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3-1 Coursebook PDF
3-1 Coursebook PDF
V S M COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
Ramachandrapuram
(Approved by AICTE - New Delhi, Govt. of A.P.)
NAAC Accredited Institution
2018-2019
VISION
To provide mind winding education for the students along with social ethics and values, this will be able to
provide entrepreneur technocrats to the society.
MISSION
Empowering the students to gain knowledge in technical field along with discipline to produce efficient
engineers for brightening up various sectors with their innovative thoughts.
QUALITY POLICY
Impart up to date knowledge in the students chosen fields to
make them quality Engineers
Make the students experience the applications on quality
equipment and tools.
Provide quality environment and services to all stock holders.
Provide Systems, resources and opportunities for continuous
improvement.
Maintain global standards in education, training, and services
SUBJECTS FOR III YEAR I SEMESTER
1. POWER SYSTEMS-II
2. RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
3. SIGNAL AND SYSTEMS
4. PULSE AND DIGITAL CIRCUITS
5. POWER ELECTRONICS
V S M COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
A Good Lesson Plan is instrumental for the delivery of course content in a competent way
so that students get benefited in view of learning, developing good skill set, updating with current
trends in industry etc., Delivery including latest trends in the technology and applications brings
deep insight of the course in students. As the plan includes the home assignments, quizzes, course
projects etc., it carries out the continuous assessment of student learning (course outcomes).
The course delivery in adherence to the lesson plan is ensured through course level audit forms on
regular basis
1.PREREQUISITES
Basic knowledge on algorithms, power generation
COURSE OUTCOMES
Able to understand parameters of various types of transmission lines for using calculation
and behavior during different operating conditions.
Able to understand the insight into specific transmission lines short and medium type which
would have application in medium and high voltage power transmission systems.
Student will be able to understand the surge propagation, reflection and refraction in
transmission lines. such output will be useful in protecting transmission line insulators and
designing level of insulation coordination at various high voltages.
Will be able to utilize it for understanding the surge behavior of transmission line for
protection of connects equipment’s, viz. power transformer and system connected shunt
reactors.
Will be able to understand various phenomenon related to charged line transmitting
different level of power.
Will be able to understand physical and geometrical parameters of transmission line for safe
and efficient performance during operating condition of voltage and power.
Course
Programme Outcomes Weightage
Outcomes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
CO-1 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 86%
CO-2 3 3 3 3 3 1 2 1 2 2 3 2 80%
CO-3 3 2 3 3 2 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 80%
CO-4 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 83%
CO-5 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 1 2 3 83%
CO-6 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 2 1 80%
5.LEARNINGRESOURCES:
Text Books
Electrical power systems – by C.L. Wadhwa, New Age International (P) Limited,
Publishers, 1998.
Modern Power System Analysis by I.J. Nagarath and D.P.Kothari, Tata Mc Graw Hill, 2nd
Edition.
Electrical Power Systems by P.S.R. Murthy, B.S. Publications.
Reference Books
Power system Analysis–by John J Grainger William D Stevenson, TMC Companies, 4th
edition
Power System Analysis and Design by B.R. Gupta, Wheeler Publishing.
A Text Book on Power System Engineering by M.L.Soni, P.V.Gupta, U.S. Bhatnagar A
.Chakrabarthy, DhanpatRai& Co Pvt. Ltd.
a. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Ym2OviN0XM
b. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tWSz7Xm8mMk
c. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AfaxqVq1x6c
6. DELIVERYMETHODOLOGIES
DM1: Chalk and Talk
AM3: HomeAssignments
(i)HOMEASSIGNMENTS
On the beginning day of each unit, home assignment sheet is given to the students and the
solution sheet for the same is expected after two days of the completion of unit.
NIL
Able to understand parameters of various types of transmission lines for using calculation
and behavior during different operating conditions.
Able to understand the insight into specific transmission lines
Analyze how power can be transmitted to consumer ends
LecturePlan:
TUTORIAL QUESTION
ASSIGNMENT-I
UNIT – II
Classification of Transmission Lines – Short, medium and long line and their model representations
– Nominal- T, Nominal-Pie and A, B, C, D Constants for symmetrical & Asymmetrical Networks,
Numerical Problems. Mathematical Solutions to estimate regulation and efficiency of all types of
lines – Numerical Problems.
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. Method of Teaching
of
Hrs.
Assignment-II
1. Explain Nominal- T method
2. Explain Nominal- method
UNIT – III
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Method of Teaching
Hrs.
Assignment-III
UNIT – IV
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of
Teaching
TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
Assignment-IV
1. What are the Types of System Transients – Travelling or Propagation of Surges
2. termination of lines with different types of conditions – Open Circuited Line
UNIT – V
Skin and Proximity effects – Description and effect on Resistance of Solid Conductors – Ferranti
effect – Charging Current – Effect on Regulation of the Transmission Line, Shunt Compensation.
Corona – Description of the phenomenon, factors affecting corona, critical voltages and power loss,
Radio Interference and power factor improving methods
Objectives:
At the end of this unit the student will be able to
1. Solve transmission line problems and planed to improve efficiency
2. Design the overhead insulators and their arrangement
3. Generalize the Performance of medium transmission lines
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Method of
Hrs. Teaching
TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
3. What are Factors affecting corona, critical voltages and power loss, Radio Interference
UNIT – VI
Sag and Tension Calculations with equal and unequal heights of towers, Effect of Wind and Ice
on weight of Conductor, Numerical Problems – Stringing chart and sag template and its
applications Types of Insulators, String efficiency and Methods for improvement, Numerical
Problems – voltage distribution, calculation of string efficiency, Capacitance grading and Static
Shielding
.
Objectives: At the end of this unit the student will be able to
1. Solve transmission line problems and planed to improve efficiency
2. Design the overhead insulators and their arrangement
3. Generalize the Performance of medium transmission lines
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Method of
Hrs. Teaching
1UN Sag and Tension Calculations with equal and unequal heights of 3 Black Bord
towers
3St stringing chart and sag template and its applications 3 Black Bord
Assignment-VI
PART –A
1. a) What is the need of double circuit transmission line? [3M]
b) What is the effect of line capacitance for lagging load? [2M]
c) Why rigorous solution method is required for long lines. [2M]
d) What is meant by Wave front? [2M]
e) What is meant by Ferranti effect? [3M]
f) What are the main components of overhead lines? [2M]
PART -B
2. a) What are ACSR conductors? Explain the advantages of ACSR conductors when used [7M]
for overhead lines.
b) Calculate the capacitance per phase of a three phase, three wire system by considering [7M]
earth effect, when the conductors are arranged in a horizontal plane with spacing
D12=D23=3.5m, and D31=7m. The conductors are transposed and each has a diameter
of 2.0 cm. Assume the transmission line is 4m above the ground level.
3. a) What are various parameters of a transmission line and how they are considered for [7M]
different lines?
b) A three-phase line delivers 3600 kW at a power factor 0.8 lagging to a load. If the [7M]
sending end voltage is 33 kV, determine i) receiving end voltage ii) line current iii)
transmission efficiency. The resistance and reactance of each conductor is 5.31Ω and
5.54Ω respectively.
4. a) Starting from first principles deduce expressions for ABCD constants of a long line in [7M]
terms of its parameters.
b) A 3-phase transmission line has the following constants. Resistance/ ph/ km = 0.16 [7M]
-6
ohm; reactance/ ph/km = 0.25 ohm. Shunt admittance/ph/km = 1.5×10 mho.
Calculate by rigorous method the sending end voltage and current when the line is
delivering a load P-20MW at 0.8 p.f lagging. The receiving end voltage is kept
constant at 110 kV.
5. a) Develop equivalent circuit for analyzing the behavior of traveling waves at transition [7M]
point’s transmission lines.
b) Two stations are connected together by an underground cable having a surge [7M] impedance
of 60 ohms joined to an overhead line with a surge impedance of 400 ohms. If a surge having a
maximum valve of 100 kV travels along the cable towards
the junction with the overhead line, determine the value of the reflected and
transmitted wave of voltage and current at the junction.
1 of 2
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Code No: R1631021 R16 SET-1
6. a)Explain the effect of radio interference on the performance of transmission lines. [7M]
b)Find the disruptive critical voltage and visual corona voltage (local corona as well as [7M]
general corona) for a 3 phase 220 kV line consisting of 22.26 mm diameter conductors
spaced in a 6 meters delta configuration. The following data can be considered.
Temperature 250 C, Pressure 73 cm of mercury, surface factor 0.84, irregularity factor
for local corona 0.72, irregularity factor for general corona 0.82 m.
7. a)Explain why suspension insulators are preferred for high voltage transmission lines. [7M] What
is a strain insulator and where it is used?
b) An overhead line has the following data: span length 160 meters, conductor diameter [7M]
0.95 cm, weight per unit length of the conductor 0.65 kg/meter. Ultimate stress 4,250
kg/cm2, wind pressure 40 kg/cm2 of projected area. Factor of safety 5. Calculate sag?
******
2 of 2
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Code No: R1631021 R16 SET - 2
4.a) Explain the surge impedance loading with necessary expressions. [7M]
b) A 3- phase transmission line is 480km long and serves a load of 400MVA, 0.8p.f [7M]
lag at 345kV. The ABCD constants of the line are A=D=0.818∠1.30;
B=172.2∠84.20; C=0.001933∠90.40 mhos. Determine the sending end line to
neutral voltage, the sending end current and the percent voltage drop at full load.
5. a) Discuss the phenomenon of wave reflection and refraction. Derive expression [7M]
for reflection and refraction coefficients.
b) A 200 kV, 3 s, rectangular surge travels on a line of surge impedance of 400 [7M]
ohms. The line is terminated in a capacitance of 3000 pF. Find an expression for
voltage across the capacitance.
1 of 2
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631021 R16 SET-2
7. a) Define string efficiency. Why is it necessary to have high string efficiency? How [7M]
can it be achieved?
b) A transmission line conductor having a diameter of 19.5 mm weighs 0.85 kg/m. [7M] The span
is 275 meters. The wind pressure is 40 kg/m2 of projected area with ice coating 13 mm. The
ultimate strength of the conductor is 8000 kg. Calculate the maximum sag, if the factor of
safety is 2 and ice weighs 910 kg/m3?
*****
2 of 2
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631021 R16 SET - 3
PART –A
1. a) What are the properties of conducting material? [2M]
b) How do you classify the transmission line in to short, medium and long lines. [3M]
c) Define the surge impedance loading. [2M]
d) What is a traveling wave? [2M]
e) What is the effect on resistance of solid conductors? [3M]
f) What are the needs of grading of insulators? [2M]
PART -B
2. a) What do you understand by transposition of lines? What is its effect on the [7M]
performance of the line?
b) Calculate the capacitance per phase of a three phase three wire transposed system [7M]
when the conductors are arranged at the corners of a triangle having sides of 1.0 m,
1.5 m and 2.0 m. Diameter of each conductor is 1.2 cm.
(a) a) Draw the vector diagrams of nominal-π and nominal T models of medium [7M]
transmission line. Derive the expression for voltage regulation of both the models.
b) An overhead single phase delivers 1.1MW at 33 kV at 0.9 power factor lagging [7M]
.The total resistance of the line is 10Ω and the total inductive reactance is 15Ω.
Determine (i) %voltage regulation (ii) sending end power factor (iii) transmission
efficiency.
5. a) Define surge impedance of a line. Obtain the expressions for voltage and current [7M]
waves at a junction or at transition point.
b) A 200 kV surge travels on a transmission line 400 ohms surge impedance and [7M]
reaches a junction where two branch lines of surge impedances of 500 ohms and
300 ohms are connected with the transmission line. Find the surge voltage and
current transmitted into each branch line. Also find the reflected voltage and
current.
1 of 2
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631021 R16 SET - 3
6. a) What is Ferranti effect? Deduce a simple expression for the voltage rise of an [7M]
unloaded line.
b) A 3-phase 220 kV, 50 Hz, transmission line consists of 3 cm diameter conductors [7M]
spaced 2 meters apart in equilateral triangle formation .If the temperature is 200 C
and atmospheric pressure 75 cm determine the corona loss per km of the line. Take
irregularity factor as 0.8.
7. a) Explain how sag is determined for an overhead line conductor taking into [7M]
account the effects of wind and ice loading.
b) Each of the three insulators forming a string has a self-capacitance of ‘C’ Farads. [7M] The
shunting capacitance of the connecting metal work of each insulator is 0.3 C to
earth and 0.2 C to the line. A guard ring increases the capacitance to the line of
the metal work of the lowest insulator to 0.5 C. Calculate the string efficiency of
this arrangement with the guard ring.
*****
2 of 2
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631021 R16 SET - 4
3. aWhat do you understand by the terms nominal T and nominal-π circuits? Derive [7M]
)the expressions for the ABCD constants for the nominal-π circuit of a medium
transmission line.
An overhead 3- phase transmission line delivers 5000 kW at 22kV at 0.8 power [7M]
b) factor lagging the resistance and reactance of each conductor is 4 ohms and 6
ohms respectively. Determine i) sending end voltage ii) percentage regulation
and iii) Transmission efficiency.
4.a) Explain the equivalent π method of solution for the performance of long [7M]
transmission lines? Draw a phasor diagram with the receiving end voltage as
reference.
b) Fine the network constants of a long transmission line 3 phase, 50 Hz and 150 [7M]
km long whose resistance per km is 0.2 Ω and inductance per km is 1.5 mH and
capacitance per km is 0.008 µF. Neglect the conductance of the line.
5. a) Starting from first principles show that surges behave as traveling waves find [7M]
expressions for surge impedance and wave velocity.
b) A 500 kV surge travels on an overhead line of surge impedance 400 Ω towards [7M]
its junction with a cable which has a surge impedance of 40Ω. Find i) transmitted
voltage and current, ii) reflected voltage and current.
1 of 2
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631021 R16 SET - 4
6. a) Discuss why receiving end voltage of an unloaded long line may be more than the [7M]
sending end voltage.
b) Find the disruptive critical voltage and visual corona voltage for a grid of line [7M]
operating at 132 kV. The line consisting of 1.96 cm diameter conductors spaced
3.81 meters apart. The following data can be considered. Temperature 44 0 c,
barometric Pressure 73.7 cm of mercury, conductor surface factor 0.84, fine
weather 0.8, rough weather 0.66.
7. a) Derive the expression for sag and tension when the supports are at unequal [7M]
heights.
b) A string of eight suspension discs is fitted with a grading ring. Each pin to earth [7M]
capacitance is C. If the voltage distribution is uniform find the values of line to pin
capacitances.
*****
2 of 2
V S M COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
A Good Lesson Plan is instrumental for the delivery of course content in a competent
way so that students get benefited in view of learning, developing good skill set, updating with
current trends in industry etc., Delivery including latest trends in the technology and applications
brings deep insight of the course in students. As the plan includes the home assignments,
quizzes, course projects etc., it carries out the continuous assessment of student learning (course
outcomes).
The course delivery in adherence to the lesson plan is ensured through course level audit forms
on regular basis
1.PREREQUISITES
1. Introduction and recall the concepts of thermal ,nuclear and gas power plants.
2. Requires non conventional energy sources like solar, wind and wave power.
3.Different types of energy conversion concepts.
2.COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. Familiar the fundamental of energy conversion ,solar radiation and solar geometry.
2.Understand the performance analysis of solar plate collectors and working of solar air heaters
and solar pond
3. Remember the concepts of iv characteristics of PV cells ,different kinds of MPPT techniques
4. Evaluate the power is generated from wind as source
5. Determine the how the tidal, hydal & wave power is generated
6. Analyze how the power is generated from geo thermal ,fuel cells and biomass
CO-PO Mapping
Course Programme Outcomes Weightage
Outcome
s
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
CO-1 3 1 2 3 2 3 1 1 80
CO-2 3 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 85
CO-3 2 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 2 2 85
CO-4 2 2 2 3 2 1 2 85
CO-5 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 85
CO-6 2 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 80
Rating Scale: 1 – Slightly 2 – Moderately 3 – Substantive
5.LEARNING RESOURCES:
2. Any other relevant material / links / journal publications / videos / experiments etc.
6. DELIVERY METHODOLOGIES
DM3:PPT
8.ASSESSMENT
------
Chalk &
1 Energy conservation principle 1
board+PPT
Chalk &
2 Energy scenario (world and India) 1 board+PPT
Chalk &
3 Solar radiation: Outside earth’s atmosphere – Earth surface 1 board+PPT
Chalk &
4 Analysis of solar radiation data 1 board+PPT
Chalk &
5 Geometry 2 board+PPT
Chalk &
6 Radiation on tilted surfaces 1 board
Chalk &
Numerical problems.
7 2 board
Total 11
classes
ii)TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
1) Summarise a) Solar geometry b) diffuse radiation and c) beam radiation
2) a) Explain importance of solar energy in the present day energy crisis.
b) Describe Azimuth angle, Zenith angle and coincidence angle.
3) Describe solar radiation on i ) earth surface ii ) tilted surface
ASSIGNMENT-I
1) Explain solar geometry?
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching
Total Classes 9
iii) Assignment-II
1)Explain the thermal analysis of liquid flat plate collector?
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Method of Teaching
Hrs.
Total hours 11
ii)TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
Assignment-III
1)Design a PV system sizing?
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of
Teaching
1 Chalk and
Wind patterns, Types of turbines 2
Talk+PPT
2 Kinetic energy of wind 1 Chalk and Talk
3 Betz coefficient – Tip–speed ratio – Efficiency Chalk and Talk
1
4 Power output of wind turbine – Chalk and Talk
Selection of generator(synchronous, induction)
2
5 Maximum power point tracking. Chalk and Talk
1
6 Numerical problems 1 Chalk and Talk
7 Tutorial 1 Chalk and Talk
Total hours 9
2. Define the terms: Betz coefficient, Tip speed ratio and efficiency.
3. Explain about maximum power tracking of a wind energy conversion systems?
Assignment-IV
1)Explain POWER DEVELOPED IN WIND ENERGY SCHEMES?
2) EXPLAIN WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SCHEMES?
Objectives:
At the end of this unit the student will be able to
1. Analyze the operation of small,micro power plants
2. Examine the Energy equation
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Method of
Hrs. Teaching
ii)TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
UNIT – 5
1. Evaluate the how much power is generated in below plants ?
i)tidal plant ii)small hydro plant iii)wave plant
2.Differentiate the different types of tidal power plants?
3.Identify the factors for selection of site for tidal and wave power plants?
Assignment-V
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Method of
Hrs. Teaching
Assignment-VI
1)EXPLAIN HOW THE POWER GENERATED BY BIOMASS CONVERSION SCHMES?
2) EXPLAN V-I CHARACTERISTICS OF FUEL CELLS?
PART -B
2. a) Explain the following terms used in Solar radiation analysis: [7M]
i)Hour angle ii) Solar azimuth angle iii) Declination angle
b) Explain the terms extraterrestrial radiation and terrestrial radiation w.r.t solar [7M]
radiation.
3. a) Explain in detail about the Flat plate Collectors and give its advantages and [7M]
Disadvantages.
b) Draw the schematic diagram for Solar pond based electric plant along with its [7M]
working.
4. a) Derive an expression for efficiency and power produce by PV cell. Explain the [7M]
various factors that affect the performance of cell.
b) Explain the significance of Perturb and Observe MPPT method and how it can [7M]
realized.
5. a) Find the tip – speed ratio if a 6 m diameter rotor has rotation of 20 rpm and the [7M]
wind speed is 4 m/s. What is the implication of tip speed ratio?
b) Discuss the aerodynamic considerations in wind mill design in detail. [7M]
6. a) Explain the basic components of Tidal Power Plants and give their [7M]
significance.
b) List the advantages and limitations of Small scale Hydroelectric Units. [7M]
7. a) Explain the current – voltage characteristics of Fuel Cell and give its [7M]
Significance.
b) What are the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal energy? [7M]
******
Code No: R1631022 R16 SET - 2
PART -B
2. a) Explain in detail about the Beam radiation and diffuse radiation. [7M]
b) Determine the Local Apparent Time corresponding to 1500 h (IST) [7M]
Mumbai (19007’, 750 51 E) on 1 July. In India, IST is based on 82.500 E. On 1
July, equation of time correction is equal to – 4.
3. a) Compare between the concentrating collector over Flat collector. [7M]
b) Explain the working of Solar Water heater with component based diagram. [7M]
4. a) Explain the effect of radiation intensity and temperature on the short circuit [7M]
current , open circuit voltage and power generated by PV cell.
b) Explain with a neat algorithm of Hill climbing MPPT Technique and give its [7M]
merits.
5. a) Explain Betz model of expanding air stream tube to determine extraction of [7M]
wind energy by windmill.
b) Explain the working of Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) with main [7M]
components.
6. a) Explain the basic components of Small hydroelectric scheme with a layout [7M]
arrangement.
b) Derive an expression for Power generated by a Tidal System. [7M]
*****
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631022 R16 SET - 3
4. a) Explain the various factors contributing to losses in Solar cell. How is the [7M]
efficiency reduced due to these factors.
4. Explain the PV system configuration and signify the importance of the [7M]
converter circuit and MPPT block in it.
5. a) Derive an expression for the total power of a wind stream taking in to all [7M]
considerations m/sec, air density as.
b) Find the maximum power output of a turbine if wind speed is 10 m/sec, air [7M]
3
density as 1.4 Kg/m and rotor diameter as 64 m.
*****
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631022 R16 SET - 4
PART -B
2. a) Define Solar constant. What are the reasons for variation in solar radiation [7M]
reaching the earth and that received outside the earth atmosphere?
b) Calculate the i) Zenith angle and ii) Solar azimuth angle for a place with [7M]
latitude 430 at 9.30 AM solar time on Feb 13.
6. a) Explain the different factors that affect the performance of a Flat plate [7M] collector.
b) A cylindrical parabolic concentrator is 9 m long and 2 m wide. The diameter of [7M]
absorber tube is 10 cm. Find the concentration ratio.
4. a) Explain the current – voltage characteristics of a Solar cell and define Fill [7M]
factor and give its significance.
b) Explain the significance of Maximum Power Point Tracking and explain any [7M]
one technique in detail.
5. a) List the main considerations for selecting a site for wind generator. [7M]
b) Explain the variation of output of a wind turbine with tip speed ratio of the [7M]
rotor.
6. a) Explain the different types of turbines that are used in Small scale hydroelectric [7M]
power generation.
b) What are the site requirements to construct a Tidal Power Plant? [7M]
*****
V S M COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
A Good Lesson Plan is instrumental for the delivery of course content in a competent way so
that students get benefited in view of learning, developing good skill set, updating with current trends
in industry etc., Delivery including latest trends in the technology and applications brings deep insight
of the course in students. As the plan includes the home assignments, quizzes, course projects etc., it
carries out the continuous assessment of student learning (course outcomes).
The course delivery in adherence to the lesson plan is ensured through course level audit forms on
regular basis
1.PREREQUISITES
1. Electronic Devices and Circuits 2.Electric Circuits 3. STLD
2.COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. To understand the concept of wave shaping circuits,switching characteristics of diode and
transistor.
2. To study the design and analysis of various Multivibrators.
3. To understand the functioning of different types of time-base generators.
4. To learn the working of logic families & Sampling Gates.
3.COURSE OUTCOMES (COs)
The student will be able to:
1. Design linear and non-linear wave shaping circuits.
2. Apply the fundamental concepts of wave shaping for various Switching and signal generating
circuits.
3. Design different multivibrators and the time base generators.
4. Utilize the non sinusoidal signals in many experimental research areas.
Course
Programme Outcomes Weightage
Outcomes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
CO-1 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 2 83%
CO-2 3 3 2 3 2 1 2 1 2 2 3 2 80%
CO-3 3 2 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 2 2 3 82%
CO-4 2 3 3 3 2 2 2 3 2 3 3 2 83%
3. http://www.learnabout-electronics.org/
4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CeD2L6KbtVM
5. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/pulse_circuits/index.htm
6. DELIVERY METHODOLOGIES
(i)HOME ASSIGNMENTS
On the beginning day of each unit, home assignment sheet is given to the students and the
solution sheet for the same is expected after two days of the completion of unit.
NIL
11. DETAILED COURSE DELIVERY PLAN:
UNIT – I
LINEAR WAVESHAPING: High pass, low pass RC circuits, their response for sinusoidal, step,
pulse, square, ramp and exponential inputs. RC network as differentiator and integrator; Attenuators ,
its applications in CRO probe, RL and RLC circuits and their response for step input, Ringing circuit.
Objectives: At the end of this unit the student will be able to know
To introduce students about different types of non-sinusoidal signals
Defining wave shaping
Introducing high pass and low pass RC circuits
Explaining different responses of sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal signals to high pass and low pass
RC circuits
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of
Teaching
TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
1.Prove that a low pass circuit acts as an integrator. Derive an expression for the output
voltage levels under steady state conditions of a low pass circuit excited by a ramp input.
2.An RC low-pass filter is fed witha symmetrical square wave. The peak-to-peak amplitude
of the input waveform is 10 V and its average value is zero. It is given that RC=T/2 where T
is the period of the square wave. Determine the peak-to-peak amplitude of the output
waveform.
3.The limited ramp is applied to a RC differentiator circuit.Draw the Waveforms for the
case, i)T=0.2RC ii)T=RC and iii) T=5RC.
4.Explain the response of RLC series circuit for step input with suitable waveforms?
ASSIGNMENT-I
UNIT – II
NON-LINEAR WAVE SHAPING : Diode clippers, Transistor clippers, clipping at two independent
levels,Transfer characteristics of clippers, Emitter coupled clipper; Clamping operation, clamping
circuits using diode with different inputs, Clamping circuit theorem, practical clamping circuits, effect
of diode characteristics on clamping voltage, Transfer characteristics of clampers.
TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
1. State and prove clamping circuit theorem? And explain the Transfer characteristics of
clampers.
2. Give the circuits of different types of shunt clippers and explain their operation with the
help of their transfer characteristics
3. Design and explain the clipper circuit using two -Zener diodes?
4. Classify the clamper circuit and explain any of the circuit?
Assignment-II
1. Explain about clippers and its types
UNIT – III
UNIT III
SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS OF DEVICES : Diode as a switch, piecewise linear diode
characteristics, Design and analysis of Transistor as a switch, Break down voltage consideration of
transistor, saturation parameters of Transistor and their variation with temperature, Design of
transistor switch, transistor-switching times.
Bistable Multivibrator: Analysis And Design of Fixed Bias, Self Bias Bistable Multi Vibrator,
Collector Catching Diodes, Commutating Capacitors, Triggering of Binary Circuits, Emitter Coupled
Bistable Multivibrator (Schmitt Trigger).
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Method of Teaching
Hrs.
1 Diode as a switch, piecewise linear diode characteristics, Black Board
1
2 Design and analysis of Transistor as a switch 1 Black Board
3 Break down voltage consideration of transistor 1 Black Board
4 Saturation parameters of Transistor and their variation Black Board
1
with temperature,
5 Design of transistor switch transistor-switching times. Black Board
2
6 BistableMultivibrator: Analysis And Design of Fixed Black Board
1
Bias
7 Self BiasBistable Multi Vibrator 1 Black Board
8 Triggering of Binary Circuits, 1
9 Collector Catching Diodes, Commutating Capacitors, 1 Black Board
10 Emitter Coupled BistableMultivibrator (Schmitt 1 Black Board
Trigger).
Total 11
Classes
TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
1. What are different types of multivibrators? Explain the stable state and quasi stable state of
a multivibrator.
2. Describe the sequence of events in an n-p-n transistor to change from cut-off to saturation
and vice versa. How does temperature affect the saturation junction of a transistor?
3. Explain the behavior of BJT as a switch. Give applications.
4. With suitable diagram explain the function of a basic bistable multivibrator?List out the
drawbacks with this circuit?
Assignment-III
1. Explain the working of Schmitt Trigger with a neat diagram
2. Explain the design and analysis of transistor as a switch
3. Explain about Collector Catching Diodes
UNIT – IV
Monostable Multivibrator: Analysis and Design of Collector Coupled Monostable Multi vibrator,
Triggering of Monostable Multivibrator, Applications of Monostable Multivibrator.
Astable Multivibrator: Analysis and Design of Collector Coupled Astable Multivibrator,
Application of Astable Multivibrator as a Voltage to Frequency Converter.
Objectives:
Introducing multivibrators
Explaining different types of multivibrators
Applicative areas of multivibrators
Introducing Schmitt trigger
Explaining the elimination of hysteresis
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of
Teaching
1 MonostableMultivibrator: Analysis and Design of 3 Black Board
Collector Coupled Monostable Multi vibrator
2 Triggering of MonostableMultivibrator, Applications of 2 Black Board
MonostableMultivibrator.
2 AstableMultivibrator: Analysis and Design of Collector 3 Black Board
Coupled AstableMultivibrator,
3 Application of AstableMultivibrator as a Voltage to 2 Black Board
Frequency Converter.
Total 10
classes
TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
UNIT – V
VOLTAGE TIME BASE GENERATORS:
General features of a time base signal, Methods of generating time base waveform Exponential
Sweep Circuits, Negative Resistance Switches, basic principles in Miller and Bootstrap time base
generators, Transistor Miller time base generator, Transistor Bootstrap time base generator.
Objectives:
At the end of this unit the student will be able to
Defining time base generators
Explaining methods of generating time base wave forms
Explaining boot strap and Miller sweep generator
Explaining current time base generators
Defining synchronization on one-one basis and frequency division
Explaining astable relaxation devices, mono stable relaxation devices.
Explaining synchronization of sweep circuit
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching
1 General features of a time base signal, Methods of Black Bord
generating time base waveform Exponential Sweep 3
Circuits, Negative Resistance Switches
2 Basic principles in Miller and Bootstrap time base Black Bord + PPT
generators, Transistor Miller time base generator,
3
Transistor Bootstrap time base generator.
Total 6
classes
TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
1. With the help of neat circuit diagram and waveforms explain transistor miller time base
generator?
2. Discuss about the recovery time of a sweep circuit. How do you achieve short recovery
time?
3. Draw a simple single stage transistor miller integration circuit and explain How it behaves
as a time-base circuit.
4. Draw the circuit of transistorized bootstrap generator and explain its working?
Assignment-V
1. Explain the methods of generating time base waveform Exponential Sweep Circuits.
2. Explain the Basic principles in Miller and Bootstrap time base generators
3. Explain the Transistor Bootstrap time base generator.
UNIT – VI
LOGIC FAMILIES & SAMPLING GATES:
LOGIC FAMILIES: Diode Logic, Transistor Logic, Diode-Transistor Logic, Transistor-Transistor
Logic, Emitter Coupled Logic, AOI Logic, Comparison of Logic Families.
SAMPLING GATES: Basic Operating Principles of Sampling Gates, Diode Unidirectional
Sampling Gate and Two-Diode Bi-Directional Sampling Gate, Four-Diode gates, Six-Diode Gates,
Reduction of Pedestal in Sampling Gates, Applications of Sampling Gates.
.
Objectives: At the end of this unit the student will be able to
Defining sampling gates
Classifying sampling gates
Explaining different types of sampling gates like unidirectional, bidirectional, four-diode gates
Explaining applications like chopper and sampling scope .
Define blocking oscillators
Types of blocking oscillators
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching
TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
Assignment-VI
1. Design and Explain CMOS NAND gate.
2. Compare the various logic families.
3. Draw the circuit diagram of Two input TTL NAND gate and explain its operation.
Code No: R1631024 R16 SET - 1
3. a) Draw the circuit diagram of emitter coupled clipper and explain its operation. [7M]
b) Design a diode clamper circuit to clamp the positive peaks of the input signal at [7M]
zero level. The frequency of the input voltage is 750 Hz.
4. a) Explain about diode forward recovery time and reverse recovery time. [7M]
b) Silicon transistors with hFE (min) = 20 are available. If VCC = VBB = 10 V, design [7M]
the bistable multivibrator.
5. a) Design a collector coupled one shot with a gate width of 3 ms, using n-p-n [7M]
transistors.
b) Draw the circuit diagram of collector coupled astable multivibrator and derive the [7M]
expression for frequency of oscillations.
6. a) Draw the exponential sweep circuit and derive the expression for transmission [7M]
error.
b) Explain the basic principles behind Bootstrap time base generator. [7M]
7. a) Draw the circuit diagram of two input Diode OR gate and explain it. [7M]
b) Explain the operation of six diode sampling gate. [7M]
******
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631024 R16 SET - 2
PART –A
1. a) What is an attenuator? [2M]
b) What is meant by positive clamping and negative clamping? [2M]
c) Write the applications of Schmitt trigger. [3M]
d) Define astable multivibrator. [2M]
e) Define transmission error. [2M]
f) Why sampling gates are called linear gates? [3M]
PART -B
2. a) A pulse is applied to low-pass RC circuit. Prove that area under the pulse is same as [7M]
area under the output waveform across the capacitor.
b) Explain the response of High-pass RC circuit for step input. [7M]
5. a) Derive the expression for gate width of a monostable multivibrator neglecting the [7M]
reverse saturation current ICBO.
b) Find the ratio V CC / V , if a voltage to frequency convertor generates oscillations of [7M]
frequency twice of that when V = VCC.
6. a) What is meant by time base signal? What are the general features of time base [7M]
signal? Explain.
b) Explain about transistor miller time base generator. [7M]
*****
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631024 R16 SET - 3
PART –A
1. a)When does high pass circuit act as a differentiator? [2M]
What is the difference between clipping and clamping? [2M]
Define delay time and storage time. [2M]
Find the period of output and the frequency of oscillation of an
astable multivibrator with R1 = R2 = 25 kΩ and C1 = C2 = 0.2 µF. [3M]
Define displacement error. [2M]
Write the difference between sampling gate and logic gate. [3M]
PART -B
2. a) Explain the response of Low-pass RC circuit for exponential input. [7M]
b) Draw the circuit diagram of compensated attenuator and explain it. [7M]
3. a) Draw the circuit of transistor clipper and explain its operation. [7M]
b) Design a diode clamper to restore a dc level of +5 V to an input signal of peak- [7M]
to-peak value 15 V. Assume the drop across the diode is 0.7 V and the signal
frequency is 1 kHz.
5. a) Draw the circuit diagram of collector coupled mono stable multivibrator and [7M]
explain its operation.
b) Design an astable multivibrator to generate a square wave of 1 kHz. [7M]
6. a) Explain the basic principles behind miller time base generator. [7M]
b) Discuss about the transistor bootstrap time base generator. [7M]
7. a) Draw the diode logic AND circuit and explain it. [7M]
b) Explain the operation of four diode sampling gate. [7M]
*****
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631024 R16 SET - 4
3. a) Draw the basic circuit of diode clipper and explain its operation with the help of [7M]
transfer characteristics.
b) Explain the operation of negative clamping circuit. [7M]
4. a) For a common emitter circuit, VCC = 15 V, RC = 1.5 kΩ and IB = 0.3 mA. [7M]
(i) Determine the hFE(min) for the saturation to occur.
(ii) If the RC is changed to 500 Ω , will the transistor be saturated?
b) Design a Schmitt trigger circuit to have V CC = 12 V, UTP = 6 V, LTP = 3 V, using [7M]
silicon transistors with hFE (min) = 60.
5. a) Calculate the component values of a monostable multivibrator developing an [7M]
output pulse of 500 µs duration. Assume h FE(min) = 25, ICE(sat) = 5 mA, VCC = 10
V, and VBB = -4V.
b) Explain how an astable multivibrator can be used as a voltage to frequency [7M]
convertor.
6. a) With necessary waveforms, explain the operation of UJT Relaxation oscillator. [7M]
b) What are the different methods to generate time base waveforms? Explain. [7M]
7. a) Draw the circuit diagram of TTL NAND gate and explain it. [7M]
b) Explain the basic principle behind sampling gate. [7M]
*****
III B.Tech I - Sem T P C
3+1 0 3
V S M COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS
ENGINEERING
A Good Lesson Plan is instrumental for the delivery of course content in a competent way so
that students get benefited in view of learning, developing good skill set, updating with current trends
in industry etc., Delivery including latest trends in the technology and applications brings deep insight
of the course in students. As the plan includes the home assignments, quizzes, course projects etc., it
carries out the continuous assessment of student learning (course outcomes).
The course delivery in adherence to the lesson plan is ensured through course level audit forms on
regular basis
1.PREREQUISITES
1 .Be familiar with the Circuit Theory and Theory of electrical engineering and Advanced
mathematics,.
2.Knowledge of semiconductor devices
2.COURSE OBJECTIVES
1. Describe the characteristics of various power semi conductor devices and to design firing circuits for
SCR.
2. examine the different switching devices with respect to their characteristics
3. Analyze different converters and control with their applications
4.Illustrate the operation of controlled rectifiers
5.To study the performance of three phase controlled rectifiers
6.To understand the inverters and PWM schemes
Remember the characteristics of various power semi conductor devices and to design firing circuits for
SCR.
Analyze different converters and control with their applications, operation of single phase full–wave
converters and analyze harmonics in the input current.
Understand the operation of three phase full–wave converters.
Evaluate the operation of different types of DC-DC converters.
Understand the operation of inverters and application of PWM techniques for voltage control and
harmonic mitigation.
Evaluate the operation of AC-AC regulators
CO-PO Mapping
Course Programme Outcomes Weightage
Outcomes
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
CO-1 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 88%
CO-2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 85%
CO-3 3 3 3 1 2 2 1 2 3 1 2 1 85%
CO-4 1 2 2 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 80%
CO-5 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 84%
CO-6 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 1 84%
Rating Scale: 1 – Slightly 2 – Moderately 3 – Substantive
5.LEARNING RESOURCES:
7. Any other relevant material / links / journal publications / videos / experiments etc.
6. DELIVERY METHODOLOGIES
DM3:PPT
8.ASSESSMENT
1.
unit wise questions
2. Assignment 5
3. Internal Examination 25
4. External Examination 70
1) Pspice
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of
Teaching
Total 12
classes
ii)TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
ASSIGNMENT-I
1)Explain the opearation of an SCR ?and draw its static V-I characteristics
2)Explain the following terms of an SCR
a)Over voltage protection b) dI/dt protection c) gate protection
3)A string of four scr’s is provided in static and dynamic equalizing circuits .This string has to
with stand an off state Voltage of 12Kv ,the static equalizing resistance is 20kohms,the
dynamic equalizing circuit has rc 20ohms c=0.04f. The leakage for 4thyristors are 20
ma,15ma,12ma,10ma.respectively.Determine the voltage across each scr in off state .the
discharging current of each capacitor at the time of turn on.
UNIT–II: AC-DC Single-Phase Converters
1-phase half wave controlled rectifiers – R load and RL load with and without freewheeling diode – 1-phase
full wave controlled rectifiers – center tapped configuration and bridge configuration- R load and RL load
with and without freewheeling diode – continuous and discontinuous conduction – Effect of source
inductance in 1-phase fully controlled bridge rectifier with continuous conduction
Objectives: At the end of this unit the student will be able to
2. Describe the operation of a single phase full-wave converter with the help of voltage and
current waveforms. Also derive the expression for average value of output voltage.
3. A single phase half controlled bridge converter is supplied a 230V, 50Hz. Determine the
average load voltage for firing angle of 600. If load current of 30A is continuous and constant,
what is the value of load resistance?
4. Describe the working of single phase half controlled converter for alfa = 30 0 with relevant
waveforms and derive expression for average output voltage.
iii) Assignment-II
1) a) List Out The Advantages Of Freewheeling Diode ?
b) Discuss The Operation Of Single Phase Half Wave Converter With R –Load And Derive
Its Ouput Voltage And Rms Voltage
2) A single phase ,230v,50hz, is connected to a fully controlled rectifier with r-l load .assume
voltage drop across the scr is zero,load current is continous.
Where r= 5 ohms,firing angle =60 degrees,and 120 find,
a) Vout b) vdc( max) c)vo(rms) d) io(avg)
3)a) Adavantages Of Full Wave Controlled Circuit Over Mid Point Converter .
b) Define The Following Terms
i) firing angle ii)overlap angle iii) extension
UNIT–III: AC-DC3-Phase Converters
3-phase half wave and Full wave uncontrolled rectifier – 3-phase half wave controlled rectifier with R and RL
load – 3-phase fully controlled rectifier with R and RL load – 3-phase semi controlled rectifier with R and RL
load.
Objectives: At the end of this unit the student will be able to
2)Describe the working of three phase half controlled converter with R load for a=30 with
relevant waveforms and derive the expression for average output voltage.
3. Draw the circuit diagram of three – phase half –wave controlled rectifier with R load and
explain its operating principle with voltage and current waveforms. Determine the following
parameters for R load with firing angle a = 60
(a) dc output voltage (b) Average dc load current (c) rms output voltage (d) rms load
current
ii)TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
1. A 3-phase fully controlled bridge converter is supplying DC-load of 400V, 60A from a3 phase,
50Hz, 660V (line) supply. If the thyristors have a voltage drop of 1.2V when conducting, then
neglecting overlap, compute.
a) Firing angle of thyristor.
b) RMS value of thyristor currents.
c) Mean power loss in thyristors .
3) A three – phase half –wave controlled rectifier is connected to a 3F, 220 V, 50 Hz acsupply and it
is also connected with a resistive load of 5 Ω. If the firing angle of thyristor is 60calculate (i) dc
output voltage, (ii) rms value of output voltage, (iii) average output.
3) Draw the variation of output voltage with respect to firing angle of three phase semi converter.
Assignment-III
1)Draw the ckt diagram of three phase half wave controlled rectifier with R-Load and explain its
operating priniciple with voltage and current wave forms. determine the following parameters for R –
load with firing angle =60 degree
a)vout b) avg dc current c)Vo(rms) d) Io (RMS)
2)Draw the circuit diagram of 3 phase bridge converter with R-L Load &Discuss its working
principle .Draw the voltage and current waveforms. Determine the following parameters
a)vout b) avg dc current c)Vo(rms) d) Io (RMS)
UNIT–IV: DC–DC Converters
Analysis of Buck, boost and buck, buck-boost converters in Continuous Conduction Mode (CCM) and
Discontinuous Conduction Modes (DCM) – Output voltage equations using volt-sec balance in CCM & DCM
output voltage ripple & inductor current, ripple for CCM only – Principle operation of forward and fly back
converters in CCM.
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of
Teaching
ii)TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
1)Explain the operation of Boost chopper with relevant waveforms and derive the expression
for average output voltage?
2. a) State the current limit control? Explain the difference between current limit control
and time ratio control. Why current limit control is proffered over any other control
strategies?
3. Discuss the principle of operation of BUCK-Boost converter
4).A step – down chopper has a load resistance of 20 Ω and input dc voltage is 200 V, When
the chopper switch is ON, the voltage across semiconductor switch is 2 V. If the chopping
frequency is 1.5 k Hz and duty ratio is 40%, determine (a) average dc output voltage, ( b) rms
output voltage and ( c) efficiency of chopper.
Assignment-IV
4) a) List the advantage and disadvantage of the buck chopper.
b) A chopper circuit is operating on TRC principle at frequency of 2 kHz on 220Vd.c supply,
if the load voltage is 170 V compute the conduction and blocking period of thyristor in each
cycle
2) Illustrate the operation of Boost chopper with relevant waveforms and derive the
expression for average output voltage.
3) a)Enumerate The Opeartion Of Forward Converter In CCM Only?
b) Explain The Concept Of TRC In Dc To Dc Converter?
.
Objectives:
At the end of this unit the student will be able to
7. Analyze the operation of a Single phase inverters
8. Examine the operation of a Three phase Inverters
9. Introspect various PWM techniques
.
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Hrs. Method of Teaching
1 1 Chalk andtalk
1- p single phase half bridge inverters with R-load
2 1- psingle phase full bridge inverters with R-load 1 Chalk andtalk
3 1-p half bridge inverters with RL-load 1 Chalk andtalk
1- p full bridge inverters with RL-load
4 3-three phase square wave inverters-– 1200 conduction and 2 PPT
1800 conduction modes of operation
5 PWM inverters – Quasi-square wave pulse width modulation 1 Chalk andtalk
– Sinusoidal pulse width modulation
6 Prevention of shoot through fault in Voltage Source 1 Chalk andtalk
Inverter (VSI)
7 Current Source Inverter (CSI) 1 Chalk andtalk
8 Intr oduction to Auto Sequential Commutated Current Source 1 Chalk andtalk
Inverter (ASCCSI)
9 Industrial applications ofchoppers 1 PPT
Total classes 10
2. What are pulse width modulated inverters? What are the different PWM techniques used in inverter ?
3 . a) Explain the principle of operation of an inverter b)How is the output voltage and frequency of a PWM
inverter varied?
4. Explain the operation of single phase bridge inverter with the help of load, voltage and current
waveforms?
ii)TUTORIAL QUESTIONS
1.A single-phase full-bridge inverter is controlled by sinusoidal pulse-width modulation technique.
The input der voltage is 300 V The reference signal is more than control signal from 20° to 50°, 80°
to 100° and 140° to 170° in each half-cycle. Determine the output voltage
2. What are the advantages of PWM techniques?
Assignment-V
1)Describe the operation of single phase half-bridge inverter with RL load?
2)Analyse the operation of single phase Full bridge inverter with RL load
UNIT – VI: AC – AC Regulators.
Static V-I characteristics of TRIAC and modes of operation – 1-phase AC-AC regulator phase
angle control and integrated cycle control with R and RL load – For continuous and discontinuous
conduction- 3-Phase AC-AC regulators with R load only – Transformer tap changing using anti
parallel Thyristors.
Lecture Plan:
S.No Description of Topic No. of Method of Teaching
Hrs.
21-phase AC-AC regulator phase angle control with with R and 2 Chalk and talk
RL load
For continuous and discontinuous conduction
33-Phase AC-AC regulators with R load 1 Chalk and talk
4Transformer tap changing using anti parallel Thyristors 2 Chalk and talk
5Iindstrial applications of ac voltage regulator and ac cyclo 2 Chalk and talk
converter
Total 8
classes
i)UNIT WISE QUESTIONS
1)Draw the output voltage waveform of single phase AC voltage controller with RL
load.?
2)Explain the operation of single phase AC voltage controller with R load. Draw the
necessary waveforms
3)A Single phase half wave AC voltage controller has a resistive load of R=10Ω and the
input voltage isVs=120V,60Hz.The delay angle of thyristor is ά=π/2.Determine i) the
rms value of output voltage V0, ii) The input power factor, and iii) the average input
current
2) A 230V, 1kW electric heater is fed through a single phase AC voltage controller from
230V, 50Hz Source. Find the load power for a firing angle delay of 700. Derive the
expression used.
Assignment-VI
b)Describe the operation of single phase HalF wave AC Voltage controller with R load?
2)A single phase full wave ac voltage controller is connected with a load of R= 10ohms with an
input voltage of 230v , 50hz . when the firing angle is 45 degrees .determine the power
delivered to the load ,output current( avg),.
Code No: R1631025 R16 SET - 1
5. a) Explain the operating principle of dc chopper with a suitable diagram. Draw the [10M]
voltage and current waveforms of chopper. Derive expressions for average
output voltage and rms output voltage.
b) Discuss the principle of operation of Buck-Boost converter. [4M]
7. a) What are pulse width modulated inverters? What are the different PWM [7M]
techniques used in inverter?
b) With the help of a neat circuit diagram and waveforms, explain the operation of [7M]
3-phase bridge inverter with R load.
*****
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631025 R16 SET - 2
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631025 R16 SET - 3
3. a) Draw the circuit diagram of a single – phase full wave controlled rectifier using [7M]
centre tap transformer with R load and find dc output voltage.
b) A single phase fully controlled bridge converter with RL load is supplied from 220 [7M]
V, 50 Hz ac supply. If the firing angle is 45 o, determine i) average output voltage, ii)
output current iii) input power factor.
4. a) Draw the circuit diagram of a three phase bridge converter with RL load. Discuss [14M]
its working principle. Draw the voltage and current waveforms. Determine the
following parameters:
i) dc output voltage ii) average dc load current iii) rms output voltage
iv) rms load current .
5. With the help of a neat circuit diagram and associated waveforms, discuss the [14M]
operation of Buck-Boost converter.
6. a) Draw the single – phase bidirectional ac voltage controller with R load and explain its [7M]
working principle with waveforms.
b) Draw the waveforms for 3-phase a.c voltage regulator for R load for firing angle 60 o [7M]
7. Explain the working of TRIAC as voltage controller with R load and draw the [14M]
relevant waveforms.
*****
|''|'''||''||'''||||
Code No: R1631025 R16 SET - 4
3. a) What is the effect of source inductance in single –phase full – wave controlled [10 M]
bridge rectifier with RL load? (b) Draw the voltage and current waveforms
b) Explain how a free – wheeling diode improves power factor in a converter. [4M]
4. Draw the circuit diagram of 3 – phase half –wave controlled rectifier with RL [14M]
load and explain its operating principle with voltage and current waveforms.
Determine the following parameters for RL load with firing angle α = 30o :
5. dc output voltage ii) Average dc load current iii) rms output voltage
7. rms load current v) Ripple factor
5. With help of neat circuit diagram and associated waveforms discuss the [14M]
operation of a Buck converter in continuous conduction mode and
discontinuous conduction mode.
6. Derive the expression for rms output voltage of bidirectional 1-phase ac [14M]
voltage controller with RL load. And draw the relevant waveforms.
7. Explain the working of a 1-phase full bridge Inverter with RL load. Draw the [14M]
relevant output waveforms.
*****