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leansigmacorporation.com/full-factorial-doe-with-minitab
February 2, 2016
Where:
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2 (levels) raised to 3 (factors) = 8
treatment combinations.
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2 (levels) raised to 5 (factors) = 32
treatment combinations
Replication in Experiments
Each treatment can be tested multiple times in an experiment in order to increase the
degrees of freedom and improve the capability of analysis. We call this method replication.
Replicates are the number of repetitions of running an individual treatment, which increase
the power of the experimental responses. The order to run the treatments in an experiment
should be randomized to minimize the noise.
Advantages of replication include: helps to better identify the true sources of variation,
helps estimate the true impacts of the factors on the response, and overall improves the
reliability and validity of the experimental results.
The main effect of factor A is computed by averaging the difference between combinations
where A was at its high settings and where A was at its low settings.
Main effect of factor A (temperature of the oven):
Where:
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The main effect of factor B, similar to A, is
computed by averaging the difference
between combinations where B was at its high
settings and where B was at its low settings.
Main effect of factor B (time length of baking):
Where:
Where:
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Sum of squares of factors and
interaction
Where:
The sum of squares tells us the relative strength of each main effect and interaction. A has
the strongest effect as indicated by the high SS value. The degrees of freedom are
necessary to determine the mean squares value.
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Use Minitab to Run a 2k Full Factorial DOE
Step 1: Initiate the experiment design
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10. Click “OK” button in the
window “Create Factorial
Design – Designs.”
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Step 4: Analyze the experiment results
4. Click on the “Storage” button and a new window named “Analyze Factorial Design –
Storage” pops up.
5. Check the boxes “Fits” and “Residuals” in the window “Analyze Factorial Design –
Storage.”
Since the p-values of all the independent variables in the model are smaller than the alpha
level (0.05), both factors and their interactions have statistically significant impact on the
response.
High R2 value shows around 98% of the variation in the response can be explained by the
model (very good results).
The fitted response and the residuals of the DOE model are stored in the last two columns
of the data table.
Model summary: These are the software outputs for expected/predicted results, as well as
the residuals for each combination.
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