Section A/Bahagian A

1. Diagram 1 shows the inter-conversion of the two states of matter of substance Q.

Rajah 1 menunjukkan perubahan dua keadaan jirim bagi bahan Q.

Diagram 1/ Rajah 1
(a) Name process X.
Namakan proses X.

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(b) When substance Q changes from gas to solid, state the change in term of;
Apabila bahan Q berubah daripada keadaan gas kepada pepejal, nyatakan
perubahan dari segi;

(i) the energy of the particles.

tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah.

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii) the forces of attraction between the particles.

daya tarikan antara zarah-zarah.

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[1 mark/1 markah]

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 (c) Table 1 shows the melting points and boiling points of 3 substances.
Jadual 1 menunjukkan takat beku dan takat didih 3 bahan.

Table 1/ Jadual 1

Based on Table 1, answer the following questions.

Berdasarkan Jadual 1, jawab soalan-soalan berikut.

(i) What is the physical state of P at room temperature?

Apakah keadaan fizikal P pada suhu bilik?

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii) Draw the arrangement of particles of Q and R at room temperature.

Lukis susunan zarah Q dan R pada suhu bilik.

[2 marks/2 markah]

(iii) Sketch the graph of temperature against time when R is cooled from 80oC to
room temperature.
Lakarkan graf suhu terhadap masa apabila R disejukkan daripada 80oC
sehingga suhu bilik.

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 [2 marks/2 markah]
2. Diagram 2 shows the heating curve of naphthalene.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan lengkung pemanasan naftalena.

Diagram 2/ Rajah 2

(a) State the type of particle in naphthalene.

Nyatakan jenis zarah naftalena.

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[1 mark/1 markah]
(b) What is the melting point of naphthalene?
Apakah takat lebur naftalena?

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(c) Draw the arrangement of particles naphthalene at room temperature at the time T3
minute.
Lukis susunan zarah naftalena pada suhu bilik pada masa T3 minit.

[1 mark/1 markah]

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 (d) State how the movement of naphthalene particles and the force of attraction between
particles change from C to D during heating.
Nyatakan bagaimana pergerakan zarah-zarah naftalena dan daya tarikan antara
zarah-zarah berubah semasa pemanasan dari C ke D.

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[2 marks/2 markah]

(e) Why is there no change in temperature from B to C?

Mengapakan tiada perubahan suhu dari B ke C?

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[2 marks/2 markah]

(f) Why naphthalene is heated in the water bath when the experimented is conducted?
Mengapakah naftalena dipanaskan dalam kukus air semasa eksperimen dijalankan?

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(g) A substance X has a melting point of 110oC, Draw a labeled diagram to show the
apparatus setup to conduct the experiment to determine the melting point of
substance X
Suatu bahan X mempunyai takat lebur 110oC, Lukis gambarajah berlabel untuk
menunjukkan susunan radas menjalankan eksperimen menentukan takat lebur
bahan X

[2 marks/2 markah]

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3. Diagram 3 shows the chemical symbols which represent four elements W, X, Y and Z.
Rajah 3 menunjukkan simbol yang mewakili empat unsur iaitu unsur W, X, Y dan Z.

Diagram 3/Rajah 3

(a) State the number of electrons and neutrons in atom Z.

Nyatakan bilangan elektron dan neutron dalam atom Z.

Number of electrons: ……………. Number of neutrons: ………

Bilangan elektron : Bilangan neutron:
[2 marks/2 markah]

(b) (i) What is the meaning of nucleon number?

Apakah maksud nombor nukleon?

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[1 mark/1 markah]
(ii) State the nucleon number of atom Z.
Nyatakan nombor nukleon bagi atom Z

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[1 mark/1 markah]
(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom X.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom X

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii) Draw the atomic structure of of atom X to show the number of protons,
neutrons and electrons in the atom.
Lukis struktur atom bagi atom X untuk menunjukkan kedudukan proton,
neutron dan elektron dalam atom.

[2 marks/2 markah]

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 (d) (i) Which two elements are isotopes?
Manakah dua unsur adalah isotop?

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(ii) Explain why isotopes of an element have the same chemical properties.
Terangkan mengapa isotop sesuatu unsur mempunyai sifat kimia yang sama.

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(iii) Give one use of the isotope mentioned in (d) (i).

Beri satu kegunaan isotop yang dinyatakan dalam jawapan (d (i).

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[1 mark/1 markah]

4. Diagram 4 shows the formulae of 4 types of gases released during the eruption of a
volcano.
Rajah 4 menunjukkan formula 4 jenis gas yang terbebas semasa letusan gunung berapi.

Diagram 4/ Rajah 4

(a) State the meaning of ‘molar mass’ of a substance by using one suitable examples.
Nyatakan maksud ‘jisim molar’ bagi suatu bahan dengan menggunakan satu contoh
yang sesuai.

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[1 mark/1 markah]

(b) Calculate the molar mass of each gas shown in Diagram 1.1
[Relative atomic mass : H, 1; C, 12; O, 16; N, 14; S, 32 ]
Hitung jisim molar bagi setiap gas yang ditunjukkan dalam Rajah 2.
[Jisim atom relatif : H,1 ; C,12 ; O,16 ; N,14 ; S,32 ]

[4 marks/4 markah]

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 (c) Compare the number of molecules in 0.9 g of water vapour and 2.2 g of carbon
dioxide. Explain.
[Relative atomic mass: H, 1; C, 12; O, 16; Avogadro Constant, N A = 6.02 x 1023 ]
Bandingkan bilangan molekul dalam 0.9 g wap air dan 2.2 g karbon dioksida.
Terangkan.
[Jisim atom relatif : H,1 ; C,12 ;O,16 : Pemalar Avogadro ,N A = 6.02 x 1023 ]

[4 marks/4 markah]

(d) Table 4 shows the experimental result to find the empirical formula of oxide of
copper
Jadual 4 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mendapatkan formula empirik
oksida kuprum

[ Relative atomic mass/ Jisim atom relatif : O, 16; Cu, 64 ]

Table 4/ Jadual 4

Based on Table 3.1, determine

Berdasarkan Jadual 3.1 , tentukan

(i) The number of mole of oxygen/ Bilangan mol bagi oksigen

(ii) The number of mole of copper/Bilangan mol kuprum

(iii) The empirical formula of copper oxide/ Formula empirik bagi kuprum oksida

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 [3 marks/3 markah]

Section B/ Bahagian B

Describe how you could determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide in the
laboratory. Your description should include:
Huraikan bagaimana anda dapat menentukan formula empirik magnesium oksida dalam
makmal. Huraian anda mesti merangkumi:

• procedure of experiment /prosedur eksperimen

• tabulation of result /data bagi keputusan
• calculation of the results obtained /pengiraan dari keputusan yang diperolehi

[ Relative atomic mass : O, 16; Mg,24 ] /[ Jisim atom relatif : O, 16; Mg,24 ]

[10 marks/10 markah]

Answer in the space below/Sila jawab dalam ruangan di bawah:

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