BIBLIOGRAPHY ENTRIES

|Books - authors| Books -- editors| Translations| Short Works -- Poem, Short Story, etc.|Encyclopedia

and Reference Work |Government Publication | Interview| Magazine Articles |Newspaper
Articles | On Line/Web/Internet |

Sample Bibliography Entries

Back To Learning Index

The following are sample bibliography entries. They illustrate the proper way
to document sources and give credit for work used. These entries are meant
only as a guide -- remember to check with your teacher to determine the
format THEY require you to use.

NOTE: The titles of works may be either underlined or italicized, but a

consistant fromat should be used. Both are used here for illustration purposes.

Books
One Author

Hawthorne, Nathaniel. The Scarlet Letter. New York: New American Library,

1959.

Two Authors

Lawrence, Jerome, and Robert E. Lee. The Night Thoreaw Spent in Jail. New
York: Bantam Books, 1973.

Three Authors
Warriner, John C., Mary Evelyn Whitten, and Francis Griffith. English
Grammar and Composition. Chicago:    Harcourt, Brace and World, Inc.,
1958.

Four or More Authors [Top]

McAdams, Levy, and others. Writing Clear Paragraphs. Englewood Cliffs,

New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.,    1978.

One Editor

Beck, Robert E., ed. Literature of the Supernatural. Evanston, Illinois:

McDougal, Littel and Co., 1974.

Two or More Editors [Top]

Refer to entry for two or more authors, but insert the abbreviation "eds.," after
the last editor's name.

Translated [Top]

Chekhov, Anton. Selected Stories. trans. Ann Dunnigan. New York: Signet,

1960.

Short Works
Poem, Short Story, or Article in a Collection [Top]

Walt Whitman, "Miracles." In Encounters. New York: McGraw Hill, 1979.

James Street, "The Grains of Paradise." In Encounters. New York: McGraw

Hill, 1979.

Encyclopedia and Reference Work

Encyclopedia and Reference Work - Unsigned

"Savannah." Encyclopedia Americana. 1979. Reference Work -

SignedNelson, Ralph L. "Mergers."    International Encyclopedia of Social
Sciences. New York: MacMillan, 1968.
Encyclopedia - Signed [Top]

Wagner, Peter K. "National Debt." World Book Encyclopedia. 1977.

Government Publication [Top]

U.S. Department of Commerce. Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1981.

Whashington, D.C.:    Government Printing Office, 1981.

Interview [Top]

Meyer, Janet. President, Abco Corporation, Aloha, Oregon, Interview,

September 15, 1982.

Signed Magazine Articles

James, Russell. "Billion-dollar Treasures at the Bottom of the Sea." Mechanix

Illustrated. Vol. 78, July 1982,    pp. 62-64, 88-89.

Unsigned Magazine Articles [Top]

"Wild Mustangs Kick up a Fuss." Newsweek. Vol. XCIX, p. 14.

Newspaper Article - Signed

Tevlin, Michael. "Board Split on Higher Standards." Valley Times. June 17,

1982, p.1.

Newspaper Article - Unsigned [Top]

"GM Also Boosts Some Charges On All Its Cars." The Wall Street Journal.
June 8, 1982, p. 4.

Online - The World Wide Web [Top]

Author's Last Name, First Name. "Title of Page." Address (URL) Day Month
Year of Posting

Example:
 Kearney, Kevin. "Creating Your Own Web Pages: A Beginning."   
http://www.cbv.ns.ca/sstudies/computer/create1.htm. November 20, 1999.

NOTE: Usually the page will have a date on the bottom of the introductory
page telling you when the page was first posted or the date it was updated. 

Commas -- Appositives & Parenthetical Expressions

1.6 – Appositives

An appositive renames the noun or pronoun it follows.  If omitting the appositive would change
the meaning of the sentence, then do not set it apart with commas.  If the “renaming” does not
change the meaning, then use commas.

1.7 – Parenthetical Comments

Parenthetical comments are those which can be left out but are included to add color or
personality to the sentence.

Exercises:

Insert the commas for the appositives.

1.       Pride and Prejudice a book by Jane Austen is one of my favorite novels.

2.       Houston the largest city in Texas was named after Sam Houston.

3.       The speaker who had risen from his chair to begin his talk fell off the platform.

4.       The athletes for whom the party was given broke into singing the school song.

5.       The dog that ran under the chair was the one who had eaten her shoe.
6.       The truck that changed around the corner finally broke down across the street.

Insert commas for the parenthetical phrases.

1.       Believe it or not I haven’t been home a single night this week.

2.       I know Susan was at the party I spoke with her myself bu she may have left early.

3.       Then I thought oh dear I’ve lost my wallet.

4.       I have an idea let’s call Robert and Jill and take them out for dinner.

5.       Your mother called an oh yes she said you left your history book at home.

Misc. Sentences

1.       The clock which had been ticking very loudly burst a spring and flew off the wall.

2.       Down in the valley where the grass is greener than it is anywhere else you can see the men on
tractors and other equipment.

3.       My friends Hannah and Rebecca whom I haven’t seen for six years are coming to visit me this
week.
4.       The old car that sat in the driveway all winter was finally hauled away.

5.       The man who broke into our house while we were away was arrested.

Parenthetical Phrases
Parenthetical Phrases

A parenthetical phrase gives extra information to a sentence that is

already complete.

If you remove the parenthetical phrase, the sentence still functions

perfectly – it just isn’t as detailed.

These are the 8 types of parenthetical phrases: (written in italics)

Introductory phrase:

 Many years ago, Andrew’s brother told him the worst ghost
story he’d ever heard.
Interjection:

 Well, you could at least try to have fun.

 Oooo, I don’t think so.
 Wait, tell me about your trip.
Aside:

 There are more than 800,000 known species of insects living in

the world, in case you didn’t know.
  By the way, you never told me that.
Appositive:

 Dr. Phillip K. Aston, a researcher at Miami University, has

discovered a cure for cancer.
 When I was done with it, I gave the movie script to Hans, my
friend who works for Universal Studios.
Absolute phrase:

 The shooting victim, his eyes rolled completely back into his
head, was clearly dead.
 I found your grandfather running down Market Street carrying
fish, cats chasing him and meowing the whole way.
Free modifier:

 Realizing they were broke, Mario and Elizabeth ended their

vacation and returned home.
Resumptive modifier:

 February’s nasty winter weather culminated in a ferocious

snowstorm, a snowstorm that would be remembered many
years later.
Summative modifier:

 When we told her the news, Andrea went into a blind rage,
something she had never done before and hasn’t done since