UNIT 6 CULTURAL, SOCIAL AND POLITICAL INSTITUTION

LESSON 5: EDUCATION

LEARNING OUTCOMES: The learners are expected to:

1. Demonstrate an understanding on social stratification as the ranking of individuals according

to wealth, power, and prestige;

2. Analyze aspects of social organization; and

3. Evaluate how functions of education affect the lives of people in society.

LEARNING CONTENT:

EDUCATION

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values,
beliefs, and habits. Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience
that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational.
The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.

Formal Education is imparted by direct instruction. A formal education program is the process of
training and developing people in knowledge, skills, mind, and character in a structured and
certified program.

Informal Education comes about indirectly; the learner often is unaware that he is having a
learning experience. Informal education is a spontaneous process of helping people to learn. It
works through conversation and dialogue, and the exploration and enlargement of experience.

AIMS OF EDUCATION

A. Individual Aim:

 Development as an individual of a human being.

 Moral & spiritual development.
 Cultural development.
 Harmonious development
 Promote positive physical development.
 Development of a right personality
 Development of good citizenship
 Development of good leadership
 Emotional & mental development
 Character building

B. Social Aim: Through education the individual child should be provided with the require
assistance to become a useful and well-adjusted member of the society, irrespective of the
socioeconomic status.
C. Vocational Aim: Education should prepare the child to earn his livelihood so that he can lead
a productive life in the society.

D. Intellectual Aim: Development of intelligence through education will enable the child to lead
an independent life with confidence.

E. Cultural Aim: By undergoing education child becomes cultured & civilized. Cultural
development is through development of aesthetic sense & respect for others’ culture

F. Moral Aim: Moral values like honesty, loyalty, tolerance, justice, self-control & sincerity
promote the social efficiency of an individual

G. Good Citizenship: Education enable the children to grow as productive citizens by following
the social & moral standards set by the society

FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION:

A. Functions of Education towards the Individual:

1. Development of inborn potentialities: Education helps the child to develop the inborn
potentialities of child providing scope to develop.
2. Modifying behavior: Education helps to modify the past behavior through learning and
through different agencies of education.
3. All-around development: Education aims at the well-rounded development of the learner-
physical, mental, social, emotional, and spiritual.
4. Preparing for the future: After completion of education the child can earn its livelihood
getting proper education, which has productivity. The education should be imparted
according to the own interest of the child.
5. Developing personality: The whole personality of the child is developed physically,
intellectually, morally, socially, aesthetically and spiritually. He is recognized in the
society.
6. Helping for adjustability: Man differs from a beast. Man has reasoning and thinking
power. Man tries his best to adjust to his own environment through education.

B. FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION TOWARDS THE SOCIETY:

1. Social change and control: The society is never stagnant. It is progressive and dynamic. The
child who lives in the society is influenced by the social environment. His life and personality
can be developed. Our customs and traditions preserved and transmitted to us through
generations are ever-changing. We should not be blinded by false beliefs, nor be hindered
towards our development. Education helps us to keep up with the development of science and
technology.

2. Reconstruction of experiences: Education is life-long process. Life is education and education

is life. Life is full of experiences. One cannot live with his past experiences which are unable to
adjust in the society. So education helps the individual to reconstruct the experience and adjust
with the environment.

3. Development of social and moral value: Society is always in tension with individualism or
selfishness. There is no social or moral value. Today many people are behaving like animals.
But this selfishness and animal like behavior can be changed with moral education. Education
teaches the moral value and social value like co-operation, tolerance, sympathy, we feeling,
love/ affection, respect towards elders, helping the poor and the needy persons.

4. Providing opportunity or equality: The Philippine Constitution emphasizes equality among the
citizens in terms of opportunities and privileges in all aspects of society. Education teaches us to
give equal opportunities in all aspects irrespective of social stratification, political beliefs,
regional origin, sex and religion.

FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATION TOWARDS THE NATION:

1. Inculcation of civic and social responsibility: Education helps to make rising generation to
understand its rights and duties as citizens of a democratic country.

2. Training for leadership: The leadership quality of the individual is developed when he
participates in all spheres of social, political, religious and educational activities.

3. National integration: We are living in one country having diversities in respect of color of
skin, economic status, dialect, food preferences, and mode of dressing, habits and physical
environment.

4. Total national development: Education helps for bringing about total national development by
developing all sectors i.e. social, economic, cultural, spiritual, moral, educational, etc.

Indeed, education advances culture through knowledge, helps to prevent socio-economic

inequities, breaks through boundaries of human ignorance and fear, helps societies to avoid
repeated historical mistakes, guides the individual, and the society itself, towards progress and
development, and serves as a check on the government by keeping citizens informed of civic
affairs.