Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prof Ed Reviewer
Prof Ed Reviewer
IDEALISM -- plato
REALIASM -- aristotle
EMPIRICISM -- locke
PRAGMATISM -- dewey
EXISTENTIALISM -- hegel
PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS -- moore
ESSENTIALISM -- bagley
PERENNIALISM -- hutchins
PROGRESSIVISM -- dewey
RECONSTRUCTIONALISM -- brameld
BEHAVIORISM -- skinner or watson
STRUCTURALISM -- helmholts or wundt?
FUNCTIONALISM -- james,nugell, or carr?
PURPOSIVISM -- hormic
PART 4 -ISM
NATURALISM -- only nature exist, nature is better than civilization
(NATURALESA ng isang BAGAY)
IDEALISM -- spiritual, values, moral, socratic method
REALISM -- natural world, values arenatural and absolute, reality exist
undercieved
PRAGMATISM/EXPERIMENTALISM -- practical, problem solving research,
knowledge is what works, values are related, truth is warranted assertion.
ESSENTIALISM -- 3r's (4r's ngayon), achievement test, certain
knowledge&skills are essential for rational being.
PROGRESSIVISM -- process of development, higher level of knowledge, the
child's need and interest are relevant to curriculum.
EXISTENTIALISM -- knowledge is subjective, man shapes his being as he
lives, we are what we do, deciding precedes knowing.
PERENNIALISM -- education that last for century, universalist, knowledge is
eternally valid.
SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTIVISM -- for better society, community based
learning
RECONSTRUCTUONALISM -- the school should help rebuild the social order
thus social change.
BEHAVIORISM -- learning is change in behavior, S-R relationship
EMPIRICISM -- knowledge comes thru senses, 5 senses (observatory
learning)
STRUCTURALISM -- complex mental exp. such as image,feeling and
sensation
FUNCTIONALISM -- focus to motivation, thinking & learning.
PURPOSIVISM -- individual hormones are responsible for the motive to strive
towards fulfillment of his/her objective.
PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS -- reality is what verifiable, truth correspondes
to reality, usage determines meaning.
ERIK ERICKSON -- "healthy children will not fear in their elders have
integrity enough to fear of death.
PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES of DEVT
CRISIS -- a person goes through
MALADAPTATION -- result from failure to effectivity resolve the problem
MALIGNACY -- "
VIRTUE -- emerges when balance & resolution of crisis attained.
PART 9
Ripple Effect -- spreading effect of series of consequences caused by singlr
action or event.
Hawthorne Effect -- type of reactivity effect in which individuals improve an
aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed.
Halo Effect -- cognitive bias which an observer overall impression of a
person, influences the observers feeling and thoughts about the entity's
character or property
Pygmalion Effect -- Shows the teacher's expectation (self-fulfillment)
Golem Effect -- low expection leads to decrease in performance.
REINFORCEMENTS
Positive -- presence of stimulus
Negative -- absence of stimulus
Escape -- removes stimulus
Avoidance -- prevents stimulus
Reinforcement -- increase of behavior
Punishment -- weakens response.
Theories
1.Stages of development- jean piaget, thinking
2. Cognitivism- discovery learning, Jerome bruner, concrete to abstract
3. behaviourism- environment, watson
4. connectionism- classroom environment, thorndike
5. humanism- carl rogers, child centered
6. operant conditioning- reinforcement/punishment, skinner
7. Classical conditioning- habit and stimuli
8. Meaningful learning- conceptual, graphic organizers, Ausubel
9. Insightful learning- Activation of prior knowledge, problem solving, kohler
10. Moral development- value formation, Kohlberg
11. need theory- needs, maslow
12. attachment theory- caregiver, john Bowlby
13. identity statuses- jame marcias, confusion
14. field theory- internal and external environment
15. bioecological- system of environment, Brofenbrenner
16. choice theory- glasser, decision
17. social learning- bandura, modelling
18.socio-cultural- Vygotsky, scaffolding more knowledgeable other(mko)
Commonly used terms
Metacognition- thinking about thinking
Recitation- thinking aloud
Schooling- system controlled by teacher
Rebus- making a poem out of a concept
Indoctrination- religion, without addition nor subtraction
KASH: KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, SKILLS AND HABITS
KCAASE - Blooms taxonomy
Other ISM's
*UTILITARINISM- actions are geared toward the greatest total amount of
happines that one can achieved.
*RATIONALISM- source of knowledgeis the mind, independent of the sense.
*EMPIRICISM-source of knowledge is the sense-based expereince
*EXPERIMENTALISM-form of impiricism and asserts that the only reliable
form of knowledge is gained through scientific experiment.
*HEDOISM-pleasure is the only good thing to the person.
-used as a justification in evaluating action by giving emphasis on how much
pleasure can be achieved and how little pain that the action entails.
*EPICURIANISM-considers as form of ancient hedonism. Its identities
pleasure w/tranquility & reduction of desire.
-its claimed that the highest pleasure consists of a simple & moderate life.
C. HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGY.
-+-- how learners can develop their human potentials.
-------gestalt psychology- learning can be explained in terms of the wholeness
of problem and recognizing perceptions.
-----abraham maslow----hierarchy of human needs/wants.
-----carl rogers--- non-directive lives.
Humanists believe that
a. Concerned with process not the product.
B. Personal needs not subject matter.
C. If learners are healthy enough, everything follows.
D. More on what an individual can do.
E. The idea conceive that: learners are not machines and the mind is not
photographic even computer.
....more advanced and complete human learning.
D.SOCIAL FOUNDATIONS
Reflect on thr view of culture.
Societal involvement.
Recognized institution.
Home, family and community resources.
Schools as formal institutions.
Develop good values learned from others.