6.

1 Detailed Mass Estimation

6.1.1 Introduction:
In this chapter we deal with the weight of each every item carried on board and also
the vertical and horizontal center of gravity of the items. LCG and VCG of all the
items are measured from aft perpendicular and keel respectively. Total weight of the
vessel is also called displacement.

Displacement of the ship is the sum of lightship mass and the dead weight of the ship

6.1.2 Light Ship Mass Calculation:

Light ship mass consist of -

1) Steel mass
2) Outfit mass
3) Engine plant mass
4) Tank & Insulation mass

6.1.3 Steel mass (Watson & Thomas Lamb)

SE = SE7 1+0.5 (CB8-0.7 
1.36
SE7 = KE
= 20632.85 t
K (For LNG Carriers K is 0.030 to 0.034) Taken0.033
CB0.8 = CB + { 1- CB   0.8D-T  }/3T =0.815
SE = 21814.78 t
Giving some allowance for structural steel mass, selected steel mass = 23100 t
LCG of steel mass = -0.15 + LCB (Watson formula)

Where, LCB & LCG are in % of LBP.



LCG = -0.15+50.865

= 50.715% of LBP

= 136.01 m (from AP)

2
VCG of steel mass = 0.01 D [46.6+0.135(0.81-CB) (L/D) ] Kupras equation
= 12.42 m (from keel)
6.1.4 Outfit Mass [Ref: 10]
OU = MOU  L B
MOU = Mou1 + Mou2  L
 = 0.37 + (-0.00057268.2)
= 0.22 t
OU = 2554.87 t
Giving allowance for trunk Deck & piping etc. selected outfit mass = 3600t

LCG = it is assumed that 25% of outfit wt. is at LCG of

machinery, 37.5% at LCG of deck house and remaining 37.5% at midship.
LCG = 0.25x17.2+0.375x100+0.375x134.1
= 92.08 m (from AP)
VCG = D+2.50 =28.60 m
6.1.5 Tank and Insulation Mass [Ref: 13]
Tank and insulation weight of the membrane containment for the LNG Carrier can be
obtained by calculating the surface area of each tank and then multiplying this
surface area with weight to surface area ratio as given by GTT (GAZ Transport &
Technigaz).
For GTT NO.96 membrane containment wt/surface area ratio = 138 kg/m2

Surface area of all the four tanks = 17852.58 m2

 Tank and Insulation Mass = 21217.39 x 138 = 2928 t
LCG = 140m & VCG = 16.44m

6.1.6 Engine Plant Mass [Ref: 10]

0.78
EP = 0.72x (MCR)
= 0.72x (39900) ^0.78 = 2793.13 t
As dual fuel engine is more heavier compared to other diesel engines some
allowance must be given for the engine plant mass estimation , hence selected steel
mass = 3000 t.
EP = EPR + PROP + SHAFT + ME
3
PROP = 0.141(Ae/Ao) D
= 66.68 t
Ae/Ao = 0.77
LCG of propeller = 4.20 m (from AP)
VCG of propeller = 4.50 m (from keel)
2/3
Weight of the shaft = 0.097(PB/N)  length of the shaft
2/3
SHAFT = 0.097(39900/113) 26.35
 = 127.69 t
LCG of shaft = 13.20 m from AP
VCG of shaft = 4.50 m

ME, Weight of main engine = 621 t

LCG of main engine = 25.55m

VCG of main engine = 12 m
EPR, Rest Of engine plant mass= 2184.63t
LCG of remainder weight = 25.55m
VCG of remainder weight = 12 m
Light ship mass = Steel mass+ Outfit Mass+ Engine Plant Mass
The table 6.1 below gives the lightship mass:

Table 6.1– Lightship Mass & Centers

ITEM MASS(t) LCG(m) VCG(m)
steel mass 23100.00 136.27 12.42
outfit mass 3600.00 92.08 28.60
engine mass 621.00 25.55 12.00
shaft mass 127.69 13.20 4.50
propeller mass 66.68 4.20 4.50
remaining engine plant mass 2184.63 17.20 12.31
Tank+Insulation 2928.00 140.00 16.44


 Light ship mass = 32628 t

LCG of Light ship = 120.90 m from AP

VCG of Light ship = 14.50 m from keel

6.2 Dead Weight Calculation [Ref: 11]

Dead weight consists of: -

1) Mass of stores
2) Mass of crews
3) Mass of water ballast
4) Mass of cargo
6.2.1 Mass of stores
-6
Mass of Diesel fuel oil, DFO = SFC  PB  hours of travel  10
= 180 3990036010-6 = 2585.52t
As there is enough space available in the vessel apart from the cargo space
requirement so the vessel can be loaded with greater fuel oil for greater endurance
and to satisfy the required deadweight to achieve the design draft.
So, mass of diesel fuel oil taken = 3000 t
DFO = 3000 t
Density of DFO = 0.90t/m3
Volume of DFO = 3333.33 m3
Mass of Lube oil, LUB OIL = 0.0585x (DFO)
= 175.5t
 Mass of Fresh water
-3
Mass of fresh water (FW) = Volume x complement x days of voyage x 10 t
Total complement = 41
DRINKING WATER = 20 Liters/Person/Day
WASHING WATER
Providing 10% allowance = 120 Liters/Person/Day for Officers
= 60 Liters/Person/Day for Crew
 FW = [(20417.5) + (60247.5) +
(120177.5)]
= 32.25t
Total mass of Fresh water = 385 t (additional fresh water
requirement for cooling of machineries)
LCG of fresh water tank = 1.67m from AP
VCG of fresh water tank = 19.5 m from keel
Total mass of Distilled water = 400.94 t (for cooling of boilers)
LCG of Distilled water tank = 10.5m from AP
VCG of Distilled water tank = 19.5 m from keel
PROVISION = 4.06 t
CREW AND EFFECTS = 4.92 t
Mass of stores = 3970.42 t (weight of DFO + LO +
FW+DW + Provision + Crew)
Mass of water ballast = 54566.62 t (To achieve the proper draft when
vessel departs in fully ballast condition. Vessel is designed for one way fully loaded
with zero ballast and in return way with fully ballast)
Deadweight = Displacement –Light Ship Mass
= 68468.1 t
Displacement = 101096.10 t
 Mass of cargo = volume of cargo x density of cargo
= 140029.70x0.47 = 65813.96t
But the maximum cargo that can be loaded is 98% (as per IGC Code), so the mass of
cargo when tanks are 98% filled = 64497.68t
Mass of cargo is 90.99% of deadweight.

6.3 Capacity Calculation

6.3.1 Introduction
During the preliminary stages of design it is necessary to calculate the
amount of cargo each hold can carry and the volume of other spaces within the ship,
and also the location and centers of gravity of all these spaces which will come in
handy during the trim and stability calculations. These calculations are termed,
Capacity calculations, and the curves representing them are called capacity curves.

6.3.2 Procedure
The capacity calculations can be done by the software like AutoHydros, GHS etc. In
this project, the calculations have been done by using AutoHydros software. The
longitudinal center of gravity (LCG) and the vertical center of gravity (VCG) are also
calculated all together with the capacity of the tanks.
Given below are the capacities of the spaces in the ship:

6.3.3 Cargo Tank Capacities (density = 0.47 t/m3)


Compartment Capacities(m3) L.C.G(m) from AP V.C.G(m) from base

No.1 Cargo Tank 23275.64 210.74 16.44

No.2 Cargo Tank 40471.47 170.24 16.44

No.3 Cargo Tank 40471.47 123.12 16.44

No.4 Cargo Tank 35811.12 79.87 16.44

Total= 140029.70
Table 6.2- Cargo Hold Capacity
 6.3.4 Ballast Water Capacity (density = 1.025 t/m3)

Compartment Capacities(m3) L.C.G(m) from AP V.C.G(m) from base

F.P.TK 1706.30 262.41 10.86
FWD Deep WB TK(P) 1575.70 241.38 12.01
FWD Deep WB TK(S) 1575.70 241.38 12.01
No.1 DB.W.B.TK(P) 2046.08 212.05 2.70
No.1 DB.W.B.TK(S) 2046.08 212.05 2.70
No.1 W.W.B.TK(P) 3982.13 216.54 18.70
No.1 W.W.B.TK(S) 3982.13 216.54 18.70
No.2 DB.W.B.TK(P) 3296.39 169.67 2.29
No.2 DB.W.B.TK(S) 3296.39 169.67 2.29
No.2 W.W.B.TK(P) 2362.10 170.19 18.34
No.2 W.W.B.TK(S) 2362.10 170.19 18.34
No.3 DB.W.B.TK(P) 3405.56 122.6 2.29
No.3 DB.W.B.TK(S) 3405.56 122.6 2.29
No.3 W.W.B.TK(P) 2363.42 122.6 18.34
No.3 W.W.B.TK(S) 2363.42 122.6 18.34
No.4 DB.W.B.TK(P) 2742.37 79.15 2.33
No.4 DB.W.B.TK(S) 2742.37 79.15 2.33
No.4 W.W.B.TK(P) 2133.57 77.81 18.34
No.4 W.W.B.TK(S) 2133.57 77.81 18.34
E/R W.B. TK(P) 897.90 47.66 15.05
E/R W.B. TK(S) 897.90 47.66 15.05
A.P. TK 1919.00 5.8 13.51
Total= 53235.73
Table 6.3- Ballast Water Tank Capacity

6.3.5 Fresh Water Capacity (density = 1 t/m3)

Compartment Capacities(m3) L.C.G(m) from AP V.C.G(m) from base

Distilled Water TK(P) 204.56 10.5 19.5

Distilled Water TK(s) 204.56 10.5 19.5

Fresh Water TK(P) 196.43 1.67 19.5

Fresh Water TK(S) 196.43 1.67 19.5

Total= 801.98
Table 6.4 Fresh Water Tank Capacity
6.3.6 Fuel Oil Tank Capacity (density = 0.90 t/m3)

L.C.G(m) from
Compartment Capacities(m3) AP V.C.G(m) from base
Distilled Water TK(P) 204.56 10.5 19.5
Distilled Water TK(s) 204.56 10.5 19.5
Fresh Water TK(P) 196.43 1.67 19.5
Fresh Water TK(S) 196.43 1.67 19.5
Total= 801.98
Fuel Oil Tanks
Table 6.5- Fuel Oil Tank Capacity

Note: The DFO requirement for the concerned voyage is only 3000t. Additional tank
capacity for the DFO is given for any large distance voyage needed in future as there
is enough vacant space in the vessel apart from cargo tanks.

6.3.7 Lube Oil Tank Capacity (density = 0.90 t/m3)

L.C.G(m) from
Compartment Capacities(m3) AP V.C.G(m) from base
FWD D.F.O Deep Tk(C) 3401.36 246.44 9.59
E/R D.F.O Deep Tk (P) 750.00 43.44 19.31
E/R D.F.O Deep Tk (S) 750.00 43.44 19.31
E/R DB D.F.O Deep Tk(C) 1000.00 47.12 1.38
Total= 5901.36
Lube Oil Tanks
Table 6.6- Lube Oil Tank Capacity

6.3.8 Miscellaneous Tank Capacity

L.C.G(m) from
Compartment Capacities(m3) AP V.C.G(m) from base
Main L.O Storage TK(P) 198.98 34.27 16.09
Main L.O Sett. TK(S) 82.24 34.1 22.22
Main L.O Grav. TK(S) 96.84 26.99 22.22
Main L.O. Sump TK(C) 96.84 32.74 1.38
Total= 474.90
Miscellaneous Tanks
Table 6.7- Miscellaneous Tank Capacity
6.3.9 Tonnage (GRT/NRT) [Ref: 16]

Gross tonnage as defined in the 1969 convention is a function of the total volume of
all enclosed spaces of the ship. The Gross tonnage of a ship is determined by the
formula:

GT = K1V

Where V = Total volume of all enclosed spaces in cubic meters,

= Total volume of cargo spaces + total volume of topside tank+ total

volume of hopper tank + total volume of double bottom tank + volume of aft peak
tank + volume of fore peak tank + volume of diesel fuel oil tank + volume of lube oil
tank + volume of steering gear compartment + volume of fresh water tank + volume
of chain locker + volume of bosun store + volume of engine room + volume of super
structure + volume of forecastle deck + volume of trunk deck space.

= 298985.68m3

and K1 = 0.2+0.02 log10 V

 K1 = 0.3095

and GT = 92539.96

Net Tonnage: Net Tonnage as defined in the 1969 Convention is primarily a function
of the volume of cargo spaces and the number of passengers. The formula for net
tonnage NT is :
2
NT = K2VC (4d/3D) +K3 (N1/1+N2/10)

Where;
VC = total volume of cargo spaces in cubic meters

K2 = 0.2+0.02 log10 VC

K3 = 1.25+ (GT + 10000)/10000

D = moulded depth a midship in meters = 26.1 m

d = moulded draft amidships in meters = 11.42 m

N1 = number of passenger in cabins with not more than eight passengers.

 N2 = number of other passengers.
3
VC = 140029.7m

N1 = 0

N2 = 0

K2 = 0.3029

K3 = 11.50

NT = 27436.04

6.3.10 Stowage Factor Determination

Mass of cargo = 65813.96 t

Total volume of available cargo = 140029.7 m3
Stowage factor = total volume available for cargo/ mass of
cargo
= 140029.7 / 65813.96 = 2.12 m3/t

The stowage factor of LNG is 2 to 2.44 m3/t.

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