Most Important Chemistry Questions

1. State and Explain Mendeleev’s Periodic Table. Write the Merits and Demerits of His table.
2. What is Modern Periodic Law? Write the Description of period and groups.

Referred to the list of given compounds:

Compound A B C D
Specific Name Gypsum Borax Read Lead Potash Alum

Write:

A. The formula of A and D

B. One Common use of D
C. The Equation for the Preparation of C
D. The Equation for the reaction when A is heated to 100 Degree.
3. Why D Block Elements are called Outer Transition Elements and F- Block Elements are Called
Inner Transition Elements.
4. Write Electronic Configuration of the following of the following Elements:
5. 29, 42, 47, 58, 21
6. Write a short note on the following
7. Ionization Potential
8. Electron Affinity
9. First Electron affinity is negative while 2nd is Positive
10. What is Lanthanide Contraction?
11. Metallic Oxides are Basic and Non Metallic are Acidic why?
12. Discuss the Position of Hydrogen in Periodic Table with respect to Group IA, IV A & VII A.
13. Discuss the Industrial Preparation of Hydrogen.
14. Atomic Hydrogen is More Reactive than Molecular Why?
15. What are Hydrides thus classify the Hydrides?
16. What are Isotopes of Hydrogen?
17. How Sodium is extracted from the Down Process. Justify with a clear Diagram.
18. What is Metallurgy? Explain the Metallurgy of sodium.
19. By what ways Sodium Chloride can be obtained.
20. How can KO2 Can be used by Mountaineer.
21. The Solution of Na2co3 is Basic why.
22. Discuss the Solubility of Sulphates and Carbonates.
23. What is water Gas? Give one method of its Preparation
24. Differentiate Between Nascent and Atomic Hydrogen
25. What is meant by Binary Compound of Hydrogen?
26. Explain the following Behavior of Diamond and Graphite
A. Electric Conduction B. Hardness

Discuss any two of the following Properties of Transition Elements.

 Magnetic Property
 Catalytic Property
 Complex formation
 Formation of Colored Compound
27.
28.
 29. Give reasons for the following:
 Elements of Group I A and II A Lose their Valence Electrons.
 Alkali Metals are Powerful Reducing agents
 Salt of Alkaline Earth Metals are easily Hydrated than alkali metal salts.
 Why heavy water is Heavy
 Why the Elements of Group IA are called Alkali Metals
 Why the Elements of Group II A are called Earth Metals
 Why ionic hydrides are called True Hydrides
 Why Be and Mg don’t form Ionic Hydrides
 Why Ionization Potential Decreases Decreased from Li to CS.
 Complex Hydrides are Strong Reducing agents.
 Why CO2 is Gas and SIO2 is Solids.
 Alkali Metals cannot be used in Voltaic Cells.
 Zn(OH2) is soluble in excess NaOH Solution
 Li Couple has high Negative Electrode Potential
 Lithium and Beryllium markedly Differ from other Members
 Plaster of Paris is used in Making Plaster Casts and Molds4
 Most of the transition elements and their Compounds are paramagnetic
 H20 and NH3 acts as Ligands but H30+ and NH4- do not.
 Why melting and Boiling Points of Transitions Elements are high.
 Transitions Elements form Colored Compounds.
 D-Block Elements and their Compounds are Generally Good Catalyst.
 Ligands are Generally Called Lewis Bases.


Write the chemical formula for the following:

 Epsom B) washing soda C) Laughing Gas D) Aqua Regia E) Oleum

 F) Potash Alum G) Litharge H) Fluorspar I) Iron Pyrites J) Ammonal
 K) Neutral Ligand L) Bide Nate Ligand M) Blue Stone N) Lunar Caustic
 O) Cooper Pyrite P) Slag Q) Blue Stone R) Hypo

What is Blue Vitriol? Give Two Equations for its Preparation

What are Outer and Inner Transition elements and how many Series of each of them Present in the
periodic Table.

What is Blister Cooper? Give the Process of Refining of Blister Cooper

Write a note on the following:

 Corrosion and Its Prevention

 Photography
 Silvering of Mirror
 Lunar Caustic
 Tin Plating
 Copper Sulphate

Complete the following Equations:

1. Ca(OH)2 + Cl2 = ________________________________________________

2. Na2CO3 + Sio2 =_________________________________________
3. Cl2+ NaOH= ___________________________________________
4. Cas04 + NaOh=_________________________________________
5. HNo3+HCL= ___________________________________________
 6. FeCl3+H2s= ____________________________________________
7. NO2+H2O+ ____________________________________________
8. S+H2so4= ______________________________________________
9. CuSo4+ NH3 =___________________________________________
10. Agno3+NH3= ____________________________________________
11. K2Cr2+2H2So4=__________________________________________
12. KMNO4+H2O= __________________________________________

Write the IUPAS Names of the Following:

 (FE(NO2)6)-3
 (CR(en)2CL2)CL
 NI(CO)4
 NH4(CR(NCS)4( NH3)2
 (Cr(NH4)6)+3
 (FE(CN)3)-3
 Na3( C0( NO2)6
 K3(Cr(H2O)Cl5
 K4( Fe(CN)6
 (Co(en)2)2+
 (ZN(NH3))4)SO4
 CO(H20)6 SO4
 CO(NH-2-CH2-CH2-NH2)3Cl3
 CR(NH3)3CL3
 (CU(NH3)5CL)NO3
 (FE(CN)6)4

Explain the reforming of petroleum with the help of suitable example

What do you understand by Isomerism? Discuss its Various Types with Examples

What is aromaticity? Explain Molecular Orbit of Benzene

What are saturated and unsaturated Hydrocarbon. Thus discuss the Characteristics and Reactivity of
Both.

Draw the Structure of the following:

 Iso Pentene
 3-Ethyl-2 methylpentance

Give equations of the following:

• Action of heat on Lunar caustic

• Action of heat on Blue Vitriol

• Reaction between AgNO3 and NH3

• Reaction between CuSO4 and KI

Complete and balance following equations:

(i) HNO3 + HC1 (ii) P + HNO3

(iii) FeC13 + H2S (iv) H2S207 + H2O

(v) S + H2SO4 (vi) CO + C12

(vii) PbCrO4 + NaOH (viii) NO2 + H2O

Explain why?
• Anhydrous CuSO4 is white while Hydrated CuSO4 is blue.

• Ligands are generally Lewis bases.

• H2O and NH3 are act as ligands while H30+ and NH4+ are not.

• Transition elements form complex compounds.

• Transition elements are good catalyst.

Distinguish following pairs of organic compounds by simple chemical test:

(i) Alkane and Alkene (ii) Benzene and Toluene (iii) Alkane and Alkyl halide

Why benzene undergoes electrophilic substitution? Discuss stepwise reaction mechanism of nitration

of benzene.

Classify the following alkyl halides as 1° or 2° or 3°.

a) (CH3)2 CH — CH2CI b) (CH3 — CH2)3 CBr c) CH3 — CH —

CH3

Explain the mechanism of SN1 and SN2 reactions with example.

• Secondary alkyl halides undergo SN1 or SN2 reactions, while primary alkyl halides have SN2
and tertiary alkyl halides have SN1 reactions, Why

Outline stepwise reaction mechanism for the following reactions

a) SN- reaction between bromomethane and NaOH

b) SNI reaction between 2 — chloro — 2 methylpropane and NaCN.

Draw the structure and give IUPAC names of following compounds:

(i) Adipic acid (ii) Valeric acid (iii) TNT (iv) Catechol (v) Glucose (vi) Di-isopropyl Ether

(vii) Oxalic acid (viii) Formalin (ix)Wood Spirit

Give equation of the following:

(i) Reduction of Acetone (ii) Esterification (iii) Nitration of Phenol with concentrated Nitric acid

(viii) Acetic acid heated at 500°C in presence of Mn02

Define following terms:

(i) Amino acids (ii) Lipids (iii) Rancidification (iv) Zweitter ion

• What are carbohydrates? How are they classified? Give its biological importance.

• What are enzymes? Discuss its classification.

Chapter No. 11 (Chemical Industries in Pakistan):

• What is detergent? Draw the structure of soap and detergent and also describe cleaning action of
detergent?

• Write a short note on synthetic fibers. How nylon is prepared ?

■ What are plastics? What is the difference between Thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics?
Write the

structure of Bakelite with its two uses.

■ Write a note on: * Paints * Varnishes Glass