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Section B [15 mark]

Answer all questions.

Write the answers in the spaces provided.

"
16 (a) The first seven ionisation energies of elementX are given in the table below.

Ionisation energy!kJ moJ-1

First Second Third Fourth Fifth Sixth Seventh
1402 2856 4578 7475 9445 53267 64360

By using the above data, deduce the group for element X in the Periodic Table. [3]

(b) The melting points of the oxides of Period 3 elements are shown in the table below.

Oxide Nap MgO Al20 3 Si02 P4010 S03

Melting point/ ° C 1275 2852 2072 1703 300 -10

Based on the above data,

(i) determine the type of structures of Al20 3 , Si02 and S03 , [3]

Al203: .............................................................................................................................................. .

(ii) explain why the melting point of MgO is higher than that of Na20. [2]
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17 The reaction of halide ions with concentrated sulphuric acid can be used as a chemical test of
halide ions. The result of halide ions, X, Y and Z, react with concentrated sulphuric acid are shown
in the table below.

Halide ion Observ.ation

"
x White fumes
y Purple vapour
z Brown vapour

(a) Identify X, Y and Z. [3]

_,,¥: .........................................................................................................................................................

Y: .... :.................................................................................................................................................. ..

Z: .........................................................................................................................................................

(b) Write the equations involve in the formation of the brown vapour. [2]

(c) Arrange the halogen halides, H¥, HY and HZ in ascending order of acidity. [1]

(d) Why Xforms only white fumes? [11

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19 (a) The atomic radius and melting points of Group 2 elements are given in the table below.

Element Atomic radius (pm) Melting point ( 0 C)

Mg 145 650
Ca 194 "' 842
Sr 219 777
Ba 253 727

Explain the trend in the melting points of Group 2 elements. [5]

(b) Compare the thermal stability ofMg(N03 )2 with that ofMg(OH)2 • [6]
(c) An aqueous solution ofBeC12 contains [Be(H2 0)4 ] and Ct. Identify whether the solution
2+

is acidic or basic. Explain the properties of the solution. [4]

20 (a) Silicon, a semiconductor material used for the production of silicon chips. Why is silicon
a semiconductor while diamond is not? Explain your answer in terms of energy band. [7]
(b) Explain the differences between carbon dioxide and silicon dioxide in terms of their
structure and physical properties. [8]