DEFINTION OF TERMS

ALKYNES - are organic chemical compounds specifically hydrocarbons containing

carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) atoms, where a certain feature that makes them recognized
as alkynes is the presence of triple bonds. Chemical compounds in their chemical
structures that have triple and double bonds are unsaturated, therefore, alkynes are
unsaturated.
ACETYLENE - also known as Ethyne is the simplest, well-known and most basic
member of the hydrocarbon series containing one or more pairs of carbon atoms linked
by triple bonds which are called acetylenic series or alkynes.
ACETYLIDE - The acetylides of silver, copper, mercury, and gold are detonated by heat,
friction, or shock. In addition to its reactive hydrogen atom, the carbon–carbon triple
bond can readily add halogens, halogen acids, hydrogen cyanide, alcohols, amines, and
amides.
BROMINE - at ambient temperature bromine is a brownish-red liquid. It has a similarly
colored vapor with an offensive and suffocating odor. It is the only nonmetallic element
that is liquid under ordinary conditions, it evaporates easily at standard temperature and
pressures in a red vapor that has a strong disagreeable odor resembling that of chlorine.
CALCIUM CARBIDE - any class of chemical compounds in which an ion of carbon is
combined with a metallic or semi-metallic element is called a carbide. Calcium carbide is
the major source of acetylene and other chemicals, whereas the carbides of silicon,
tungsten, and several other elements are valued for their physical hardness, strength, and
resistance to chemical attack even at very high temperatures.
COPPER-AMMONIA AMMONIUM CHLORIDE REAGENT - The substance is a
white solid sparingly soluble in water, but very soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Impure samples appear green due to the presence of copper(II) chloride (CuCl2).
POTASSIUM PERMAGRANATE - appears as a purplish colored crystalline solid.
Noncombustible but accelerates the burning of combustible material. If the combustible
material is finely divided the mixture may be explosive. Contact with liquid combustible
materials may result in spontaneous ignition. Contact with sulfuric acid may cause fire or
explosion. Used to make other chemicals and as a disinfectant.
UNSATURATION - In the lab, saturation may be thought of as the point when a solution
cannot dissolve anymore of a substance added to it. In terms of degrees of unsaturation, a
molecule only containing single bonds with no rings is considered saturated.
CH3CH2CH3 (1-methyoxypentane). Unlike saturated molecules, unsaturated molecules
contain double bond(s), triple bond(s) and/or ring(s).
TOLLEN’s TEST - Tollens’ test, also known as silver-mirror test, is a qualitative
laboratory test used to distinguish between an aldehyde and a ketone. It exploits the fact
that aldehydes are readily oxidized, whereas ketones are not. Tollens’ test uses a reagent
known as Tollens’ reagent, which is a colorless, basic, aqueous solution containing silver
ions coordinated to ammonia [Ag(NH3)2+]. It is prepared using a two-step procedure.
WATER DISPLACEMENT is a type of fluid displacement, which is simply the principle
that the space of any object placed in a fluid causes the fluid to no longer occupy its
certain former volume of space. The fluid however cannot simply disappear that is why
when objects are placed within liquids in containers, its overall height rises.

Alkynes: Properties, Uses, Formula & Examples. (n.d.) Retrieved from:

https://study.com/academy/lesson/alkynes-properties-uses-formula-examples.html
Acetylene. (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://www.britannica.com/science/acetylene
Acetylide. (n.d.). Retrieved from: https://www.britannica.com/science/acetylide
BADGER, W.L. (1920). The Determination of Oxygen by the Copper-Ammonia
Ammonium Chloride Reagent. Journal of Industrial & Engineering Chemistry. 1920 12
(2), pg. 161-164.
Bromine – Br. (n.d.). Retrieved from:
https://www.lenntech.com/periodic/elements/br.htm#ixzz6FpCNWJO7
Degree of Unsaturation. (n.d.). Retrieved from:
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_
%28Organic_Chemistry%29/Alkenes/Properties_of_Alkenes/Degree_of_Unsaturation
Potassium Permanganate. (n.d.). Retrieved from:
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Potassium-permanganate
Tollen’s Test. (June 6, 2019). Retrieved from:
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_
%28Organic_Chemistry
%29/Aldehydes_and_Ketones/Reactivity_of_Aldehydes_and_Ketones/Tollens
%E2%80%99_Test
What Is Water Displacement? (n.d.). Retrieved from:
https://www.reference.com/science/water-displacement-49e0d3a4893685e2
ZUMDAHL, S.S. (n.d.). Carbides. Retrieved from:
https://www.britannica.com/science/carbide#ref998751