE
0
-67.3 -83.7 1137
TLT 7735
0.0
655
444
-43.4
523
-52.8
523
-52.8
1102 -73.9 1250 894 1370 1834 2
-65.0
-67.3 -83.7 -81.5 -70.0
1040
8079 526 6089 2577
-84.5
-75.5 -71.8 -79.7 -64.7
HSA 4376 93 NG12 8604 NGL1 8604 NG345 8604 NLEK 6055
0
0.0
1023 -65.1 10 2.9 1114 -75.3 1113 -75.3 1101 -75.3 1110 -77.7
-6 NSAN H
0 4376
0
0
1939
TLT
0.0 -65.1
263
263
0.0
741
865
865
588
588
0.0
675
667
1102
1100
1016
-71.8
-71.8
-77.8
-77.8
-72.7
-79.9
-79.9
-78.3
-78.3
-84.6
-84.9
1
XYBR 2084 BD 2391 1 2 3
1117 -57.9 1120 -72.0
0
0 1000
0
0
12713
-116.8
3015
-87.2
21957
-115.6
13395
-120.6
2217
-91.7
1 1901 -113.6 1011 -87.2 1904 -112.0 1908 -115.4 1031 -91.7
0.0
0.0 -52.5
0.0
0.0
3775
-70.3
12786
-116.7
22019
-115.6
22941
-115.8
13395
-120.6
1043
-73.7
1030
-73.9
3470
9772
1105 -73.7 1902 -113.6 1903 -112.0 1905 -111.6 1907 -115.4 1112 -78.0
19410
0
-101.8
-107.8
-108.3
0
1 4 1
1
0.0
958
635
635
0.0
1662
3472
9772
-81.6
19412
10599
-83.6
-80.7
-80.7
-68.2
2940
-84.1
-101.8
-107.8
-102.7
-108.3
1018 -68.2 1118 1019 -84.1 20 3 2737 5 2
0
0.0 -70.2
NM3 5243
0.0 2899
1233
-78.2
1233
-78.2
0 2950 1131 -77.2

PS 7254 PX 5037
7254
-85.2
5037
-93.0
1008 -85.2 0.0 -78.4 1015 -93.0

1 1 NXT 7366 TGNE 5672
380
380
0
1
1010
1010
1146 -74.7 1107 -74.5

-80.9
-80.9
-74.5
-74.5
7393 NBG
0.0
0
0
0
-78.9 1501
0.0
0.0
0.0
2449
2449
-78.4
-78.4
1
1
NHAI 1318 NM3 H1 15891
1318
-71.8
10147
-121.7
1115 -71.8 1910 -117.8
0
NM3 H2 15891
0.0
10147
-121.7
5810
1911 -117.8
NXT 12766 TGNE 7245 NBONG
6383
-87.4
6383
-87.4
7245
-89.1
-110.9
8366 0 1046 -87.4 1009 -89.1 1 1142
0
0
-74.6 0.0
5810
PT12 8366 PT34 8366
0.0
0.0
1026
-65.8
1026
-66.6
1026
-66.6
-110.9
1119 -74.6 1108 -74.6

PLAY 806 NHAI 2470 NAKH THPC KM20
806
-56.5
2470
0
0
0
1125 -56.5 1012 -82.0 2 1122 1129 1130
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
0 -82.0
1437
-80.9
0.0
0.0
1045 1285
-80.1 -70.7
1 1045 1285
PT 15496
5165
-86.8
5165
-86.8
5165
-86.8
1001 -86.8 -80.1 -70.7
PLAY 1899 LKX 5077 NAKH THPC KM20
1899
-34.9
0
1260
-78.9
1260
-78.9
1025 -34.9 1321 3187 1150 -74.8 1022 1029 1030
0.0
0
0
0
0
-75.4 -67.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
XNK
1013 1
1 DNS TTL TNL 5246 1 1 1
1002 1004 1109 -72.3
0
0
LKX 13827
0.0
0.0
4609
-83.0
4609
-83.0
4609
-83.0
1050 -83.0
1
0
0.0
1 1
TKK 6670
506
-77.8
506
-77.8
2101 -76.7
SSK SPL TNL 8399
1784
-87.8
6615
-87.8
1003 1005 1010 -87.8 1

0
0.0
2584 2740
1 -80.4 -71.6
1 1
UD2 14224 UD1 11763 NK 8185 BKN 3747

923
-69.4
2695
-75.7
21766 -79.1 21765 -77.3 21742 -75.0 21705 -77.8
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
1112 -78.0
GMINE
2105
635
635
-80.7
-80.7
NT2 4119 NT5
2106 -81.5 2108
0
0
0.0
798
798
0.0
-82.6
-82.6
617 1261
GLDMN
-79.0 -80.8 2005
617 1261
NT2 H1 27694 NT2 L 2813 NT5 H1
15586
-121.3
2813
-93.9
1378 1751 -79.0 -80.8 2901 -117.5 2006 -93.9 2922
-75.7 -76.6
NT2 H2 27694 NT5 H2
15586
-121.3
1378 1751 2902 -117.5 2923 1 1
12187
-112.6
-75.7 -76.6
1 1
NN 6814 TKK 6670 1
506
-77.8
506
-77.8
21728 -76.8 2101 -76.7
12187
0
0
-112.6
2 2
XBT 1793 XPON 917
0.0
0.0
463
463
2109 -80.0 2104 -80.8
-72.8
-72.8
0 1793
0
SVN 10505
0.0 -80.0
0.0
2502 -73.7
NN 13850 TKK 12581
6291
-90.1
6291
-90.1
21770 -90.8 2001 -90.1
0
0.0
4744
-87.7
2707
-88.2
2009 -87.7 2004 -88.2 4120 4119 4108
0
0
SVN
0.0
0.0
1 2107
0 917 1
1 1
0.0 -80.8
XPON H1 XPON-G L
1887 2185 4936 4008
-75.0 -75.5
841
-77.0
841
-77.0
21726 -73.5 2102 -74.8 2103 -76.5 4113 4944
0
0
0
0
SRV 3151 1 2
1
0.0
0.0
578
578
0.0
0.0
485 1158 4105 -73.1
-68.0
-68.0
0
-69.3 -80.7
3 4
0.0
465 1079 508 791
485 1158 -62.0 -77.9 -63.0 -77.2
4339
-91.0
4339
-91.0
2191
-63.3
2200
-63.3
2002 -91.0 -69.3 -80.7 2003 -63.3 4943 465 1079 508 791
0
0
-62.0 -77.9 -63.0 -77.2
XDON2 H1 SRV 4658
0.0
0.0
4658
-81.0
4942 4005 -81.0
2
1 1
XST1 3600
1 4101 -74.4
471 567 1
SLB 1547
938
4002 -50.7 -65.5 -82.2
-73.3
499 600
XST 3343
626
415 922 -64.5 -81.2 4004 -80.8
-49.7
-43.4 -51.4 499 600
1 -64.5 -81.2
1113
2231
-80.8
-80.8
XST2 XST2 3800

4324 4104 -74.8
SLB H1 5178
2436
-85.7
4902 -82.5 1
1563
1133
1133
-66.3
-80.7
-80.7
XST1 H1 30204
384
384
384
15516
-112.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
1598
4901 -107.6
-80.0
-80.0
-80.0
-79.4
1 2 3 4
976
976
4276
4276
4276
XST2 H1 41096
17091
-113.3
-102.9
-102.9
-103.0
-103.0
-103.0
4903 -103.3 1 2 3 4 5
731 608
-77.1 -65.6
12223
-96.3
12223
-96.3
915 1346 1323 851 1 2 731 608
-70.2 -76.8 -69.7 -80.2 -77.1 -65.6
SRD 3730 BYO 2741 LKP 3867 XST3 XST3 3961 HLPGN 2745 SK 2784
492
-86.5
492
-86.5
733
-65.2
733
-65.2
21758 -69.9 4102 -73.4 4121 -74.7 4317 4117 -75.7 4110 -72.2 4106 -72.2
0
0
18
19
40
305
305
0.0
422
647
647
0.0
1064
1064
-76.4
-76.4
-76.4
-71.9
-71.9
-67.5
-84.6
-84.6
-66.7
-66.7
PSG 2687 BSOK 6758

4304 -77.5 4501 -68.7
BYO 6171 LKP 4865 XST3 H1 17093 HLPGN H1 21827 SK 1428
1381
-55.6
1403
-55.6
2981
-55.6
4865
-86.1
10600
-110.8
11836
-109.3
1428
-80.5
4001 -54.8 4021 -86.1 4907 -105.7 4937 -103.5 4006 -80.5
679
0
0
-64.5 HLPGN H2 21827
0.0
0.0
11836
-109.3
6602
4938 -103.5
-97.5
10122
-96.7
BBOUN 2771
1049
-77.2
1049
-77.2
4118 -76.0 1 1
1 1
0
1
10122
-96.7
PSG 4105 BSOK
0.0
337
337
2487
-86.1
846
-64.0
846
-64.0
4116 -77.2 2 4114
-72.3
-72.3
ATP
4107
BBOUN 4494 1
4494
-84.5
4018 -84.5
1 ATP
4007
TKO 2248 NK3 XXOU
741
-76.7
741
-76.7
4103 -75.9 4112 4111
766
0.0
1
-74.2
TKO H1 22031 TKO 4195 NK3 H XXOU H1
10108
-113.2
4195
-83.0
4904 -108.3 4003 -83.0 4941 4939
XXOU H1
5995
5995
4940
-104.2
-104.2
1 2 1 1
1
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
587 276
XNEUA 834
-68.5
587 -63.8
276 3102 -68.3 DOMESTIC NORTHERN & CENTRAL-1
0
-68.5 -63.8
834
0.0
399 564
-68.3
BNEUA 768 XAI 2276
3106 -66.9 3104 -52.4
-66.0 -62.3 963 928
LNTHA 1036
0
0
0
3103 -66.4 1696 1487 -99.9 -72.1
0.0
768
552
552
0.0
0.0
0
-67.8 -68.4 963 928
-66.9
-63.3
-63.3
XNEUA 2616
0.0
2616
-74.2
1423 0 456 1172 3012 -74.2 -99.9 -72.1
1
0
-66.1 0.0 -67.0 -70.2
ND 3899 LPB 3793 NMO 4060 EVN 4141
0.0
1014 -73.8 1104 -67.5 1151 -86.0 5101 -89.2
BNEUA 1807 XAI 6302
1807
-76.4
3151
-73.6
3151
-73.6
3001 -76.4 3004 -73.6
12
12
LNTHA 2970 1
124
0
0
1120
1119
2428
3003 -73.7
-75.0
-76.8
-76.8
-74.1
-73.9
PSV 3682
0.0
0.0
0 2970
0
0.0
-102.2
1111 -71.0
NBENG 2713
0.0 -73.7
361
-71.1
361
-71.1
0
1140 -68.2 1
0.0
0
1 1
1 PSL XNG 3704 ND H1 39545 LPB 8099
466
466
0.0
30266
-115.4
3989
-77.1
3989
-77.1
3002 1116 -68.0 1906 -112.9 1007 -77.1
-67.1
-67.1
VPKHA
0
3107 3775 122 1327 995
NMO H2 34343
0.0
17245
-121.2
-73.7 -74.7 -67.2 -78.2
1474
9397
1036 0 1949 -112.5
-69.9
6 PSV 3312
-105.0
3312
-81.7
-66.4 0.0 53 738 1278 441 1349 1017 -81.7 1088 740
3.
0
0.0
9937
-107.3
2633
-78.0
3105 1 -66.1 1943 -103.0 1040 -78.0 -6 -71.8 -70.2
1 -78.5 -68.4 -82.1 -66.0
17496
NPOT 2935 NMO H1 34384

17234
-121.1
-103.9
738 1278 441 1349 1135 -74.1 1948 -112.5

NBEN H2 17154
9937
-107.3
-71.8 -70.2 -78.5 -68.4
7283
1950 -103.0
-97.1
VPKHA PK 6106 NG4B 4591 NG4A 1
540
538
-66.3
3007 1 1127 -72.3 1134 -71.9 1124
-75.1
17538
1
-104.0
7283
918 1640
-97.1
915
915
-67.4 -75.5 1
1161
2 1 2
-80.6
-80.6
-70.5
NAMO
3005 918 1640
1 1 NPOT H 19070 NHET
10862
-112.9
-67.4 -75.5 1938 -109.5 1126
BKEO 1006 VV 5802 NG5 5369
1019
-65.6
1019
-65.6
3101 -65.3 1103 -73.1 1143 -72.9
NG4B H 37191 NG4A H1
0
0
0
19583
-109.6
2751
2751
2751
1006 0 1937 -105.3 1909
HSA LG 24827 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
-105.1
-105.1
-105.1
-65.3 0.0
12993
-96.8
1026
1208
1208
1049
1049
1956 -101.2 1 2 3
-73.3
-82.7
-82.7
-68.9
-68.9
5908
5908
5908
1132 1061
HSA 7977 NBAK2
-100.5
-100.5
-100.5
1502 -78.9 -67.7 -67.2 1138
1 2 3 1 2 3
11911
-105.9
BKEO 2940 VV 6370 NG5 L NG5 H2 36517
2940
-71.8
3189
-55.4
3181
-55.4
20675
-110.2
3011 -71.8 1006 -55.4 1043 1947 -105.2
0
HSA LG 2654 NG5 H1 36517
0.0
831
-66.8
20675
-110.2
1156 -68.3 1946 -105.2
16018
-98.9
1 1
912
912
1141 1 1940 1942
-68.9
-68.9
16018
-98.9
5415 1 2341
NBA2 H2
2435 0 -81.5 -70.4 1941
HSA 2662
414
-66.8
414
-66.8
1123 -68.3 -76.7 0.0 1299 902 1 3 NSANE
0
-72.4 -85.8 1137
TLT 8159
0.0
703
536
-55.4
631
-64.9
631
-64.9
1102 -78.0 1299 902 1452 1818 2
-70.9
-72.4 -85.8 -81.9 -75.6
1042
8492 525 6190 2863
-86.9
-79.4 -76.6 -82.8 -71.5
HSA 4493 82 NG12 9016 NGL1 9016 NG345 9016 NLEK 6784
1023 -75.8 11 9.4 1114 -79.2 1113 -79.2 1101 -79.2 1110 -80.4
-6 NSAN H
0 4493
0
0
1939
TLT
0.0 -75.8
262
263
0.0
740
869
869
600
600
0.0
672
664
1101
1099
1016
-76.6
-76.6
-82.7
-82.6
-77.5
-84.8
-84.8
-81.5
-81.5
-87.8
-88.0
1
XYBR 2215 BD 2435 1 2 3
1117 -67.0 1120 -76.7
0
0 1036
0
0
12808
-121.5
3063
-91.9
22296
-120.3
13783
-123.6
2243
-94.7
1 1901 -118.4 1011 -91.9 1904 -116.8 1908 -118.5 1031 -94.7
0.0
0.0 -64.2
0.0
0.0
3929
-75.1
12882
-121.5
22359
-120.3
23278
-120.4
13783
-123.6
1118
-76.7
1104
-76.9
3463
9970
1105 -77.9 1902 -118.4 1903 -116.8 1905 -116.4 1907 -118.5 1112 -80.9
19394
0
-106.6
-112.6
-111.5
0
1 4 1
1
0.0
960
639
639
0.0
1681
3464
9970
-84.5
19397
10583
-86.0
-84.1
-84.1
-78.2
2973
-89.1
-106.6
-112.7
-107.5
-111.5
1018 -78.2 1118 1019 -89.1 20 3 2803 5 2
0
0.0 -73.8
NM3 5514
0.0 2969
1356
-80.1
1356
-80.1
0 3021 1131 -80.3

PS 7336 PX 5108
7336
-89.9
5108
-96.0
1008 -89.9 0.0 -81.9 1015 -96.0

1 1 NXT 7587 TGNE 5810
387
387
0
1
1016
1016
1146 -77.9 1107 -78.0

-85.2
-85.2
-78.8
-78.8
7804 NBG
0.0
0
0
0
0
-78.6 1501
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2504
2504
-80.8
-80.8
1
1
NHAI 1331 NM3 H1 16149
1331
-76.7
10308
-125.6
1115 -76.7 1910 -121.8
0
NM3 H2 16149
0.0
10308
-125.6
5903
1911 -121.8
6449
-91.5
6449
-91.5
5908
-90.0
5908
-90.0
-115.2
8608 0 1046 -91.5 1009 -90.0 1 1142
0
0
-77.5 0.0
5903
PT12 8608 PT34 8608
0.0
0.0
1072
-71.8
1066
-72.1
1066
-72.1
-115.2
1119 -77.5 1108 -77.5

825
-66.3
2487
0
0
0
0
1125 -66.3 1012 -87.1 2 1122 1129 1130
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
0 -87.1
1435
-82.0
0.0
0.0
1113 1290
-82.5 -74.5
1 1113 1290
PT 18509
4625
-89.1
4625
-89.1
4625
-89.1
4635
-89.1
1001 -89.1 -82.5 -74.5
1924
-45.0
0
1342
-81.2
1342
-81.2
1025 -45.0 1415 3208 1150 -77.9 1022 1029 1030
0.0
0
0
0
0
0
-78.3 -70.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
XNK
1013 1
1 DNS TTL TNL 5407 1 1 1
1002 1004 1109 -75.6
0
0
0
LKX 15976
0.0
0.0
0.0
3994
-85.5
3994
-85.5
3994
-85.5
3994
-85.5
1050 -85.5
1
0
0.0
1 1
TKK 7057
519
-80.6
519
-80.6
2101 -79.3
SSK SPL TNL 12351
1465
-88.5
5443
-88.5
5443
-88.5
1003 1005 1010 -88.5 1

0
0.0
2579 2810
1 -81.5 -76.6
1 1
UD2 14375 UD1 11855 NK 8268 BKN 3850

951
-75.3
2795
-78.8
21766 -81.0 21765 -79.3 21742 -77.6 21705 -80.7
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
1112 -80.9
GMINE
2105
639
639
-84.1
-84.1
NT2 4674 NT5
2106 -83.8 2108
567
817
817
0.0
-76.4
-85.9
-85.9
732 1240
GLDMN
-79.8 -84.1 2005
732 1240
NT2 H1 28834 NT2 L 2865 NT5 H1
16433
-124.4
2865
-97.0
1514 1779 -79.8 -84.1 2901 -120.7 2006 -97.0 2922
-78.3 -79.4
NT2 H2 28834 NT5 H2
16433
-124.4
1514 1779 2902 -120.7 2923 1 1
12480
-115.9
-78.3 -79.4
1 1
NN 7160 TKK 7057 1
519
-80.6
21728 -79.4 2101 -79.3
12480
0
0
0 -80.6
-115.9
2 2
XBT 2531 XPON 2716
0.0
0.0
0.0 519
500
500
2109 -81.4 2104 -79.9
-76.9
-76.9
0 1760
0
0
SVN 10550
0.0 -83.4
0.0
0.0
2502 -75.1 774 734 574 534
-76.8 -84.2 -72.4 -86.9
NN 14014 TKK 16329
5443
-90.8
5443
-90.8
21770 -94.2 2001 -90.8 574 534
0 5443
-72.4 -86.9
XBT 5565 XPON 7566 XPN-T3 XPN-T2 XPON-G 2667
0.0 -90.8
5565
-90.5
3027
-85.9
4540
-85.9
2009 -90.5 2004 -85.9 4120 4119 4108 -81.2
0
0
0
SVN
0.0
0.0
804
804
0.0
1 2107
-77.3
-77.3
700 852 1
1 1
-74.3 -86.3
XPON H1 24251 XPON-G L 2619

11792
-118.3
2619
-88.5
2132 2181 4936 -112.6 4008 -88.5

-78.8 -78.1
MD2 5276 PBO 5228 CHAMP 4097 XDON XPON H2 24251
840
-80.0
840
-80.0
11792
-118.3
6285
6285
21726 -76.7 2102 -77.8 2103 -79.7 4113 4944 -112.6
0
0
0
0
-107.3
-107.3
SRV 3200 1 2
1
0.0
0.0
578
578
0.0
0.0
6285
6285
685 1129 4105 -77.8
-74.1
-74.1
0
-107.3
-107.3
-74.8 -84.3
3 4
0.0
467 1100 510 800
685 1129 -67.5 -82.1 -68.4 -81.6
5665
-91.9
5665
-91.9
4027
-92.6
4027
-92.6
2002 -91.9 -74.8 -84.3 2003 -92.6 4943 467 1100 510 800
0
0
-67.5 -82.1 -68.4 -81.6
XDON2 H1 SRV 4706
0.0
0.0
4706
-86.0
4942 4005 -86.0
2
1 1
XST1 3674
1 4101 -78.9
473 584 1
SLB 1550
948
4002 -56.0 -71.2 -85.4
-79.1
501 618
XST 3307
617
409 933 -70.3 -84.4 4004 -86.1
-55.0
-48.8 -56.7 501 618
1 -70.3 -84.4
1101
2207
-86.1
-86.1
XST2 XST2 3801

4324 4104 -77.2
SLB H1 5173
2468
-91.0
4902 -87.8 1
1564
1133
1133
-68.8
-83.1
-83.1
XST1 H1 30567
379
379
379
15677
-116.6
0
0.0
0
0.0
1576
4901 -112.7
-85.3
-85.3
-85.3
-84.8
1 2 3 4
988
988
4329
4329
4329
XST2 H1 41108
17079
-115.7
-108.5
-108.5
-108.6
-108.6
-108.6
4903 -105.7 1 2 3 4 5
738 611
-81.6 -71.1
12234
-98.8
12234
-98.8
926 1344 1341 854 1 2 738 611
-75.9 -79.0 -74.7 -83.1 -81.6 -71.1
541
-86.8
541
-86.8
733
-67.6
733
-67.6
21758 -73.0 4102 -77.0 4121 -78.8 4317 4117 -78.1 4110 -77.2 4106 -77.1
0
0
18
18
40
307
307
0.0
423
650
650
0.0
1063
1063
-82.6
-82.6
-82.6
-78.2
-78.2
-69.9
-86.9
-86.9
-72.2
-72.2
PSG 2688 BSOK 6768

4304 -79.9 4501 -70.3
1372
-59.5
1393
-59.5
2997
-59.5
4951
-90.8
10595
-113.2
11863
-114.4
1441
-85.9
4001 -58.8 4021 -90.8 4907 -108.1 4937 -108.8 4006 -85.9
679
0
0
-67.0 HLPGN H2 21911
0.0
0.0
11863
-114.4
6609
4938 -108.8
-99.9
10173
BBOUN 2823
1073
-81.1
1073
-81.1
-102.2
4118 -80.4 1 1
1 1
0
1
10173
PSG 4106 BSOK
0.0
339
339
2487
-88.4
847
-66.4
847
-66.4
-102.2
4116 -79.5 2 4114
-78.2
-78.2
ATP 1397
4107 -78.5
0
BBOUN 4558 1
0.0
4558
-89.5
4018 -89.5
0 698
0.0 -78.5
1 ATP 2124
2124
-59.6
0 698 4007 -59.6

0.0 -78.5
TKO 2276 NK3 XXOU
753
-81.0
753
-81.0
4103 -80.6 4112 4111
771
0.0
1
-80.0
10185
-118.0
4236
-88.2
4904 -113.7 4003 -88.2 4941 4939
XXOU H1
6031
6031
4940
-110.0
-110.0
1 2 1 1
1
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
595 278
XNEUA 861
-63.4
595 -65.4
0
-63.4 -65.4
861
0.0
419 585
-61.1
BNEUA 767 XAI 2303
3106 -65.5 3104 -49.7
-63.1 -57.5 963 929
LNTHA 1033
0
0
0
3103 -64.4 1758 1556 -99.8 -72.2
0.0
767
556
556
0.0
0.0
0
-63.8 -63.8 963 929
-65.5
-62.7
-62.7
XNEUA 2675
0.0
2675
-67.3
1421 0 462 1238 3012 -67.3 -99.8 -72.2
1
0
-63.7 0.0 -68.0 -63.5
ND 3926 LPB 3954 NMO 4061 EVN 4141
0.0
1014 -71.1 1104 -63.1 1151 -86.0 5101 -89.2
BNEUA 1799 XAI 6398
1799
-76.1
3199
-71.4
3199
-71.4
3001 -76.1 3004 -71.4
12
12
LNTHA 2973 1
126
0
0
1121
1119
2427
3003 -72.7
-73.2
-75.9
-75.9
-74.2
-73.9
PSV 4291
0.0
0.0
0 2973
0
0.0
-102.1
1111 -64.2
NBENG 2737
0.0 -72.7
365
-66.5
365
-66.5
0
0
1140 -66.1 1
0.0
0.0
0
1 1
1 PSL XNG 3854 ND H1 39604 LPB 8277
467
467
0.0
30154
-113.4
4076
-73.6
4076
-73.6
3002 1116 -63.7 1906 -110.9 1007 -73.6
-67.0
-67.0
VPKHA
0
3107 3800 124 1460 1036
NMO H2 34347
0.0
17247
-121.2
-71.0 -72.9 -61.1 -69.5
1555
9564
1033 0 1949 -112.5
-63.3
2 PSV 5498
-103.2
3004
-73.7
2493
-73.7
-64.4 0.0 54 1023 1291 459 1630 1017 -73.7 1176 771
4.
0
0.0
9975
-106.2
2622
-77.5
3105 1 -63.7 1943 -102.3 1040 -77.5 -6 -61.0 -67.9
1 -69.9 -62.6 -72.9 -59.6
17497
NPOT 3156 NMO H1 34411

17230
-121.1
-103.9
1023 1291 459 1630 1135 -66.5 1948 -112.5

NBEN H2 17233
9975
-106.2
-61.0 -67.9 -69.9 -62.6
7313
1950 -102.3
-97.0
VPKHA PK 6756 NG4B 5765 NG4A 5079 1
533
544
-67.5
3007 1 1127 -67.0 1134 -66.2 1124 -65.6
-67.5
17561
1
-104.1
7313
913 1826 559 1957
-97.0
962
962
-62.6 -69.9 -62.3 -66.4 1
1155
1167
2 1 2
-77.1
-77.1
-63.4
-63.0
NAMO
3005 913 1826 559 1957
11341
-105.6
-62.6 -69.9 -62.3 -66.4 1938 -102.2 1126
BKEO 1005 VV 6237 NG5 5730
1099
-59.7
1099
-59.7
3101 -64.2 1103 -68.5 1143 -67.8
NG4B H 40157 NG4A H1 38653
0
0
0
22690
-103.8
20980
-103.0
2715
2715
2715
1005 0 1937 -99.3 1909 -98.4
-97.5
-97.5
-97.5
HSA LG 25013 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
-64.2 0.0
13086
-96.6
1105
1301
1301
1043
1043
1956 -100.2 1 2 3
-69.1
-78.5
-78.5
-64.0
-64.0
5877
5877
5877
5940
5940
5940
1142 1072
-93.4
-93.4
-93.4
-93.0
-93.0
-93.0
HSA 9000 NBAK2 6284
1502 -74.2 -66.2 -65.0 1138 -75.0
1 2 3 1 2 3
11982
-104.2
BKEO 2939 VV 6515 NG5 L NG5 H2 37123
792
792
792
2939
-71.2
3261
-51.6
3253
-51.6
21373
-105.3
1961
1961
3011 -71.2 1006 -51.6 1043 1947 -100.5
-70.0
-70.0
-70.0
-78.0
-78.0
0
HSA LG 2683 NG5 H1 37123
0.0
837
-66.6
21373
-105.3
1156 -66.3 1946 -100.5
15929
-94.0
HSA 2 NBA2 H1 31482 NBA2 H3 31482
1 1
923
923
19268
-112.4
19268
-112.4
1141 1 1940 -107.5 1942 -107.5 542 1386
-66.1
-66.1
15929
-94.0
5371 3017 -74.9 -77.3
1 NBA2 H2 31482
19268
-112.4
2522 0 -74.9 -71.1 1941 -107.5 542 1386
12389
12389
HSA 2692
417
-66.6
417
-66.6
-100.0
-100.0
1123 -66.2 -73.1 0.0 1243 834 -74.9 -77.3
1 3 NSANE 4031
0
-67.1 -80.2 1137 -77.3
12389
TLT 9171
0.0
715
570
-50.5
671
-59.9
671
-59.9
-100.0
1102 -73.6 1243 834 1764 1828 2
-65.9
-67.1 -80.2 -70.3 -73.9
1259
-77.4
1009
1011
9345 517 6336 3534
-86.0
-85.6
-74.6 -72.8 -76.3 -71.4
HSA 4557 98 NG12 9862 NGL1 9862 NG345 9862 NLEK 9060
946
-67.7
946
-67.7
1023 -74.5 11 4.5 1114 -74.5 1113 -74.5 1101 -74.5 1110 -74.3
-6 NSAN H 37553
0 4557
0
0
17941
-115.2
1939 -111.1
TLT
0.0 -74.5
258
259
0.0
733
876
876
582
582
0.0
867
856
1095
1093
1016
-72.7
-72.8
-79.0
-78.9
-73.7
-81.8
-81.8
-72.7
-72.7
-81.9
-82.1
6566
6566
6566
1
-107.4
-107.4
-107.4
XYBR 2236 BD 2522 1 2 3

1117 -64.2 1120 -73.1
0
0 1039
0
0
13011
-117.8
3093
-88.2
22966
-116.6
14838
-115.9
2289
-86.4
1 1901 -114.7 1011 -88.2 1904 -113.1 1908 -110.7 1031 -86.4
0.0
0.0 -63.9
0.0
0.0
4387
-73.0
13088
-117.8
23034
-116.6
23953
-116.7
14838
-115.9
1259
-69.1
1244
-69.3
3413
9673
1105 -75.8 1902 -114.7 1903 -113.1 1905 -112.7 1907 -110.7 1112 -76.0
19292
0
-102.7
-108.9
-102.7
0
1 4 1
1
0.0
966
641
641
0.0
1815
3415
9673
-82.6
19294
10477
-84.5
-84.1
-84.1
-76.6
3016
-85.9
-102.8
-109.0
-103.7
-102.7
1018 -76.6 1118 1019 -85.9 20 3 2957 5 2
0
0.0 -69.3
NM3 6245
0.0 2936
1672
-72.2
1672
-72.2
0 3187 1131 -74.3

PS 7427 PX 5435
7427
-87.1
5435
-89.4
1008 -87.1 0.0 -77.4 1015 -89.4

1 1 NXT 8100 TGNE 6128
375
375
0
1
1077
1077
1146 -73.4 1107 -73.5

-78.2
-78.2
-76.3
-76.3
11426 NBG
0.0
0
0
0
0
-71.8 1501
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2818
2818
-76.2
-76.2
1
1
NHAI 1355 NM3 H1 16360
1355
-73.3
10696
-119.3
1115 -73.3 1910 -115.4
0
NM3 H2 16360
0.0
10696
-119.3
5734
1911 -115.4
6561
-87.8
6561
-87.8
6021
-86.4
6021
-86.4
-108.2
9521 0 1046 -87.8 1009 -86.4 1 1142
0
0
-73.1 0.0
5734
PT12 9521 PT34 9521
0.0
0.0
1015
-70.4
1017
-70.0
954
-65.9
954
-65.9
-108.2
1119 -73.1 1108 -73.1

825
2509
0
0
0
0
1125 -64.3 1012 -83.8 2 1122 1129 1130
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
0 -64.3
0 -83.8
1445
-79.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
1249 1374
-74.2 -71.4
1 1249 1374
PT 19277
4888
-85.4
4888
-85.4
4751
-85.4
4751
-85.4
1001 -85.4 -74.2 -71.4
1349
-41.1
1235
-41.1
0
1530
-72.9
1530
-72.9
1025 -41.1 1583 3427 1150 -72.2 1022 1029 1030
0.0
0
0
0
0
0
-69.3 -67.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
XNK
1013 1
1 DNS TTL TNL 5915 1 1 1
1002 1004 1109 -70.2
0
0
0
LKX 17103
0.0
0.0
0.0
4276
-80.1
4276
-80.1
4276
-80.1
4276
-80.1
1050 -80.1
1
0
0.0
1 1
TKK 7301
614
-71.9
614
-71.9
2101 -76.3
SSK SPL TNL 14155
3539
-82.8
5308
-82.8
5308
-82.8
1003 1005 1010 -82.8 1

0
0.0
2598 3106
1 -79.3 -71.8
1 1
UD2 14937 UD1 12248 NK 8636 BKN 4688

1075
-70.6
3633
-72.8
21766 -78.4 21765 -76.6 21742 -74.3 21705 -75.3
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
1112 -76.0
GMINE
2105
641
641
-84.1
-84.1
NT2 4749 NT5
2106 -81.8 2108
563
817
817
0.0
-76.2
-84.5
-84.5
729 1278
GLDMN
-78.9 -81.2 2005
729 1278
NT2 H1 28977 NT2 L 2905 NT5 H1
16571
-122.8
2905
-95.5
1601 1801 -78.9 -81.2 2901 -119.2 2006 -95.5 2922
-74.5 -77.4
NT2 H2 28977 NT5 H2
16571
-122.8
1601 1801 2902 -119.2 2923 1 1
12480
-114.5
-74.5 -77.4
1 1
NN 7387 TKK 7301 1
614
-71.9
21728 -76.6 2101 -76.3
12480
0
0
0 -71.9
0
-114.5
2 2
XBT 2553 XPON 2757
0.0
0.0
0.0 614
0.0
510
510
2109 -79.9 2104 -78.4
-74.3
-74.3
0 1782
0
0
SVN 11649
0.0 -81.4
0.0
0.0
2502 -74.6 773 739 582 532
-76.3 -82.4 -72.4 -84.9
NN 14257 TKK 19227
4807
-86.9
4807
-86.9
4807
-86.9
21770 -92.2 2001 -86.9 582 532
0 4807
-72.4 -84.9
0.0 -86.9
5596
-89.2
3054
-84.4
4581
-84.4
2009 -89.2 2004 -84.4 4120 4119 4108 -80.3
0
0
0
SVN
0.0
0.0
815
815
0.0
1 2107
-77.4
-77.4
694 865 1
1 1
-74.7 -83.0

11751
-117.6
2632
-88.3
2197 2220 4936 -112.3 4008 -88.3

-75.2 -76.4
864
-77.3
864
-77.3
11751
-117.6
6376
6376
21726 -74.2 2102 -74.7 2103 -76.1 4113 4944 -112.3
0
0
0
0
0
-107.4
-107.4
SRV 3421 1 2
1
0.0
0.0
0.0
625
625
0.0
0.0
6376
6376
711 1150 4105 -69.9
-64.3
-64.3
0
-107.4
-107.4
-69.1 -83.0
3 4
0.0
474 1199 519 847
711 1150 -60.6 -73.6 -61.5 -73.2
4744
-86.7
4744
-86.7
4744
-86.7
4020
-89.8
4020
-89.8
2002 -86.7 -69.1 -83.0 2003 -89.8 4943 474 1199 519 847
0
0
-60.6 -73.6 -61.5 -73.2
XDON2 H1 SRV 4817
0.0
0.0
4817
-78.5
4942 4005 -78.5
2
1 1
XST1 4025
1 4101 -71.1
480 684 1
SLB 1546
965
4002 -51.6 -64.5 -75.8
-72.3
508 724
XST 3345
626
415 920 -63.6 -74.9 4004 -78.8
-50.7
-44.5 -52.2 508 724
1 -63.6 -74.9
1113
2232
-78.8
-78.8
XST2 XST2 3802

4324 4104 -76.3
SLB H1 5176
2434
-86.5
4902 -83.4 1
1567
1131
1131
-67.9
-82.1
-82.1
XST1 H1 31746
384
384
384
16538
-109.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
1598
4901 -105.5
-81.0
-81.0
-81.0
-80.5
1 2 3 4
1009
1009
4418
4418
4418
XST2 H1 41131
17046
-114.8
-101.6
-101.6
-101.7
-101.7
-101.7
4903 -104.8 1 2 3 4 5
776 622
-73.1 -64.1
12259
-97.9
12259
-97.9
975 1344 1444 863 1 2 776 622
-67.1 -78.6 -65.5 -82.8 -73.1 -64.1
548
-87.5
548
-87.5
735
-66.8
735
-66.8
21758 -70.4 4102 -72.0 4121 -70.8 4317 4117 -77.2 4110 -69.5 4106 -69.3
0
0
0
18
19
39
681
681
0.0
0.0
424
662
662
0.0
1061
1061
-78.6
-78.6
-78.6
-57.6
-57.6
-69.1
-86.0
-86.0
-65.2
-65.2
PSG 2688 BSOK 7019

4304 -78.9 4501 -71.1
1373
-55.1
1394
-55.1
2963
-55.1
4229
-80.8
4229
-80.8
10583
-112.3
12079
-106.9
1445
-78.6
4001 -54.4 4021 -80.8 4907 -107.3 4937 -101.5 4006 -78.6
681
0
0
-66.3 HLPGN H2 22320
0.0
0.0
12079
-106.9
6626
4938 -101.5
-99.1
10356
-95.2
BBOUN 3828
1074
-79.0
1074
-79.0
4118 -69.6 1 1
1 1
0
1
10356
-95.2
PSG 4107 BSOK
0.0
347
347
2483
-87.5
849
-65.6
849
-65.6
4116 -78.6 2 4114
-67.0
-67.0
ATP 3023
4107 -65.3
0
BBOUN 4976 1
319
319
0.0
516
516
4976
-78.8
4018 -78.8
-58.7
-58.7
-56.4
-56.4
533 695
-52.0 -74.9
1 ATP 2524
2524
-42.5
533 695 4007 -42.5

-52.0 -74.9
TKO 2715 NK3 2647 XXOU 2760
962
-69.2
962
-69.2
989
-66.0
989
-66.0
794
-68.9
794
-68.9
4103 -69.1 4112 -64.4 4111 -64.5
791
0.0
673
591
591
-68.7
-59.6
-58.6
-58.6
TKO H1 23955 TKO 4488 NK3 H 21944 XXOU H1 20475
11650
-106.9
4488
-77.0
11548
-101.9
11354
-101.4
4904 -102.7 4003 -77.0 4941 -96.0 4939 -95.7
XXOU H1 20475
11354
-101.4
6183
6183
9247
4940 -95.7
-98.7
-98.7
10521
-89.6
-88.6
1 2 1 1
1
9247
-88.6
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
132 25
XNEUA
-123.3
132 40.9
25 3102
-123.3 40.9
BNEUA XAI 263
3106 3104 -123.3 54 459
LNTHA
0
3103 41.4 -120.9
0.0
XNEUA
1 3012
ND 1058 LPB 411 NMO EVN 2510

1014 -109.5 1104 -118.8 1151 5101 -90.0
BNEUA XAI 97
97
-62.4
0
3001 3004 -62.4
LNTHA 1
0.0
0
1058
2510
3003
-90.0
PSV 491
0.0
-109.5
1111 -122.6
NBENG
0
1140 1
0.0
491
1 1
1 PSL XNG 447 ND H1 18615 LPB 91
0
0.0
91
-122.6
3002 1116 -118.3 1906 -144.4 1007 -30.6
VPKHA
0 -30.6
3107 0 0
NMO H2
513
0.0
0.0 0.0 1949
18615
16 PSV 91
-121.0
-144.4
91
-51.8
1 1017 -51.8
NAMO NBEN H1 NBENG L .8
3105 1 1943 1040 41 1
NPOT NMO H1
1135 1948
NBEN H2
1950
VPKHA PK NG4B NG4A 1
3007 1 1127 1134 1124
1
2 1 1 2
NAMO
3005
1 1 NPOT H NHET
1938 1126
BKEO VV 2139 NG5
101
40.8
3101 1103 -122.8 1143
NG4B H NG4A H1
0
1937 1909
HSA LG 1
995
622
622
0.0
1956 1 2 3
-120.6
-125.9
-125.9
HSA NBAK2
1502 1 2 3 1 2 3 1138
BKEO VV 92 NG5 L NG5 H2
92
-23.8
3011 1006 -23.8 1043 1947
0
HSA LG NG5 H1
0.0
1156 1946

1 1
1141 1 1940 1942
5637 1 71
NBA2 H2
1516 12 -125.3 -103.7 1941
HSA
1123 -124.1 47.3 73 1 3 NSANE
-115.5 1137
TLT 5899
35
47.5
22
42.8
22
42.8
1102 -125.0 73 458 855 2
-115.5 -116.8 -116.8
352
6197 1793 6132 1859
-122.6
-125.7 -127.0 -126.0 -126.1
HSA 7 NG12 7990 NGL1 7990 NG345 7990 NLEK 3950
20
50.8
1023 32 21.9 1114 -126.0 1113 -126.0 1101 -126.0 1110 -126.1
-1 NSAN H
0
0
1939
TLT
894
900
0.0
0.0
145
1824
1817
1897
1637
1637
44.2
1016
-127.0
-127.0
-127.0
-127.0
-127.0
-129.0
-129.0
1
XYBR 327 BD 1506 1 2 3
1117 -121.9 1120 -124.0
0
0
0
0.0
100
-50.3
0
0.0
0
0.0
92
-49.4
1 1901 -163.7 1011 -50.3 1904 -161.9 1908 -159.7 1031 -49.4
10
0.0
0.0
43.6
2798
-124.7
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
1210
-128.9
6547
1105 -124.6 1902 -163.7 1903 -161.9 1905 -162.2 1907 -159.7 1112 -124.9
28682
14691
0
-163.7
-161.9
-159.7
2
0
1 4 1
1
0.0
733
127
127
0.0
6555
39.3
35.9
35.9
28701
17932
14691
XBR 90 NAMP BDON 91
-62.0
91
-124.2
-163.7
-161.9
-162.2
-159.7
1018 -62.0 1118 1019 -50.7 22 3 2116 5 2
0
0 -50.7
42.6 -124.8
NM3 2917
0.0 90
0.0
1131 -127.9
PS 100 PX 100
100
-51.8
100
-55.2
1008 -51.8 1015 -55.2

1 NXT 3000
TGNE 2116
247
247
0
1274
-125.5
1 1
1217
1217
1146 -125.8
1107 -124.8
NBG
0.0
0
-130.1
-130.1
-116.9
-116.9
1501
.1
.1
0.0
6
6
6
2
26
1728
-1 65
-1 65
1
-126.0
1
NHAI 804 NM3 H1 9420
804
-123.9
0
0.0
1115 -123.9 1910 -166.0
0
NM3 H2 9420
0.0
0
0.0
9420
1911 -166.0
NXT TGNE 100 NBONG
100
-55.4
-166.0
3554 0 1046 1009 -55.4 1 1142

0
-126.0 0.0
9420
PT12 3554 PT34 3554

0.0
1116
-125.4
-166.0
1119 -126.0 1108 -126.0

PLAY NHAI 92 NAKH THPC KM20
92
0
0
0
1125 1012 -51.3 2 1122 1129 1130
12
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0 -51.3
42.7
0.0
625 462
-127.7 -121.3
1 625 462
PT 251
84
-56.2
84
-56.2
84
-56.2
1001 -56.2 -127.7 -121.3
PLAY LKX 2552 NAKH THPC KM20
0
816
-128.9
816
-128.9
1025 1123 1366 1150 -126.1 1022 1029 1030
0.0
0
0
-126.7 -121.1
0.0
0.0
XNK
1013 1
1 DNS TTL TNL 2612 1 1 1
1002 1004 1109 -124.2
0
0
LKX 200
0.0
0.0
100
-57.4
100
-57.4
1050 -57.4
1
0
0.0
1 1
TKK 352
252
-129.3
252
-129.3
2101 -123.1
SSK SPL TNL 168
84
-58.1
84
-57.8
1003 1005 1010 -58.0 1

0
0.0
4 1707
1 42.7 -128.0
1 1
UD2 855 UD1 0 NK 1707 BKN 849

855
-128.5
849
-125.6
21766 -128.5 21765 0.0 21742 -128.0 21705 -125.6
THE STUDY ON MASTER PLAN (JICA) Figure 6.8-12(a) Results of One Phase to Ground Fault Current Analysis in 2005
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
R L-G FLT ALL BUSES 3*I0 AMPS POLAR SAT, NOV 03 2001 14:00 (Base Plan, Generation: Rated Capacity)
1112 -124.9
GMINE
2105
127
127
35.9
35.9
NT2 292 NT5
2106 -124.0 2108
16
0.0
37.0
24 153
GLDMN
37.2 -124.9 2005
24 153
NT2 H1 NT2 L 98 NT5 H1
98
-58.6
174 2 37.2 -124.9 2901 2006 -58.6 2922
-122.9 37.4
NT2 H2 NT5 H2
174 2 2902 2923 1 1
-122.9 37.4
1 1
NN 348 TKK 352 1
252
-129.3
252
-129.3
21728 -122.9 2101 -123.1
0
0
2 2
54
54
XBT 250 XPON 163
0.0
0.0
36.7
36.7
2109 -124.8 2104 -129.1
0 250
0
SVN
0.0 -124.8
0.0
2502
NN 0 TKK 191
96
-61.2
96
-61.2
21769 0.0 2001 -61.2
0
0.0
98
-58.8
96
-67.5
2009 -58.8 2004 -67.5 4120 4119 4108
0
0
SVN
0.0
0.0
1 2107
38 163 1
1 1
33.4 -129.1
XPON H1 XPON-G L
260 3 4936 4008
-125.8 34.9
164
-129.1
164
-129.1
21726 -125.8 2102 -125.5 2103 -127.1 4113 4944
0
0
0
0
SRV 1 2
1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4105
3 4
58 259
94
-65.8
94
-65.8
92
-32.1
92
-32.1
2002 -65.8 34.7 -129.9 2003 -32.1 4943
0
0
XDON2 H1 SRV
0.0
0.0
4942 4005
2
1 1
XST1 1831
1 4101 -118.5
970 24 1
SLB 1817
-118.2 60.8
1855
4002 -92.1
-118.5
XST 174
1817
0 0 4004 -38.6
-92.1
0.0 0.0
87
87
1
-39.0
-38.3
XST2 XST2 3958

4324 4104 -114.7
SLB H1 3921
0
0.0
4902 -124.8 1
240
240
3483
XST1 H1 17659
548
548
548
-115.9
-106.1
-106.1
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
2276
4901 -149.2
-124.8
-124.8
-124.8
-124.8
1 2 3 4
1166
1166
5109
5109
5109
XST2 H1 32042
0
0.0
-149.2
-149.2
-149.2
-149.2
-149.2
4903 -143.5 1 2 3 4 5
16021
16021
-143.5
-143.5
762 14 988 13 1 2
-122.0 48.7 -119.8 51.0
SRD 762 BYO 974 LKP 920 XST3 XST3 3323 HLPGN SK
1191
-114.2
1191
-114.2
21758 -122.0 4102 -119.7 4121 -117.5 4317 4117 -113.6 4110 4106
0
0
0
19
19
0.0
0.0
0.0
471
471
50.8
50.8
-112.1
-112.1
PSG 1887 BSOK

4304 -115.3 4501
BYO 276 LKP XST3 H1 HLPGN H1 SK
89
-19.4
89
-19.4
97
-19.1
4001 -19.3 4021 4907 4937 4006
734
0
HLPGN H2
0.0
-116.2
4938
BBOUN 643
332
-118.7
332
-118.7
4118 -118.3 1 1
1 1
0
1
11
11
PSG 3158 BSOK
0.0
1637
-115.4
761
-113.5
761
-113.5
49.9
49.9
4116 -114.5 2 4114
ATP
4107
BBOUN 99 1
99
-45.3
4018 -45.3
1 ATP
4007
TKO 486 NK3 XXOU
243
-118.3
243
-118.3
4103 -118.3 4112 4111
0
0.0
1
TKO H1 TKO 99 NK3 H XXOU H1
99
-45.8
4904 4003 -45.8 4941 4939
XXOU H1
4940
1 2 1 1
1
THE STUDY ON MASTER PLAN (JICA) Figure 6.8-12(b) Results of One Phase to Ground Fault Current Analysis in 2005
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
234 150
XNEUA
-58.6
234 -61.9
150 3102
-58.6 -61.9
317 431
BNEUA 424 XAI 1219
3106 -59.3 3104 -65.6
-59.3 -57.4 305 671
LNTHA 564
0
0
3103 -59.3 856 828 -79.9 -82.3
0.0
424
395
395
0.0
0
-61.2 -63.0 305 671
-59.3
-60.3
-60.3
XNEUA
0.0
797 40 214 498 3012 -79.9 -82.3
1
-59.6 108.0 -62.1 -63.3
ND 1264 LPB 2056 NMO 4830 EVN 4006
1014 -75.4 1104 -61.8 1151 -86.0 5101 -88.4
BNEUA 100 XAI 100
100
10.4
100
12.7
0
3001 10.4 3004 12.7
LNTHA 99 1
0.0
0
0
1264
2111
2111
2674
3003 11.8
-75.4
-86.9
-86.9
-91.5
PSV 492
0.0
0.0
0 99
1111 -79.4
NBENG 2935
0.0 11.8
47
-48.2
47
-48.2
0
1140 -60.5 1
0.0
492
0
1 1
-79.4
1 PSL XNG 2021 ND H1 19156 LPB 100
0.0
0
0.0
100
9.9
1097
1097
3002 1116 -62.0 1906 -105.5 1007 9.9
-63.0
-63.0
VPKHA
0
3107 0 0
NMO H2 25062
624
0.0
0
0.0
564 9 0.0 0.0 1949 -112.7
-63.0
19156
2 PSV 91
-105.5
91
-9.6
-59.3 107.8 54 1017 -9.6
2.
21
107.8
0
0.0
100
18.0
3105 1 -59.1 1943 -93.4 1040 18.0 -6 1
25062
NPOT NMO H1 25069

0
0.0
-112.7
1135 1948 -112.7

NBEN H2 11414
0
0.0
1950 -93.4
11414
-93.4
VPKHA PK 3605 NG4B NG4A 1
268
-62.5
3007 1 1127 -65.7 1134 1124
25069
1
-112.7
1229 203
11414
-93.4
334
334
-67.2 -55.6 1
2 1 2
-62.9
-62.9
NAMO
3005 1229 203
1 1 NPOT H NHET
-67.2 -55.6 1938 1126
BKEO VV 3385 NG5 5044
453
-70.9
453
-70.9
3101 1103 -69.1 1143 -67.3
NG4B H NG4A H1
0
0
1937 1909
HSA LG 18360 1
962
602
602
0.0
0.0
2324
2324
1956 -92.5 1 2 3
-65.8
-71.2
-71.2
-68.3
-68.3
0 18360
716 656
HSA 7286 NBAK2
0.0 -92.5
1502 -79.3 -54.6 -53.8 1138
1 2 3 1 2 3
BKEO VV 183 NG5 L NG5 H2 23928
91
33.3
91
33.3
0
0.0
3011 1006 33.3 1043 1947 -98.7
HSA LG 2848 NG5 H1 23928
2004
-63.4
0
0.0
1156 -60.4 1946 -98.7
23928
-98.7
1 1
426
426
1141 1 1940 1942
-53.3
-53.3
23928
-98.7
6249 1 472
NBA2 H2
1558 13 -76.7 -66.3 1941
HSA 2836
979
-63.3
979
-63.3
1123 -60.3 -74.1 95.8 838 88 1 3 NSANE
0
-80.8 -68.2 1137
TLT 7184
0.0
171
249
-67.5
155
-72.9
155
-72.9
1102 -76.1 838 88 544 944 2
-50.4
-80.8 -68.2 -69.0 -73.8
392
7574 2073 7112 2535
-73.9
-77.8 -79.6 -78.5 -77.2
HSA 101 0 NG12 9646 NGL1 9646 NG345 9646 NLEK 5617
22
93.9
1023 18.7 56 8.3 1114 -78.2 1113 -78.2 1101 -78.2 1110 -82.0
-5 NSAN H
0 101
0
0
1939
96
96
TLT
0.0 18.7
0.0
440
440
0.0
1033
1040
2109
2101
2193
1823
1823
1016
-79.6
-79.6
-79.6
-79.6
-79.6
-77.2
-77.2
-85.9
-85.9
-71.5
-71.5
1
XYBR 1517 BD 1548 1 2 3
979
-60.1
1117 -59.3 1120 -74.0
0
0
0
0.0
100
-1.4
0
0.0
0
0.0
92
-6.6
1 1901 -114.6 1011 -1.4 1904 -113.1 1908 -116.7 1031 -6.6
22
10
0.0
0.0
93.5
108.6
3067
-76.3
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
895
-83.7
895
-83.7
6605
1105 -76.2 1902 -114.6 1903 -113.1 1905 -113.3 1907 -116.7 1112 -83.4
29317
15247
0
-114.6
-113.1
-116.7
2
0
1 4 1
1
0.0
788
211
211
0.0
6614
85.0
-75.8
29339
18309
15247
-82.0
-82.0
XBR 92 NAMP BDON 92
13.4
92
-0.6
-114.6
-113.1
-113.3
-116.7
1018 13.4 1118 1019 -0.6 23 3 1419 5 2
0
88.6 -78.8
NM3 4592
0.0 92
516
-77.1
516
-77.1
3 1444 1131 -82.8

PS 101 PX 100
101
-2.0
100
-10.8
1008 -2.0 87.5 -81.2 1015 -10.8

1 1 NXT 3575 TGNE 2863
299
299
0
1
1490
1490
1146 -80.4 1107 -80.0

-86.6
-86.6
-73.6
-73.6
2185 NBG
0.0
0
0
0
-76.0 1501
952
952
0.0
0.0
0.0
-80.1
-80.1
1
1
NHAI 804 NM3 H1 9706
804
-73.8
0
0.0
1115 -73.8 1910 -119.2
0
NM3 H2 9706
0.0
0
0.0
9706
1911 -119.2
101
-7.2
101
-7.2
101
-8.3
-119.2
3878 0 1046 -7.2 1009 -8.3 1 1142
0
0
-81.1 0.0
9706
PT12 3878 PT34 3878
0.0
0.0
1206
-80.8
710
-81.5
710
-81.5
-119.2
1119 -81.1 1108 -81.1

493
-58.9
91
0
0
0
1125 -58.9 1012 -1.2 2 1122 1129 1130
13
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
0 -1.2
87.2
0.0
0.0
758 538
-82.6 -77.5
1 758 538
PT 254
85
-10.2
85
-10.2
85
-10.2
1001 -10.2 -82.6 -77.5
100
41.5
0
1074
-83.3
1074
-83.3
1025 41.5 1268 1531 1150 -81.4 1022 1029 1030
0.0
0
0
0
0
-81.1 -77.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
XNK
1013 1
1 DNS TTL TNL 3044 1 1 1
1002 1004 1109 -79.8
0
0
LKX 302
0.0
0.0
101
-10.1
101
-10.1
101
-10.1
1050 -10.1
1
0
0.0
1 1
TKK 2430
245
-83.7
245
-83.7
2101 -85.0
SSK SPL TNL 184
84
-11.1
100
-10.7
1003 1005 1010 -10.9 1

0
0.0
4 1759
1 87.2 -85.3
1 1
UD2 879 UD1 0 NK 1759 BKN 1660

879
-86.4
1660
-84.2
21766 -86.4 21765 0.0 21742 -85.3 21705 -84.2
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
1112 -83.4
GMINE
2105
211
211
-82.0
-82.0
NT2 4497 NT5
2106 -85.3 2108
5
0
0.0
94.0
2151
2151
-85.9
-85.9
817 102
GLDMN
-86.0 -72.1 2005
817 102
NT2 H1 19135 NT2 L 101 NT5 H1
0
0.0
101
-8.8
1096 1 -86.0 -72.1 2901 -119.8 2006 -8.8 2922
-85.1 83.3
NT2 H2 19135 NT5 H2
0
0.0
1096 1 2902 -119.8 2923 1 1
19135
-119.8
-85.1 83.3
1 1
NN 2192 TKK 2430 1
245
-83.7
245
-83.7
21728 -85.1 2101 -85.0
19135
0
0
-119.8
2 2
XBT 1300 XPON 435
0.0
0.0
155
155
2109 -82.9 2104 -87.5
-81.8
-81.8
0 1300
0
SVN 7506
0.0 -82.9
0.0
2502 -73.1
NN 0 TKK 199
100
-13.8
100
-13.8
21770 0.0 2001 -13.8
0
0.0
100
-9.7
99
-21.0
2009 -9.7 2004 -21.0 4120 4119 4108
0
0
SVN
0.0
0.0
1 2107
32 435 1
1 1
82.2 -87.5
XPON H1 XPON-G L
1103 3 4936 4008
-87.3 80.9
437
-86.9
437
-86.9
21726 -87.3 2102 -86.2 2103 -84.6 4113 4944
0
0
0
0
SRV 2566 1 2
1
0.0
0.0
278
278
0.0
0.0
234 335 4105 -74.1
-85.1
-85.1
0
-85.0 -84.9
3 4
0.0
232 828 455 301
234 335 -68.7 -74.8 -72.7 -69.9
100
-17.6
100
-17.6
91
13.6
91
13.6
2002 -17.6 -85.0 -84.9 2003 13.6 4943 232 828 455 301
0
0
-68.7 -74.8 -72.7 -69.9
XDON2 H1 SRV 100
0.0
0.0
100
2.9
4942 4005 2.9
2
1 1
XST1 3691
1 4101 -77.3
771 160 1
SLB 1840
-77.9 -67.1
2891
4002 -52.9
-79.8
459 95
XST 179
-78.5 -67.8
1840
0 0 4004 3.1
-52.9
0.0 0.0 459 95
90
90
2.8
3.4
1 -78.5 -67.8
XST2 XST2 4398
4324 4104 -75.6
SLB H1 3942
0
0.0
4902 -85.6 1
475
475
3453
-77.1
-70.3
-70.3
XST1 H1 22107
551
551
551
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
2289
4901 -110.0
-85.6
-85.6
-85.6
-85.6
1 2 3 4
1459
1459
6396
6396
6396
XST2 H1 32972
0
0.0
-110.0
-110.0
-110.0
-110.0
-110.0
4903 -104.4 1 2 3 4 5
157 1033
-63.9 -73.6
16486
16486
-104.4
-104.4
1175 10 2032 12 1 2 157 1033
-83.2 90.2 -79.3 92.2 -63.9 -73.6
114
-73.0
114
-73.0
1013
-73.8
1013
-73.8
21758 -83.2 4102 -79.2 4121 -77.5 4317 4117 -75.6 4110 -73.8 4106 -72.7
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
323
323
0.0
400
400
0.0
1257
1452
1452
-77.6
-77.6
-81.0
-71.7
-71.7
-74.9
-74.9
PSG 2037 BSOK 5171

4304 -77.7 4501 -66.4
89
20.1
89
20.1
97
20.5
99
-2.4
0
0.0
0
0.0
92
3.5
4001 20.2 4021 -2.4 4907 -106.2 4937 -105.1 4006 3.5
890
0
0
-78.9 HLPGN H2 15768
0.0
0.0
0
0.0
4938 -105.1
10879
15768
BBOUN 1908
423
-76.6
423
-76.6
-106.2
-105.1
4118 -77.6 1 1
1 1
0
1
15768
PSG 3512 BSOK
0.0
531
531
1613
-76.6
949
-75.2
949
-75.2
-105.1
4116 -75.8 2 4114
-78.4
-78.4
ATP
4107
BBOUN 100 1
100
-1.9
4018 -1.9
1 ATP
4007
TKO 2408 NK3 XXOU
142
-68.4
142
-68.4
4103 -78.8 4112 4111
0
0.0
1
2130
-80.1
0
0.0
100
0.3
4904 -110.8 4003 0.3 4941 4939
XXOU H1
8464
8464
4940
-110.8
-110.8
1 2 1 1
1
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
241 156
XNEUA 483
-68.9
241 -70.3
0
-68.9 -70.3
483
0.0
349 460
-71.8
BNEUA 420 XAI 1243
3106 -70.4 3104 -71.4
-69.6 -65.8 306 672
LNTHA 562
0
0
0
3103 -70.3 928 898 -79.9 -82.3
0.0
420
401
401
0.0
0.0
0
-69.5 -71.3 306 672
-70.4
-70.6
-70.6
XNEUA 99
0.0
99
-2.5
801 41 217 560 3012 -2.5 -79.9 -82.3
1
0
-70.3 97.7 -69.5 -71.5
ND 1361 LPB 2228 NMO 4831 EVN 4006
0.0
1014 -83.8 1104 -70.1 1151 -86.0 5101 -88.4
BNEUA 99 XAI 199
99
-1.7
100
1.2
100
1.2
0
0
3001 -1.7 3004 1.2
LNTHA 100 1
0.0
0.0
0
0
1361
2112
2112
2675
3003 -0.7
-83.8
-86.9
-86.9
-91.5
PSV 2752
0.0
0.0
0 100
27
97.1
1111 -72.9
NBENG 3055
0.0 -0.7
50
-58.3
50
-58.3
0
1140 -70.6 1
0.0
0
1 1
1 PSL XNG 2194 ND H1 19350 LPB 201
0.0
0
0.0
100
1.2
100
1.2
1144
1144
3002 1116 -70.4 1906 -113.8 1007 1.2
-73.2
-73.2
VPKHA
0
3107 0 0 533 903
NMO H2 25064
702
0.0
0
0.0
562 9 0.0 0.0 -69.5 -72.6 1949 -112.7
-71.2
19350
4 PSV 91
-113.8
91
0.0
-70.3 97.1 56 584 343 204 938 1017 0.0 423 414
0.
21
97.0
0
0.0
98
5.4
3105 1 -69.8 1943 -104.9 1040 5.4 -7 -72.8 -65.6
1 -66.3 -73.2 -68.7 -77.5
25064
NPOT 2833 NMO H1 25079

0
0.0
-112.7
584 343 204 938 1135 -77.2 1948 -112.8

NBEN H2 11646
0
0.0
1950 -104.9 -72.8 -65.6 -66.3 -73.2
11646
VPKHA PK 4820 NG4B 4737 NG4A 1
-104.9
272
-69.9
1891
3007 1 1127 -73.1 1134 -74.7 1124
-81.3
25079
1
-112.8
1245 368
11646
338
338
-104.9
-74.6 -64.7 1
3660
2 1 2
-70.3
-70.3
-77.3
NAMO
3005 1245 368
0
0.0
-74.6 -64.7 1938 -111.6 1126
BKEO 694 VV 3631 NG5 6021
521
-76.5
521
-76.5
3101 -67.5 1103 -74.9 1143 -74.9
NG4B H 27129 NG4A H1
0
0
0
0
0.0
4362
4362
4362
694 9 1937 -107.5 1909
HSA LG 18774 1
0.0
997
623
623
0.0
0.0
-111.6
-111.6
-111.6
-67.5 106.7
2649
2649
1956 -103.6 1 2 3
-71.8
-77.2
-77.2
-76.3
-76.3
0 18774
9043
9043
9043
744 686
HSA 7287 NBAK2
0.0 -103.6
-107.5
-107.5
-107.5
1502 -80.3 -64.8 -63.9 1138
1 2 3 1 2 3
BKEO 100 VV 185 NG5 L NG5 H2 25413
100
4.6
92
26.4
92
26.4
0
0.0
3011 4.6 1006 26.4 1043 1947 -106.8
0
HSA LG 2962 NG5 H1 25413
0.0
2082
-73.6
0
0.0
1156 -70.6 1946 -106.8
25413
-106.8
1 1
445
445
1141 1 1940 1942
-63.5
-63.5
25413
-106.8
6443 1 511
NBA2 H2
1568 13 -81.3 -70.5 1941
HSA 2950
1017
-73.5
1017
-73.5
1123 -70.5 -79.2 91.2 844 92 1 3 NSANE
0
-84.9 -72.4 1137
TLT 7445
0.0
182
274
-71.9
171
-77.3
171
-77.3
1102 -80.6 844 92 572 969 2
-60.5
-84.9 -72.4 -73.1 -77.0
405
7860 2143 7360 2643
-78.5
-82.0 -84.0 -82.8 -81.4
HSA 101 8 NG12 10002 NGL1 10002 NG345 10002 NLEK 6203
1023 6.2 58 8.1 1114 -82.5 1113 -82.5 1101 -82.5 1110 -84.7
-6 NSAN H
0 101
0
0
1939
TLT
0.0 6.2
0.0
452
452
0.0
101
101
1068
1075
2180
2171
2267
1871
1871
1016
-84.0
-84.0
-84.0
-84.0
-84.0
-80.4
-80.4
-89.1
-89.1
-74.8
-74.8
1
XYBR 1567 BD 1557 1 2 3
1002
-69.9
1117 -69.1 1120 -79.1
0
0
0
0.0
101
-6.9
0
0.0
0
0.0
92
-10.0
1 1901 -119.5 1011 -6.9 1904 -117.9 1908 -119.7 1031 -10.0
23
11
0.0
0.0
98.8
88.4
3117
-80.9
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
911
-86.6
911
-86.6
6615
1105 -80.8 1902 -119.5 1903 -117.9 1905 -118.1 1907 -119.7 1112 -86.3
29427
15504
0
-119.5
-117.9
-119.7
2
0
1 4 1
1
0.0
800
218
218
0.0
6624
81.9
-80.5
29449
18374
15504
-85.1
-85.1
XBR 92 NAMP BDON 91
2.1
91
-6.7
-119.5
-117.9
-118.1
-119.7
1018 2.1 1118 1019 -6.7 23 3 1424 5 2
0
84.5 -83.0
NM3 4753
0.0 92
542
-80.5
542
-80.5
3 1449 1131 -86.3

PS 100 PX 100
100
-7.7
100
-14.6
1008 -7.7 83.3 -85.4 1015 -14.6

1 1 NXT 3601 TGNE 2872
309
309
0
1
1536
1536
1146 -84.5 1107 -84.2

-90.2
-90.2
-77.2
-77.2
2704 NBG
0.0
0
0
0
0
-76.3 1501
959
959
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-84.2
-84.2
1
1
NHAI 804 NM3 H1 9828
804
-79.1
0
0.0
1115 -79.1 1910 -123.2
0
NM3 H2 9828
0.0
0
0.0
9828
1911 -123.2
100
-12.0
100
-12.0
100
-12.3
100
-12.3
-123.2
3911 0 1046 -12.0 1009 -12.3 1 1142
0
0
-85.1 0.0
9828
PT12 3911 PT34 3911
0.0
0.0
1216
-84.7
716
-85.5
716
-85.5
-123.2
1119 -85.1 1108 -85.1

495
-69.2
91
0
0
0
0
1125 -69.2 1012 -7.4 2 1122 1129 1130
13
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
0 -7.4
83.3
0.0
0.0
771 549
-86.6 -81.4
1 771 549
PT 355
85
-14.7
85
-14.7
85
-14.7
101
-14.8
1001 -14.7 -86.6 -81.4
99
30.1
0
1098
-87.2
1098
-87.2
1025 30.1 1279 1554 1150 -85.3 1022 1029 1030
0.0
0
0
0
0
0
-85.0 -81.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
XNK
1013 1
1 DNS TTL TNL 3092 1 1 1
1002 1004 1109 -83.9
0
0
0
LKX 398
0.0
0.0
0.0
99
-14.8
99
-14.8
99
-14.8
99
-14.8
1050 -14.8
1
0
0.0
1 1
TKK 2581
242
-86.9
242
-86.9
2101 -88.3
SSK SPL TNL 285
84
-15.0
100
-14.6
100
-14.6
1003 1005 1010 -14.7 1

0
0.0
4 1756
1 83.3 -88.3
1 1
UD2 876 UD1 0 NK 1756 BKN 1680

876
-88.6
1680
-87.1
21766 -88.6 21765 0.0 21742 -88.3 21705 -87.1
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
1112 -86.3
GMINE
2105
218
218
-85.1
-85.1
NT2 4958 NT5
2106 -88.0 2108
157
0.0
2291
2291
-75.7
-89.0
-89.0
803 115
GLDMN
-89.2 -75.6 2005
803 115
NT2 H1 19489 NT2 L 100 NT5 H1
0
0.0
100
-12.9
1154 1 -89.2 -75.6 2901 -123.0 2006 -12.9 2922
-88.4 80.0
NT2 H2 19489 NT5 H2
0
0.0
1154 1 2902 -123.0 2923 1 1
19489
-123.0
-88.4 80.0
1 1
NN 2309 TKK 2581 1
242
-86.9
21728 -88.4 2101 -88.3
19489
0
0
0 -86.9
-123.0
2 2
XBT 1746 XPON 1747
0.0
0.0
0.0 242
246
246
2109 -84.7 2104 -82.1
-86.7
-86.7
0 1324
0
0
SVN 7517
0.0 -85.1
0.0
0.0
2502 -74.7 422 458 462 80
-83.5 -81.5 -82.8 -70.4
NN 0 TKK 299
100
-17.9
100
-17.9
21770 0.0 2001 -17.9 462 80
0 100
-82.8 -70.4
0.0 -17.9
100
-12.9
99
-10.0
99
-9.9
2009 -12.9 2004 -9.9 4120 4119 4108 -82.8
0
0
0
SVN
0.0
0.0
0.0
1
1528
1528
2107
-83.5
-83.5
537 365 1
1 1
-86.9 -80.9

0
0.0
101
-3.2
1322 2 4936 -114.5 4008 -3.2

-90.5 78.1
412
-89.8
412
-89.8
0
0.0
9079
9079
21726 -90.5 2102 -89.3 2103 -87.0 4113 4944 -114.5
0
0
0
0
-114.5
-114.5
SRV 2586 1 2
1
0.0
0.0
260
260
0.0
0.0
9079
9079
434 310 4105 -79.1
-87.1
-87.1
0
-114.5
-114.5
-88.8 -87.1
3 4
0.0
234 835 458 303
434 310 -73.5 -79.8 -77.8 -74.9
99
-20.8
99
-20.8
99
-17.6
99
-17.6
2002 -20.8 -88.8 -87.1 2003 -17.6 4943 234 835 458 303
0
0
-73.5 -79.8 -77.8 -74.9
XDON2 H1 SRV 100
0.0
0.0
100
-3.1
4942 4005 -3.1
2
1 1
XST1 3749
1 4101 -82.1
771 173 1
SLB 1844
-82.5 -71.9
2917
4002 -58.3
-84.7
459 102
XST 175
-83.2 -72.6
1844
0 0 4004 -3.1
-58.3
0.0 0.0 459 102
87
87
1 -83.2 -72.6
-3.4
-2.8
XST2 XST2 4399

4324 4104 -78.0
SLB H1 3940
0
0.0
4902 -91.1 1
475
475
3453
-79.5
-72.7
-72.7
XST1 H1 22239
551
551
551
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
2287
4901 -115.3
-91.1
-91.1
-91.1
-91.1
1 2 3 4
1468
1468
6434
6434
6434
XST2 H1 32978
0
0.0
-115.3
-115.3
-115.3
-115.3
-115.3
4903 -106.8 1 2 3 4 5
158 1038
-68.9 -78.6
16489
16489
-106.8
-106.8
1183 10 2072 12 1 2 158 1038
-86.5 86.1 -83.4 87.5 -68.9 -78.6
160
-78.8
160
-78.8
1013
-76.3
1013
-76.3
21758 -86.5 4102 -83.3 4121 -82.2 4317 4117 -78.0 4110 -78.9 4106 -77.8
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
317
317
0.0
400
400
0.0
1257
1461
1461
-82.1
-82.1
-83.4
-74.1
-74.1
-80.0
-80.0
PSG 2036 BSOK 5174

4304 -80.1 4501 -68.1
90
14.6
90
14.6
98
14.9
98
-8.8
0
0.0
0
0.0
92
-2.2
4001 14.7 4021 -8.8 4907 -108.7 4937 -110.4 4006 -2.2
889
0
0
-81.3 HLPGN H2 15798
0.0
0.0
0
0.0
4938 -110.4
10879
15798
BBOUN 1916
438
-81.7
438
-81.7
-108.7
-110.4
4118 -82.6 1 1
1 1
0
1
15798
PSG 3512 BSOK
0.0
537
537
1613
-79.0
949
-77.6
949
-77.6
-110.4
4116 -78.2 2 4114
-83.6
-83.6
ATP 675
4107 -81.5
0
BBOUN 100 1
0.0
100
-8.3
4018 -8.3
17 338
87.2 -81.5
1 ATP 92
92
20.1
17 338 4007 20.1

87.2 -81.5
TKO 2428 NK3 XXOU
142
-73.2
142
-73.2
4103 -83.8 4112 4111
0
0.0
1
2150
-85.2
0
0.0
101
-5.9
4904 -116.3 4003 -5.9 4941 4939
XXOU H1
8497
8497
4940
-116.3
-116.3
1 2 1 1
1
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
242 158
XNEUA 495
-67.6
242 -67.0
0
-67.6 -67.0
495
0.0
360 466
-65.4
BNEUA 426 XAI 1248
3106 -70.3 3104 -67.3
-68.3 -62.5 306 672
LNTHA 569
0
0
0
3103 -70.0 940 909 -79.9 -82.2
0.0
426
402
402
0.0
0.0
0
-66.1 -68.0 306 672
-70.3
-69.4
-69.4
XNEUA 99
0.0
99
2.4
806 41 226 568 3012 2.4 -79.9 -82.2
1
0
-69.7 99.0 -64.7 -68.1
ND 1358 LPB 2257 NMO 4832 EVN 4007
0.0
1014 -81.7 1104 -66.7 1151 -86.0 5101 -88.4
BNEUA 99 XAI 199
99
-3.2
99
0.7
99
0.7
0
0
3001 -3.2 3004 0.7
LNTHA 99 1
0.0
0.0
0
0
1358
2112
2112
2675
3003 -2.4
-81.7
-86.9
-86.9
-91.5
PSV 3061
0.0
0.0
0 99
28
103.6
1111 -65.8
NBENG 3078
0.0 -2.4
50
-56.7
50
-56.7
0
0
1140 -69.1 1
0.0
0.0
0
1 1
1 PSL XNG 2223 ND H1 19360 LPB 200
0.0
0
0.0
100
3.1
100
3.1
1153
1153
3002 1116 -67.0 1906 -111.9 1007 3.1
-71.6
-71.6
VPKHA
0
3107 0 0 576 947
NMO H2 25065
712
0.0
0
0.0
569 9 0.0 0.0 -61.8 -66.1 1949 -112.7
-67.7
19360
1 PSV 190
-111.9
91
7.3
99
7.1
-70.0 97.7 57 648 316 188 1071 1017 7.2 450 423
7.
21
97.7
0
0.0
96
4.6
3105 1 -69.2 1943 -104.5 1040 4.6 -6 -67.1 -59.9
1 -60.7 -65.7 -61.2 -71.2
25065
NPOT 2982 NMO H1 25088

0
0.0
-112.7
648 316 188 1071 1135 -69.7 1948 -112.8

NBEN H2 11672
0
0.0
1950 -104.5 -67.1 -59.9 -60.7 -65.7
11672
VPKHA PK 5107 NG4B 6154 NG4A 5417 1
-104.5
283
-65.0
1972
3007 1 1127 -68.0 1134 -68.1 1124 -67.7
-74.0
25088
1
-112.8
1299 393 893 1017
11672
353
353
-104.5
-69.8 -59.6 -65.8 -62.8 1
3377
3395
2 1 2
-65.4
-65.4
-71.7
-70.7
NAMO
3005 1299 393 893 1017
0
0.0
-69.8 -59.6 -65.8 -62.8 1938 -104.2 1126
BKEO 696 VV 3738 NG5 6316
538
-72.5
538
-72.5
3101 -67.2 1103 -70.9 1143 -69.9
NG4B H 28131 NG4A H1 27703
0
0
0
0
0.0
0
0.0
4399
4399
4399
696 9 1937 -101.0 1909 -100.3
HSA LG 18850 1
0.0
641
641
0.0
0.0
-104.2
-104.2
-104.2
-67.2 108.3
1025
2773
2773
1956 -103.0 1 2 3
-67.8
-73.2
-73.2
-71.4
-71.4
0 18850
9377
9377
9377
9234
9234
9234
750 691
HSA 8055 NBAK2 6974
0.0 -103.0
-101.0
-101.0
-101.0
-100.3
-100.3
-100.3
1502 -75.4 -63.2 -62.4 1138 -76.9
1 2 3 1 2 3
BKEO 99 VV 184 NG5 L NG5 H2 25539
455
455
99
3.6
92
29.3
92
29.3
0
0.0
2025
2025
2025
3011 3.6 1006 29.3 1043 1947 -102.1
-78.2
-78.2
-78.2
-68.1
-68.1
0
HSA LG 2987 NG5 H1 25539
0.0
2099
-72.1
0
0.0
1156 -69.0 1946 -102.1
25539
-102.1
HSA 2 NBA2 H1 20499 NBA2 H3 20499
1 1
449
449
0
0.0
0
0.0
1141 1 1940 -108.6 1942 -108.6 800 277
-61.9
-61.9
25539
-102.1
6880 564 -80.9 -70.1
1 NBA2 H2 20499
0
0.0
1588 14 -77.6 -66.5 1941 -108.6 800 277
20499
20499
HSA 2974
1025
-71.9
1025
-71.9
-108.6
-108.6
1123 -69.0 -75.9 94.9 862 94 -80.9 -70.1
1 3 NSANE 4223
0
-80.7 -67.4 1137 -80.9
20499
TLT 8009
0.0
183
293
-68.2
183
-73.6
183
-73.6
-108.6
1102 -76.9 862 94 642 989 2
-59.0
-80.7 -67.4 -68.1 -70.7
3680
-82.5
244
244
8424 2285 7872 2837
-75.8
-75.8
-77.7 -79.8 -78.5 -77.2
HSA 100 2 NG12 10708 NGL1 10708 NG345 10708 NLEK 8233
719
-73.2
719
-73.2
1023 5.2 59 6.2 1114 -78.2 1113 -78.2 1101 -78.2 1110 -77.1
-6 NSAN H 28286
0 100
0
0
0
0.0
1939 -113.8
TLT
0.0 5.2
0.0
461
461
0.0
339
339
1139
1147
2325
2316
2418
1909
1909
1016
-79.8
-79.8
-79.8
-79.8
-79.8
-74.1
-74.1
-82.8
-82.8
-70.9
-70.9
9429
9429
9429
1
-113.8
-113.8
-113.8
XYBR 1577 BD 1577 1 2 3
1008
-68.1
1117 -67.2 1120 -75.8
0
0
0
0.0
100
-4.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
92
-1.8
1 1901 -115.8 1011 -4.0 1904 -114.2 1908 -111.4 1031 -1.8
23
11
0.0
0.0
91.6
100.6
2619
-79.2
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
843
-78.5
843
-78.5
6632
1105 -79.1 1902 -115.8 1903 -114.3 1905 -114.5 1907 -111.4 1112 -79.4
29615
15709
0
-115.8
-114.2
-111.4
2
0
1 4 1
1
0.0
733
194
194
0.0
6641
89.6
-78.7
29638
18486
15709
-77.4
-77.4
XBR 92 NAMP BDON 91
2.1
91
-4.4
-115.8
-114.3
-114.5
-111.4
1018 2.1 1118 1019 -4.4 23 3 1503 5 2
0
88.7 -79.2
NM3 5157
0.0 92
609
-74.0
609
-74.0
3 1530 1131 -80.3

PS 100 PX 100
100
-5.5
100
-7.1
1008 -5.5 87.5 -81.6 1015 -7.1

1 1 NXT 3825 TGNE 3032
341
341
0
1
1640
1640
1146 -80.7 1107 -80.4

-84.4
-84.4
-71.5
-71.5
6749 NBG
0.0
0
0
0
0
-71.9 1501
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1053
1053
-80.7
-80.7
1
1
NHAI 807 NM3 H1 9880
807
-76.0
0
0.0
1115 -76.0 1910 -116.6
0
NM3 H2 9880
0.0
0
0.0
9880
1911 -116.6
101
-8.6
101
-8.6
100
-9.1
100
-9.1
-116.6
4248 0 1046 -8.6 1009 -9.1 1 1142
0
0
-81.3 0.0
9880
PT12 4248 PT34 4248
0.0
0.0
740
-82.1
739
-82.0
732
-81.1
732
-81.1
-116.6
1119 -81.3 1108 -81.3

500
91
0
0
0
0
1125 -68.2 1012 -5.0 2 1122 1129 1130
13
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0
0 -68.2
0 -5.0
87.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
802 595
-81.4 -76.2
1 802 595
PT 367
84
-11.6
84
-11.6
100
-11.6
100
-11.6
1001 -11.6 -81.4 -76.2
99
30.6
91
30.5
0
1152
-81.6
1152
-81.6
1025 30.5 1323 1694 1150 -79.7 1022 1029 1030
0.0
0
0
0
0
0
-80.6 -76.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
XNK
1013 1
1 DNS TTL TNL 3295 1 1 1
1002 1004 1109 -78.8
0
0
0
LKX 399
0.0
0.0
0.0
100
-9.6
100
-9.6
100
-9.6
100
-9.6
1050 -9.6
1
0
0.0
1 1
TKK 2681
283
-85.0
283
-85.0
2101 -86.2
SSK SPL TNL 301
100
-9.6
100
-9.5
100
-9.5
1003 1005 1010 -9.6 1

0
0.0
4 1813
1 87.6 -85.1
1 1
UD2 887 UD1 0 NK 1813 BKN 2352

887
-85.8
2352
-80.1
21766 -85.8 21765 0.0 21742 -85.1 21705 -80.1
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
1112 -79.4
GMINE
2105
194
194
-77.4
-77.4
NT2 5021 NT5
2106 -86.2 2108
159
0.0
2313
2313
-73.9
-87.3
-87.3
809 123
GLDMN
-87.1 -74.0 2005
809 123
NT2 H1 19533 NT2 L 100 NT5 H1
0
0.0
100
-12.5
1193 1 -87.1 -74.0 2901 -121.6 2006 -12.5 2922
-86.4 82.1
NT2 H2 19533 NT5 H2
0
0.0
1193 1 2902 -121.6 2923 1 1
19533
-121.6
-86.4 82.1
1 1
NN 2387 TKK 2681 1
283
-85.0
21728 -86.4 2101 -86.2
19533
0
0
0 -85.0
0
-121.6
2 2
XBT 1746 XPON 1745
0.0
0.0
0.0 283
0.0
249
249
2109 -83.6 2104 -81.3
-84.6
-84.6
0 1324
0
0
SVN 8010
0.0 -84.0
0.0
0.0
2502 -75.1 422 457 461 81
-82.4 -80.8 -82.1 -69.7
NN 0 TKK 397
99
-16.4
99
-16.4
99
-16.4
21770 0.0 2001 -16.4 461 81
0 99
-82.1 -69.7
0.0 -16.4
100
-12.6
99
-10.9
99
-10.8
2009 -12.6 2004 -10.8 4120 4119 4108 -82.2
0
0
0
SVN
0.0
0.0
0.0
1
1536
1536
2107
-82.9
-82.9
539 366 1
1 1
-84.6 -80.1

0
0.0
101
-3.3
1342 2 4936 -114.3 4008 -3.3

-88.9 79.7
422
-88.2
422
-88.2
0
0.0
9108
9108
21726 -88.9 2102 -87.6 2103 -84.7 4113 4944 -114.3
0
0
0
0
0
-114.3
-114.3
SRV 2677 1 2
1
0.0
0.0
0.0
266
266
0.0
0.0
9108
9108
441 316 4105 -71.5
-84.7
-84.7
0
-114.3
-114.3
-87.2 -84.7
3 4
0.0
246 866 472 311
441 316 -66.1 -72.2 -70.2 -67.4
100
-19.9
100
-19.9
100
-19.9
99
-17.0
99
-17.0
2002 -19.9 -87.2 -84.7 2003 -17.0 4943 246 866 472 311
0
0
-66.1 -72.2 -70.2 -67.4
XDON2 H1 SRV 100
0.0
0.0
100
3.5
4942 4005 3.5
2
1 1
XST1 3998
1 4101 -74.5
796 209 1
SLB 1838
-74.9 -64.4
3064
4002 -53.9
-77.3
474 124
XST 172
-75.6 -65.1
1838
0 0 4004 3.1
-53.9
0.0 0.0 474 124
86
86
2.8
3.4
1 -75.6 -65.1
XST2 XST2 4398
4324 4104 -77.2
SLB H1 3941
0
0.0
4902 -86.7 1
475
475
3453
-78.6
-71.8
-71.8
XST1 H1 22647
551
551
551
0
0.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
2288
4901 -108.2
-86.7
-86.7
-86.7
-86.7
1 2 3 4
1495
1495
6553
6553
6553
XST2 H1 32988
0
0.0
-108.2
-108.2
-108.2
-108.2
-108.2
4903 -106.0 1 2 3 4 5
163 1065
-61.4 -71.1
16494
16494
-106.0
-106.0
1211 10 2174 13 1 2 163 1065
-83.8 91.0 -78.3 95.1 -61.4 -71.1
166
-71.2
166
-71.2
1013
-75.4
1013
-75.4
21758 -83.8 4102 -78.2 4121 -74.4 4317 4117 -77.1 4110 -71.4 4106 -70.3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
430
430
0.0
0.0
400
400
0.0
1257
1503
1503
-74.0
-74.0
-82.5
-73.3
-73.3
-72.5
-72.5
PSG 2035 BSOK 5291

4304 -79.2 4501 -69.2
89
19.0
89
19.0
97
19.4
98
-2.1
98
-2.1
0
0.0
0
0.0
91
4.5
4001 19.2 4021 -2.1 4907 -107.8 4937 -103.2 4006 4.5
889
0
0
-80.4 HLPGN H2 15981
0.0
0.0
0
0.0
4938 -103.2
10881
15981
BBOUN 2562
436
-70.6
436
-70.6
-107.8
-103.2
4118 -71.2 1 1
1 1
0
1
15981
PSG 3510 BSOK
0.0
534
534
1612
-78.1
949
-76.7
949
-76.7
-103.2
4116 -77.3 2 4114
-72.5
-72.5
ATP 2775
4107 -65.6
0
BBOUN 100 1
615
615
0.0
578
578
100
2.5
4018 2.5
-67.5
-67.5
-64.8
-64.8
311 195
-69.7 -62.0
1 ATP 92
92
39.8
311 195 4007 39.8

-69.7 -62.0
TKO 2771 NK3 2765 XXOU 3189
216
-62.3
216
-62.3
365
-58.2
365
-58.2
236
-57.2
236
-57.2
4103 -72.5 4112 -66.4 4111 -66.0
0
0.0
1
2347
2045
1362
1362
-74.4
-69.2
-67.5
-67.5
TKO H1 17653 TKO 100 NK3 H 16019 XXOU H1 14490
0
0.0
100
5.0
0
0.0
0
0.0
4904 -105.1 4003 5.0 4941 -97.8 4939 -97.1
XXOU H1 14490
0
0.0
8827
8827
4940 -97.1
16019
-97.8
14490
-97.1
-105.1
-105.1
1 2 1 1
1
14490
-97.1
POWER
TECHNOLOGIES
2.6 2.7
XNEUA 0.000
1.7 2.6 2.7 5.0 3102 0.0
1.7 5.0
BNEUA 0.000 XAI 1.025
3106 0.0 3104 -58.9 13.4 13.3
LNTHA 0.000
3103 0.0 4.1 3.7
0.0
0.0
5.3
3.5
XNEUA 0.000
0.9875 3012 0.0
1
ND 1.029 LPB 1.022 NMO 0.000 EVN 1.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1014 -30.8 1104 -58.0 1151 0.0 5101 0.0
5.3
3.3
BNEUA 0.000 XAI 1.024
3001 0.0 3004 -60.1
LNTHA 0.000 1
1.0
0.1
8.0
6.3
0.0
0.0
3003 0.0
PSV 1.048
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.3
3.3
0.0
0.0
30.0 -30.0 1111 -36.6
NBENG 0.000 1.0250 1.0000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1140 0.0 1
3.5
2.3
3.5
2.3
1 1
1.0
0.1
8.0
5.7
1 PSL 0.000 XNG 1.023 ND H1 1.000 LPB 1.028
3002 0.0 1116 -57.6 1906 -58.3 1007 -31.0 1.0500
VPKHA 0.000
3107 0.0 1.0 1.0
NMO H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
9.2
1.0
0.0
0.0
9.0
5.6
0.1 0.1
18.1
-0.1
1949 0.0
3.5
2.2
7 PSV 1.028
4. 1 1 1017 -37.9
0.0
0.0
3105 1 0.0 1943 0.0 1040 0.0 1

NPOT 0.000 NMO H1 0.000
3.5
2.2
1135 0.0 1948 0.0
NBEN H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1950 0.0
VPKHA 0.000 PK 0.000 NG4B 0.000 NG4A 0.000 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3007 0.0 1 1127 0.0 1134 0.0 1124 0.0

1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2 1 1 2
NAMO 0.000
3005 0.0
1 1 NPOT H 0.000 NHET 0.000
1938 0.0 1126 0.0
19.5
11.8
BKEO 0.000 VV 1.035 NG5 0.000
0.0
0.0
3101 0.0 1103 -51.3 1143 0.0
NG4B H 0.000 NG4A H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1937 0.0 1909 0.0
HSA LG 0.000 1
8.1
2.6
1.4
1.4
9.0
6.3
0.0
0.0
10.2
10.2
1956 0.0 1 2 3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
-30.0
HSA 0.000 1.0125 NBAK2 0.000
1502 0.0 1 2 3 1 2 3 1138 0.0
9.0
5.6
BKEO 0.000 VV 1.029NG5 L 0.000 NG5 H2 0.000
3011 0.0 1006 -24.6 1043 0.0 1947 0.0
HSA LG 0.000 NG5 H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.0
5.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1156 0.0 1946 0.0
HSA 0.000 2 NBA2 H1 0.000 NBA2 H3 0.000

1 1
0.0
0.0
1141 0.0 1 1940 0.0 1942 0.0
74.2 1 74.4
NBA2 H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0 2.0 4.8 4.2 1941 0.0
HSA 0.000
1123 0.0 6.1 7.8 36.7 1 3 NSANE 0.000
0.0
0.0
8.4 1137 0.0
8.2
4.8
10.2
4.0
10.2
4.0
TLT 1.036
1102 -50.2 36.7 2
8.4
43.5
15.8
30.0 30.0 46.7 46.7
3.8 3.8 6.6 6.6
7
3.5
4.3
HSA 0.000 4. 2 NG12 1.039 NGL1 1.039 NG345 1.039 NLEK 1.049
1023 0.0 2. 1114 -49.6 1113 -49.6 1101 -49.6 1110 -35.6
NSAN H 0.000
1939 0.0
TLT 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.9
1.9
2.3
1.5
3.3
3.3
3.6
5.3
5.3
1.3
0.8
7.1
15.0
15.0
40.0
40.0
40.0
30.0
30.0
55.2
1016 0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0000 1.0500
30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0
1
0.0
0.0
1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 1.0522
XYBR 1.028 BD 1.045 1 2 3
1117 -58.4 1120 -50.5
15.0
2.7
2.3
1.4
40.0
6.1
30.0
2.5
1.3
0.8
1 1901 -76.6 1011 -50.7 1904 -75.7 1908 -60.4 1031 -36.4
4.7
2.2
1.0
4.5
1.0
1.6
43.2
15.4
15.0
2.7
40.0
6.1
40.0
6.2
30.0
2.5
53.0
10.9
2.7
2.3
1.4
6.1
1.3
0.8
1.0625 1.1000
15.0
40.0
30.0
-2.5
1105 -51.2 1902 -76.6 1903 -75.7 1905 -75.8 1907 -60.4 1112 -43.4
1 4 1
1
7.9
7.5
2.7
6.1
6.2
7.1
7.1
5.2
3.3
11.9
31.3
15.0
40.0
40.0
30.0
-2.5
23.9
23.9
4.7
2.4
1.0
4.7
XBR 1.027 NAMP 0.000 BDON 1.025
1018 -60.2 1118 0.0 1019 -50.9 11.8 11.8 0.9875
0.9750 2 3 5 2
7.7 8.0
NM3 0.992
0.0
4.7
2.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.6
-5.3
-5.3
1131 -53.8
11.9
7.4
5.2
3.2
PS 1.028 PX 1.030
1008 -53.0 1015 -44.6
30.8
7.8
1 NXT 1.000
TGNE 0.995
7.0
7.0
7.0
7.0
1 1
17.5
17.5
17.5
17.5
1146 -53.1
1107 -53.3
0.000 NBG
7.4
0.0
0.0
5.2
3.2
11.9
30.0 30.0 0.0 1501
3
3
0.2
8.0
6
6
1.0250 1.0250
19.0
8. 5.8
8. 5.8
11.8
1
1 0.9446
1.0
0.6
17.5
8.6
NHAI 1.045 NM3 H1 1.000

1115 -50.6 1910 -79.6
17.5
8.6
NM3 H2 1.000
1.0
0.6
8.6
17.5
1911 -79.6
11.8
7.3
NXT 0.000 TGNE 1.023 0.000 NBONG
1.0625 32.0 32.0 1046 0.0 1009 -55.8 0.0 1142
1
8.6
7.6 7.6
17.5
18.9
0.5
PT12 0.997 PT34 0.997
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.3
11.8
1119 -53.5 1108 -53.5
1.0
0.6
1125 0.0 1012 -51.0 2 1122 0.0 1129 0.0 1130 0.0
1 1
3.8
3.8
3.8
3.5
0.4
16.0
16.0
16.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.6
1.0522 1.0522 1.0522 3.5 3.5
0.2 1.1
1 3.5 3.5
16.0
2.9
16.0
2.9
16.0
2.9
PT 1.023
1001 -56.5 0.2 1.1
17.4
7.9
17.4
7.9
1025 0.0 26.2 25.9 1150 -54.5 1022 0.0 1029 0.0 1030 0.0
0.0
2.7 2.9
48.0
29.7
-20.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.0
9.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
20.9
20.9
XNK 0.000
1013 0.0 1 0.9375 0.9375
1 DNS 0.000 TTL 0.000 TNL 0.984 1 1 1
1002 0.0 1004 0.0 1109 -54.4
0.0
0.0
20.9
7.7
20.9
7.7
LKX 1.026
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5.9
0.7
1.6
13.1
1050 -57.7
1 1.0402
1.0402
0.0
1 1
41.8
25.9
-10.5
23.0
2.4
23.0
2.4
TKK 1.017
2101 -50.7
5.9
0.4
13.1
0.9
SSK 0.000 SPL 0.000 TNL 1.027

1003 0.0 1005 0.0 1010 -57.8 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
19.0
11.8
-10.5
19.8 19.7
1 3.1 3.8
1 1
3.5
3.4
UD2 0.996 UD1 0.997 NK 0.990 BKN 0.987

21766 -53.0 21765 -53.0 21742 -54.3 21705 -58.4
POWER
EX. OF OPERATION: BASE CASE FY:2005 GEN:RATED CAPACITY BRANCH -MW/MVAR
TECHNOLOGIES
R FRI, NOV 02 2001 9:59 EQUIPMENT - MW/MVAR (Base Plan, Opened System Operation, Generation: Rated Capacity)
1112 -43.4
GMINE 0.000
2105 0.0
7.1
7.1
23.9
23.9
NT2 1.018 NT5 0.000
0.0
0.0
2106 -50.9 2108 0.0
3.2
0.1
0.0
0.0
1.6 1.6 0.9875
GLDMN 0.000
2.7 0.1 2005 0.0
1.6 1.6
0.0
0.0
NT2 H1 0.000 NT2 L 1.031 NT5 H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.8 6.8 2.7 0.1 2901 0.0 2006 -50.9 2922 0.0
4.0 4.3
NT2 H2 0.000 NT5 H2 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.8 6.8 2902 0.0 2923 0.0 1 1
4.0 4.3
1 1
23.0
2.4
23.0
2.4
NN 1.018 TKK 1.017 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21728 -50.6 2101 -50.7
2 2
3.2
2.0
XBT 1.015 XPON 1.000
7.3
7.3
2.7
2.7
11.0
11.0
17.2
17.2
2109 -51.2 2104 -56.6
0.9750 0.9750 SVN 0.000
3.2
2.0
6.9
0.8
2502 0.0
0.9875 0.9750
11.0
6.8
11.0
6.8
NN 1.018 TKK 1.024
21769 -50.6 2001 -52.4
3.2
2.0
6.9
1.0
0.0
0.0
22.0
13.6
2009 -51.7 2004 -58.2 4120 0.0 4119 0.0 4108 0.0
SVN 0.000
3.2
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.9
4.3
0.0
1
-5.3
2107 0.0
7.0 6.9 1
1 5.2 0.8 1
XPON H1 0.000 XPON-G L 0.000

4936 0.0 4008 0.0
17.0
0.3
17.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21726 -54.2 2102 -53.3 2103 -54.9 4113 0.0 4944 0.0
SRV 0.000 1 2
1
8.3
0.1
8.3
0.1
5.1
3.5
5.1
3.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4105 0.0
0.9750 0.9750 -30.0 -30.0
0.9875 0.9875 3 4
17.3 17.2
8.3
0.2
8.3
0.2
5.1
3.1
5.1
3.2
PBO 1.032 CHAMP 1.024 XDON2 H2 0.000
2002 -55.2 0.3 1.8 2003 -27.4 4943 0.0
XDON2 H1 0.000 SRV 0.000
0.0
6.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
16.6
10.3
10.2
4942 0.0 4005 0.0
-10.6
2
1 1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
XST1 1.046
1 4101 -36.3
37.1 38.1 1
SLB 1.044
0.0
0.0
10.9 10.7
38.1
10.7
4002 -10.3
30.0 XST 1.030
5.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.9 5.0 1.0463 4004 -35.2
0.4 0.0 30.0
1.0454
2.3
1.4
4.6
2.9
6.9
4.3
1
XST2 0.000 XST2 1.047
4324 0.0 4104 -28.9 30.0 30.0
5.0
0.3
SLB H1 1.000 1.0740 1.0740
4902 -37.8 1
0.6
0.3
0.3
76.0
38.0
38.0
38.1
8.2
2.3
1.6
4.6
3.1
XST1 H1 0.985
0.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
3.0
0.2
30.0 4901 -62.8
1.0500
1 2 3 4
3.0
3.0
-0.2
-0.2
13.0
-1.0
13.0
-1.0
13.0
-1.0
76.0
6.0
XST2 H1 1.000
4903 -54.8 1 2 3 4 5
3.0
3.0
38.0
38.0
19.4 19.6 30.0 30.6 1 2
3.9 2.2 2.9 4.0
37.8
0.4
37.8
0.4
21758 -46.6 4102 -44.8 4121 -41.3 4317 0.0 4117 -29.8 4110 0.0 4106 0.0
2.5
1.7
2.5
1.7
5.4
1.6
3.3
3.5
3.3
3.5
0.4
0.4
37.8
37.8
-30.0 -30.0 -30.0

1.0875 1.0875 1.0283
PSG 1.035 BSOK 0.000
4304 -34.3 4501 0.0
2.5
1.8
2.5
1.9
5.4
1.8
4001 -16.5 4021 0.0 4907 0.0 4937 0.0 4006 0.0
4.0
73.8
HLPGN H2 0.000
9.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
15.3
1.0000 4938 0.0
-15.4
3.3
0.7
3.3
0.7
BBOUN 1.048
4118 -41.7 1 1
1 1
0.0
0.0
1
73.8
0.1
37.5
0.4
37.5
0.4
PSG 1.033 BSOK 0.000
3.8
2.5
1.4
2.0
1.4
2.0
4116 -31.1 2 4114 0.0
1.0125
ATP 0.000
1.3
0.8
4107 0.0
3.8
2.4
BBOUN 1.025 1
4018 -42.5
3.8
2.4
1 ATP 0.000
4007 0.0
1.3
0.9
1.3
0.9
TKO 1.048 NK3 0.000 XXOU 0.000
0.0
0.0
4103 -41.8 4112 0.0 4111 0.0
2.7
1.7
1
1.0125
2.7
1.7
4904 0.0 4003 -42.4 4941 0.0 4939 0.0
XXOU H1 0.000
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.7
1.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4940 0.0
1 2 1 1
1
0.0
0.0
POWER
EX. OF OPERATION: BASE CASE FY:2005 GEN:RATED CAPACITY BRANCH -MW/MVAR
TECHNOLOGIES
R FRI, NOV 02 2001 10:00 EQUIPMENT - MW/MVAR (Base Plan, Opened System Operation, Generation: Rated Capacity)
9.3 9.5
XNEUA 1.010
0.7 9.3 9.5 5.6 3102 -7.5
0.7 5.6
4.6
4.6
14.6
14.6
3.6 3.6
BNEUA 1.028 XAI 1.020
3106 -14.4 3104 -11.70.8 4.2 51.3 50.8
LNTHA 1.020 0.9625
3103 -14.4 21.8 21.8 15.0 13.7
5.7
1.5
0.0
0.0
5.7
1.5
4.0
4.0
9.1
9.1
3.6 4.0
13.8
13.8
13.0

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PART - I

1.1 Background of the Study

1.2 Objective and Scope of the Study

1.2.1 Objective of the Study

1.2.2 Scope of the Study

The Study was carried out in the following areas.

Table 1.2-1 Study Stage

Investigation Stage System Planning Stage Master Plan Stage

Following illustration shows the relation of each study stage.

Existing power facilities Electricity demand Power source

Mas ter Plan Stage Exam ination on

Preliminary design of the Cos t estimate, im plem entation

Figure 1.2-1 Flow of the Study

1.2.3 Study Area

1.3 Approach and Methodology of the Study

1.3.1 Investigation Stage

(a) Preparation of inception report for the study,

(1) Review of Development Program of Power Stations

(2) Electricity Demand Forecast

1.3.2 System Planning Stage

(1) Principles for System Planning

(a) Adequate criteria for system planning taking into account:

(2) Examination on Transmission Line Routes

(3) System Analysis

1.3.3 Master Plan Study Stage

During this study stage, following activities were accomplished.

EDL and the team.

(1) Alteration of Development Program for New Power Stations

(2) General Design of Facilities

(3) Construction Cost and Implementation Schedule

(4) Project Evaluation

(5) Environmental Examination

(6) Selection Criteria of the Highest Priority Project

1.4 The Study Team and Counterpart Staffs

Table 1.4-1 The Study Team and Counterpart Staffs

Job Title JICA Study Team EDL staff

1.5 Schedule and Progress of the Study

Table 1.5-1 Towns Visited

Northern Region Southern Region

1.6 Provision of Equipment

Table 1.6-1 Equipment List

Equipment Specifications Quantity

1.7 Transfer of Knowledge and Technology

Preparatory Works in Japan

(5)Preparation of Inception Report

1 Formulation of Basic Particulars and Conditions for the Planning

Third Site Study

Second Study in Japan

LAO PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC

Chapter 2 Lao People’s Democratic Republic

2.1 Profile of the Country

Table 2.1-1 Country Summary

Land Area : 236,800 km2

2.1.1 Geography and Population

2.1.2 Climate, Flora and Fauna

Table 2.1-2 Records of Weather (1976-1999)

Items Luang Prabang Vientiane Savannakhet Pakse

2.1.3 Administrative Structure

Deputy Prime Ministe r

Figure 2.1-1 Administrative Structure

Table 2.1-3 Power Region

Power Region Provinces to be covered

Figure 2.1-2 Power Region