Parallelism

WORKPLAN
◈ Diary entry
◈ Worksheet 1 on Pronoun-Antecedent Agreement
◈ Discussion on Parallelism
◈ Wrap-up/5S

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 Worksheet on
Pronoun-Antecedent
Agreement
PARALLELISM
The balance between two or more similar words,
phrases or clauses
 What is Parallelism?
◈ The balance between two or more similar words,
phrases or clauses.
◈ Parallelism is also called parallel structure or
parallel construction.
◈ Parallel construction prevents awkwardness,
promotes clarity and improves writing style, and
readability.
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 What are the rules of Parallelism?
1. Parallelism is used to balance nouns with nouns, prepositional phrases
with prepositional phrases, participles with participles, infinitives with
infinitives, clauses with clauses.

Examples:
Incorrect: Daryl likes hiking, swimming, and to ride a bicycle.
Correct: Daryl likes hiking, swimming, and riding a bicycle.

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 What are the rules of Parallelism?
2. Parallelism is used with elements joined by coordinating conjunctions.
Examples:
Incorrect: My sister likes cooking and to read.
Correct: My sister like cooking and reading.

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 What are the rules of Parallelism?
3. Parallelism is used within lists or in a series.
Examples:
Incorrect: This task can be done individually, in pairs, or can be
done in groups of four.
Correct: This task can be done individually, in pairs, or in groups
of four.

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 What are the rules of Parallelism?
4. Parallelism is used with elements being compared.
Examples:
Incorrect: She is mad about watching TV more than read a book.
Correct: She is mad about watching TV more than reading a book.

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 What are the rules of Parallelism?
5. Parallelism is used with elements joined by a linking verb or a form of be.
Examples:
Incorrect: To learn is understanding the world.
Correct: To learn is to understand the world.

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 What are the rules of Parallelism?
6. Parallelism is used with elements joined by a linking words.
Examples:
Incorrect: The teacher not only wants his students to keep quiet
but also students to do the task.
Correct: The teacher wants his students not only to keep quiet
but also to do the task.

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Individual Exercise

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1. Tom has a beautiful wife, a big house and he has lovely children.
2. Complaints were made by teachers and administrators also.
3. I learned to be attentive to my teachers and I do my homework.
4. She was known for her beauty and generous.
5. This is what I want: to study hard, to get the best grades and getting a good job
when I graduate.
6. I advise you to: sleep early, eat healthy food and exercising regularly.
7. She played basketball, had a shower and gone to school.
8. I consider your behavior rude, irresponsible, and I think it is offensive.
9. She decided to forget about her ex-boyfriend, start a new relationship and to
working hard on her project.
10. To apply to this job you need to have university degree in linguistics and having
that five year experience as an interpreter.

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Answers:
1. Tom has a beautiful wife, a big
house and he has lovely children.
2. Complaints were made by
teachers and administrators also.
3. I learned to be attentive to my
teachers and I do my homework.
4. She was known for her beauty
and generous.
5. This is what I want: to study hard,
to get the best grades and
getting a good job when I graduate.

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 Answers:
6. I advise you to: sleep early, eat healthy
food and exercising regularly.
7. She played basketball, had a shower
and gone to school.
8. I consider your behavior rude,
irresponsible, and I think it is offensive.
9. She decided to forget about her ex-
boyfriend, start a new relationship and
to working hard on her project.
10. To apply to this job you need to have
university degree in linguistics and
having that five year experience as an
interpreter.

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Wrap-up/5S

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