SULIT 1 4541/2

Section / Bahagian A
[60 marks]

Answer all questions in this section.

Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini.

1 Diagram 1.1 shows the representative of element of atom A.

Rajah 1.1 menunjukkan perwakilan bagi satu atom unsur A.

23
11 A
Diagram / Rajah 1.1

(a) State one type of subatomic particles.

Nyatakan satu jenis zarah subatom.

.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) State the number of proton and neutron in atom A,

Nyatakan bilangan proton dan neutron dalam atom A,

Number of proton / Bilangan proton :.......................................................................

Number of neutron / Bilangan neutron :...................................................................

[2 marks]

(c) (i) Write the electron arrangement of atom A.

Tulis susunan elektron bagi atom A.

............................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(iii) State the location of atom element A in the periodic table of element.
Nyatakan kedudukan bagi atom unsur A dalam jadual berkala unsur.

…………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 marks]
SULIT 2 4541/2

2 Diagram 2 shows the structure of two isotopes carbon atom.

Rajah 2 menunjukkan struktur bagi dua isotop karbon.

6 protons 6 protons
6 neutrons 8 neutrons

Isotopes I / isotop I Isotopes II / isotop II

Diagram / Rajah 2

(a) State the meaning of isotopes?

Nyatakan maksud isotop?

..................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) State one function of isotopes II.

Nyatakan satu kegunaan isotop II.

..................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(c) Based on Isotopes I;

Berdasarkan Isotop I;

(i) Calculate the nucleon number.

Hitungkan nombor nukleon.

[1 mark]
(ii) Write the electron arrangement for this atom.
Tulis susunan elektron bagi atom ini.

………………………………………………………………………………
[1mark]

(iii) What is the number of valence electron in c (ii)?

Apakah bilangan elektron valens dalam c (ii)?

........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
SULIT 3 4541/2

3 Table 3.1 shows the chemical formula and the melting point of two substances.
Jadual 3.1 menunjukkan formula kimia dan takat lebur bagi dua bahan.

Chemical Melting point Boiling point

Substances
formula Takat lebur Takat lebur
Bahan
Formula kimia ( 0C ) ( 0C )
Magnesium Mg 650 1 100
Water / Air H2O 0 100

Table / Jadual 3.1

(a) State the types of particles in,

Nyatakan jenis zarah dalam,

Magnesium : ................................................................................................

Water / Air : ...................................................................................................

[2 marks]

(b) What is the physical state of magnesium and water at room temperature?
Apakah keadaan fizik bagi magnesium dan air pada suhu bilik?

Magnesium : ...............................................................................................

Water / Air : ...............................................................................................

[2 marks]

(c) Give the definition of boiling point

Berikan definisi bagi takat didih
……………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………….
[2 marks]
SULIT 4 4541/2

4 Diagram 4.1 shows the set-up of apparatus for two different experiments to determine
the empirical formula for K metal oxide and L metal oxide.
Rajah 4.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi dua eksperimen yang berbeza bagi
menentukan formula empirik oksida logam K dan oksida logam L.

K metal oxide
Dry hydrogen gas Oksida logam K metal L
Crucible logam L
Gas hidrogen
Mangkuk pijar
kering

Heat Heat
Panaskan Panaskan

Set-up of apparatus Experiment I Set-up of apparatus Experiment II

Susunan radas Eksperimen I Susunan radas Eksperimen II

Diagram / Rajah 4.1

(a) Suggest a suitable metal for

Cadangkan satu logam yang sesuai

metal K :
logam
K : ..............................................................................................................................
....

metal L :
logam L : ..................................................................................................................
[2 marks]

(b) Between K and L, which metal is more reactive? Explain why.

Antara K dan L, logam manakah lebih reaktif ? Terangkan mengapa.

……………………………………………………………………………………...
.

……………………………………………………………………………………
…
[2 marks]
SULIT 5 4541/2

(c) Diagram 3.2 shows the result obtained from the Experiment II; to determine the
empirical formula of L oxide.
Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan keputusan yang diperolehi daripada Eksperimen II; untuk
menentukan formula empirik oksida L.

Crucible + lid
32.28 g
Mangkuk pijar + tudung
Crucible + lid + L
33.31 g
Mangkuk pijar + tudung + L
Crucible + lid + L after heating
33.99 g
Mangkuk pijar + tudung + L selepas pemanasan

Diagram / Rajah 3.2

Calculate the empirical formula for L oxide.

Hitungkan formula empirik oksida L.

[ Relative atomic mass : O =16 ; L = 24 ]

[ Jisim atom relatif : O =16 ; L = 24 ]
SULIT 6 4541/2

[3 marks]
5 Table 5 shows the group of four elements; lithium, sodium, chlorine and
helium in the Periodic Table.
Jadual 4 menunjukkan kumpulan bagi empat unsur; litium, natrium, klorin dan
helium dalam Jadual Berkala.

Element Group
Unsur Kumpulan
Lithium
1
Litium
Sodium
1
Natrium
Chlorine
17
Klorin
Helium
18
Helium

Table / Jadual 5

(a) State one use of helium in daily life.

Nyatakan satu kegunaan helium dalam kehidupan harian.

………........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(b) (i) Chlorine located at period three in the Periodic Table.

Write the electron arrangement of chlorine atom.
Klorin berada di kala tiga dalam Jadual Berkala.
Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom klorin.

........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) State the number of valence electron of chlorine atom.

Nyatakan bilangan elektron valens bagi atom klorin.

........................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
SULIT 7 4541/2

(c) (i) Lithium and sodium react with chlorine. Which element is more reactive?
Litium dan natrium bertindak balas dengan klorin. Unsur manakah yang
lebih reaktif?

………..............................................................................................................
[1 mark]

(ii) Explain for your answer in (c) (i).

Terangkan bagi jawapan anda dalam (c) (i).

………..............................................................................................................

………………………………………………………………………………..

………………………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]

(d) Element of sodium and chlorine are located at the same period in the Periodic
Table.
Compare the atomic size of sodium atom and chlorine atom.
Explain your answer.
Unsur natrium dan klorin berada pada kala yang sama dalam Jadual Berkala.
Bandingkan saiz bagi atom natrium dan atom klorin.
Terangkan jawapan anda.

………........................................................................................................................

………........................................................................................................................

………........................................................................................................................
[2 marks]
SULIT 8 4541/2

6 Table 6.1 shows the positive and negative ions in two salt solutions.
Jadual 6.1 menunjukkan ion-ion negatif dan positif dalam dua larutan garam.

Name of Salt Positive Ion Negative Ion

Nama Garam Ion Positif Ion Negatif
Potassium carbonate
K+ CO32-
Kalium karbonat
Lead (II) chloride
Pb2+ Cl-
Plumbum (II) klorida

Table / Jadual 6.1

(a) Write the formula of potassium carbonate and lead (II) nitrate.
Tuliskan formula bagi kalium karbonat dan plumbum (II) nitrat.

Potassium carbonate
kalium karbonat :
…………………………………………………………………..

Lead (II) nitrate

Plumbum (II) nitrat :
…………………………………………………………………..
[2 marks]

(b) Diagram 6.2 below shows the apparatus set-up to prepare lead (II) carbonate salt
and potassium chloride solution.
Rajah 6.2 di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menyediakan garam
plumbum (II) karbonat dan larutan kalium niitrat.

Potassium carbonate
solution Lead (II) nitrate solution
Larutan kalium karbonat Larutan plumbum (II) nitrat

Potassium chloride
solution Lead (II) carbonate salt
Larutan kalium nitrat Garam plumbum (II) karbonat

Diagram/Rajah 5.2

(i) Identify the reactants and products of the reaction.

Kenal pasti bahan tindak balas dan hasil tindak balas bagi tindak balas
tersebut.
SULIT 9 4541/2

Reactants
Bahan tindak balas : ..................................................................................

Products
Hasil tindak balas : ..................................................................................
[2 marks]

(ii) Write a chemical equation for the reaction.

Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut.

………………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(c) The following equation shows the decomposition of copper(II) carbonate by heat.
Persamaan berikut menunjukkan penguraian kuprum(II) karbonat oleh haba.

CuCO3(p) CuO(p) + CO2(g)

If 24.8 g of copper(II) carbonate is heated completely, calculate the volume

of carbon dioxide gas collected at room conditions.
[Relative atomic mass: C = 12; O = 16 ; Cu = 64 ]
[Molar volume; 24 dm3 at room conditions]

Jika 24.8 g kuprum(II) karbonat dipanaskan dengan lengkap, hitungkan

isipadu gas karbon dioksida yang dikumpulkan pada keadaan bilik.
[Jisim atom relatif: C = 12; O = 16 ; Cu = 64]
[Isipadu molar; 24 dm3 pada keadaan bilik]

[3 marks]
SULIT 10 4541/2

7 Diagram 7 shows the standard representation of atom of element U, V, W and X.

Rajah 7 menunjukkan perwakilan piawai atom bagi unsur U, V, W dan X.

7 19 20 35
3 U 9 V 10 W 17 X
Diagram / Rajah 7
(a) Element U is placed in group 1 in the Periodic Table. State another name of group
1.
Unsur U berada dalam kumpulan satu Jadual Berkala. Nyatakan nama lain bagi
kumpulan 1.

..................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(b) Element U, V and W are placed in the same period in the Periodic Table.
State the period.
Unsur U, V dan W berada pada kala yang sama dalam Jadual Berkala.
Nyatakan kala itu.

..................................................................................................................................
[1 mark]
(c) Which element is chemically unreactive?
Explain your answer.
Unsur manakah yang tidak reaktif secara kimia?
Terangkan jawapan anda.

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................
[3 marks]
(d) Element X and element V are classified in the same group in the periodic table of
elements and both elements react with iron.
Unsur X dan unsur V dikelaskan dalam kumpulan yang sama dalam jadual
berkala unsur dan kedua-duanya bertindak balas dengan besi.

(i) Give the group name of X and V

Namakan kumpulan bagi X dan V.

………..............................................................................................................
[2 marks]
(ii) Between X and V, which element is more reactive?
Unsur manakah yang lebih reaktif?

………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
SULIT 11 4541/2

(iii) Explain your answer in d(ii)

Terangkan jawapan anda dalam d(i).

……………………………………………………………………………...

……………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]
8 (a) Atoms of both sodium and chlorine are unstable. They react to form an ionic
compound which is more stable. Diagram 8.1 shows a sodium chloride compound,
NaCl that is produced by the formation of an ionic bond between a sodium ion,
Na+ and a chloride ion, Cl-.

Atom natrium dan atom klorin tidak stabil. Kedua-dua atom itu bertindak balas
untuk membentuk sebatian ion yang lebih stabil. Rajah 8.1 menunjukkan sebatian
natrium klorida, NaCl, yang terhasil akibat akibat ikatan ion yang terbentuk
antara ion natrium dan ion klorida.

Diagram 8.1
Rajah 8.1

(i) How are a sodium ion and a chloride ion formed from their respective
atoms?
Bagaimana satu ion natrium dan ion klorida terbentuk daripada atom
masing-masing?

Sodium ion
Ion natrium : ………………..
………………………………………………………

Chloride ion
Ion klorida :
…………………………………………………………………………
[2 marks]

(ii) Name the force that exists between those ions in the compound.
Namakan daya yang wujud antara kedua-dua ion dalam sebatian itu.

………………………………………………………………………………..
SULIT 12 4541/2

[1 mark]

(iii) The melting point of sodium chloride, NaCl, is 801 oC and its boiling point
is 1413oC. What will happen to the ions in this compound at 900 oC?
Takat lebur natrium klorida, NaCl, ialah 801 oC dan takat didihnya ialah
1431 oC. Apakah yang berlaku kepada ion-ion dalam sebatian ini pada suhu
900 oC ?

………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(iv) Give one reason for your answer in (a) (iii).
Berikan satu sebab bagi jawapan anda di (a) (iii).

………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 8.2 shows the proton number and the nucleon number for two elements,
X and Y. The letters do not represent the actual symbols of elements.
Rajah 2 menunjukkan nombor proton dan nombor nukleon bagi dua unsur X dan
Y. Huruf yang digunakan tidak mewakili simbol sebenar unsur berkenaan.

9 16

X Y
4 8

Diagram / Rajah 8.2

Draw a diagram to show the bonding formed between elements X and Y.

Lukis rajah untuk menunjukkan ikatan yang terbentuk antara unsur X dan Y.

[3 marks]
SULIT 13 4541/2

(c) (i) What is the type of chemical bond formed when two atoms of element Y
combined to form a new compound?
Apakah jenis ikatan kimia yang terbentuk sekiranya dua atom unsur Y
bergabung sesama sendiri untuk membentuk suatu sebatian?

………………………………………………………………………………….
[1 mark]

(ii) Draw the Lewis structure of the compound formed in c(i)

Lukiskan struktur Lewis bagi sebatian yang terhasil dalam c(i)

[1 mark]
SULIT 14 4541/2

Section / Bahagian B
[20 marks]

Answer any ONE question from this section.

Jawab mana-mana SATU soalan daripada bahagian ini.

9 The following is information about naphthalene.

Berikut adalah maklumat mengenai naftalena.

 Melting point is 80 0C
Takat lebur 80 0C

 Highly flammable
Mudah terbakar

(a) What is meant by melting point?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan takat lebur?
[1 mark]

(b) Diagram 9.1 show the apparatus set up used in experiment to determine the
melting point of naphthalene. A boiling tube containing naphthalene is heated in a
beaker containing water at 60 0C until all naphthalene completely melts.
Rajah 9.1 menunjukkan susunan radas yang digunakan dalam eksperimen untuk
menentukan takat lebur naftalena. Tabung didih yang mengandungi naftalena
dipanaskan dalam bikar yang mengandungi air pada suhu 60 0C sehingga
semua naftalena melebur.

Thermometer
Termometer

Naphthalene
Water
Naftalena
Air XXXXXXXXXXXXX

Bunsen burner
Penunu Bunsen

Diagram / Rajah 9.1

(i) State the name for the method used to heat naphthalene in the experiment.
Explain why this method suitable to use?
Nyatakan nama bagi kaedah yang digunakan untuk memanaskan naftalena
dalam eksperimen ini. Terangkan mengapa kaedah ini sesuai digunakan
.
[2 marks]
SULIT 15 4541/2

(i) The boiling point of liquid X is 60 0C. Can X be used to replace water in the
experiment? Explain why?
Takat didih cecair X ialah 60 0C. Bolehkah cecair X digunakan untuk
mengantikan air dalam eksperimen ini? Terangkan mengapa?

[2 marks]

(c) Diagram 9.2 shows the graph temperature against time for the heating
naphthalene.
Rajah 9.2 menunjukkan graf suhu melawan masa bagi pemanasan naftalena.

Temperature /OC

90

80

Time /s

Diagram / Rajah 9.2

(i) What happen to solid naphthalene at 80 0C? Draw the arrangement of

particles in naphthalene before 80 0C and after 80 0C.
Apakah yang berlaku pada pepejal naftalena pada suhu 80 0C? Lukiskan
susunan zarah-zarah dalam naftalena sebelum 80 0C dan selepas 80 0C.
[3 marks]

(ii) Compare the particles in naphthalene at 60 0C and 90 0C in term of

 arrangement of particles
 attraction forces between particles
 kinetic energy of particles

Bandingkan zarah-zarah dalam naftalena pada suhu 60 0C dan 90 0C dari segi :

 susunan zarah-zarah
 daya tarikan antara zarah-zarah
 tenaga kinetik zarah-zarah
[6 marks]
SULIT 16 4541/2

(iii) Liquid naphthalene at 90 0 C is left cool at room temperature until all liquid
change to solid.. Sketch a graph temperature against time for cooling process
of naphthalene.
Cecair naftalena pada 90 0C dibiarkan menyejuk pada suhu bilik sehingga
semua cecair bertukar kepada pepejal. Lakarkan graf suhu melawan masa
bagi penyejukkan naftalena.
.
[2 marks]

(d) Diagram 9.3 show the result of experiment to investigate the movement of
particles in solid
Rajah 9.3 menunjukkan keputusan eksperimen untuk mengkaji pergerakkan
zarah-zarah dalam pepejal.

Diagram / Rajah 9.3

Based on diagram 9.3,

Berdasarkan Rajah 9.3,

Explain the observation based on the Kinetic Theory of Matter and state the name
of the process involved.
Terangkan pemerhatian berdasarkan Teori Kinetik Jirim dan namakan proses
yang terlibat.
[4 marks]
SULIT 17 4541/2

10 (a) Table 10.1 show two chemical formula of butene.

Jadual 10.1 menunjukkan dua formula kimia bagi butena.

X C4H8

Y CH2

Table / Jadual 10.1

Which one is the empirical formula?

What is meant by empirical formula?

Yang manakah merupakan formula empirik?

Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan formula empirik?
[2 marks]

(b) Diagram 10.2 shows the information for compound Y.

Rajah 10.2 menunjukkan maklumat bagi sebatian Y.

 Carbon 40.00 %
Karbon
 Hydrogen 6.66 %
Hidrogen
 Oxygen 53.33 %
Oksigen

 Relative molecular mass 180

Jisim molekul relatif

Diagram / Rajah 10.2

Based on the information in Diagram 10.2, determine:

(i) the empirical formula

(ii) molecular formula

of compound Y.
[ Relative atomic mass : H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16 ]

Berdasarkan maklumat dalam Rajah 10.2, tentukan:

(i) formula empirik

(ii) formula molekul

bagi sebatian Y.
[ Jisim atom relatif : H = 1 ; C = 12 ; O = 16 ]
[5 marks]
SULIT 18 4541/2

(c) Diagram 10.3 shows the set-up of apparatus to determine the empirical formula of
metal oxide P.
Rajah 10.3 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi menentukan formula empirik bagi
oksida logam P

Metal P Crucible
Logam P Mangkuk pijar

Method
Kaedah
Heat
panaskan

Diagram / Rajah 10.3

(i) Suggest one suitable metal P and state your reason.

Cadangkan satu logam yang sesuai untuk P dan nyatakan sebabnya.
[2 marks]

(ii) The results obtained from Experiment I as the following ;

Keputusan yang diperolehi dalam Eksperimen I adalah seperti berikut ;

Mass of crucible + lid

20.0 g
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup
Mass of crucible + lid + metal P
21.2 g
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup + logam P
Mass of crucible + lid + oxide of metal P
Jisim mangkuk pijar + penutup + oksida logam 22.0 g
P

[ Relative Atomic Mass / Jisim atom relatif : O = 16 ; P = 24]

Based on the results, determine the empirical formula of oxide P.

Write a chemical equation for the reaction takes place in Experiment I.

Berdasarkan kepada keputusan , tentukan formula empirik bagi oksida logam P.

Tulis persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas yang berlaku dalam Eksperimen I.
[6 marks]
SULIT 19 4541/2

(d) 2.3g of sodium is reacted with oxygen to produced sodium oxide.

2.3 g natrium bertindak balas dengan oksigen untuk menghasilkan natrium
oksida.

(i) Write a chemical equation for the reaction

Tulis satu persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas tersebut.
[2 marks]

(ii) Calculate the mass of sodium oxide produced.

Hitungkan jisim natrium oksida yang terbentuk.
[ Relative atomic mass / Jisim atom relatif : Na=23 , O=16 ]
[3 marks]
SULIT 20 4541/2

Section / Bahagian C
[20 marks]

Answer ALL questions in this section.

Jawab SEMUA soalan dalam bahagian ini.

11 (a) Diagram 11 shows the diagram of electron arrangement of a molecule PQ2.

These letters are not the actual symbols of the elements.

Rajah 11 menunjukkan gambar rajah susunan elektron bagi molekul PQ2.

Huruf ini bukanlah simbol sebenar bagi unsur-unsur tersebut.

Diagram / Rajah 11

Based on Diagram 11;

 Write the electron arrangement for atoms of element P and element Q.
 State the location of element P and Q in the Periodic Table of Elements
 Explain the position of element Q in the Periodic Table of Elements.

Berdasarkan Rajah 11;

 Tuliskan susunan elektron bagi atom unsur P dan Q.
 Nyatakan kedudukan unsur P dan Q dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur
 Terangkan kedudukan unsur P dan Q dalam Jadual Berkala Unsur.

[8 marks]
SULIT 21 4541/2

(b) Table 11(b) shows the electron arrangement for atoms W, X and Y.
These letters are not the actual symbols of elements.

Jadual 11(b) menunjukkan susunan elektron bagi atom W, X dan Y.

Huruf ini bukanlah simbol sebenar bagi unsur tersebut.

Element Electron arrangement

Unsur Susunan elektron
W 2.4

X 2.8.7

Y 2.8.8.2

Table / Jadual 11(b)

Using the information in Table 11(b), explain how two compounds can be formed
from these elements based on their electron arrangements. The two compounds should
have different type of bonds.

Dengan menggunakan Jadual 11(b), terangkan bagaimana dua sebatian boleh

terbentuk daripada atom-atom ini berdasarkan susunan elektronnya. Dua sebatian
tersebut mestilah mempunyai jenis ikatan yang berlainan.

[12 marks]

END OF QUESTION PAPER

KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT