SULIT 1 4541/2

Section / Bahagian A
[60 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1 Diagram 1.1 shows the representative of element of atom A.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan perwakilan bagi satu atom unsur A.

23
11 A
Diagram / Rajah 1.1

(a) State one type of subatomic particles.

Nyatakan satu jenis zarah subatom.

.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) State the number of proton and neutron in atom A,

Nyatakan bilangan proton dan neutron dalam atom A,

Number of proton / Bilangan proton :.......................................................................

Number of neutron / Bilangan neutron :...................................................................

[2 marks]

(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom A.

Tulis susunan elektron bagi atom A.

............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(iii) State the location of atom element A in the periodic table of element.
Nyatakan kedudukan bagi atom unsur A dalam jadual berkala unsur.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 marks]
SULIT 2 4541/2

2 Diagram 2 shows the structure of two isotopes carbon atom.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan struktur bagi dua isotop karbon.

6 protons 6 protons
6 neutrons 8 neutrons

Isotopes I / isotop I Isotopes II / isotop II

Diagram / Rajah 2

(a) State the meaning of isotopes?

Nyatakan maksud isotop?

..................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) State one function of isotopes II.

Nyatakan satu kegunaan isotop II.

..................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(c) Based on Isotopes I;

Berdasarkan Isotop I;

(i) Calculate the nucleon number.

Hitungkan nombor nukleon.

[1 mark]
(ii) Write the electron arrangement for this atom.
Tulis susunan elektron bagi atom ini.

………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]

(iii) What is the number of valence electron in c (ii)?

Apakah bilangan elektron valens dalam c (ii)?

........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
SULIT 3 4541/2

3 Table 3.1 shows the chemical formula and the melting point of two substances.
Jadual 3.1 menunjukkan formula kimia dan takat lebur bagi dua bahan.

Chemical Melting point Boiling point

Substances
formula Takat lebur Takat lebur
Bahan
Formula kimia ( 0C ) ( 0C )
Magnesium Mg 650 1 100
Water / Air H2O 0 100

Table / Jadual 3.1

(a) State the types of particles in,

Nyatakan jenis zarah dalam,

Magnesium : ................................................................................................

Water / Air : ...................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(b) What is the physical state of magnesium and water at room temperature?
Apakah keadaan fizik bagi magnesium dan air pada suhu bilik?

Magnesium : ...............................................................................................

Water / Air : ...............................................................................................

[2 marks]

(c) Give the definition of boiling point

Berikan definisi bagi takat didih
……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………….
[2 marks]
SULIT 4 4541/2

4 Diagram 4.1 shows the set-up of apparatus for two different experiments to determine
the empirical formula for K metal oxide and L metal oxide.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi dua eksperimen yang berbeza bagi
menentukan formula empirik oksida logam K dan oksida logam L.

K metal oxide
Dry hydrogen gas Oksida logam K metal L
Crucible logam L
Gas hidrogen
Mangkuk pijar
kering

Heat Heat
Panaskan Panaskan

Set-up of apparatus Experiment I Set-up of apparatus Experiment II

Susunan radas Eksperimen I Susunan radas Eksperimen II

Diagram / Rajah 4.1

(a) Suggest a suitable metal for

Cadangkan satu logam yang sesuai

metal K :
logam
K : ..............................................................................................................................
....

metal L :
logam L : ..................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b) Between K and L, which metal is more reactive? Explain why.

Antara K dan L, logam manakah lebih reaktif ? Terangkan mengapa.

……………………………………………………………………………………...
.

……………………………………………………………………………………
…
[2 marks]
SULIT 5 4541/2

(c) Diagram 3.2 shows the result obtained from the Experiment II; to determine the
empirical formula of L oxide.
Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi daripada Eksperimen II; untuk
menentukan formula empirik oksida L.

Crucible + lid
32.28 g
Mangkuk pijar + tudung
Crucible + lid + L
33.31 g
Mangkuk pijar + tudung + L
Crucible + lid + L after heating
33.99 g
Mangkuk pijar + tudung + L selepas pemanasan

Diagram / Rajah 3.2

Calculate the empirical formula for L oxide.

Hitungkan formula empirik oksida L.

[ Relative atomic mass : O =16 ; L = 24 ]

[ Jisim atom relatif : O =16 ; L = 24 ]
SULIT 6 4541/2

[3 marks]

5 Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi kaedah yang digunakan untuk menentukan
formula empirik bagi suatu sebatian
Diagram 1.1 shows the apparatus set up used to determine the empirical formula of a
compound

Rajah 5.1 / Diagram 5.1

(a) (i) Namakan satu logam yang sesuai digunakan untuk menentukan formula empirik
menggunakan kaedah seperti dalam gambar rajah.
Name a metal suitable to be used to determine the empirical formula by using
method as shown in the figure.

…………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 markah / 1 mark]
(ii) Berdasarkan jawapan anda pada 1a(i), mengapakah logam tersebut sesuai dalam
menentukan formula empirik menggunakan kaedah seperti ditunjukkan dalam
gambar rajah?
Why the metal you name in question 1(a)(i) suitable to determine the empirical
formula by using method that show in the diagram?
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah / 1 mark]
(iii Semasa menjalankan eksperimen menggunakan kaedah di atas, mengapakah
) penutup mangkuk pijar perlu dibuka sekali sekala?
When carrying out an experiment using method above, why does the crucible lid
need to be opened once in a while?
………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 markah / 1 mark]
SULIT 7 4541/2

(b) Rajah 5.2 menunjukkan keputusan bagi satu eksperimen untuk menentukan formula
empirik bagi plumbum oksida.
Diagram 5.2 shows the results for an experiment to determine the empirical formula
lead oxide.

Jisim tiub pembakaran = 64.00 g

Mass of combustion tube
Jisim tiub pembakaran + plumbum oksida = 117.5 g
Mass of combustion tube + lead oxide
Jisim tiub pembakaran + plumbum = 113.68 g
Mass of combustion tube + lead

Rajah 5.2 / Diagram 5.2

Berdasarkan rajah di atas, tentukan nilai yang berikut:
Based on diagram above, determine the values of the following:
[ Jisim atom relatif, O = 16, Pb = 207 ]
[ Relative atomic mass, O = 16, Pb = 207 ]
(i) Jisim plumbum / Mass of plumbum

[1 markah / 1 mark]
(ii) Bilangan mol plumbum / Number of moles of lead

[1 markah / 1 mark]
(iii Jisim oksigen/ Mass of oxygen
)

[1 markah / 1 mark]
(iv) Bilangan mol oksigen /Number of moles of oxygen

[1 markah / 1 mark]
(v) Formula empirik bagi plumbum oksida / Empirical formula of lead oxide

[1 markah / 1 mark]

6 Table 6.1 shows the positive and negative ions in two salt solutions.
SULIT 8 4541/2

Jadual 6.1 menunjukkan ion-ion negatif dan positif dalam dua larutan garam.

Name of Salt Positive Ion Negative Ion

Nama Garam Ion Positif Ion Negatif
Potassium carbonate
K+ CO32-
Kalium karbonat
Lead (II) chloride
Pb2+ Cl-
Plumbum (II) klorida

Table / Jadual 6.1

(a) Write the formula of potassium carbonate and lead (II) nitrate.
Tuliskan formula bagi kalium karbonat dan plumbum (II) nitrat.

Potassium carbonate
kalium karbonat :
…………………………………………………………………..

Lead (II) nitrate

Plumbum (II) nitrat :
…………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]

(b) Diagram 6.2 below shows the apparatus set-up to prepare lead (II) carbonate salt
and potassium chloride solution.
Rajah 6.2 di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyediakan garam
plumbum (II) karbonat dan larutan kalium niitrat.

Potassium carbonate
solution Lead (II) nitrate solution
Larutan kalium karbonat Larutan plumbum (II) nitrat

Potassium chloride
solution Lead (II) carbonate salt
Larutan kalium nitrat Garam plumbum (II) karbonat

Diagram/Rajah 6.2

(i) Identify the reactants and products of the reaction.

SULIT 9 4541/2

Kenal pasti bahan tindak balas dan hasil tindak balas bagi tindak balas
tersebut.

Reactants
Bahan tindak balas : ..................................................................................

Products
Hasil tindak balas : ..................................................................................
[2 marks]

(ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction.

Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut.

………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(c) The following equation shows the decomposition of copper(II) carbonate by heat.
Persamaan berikut menunjukkan penguraian kuprum(II) karbonat oleh haba.

CuCO3(p) CuO(p) + CO2(g)

If 24.8 g of copper(II) carbonate is heated completely, calculate the volume

of carbon dioxide gas collected at room conditions.
[Relative atomic mass: C = 12; O = 16 ; Cu = 64 ]
[Molar volume; 24 dm3 at room conditions]

Jika 24.8 g kuprum(II) karbonat dipanaskan dengan lengkap, hitungkan

isipadu gas karbon dioksida yang dikumpulkan pada keadaan bilik.
[Jisim atom relatif: C = 12; O = 16 ; Cu = 64]
[Isipadu molar; 24 dm3 pada keadaan bilik]

[3 marks]

7. Rajah 7 menunjukkan perwakilan piawai atom P, Q, dan R. Huruf yang digunakan bukan
SULIT 10 4541/2

simbol sebenar bagi atom-atom itu.

Diagram 7 shows the standard representation of the P, Q and R atoms. The letters used
are not the actual symbols of the atoms.

Rajah 7/ Diagram 7

(a) Nyatakan istilah bagi jumlah bilangan proton dan neutron dalam suatu atom.
State the term for the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

………………………………………………………………………………………….
[2 markah]

(b) Berdasarkan Rajah 7,

Based on Diagram 7,

(i) Nyatakan bilangan electron dan bilangan neutron dalam atom Q.

State the number electrons and the number of neutrons in atom Q.

…………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………
[2 markah]

(ii) Tulis susunan elektron bagi atom Q.

Write the electron arrangement for atom Q.

…………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 markah]

(c) (i) Atom manakah ialah isotop?

Which atoms are the isotopes?

…………………………………………………………………………………...
[2 markah]

(iii) Terangkan sebab bagi jawapan anda di 7 (c)(i).

SULIT 11 4541/2

Explain the reason for your answer in 7 (c)(i)

…………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………...

…………………………………………………………………………………...
[2 markah]

8 Rajah 8 menunjukkan formula struktur bagi suatu sebatian karbon.

Diagram 8 shows the structural formula of a carbon compound.

Rajah 8 / Diagram 8

Berdasarkan Rajah 8,
Based on Diagram 8,

(a) Nyatakan formula molekul dan formula empiric bagi sebatian karbon tersebut.
[Jisim atom relatif : H = 1. C= 12, O =16]
State the molecular formula and empirical formula of the carbon compound.
[Relative atomic mass : H = 1 , C = `1, O =16]

[2 markah]

(b) Hitung jisim molekul relatif bagi sebatian karbon ini.

SULIT 12 4541/2

[Jisim atom relatif : H =1 , C = 12, O =16 ]

Calculate the relative molecular mass of the carbon compound.
[Relative atomic mass : H= 1, C=12, O=16]

[1 markah]

(c) Sebatian ini terbakar dalam oksigen berlebihan untuk menghasilkan karbon dioksida
dan wap air. Tulis persamaan kimia yang seimbang bagi mewakili tindak balas
berlaku.
The compound burns in excess oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water vapour.
Write the balanced equation to represent the reaction that takes place.

[2 markah]

(d) Didapati 10.8 dm3 gas karbon dioksida daripada pembakaran sebatian ini pada
keadaan bilik..
It is found that 10.8 dm3 carbon dioxide gas is produced from the combustion of the
compound at room condition.

(i) Hitung jisim sebatian yang diperlukan untuk menghasilkan sejumlah isi padu gas
Karbon dioksida ini.
Calculate the mass of the compound needed to produce such volume of carbon
dioxide gas.

[3 markah]

(ii) Hitung isi padu minimum gas oksigen yang diperlukan untuk pembakaran lengkap.
SULIT 13 4541/2

[Isipadu molar gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 pada keadaan bilik ]

Calculate the minimum volume of oxygen gas needed for complete combustion.
[Molar volume gas = 24 dm3 mol-1 at room condition]

[2 markah

Section / Bahagian B
SULIT 14 4541/2

[20 marks]

Answer any ONE question from this section.

Jawab mana-mana SATU soalan daripada bahagian ini.

9 The following is information about naphthalene.

Berikut adalah maklumat mengenai naftalena.

 Melting point is 80 0C
Takat lebur 80 0C

 Highly flammable
Mudah terbakar

(a) What is meant by melting point?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan takat lebur?
[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 9.1 show the apparatus set up used in experiment to determine the
melting point of naphthalene. A boiling tube containing naphthalene is heated in a
beaker containing water at 60 0C until all naphthalene completely melts.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam eksperimen untuk
menentukan takat lebur naftalena. Tabung didih yang mengandungi naftalena
dipanaskan dalam bikar yang mengandungi air pada suhu 60 0C sehingga
semua naftalena melebur.

Thermometer
Termometer

Naphthalene
Water
Naftalena
Air XXXXXXXXXXXXX

Bunsen burner
Penunu Bunsen

Diagram / Rajah 9.1

(i) State the name for the method used to heat naphthalene in the experiment.
Explain why this method suitable to use?
Nyatakan nama bagi kaedah yang digunakan untuk memanaskan naftalena
dalam eksperimen ini. Terangkan mengapa kaedah ini sesuai digunakan
.
[2 marks]

(i) The boiling point of liquid X is 60 0C. Can X be used to replace water in the
experiment? Explain why?
SULIT 15 4541/2

Takat didih cecair X ialah 60 0C. Bolehkah cecair X digunakan untuk

mengantikan air dalam eksperimen ini? Terangkan mengapa?

[2 marks]

(c) Diagram 9.2 shows the graph temperature against time for the heating
naphthalene.
Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bagi pemanasan naftalena.

Temperature /OC

90

80

Time /s

Diagram / Rajah 9.2

(i) What happen to solid naphthalene at 80 0C? Draw the arrangement of

particles in naphthalene before 80 0C and after 80 0C.
Apakah yang berlaku pada pepejal naftalena pada suhu 80 0C? Lukiskan
susunan zarah-zarah dalam naftalena sebelum 80 0C dan selepas 80 0C.
[3 marks]

(ii) Compare the particles in naphthalene at 60 0C and 90 0C in term of

 arrangement of particles
 attraction forces between particles
 kinetic energy of particles

Bandingkan zarah-zarah dalam naftalena pada suhu 60 0C dan 90 0C dari segi :

 susunan zarah-zarah
 daya tarikan antara zarah-zarah
 tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah
[6 marks]

(iii) Liquid naphthalene at 90 0 C is left cool at room temperature until all liquid
change to solid.. Sketch a graph temperature against time for cooling process
of naphthalene.
SULIT 16 4541/2

Cecair naftalena pada 90 0C dibiarkan menyejuk pada suhu bilik sehingga

semua cecair bertukar kepada pepejal. Lakarkan graf suhu melawan masa
bagi penyejukkan naftalena.
.
[2 marks]

(d) Diagram 9.3 show the result of experiment to investigate the movement of
particles in solid
Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaji pergerakkan
zarah-zarah dalam pepejal.

Diagram / Rajah 9.3

Based on diagram 9.3,

Berdasarkan Rajah 9.3,

Explain the observation based on the Kinetic Theory of Matter and state the name
of the process involved.
Terangkan pemerhatian berdasarkan Teori Kinetik Jirim dan namakan proses
yang terlibat.
[4 marks]

10 (a) Table 10.1 show two chemical formula of butene.

Jadual 10.1 menunjukkan dua formula kimia bagi butena.
SULIT 17 4541/2

X C4H8

Y CH2

Table / Jadual 10.1

Which one is the empirical formula?

What is meant by empirical formula?

Yang manakah merupakan formula empirik?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik?
[2 marks]

(b) Diagram 10.2 shows the information for compound Y.

Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan maklumat bagi sebatian Y.

 Carbon 40.00 %
Karbon
 Hydrogen 6.66 %
Hidrogen
 Oxygen 53.33 %
Oksigen

 Relative molecular mass 180

Jisim molekul relatif

Diagram / Rajah 10.2

Based on the information in Diagram 10.2, determine:

(i) the empirical formula

(ii) molecular formula

of compound Y.
[ Relative atomic mass : H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16 ]

Berdasarkan maklumat dalam Rajah 10.2, tentukan:

(i) formula empirik

(ii) formula molekul

bagi sebatian Y.
[ Jisim atom relatif : H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16 ]
[5 marks]

(c) Diagram 10.3 shows the set-up of apparatus to determine the empirical formula of
metal oxide P.
SULIT 18 4541/2

Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi menentukan formula empirik bagi
oksida logam P

Metal P Crucible
Logam P Mangkuk pijar

Method
Kaedah
Heat
panaskan

Diagram / Rajah 10.3

(i) Suggest one suitable metal P and state your reason.

Cadangkan satu logam yang sesuai untuk P dan nyatakan sebabnya.
[2 marks]

(ii) The results obtained from Experiment I as the following ;

Keputusan yang diperolehi dalam Eksperimen I adalah seperti berikut ;

Mass of crucible + lid

20.0 g
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup
Mass of crucible + lid + metal P
21.2 g
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup + logam P
Mass of crucible + lid + oxide of metal P
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup + oksida logam 22.0 g
P

[ Relative Atomic Mass / Jisim atom relatif : O = 16 ; P = 24]

Based on the results, determine the empirical formula of oxide P.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction takes place in Experiment I.

Berdasarkan kepada keputusan , tentukan formula empirik bagi oksida logam P.

Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Eksperimen I.
[6 marks]

(d) 2.3g of sodium is reacted with oxygen to produced sodium oxide.

SULIT 19 4541/2

2.3 g natrium bertindak balas dengan oksigen untuk menghasilkan natrium

oksida.

(i) Write a chemical equation for the reaction

Tulis satu persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut.
[2 marks]

(ii) Calculate the mass of sodium oxide produced.

Hitungkan jisim natrium oksida yang terbentuk.
[ Relative atomic mass / Jisim atom relatif : Na=23 , O=16 ]
[3 marks]

Section / Bahagian C
SULIT 20 4541/2

[20 marks]

Answer ALL questions in this section.

Jawab SEMUA soalan dalam bahagian ini.

11 (a) Rajah 11 menunjukkan perubahan keadaan jirim apabila ais dipanaskan

sehingga 100 ◦C.
Diagram 11 shows the change of state of matter when ice is heated up to 100
◦
C.

Rajah 11 / Diagram 11

(i) Berdasarkan Rajah 11

Based on Diagram 11 :

 Lukis susunan zarah bagi ais dan air

Draw the particle arrangement for ice and water.
 Nyatakan cara susunan zarah dalam ais dan air.
State the arrangement of particles in ice and water.
 Nyatakan pergerakan zarah bagi ais dan air.
State the movement of particles for ice and water.
 Nyatakan tenaga kinetik bagi ais dan air
State the kinetic energy for ice and water.

[8 markah]

(ii) Lakarkan graf suhu melawan masa bagi pemanasan ais tersebut daripada 0◦ C
hingga 100 ◦C.
Sketch a graph of temperature against time for heating the ice from 0 ◦C to 100
◦
C.

[2 markah]

(b) Naftalena melebur apabila dipanaskan. Takat lebur bagi naftalena ialah 80 ◦C.
SULIT 21 4541/2

Huraikan satu eksperimen untuk menentukan takat lebur naftalena di makmal.

Huraian anda perlu mengandungi rajah susunan radas dan bahan yang berlabel
serta graf penyejukan naftalena.
Naphthalene melts when heated. The melting point of naphthalene is 80 ◦C.
Describe an experiment to determine the melting point of naphthalene in the
laboratory. Your description should include a labelled diagram of apparatus
naphthalene.
[10 markah]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
SULIT 22 4541/2