CHAPTER 6

Exercise 6.2

∆y 4(x + ∆x)2 + 9 − (4x2 + 9)

1. (a) = = 8x + 4∆x
∆x ∆x

(b) dy/dx = f 0 (x) = 8x

(c) f 0 (3) = 24 and f 0 (4) = 32

2.

∆y
(a) = 10x + 5∆x − 4
∆x
(b) dy/dx = 10x − 4

(c) f 0 (2) = 16 f 0 (3) = 26

3.

∆y
(a) = 5; a constant function.
∆x
(b) No; dy/dx = 5.

Exercise 6.4

1. Left-side limit = right-side limit = 15. Yes, the limit is 15.

2. The function can be rewritten as q = (v3 + 6v2 + 12)/v = v 2 + 6v + 12 (v 6= 0). Thus

(a) lim q = 12 (b) lim q = 28 (c) lim q = a2 + 6a + 12
v→0 v→2 v→a

3. (a) 5 (b) 5

4. If we choose a very small neighborhood of the point L + a2 , we cannot find a neighborhood of

N such that for every value of v in the N-neighborhood, q will be in the (L + a2 )-neighborhood.

Exercise 6.5

1. (a) Adding −3x − 2 to both sides, we get −3 < 4x. Multiplying both sides of the latter by
1/4, we get the solution −3/4 < x.

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 (b) The solution is x < −9.

(c) The solution is x < 1/2

(d) The solution is −3/2 < x.

2. The continued inequality is 8x − 3 < 0 < 8x. Adding −8x to all sides, and then multiplying
by −1/8 (thereby reversing the sense of inequality), we get the solution 0 < x < 3/8.

3.

(a) By (6.9), we can write −6 < x + 1 < 6. Subtracting 1 from all sides, we get −7 < x < 5
as the solution.

(b) The solution is 2/3 < x < 2.

(c) The solution is −4 ≤ x ≤ 1.

Exercise 6.6

1. (a) lim q = 7 − 0 + 0 = 7
v→0

(b) lim q = 7 − 27 + 9 = −11

v→3

(c) lim q = 7 + 9 + 1 = 17
v→−1

2.

(a) lim q = lim (v + 2) · lim (v − 3) = 1(−4) = −4

v→−1 v→−1 v→−1

(b) lim q = 2(−3) = −6

v→0

(c) lim q = 7(2) = 14

v→5

3.

(a) lim q = lim (3v + 5)/ lim (v + 2) = 5/2 = 2 12

v→0 v→0 v→0

(b) lim q = (15 + 5)/(5 + 2) = 20/7 = 2 67

v→5

(c) lim q = (−3 + 5)/(−1 + 2) = 2/1 = 2

v→−1

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Exercise 6.7

1. For example,

2. (a) lim q = N 2 − 5N − 2 = g(N ) (b) Yes. (c) Yes.

v→N

3. (a) lim q = (N + 2)/(N 2 + 2) = g(N )

v→N

(b) Yes. (c) The function is continuous in the domain

4. (a) No. (b) No, because f (x) is not defined at x = 4;

i.e., x = 4 is not in the domain of the function.
(c) for x 6= 4, the function reduces to y = x − 5, so lim y = −1.
x→4

5. No, because q = v + 1, as such, is defined at every value of v, whereas the given rational
function is not defined at v = 2 and v = −2. The only permissible way to rewrite is to qualify
the equation q = v + 1 by the restrictions v 6= 2 and v 6= −2.

6. Yes; each function is not only continuous but also smooth.

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