Technician for Teaching English in General Basic Education

INTRODUCTION TO PHONETIC
STUDENT: YULA SARIAH SATURNO LARA CIP: 9-752-1021

PHONETICS
CONSONANT
The science concerned with the study of speech proces
DIAGRAPHS
ses, including the production, perception, and analysis 
of speech sounds from both an acoustic and a physiolo A  consonant digraph  is a
gical point of view. This science, though capable of bein combination of two
consonant letters that
g applied to language studies, technically excludes ling form a single  consonant
uistic considerations. speech sound  (technically
known as a  consonant
phoneme). Sometimes the
combination results in one
letter becoming silent, but
many times the pairing
produces a unique sound
that neither letter would
form on its own.

PHONEME
One of the set of  speech  sounds in
any  given  language
that  serve  to  distinguish  one word
from another. A phoneme may consist
of several
phonetically  distinct  articulations,
which
are regarded as identical by native sp
eakers, since one articulation may
be  substituted  for another without
any change of meaning.
GRAPHEME
In linguistics, a grapheme is the
smallest unit of a writing system of
any given language. An individual
grapheme may or may not carry
meaning by itself, and may or may
not correspond to a single phoneme
of the spoken language. In other
words, a grapheme is a letter or a set
of letters that represent a sound
(more correctly, phoneme) in a word.
The Digraphs
There is a huge range of
digraphs in English. For the
sake of conciseness, this
section will only
cover  consonant  digraphs
that create unique sounds.
Those that only result in
one of the letters becoming
silent are covered in the
section on  Consonants,
while digraphs formed
from a combination of
two vowels are discussed in
the sections
on  Vowels,  Diphthongs,
and Triphthongs
 Technician for Teaching English in General Education

INTRODUCTION TO PHONETIC

VOWEL DIGRAPHS
TRIGRAPH
A digraph is a combination of two letters that together spell a single sound. The word
can be broken down into the prefix di, meaning two, and the word graph, referring to A grapheme containing
a written form. English spelling features many digraphs, both of consonants and three letters that makes
vowels. Learners tend to acquire familiar consonant digraphs fairly easily, such as c +
just one sound
h  or  ch  as in  chair  and  s + h  or  sh  as in  ship. Vowel digraphs are known to be more
(phoneme).
challenging for the learner, since the two distinct vowel letters beside one another,
often in the middle of a word, must be understood to express only one sound. If this A trigraph is a single
sounds complicated, that's because it is! sound that is represented
by three letters, for
WRITE THE PHONETICS TRANSCRIPTION FROM THE FOLLOWING example:
CONSONANT DIGRAPHS In the word 'match', the
three letters 'tch' at the
ch /tʃ/  sh (/ʃ/ end
WRITE THE PHONETICS make only one sound.
1. change
1. shape TRANSCRIPTION FROM THE
2. champion FOLLOWING VOWEL DIGRAPHS
2. shake
3. channel
3. shadow
4. charge 4. shower OA /əʊ/ EA /iː/ WRITE THE PHONETICS
1. eat TRANSCRIPTION
5. chief 5. seashore
1. boat 2. tea FOR THE FOLLOWING
ch /k/ 2. soap 3. clean TRIGRAPHS
th  /ð/
3. coast 4. bean
1. mechanic 1. something 4. goals 5. treat
2. architecture 2. three 5. roast
3. character 3. thunder OO /uː/
4. thief AI /eɪ/ 1. wood igh as in sigh /aɪ/
4. chord
5. theater 1. rain 2. book
5. chemistry
2. fail 3. moon ore as in bore /ɔːr/
ng /ŋ/ th /θ/ 3. brain 4. pool
1. think 4. pain 5. cook. air as in fair /eər/
1. building
2. thank 5. stain
2. feeling
3. third ear as in dear /ɪr/
3. working 4. thousand EE /iː/
4. interesting 5. throw 1. sweet are as in dare /er/
2. feet
ph /f/
wh  /w/ 3. see
1. alphabet 1. whale 4. agree
2. physical 2. wheel 5. deep
3. emphasis
3. whisper
4. which
4. photoshop
5. when
5.headphones